WO2008080174A1 - Single helix chiral fiber grating - Google Patents
Single helix chiral fiber grating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008080174A1 WO2008080174A1 PCT/US2007/088993 US2007088993W WO2008080174A1 WO 2008080174 A1 WO2008080174 A1 WO 2008080174A1 US 2007088993 W US2007088993 W US 2007088993W WO 2008080174 A1 WO2008080174 A1 WO 2008080174A1
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- fiber
- fiber grating
- longitudinal axis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
- G02B6/0208—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by their structure, wavelength response
- G02B6/02085—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by their structure, wavelength response characterised by the grating profile, e.g. chirped, apodised, tilted, helical
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
Abstract
A chiral fiber grating, for reflecting, scattering or polarizing an optical signal, or for forming a fiber Saser feedback structure, comprises a chiral fiber having a singie heiix structure aiorsg its central longitudinal axis having a pitch equal to its period. The single heiix structure is achieved by ensuring that a chiral fiber is asymmetrical about its centra! longitudinal axis prior to twisting the fiber to produce the single helix chiral fiber grating, in an alternate embodiment of the present invention, a hybrid single heiix structure with certain double-helix properties may be produced by utilizing a fiber preform that has a 180 degree symmetrical core, that is asymmetrically offset from the preterm's longitudinal axis. Such a hybrid chiral fiber grating has a spectral response profile that includes, over certain waveSengths of Sight, spectral regions of polarization insensitivity, as well as spectra! regions of polarization sensitivity.
Description
SJNGLE HEUX CHJRAL FJBER GRATfNG
HELP QF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to fiber grating type structures, and more particularly to an optica! fiber grating having chiral properties and having a single helix refractive index modulation.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Fiber gratings are incorporated into components that form the backbone of modem information and communications technologies, and are suitable for a wide range of applications, such as information processing and optica! fiber communication systems utilizing wavelength division muitipiexing (WDM). There are many different fiber grating types and configurations. For example, fiber Bragg gratings are useful in lasing, filtering and sensing applications. Various Bragg grating configurations also include chirped fiber gratings useful in chromatic dispersion compensators and apodized fiber gratings that are used to eliminate sidelobes in signal transmission spectra.
Another type of fiber grating - a long period grating - is of particular interest in sensing and filtering applications. Light passing through a long period grating is modified rather than reflected, as occurs in fiber Bragg gratings. Also, unlike a fiber Bragg grating, a long period grating is typically used for coupling the mode of the fiber core into the fiber cladding, A long period grating has a spectra! characteristic with multiple transmission gaps. The positions of these gaps along the spectral range depend on the refractive
index of a medium outside the ciadding of the fiber. Thus, changing the outside refractive index produces a shift in the transmission gaps. Typically, the period of a Song period grating is significantly ionger than the wavelength of iight passing through the grating. The conventional method of manufacturing fiber gratings (including long period gratings) is based on photo-induced changes of the refractive index. Extended lengths of periodic fiber are produced by moving the fiber and re-exposing it to the illumination whiie carβfuϋy aiigning the position to be in phase with the previously written periodic moduiation. The fiber core utilized in the process must be composed of speciaiiy prepared photosensitive glass, such as germanium doped silicate glass. This approach limits the length of the resυiting grating and aiso limits the produced index contrast. Furthermore, such equipment requires perfect aiignment of the iasers and exact coordination of the fiber over minute distances when it is displaced prior to being exposed again to the laser beam.
A variety of revolutionary fiber Bragg gratings based on chiral fiber structures have been developed to address the drawbacks of previously known fiber gratings as well as to offer new functionality. These fiber gratings are disciosed in a commonly assigned co-pending U.S. Patent Application entitled "Customizable Chirped Chiral Fiber Bragg Grating" as wei! as in commonly assigned U.S. Patents No. 8,839,488, entitled "Chiral Fiber Grating", No. 6,741631 , entitled "Customizable Apodized Chiral Fiber Grating Apparatus and Method", and No. 6,925,230, entitled "Long Period Chiral Fiber Grating Apparatus", (hereinafter individually and collectively referred to as
-7-
"Chiral Fiber Patents") all of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
The Chira! Fiber Patents focused on impSementation of fiber grating products in form of chiral fiber structures having double helix symmetry (which resulted in the chiral fibers having properties similar to cholesteric liquid crystals, and thus being polarization sensitive. In addition, the Ghirai Fiber Patents aiso disclosed a single helix chira! fiber configuration for use in fiber grating applications where polarization sensitivity is not necessary. While, the key concepts anά techniques reiating to a single heiix chira! fiber grating were disclosed in the '631 patent, only a single exemplary embodiment of achieving a single helix configuration in a chira! fiber was shown. The disciosed embodiment involved the use of a single fiber preform composed of two different dieiectric materials - an approach which is challenging to implement in a production environment. Accordingly, holding true to the principles and core concepts of a single helix chiral fiber grating disclosed in the '631 patent, it would thus be desirable to provide an advantageous singie helix chiral fiber grating that is easy to fabricate and that may be implemented in a wider variety of physicai configurations. It would also be desirable to provide a single helix chiral fiber grating that may be configured in a variety of desirable fiber grating structures (e.g., long period grating, etc.).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fiber grating, for reflecting, scattering or polarizing an optica! signai, or for forming a fiber laser feedback structure, that comprises a chira! fiber having a singie heSix structure along its centrai longitudinal axis having a pitch eqυai to its period. The singie helix structure is achieved by ensuring that a fiber preform is asymmetrica! about its central longitudinal axis prior to twisting the preform to produce the single helix chiral fiber grating. This is accompiished by utilizing a fiber preform having a core shaped or positioned to be asymmetricai about the preterm's centrai longitudinal axis, in certain embodiments of the present invention, the core may comprise a singie asymmetrical element, while in other embodiments of the present invention, the core may comprise two different (in composition, shape, and or size) proximai paralle! elements, in the case of each type of embodiment, twisting of the preform having an asymmetrical core produces the desired single helix fiber grating.
In an alternate embodiment of the present invention, a hybrid singie helix structure with certain doubie-heiix properties may be produced by utilizing a fiber preform that has a 180 degree symmetrica! core, that is also asymmetrically offset from the preterm's iongitudinal axis. Such a hybrid chira! fiber grating has a spectra! poiarization response profϋe that includes, over certain wavelengths of light spectral regions of polarization insensitivity, as well as spectra! regions of polarization sensitivity.
The following detaiied description considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood, however, that the drawings
are designed soieiy for purposes of illustration and not as a definition of the limits of the invention, for which reference should be made to the appended claims.
BRIEF DESCRtPTiQN OF THE DRAWING in the drawings, wherein like reference characters denote elements throughout the several views;
FlG. 1A is a schematic diagram of a cross-section view of a preferred embodiment of the single heiix ehiraS fiber grating of the present invention;
FIG. 1 B is a schematic diagram of a side view of the siπgie helix chiral fiber grating structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of a cross-section view of a first exempiary embodiment of the single heiix chirai fiber grating of the present invention;
FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of a cross-section view of a second exempiary embodiment of the single heiix chirai fiber grating of the present invention;
FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram of a cross-section view of a third exempiary embodiment of the single heiix chirai fiber grating of the present invention;
FIG. 2D is a schematic diagram of a cross-section view of a first exempiary embodiment of a hybrid single and double heiix chirai fiber grating of the present invention;
FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of a cross-section view of a fourth exempiary embodiment of the singie helix chirai fiber grating of the present invention:
FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of a cross-section view of a fifth exemplary embodiment of the single heisx chirai fiber grating of the present invention; and
FIG. 3C is a schematic diagram of a cross-section view of a first exemplary embodiment of a hybrid single and double helix chiral fiber grating of the present invention.
DETAtLED DESCRtPTiON OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present invention is directed to an advantageous fiber grating for rβfSβcting, scattering or polarizing an optica! signal, or for forming a fiber laser feedback structure, implemented as a single helix structure. The above- incorporated GhiraS Fiber Patents describe the single helix structure as a chirai fiber structure having a period that is equal to the pitch, resulting in a mismatch between the orientation of the electric fieid of circularly poiarized light passing through the structure anά the symmetry of the singie heiix. Whiie single heiix fiber gratings are not polarization sensitive, they offer a number of advantages, such as sensitivity to changes in temperature and pressure, in addition, in an aiternate embodiment of the present invention, a hybrid chirai fiber grating may be provided that combines certain single and double heiix properties.
In summary, in the various embodiments of the present invention, the desired singie helix grating configuration is achieved by ensuring that a fiber preform is asymmetrical about its centra! iongitudinal axis prior to twisting the preform to produce the desired singie heiix chirai fiber grating. This is advantageously accomplished by utilizing a fiber preform having a core shaped or positioned to be asymmetrical about preform's central longitudinai axis, in certain embodiments of the present invention (FiGs. 2A to 2C)1 the core may comprise a singie asymmetrical element, while in other embodiments of the present invention (FIGs. 3A and 3B), the core may comprise two or more different (in composition, shape, and or size) proximal parallel elements. In the case of each type of embodiment, twisting of the
preform having an asymmetrical core produces the desired single helix fiber grating.
In an alternate embodiment of the present invention, a hybrid singie helix structure with certain double-heϋx properties may be produced by utilizing a fiber preform that has a 180 degree symmetrica! core, that is also asyrnrnetricaϋy offset from its longitudinal axis (FiGs. 2D and 3C). Such a hybrid chiral fiber grating has a spectra! polarization response profile that includes, over certain wavelengths of light, spectra! regions of polarization insensitivity, as we!! as spectral regions of polarization sensitivity. Referring now to FiGs. 1A &nά 18, a single helix chirai fiber grating 10 may be achieved by twisting a fiber 8, that has an asymmetrical refractive index distribution with respect to its centra! longitudinal axis 12. In essence, introduction of any physical difference in one longitudinal core portion of the fiber 8 (e.g., in a portion 13) that is not mirrored on its diametricaϋy opposite side (e.g. in a portion 14), and then twisting the fiber 8, would readily accomplish the objective of creating a single helix chiral fiber structure 10. As shown in FIG. 1 B, this approach results in a chiral fiber grating 10 having single helix refractive index modulation in the fiber, comprising a core 16, surrounded by a ciadding 18. Thus, the desired asymmetry may be implemented utilizing any number of approaches, some of which, by way of example are shown in FIGs. 2A to 3C and described below.
Various advantageous techniques for fabrication of a chiral fiber grating via twisting are disciosed in commonSy assigned co-pending U.S. Patent Applications entitled "Apparatus and Method for Manufacturing Periodic
Grating Optical Fibers1'. "Apparatus and Method of Manufacturing ChiraS Fiber Bragg Gratings", and "Apparatus and Method for Manufacturing Heiicai Fiber Bragg Gratings", which are all incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. Advantageously, the above-incorporated fabrication techniques may be readiiy used to create any form of a fiber grating, for example of a fiber Bragg grating, or of a Song period grating configuration.
Referring now to FiG. 2A1 a first exemplary embodiment of a single helix chiral fiber grating is shown as a chiral fiber grating 20a, having a core 22a and a ciadding 26a. The desired asymmetry is achieved by offsetting the core 22a from fiber's longitudina! axis 24a.
Referring now to FiGs. 28 and 2C, a second exemplary embodiment of a single heiix chira! fiber grating is shown as a chiral fiber grating 2Ob1 having a core 22b and a cladding 26b. The desired asymmetry is achieved by introducing &n element into a region 28b of the core 22b that is not mirrored on the other side of the fiber's longitudinal axis 24b, This eiement can be any change in, modification of, or addition to, the physical structure including shape or matehai of the core 22b. For exampSe, referring now to FiG, 2C1 the element is a groove 28c in the core 22c.
Referring now to FIG. 2D1 a first exemplary embodiment of a hybrid single and double helix chiral fiber grating is shown as a hybrid chira! fiber grating 2Od, having a core 22d and a ciadding 26d. To achieve single heiix properties, the desired asymmetry is achieved by offsetting the core 22d from the fiber's longitudinal axis 24d, However, because the core 22d itself has a
180 degree symmetry, as a resuit of twisting certain double heiix properties
are introduced into the hybrid chiral fiber grating 2OcI, The combination of single and double helix properties in the hybrid chiral fiber 2Od, results in a spectral polarization response profiSe that includes, over certain wavelengths of light, spectra! regions of polarization sensitivity, as weii as spectrai regions of polarization insensitivity,
In addition to utilizing an asymmetrical core, the desired single helix staicture can also be accomplished by utilizing two or more core elements arranged along a longitudinal axis of the fiber in such a manner as to ensure lack of cross-sectional mirror symmetry, and then twisting the fiber as noted above.
Referring now to FIGs. 3A and 3B, by way of example this may be accomplished by twisting two fiber cores 32a and 34a of different materia! properties around a central longitudinal axis 36a, or by twisting a fiber having two cores 32b and 34b of different shapes or sizes around the fibers centra! longitudinal axis 36b, Optionally, rather than, or in addition to, using a larger core 34b, two or more cores can be used to ensure lack of symmetry with respect to the core 32 b.
Referring now to FIG, 3C, a second exemplary embodiment of a hybrid single and double helix chira! fiber grating is shown as a hybrid chiral fiber grating 30c, having proximal parallel fiber cores 32c and 34c, a cladding 38c, and a longitudinal axis 36c. To achieve single helix properties, the desired asymmetry is achieved by offsetting the cores 32c, 34c from the fiber grating's longitudinal axis 38c. However, because the cores 32c, 34c together have a
180 degree symmetry, as a resuft of twisting certain double heiix properties are introduced into the hybrid chiral fiber grating 30c. The combination of single and double helix properties in the hybrid chiral fiber 30c results in a spectral poiarization response profiie that includes, over certain wavelengths of light, spectral regions of polarization sensitivity, as vvei! as spectra! regions of polarization insensitivity.
It should be noted that other techniques may be readily utilized for achieving asymmetry of the chiral fiber core prior to twisting it to produce the desired single helix structure without departing from the spirit of the invention, For example, two or more of the above-described embodiments may be combined with one another.
Thus, while there have been shown and described and pointed out fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details of the devices and methods illustrated, and in their operation, may be made by those skiiled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, it is expressly intended that ali combinations of those elements and/or method steps which perform substantially the same function in substantially the same way to achieve the same results are within the scope of the invention. It is the intention, therefore, to be limited oniy as indicated by the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Claims
We Claim;
1 , A fiber grating having a fiber core and a centra! longitudinal axis, comprising;
an optical chiral fiber having refractive index modulation along the central longitudinal axis of a single helix symmetry, wherein said optica! chiral fiber comprises a helical pitch and a period, wherein said heiicai pitch is substantially equal to said period.
2. The fiber grating of claim 1 , wherein said optica! chiral fiber comprises a modification causing said optical chirai fiber to be asymmetrical with respect to the centra! longitudinal axis, said fiber being twisted aiong the central longitudinal axis to produce said single helix refractive Index modulation.
3. The fiber grating of cialm 2 wherein said modification comprises at least one of; a positional offset of said fiber core from the central longitudinal axis; a change in at least one region of said fiber core that Is not mirrored on a corresponding opposing, across the central longitudinal axis, region of said fiber core.
4. The fiber grating of claim 2 wherein said fiber core comprises a plurality of cores, and wherein said pluraS cores are asymmetricaSiy positioned about the central longitudinal axis.
5. The fiber grating of claim 2 wherein said fiber core composes a plurality of cores, and wherein at least one of said plura! cores is composed of a different materia! from said remaining plural cores.
6. The fiber grating of claim 2 wherein said fiber core composes a plurality of cores, and wherein at least one of said plural cores is sized differently from said remaining plural cores.
7, The fiber grating of claim 2, wherein said fiber core comprises
180 degree cross-sectional symmetry, and wherein said modification comprises a positional offset of said symmetrical fiber core from the centra! longitudinal axis, such that said singie helix refractive index modulation comprises predetermined double helix refractive index modulation properties.
8. The fiber grating of claim 7, wherein said single helix refractive index modulation comprises a spectra! polarization response profile, and wherein said predetermined double helix refractive index modulation properties comprise at least one spectra! region of polarization sensitivity in said spectra! polarization response profile,
9. The fiber grating of claim 7, wherein said symmetrica! fiber core comprises an elongated cross-section having said 180 degree cross-sectiona! symmetry.
5 10. The fiber grating of claim 7, wherein said symmetrica! fiber core comprises a piυrality of cores, said plural cores together having said 180 degree cross-sectional symmetry.
H)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US64612906A | 2006-12-27 | 2006-12-27 | |
| US11/646,129 | 2006-12-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2008080174A1 true WO2008080174A1 (en) | 2008-07-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2007/088993 WO2008080174A1 (en) | 2006-12-27 | 2007-12-27 | Single helix chiral fiber grating |
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| Country | Link |
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| WO (1) | WO2008080174A1 (en) |
Cited By (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2690421A3 (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2014-03-12 | J-Fiber GmbH | Sensor fibre for temperature, expansion and/or torsion detection in the form of a multi-core optical fibre with a fibre Bragg grating structure |
| US9766407B2 (en) | 2008-07-14 | 2017-09-19 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Untappable secure optical fiber link component |
| US9810845B2 (en) | 2015-09-22 | 2017-11-07 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Flexible optical fiber array |
| US9817191B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2017-11-14 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Multichannel optical coupler array |
| US9851510B2 (en) | 2008-07-14 | 2017-12-26 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Phase locking optical fiber coupler |
| US9857536B2 (en) | 2008-07-14 | 2018-01-02 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Optical component assembly for use with an optical device |
| US9885825B2 (en) | 2016-04-18 | 2018-02-06 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Pitch reducing optical fiber array and multicore fiber comprising at least one chiral fiber grating |
| US9921355B2 (en) | 2010-05-28 | 2018-03-20 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Chiral fiber apparatus and method for controllable light extraction from optical waveguides |
| US9983362B2 (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2018-05-29 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | High density optical packaging header apparatus |
| US10078019B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2018-09-18 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Configurable chiral fiber tip-positioned sensor |
| US10101536B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2018-10-16 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Multichannel optical coupler array |
| US10126494B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2018-11-13 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Configurable polarization mode coupler |
| US10197736B2 (en) | 2015-12-09 | 2019-02-05 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Polarization maintaining optical fiber array |
| US10353227B2 (en) | 2008-06-26 | 2019-07-16 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Optical chiral fiber isolator and method of fabrication thereof |
| US10481324B2 (en) | 2008-12-18 | 2019-11-19 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Fiber optic diffraction grating |
| US10502898B2 (en) | 2011-01-20 | 2019-12-10 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Chiral fiber circular polarizer |
| US10564360B2 (en) | 2008-07-14 | 2020-02-18 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Optimized configurable pitch reducing optical fiber coupler array |
| US10564348B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2020-02-18 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Passive aligning optical coupler array |
| US10838155B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2020-11-17 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Multichannel optical coupler |
| US10914891B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2021-02-09 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Multichannel optical coupler |
| US11022762B2 (en) | 2019-08-05 | 2021-06-01 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Optical fiber connectors for rotational alignment |
| US11156781B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2021-10-26 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Passive aligning optical coupler array |
| US11609376B2 (en) | 2020-02-24 | 2023-03-21 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Space division multiplexers |
| US11966091B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2024-04-23 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Multichannel optical coupler array |
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| US6839486B2 (en) * | 2001-03-14 | 2005-01-04 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Chiral fiber grating |
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Cited By (26)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10353227B2 (en) | 2008-06-26 | 2019-07-16 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Optical chiral fiber isolator and method of fabrication thereof |
| US9766407B2 (en) | 2008-07-14 | 2017-09-19 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Untappable secure optical fiber link component |
| US10564360B2 (en) | 2008-07-14 | 2020-02-18 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Optimized configurable pitch reducing optical fiber coupler array |
| US9851510B2 (en) | 2008-07-14 | 2017-12-26 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Phase locking optical fiber coupler |
| US9857536B2 (en) | 2008-07-14 | 2018-01-02 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Optical component assembly for use with an optical device |
| US10481324B2 (en) | 2008-12-18 | 2019-11-19 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Fiber optic diffraction grating |
| US9921355B2 (en) | 2010-05-28 | 2018-03-20 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Chiral fiber apparatus and method for controllable light extraction from optical waveguides |
| US10502898B2 (en) | 2011-01-20 | 2019-12-10 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Chiral fiber circular polarizer |
| US9983362B2 (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2018-05-29 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | High density optical packaging header apparatus |
| US10078019B2 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2018-09-18 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Configurable chiral fiber tip-positioned sensor |
| DE102012106806B4 (en) | 2012-07-26 | 2022-07-28 | J-Fiber Gmbh | Sensor fiber for temperature, strain and/or torsion detection in the form of a multi-core optical waveguide with a fiber Bragg grating structure |
| EP2690421A3 (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2014-03-12 | J-Fiber GmbH | Sensor fibre for temperature, expansion and/or torsion detection in the form of a multi-core optical fibre with a fibre Bragg grating structure |
| US9817191B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2017-11-14 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Multichannel optical coupler array |
| US11966091B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2024-04-23 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Multichannel optical coupler array |
| US10126494B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2018-11-13 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Configurable polarization mode coupler |
| US11156781B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2021-10-26 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Passive aligning optical coupler array |
| US10564348B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2020-02-18 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Passive aligning optical coupler array |
| US10101536B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2018-10-16 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Multichannel optical coupler array |
| US10838155B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2020-11-17 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Multichannel optical coupler |
| US10914891B2 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2021-02-09 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Multichannel optical coupler |
| US9810845B2 (en) | 2015-09-22 | 2017-11-07 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Flexible optical fiber array |
| US10761271B2 (en) | 2015-12-09 | 2020-09-01 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Polarization maintaining optical fiber array |
| US10197736B2 (en) | 2015-12-09 | 2019-02-05 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Polarization maintaining optical fiber array |
| US9885825B2 (en) | 2016-04-18 | 2018-02-06 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Pitch reducing optical fiber array and multicore fiber comprising at least one chiral fiber grating |
| US11022762B2 (en) | 2019-08-05 | 2021-06-01 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Optical fiber connectors for rotational alignment |
| US11609376B2 (en) | 2020-02-24 | 2023-03-21 | Chiral Photonics, Inc. | Space division multiplexers |
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