WO2008081126A2 - Method and device for piloting a hybrid vehicle - Google Patents

Method and device for piloting a hybrid vehicle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008081126A2
WO2008081126A2 PCT/FR2007/052437 FR2007052437W WO2008081126A2 WO 2008081126 A2 WO2008081126 A2 WO 2008081126A2 FR 2007052437 W FR2007052437 W FR 2007052437W WO 2008081126 A2 WO2008081126 A2 WO 2008081126A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
storage device
main
electric machine
vehicle
power
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2007/052437
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2008081126A3 (en
Inventor
Guillaume Cherouvrier
Vincent Baso
Original Assignee
Peugeot Citroën Automobiles SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peugeot Citroën Automobiles SA filed Critical Peugeot Citroën Automobiles SA
Priority to EP07870385A priority Critical patent/EP2121403A2/en
Publication of WO2008081126A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008081126A2/en
Publication of WO2008081126A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008081126A3/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2054—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed by controlling transmissions or clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/16—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/24—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/24—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means
    • B60W10/26—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of energy storage means for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/30—Control strategies involving selection of transmission gear ratio
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/48—Drive Train control parameters related to transmissions
    • B60L2240/486—Operating parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/50—Drive Train control parameters related to clutches
    • B60L2240/507—Operating parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2540/00—Input parameters relating to occupants
    • B60W2540/16—Ratio selector position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/11—Electric energy storages
    • B60Y2400/114—Super-capacities
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for controlling a vehicle, in particular a hybrid motor vehicle, and a device implementing this method.
  • hybrid vehicle is meant a vehicle whose power transmission device comprises a heat engine and an electric machine.
  • the electrical machine is coupled to an electrical storage device in the form of an electrochemical battery.
  • the inertia added to the transmission shaft by the transmission chain Electric traction imposes the joint use of the actuators of the gearbox and the electric power train, in order to provide the energy necessary for the gear change.
  • an electrochemical battery can provide a high energy for a long time, but it has the disadvantage of having a relatively low power, in particular due to its relatively high internal resistance. Consequently, if one wishes to provide a great power for a very short time, it will be necessary to have a large battery, which poses congestion problems at the level of the vehicle. Moreover, the internal resistance of the electrochemical batteries leads to thermal heating that is difficult to control, and also to a relatively short lifetime.
  • electrochemical batteries are based on an imperfect chemical transformation of the material, whose efficiency decreases with temperature.
  • the invention therefore aims to remedy at least one of these drawbacks by proposing a control method that makes it possible, during changes in speed ratio, to limit the thermal heating of the batteries, to preserve their lifetime and to limit the size of the electrical storage device, while providing sufficient power and electrical energy to respond to the demands of the vehicle throughout its life.
  • the invention proposes a method for controlling a vehicle, in particular a hybrid motor vehicle, comprising the following steps: a power of a heat engine and an electric machine is transmitted to at least one driving wheel of the vehicle, the power transmitted is adjusted to a power required by the wheel, using a gear change device, the electric machine is coupled to a main electrical energy storage device.
  • the method is characterized in that, during a change of speed ratio, the electrical machine is coupled to at least one secondary electrical energy storage device, different from the main device.
  • the invention also relates to a device for controlling a vehicle, in particular a hybrid motor vehicle, used to implement this method.
  • This device comprises: - a power transmission device comprising a heat engine and an electric machine, a gearshift device, a main electrical energy storage device.
  • This actuating device is characterized in that it comprises a secondary energy storage device and an electric coupling member coupled to the electric machine. This device makes it possible, in particular, to couple the electric machine to the main storage device and / or the secondary storage device, depending on the state of operation of the vehicle.
  • the main storage device is, for example, an electrochemical torque battery of Lead Oxide-Sulfuric Acid, Nickel-Hydride or Lithium-ion type.
  • electrochemical torque battery of Lead Oxide-Sulfuric Acid, Nickel-Hydride or Lithium-ion type.
  • batteries with electrochemical torque There are two types of batteries with electrochemical torque: “power” type batteries, and “energy” type batteries. The difference between these two types lies in the amount of active ingredient contained in these batteries. Indeed, the more a battery contains active ingredient, the more it is able to provide energy but, in return, it is even more cumbersome.
  • energy type batteries which contain a large amount of active material, can provide an energy of about 40 to 100 amperes per hour.
  • Power type batteries are less bulky and have a capacity of the order of a few amperes only. On the other hand, they allow to provide a strong power during a very short time.
  • the defined method thus makes it possible, during the particularly power-hungry phases of the vehicle, such as the shift phase, to substitute a secondary energy storage system for the conventional or main storage system.
  • the currents are reduced and the thermal heating is limited, which makes it possible to preserve the service life of this equipment.
  • it can reduce the size of this battery, whether in terms of mass, size, power supplied, embedded energy, or capacity.
  • advantages associated with the vehicle mention may be made of a reduction in the bulk and mass of the overall electrical energy storage system, but also an increase in the service life and a reduction in the cost of this system.
  • a secondary device whose internal resistance is lower than that of the storage device of the invention will preferably be selected. main energy.
  • the secondary storage device comprises one or more supercapacitors.
  • a supercapacitor is a capacitor having a low internal resistance, for example of the order of a few milli ohms, or even of the order of a milli ohm, and a very large capacitance of several hundred to several thousand Farads.
  • the low internal resistance allows charging and discharging the capacitor with high currents. It can thus have a large power, of the order of several thousand W. kg 1 , it is possible to restore more easily than with a battery.
  • the internal resistance of an electrochemical battery is greater than 10 milli ohms and that its storage capacity, in specific power, is of the order of 1500 W. kg 1 .
  • Supercapacitor will be adapted to size electrical energy storage devices adapted to energy needs.
  • the supercapacitors used in the process defined by the invention are, for example, loaded during a vehicle running phase.
  • the electric machine can be coupled, depending on the vehicle life phases, to the main storage device and / or the secondary storage device.
  • FIG. 1 represents a schematic architecture of a vehicle implementing the method according to the invention
  • FIGS. 2a to 2d and FIG. 3 show configuration examples of an electrical energy storage device
  • FIG. 4 is a timing diagram showing the implementation of the various power supply means of the vehicle.
  • This traction chain comprises a heat engine 10, as well as an electric machine 12. These two elements are coupled by a clutch 14 to switch from the pure electric traction mode, in which only the electric machine is used, to the traction mode in which the heat engine 10 can be used in addition.
  • the electric machine 12 is connected to a manual gearbox, or robotized 16, itself connected to the wheels 18 via a shaft 20.
  • the electrical energy used to power the electric machine 12 is stored in a storage system
  • This storage system comprises a main device, a secondary device and possibly an electrical coupling member.
  • the storage system is further coupled to the electrical machine via an inverter 21.
  • the main and secondary devices will be described in more detail with the help of the figures
  • the engine meanwhile, is connected to the starter 26, powered by a starter battery 28.
  • the electrical energy storage system 22 is composed of a main storage device, for example formed of an electrochemical battery, as well as a storage device.
  • secondary storage for example consisting of one or more supercapacitors.
  • FIGS. 2a to 2d The different possible configurations for these devices are illustrated in FIGS. 2a to 2d.
  • Figure 2a shows a configuration in which the electrochemical battery 30a and a supercapacitor 32a are connected in series.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b may be generalized in the case where two separate energy storage systems are associated in series or in parallel. Each element being included in the group comprising: a "power" type battery, an “energy” type battery, and a supercapacity. These different elements have been defined previously.
  • an electric coupling member 34c, 34d
  • the coupling member is an electrical coupling system for regulating the system. According to the configurations, this device is of the type: a switching member, - a DC / DC converter
  • DC / DC DC / DC
  • DC / DC DC / DC
  • DC / DC DC / DC
  • FIG. 3 A particular configuration of these energy storage systems coupled with a coupling member is illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • a storage device for example the main device 35
  • the electrical member 36 is used to couple, or not, a secondary device 37, according to the operating modes of the vehicle.
  • the main device 35 and the secondary device 37 are separate and are each included in the group comprising a "power" battery, an “energy” battery and a supercapacity.
  • Phases 42b and 42e are phases of shifting.
  • the phases 42a, 42b and 42c are pure electric driving phases and the phases 42d, 42e and 42f are driving phases with the heat engine.
  • phase 42a the vehicle is in pure electric mode
  • phase 42a that is to say that only the electric machine is used for traction, and it is powered only by the electrochemical battery (curve 40a).
  • the electric machine uses the supercapacitor
  • the supercapacitor stops supplying energy, and only the electrochemical battery is used.
  • phase 42e of gearshift the electric machine uses the supercapacitor as for phase 42b. As soon as the end of shift phase 42f, we return to a situation identical to situation 42d.
  • a device according to FIG. 3 with an electrochemical battery in position 35 and a supercapacity in position 37 would allow perfect implementation according to the timing diagram of FIG. 4, the coupling member 36 being used to connect the electrical machine to the supercapacity during phases 42b and 42e.

Abstract

The invention relates to the piloting of a vehicle, in particular a hybrid automotive vehicle, that comprises: transmitting the power from a thermal engine (10) and an electric machine (12) to at least one driving wheel (18) of the vehicle (1); adapting the power transmitted to the required power of the wheel (18) using a gear-ratio changing device (16); coupling the electric machine (12) to a main electric energy storing device; characterised in that, during an automatic change of the gear ratio, the electric machine (12) is coupled to a secondary electric energy storing device (32) that is different from the main device.

Description

PROCEDE ET DISPOSITIF DE PILOTAGE D'UN VEHICULE, NOTAMMENT D'UN VEHICULE AUTOMOBILE HYBRIDEMETHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING A VEHICLE, IN PARTICULAR A HYBRID MOTOR VEHICLE
La présente invention concerne un procédé de pilotage d'un véhicule, notamment d'un véhicule automobile hybride, et un dispositif mettant en œuvre ce procédé.The present invention relates to a method for controlling a vehicle, in particular a hybrid motor vehicle, and a device implementing this method.
Par véhicule hybride, on entend un véhicule dont le dispositif de transmission de puissance comporte un moteur thermique et une machine électrique. Dans les systèmes classiques existants, la machine électrique est couplée à un dispositif de stockage électrique sous forme d'une batterie électrochimique . Dans certaines architectures de véhicules à traction hybride, notamment équipés d'une boîte de vitesses automatique, et en particulier d'une boite de vitesses manuelle robotisée (ou pilotée) BVMP, l'inertie ajoutée sur l'arbre de transmission par la chaîne de traction électrique impose l'utilisation conjointe des actionneurs de la boite de vitesses et de la chaîne de traction électrique, afin de fournir l'énergie nécessaire au changement de rapport .By hybrid vehicle is meant a vehicle whose power transmission device comprises a heat engine and an electric machine. In existing conventional systems, the electrical machine is coupled to an electrical storage device in the form of an electrochemical battery. In some architectures of hybrid traction vehicles, in particular equipped with an automatic gearbox, and in particular a BVMP robotic (or pilot) manual gearbox, the inertia added to the transmission shaft by the transmission chain Electric traction imposes the joint use of the actuators of the gearbox and the electric power train, in order to provide the energy necessary for the gear change.
Afin de ne pas dégrader les prestations longitudinales du véhicule, et d'agrément, les changements de rapport doivent être réalisés dans un temps très court impliquant une puissance électrique très élevée.In order not to degrade the longitudinal benefits of the vehicle, and approval, the gear changes must be made in a very short time involving a very high electrical power.
Or, une batterie électrochimique permet de fournir une grande énergie pendant une longue durée, mais elle présente l'inconvénient de disposer d'une puissance relativement faible, du fait notamment de sa résistance interne relativement élevée. En conséquence, si l'on souhaite fournir une grande puissance pendant un temps très court, il faudra disposer d'une grosse batterie, ce qui pose des problèmes d'encombrement au niveau du véhicule. Par ailleurs, la résistance interne des batteries électrochimiques conduit à un échauffement thermique difficile à maîtriser, et également à une durée de vie relativement faible.However, an electrochemical battery can provide a high energy for a long time, but it has the disadvantage of having a relatively low power, in particular due to its relatively high internal resistance. Consequently, if one wishes to provide a great power for a very short time, it will be necessary to have a large battery, which poses congestion problems at the level of the vehicle. Moreover, the internal resistance of the electrochemical batteries leads to thermal heating that is difficult to control, and also to a relatively short lifetime.
Il est également à noter que les batteries électrochimiques sont basées sur une transformation chimique imparfaite de la matière, dont l'efficacité diminue avec la température.It should also be noted that electrochemical batteries are based on an imperfect chemical transformation of the material, whose efficiency decreases with temperature.
Sont également connus des procédés faisant appel, pour le stockage d'énergie électrique, à des supercapacités. Contrairement aux batteries électrochimiques, les supercapacités permettent de fournir grande puissance électrique, mais elles présentent l'inconvénient de disposer d'une faible énergie massique, ce qui impose un dimensionnement important pour les applications nécessitant une certaine énergie.Also known are processes using electrical supercapacities for the storage of electrical energy. Unlike electrochemical batteries, supercapacities can provide large electrical power, but they have the disadvantage of having a low specific energy, which imposes significant sizing for applications requiring some energy.
L'invention vise donc à remédier à au moins l'un des ces inconvénients en proposant un procédé de pilotage permettant, lors des changements de rapport de vitesse, de limiter l' échauffement thermique des batteries, de préserver leur durée de vie et de limiter la taille du dispositif de stockage électrique, tout en fournissant une puissance et une énergie électriques suffisantes pour répondre aux sollicitations du véhicule tout au long de sa vie .The invention therefore aims to remedy at least one of these drawbacks by proposing a control method that makes it possible, during changes in speed ratio, to limit the thermal heating of the batteries, to preserve their lifetime and to limit the size of the electrical storage device, while providing sufficient power and electrical energy to respond to the demands of the vehicle throughout its life.
Ainsi, l'invention propose un procédé de pilotage d'un véhicule, notamment d'un véhicule automobile hybride, comprenant les étapes suivantes : on transmet une puissance d'un moteur thermique et d' une machine électrique à au moins une roue motrice du véhicule, on adapte la puissance transmise à une puissance nécessaire à la roue, à l'aide d'un dispositif de changement de rapport, on couple la machine électrique à un dispositif de stockage d' énergie électrique principal .Thus, the invention proposes a method for controlling a vehicle, in particular a hybrid motor vehicle, comprising the following steps: a power of a heat engine and an electric machine is transmitted to at least one driving wheel of the vehicle, the power transmitted is adjusted to a power required by the wheel, using a gear change device, the electric machine is coupled to a main electrical energy storage device.
Le procédé est caractérisé en ce que, lors d'un changement de rapport de vitesse, on couple la machine électrique à au moins un dispositif de stockage d'énergie électrique secondaire, différent du dispositif principal.The method is characterized in that, during a change of speed ratio, the electrical machine is coupled to at least one secondary electrical energy storage device, different from the main device.
L'invention concerne également un dispositif de pilotage d'un véhicule, notamment d'un véhicule automobile hybride, utilisé pour mettre en œuvre ce procédé.The invention also relates to a device for controlling a vehicle, in particular a hybrid motor vehicle, used to implement this method.
Ce dispositif comprend : - un dispositif de transmission de puissance comprenant un moteur thermique et une machine électrique, un dispositif de changement de rapport de vitesse, un dispositif de stockage d'énergie électrique principal . Ce dispositif d' actionnement est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un dispositif de stockage d'énergie secondaire et un organe de couplage électrique couplé à la machine électrique. Cet organe permet, notamment, de coupler la machine électrique au dispositif de stockage principal et/ou au dispositif de stockage secondaire, en fonction de l'état de fonctionnement du véhicule.This device comprises: - a power transmission device comprising a heat engine and an electric machine, a gearshift device, a main electrical energy storage device. This actuating device is characterized in that it comprises a secondary energy storage device and an electric coupling member coupled to the electric machine. This device makes it possible, in particular, to couple the electric machine to the main storage device and / or the secondary storage device, depending on the state of operation of the vehicle.
Le dispositif de stockage principal est, par exemple, une batterie à couple électrochimique de type Oxyde de Plomb- Acide sulfurique, Nickel-Hydrure ou encore Lithium-ion. Il existe deux types de batteries à couple électrochimique : les batteries de type « puissance », et les batteries de type « énergie ». La différence entre ces deux types réside dans la quantité de matière active contenue dans ces batteries. En effet, plus une batterie contient de matière active, plus elle est à même de fournir de l'énergie mais, en contrepartie, elle est d'autant plus encombrante.The main storage device is, for example, an electrochemical torque battery of Lead Oxide-Sulfuric Acid, Nickel-Hydride or Lithium-ion type. There are two types of batteries with electrochemical torque: "power" type batteries, and "energy" type batteries. The difference between these two types lies in the amount of active ingredient contained in these batteries. Indeed, the more a battery contains active ingredient, the more it is able to provide energy but, in return, it is even more cumbersome.
Ainsi, les batteries de type « énergie », qui contiennent une grande quantité de matière active, peuvent fournir une énergie de l'ordre de 40 à 100 ampères par heure. Les batteries de type « puissance », quant à elles, sont moins encombrantes et ont une capacité de l'ordre de quelques ampères seulement. En revanche, elles permettent de fournir une forte puissance pendant un temps très court.Thus, energy type batteries, which contain a large amount of active material, can provide an energy of about 40 to 100 amperes per hour. "Power" type batteries, on the other hand, are less bulky and have a capacity of the order of a few amperes only. On the other hand, they allow to provide a strong power during a very short time.
Le procédé défini permet ainsi, lors de phases de vie du véhicule particulièrement gourmandes en puissance, telle que la phase de changement de rapport de vitesse, de substituer un système de stockage d' énergie secondaire au système de stockage classique, ou principal.The defined method thus makes it possible, during the particularly power-hungry phases of the vehicle, such as the shift phase, to substitute a secondary energy storage system for the conventional or main storage system.
Cette substitution présente de nombreux avantages, tant au niveau de la batterie en elle-même, qu'au niveau du véhicule de manière générale.This substitution has many advantages, both at the level of the battery itself, and at the level of the vehicle in general.
Ainsi, au niveau de la batterie, on réduit les courants et on limite l' échauffement thermique, ce qui permet de préserver la durée de vie de cet équipement. En outre, on peut diminuer le dimensionnement de cette batterie, que ce soit en terme de masse, d'encombrement, de puissance électrique fournie, d'énergie embarquée, ou encore de capacité. Quant aux avantages liés au véhicule, on peut mentionner une diminution de l'encombrement et de la masse du système global de stockage d'énergie électrique, mais également une augmentation de la durée de vie ainsi qu'une réduction du coût de ce système .Thus, at the level of the battery, the currents are reduced and the thermal heating is limited, which makes it possible to preserve the service life of this equipment. In addition, it can reduce the size of this battery, whether in terms of mass, size, power supplied, embedded energy, or capacity. As for the advantages associated with the vehicle, mention may be made of a reduction in the bulk and mass of the overall electrical energy storage system, but also an increase in the service life and a reduction in the cost of this system.
Ainsi que mentionné précédemment, un des inconvénients des batteries électrochimiques provient de leur résistance interne élevée, qui provoque un échauffement thermique relativement important lorsqu'elles sont sollicitées. Afin d' éviter que le même type de phénomène ne se reproduise lors de l'utilisation dispositif de stockage secondaire, on choisira de préférence, dans une réalisation, un dispositif secondaire dont la résistance interne est moins élevée que celle du dispositif de stockage d'énergie principal.As mentioned above, one of the drawbacks of electrochemical batteries comes from their high internal resistance, which causes a relatively high temperature rise when they are stressed. In order to prevent the same type of phenomenon from occurring again during the use of the secondary storage device, in one embodiment, a secondary device whose internal resistance is lower than that of the storage device of the invention will preferably be selected. main energy.
On pourra également utiliser des dispositifs de stockage secondaire dont la puissance spécifique exprimée en W. kg1, est supérieure à la puissance spécifique du dispositif de stockage principal . A cet effet, dans une réalisation, le dispositif de stockage secondaire comporte un ou plusieurs supercondensateurs.It will also be possible to use secondary storage devices whose specific power expressed in W. kg 1 , is greater than the specific power of the main storage device. For this purpose, in one embodiment, the secondary storage device comprises one or more supercapacitors.
Un supercondensateur est un condensateur présentant une faible résistance interne, par exemple de l'ordre de quelques milli ohms, voire même de l'ordre du milli ohm, et une très grande capacité, de plusieurs centaines à plusieurs milliers de Farads. La résistance interne faible autorise une charge et une décharge du condensateur avec de forts courants. On peut ainsi disposer d'une grande puissance, de l'ordre de plusieurs milliers de W. kg1, qu'il est possible de restituer plus facilement qu'avec une batterie. En comparaison, il est intéressant de noter que la résistance interne d'une batterie électrochimique est supérieure à 10 milli ohms et que sa capacité de stockage, en puissance spécifique, est de l'ordre de 1500 W. kg1.A supercapacitor is a capacitor having a low internal resistance, for example of the order of a few milli ohms, or even of the order of a milli ohm, and a very large capacitance of several hundred to several thousand Farads. The low internal resistance allows charging and discharging the capacitor with high currents. It can thus have a large power, of the order of several thousand W. kg 1 , it is possible to restore more easily than with a battery. In comparison, it is interesting to note that the internal resistance of an electrochemical battery is greater than 10 milli ohms and that its storage capacity, in specific power, is of the order of 1500 W. kg 1 .
Par batterie, on entendra au moins une cellule élémentaire.By battery, we will hear at least one elementary cell.
De même, par supercondensateur, on entendra au moins une cellule élémentaire. Le nombre de cellules élémentaires « batterie » etSimilarly, by supercapacitor, we will hear at least one elementary cell. The number of elementary cells "battery" and
« supercondensateur » sera adapté pour dimensionner des dispositifs de stockage d'énergie électrique adaptés aux besoins en énergie. Les supercondensateurs mis en œuvre dans le procédé défini par l'invention sont, par exemple, chargés pendant une phase de roulage de véhicule."Supercapacitor" will be adapted to size electrical energy storage devices adapted to energy needs. The supercapacitors used in the process defined by the invention are, for example, loaded during a vehicle running phase.
Lorsqu'on fait un changement de rapport de vitesse, d'un rapport inférieur à un rapport supérieur, on doit ralentir l'arbre primaire et pour cela, on utilise la machine électrique en générateur de courant : on prélève du couple qu' on convertit en courant. Ce courant charge le supercondensateur. A l'inverse, dans le cas où l'on rétrograde, on a besoin d'un apport en puissance sur un temps très court, et on utilise donc les supercondensateurs qui ont été chargés auparavant par la batterie ou la machine électrique. Il suffit pour cela que les supercondensateurs soient capables d' accepter ou de fournir le courant nécessaire. Le besoin en énergie nécessaire pour le changement de rapport est relativement faible par rapport à l'énergie que peut contenir le supercondensateur, mais, pour des raisons d'agrément et de sécurité, cette énergie doit être transférée en un temps très court conduisant à des puissances élevées. Selon les réalisations, le dispositif de stockage principal (batterie électrochimique) et le dispositif de stockage secondaire (supercondensateurs) seront montés en parallèle ou en série.When making a change of gear ratio, from a lower gear to a higher gear, we must slow down the primary shaft and for that, we use the electric machine as a current generator: we take the torque that we convert while running. This current charges the supercapacitor. Conversely, in the case where we downshift, we need a power supply over a very short time, and so we use the supercapacitors that were previously loaded by the battery or the electric machine. All that is required is for the supercapacitors to be able to accept or supply the necessary current. The energy requirement for the gear change is relatively low compared to the energy that the supercapacitor may contain, but, for reasons of approval and safety, this energy must be transferred in a very short time leading to high powers. According to the embodiments, the main storage device (electrochemical battery) and the secondary storage device (supercapacitors) will be connected in parallel or in series.
Différentes configurations possibles pour ces éléments seront décrites ultérieurement à l'aide des figures.Different possible configurations for these elements will be described later using the figures.
Grâce à l'élément de couplage, la machine électrique peut être couplée, en fonction des phases de vie du véhicule, au dispositif de stockage principal et/ou au dispositif de stockage secondaire.Thanks to the coupling element, the electric machine can be coupled, depending on the vehicle life phases, to the main storage device and / or the secondary storage device.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront avec la description de certains de ses modes de réalisation, cette description étant réalisée à titre non limitatif à l'aide des dessins sur lesquels : la figure 1 représente une architecture schématisée d'un véhicule mettant en œuvre le procédé conforme à l'invention, les figures 2a à 2d et la figure 3 montrent des exemples de configuration d'un dispositif de stockage d'énergie électrique, et la figure 4 est un chronogramme montrant la mise œuvre des différents moyens d'alimentation en énergie du véhicule.Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent with the description of some of its embodiments, this description being given in a non-limiting manner with the aid of the drawings in which: FIG. 1 represents a schematic architecture of a vehicle implementing the method according to the invention, FIGS. 2a to 2d and FIG. 3 show configuration examples of an electrical energy storage device, and FIG. 4 is a timing diagram showing the implementation of the various power supply means of the vehicle.
Sur la figure 1, on voit une architecture classique d'une chaîne de traction d'un véhicule hybride 1.In Figure 1, we see a conventional architecture of a traction chain of a hybrid vehicle 1.
Cette chaîne de traction comporte un moteur thermique 10, ainsi qu'une machine électrique 12. Ces deux éléments sont couplés par un embrayage 14 permettant de passer du mode de traction électrique pure, dans lequel seule la machine électrique est utilisée, au mode de traction thermique, dans lequel on peut utiliser en sus le moteur thermique 10.This traction chain comprises a heat engine 10, as well as an electric machine 12. These two elements are coupled by a clutch 14 to switch from the pure electric traction mode, in which only the electric machine is used, to the traction mode in which the heat engine 10 can be used in addition.
La machine électrique 12 est reliée à une boîte de vitesses manuelle pilotée, ou robotisée 16, elle-même reliée aux roues 18 par l'intermédiaire d'un arbre 20.The electric machine 12 is connected to a manual gearbox, or robotized 16, itself connected to the wheels 18 via a shaft 20.
L'énergie électrique utilisée pour l'alimentation de la machine électrique 12 est stockée dans un système de stockageThe electrical energy used to power the electric machine 12 is stored in a storage system
22. Ce système de stockage comprend un dispositif principal, un dispositif secondaire et éventuellement un organe de couplage électrique. Le système de stockage est couplé en outre à la machine électrique via un onduleur 21. Les dispositifs principal et secondaire seront décrits plus en détail à l'aide des figures22. This storage system comprises a main device, a secondary device and possibly an electrical coupling member. The storage system is further coupled to the electrical machine via an inverter 21. The main and secondary devices will be described in more detail with the help of the figures
2a à 2d. Le moteur thermique, quant à lui, est relié au démarreur 26, alimenté par une batterie de démarrage 28.2a to 2d. The engine, meanwhile, is connected to the starter 26, powered by a starter battery 28.
Le système de stockage d' énergie électrique 22 est composé d'un dispositif de stockage principal, par exemple formé d'une batterie électrochimique, ainsi que d'un dispositif de stockage secondaire, par exemple composé d'un ou plusieurs supercondensateurs .The electrical energy storage system 22 is composed of a main storage device, for example formed of an electrochemical battery, as well as a storage device. secondary storage, for example consisting of one or more supercapacitors.
Les différentes configurations possibles pour ces dispositifs sont illustrées sur les figures 2a à 2d.The different possible configurations for these devices are illustrated in FIGS. 2a to 2d.
La figure 2a montre une configuration dans laquelle la batterie électrochimique 30a et un supercondensateur 32a sont montés en série.Figure 2a shows a configuration in which the electrochemical battery 30a and a supercapacitor 32a are connected in series.
Sur la figure 2b, la batterie électrochimique 30b et le supercondensateur 32b sont montés en parallèle.In FIG. 2b, the electrochemical battery 30b and the supercapacitor 32b are connected in parallel.
Les figures 2a et 2b peuvent être généralisées au cas où l'on associe, en série ou en parallèle, deux systèmes de stockage d' énergie distincts . Chaque élément étant compris dans le groupe comprenant : une batterie de type « puissance », une batterie de type « énergie », et une supercapacité. Ces différents éléments ont été définis précédemment.FIGS. 2a and 2b may be generalized in the case where two separate energy storage systems are associated in series or in parallel. Each element being included in the group comprising: a "power" type battery, an "energy" type battery, and a supercapacity. These different elements have been defined previously.
On peut ainsi obtenir des associations série ou parallèle de type :It is thus possible to obtain serial or parallel associations of the type:
Batterie « puissance »/Batterie « énergie », ou - Batterie « puissance »/Supercapacité, ouBattery "power" / Battery "energy", or - Battery "power" / Supercapacity, or
Batterie « énergie »/Supercapacité.Battery "energy" / Supercapacity.
Dans chacune de ces configurations, les contributions respectives de chaque élément dépendent du mode de fonctionnement et des besoins en énergie du véhicule.In each of these configurations, the respective contributions of each element depend on the mode of operation and the energy requirements of the vehicle.
Dans certains cas, et notamment dans les configurations décrites ci-dessus, afin de gérer les contributions des différents modules de stockage, on utilise un organe de couplage électrique (34c, 34d) . Cet organe de couplage (34c, 34d) peut être disposé soit (Figure 2c) entre la batterie électrochimique 30c et le supercondensateur 32c, soit (Figure 2d) en amont des ces deux éléments (3Od et 32d) eux-mêmes montés en parallèle l'un de l'autre. L'organe de couplage est un système de couplage électrique permettant la régulation du système. Selon les configurations, cet organe est du type : un organe de commutation, - un convertisseur courant continu/courant continuIn some cases, and in particular in the configurations described above, in order to manage the contributions of the various storage modules, an electric coupling member (34c, 34d) is used. This coupling member (34c, 34d) may be arranged either (FIG. 2c) between the electrochemical battery 30c and the supercapacitor 32c, or (FIG. 2d) upstream of these two elements (30d and 32d), themselves connected in parallel. one of the other. The coupling member is an electrical coupling system for regulating the system. According to the configurations, this device is of the type: a switching member, - a DC / DC converter
(DC/DC) ; et une association de convertisseurs courant continu/courant continu (DC/DC) .(DC / DC); and a combination of DC / DC converters (DC / DC).
Une configuration particulière de ces systèmes de stockage d'énergie assortis d'un organe de couplage est illustrée sur la figure 3. En effet, dans certains cas, il est utile qu'un dispositif de stockage, par exemple le dispositif principal 35, soit couplé en permanence à la machine électrique. Dans ce cas, l'organe électrique 36 est utilisé pour coupler, ou non, un dispositif secondaire 37, selon les modes de fonctionnement du véhicule.A particular configuration of these energy storage systems coupled with a coupling member is illustrated in FIG. 3. In fact, in certain cases, it is useful for a storage device, for example the main device 35, to be permanently coupled to the electric machine. In this case, the electrical member 36 is used to couple, or not, a secondary device 37, according to the operating modes of the vehicle.
Le dispositif principal 35 et le dispositif secondaire 37 sont distincts et sont chacun compris dans le groupe comprenant une batterie « puissance », une batterie « énergie » et une supercapacité .The main device 35 and the secondary device 37 are separate and are each included in the group comprising a "power" battery, an "energy" battery and a supercapacity.
La mise en œuvre des dispositifs de stockage d'énergie électrique ainsi que du moteur thermique est illustrée par les chronogrammes montrés sur la figure 4.The implementation of the electrical energy storage devices and the heat engine is illustrated by the timing diagrams shown in Figure 4.
Sur ces chronogrammes sont représentés le pilotage d'une batterie électrochimique (courbe 40a), le pilotage d'un supercondensateur (courbe 40b) , ainsi que le pilotage du moteur thermique (courbe 40c) . On voit l'évolution de ces pilotages au cours de six phases de vie du véhicule 42a à 42f .These timing diagrams show the control of an electrochemical battery (curve 40a), the control of a supercapacitor (curve 40b), and the control of the heat engine (curve 40c). We see the evolution of these piloting during six phases of life of the vehicle 42a to 42f.
Pour simplifier, on a représenté l'évolution de ces trois sources d'énergie par des échelons prenant les valeurs 1 ou 0. Les phases 42b et 42e sont des phases de changement de rapport de vitesse. Les phases 42a, 42b et 42c sont des phases de roulage en mode électrique pur et les phases 42d, 42e et 42f sont des phases de roulage avec le moteur thermique.For simplicity, the evolution of these three energy sources is represented by steps taking the values 1 or 0. Phases 42b and 42e are phases of shifting. The phases 42a, 42b and 42c are pure electric driving phases and the phases 42d, 42e and 42f are driving phases with the heat engine.
On suppose au départ que le véhicule est en mode électrique pur (phase 42a), c'est à dire que seule la machine électrique est utilisée pour la traction, et elle est alimentée uniquement par la batterie électrochimique (courbe 40a) . Lors d'un changement de rapport de vitesse, il est nécessaire de piloter la machine électrique afin d'échanger une grande puissance pendant un temps relativement court. A cet effet, la machine électrique fait appel au supercondensateurIt is assumed initially that the vehicle is in pure electric mode (phase 42a), that is to say that only the electric machine is used for traction, and it is powered only by the electrochemical battery (curve 40a). When changing gear, it is necessary to control the electric machine to exchange a large power for a relatively short time. For this purpose, the electric machine uses the supercapacitor
(courbe 40b) . Selon les réalisations, pendant cette phase 42b, la batterie électrochimique continue, ou non, à fournir de l'énergie à la machine électrique.(curve 40b). According to the embodiments, during this phase 42b, the electrochemical battery continues, or not, to supply energy to the electric machine.
Dès la fin de la phase de changement de vitesse et le retour à une phase de roulage en mode électrique pur (phase 42c), le supercondensateur cesse de fournir de l'énergie, et seule la batterie électrochimique est utilisée.At the end of the shift phase and the return to a pure electric driving phase (phase 42c), the supercapacitor stops supplying energy, and only the electrochemical battery is used.
On suppose maintenant que la traction est réalisée par le moteur thermique (phase 42d) .It is now assumed that the traction is performed by the heat engine (phase 42d).
Dans d'autres situations de vie, où la batterie et la machine électrique ne participeraient pas à la traction, on devrait représenter, dans ce cas, la courbe 40a ramenée à la valeur 0.In other situations of life, where the battery and the electric machine would not participate in the traction, one should represent, in this case, the curve 40a brought back to the value 0.
Au cours de la phase 42e de changement de rapport de vitesse, la machine électrique fait appel au supercondensateur comme pour la phase 42b. Dès la fin de phase de changement de rapport 42f, on revient à une situation identique à la situation 42d.During the phase 42e of gearshift, the electric machine uses the supercapacitor as for phase 42b. As soon as the end of shift phase 42f, we return to a situation identical to situation 42d.
La mise en œuvre décrite à l'aide de cette figure 4 est avantageusement effectuée sur un dispositif conforme à celui de la figure 3. En effet, on constate sur les chronogrammes que la batterie électrochimique (40a) est alimentée en permanence, et que le supercondensateur (40b) est alimenté, ou non, en fonction des phases de vie du véhicule.The implementation described with the aid of this FIG. 4 is advantageously carried out on a device according to that of FIG. 3. Indeed, it can be seen from the timing diagrams that the electrochemical battery (40a) is permanently powered, and the supercapacitor (40b) is powered, or not, depending on the vehicle life phases.
Ainsi, un dispositif selon la figure 3 avec une batterie électrochimique en position 35 et une supercapacité en position 37 permettrait une parfaite mise en œuvre selon le chronogramme de la figure 4, l'organe de couplage 36 étant utilisé pour relier la machine électrique à la supercapacité pendant les phases 42b et 42e. Thus, a device according to FIG. 3 with an electrochemical battery in position 35 and a supercapacity in position 37 would allow perfect implementation according to the timing diagram of FIG. 4, the coupling member 36 being used to connect the electrical machine to the supercapacity during phases 42b and 42e.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Procédé de pilotage d'un véhicule, notamment d'un véhicule automobile hybride (1), dans lequel :A method for controlling a vehicle, in particular a hybrid motor vehicle (1), in which:
- on transmet une puissance d'un moteur thermique (10) et/ou d'une machine électrique (12) à au moins une roue motrice (18) du véhicule (1) ,a power of a heat engine (10) and / or an electric machine (12) is transmitted to at least one drive wheel (18) of the vehicle (1),
- on adapte la puissance transmise à une puissance nécessaire à la roue (18), à l'aide d'un dispositif de changement de rapport de vitesse (16),the power transmitted is adjusted to a power required by the wheel (18) by means of a gearshift device (16),
- on couple la machine électrique (12) à un dispositif de stockage d'énergie électrique principal (30), caractérisé en ce quethe electrical machine (12) is coupled to a main electrical energy storage device (30), characterized in that
- lors d'un changement de rapport de vitesse, on couple la machine électrique (12) à un dispositif de stockage d'énergie électrique secondaire (32) différent du dispositif principal (30), et dont la résistance interne est moins élevée que celle du dispositif de stockage d'énergie principal.when a gear ratio is changed, the electric machine is coupled to a secondary electrical energy storage device 32 different from the main device 30 and whose internal resistance is lower than that of the main device 30; of the main energy storage device.
2. Dispositif de pilotage d'un véhicule, notamment d'un véhicule automobile hybride (1) , pour la mise en œuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant :2. Device for driving a vehicle, in particular a hybrid motor vehicle (1), for implementing the method according to claim 1, comprising:
- une chaîne de traction comprenant un moteur thermique (10) et une machine électrique (12) ,a traction chain comprising a heat engine (10) and an electric machine (12),
- un dispositif de changement de rapport de vitesse (16) ,a gearshift device (16),
-un dispositif de stockage d'énergie électrique principal (30) , caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un dispositif de stockage d'énergie électrique secondaire (32) couplé à la machine électrique (12) lors d'un changement de rapport de vitesse, ce dispositif étant différent du dispositif principal (30), et dont la résistance interne est moins élevée que celle du dispositif de stockage d'énergie principal. a main electrical energy storage device (30), characterized in that it comprises a secondary electrical energy storage device (32) coupled to the electric machine (12) during a gearshift , this device being different from the main device (30), and whose internal resistance is lower than that of the main energy storage device.
3. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de stockage principal (30) et le dispositif de stockage secondaire (32) sont montés en série.3. Device according to one of claims 2, characterized in that the main storage device (30) and the secondary storage device (32) are connected in series.
4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 2 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de stockage principal (30) et le dispositif de stockage secondaire (32) sont montés en parallèle.4. Device according to one of claims 2 to 3, characterized in that the main storage device (30) and the secondary storage device (32) are connected in parallel.
5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un organe de couplage électrique (34c ; 34d) permettant de coupler la machine électrique (12) au dispositif de stockage principal (30) et/ou au dispositif de stockage secondaire (32), en fonction de l'état de fonctionnement du véhicule (1) .5. Device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that it comprises an electric coupling member (34c; 34d) for coupling the electric machine (12) to the main storage device (30) and / or the secondary storage device (32), depending on the operating state of the vehicle (1).
6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un dispositif de stockage principal (35) couplé en permanence à la machine électrique (12) , et un organe de couplage (36) permettant de coupler la machine électrique (12) au dispositif de stockage secondaire (37) .6. Device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a main storage device (35) permanently coupled to the electric machine (12), and a coupling member (36) for coupling the electric machine (12) to the secondary storage device (37).
7. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de stockage secondaire (32) a une puissance spécifique supérieure à celle du dispositif de stockage principal (30) . 7. Device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the secondary storage device (32) has a specific power greater than that of the main storage device (30).
PCT/FR2007/052437 2006-12-20 2007-12-04 Method and device for piloting a hybrid vehicle WO2008081126A2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07870385A EP2121403A2 (en) 2006-12-20 2007-12-04 Method and device for piloting a vehicle, in particular a hybrid automotive vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0655747 2006-12-20
FR0655747A FR2910387B1 (en) 2006-12-20 2006-12-20 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING A VEHICLE, IN PARTICULAR A HYBRID MOTOR VEHICLE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008081126A2 true WO2008081126A2 (en) 2008-07-10
WO2008081126A3 WO2008081126A3 (en) 2008-11-27

Family

ID=38325516

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FR2007/052437 WO2008081126A2 (en) 2006-12-20 2007-12-04 Method and device for piloting a hybrid vehicle

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2121403A2 (en)
FR (1) FR2910387B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2008081126A2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011060823A1 (en) * 2009-11-19 2011-05-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Converter and submodule of a converter for charging or discharging an energy store

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018200649A1 (en) * 2018-01-16 2019-07-18 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Hybrid powertrain of a motor vehicle and motor vehicle with such a drive train

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0828304A2 (en) * 1996-09-10 1998-03-11 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Storage battery voltage control apparatus
US20030141123A1 (en) * 2002-01-30 2003-07-31 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Control system for a vehicle power supply and control method thereof
DE102004023502A1 (en) * 2004-05-10 2005-12-08 Volkswagen Ag Energy storage method for hybrid motor vehicle lowering voltage level of the energy storage if allowable temperature to be expected with voltage level is exceeded
DE102005024777A1 (en) * 2005-05-31 2006-12-07 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Energy storage device
WO2007081545A2 (en) * 2006-01-09 2007-07-19 General Electric Company (A New York Corporation) Hybrid vehicle and method of assembling same

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0828304A2 (en) * 1996-09-10 1998-03-11 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Storage battery voltage control apparatus
US20030141123A1 (en) * 2002-01-30 2003-07-31 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Control system for a vehicle power supply and control method thereof
DE102004023502A1 (en) * 2004-05-10 2005-12-08 Volkswagen Ag Energy storage method for hybrid motor vehicle lowering voltage level of the energy storage if allowable temperature to be expected with voltage level is exceeded
DE102005024777A1 (en) * 2005-05-31 2006-12-07 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Energy storage device
WO2007081545A2 (en) * 2006-01-09 2007-07-19 General Electric Company (A New York Corporation) Hybrid vehicle and method of assembling same

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011060823A1 (en) * 2009-11-19 2011-05-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Converter and submodule of a converter for charging or discharging an energy store
US8981712B2 (en) 2009-11-19 2015-03-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Converter and submodule of a converter for charging or discharging an energy store

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2910387B1 (en) 2009-07-17
EP2121403A2 (en) 2009-11-25
FR2910387A1 (en) 2008-06-27
WO2008081126A3 (en) 2008-11-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1589601B1 (en) Electric traction system for vehicles, comprising an electric disipating resistor cooled by a cooling liquid
EP1051308B1 (en) Hybrid engine transmission unit comprising a double planetary gear train
EP2079148B1 (en) Electric circuit
WO2016092184A1 (en) Automatic transmission for hybrid vehicle and method for controlling a hybrid vehicle
US20070087884A1 (en) Hybrid engine
EP2885147B1 (en) Method for limiting the torque of an electric machine of a hybrid vehicle comprising a speed control system
FR2832357A1 (en) Double epicyclic transmission for hybrid vehicle, has engine and pair of electric machines connected to epicyclic trains
FR2670440A1 (en) Propulsion system
WO2011072765A1 (en) Method for controlling a hybrid vehicle drive device, and associated device
FR3026062A1 (en) AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FOR THERMAL / ELECTRIC HYBRID VEHICLE
FR2781727A1 (en) HYBRID DRIVE GROUP COMPRISING TWO ELECTRIC MACHINES
WO2015181480A1 (en) Automatic transmission for hybrid vehicle and control method
WO2008081126A2 (en) Method and device for piloting a hybrid vehicle
EP2906440B1 (en) Rekuperationsverfahren von elektrischer energie mit spannungsglättung für ein bordnetz
FR2746352A1 (en) Automobile with hybrid electric motor/IC engine drive
EP3694736A1 (en) Method for controlling an electric hybrid power unit
EP2505410A1 (en) Power train for hybrid vehicle
EP2989352B1 (en) Drive train for hydraulic hybrid vehicle and hybrid vehicle
FR3101820A1 (en) A method of managing electrical energy in an electric vehicle, and an electric vehicle configured to implement such a method.
FR3098766A1 (en) Automatic transmission for thermal / electric hybrid vehicle
EP1454786A2 (en) Control of an electrical machine in a serial hybrid vehicle
EP2953805B1 (en) Hybrid vehicle
FR2934525A1 (en) Electrical energy storing and providing system for electrical machine of e.g. electric-thermal hybrid vehicle, has cooling device whose cooling capacity is lower than capacity required for cooling storing devices in absence of heat transfer
WO2023180664A1 (en) Vehicle with electric drive and method for controlling such a vehicle
EP4153439A1 (en) Method for controlling a powertrain unit for a motor vehicle with hybrid electrical transmission

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2007870385

Country of ref document: EP

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 07870385

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A2