WO2008080354A1 - Dispositif de distribution de fluide - Google Patents

Dispositif de distribution de fluide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008080354A1
WO2008080354A1 PCT/CN2007/071374 CN2007071374W WO2008080354A1 WO 2008080354 A1 WO2008080354 A1 WO 2008080354A1 CN 2007071374 W CN2007071374 W CN 2007071374W WO 2008080354 A1 WO2008080354 A1 WO 2008080354A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
distribution device
fluid
fluid distribution
balance
common port
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/071374
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Wenhui Wang
Xianzhong Zhao
Wenhu Shen
Bin Chen
Original Assignee
Accelergy Shanghai R & D Center Co., Ltd.
Accelergy Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Accelergy Shanghai R & D Center Co., Ltd., Accelergy Corporation filed Critical Accelergy Shanghai R & D Center Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2008080354A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008080354A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/072—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with pivoted closure members
    • F16K11/074—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with pivoted closure members with flat sealing faces
    • F16K11/0743—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with pivoted closure members with flat sealing faces with both the supply and the discharge passages being on one side of the closure plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
    • B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
    • B01J2219/00279—Features relating to reactor vessels
    • B01J2219/00281—Individual reactor vessels
    • B01J2219/00286—Reactor vessels with top and bottom openings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
    • B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
    • B01J2219/00279—Features relating to reactor vessels
    • B01J2219/00306—Reactor vessels in a multiple arrangement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
    • B01J2219/00277—Apparatus
    • B01J2219/00351—Means for dispensing and evacuation of reagents
    • B01J2219/00389—Feeding through valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00274—Sequential or parallel reactions; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making arrays; Chemical library technology
    • B01J2219/00718—Type of compounds synthesised
    • B01J2219/00745—Inorganic compounds
    • B01J2219/00747—Catalysts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fluid distribution device.
  • Fluid distribution devices are widely used to distribute fluid to channels or flow paths or to gather fluids from channels or flow paths.
  • a fluid distribution device may be used to distribute reactants to multiple parallel reactors in a parallel reaction system for parallel evaluation of different catalysts. Since the catalysts in the multiple reactors should be evaluated under substantially identical conditions, flow rates of the reactants through the multiple reactors should be approximately the same. The flow rate of reactants through a reactor depends not only on the flow resistance of the reactor but also on the flow resistance of all the segments upstream and downstream, which form a flow path together with the reactor.
  • a fluid distribution device can have distributing channels with approximately equal flow resistances respectively connected to the multiple reactors, and the flow resistance of each distributing channel is much higher than the flow resistance of the corresponding reactor such that the flow resistance of the reactor is negligible and that flow resistance differences of the multiple reactors can be omitted.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 6,749,814 discloses a fluid distribution device that uses
  • micro-channels were etched into a silicon wafer and then
  • an additional retaining device such as bolts may be added to
  • the fluid distribution device may become complex and bulky in structure.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provides a fluid distribution
  • the core further includes a pressure balance surface adapted to receive a pressure from a balance fluid in order to balance a pressure from fluid flowing between the common port and the branch ports.
  • Embodiments of the present invention further provides a fluid distribution device which comprises a main body having a first engagement surface with a common port and a plurality of branch ports, and a core having a second engagement surface to engage with the first engagement surface.
  • Connecting structures are formed in the main body or the core, or between the first and second engagement surfaces to allow fluid communication between the common port and each of the plurality of branch ports.
  • a balance fluid cavity is formed between the core and the main body to accommodate a balance fluid adapted to exert a pressure force to the core in order to balance a pressure force from fluid flowing between the common port and the branch ports.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a fluid distribution device.
  • FIG. 2 is another cross-sectional view of the fluid distribution device of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a first engagement surface of the fluid distribution device of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a second engagement surface of the fluid distribution device of FIG. 1.
  • FIGs. 1-4 show a fluid distribution device 1 that can be used to
  • the fluid distribution device 1 comprises a main body
  • the main body 11 defines therein a cavity 116 for accommodating the core 13.
  • the main body 11 includes an upper cover 113 and a lower cover
  • the first engagement surface 111 is formed with a common port 117
  • the common port 117 is
  • branch ports 118 are connected to respective fluid conduits 107 and 108 in order
  • the common port 117 is used as an inlet
  • FIG. 4 There are connecting structures for connecting the common port 117 and the branch ports 118, which are not illustrated in FIG. 1 and also will be described in more detail below with reference to FIGs. 3-4.
  • the core 13 When the fluid distribution device 1 is in use, fluids passing through the common port 117 and branch ports 118 and the connecting structures, which fluids are referred to as inner fluids hereafter for distinguishing from other external fluids, will exert a pressure force on the second engagement surface 113. In order to balance this pressure force and prevent the core 13 from being uplifted, the core 13 further provides a pressure balance surface 133 to receive a pressure force from a balance fluid. In one embodiment, the pressure balance surface 133 is substantially parallel with and opposite to the second engagement surface 131. [0016] The balance fluid may be an inner fluid introduced from the common port 117 or the branch ports 118, or may be an external fluid introduced through other channels from an outside of the fluid distribution device 1. In one embodiment, the balance fluid is an external fluid and the main body 11 is provided with an external balance fluid inlet 119 for introducing an external balance fluid to the pressure balance surface 133.
  • the pressure of the balance fluid may be equal to, higher than or smaller than the pressure of the fluid between the first and second engagement surfaces.
  • the pressure force of the balance fluid may be directly or indirectly exerted on the pressure balance surface 133. For instance, if there is an element closely attached on the pressure balance surface 133, a pressure force of a balance fluid may be exerted on that element and then transmitted to the pressure balance surface 133 by that element or via some other element.
  • the fluid distribution device 1 may further comprise an elastic element 15 to provide an elastic force on the core 13 in order to preliminarily retain the core 13 in the cavity 116 against undesired movement and keep the second engagement surface 131 of the core 13 abutting the first engagement surface 111, when the pressure balance surface 133 does not receive a force of a balance fluid.
  • the elastic element 15 includes a plurality of disc springs.
  • a pressure plate 17 may be placed between the elastic element 15 and the core 13.
  • the pressure plate 17 is placed between the disc springs 15 and the pressure balance surface 133 of the core and uniformly transmits the elastic force of the disc springs 15 to the pressure balance surface 133.
  • a washer 18 may be placed between the elastic element 15 and an inner top surface of the upper cover 113. The washer 18 may be provided with one or more through holes or the likes 181 for allowing an external fluid from the inlet 119 to pass through and into a space where the elastic element is located.
  • the fluid distribution device 1 may further comprise an elastic sheet 19 between the pressure plate 17 and the pressure balance surface 133 of the core 13.
  • the elastic sheet 19 is a Teflon sheet. A deforming capability and a self-adaptive capability of the elastic sheet 19 brings a better engagement between the pressure plate 17 and the core 13, such that the force transmitted by the pressure plate 17 can be more uniformly applied to the pressure balance surface 133.
  • the elastic sheet 19 extends from between the pressure plate 17 and the pressure balance surface 133 into between the upper cover 113 and the lower cover 115 and serves two functions: (1) to divide the cavity 116 into two sections, one above the elastic sheet 19 and one below the elastic sheet 19, and hold the balance fluid in the section above the elastic sheet 19 against entering between the first and second engagement surfaces 111 and 131; (2) to seal the spaces between the upper cover 113 and the lower cover 115 so as to prevent fluids in the fluid distribution device from leaking out. [0022] Once the fluid distribution device is in use, an external balance fluid may be introduced from the inlet 119 and passes through the hole 181 to apply on the pressure plate 17.
  • the pressure plate 17 is provided with one or more though holes or the likes 171, such that the external balance fluid can be introduced onto the elastic sheet 19 which is closely attached on the pressure balance surface 133, and exerts a pressure force to the elastic sheet 19. Then the pressure force is transmitted to the pressure balance surface 82.
  • the number of the branch ports 118 is relatively large, in order to decrease the bulk of the whole fluid distribution device 1, the fluid conduits connected to the branch ports 118 may be arranged in two groups (e.g., arranged in two circles), wherein one group of conduits are connected to the branch ports 118 from sidewalls of the lower cover 115 (as shown in FIG.
  • the first engagement surface 111 defines a common port 117 and a plurality of branch ports 118.
  • the branch ports 118 are arranged in a circle and the common port 117 is located in the center of the circle. Additionally, there are bolt holes 123 in the first engagement surface 111 for receiving the bolts 121 as shown in FIGl .
  • the second engagement surface 131 is formed with a plurality of grooves 301 which function as the connecting structures for connecting the common port 117 and the branch ports 118.
  • the connecting structures may be grooves defined on the first engagement surface 111, or alternatively the connecting structures may each be formed by a groove on the first engagement surface 111 and a corresponding groove on the second engagement surface 131, or alternatively the connecting structures may be channels formed inside the core 13.
  • the connecting structures may be regular-sized channels or micro-sized channels.
  • sizes larger than lmm are named as regular sizes, therefore channels with a minimum dimension larger than or equal to lmm are regular-sized channels, and channels with a minimum dimension smaller than lmm are micro-sized channels (micro-channels).
  • the minimum dimension of a channel is usually the minimum dimension of the channel's smallest cross-section, which can have different shapes.
  • a minimum dimension of a rectangular shaped cross-section is the shorter side length of the rectangle
  • a minimum dimension of a circular shaped cross-section is the diameter of the circle
  • a minimum dimension of a triangular shaped cross-section is the minimum height of the triangle
  • a minimum dimension of an irregular shaped cross section should be the diameter of the largest circle that can be fitted in the irregular shaped cross-section.
  • the connecting structures are micro-channels which have high flow resistances.
  • the micro-channels are those with minimum dimensions smaller than 0.5mm, or more particularly, smaller than 0.1mm, or even smaller, for instance, smaller than 70 ⁇ m, 50 ⁇ m, 40 ⁇ m, 30 ⁇ m, 20 ⁇ m, lO ⁇ m, 7 ⁇ m, 5 ⁇ m, 3 ⁇ m, 2 ⁇ m, l ⁇ m, 0.7 ⁇ m, 0.5 ⁇ m, 0.3 ⁇ m, or O.l ⁇ m. Therefore, the micro-channels may have minimum dimensions ranged in 0.1 ⁇ m ⁇ lmm, particularly in 0.5 ⁇ m ⁇ 0.5mm, or more particularly in l ⁇ m ⁇ 100 ⁇ m.
  • Methods suitable for fabricating the micro-channels include but are not limited to mechanical scratching, mechanical polishing, chemical corrosion, electrochemical corrosion (such as electro-polishing which is usually used in stainless steel substances), ion-bombardment, laser processing, found, dry etching, sandblasting, etc.
  • Materials suitable to provide said micro-grooves/ micro-channels include but are not limited to metals and their alloys (such as copper, stainless steel, etc.), silicon, glass, plastic, etc.
  • the connecting structures in order to uniformly distribute fluids from the common port to the branch ports, have substantially identical flow resistances.
  • the identity of flow resistance of the multiple micro-channels can be measured by a flow rate difference of multiple flow paths to which the multiple micro-channels are connected.
  • the flow rate difference may be denoted as (Q m a ⁇ -Qmm)/Qav, wherein Q max and Q mm are respectively the maximum flow rate and the minimum flow rate among the multiple flow paths, and Q av is the average of the flow rates of the multiple flow paths.
  • the identity of flow resistance of the multiple micro-channels also can be measured by a difference of times which are respectively used to passing a same volume of a same fluid through the multiple flow paths.
  • the difference of times may be denoted as (T max -T mm )/T av , wherein T max is the maximum time, i.e., the time used to pass through the micro-channel with the highest flow resistance, and T mm is minimum time, i.e., the time used to pass through the micro-channel with the lowest flow resistance, among the multiple flow paths, and T av is the average of these times.
  • T max is the maximum time, i.e., the time used to pass through the micro-channel with the highest flow resistance
  • T mm minimum time, i.e., the time used to pass through the micro-channel with the lowest flow resistance, among the multiple flow paths
  • T av is the average of these times.
  • the multiple micro-channels can be regarded as having substantially identical flow resistance.
  • the multiple micro-channels may be configured to be identical both in length and shape.
  • Each single connecting structure may have a uniform size along the length thereof or may have a size varying along the length thereof, and they may be straight or curving.
  • each micro-groove 301 is straight and has a gradually growing size which gradually grows along the length thereof from an end thereof adjacent to the common port 117 to the other end thereof adjacent to the branch port 118. This kind of micro-groove 301 is able to validly reduce the flow rate of the fluid flowing out of it.
  • the fluid distribution device of the present invention provides a balance fluid cavity or a pressure balance surface such that a balance fluid can be introduced to balance the pressure force on the second engagement surface of the core.
  • a pressure of the balance fluid is easy to control, it is easy to control a pressure of the balance fluid to be equal to, smaller or larger than the pressure between the first and second engagement surfaces no matter how large it is. Therefore the sealing effect of the two engagement surfaces can be ensured. Otherwise, this method of using the balance fluid to press the core can make the core uniformly pressed due to the fluidity of the balance fluid.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif (1) de distribution de fluide. Ce dispositif (1) de distribution de fluide comprend un corps principal (11) comportant une première surface de contact (111) dotée d'un orifice central (117) et d'une pluralité d'orifices secondaires, et un centre (13) comportant une deuxième surface de contact (131) destinée à se trouver en contact avec la première surface de contact (111). La première surface de contact (111) et la deuxième surface de contact (131) une fois en contact l'une avec l'autre, assurent la communication du fluide entre l'orifice central (117) et chacun des multiples orifices secondaires (118). Le centre (13) comporte en outre une surface (133) d'équilibrage de la pression prévue pour recevoir une pression d'un fluide d'équilibrage afin d'équilibrer une pression du fluide s'écoulant entre l'orifice central (117) et les orifices secondaires (118).
PCT/CN2007/071374 2006-12-28 2007-12-28 Dispositif de distribution de fluide WO2008080354A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN200610063683.0 2006-12-28
CN200610063683 2006-12-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008080354A1 true WO2008080354A1 (fr) 2008-07-10

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PCT/CN2007/071374 WO2008080354A1 (fr) 2006-12-28 2007-12-28 Dispositif de distribution de fluide

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CN (1) CN101225927A (fr)
WO (1) WO2008080354A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4636315A (en) * 1982-12-09 1987-01-13 Research Triangle Institute Fluid separator apparatus and method
US5405585A (en) * 1992-07-06 1995-04-11 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Fluid delivery system utilizing multiple port valve
US5613511A (en) * 1993-02-16 1997-03-25 Verntofta Ab Device for washing the interior of a building, and a distribution valve associated therewith
CN2530257Y (zh) * 2002-02-10 2003-01-08 常州市中威电子仪器厂 液体分配阀
US20040183869A1 (en) * 2002-12-06 2004-09-23 Birgit Muller-Chorus Device for parallel metering of liquids
US20060006065A1 (en) * 2004-06-05 2006-01-12 Symyx Technologies, Inc. Microfluidic fluid distribution manifold for use with multi-channel reactor systems

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4636315A (en) * 1982-12-09 1987-01-13 Research Triangle Institute Fluid separator apparatus and method
US5405585A (en) * 1992-07-06 1995-04-11 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Fluid delivery system utilizing multiple port valve
US5613511A (en) * 1993-02-16 1997-03-25 Verntofta Ab Device for washing the interior of a building, and a distribution valve associated therewith
CN2530257Y (zh) * 2002-02-10 2003-01-08 常州市中威电子仪器厂 液体分配阀
US20040183869A1 (en) * 2002-12-06 2004-09-23 Birgit Muller-Chorus Device for parallel metering of liquids
US20060006065A1 (en) * 2004-06-05 2006-01-12 Symyx Technologies, Inc. Microfluidic fluid distribution manifold for use with multi-channel reactor systems

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101225927A (zh) 2008-07-23

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