WO2008077462A3 - Process and plant for the thermal treatment of particulate solids, in particular for producing metal oxide from metal hydroxide - Google Patents

Process and plant for the thermal treatment of particulate solids, in particular for producing metal oxide from metal hydroxide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008077462A3
WO2008077462A3 PCT/EP2007/010680 EP2007010680W WO2008077462A3 WO 2008077462 A3 WO2008077462 A3 WO 2008077462A3 EP 2007010680 W EP2007010680 W EP 2007010680W WO 2008077462 A3 WO2008077462 A3 WO 2008077462A3
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
metal hydroxide
metal oxide
plant
thermal treatment
fluidized
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/010680
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2008077462A2 (en
Inventor
Michael Stroeder
Werner Stockhausen
Michael Missalla
Guenter Schneider
Original Assignee
Outotec Oyj
Michael Stroeder
Werner Stockhausen
Michael Missalla
Guenter Schneider
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to UAA200907651A priority Critical patent/UA100498C2/en
Application filed by Outotec Oyj, Michael Stroeder, Werner Stockhausen, Michael Missalla, Guenter Schneider filed Critical Outotec Oyj
Priority to EA200900866A priority patent/EA016147B1/en
Priority to BRPI0722087-1A priority patent/BRPI0722087B1/en
Priority to AU2007338485A priority patent/AU2007338485B2/en
Publication of WO2008077462A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008077462A2/en
Publication of WO2008077462A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008077462A3/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F23L7/007—Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/26—Nozzle-type reactors, i.e. the distribution of the initial reactants within the reactor is effected by their introduction or injection through nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
    • B01J4/001—Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes
    • B01J4/002—Nozzle-type elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/005—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream
    • B01J8/0055—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream using cyclones
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/005—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream
    • B01J8/006—Separating solid material from the gas/liquid stream by filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/1809—Controlling processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/1818—Feeding of the fluidising gas
    • B01J8/1827—Feeding of the fluidising gas the fluidising gas being a reactant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/1872—Details of the fluidised bed reactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
    • B01J8/44—Fluidisation grids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
    • C01B13/14—Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general
    • C01B13/18—Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general by thermal decomposition of compounds, e.g. of salts or hydroxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
    • C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
    • C01F7/44—Dehydration of aluminium oxide or hydroxide, i.e. all conversions of one form into another involving a loss of water
    • C01F7/441—Dehydration of aluminium oxide or hydroxide, i.e. all conversions of one form into another involving a loss of water by calcination
    • C01F7/445—Dehydration of aluminium oxide or hydroxide, i.e. all conversions of one form into another involving a loss of water by calcination making use of a fluidised bed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/02—Roasting processes
    • C22B1/10—Roasting processes in fluidised form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
    • F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
    • F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00115—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements inside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00141—Coils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00477—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means
    • B01J2208/00495—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means using insulating materials or refractories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00504—Controlling the temperature by means of a burner
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/0053—Controlling multiple zones along the direction of flow, e.g. pre-heating and after-cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00548—Flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00654—Controlling the process by measures relating to the particulate material
    • B01J2208/0069—Attrition
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
    • B01J2219/00004—Scale aspects
    • B01J2219/00006—Large-scale industrial plants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)

Abstract

This invention relates to a process for producing e.g. anhydrous metal oxide from metal hydroxide, wherein the metal hydroxide is at least partly dehydrated and preheated, before the metal hydroxide is introduced into a fluidized-bed reactor (19), in which the metal hydroxide is heated to a temperature of about 650 to about 1250°C by combustion of fuel, and metal oxide is generated, wherein primary air and/or secondary air enriched with oxygen is supplied to the fluidized-bed reactor (19). To achieve a rather low dust emission and a small amount of grain disintegration, the oxygen or the gas enriched with oxygen is introduced into the fluidized-bed reactor (19) with a low gas velocity.
PCT/EP2007/010680 2006-12-22 2007-12-07 Process and plant for the thermal treatment of particulate solids, in particular for producing metal oxide from metal hydroxide WO2008077462A2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
UAA200907651A UA100498C2 (en) 2006-12-22 2007-07-12 Process and device for thermal treatment of ground hard particles from metal oxide
EA200900866A EA016147B1 (en) 2006-12-22 2007-12-07 Process and plant for the thermal treatment of particulate solids, in particular for producing metal oxide from metal hydroxide
BRPI0722087-1A BRPI0722087B1 (en) 2006-12-22 2007-12-07 PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR THE THERMAL TREATMENT OF SOLIDS IN PARTICLES, IN PARTICULAR FOR THE PRODUCTION OF METAL OXIDE FROM METAL HYDROXIDE
AU2007338485A AU2007338485B2 (en) 2006-12-22 2007-12-07 Process and plant for the thermal treatment of particulate solids, in particular for producing metal oxide from metal hydroxide

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006062151A DE102006062151A1 (en) 2006-12-22 2006-12-22 Process and plant for the heat treatment of particulate solids, in particular for the production of metal oxide from metal hydroxide
DE102006062151.4 2006-12-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008077462A2 WO2008077462A2 (en) 2008-07-03
WO2008077462A3 true WO2008077462A3 (en) 2008-09-18

Family

ID=39111771

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2007/010680 WO2008077462A2 (en) 2006-12-22 2007-12-07 Process and plant for the thermal treatment of particulate solids, in particular for producing metal oxide from metal hydroxide

Country Status (6)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2007338485B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0722087B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102006062151A1 (en)
EA (1) EA016147B1 (en)
UA (1) UA100498C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2008077462A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015086061A1 (en) * 2013-12-11 2015-06-18 Outotec (Finland) Oy Arsenic removal from minerals
DE102015108722A1 (en) * 2015-06-02 2016-12-08 Outotec (Finland) Oy Process and plant for the thermal treatment of granular solids

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1101199A (en) * 1966-11-01 1968-01-31 Texaco Development Corp Ore reduction
US3928021A (en) * 1970-12-28 1975-12-23 Nippon Kokan Kk Process of reducing iron ores
WO1990012253A1 (en) * 1989-04-13 1990-10-18 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Method and apparatus for recovering heat from solid material separated from gasification or combustion processes
WO1997018165A1 (en) * 1995-11-14 1997-05-22 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Process for producing aluminium oxide from aluminium hydroxide
WO2001003823A1 (en) * 1999-07-13 2001-01-18 The Standard Oil Company Sparger for oxygen injection into a fluid bed reactor
WO2004056462A1 (en) * 2002-12-23 2004-07-08 Outokumpu Technology Oy Method and plant for the conveyance of fine-grained solids
WO2004056701A1 (en) * 2002-12-23 2004-07-08 Outokumpu Technology Oy Process and plant for producing metal oxide from metal compounds
WO2005119126A1 (en) * 2004-05-28 2005-12-15 Alstom Technology Ltd Fluid bed device with oxygen-enriched combustion agent

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2805906C2 (en) * 1978-02-13 1986-08-14 Aluminium Pechiney, Lyon Process for the thermal cracking of aluminum chloride hydrate

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1101199A (en) * 1966-11-01 1968-01-31 Texaco Development Corp Ore reduction
US3928021A (en) * 1970-12-28 1975-12-23 Nippon Kokan Kk Process of reducing iron ores
WO1990012253A1 (en) * 1989-04-13 1990-10-18 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Method and apparatus for recovering heat from solid material separated from gasification or combustion processes
WO1997018165A1 (en) * 1995-11-14 1997-05-22 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Process for producing aluminium oxide from aluminium hydroxide
WO2001003823A1 (en) * 1999-07-13 2001-01-18 The Standard Oil Company Sparger for oxygen injection into a fluid bed reactor
WO2004056462A1 (en) * 2002-12-23 2004-07-08 Outokumpu Technology Oy Method and plant for the conveyance of fine-grained solids
WO2004056701A1 (en) * 2002-12-23 2004-07-08 Outokumpu Technology Oy Process and plant for producing metal oxide from metal compounds
WO2005119126A1 (en) * 2004-05-28 2005-12-15 Alstom Technology Ltd Fluid bed device with oxygen-enriched combustion agent

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EA200900866A1 (en) 2009-10-30
BRPI0722087B1 (en) 2017-09-12
UA100498C2 (en) 2013-01-10
AU2007338485A1 (en) 2008-07-03
EA016147B1 (en) 2012-02-28
DE102006062151A1 (en) 2008-06-26
WO2008077462A2 (en) 2008-07-03
BRPI0722087A2 (en) 2014-04-01
AU2007338485B2 (en) 2013-07-04

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