Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
  • F23C1/00—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air
  • F23C1/08—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air liquid and gaseous fuel
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
  • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
  • C03B5/235—Heating the glass
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
  • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
  • F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
  • F23C5/28—Disposition of burners to obtain flames in opposing directions, e.g. impacting flames
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
  • F23C2201/00—Staged combustion
  • F23C2201/10—Furnace staging
  • F23C2201/102—Furnace staging in horizontal direction
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
  • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
  • F23C2900/05081—Disposition of burners relative to each other creating specific heat patterns
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
  • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
  • Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process for melting a charge by means of combustion burners that burn liquid fuel and gaseous fuel.
• the choice of the nature of the fuel used depends on several parameters.
• the first parameter is the operating cost of the fuel used.
• Another parameter is the transfer of energy to the charge, a natural gas flame being known to be less emissive than a liquid fuel flame.
• Another parameter is the concentration of water vapor created by the combustion above the charge, which may have an influence on the quality of the product.
• the polluting emissions such as NO x or SO x must be taken into account, these generally being greater in the case of liquid fuel than in the case of natural gas.
• Hybrid operation using both types of fuel will make it possible to maximize the benefit of the advantages of each type of fuel and to limit their drawbacks.
• Many studies have thus recently addressed various methods for increasing the emissivity of a natural gas flame. For example, AJ. Faber and M. Van Kersbergen in Glass Technology Vol. 46, No. 2, April 2005 have shown that the emissivity of a natural gas flame could be increased in the visible and near-infrared range either by adding a small amount of diesel or by injecting gases conducive to the formation of soot, such as propylene or acetylene. However, the amount of diesel injected remains less than 20% of the total flow of fuel.
• One purpose of the present invention is to find a solution to this lack of flexibility of current hybrid oxy-fuel systems.
• the invention relates to a process for melting a charge by means of oxy-fuel combustion burners in a furnace that includes at least one upstream flue gas outlet, in which furnace, in the charge melting zone:
• At least one of the burners placed far from the upstream flue gas outlet burns a gaseous fuel.
• - figure 1 is a schematic view of a furnace in which the process according to the invention is carried out;
• - figure 2 is an alternative method of implementing the process according to the invention.
• FIG. 3 is another alternative way of implementing the process according to the invention.
• the process according to the invention involves heating a charge by means of oxy-fuel combustion burners, that is to say burners using an oxidant consisting of an oxygen-rich gas.
• oxygen-rich gas is understood to mean a gas having an oxygen content of greater than 70%.
• the process is implemented in a furnace comprising at least one combustion flue gas outlet in the upstream part of the furnace.
• upstream is understood to mean that part of the furnace in which the charge to be heated is introduced and the term “downstream” is understood to mean that part of the furnace in which the heated charge is discharged.
• the flue gas outlet may be located at the end of the furnace or on one of its lateral sides.
• the upstream flue gas outlet is located in the first quarter of the length of the furnace.
• the upstream flue gas outlet or outlets are preferably located on one or more lateral sides of the furnace.
• the furnace may include one or more upstream flue gas outlets. In the case of several flue gas outlets, these may be placed at the same height over the length of the furnace or may be staggered.
• the principle of how the burners according to the invention are arranged applies relative to all the upstream outlets.
• the process of the invention relates to placement of the oxy-fuel burners in the furnace according to the nature of the fuel that they burn. Thus, in the melting zone of the furnace:
• burners placed close to the upstream flue gas outlet burn a liquid fuel.
• the expression "burners placed close to an element or a zone" of the furnace is understood to mean burners that are less than 4 m from said element or from said zone.
• "burners placed close to an element or a zone” are considered to be burners placed less than 8 m from said element or said zone.
• the skilled person will typically choose 4 or 8 m in function of the total length of the furnace; and
• burners placed far from an element or a zone is understood to mean burners that are not placed close to said element or said zone, that is to say burners placed at least 4 m, or even at least 8 m, from said element or said zone, the selection being typically, as mentioned above, made in function of the total length of the furnace.
• the furnace comprises three zones: - the melting zone of the furnace, which is defined as the zone lying upstream of the line demarking the solid material from the molten material. In general, for melting glass, this melting zone extends over the upstream zone representing the first third to the first half of the furnace;
• the heating zone which is defined as the zone which is covered by the burner flames and which includes part of the melting zone and the zone lying directly downstream of the melting zone;
• the refining zone which is defined as the zone lying downstream of the heating zone and which is subjected to no heating.
• the burners placed closest to the refining zone may burn a liquid fuel. This variant makes it possible to reduce the water vapor concentration levels near the refining zone.
• the furnace includes at least one downstream flue gas outlet:
• At least one of the burners placed far from the downstream flue gas outlets burn a gaseous fuel.
• the downstream flue gas outlet is located in the last third of the length of the furnace.
• the process according to the invention applies preferentially to furnaces in which the charge is glass or enamel.
• the process of the invention applies in particular to glass furnaces having a length of at least 20 m, preferably at least 30 m.
• FIGS. 1 , 2 and 3 illustrate the device and the process according to the invention.
• the furnace 1 is fitted: - with chargers 2, for introducing the charge to be melted;
• the burners 41 , 42, 43, 44 placed close to the upstream flue gas outlet 3 burn a liquid fuel
• the burners 51 , 52, 53, 54 placed far from the upstream flue gas outlet 3 burn a gaseous fuel.
• furnace 1 is fitted:
• the burners 41 , 42, 43, 44 placed close to the upstream flue gas outlet 3 burn a liquid fuel
• the burners 51 , 52, 53 placed far from the upstream flue gas outlet 3 burn a gaseous fuel
• the burners 45 and 46 located near the refining zone 8 burn a liquid fuel.
• the furnace 1 is fitted:
• the burners 41 , 42, 43, 44 placed close to the upstream flue gas outlet 3 burn a liquid fuel
• the burners 51 , 52, 53 placed far from the upstream flue gas outlet 3 and far from the downstream flue gas outlet 7 burn a gaseous fuel
• the burners 45 and 46 located close to the downstream flue gas outlet 7 burn a liquid fuel.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
• Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
• Furnace Details (AREA)
• Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Citations (3)

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• 2006
  • 2006-12-20 FR FR0655735A patent/FR2910594B1/fr active Active
• 2007
  • 2007-12-17 WO PCT/EP2007/064078 patent/WO2008074780A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2007-12-17 EP EP07857708A patent/EP2095020A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2007-12-17 CN CN200780047043.3A patent/CN101636617B/zh active Active
  • 2007-12-17 JP JP2009542024A patent/JP5490541B2/ja active Active

Patent Citations (3)

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