Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
  • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
  • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
  • F03B17/061—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially in flow direction
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
  • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
  • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
  • F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
  • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
  • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
  • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
  • F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
  • F03B13/264—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy using the horizontal flow of water resulting from tide movement
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
  • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
  • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
  • H02G11/00—Arrangements of electric cables or lines between relatively-movable parts
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
  • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
  • E02B2017/0091—Offshore structures for wind turbines
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
  • F05B2240/00—Components
  • F05B2240/10—Stators
  • F05B2240/14—Casings, housings, nacelles, gondels or the like, protecting or supporting assemblies there within
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
  • F05B2240/00—Components
  • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
  • F05B2240/97—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a submerged structure
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
  • F05B2250/00—Geometry
  • F05B2250/10—Geometry two-dimensional
  • F05B2250/19—Geometry two-dimensional machined; miscellaneous
  • F05B2250/192—Geometry two-dimensional machined; miscellaneous beveled
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
  • F05B2250/00—Geometry
  • F05B2250/40—Movement of component
  • F05B2250/42—Movement of component with two degrees of freedom
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
  • F05B2260/00—Function
  • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
  • F05B2260/00—Function
  • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
  • F05B2260/403—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
  • F05B2260/4031—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

• Rotatable power generation plant for obtaining electrical energy from a water flow
• the invention relates to a rotatable power generation plant for obtaining electrical energy from a water flow, in particular from a sea or flow water flow.
• diving power plants which are driven by the kinetic energy of a water flow, in particular a sea current, represent a great potential for the use of renewable energy sources. This can be due to the high density of the flow medium already has a lower flow rate of about 2 to Take advantage of 2.5 m / s for economic energy production.
• Such flow conditions can be present either as a tidal current or other ocean currents are exploited, which can reach economically exploitable speeds, especially at straits.
• Such flows can drive flow power plants, which have a similar design as wind turbines, that is, as water turbines, impellers are used with rotor blades.
• other water turbine concepts such as vertical turbines and bulb turbines, conceivable.
• diving power generation plants can also be found in streams in which due to environmental protection or transport regulations no barrage with built-in water turbines can be built.
• GB 2431 207 A1 describes an underwater turbine with a carrier body and a gondola body for receiving a turbine rotor.
• the nacelle body is articulated to the support body, so that it is pivotable between an upright and a horizontal position.
• US 6 104 097 describes a turbine plant. This in turn comprises a vertical support body and a fixed at its upper end horizontal gondola body.
• a tidal current is used to generate energy, then the power generation plant must be adapted to the changing flow directions.
• different approaches have been pursued, one is to design the water turbine so that it can be flown from different directions, the turbine is arranged non-rotatably. If, for example, a propeller-shaped water turbine is used, this can be achieved by a rotation of the turbine blades through 180 °.
• An alternative approach to adapt to different directions of flow is to turn the water turbine. In order to avoid complex gear solutions and rotary unions for connection to the rotatably arranged water turbine with a stationary generator for this concept, the entire assembly of water turbine, such as one in propeller shape, and the electric generator is carried as a unit with the flow.
• Known systems include submersible systems, which are provided with buoyancy bodies and which are anchored via cable systems on the seabed, or the bottom of the watercourse. Such an approach allows automatic adaptation to a variable flow direction, whereby not only flow from two main directions, but flows from the entire full circle can be exploited.
• a disadvantage of the known free-standing rotatable flow power plants is that a constantly increasing rotational movement of an ever-increasing rotational degree of those components will occur, which represent a connection to stationary elements and which can not be formed themselves via swivel joints.
• An example of this is the connection cable for the production of a network connection of the electric generator and of other cable connections, which establish a connection to a central control and monitoring device.
• the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a free-standing power generation plant for obtaining electrical energy from a water flow, which uses the kinetic energy available in the water flow with a high efficiency, the water turbine is to be tracked with variable flow directions, without repeated Rotary movements around a stationary point of the system cable connections are subject to a very strong twisting.
• the power generation plant is constructive and easy to design manufacturing technology.
• the invention is based on the recognition that an efficient freestanding power generation plant has a rotatable nacelle for receiving an electric generator which is driven at least indirectly by a water turbine, which can move rotatably about a stationary connection point with the flow. Accordingly, the water turbine is either actively tracked by an actuator or passively by the flow pressure and always adjusts optimally to the prevailing flow conditions. Particularly preferred is an embodiment in which the nacelle and thus the unit of water turbine and electric generator, a certain distance from this pivot point to train the plane of rotation of the water turbine at such a distance to the other support structures that they undisturbed as possible is flown.
• a nacelle body which is provided between the hinge point and the nacelle, and which particularly preferably represents a rigid element in the form of a pipe or a supporting structure. If the nacelle body and the nacelle mounted thereon, together with the electric generator and water turbine, execute a rotational movement in a substantially horizontal plane around the fulcrum for flow tracking, then, unless a back and forth movement is carried out, that means a regular reversal of the direction of rotation will inevitably occur a twisting of the connection cable, which runs from the electric generator to the connection point and on to the adjoining support body along to the land connection.
• the inventors have recognized that then a twist can be prevented if synchronous to the rotational movement in a horizontal plane about the pivot point of the nacelle body and held therein electrical generator and thus also extending from the connection point to the electric generator part of the connection cable performs a rolling movement with a follow-up movement corresponding rotation rate.
• the principle can be clarified by means of a flexible hose, which is held in the bent position at the ends. Attempting to turn one end about the axis of the other section will either result in a twist of the flexible hose or allow rotation of the rotating end about its own axis. Transferred to a generic power generation plant, this means that it has a support body which is stationary and can be anchored, for example in the form of a pillar on the seabed. At this support body is a hinge connection to a nacelle body, which holds the nacelle and thus the unit of electric generator and water turbine at the end facing away from the hinge joint.
• connection cable From the electrical generator in the nacelle along or through the nacelle body and the articulated connection runs a connecting cable to the support body and from there to the energy feed point for the electrical power plant.
• This connection cable will then be subject to no twisting when the articulated connection has a device which upon the occurrence of a rotational movement of the nacelle body and thus the nacelle of the Energy generating system to the support body for flow tracking this simultaneously in a rotational movement of the nacelle body about its own axis and thus a rotational movement of the located in this nacelle body portion of the connecting cable and the content Erten therein electrical generator is performed synchronously to the tracking movement.
• first axis associated with the stationary support body and the second axis associated with the nacelle body generally need not coincide with the actual body axes, and this will particularly be the case when a multi-part or curved structure is realized .
• definition of a first axis and a second axis is merely illustrative of the axes of rotation about which a synchronous rotational movement must be performed to prevent cable twisting.
• the first axis and the second axis do not necessarily have to be perpendicular to each other, so it is conceivable that the gondola body follows in its movement of a funnel-shaped envelope.
• either an elastic connection can be used, which absorb the tensile or compressive forces resulting from the flow of water in the direction of the second axis and thus along the nacelle body and generate counterforce against twisting and thus at a Rotary movement about the first axis, which is associated with the support body, to perform the required synchronous rotational movement of the nacelle body and thus of the electric generator about the second axis.
• these two functions are separated.
• the transmission of the rotational movement from the first axis to the second axis is effected by the interaction of positive and / or non-positive elements. In the simplest case, these will be meshing gears, for example two bevel gears.
• the idea according to the invention can be used both for an active tracking in which the power generation plant is forcibly guided about the first axis, which is assigned to the support body, as well as for a passive tracking due to the flow pressure.
• the first case it is possible to train the power generation plant as a windward or lei runner.
• passive tracking only leopard runners should be used.
• an angular offset of the optimum setting for a particular flow direction occurs.
• the dynamic pressure forces resulting from the flow can be selectively increased by flow guiding structures, such as fins and rudders become.
• flow guiding structures such as fins and rudders become.
• Another suitable measure is to make the gondola body of a Leejanrs as long as possible, so due to the large distance from the hinge already existing structures consisting of nacelle body and nacelle and those of the water turbine, lead to significant rudder forces, as soon as an angular deflection of the optimal position for the present flow is effected.
• the angular offset described above can be avoided until an equilibrium point in passively tracked plants according to the invention is achieved by using counter rotating water turbines and canceling the generator forces of the respective associated electrical generators.
• Figure 1 a and Figure 1 b show the operating principle of a hinge connection according to the invention between the support body and the nacelle body of a flow power plant, in which the adjustment of the nacelle body leads to a synchronous rotational movement about its own axis.
• Figures 2a and 2b show different embodiments of first and second positive and non-positive elements for realizing the synchronous movement in conjunction with a rigid, central tie rods.
• Figures 3a and 3b show an embodiment with a flexible, central tie rod.
• Figures 4a and 4b show an embodiment with a central, flexible tie rod on a drainage surface.
• Figures 5a and 5b show an embodiment of the hinge connection, which is realized exclusively by means of an elastic component.
• Figure 6 shows further guide elements in the form of a Aufkipp thesis.
• a water turbine 2 which may be formed, for example in the form of a propeller.
• an electric generator 3 is driven, which is received in a nacelle 9 and whose housing forms this nacelle.
• the nacelle 9 is associated with a nacelle body 4, which serves to space the water turbine from a support body 5.
• This supporting body 5 may be, for example, a supporting column or a lattice mast with an anchoring on the seabed 8.
• a floating unit may be provided, which is anchored by hawsers and so is relative to the seabed 8 substantially stationary and rotationally fixed.
• a joint 6 is mounted, which is designed according to the invention so that an active or passive tracking of the water turbine 2 with the flow direction of the driving water flow is translated into a synchronous rotational movement of the nacelle body 4.
• Figure 1b which shows an enlarged partial section of Figure 1a in the region of the hinge connection 6, the principle of this rolling movement is shown.
• Figure 1 b shows a first axis 11 which is associated with the support body 5, and a second axis 12 which is associated with the nacelle body 4.
• the first axis 11 is substantially perpendicular.
• the tracking of the water turbine 2 with the flow direction means that the second axis 12, which is associated with the nacelle body, sets substantially parallel to the flow direction.
• an arrow is indicated for this purpose, which shows the flow of the illustrated Lee organizationsrs.
• a rotation about the first axis 11 of the support body 5 is carried out for tracking the power generation plant 1, wherein the generator 3 by the nacelle body 4, the hinge joint 6 and the support body 5 extending electrical connection cable 7 then no twisting subject when the nacelle body 4 with the non-rotatably connected electrical generator 3 and the attached electrical connection cable 7 rotates about its own axis.
• the condition of a 1: 1 translation between the first and the second axis 11, 12 is mitigated to the effect that regardless of the rotation about the first axis 11 of the support body 5, the twisting of the connecting cable 7 between the nacelle body 4 and the support body 5 is limited. Accordingly, the case is still tolerable that a small angle of rotation about the first axis 11 is not directly converted into a synchronous rotation, but that it only starts at a certain Verdrillungsgrad. This is the case, for example, when elastic coupling elements counteract a twist and force a synchronous movement from the first to the second axis only when sufficient restoring forces are achieved.
• u synchronous rolling motion
• the rolling surfaces are conical and extend at different cone angles, wherein in the case of FIG. 2 a the first cone surface 18 assigned to the nacelle body 4 has a smaller opening angle compared to the second cone surface 17, which is the support body 5 assigned.
• the alternative embodiment according to FIGS. 3a and 3b differs from the preceding embodiments in that, instead of a rigid central anchor, a flexible tie rod 23 is used which absorbs the tensile forces but is simultaneously bendable in the lateral direction.
• this is a chain or a preferably multi-layer wire mesh.
• FIGS. 4 a and 4 b A further embodiment of an arrangement with a flexible, central tie rod is shown in FIGS. 4 a and 4 b, wherein FIG. 4 a shows a segmented tie rod 23. 2 in the uninstalled state and FIG. 4 in its installed state. Specifically, this consists of a sequence of elastic segments 24 and rigid segments 25 and a flexible protective cover 20 for the connecting cable 7, which extends through a channel 27 in the interior of the segmented tie rod 23.2. When installed, the tie rod 23.2 is associated with a curved support surface 28 which, in conjunction with the flexible, centrally arranged tie rod 23.2 ensures a secure abutment of the first conical rolling surface 10.1 on the corresponding counterpart, the second conical rolling surface 10.2.
• FIGS. 5a and 5b A further embodiment of a flexible tie rod is shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b.
• a flexible tie rod hinge element 23.3 which is formed for example as an elastic, annular member with a suitable diameter and a sufficient wall thickness, wherein in the operating case, which is shown in Figure 5b, one side of this flexible Glasanker joint element 23.3 is stretched, while the opposite side is subject to compression and the entrainment effect is caused by the twisting counteracting elastic forces.
• small twists are allowed, but with increasing torsion of the flexible tie rod hinge element, the restoring forces will certainly provide for limiting the twist of the connecting cable.
• FIG. 6 shows a tipping-over safeguard 30, which has a first enclosing ring 30.1 for rotatably enclosing the supporting body 5 and a second enclosing ring 30.2 for rotatably enclosing the nacelle body 4.
• These elements are preferably provided with bearings and prevent due to a connecting these two elements web 30.3 a change in the angular adjustment between the nacelle body 4 and the support body 5.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Oceanography (AREA)
• Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
• Wind Motors (AREA)
• Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

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Citations (5)

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• 2007
  • 2007-01-16 DE DE102007002338A patent/DE102007002338B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-11-23 CA CA002666763A patent/CA2666763A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-11-23 WO PCT/EP2007/010174 patent/WO2008086840A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2007-11-23 CN CNA2007800056363A patent/CN101384816A/zh active Pending
  • 2007-11-23 KR KR1020087015079A patent/KR20090100223A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2007-11-23 AU AU2007344495A patent/AU2007344495A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-11-23 US US12/300,384 patent/US20090309367A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-11-23 JP JP2009545088A patent/JP2010515851A/ja active Pending
  • 2007-11-23 BR BRPI0710695-5A patent/BRPI0710695A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2007-11-23 RU RU2009131062/06A patent/RU2009131062A/ru unknown
  • 2007-11-23 EP EP07846775A patent/EP2113052A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2007-12-24 TW TW096149648A patent/TW200842238A/zh unknown

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