WO2008087077A1 - A thermochromic device - Google Patents

A thermochromic device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008087077A1
WO2008087077A1 PCT/EP2008/050163 EP2008050163W WO2008087077A1 WO 2008087077 A1 WO2008087077 A1 WO 2008087077A1 EP 2008050163 W EP2008050163 W EP 2008050163W WO 2008087077 A1 WO2008087077 A1 WO 2008087077A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
thermochromic
nanoparticles
substrate
oxide
thermochromic device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/050163
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Erik Dekempeneer
Original Assignee
Nv Bekaert Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nv Bekaert Sa filed Critical Nv Bekaert Sa
Publication of WO2008087077A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008087077A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/006—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with materials of composite character
    • C03C17/007—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with materials of composite character containing a dispersed phase, e.g. particles, fibres or flakes, in a continuous phase
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/0147—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on thermo-optic effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
    • B32B17/10477—Variable transmission thermochromic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
    • C03C2217/21—Oxides
    • C03C2217/218—V2O5, Nb2O5, Ta2O5
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/40—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer
    • C03C2217/43—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase
    • C03C2217/46—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the dispersed phase
    • C03C2217/47—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the dispersed phase consisting of a specific material
    • C03C2217/475—Inorganic materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/40—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer
    • C03C2217/43—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase
    • C03C2217/46—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the dispersed phase
    • C03C2217/47—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the dispersed phase consisting of a specific material
    • C03C2217/475—Inorganic materials
    • C03C2217/476—Tin oxide or doped tin oxide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/08—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 light absorbing layer
    • G02F2201/083—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 light absorbing layer infrared absorbing

Definitions

  • thermochromic materials or materials that change their color with variation of temperature have been known for some time. Upon reaching a certain temperature, the transition temperature, the optical properties of a thermochromic material are changing because of a number of possible reaction mechanisms, such as a transition from a semiconducting to a metallic state, liquid crystal phase transitions, shifts in thermodynamic equilibrium, etc.
  • thermochromic material This allows to reduce the solar heat entering a building and reduces the need for using additional active cooling inside the building.
  • One of the drawbacks of such a thermochromic material is the often rather high temperature that has to be reached before the change in optical properties occurs.
  • the transition temperature of a VO 2 thermochromic coating is typically around 68 0 C. This temperature is further dependent on the microstructure and composition of the coating. This transition temperature can be reduced by addition of doping elements, i.e. W, Mo, Nb, Ta, etc. However, this often comes at the expense of a reduced level of transmittance in the visible region, which is not a preferred situation for window applications.
  • thermochromic device whereby the transition temperature resulting in the change in optical properties of the thermochromic material is reached at a lower incident light flux and becomes more independent of the environmental temperature, i.e. controlled by the construction of the thermochromic device itself.
  • thermochromic device comprises a substrate;
  • Composite tungsten oxide is expressed by the formula M x WyO z , whereby M is selected from the group consisting of H, He, -A-
  • LaB 6 particles are the most preferred.
  • the infrared absorbing nanoparticles have preferably a diameter ranging between 1 nm and 500 nm. More preferably, the diameter of the particles ranges between 10 and 100 nm.
  • the particles can have any shape. They can for example be spherical.
  • the nanoparticles may be comprised in a separate layer, in the substrate and/or in any of the other layers of the thermochromic device including the thermochromic material or the layer comprising the thermochromic material.
  • the nanoparticles are dispersed in a polymeric binder.
  • the nanoparticles are incorporated in the substrate such as a polymer film.
  • the concentration of the particles is preferably ranging between 0.5 and 5 g/m 2 . More preferably, the concentration of the particles is ranging between 0.8 and 3 g/m 2 .
  • concentration of the nanoparticles in function of the desired light sensitivity. The higher the concentration of nanoparticles, the higher the amount of absorbed infrared energy and thus the faster the transition temperature of the thermochromic material will be reached
  • a great advantage of the use of nanoparticles as infrared absorbing material compared to other infrared absorbing materials is the high stability as for example the UV stability and the stability against humidity.
  • a further advantage of the use of nanoparticles is the high flexibility nanoparticles offer to control the absorption spectrum to allow the thermochromic material to change color in the most efficient way and thus to increase the performance of the thermochromic device.
  • thermochromic material may comprise any material or combination of materials which change reversibly their optical properties (reflection, absorption) as the temperature of the material or materials varies.
  • thermochromic materials for window applications comprise oxides and substoichiometric oxides such as vanadium oxide (VO 2 ) and doped modifications thereof.
  • VO 2 vanadium oxide
  • other material choices inorganic and organic materials of which the optical properties
  • Preferred dopants comprises tungsten (W), niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), tantalum (Ta), titanium (Ti) and fluorine (F).
  • the concentration of the dopant or dopants is preferably between 0.1 and 10 at% with respect to vanadium.
  • the doped modification of the oxides such as vanadium oxide retain an acceptable high level of transmittance in the visual region and/or have an increased infrared reflectivity at high temperatures.
  • a heat treatment may be carried out before, during or after the deposition of the thermochromic material.
  • plastic materials such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyurethane (PU), polycarbonate
  • PC polyimide
  • Pl polyimide
  • PEI polyether imide
  • thermochromic device comprising a substrate and at least one thermochromic material.
  • the method comprises the incorporation of at least one infrared absorbing material in the thermochromic device.
  • the infrared absorbing material preferably comprises infrared absorbing nanoparticles.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a thermochromic device according to the present invention. Description of the preferred embodiments of the invention.
  • thermochromic material a layer 16 comprising a thermochromic material.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermochromic device comprising -a light transmitting substrate; -at least one infrared absorbingmaterial comprising nanoparticles; -at least one thermochromic material. By absorbinginfrared energy, the presence of the infrared absorbing material increases the temperature of the substrate so that the transition temperature of the thermochromic material is reached faster.

Description

A thermochromic device
Field of the invention.
The invention relates to a thermochromic device comprising an infrared absorbing material.
Background of the invention.
Thermochromic materials or materials that change their color with variation of temperature have been known for some time. Upon reaching a certain temperature, the transition temperature, the optical properties of a thermochromic material are changing because of a number of possible reaction mechanisms, such as a transition from a semiconducting to a metallic state, liquid crystal phase transitions, shifts in thermodynamic equilibrium, etc.
Thermochromic materials find for example applications in smart windows, temperature sensors, color filters and displays. In smart windows, the role of the thermochromic material is to increase the filtering (reflection or absorption) of external incident infrared radiation while being triggered by an increase of the environmental temperature.
This allows to reduce the solar heat entering a building and reduces the need for using additional active cooling inside the building. One of the drawbacks of such a thermochromic material is the often rather high temperature that has to be reached before the change in optical properties occurs. For instance, the transition temperature of a VO2 thermochromic coating is typically around 68 0C. This temperature is further dependent on the microstructure and composition of the coating. This transition temperature can be reduced by addition of doping elements, i.e. W, Mo, Nb, Ta, etc. However, this often comes at the expense of a reduced level of transmittance in the visible region, which is not a preferred situation for window applications.
WO00/21748 describes a thermochromic device comprising a substrate, a thermochromic material and a material with residual light energy absorbing character such as dyes, pigments, tinted glass and inherently colored plastics. The material with residual light energy absorbing character may cause an increase in the temperature of the thermochromic material.
Summary of the invention.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a thermochromic device avoiding the drawbacks of the prior art.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a thermochromic device whereby the transition temperature resulting in the change in optical properties of the thermochromic material is reached at a lower incident light flux and becomes more independent of the environmental temperature, i.e. controlled by the construction of the thermochromic device itself.
According to a first aspect of the present invention a thermochromic device is provided. The device comprises a substrate;
- at least one infrared absorbing material comprising nanoparticles; at least one thermochromic material.
The different elements of the thermochromic device according to the present invention are not necessarily present in the mentioned sequence. It is to be understood that other sequences are possible. Moreover, the infrared absorbing material and/or the thermochromic material can be combined in or incorporated in the substrate itself.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the thermochromic device comprises consecutively a substrate, at least one infrared absorbing material comprising nanoparticles and at least one thermochromic material so that incident light passes first through the thermochromic material and subsequently through the infrared absorbing material where it will at least be partially absorbed before reaching the substrate. The infrared absorbing material allows that the temperature of the substrate increases faster and thus that the thermochromic activity can be initiated at a lower light flux. Moreover, the infrared absorbing material allows to reach a higher temperature difference between the substrate and the environment, thereby reducing the dependence of the thermochromic activity on the environmental temperature. A further advantage of a thermochromic device according to the present invention is that the amount of infrared absorbing material can be chosen. This gives an additional control function.
Infrared absorbing material
The infrared absorbing material of a thermochromic device according to the present invention comprises preferably nanoparticles.
The nanoparticles are preferably selected from the group consisting of metal oxide particles, hexaboride particles or a combination of metal oxide particles and hexaboride particles.
Examples of metal oxide particles comprise indium oxide, tin oxide, antimony oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, tungsten oxide, indium tin oxide, antimony tin oxide, antimony indium oxide or combination thereof. A preferred combination comprises indium tin oxide and antimony tin oxide. The metal oxides can be doped or non doped. Examples of doped metal oxides comprise indium oxide doped with tin or antimony oxide doped with tin.
Preferred metal oxide particles comprise tungsten oxide particles and composite tungsten oxide particles. Tungsten oxide is expressed by the formula WyOz, whereby W is tungsten and O is oxygen and whereby
2 < z/y <3. Composite tungsten oxide is expressed by the formula MxWyOz, whereby M is selected from the group consisting of H, He, -A-
alkali metal, alkali-earth metals, rare-earth metals, Mg, Zr, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ru, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, Al, Ga, In, Ti, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, B, F, P, S, Se, Br, Te, Ti, Nb, V, Mo, Ta, Re; W is tungsten and O is oxygen and whereby 0.001 < x/y < 1 and 2 < z/y < 3.
As hexaboride particles LaB6 particles are the most preferred.
The infrared absorbing nanoparticles have preferably a diameter ranging between 1 nm and 500 nm. More preferably, the diameter of the particles ranges between 10 and 100 nm. The particles can have any shape. They can for example be spherical.
The nanoparticles may be comprised in a separate layer, in the substrate and/or in any of the other layers of the thermochromic device including the thermochromic material or the layer comprising the thermochromic material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the nanoparticles are dispersed in a polymeric binder. In an alternative embodiment the nanoparticles are incorporated in the substrate such as a polymer film.
The concentration of the particles is preferably ranging between 0.5 and 5 g/m2. More preferably, the concentration of the particles is ranging between 0.8 and 3 g/m2. One can choose the concentration of the nanoparticles in function of the desired light sensitivity. The higher the concentration of nanoparticles, the higher the amount of absorbed infrared energy and thus the faster the transition temperature of the thermochromic material will be reached
A great advantage of the use of nanoparticles as infrared absorbing material compared to other infrared absorbing materials is the high stability as for example the UV stability and the stability against humidity. A further advantage of the use of nanoparticles is the high flexibility nanoparticles offer to control the absorption spectrum to allow the thermochromic material to change color in the most efficient way and thus to increase the performance of the thermochromic device.
On can for example choose the size of the nanoparticles, the type of the nanoparticles and/or the concentration of the nanoparticles. Furthermore one can select a combination of nanoparticles to control the absorption spectrum and to allow the thermochromic material to change color..
Thermochromic material
The thermochromic material may comprise any material or combination of materials which change reversibly their optical properties (reflection, absorption) as the temperature of the material or materials varies.
Preferred thermochromic materials for window applications comprise oxides and substoichiometric oxides such as vanadium oxide (VO2) and doped modifications thereof. However, other material choices (inorganic and organic materials) of which the optical properties
(reflection, absorption) vary reversibly with temperature can be considered as well.
The term vanadium oxide as used within the context of this invention is understood to mean one of the oxides of vanadium including substoichiometric variants having thermochromic properties.
Preferred dopants comprises tungsten (W), niobium (Nb), molybdenum (Mo), tantalum (Ta), titanium (Ti) and fluorine (F). The concentration of the dopant or dopants is preferably between 0.1 and 10 at% with respect to vanadium.
Preferably, the doped modification of the oxides such as vanadium oxide retain an acceptable high level of transmittance in the visual region and/or have an increased infrared reflectivity at high temperatures.
The thermochromic material such as vanadium oxide can be deposited by any method known in the art. A preferred method to deposit the thermochromic material is by sputtering and more particularly by reactive sputtering.
A heat treatment may be carried out before, during or after the deposition of the thermochromic material.
Substrate
As substrate any substrate, either rigid or flexible can be considered.
The substrate is preferably light transmitting. The substrate may comprise plastic, glass or combinations thereof.
As plastic materials such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyurethane (PU), polycarbonate
(PC), polyimide (Pl) and polyether imide (PEI).
The plastic layer can be coated with a hard coat to provide scratch and abrasion resistance.
The substrate itself can be a thermochromic layer or laminate comprising a thermochromic layer. It can for example comprise a plastic sheet having one or more thermochromic materials dispersed in this plastic sheet.
The thermochromic device according to the present invention may comprise an additional layer such as a scratch-resistant layer, a protective layer, an anti-reflecting layer, ...
According to a second aspect of the present invention a method to increase the rate to reach the transition temperature of a thermochromic device comprising a substrate and at least one thermochromic material is provided. The method comprises the incorporation of at least one infrared absorbing material in the thermochromic device. The infrared absorbing material preferably comprises infrared absorbing nanoparticles.
The combination of an infrared absorbing material and a thermochromic material offers further advantages. According to a third aspect of the present invention a method is provided to control the temperature of a substrate provided with a structure comprising at least one infrared absorbing material. The method is of particular importance to control the temperature of glass substrates. The method comprises the incorporation of at least one thermochromic material in the structure.
It is known in the art to use infrared absorbing material to form coatings that reflect or absorb in a particular wavelength band of the infrared.
Such infrared absorbing material can be used for solar control films as for example for buildings or vehicles. However, due to the high solar heat absorption, very high glazing temperatures can be reached. This high glazing temperature can lead to breakage of the glass in particular in architectural applications.
According to the present invention, by combining infrared absorbing material and thermochromic material the increase of the temperature of the substrate is reduced due to the increased reflection of the thermochromic material at higher temperatures without disturbing the effiicency of the infrared absorbing material.
Brief description of the drawings.
The invention will now be described into more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein
Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a thermochromic device according to the present invention. Description of the preferred embodiments of the invention.
The present invention will be described with respect to a particular embodiment and with reference to certain drawings but the invention is not limited thereto but only by the claims. The drawing described is only schematic and non-limiting. In the drawing, the size of some or the elements may be exaggerated and not drawn on scale for illustrative purposes.
A thermochromic device 10 according to the present invention is illustrated in Figure 1. The thermochromic device 10 comprises
- a light transmitting substrate 12;
- a layer 14 comprising an infrared absorbing material;
- a layer 16 comprising a thermochromic material.
Layer 14 comprises tungsten oxide particles dispersed in an UV curable acrylic binder. The thickness of layer 14 is typically in the range of 1 to 10 μm as for example 2 or 5 μm.
Layer 16 comprises a vanadium oxide coating. The thickness of layer 16 is typically in the range of 50 to 200 nm as for example 100 nm.
If the temperature is below the transition temperature of the thermochromic material, the majority of the incident infrared radiation will pass through layer 16 as this layer is essentially infrared transparent. The incident infrared layer will be absorbed to a certain degree by layer 14 and will heat the substrate 12. Once the transition temperature of the thermochromic material is reached, the thermochromic material will change from its semiconducting to its metallic state.
By the presence of the infrared absorbing layer 14 the transition temperature will be reached faster. Possibly, an additional layer can be applied on top of layer 16. Examples of such an additional layer comprise a scratch-resistant layer, a protective layer, an anti-reflective layer, ...

Claims

1. A thermochromic device comprising
- a substrate;
- at least one infrared absorbing material comprising nanoparticles;
- at least one thermochromic material.
2. A thermochromic device according to claim 1 , whereby said nanoparticles are selected from the group consisting of indium oxide, tin oxide, antimony oxide, zinc oxide, aluminium zinc oxide, tungsten oxide, composite tungsten oxide, indium tin oxide, antimony tin oxide, antimony indium oxide, hexaboride or combinations thereof.
3. A thermochromic device according to claim 1 or 2, whereby said nanoparticles have a diameter ranging between 1 and 500 nm.
4. A thermochromic device according to any one of the preceding claims, whereby the concentration of said nanoparticles is ranging between 0.5 and 5 g/m2.
5. A thermochromic device according to any one of the preceding claims, whereby said nanoparticles are incorporated in said substrate.
6. A thermochromic device according to any one of the preceding claims, whereby said nanoparticles are incorporated in a polymeric binder.
7. A thermochromic device according to any one of the preceding claims, whereby said nanoparticles are incorporated in the layer comprising the thermochromic mateiral.
8. A thermochromic device according to any one of the preceding claims, whereby said thermochromic material comprises vanadium oxide.
9. A thermochromic device according to any one of the preceding claims, whereby said substrate comprises a light transmitting rigid or flexible substrate.
10. A thermochromic device according to any one of the preceding claims, whereby said substrate comprises a plastic substrate, a glass substrate or a combination thereof.
1 1. A thermochromic device according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising an additional layer such as a scratch- resistant, a protective layer or an anti-reflecting layer.
12. A method to increase the rate to reach the transition temperature of a thermochromic device comprising a light transmitting substrate and at least one thermochromic material, said method comprising the incorporation of at least one infrared absorbing material comprising nanoparticles in said thermochromic device.
13. A method to control the temperature of a glass substrate provided with a structure comprising an infrared absorbing material, said infrared absorbing material comprising nanoparticles, said method comprising the incorporation of at least one thermochromic material in said structure.
PCT/EP2008/050163 2007-01-16 2008-01-09 A thermochromic device WO2008087077A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07100602 2007-01-16
EP07100602.7 2007-01-16

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010038202A1 (en) * 2008-09-30 2010-04-08 Granqvist Claes-Goeran Thermochromic material and fabrication thereof
EP2305616A1 (en) * 2009-09-25 2011-04-06 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Panel including thermochromic layer
JP2011174928A (en) * 2010-02-24 2011-09-08 Itt Manufacturing Enterprises Inc Optical sensor including surface modified phase-change material for detection of chemical, biological and explosive compounds
US8259381B2 (en) 2009-06-05 2012-09-04 Exelis Inc. Phase-change materials and optical limiting devices utilizing phase-change materials
EP2412685A3 (en) * 2010-07-27 2013-01-30 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Thermochromic smart window and method of manufacturing the same
EP2368858A3 (en) * 2009-12-03 2013-01-30 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Method of manufacturing smart panel and smart panel
EP2368709A3 (en) * 2009-11-18 2013-01-30 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Window having a light transmittance adjusting layer
EP2631707A1 (en) * 2012-02-22 2013-08-28 Kilolambda Technologies Ltd. Responsivity enhancement of solar light compositions and devices for thermochromic windows
WO2014053250A1 (en) * 2012-10-02 2014-04-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Glass body with infrared light reflective coating with a network of nanomaterials, method for manufacturing the glass body, heat receiver tube with the glass body, parabolic trough collector with the heat receiver tube and use of the parabolic trough collector
EP2848989A3 (en) * 2013-08-05 2015-06-10 Kilolambda Technologies Ltd. Responsivity enhancement of solar light compositions and devices for thermochromic windows
US9268158B2 (en) 2012-02-22 2016-02-23 Kilolambda Technologies Ltd. Responsivity enhancement of solar light compositions and devices for thermochromic windows
WO2016068621A1 (en) * 2014-10-31 2016-05-06 부경대학교 산학협력단 Flexible thermochromic film
US20170010161A1 (en) * 2014-02-03 2017-01-12 Universite de Bordeaux Method and system for visualising infrared electromagnetic radiation emitted by a source
US9776379B2 (en) 2014-04-29 2017-10-03 Pleotint, L.L.C. Absorbing solar control interlayers
WO2018034621A1 (en) 2016-08-19 2018-02-22 Nanyang Technological University Composite film, device including, and method of forming the same
JP2019182720A (en) * 2018-04-13 2019-10-24 Ykk Ap株式会社 Solar radiation shielding glass and solar radiation shielding window provided therewith
CN111258091A (en) * 2018-12-03 2020-06-09 波音公司 System and method for facilitating bore protection and method of manufacturing a system
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