WO2008070921A1 - A tamper indicating device - Google Patents

A tamper indicating device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008070921A1
WO2008070921A1 PCT/AU2007/001925 AU2007001925W WO2008070921A1 WO 2008070921 A1 WO2008070921 A1 WO 2008070921A1 AU 2007001925 W AU2007001925 W AU 2007001925W WO 2008070921 A1 WO2008070921 A1 WO 2008070921A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substrate
mark
materials
distinguishable
dye
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2007/001925
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Damon Joseph Ralph Pearce
John Rodney Warmington
Original Assignee
Prime Genetics Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2006906959A external-priority patent/AU2006906959A0/en
Application filed by Prime Genetics Ltd filed Critical Prime Genetics Ltd
Publication of WO2008070921A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008070921A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/324—Reliefs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
    • G07D7/12—Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
    • B41M3/14—Security printing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
    • B41M3/14—Security printing
    • B41M3/144—Security printing using fluorescent, luminescent or iridescent effects
    • B42D2035/34—
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/80—Paper comprising more than one coating
    • D21H19/82—Paper comprising more than one coating superposed

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tamper indicating device usable to facilitate detection of forgery or counterfeiting, and to a method of producing a device to facilitate detection of forgery or counterfeiting.
  • cheques can be forged in several ways including altering the payment amount or the name of the payee on the cheque . If the cheque has been printed through a printer using toner, the print can be scraped off or lifted with tape and replaced with new information.
  • the use of chemical solvents can be used to wash the ink from the cheque before altering the payment amount and/or payee name .
  • Toner Fuse is a treatment that is added to the surface of paper to promote better toner adhesion to the paper so that print is difficult to lift from the paper .
  • Safety Paper is a security paper that generally is coloured and has a pattern printed on it in a color slightly darker than the paper itself so that a copier or scanner cannot reproduce the pattern.
  • the pattern may be printed on the front and back of the paper.
  • Safety Paper also generally includes features able to show evidence of chemical or physical attempts to alter information on the paper. For example, in forgery attempts a bleach or solvent is sometimes used to wash the ink from an area of the surface of the document . The data is then altered in that area. However, Safety Paper contains chemicals which turn brown, blue or black when bleach or solvents are used on it. Any attempts to alter the document become easily detected.
  • the invention provides a tamper indicating device comprising: a) a substrate having a surface; b) a first material applied to the surface,- and c) a second material applied to the first material and arranged to receive the mark, wherein the second material Ts distinguishable from the first material such that during use when at least a portion of the mark is removed from the device at least a portion of the second material is also removed, thereby facilitating detection of at least a portion of the first material which indicates that the mark has been altered.
  • the first material is applied to the surface such that the first material is substantially not absorbed into the substrate .
  • the device may be arranged such that the bond strength between the first material and the substrate is greater than the bond strength between the first and second materials so that removal of the second material substantially does not remove the first material.
  • the first material is applied to the surface such that the first material is at least partially absorbed into the substrate.
  • the invention provides a method of producing a tamper indicating device for receiving a mark or other indicia, comprising the steps of: a) providing a substrate having a surface; b) applying a first material to the surface; and cj applying a second material to the first material; the second material being arranged to receive a mark, being distinguishable from the first material, and the first and second materials being arranged such that during use when a mark is applied to the second material and at least a portion of a mark is subsequently removed from the device, at least a portion of the second material is also removed, thereby facilitating detection of at least a portion of the first material which indicates that the mark has been altered.
  • one of the first and second materials is hydrophilic and/or the other of the first and second materials is hydrophobic.
  • the first and/or second materials may comprise a component which is hydrophobic or hydrophilic.
  • the first material may be substantially not distinguishable from the surface and/or second material by eye.
  • the first and/or second material may comprise a fluorescent dye, an ultra-violet dye, or an infra-red dye.
  • the substrate comprises paper, wood, plastic, or metal.
  • Figure 1 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of a tamper indicating device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of a tamper indicating device in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
  • TBe invention arises from the observation that toner can be readily removed from a surface by adhesive tape or scraping and is based on the discovery that when toner is bound to a fluorescent dye and toner is subsequently removed from the surface, the dye is also removed from the surface, thereby facilitating detection of forgery or counterfeiting of the device.
  • the invention provides a tamper indicating device 10 comprising a substrate 11, the substrate 11 comprising a surface 12 and a first material 14 applied to the surface 12 such that the first material 14 is at least partially absorbed into the substrate .
  • the substrate 11 may comprise any material desired to receive a mark or other indicia.
  • the substrate 11 may comprise paper, metal, glass, synthetic resin, plastic, rubber, and the like.
  • the substrate 11 may be a cash register or sales receipt, pharmaceutical prescription, lottery ticket, sweepstake award, contract, letter, deed, will, bill of exchange, certificate of deposit, etc.
  • the device 10 hereinafter is a personal cheque.
  • the first material 14 may be substantially uniformly disposed over the surface 12 or may be disposed in a pattern.
  • the first material 14 may comprise a water soluble dye and/or a hydrophobic dye, such as a fluorescent dye, an ultra-violet dye, and/or an infra-red dye .
  • the first material 14 comprises a fluorescent dye.
  • a fluorescent dye is an organic or inorganic material which emits light when irradiated with electromagnetic radiation, for example ultraviolet light.
  • a fluorescent dye may be water-based or solvent-based, including diami ' nosti ⁇ bene, coumarin, oxazol, pyrazoline, etc.
  • fluorescent pigment examples include sulphide pigment such as CaS:Bi, SrS: SM: Ce, ZnS:Ag, ZnS: Cu, ZnS: Cu: Co, and oxygen acid chloride such as Sr 5 (PO 4 ) 3 C1 : Eu, 3 (Ba,Mg) .8Al 2 O 3 : Eu, ZnO-.Zn, Zn 2 SiO 4 :Mn, Zn 2 GeO 4 :Mn, YVO 4 : Eu, Y 2 O 2 S: Eu, 0.5MgF 2 : 3.5MgO.
  • sulphide pigment such as CaS:Bi, SrS: SM: Ce, ZnS:Ag, ZnS: Cu, ZnS: Cu: Co
  • oxygen acid chloride such as Sr 5 (PO 4 ) 3 C1 : Eu, 3 (Ba,Mg) .8Al 2 O 3 : Eu, ZnO-.Zn, Zn 2 SiO 4 :M
  • GeO 2 :Mn GeO 2 :Mn
  • a fluorophore such as Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) , fluorescein, Molecular Probes' Alexa Fluor 488 dye, a BODIPY dye, BCECF, carboxy SNARF-I, a hydroxycoumarin (umbelliferone) , or an aminonaphthalene such as prodab, badan, or dansyl .
  • GFP Green Fluorescent Protein
  • BODIPY dye BODIPY dye
  • BCECF BCECF
  • carboxy SNARF-I a hydroxycoumarin
  • an aminonaphthalene such as prodab, badan, or dansyl
  • Any afterglowing pigment may also be used in the fluorescent dye .
  • colour pigments and dyes may be used in this embodiment of the invention.
  • long-afterglow (phosphorescent) pigments may be used which are excited solely or predominantly by UV radiations and which emit in the visible spectrum (as an overview see, for example,
  • IR-reactive luminescent pigments examples of systems featuring UV fluorescence are xanthenes, coumarins, naphthalimides, etc, sometime referred to in the literature under the rubic of "organic luminescent substances” or “optical brightners” . The addition of a few percent of the luminescent substance (s) in question is sufficient. Use may be made, for example, of formulations comprising RADGLO ® pigments from Radiant Color N. V. , the Netherlands, or Lumilux ® CD pigments from Reidel-de Haen.
  • Inorganic luminescent substances are also suitable; metal sulfides and metal oxides, generally in conjunction with appropriate activators, have proven favourable as long- afterglow substances.
  • These substances are available, for example, under the tradename Lumilux ® or, as pigments improved with respect to stability, luminosity, and duration of afterglow, under the tradename LumiNova ® from Nemoto, Japan.
  • An antifade reagent such as Molecular Probes' SlowFa.de and Prolong products can also be used to reduce photobleaching .
  • first material 14 such as a fluorescent material
  • onto the surface 12, such as onto paper may be done during a typical paper-making process by incorporating 0.001% to 50% of fluorescent dye or pigment, preferably 0.01 to 25%, more preferably 0.1 to 7%, into an ink.
  • Printing inks containing a high fraction of luminescent pigments are applied preferably by screen printing so as to give film thicknesses in the range of about 0.5 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 2 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the device 10 also comprises a second material 16 applied to the first material 14 and which is distinguishable from the first material 14. During use, the second material 16 receives marks 18.
  • the second material 16 may comprise a particulate emulsion and/or a hydrophilic dye, such as a fluorescent dye, an ultraviolet dye, a near-infrared dye and/or an infrared dye .
  • a hydrophilic dye such as a fluorescent dye, an ultraviolet dye, a near-infrared dye and/or an infrared dye .
  • first and second materials 14, 16 may be hydrophobic or may comprise a hydrophobic component and the other of the first and second materials 14, 16 may be hydrophilic or may comprise a hydrophilic component. The effect of this is to encourage the boundary between the first and second materials to be sharp by discouraging diffusion of the second material 16 into the substrate/first material layer.
  • the first 14 and second 16 materials have similar excitation wavelengths but different emission wavelengths, with the first and second materials 14, 16 being chosen such that when excited with appropriate electromagnetic radiation, a high contrast to the eye is achieved between the first and second materials 14, 16.
  • the first 14 and second 16 materials emit light of very specific frequencies. Therefore, even if a forger attempts to replace the portion of the second material 16 which is removed when a mark 18 is removed, they may not be able to duplicate the specific frequency of the original second material 16.
  • first 14 and second 16 materials may be printed with an ink including the fluorescer.
  • the device 10 may also comprise marks 18. These marks 18 may be images applied by a laser printer, ink jet printer, or by hand writing. Where the image is applied by a laser printer the marks 18 will comprise toner. Where the image is applied by an ink jet printer or hand writing the marks 18 will comprise ink.
  • the marks 18 may be the payment amount, the payee's name, and/or the payor's signature.
  • the distinction between the first and second materials 14, 16 is not detectable by the human eye.
  • the distinction between the first material 14 and the second material 16 may be determined by, for example, illumination of the device 10 with electromagnetic radiation, such as ultraviolet radiation - S -
  • illumination of device 10 with exciting light results in emitted light substantially from the second material 16.
  • illumination of device 10 with exciting light results in emitted light from the first material 14 in the area where the marks 18 have been removed.
  • the device 10 may be arranged such that the strength of the bond between the marks 18 and the second material 16 is greater than the strength of bond between the second material 16 and the first material 14.
  • FIG. 2 An alternative embodiment of a tamper indicating device 30 is shown in Figure 2. Like and similar features are indicated with like reference numerals .
  • the device 30 is similar to the device 10 shown in Figure 1 except that the fist material 14 is applied to the substrate 11 but substantially does not diffuse into the substrate 11.
  • the first and second materials form substantially distinct first and second layers .
  • the first and second materials 14, 16 and the substrate 11 are arranged such that the bond strength between the first material 14 and the substrate 11 is greater than the bond strength between the first and second layers so that removal of part of the second material 16 during tampering substantially does not remove the first material 14.
  • Sophisticated scanners are capable of detecting minor alterations to the light emission signatures of chemicals by detecting minor alterations to the signatures, in particular by detecting the frequencies of light emitted by the chemicals in response to exciting radiation. Such scanners may be used to automatically detect device alteration.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A tamper indicating device (10) is disclosed which comprises a substrate (11) having a surface (12), a first material (14) applied to the surface, and a second material (16) applied to the first material (14) and arranged to receive the mark (18). The second material (16) is distinguishable from the first material (14) such that during use when at least a portion of the mark (18) is removed from the device at least a portion of the second material (16) is also removed, thereby facilitating detection of at least a portion of the first material (14) which indicates that the mark (18) has been altered. The first material may be at least partially absorbed into the substrate or may be disposed above the sunstrate, such as in a layer.

Description

A TAMPER INDICATING DEVICE
FIELD
The present invention relates to a tamper indicating device usable to facilitate detection of forgery or counterfeiting, and to a method of producing a device to facilitate detection of forgery or counterfeiting.
BACKGROUND
Forgery and counterfeiting of devices, such as documents, is becoming easier than ever before with the advancements being made in the technology of computers, scanners, printers and copiers . The problem does not only exist with forgery or counterfeiting of cheques but also with other documents that have dollar value or data value associated with them, such as cash register or sales receipts, pharmaceutical prescriptions, lottery tickets, sweepstake awards, contracts, letters, deeds, wills, bills of exchange, certificates of deposit, etc.
For example, cheques can be forged in several ways including altering the payment amount or the name of the payee on the cheque . If the cheque has been printed through a printer using toner, the print can be scraped off or lifted with tape and replaced with new information.
Alternatively, if the cheque has been handwritten, the use of chemical solvents can be used to wash the ink from the cheque before altering the payment amount and/or payee name .
Forgery of negotiable or confidential documents can cause major problems for a company or an individual and consequently there are a number of options available for protecting documents. Some of these are overt (visible) features and some are covert (invisible) features.
For example, Toner Fuse is a treatment that is added to the surface of paper to promote better toner adhesion to the paper so that print is difficult to lift from the paper .
Safety Paper is a security paper that generally is coloured and has a pattern printed on it in a color slightly darker than the paper itself so that a copier or scanner cannot reproduce the pattern. The pattern may be printed on the front and back of the paper.
Safety Paper also generally includes features able to show evidence of chemical or physical attempts to alter information on the paper. For example, in forgery attempts a bleach or solvent is sometimes used to wash the ink from an area of the surface of the document . The data is then altered in that area. However, Safety Paper contains chemicals which turn brown, blue or black when bleach or solvents are used on it. Any attempts to alter the document become easily detected.
However, current techniques of providing anti-forgery and/or anti-counterfeit substrates are ineffective and/or complicated and/or expensive to produce. Thus a need exists for a substrate which at least offers an alternative to the current anti-forgery and/or anti- counterfeit substrates.
SUMMARY
Accordingly, in a first aspect the invention provides a tamper indicating device comprising: a) a substrate having a surface; b) a first material applied to the surface,- and c) a second material applied to the first material and arranged to receive the mark, wherein the second material Ts distinguishable from the first material such that during use when at least a portion of the mark is removed from the device at least a portion of the second material is also removed, thereby facilitating detection of at least a portion of the first material which indicates that the mark has been altered.
It will be understood that by providing such distinguishable first and second materials it is possible to provide a high contrast indication that a mark adhered to the second material has been altered.
In one embodiment, the first material is applied to the surface such that the first material is substantially not absorbed into the substrate .
With this embodiment, the device may be arranged such that the bond strength between the first material and the substrate is greater than the bond strength between the first and second materials so that removal of the second material substantially does not remove the first material.
In an alternative embodiment, the first material is applied to the surface such that the first material is at least partially absorbed into the substrate.
It will also be appreciated that by at least partially absorbing the first material into the substrate, a device is provided wherein the likelihood of removal of the first material during alteration of the mark is minimized and a readily discernible indication is thereby ensured.
In a second aspect the invention provides a method of producing a tamper indicating device for receiving a mark or other indicia, comprising the steps of: a) providing a substrate having a surface; b) applying a first material to the surface; and cj applying a second material to the first material; the second material being arranged to receive a mark, being distinguishable from the first material, and the first and second materials being arranged such that during use when a mark is applied to the second material and at least a portion of a mark is subsequently removed from the device, at least a portion of the second material is also removed, thereby facilitating detection of at least a portion of the first material which indicates that the mark has been altered.
In some embodiments one of the first and second materials is hydrophilic and/or the other of the first and second materials is hydrophobic. The first and/or second materials may comprise a component which is hydrophobic or hydrophilic.
The first material may be substantially not distinguishable from the surface and/or second material by eye. The first and/or second material may comprise a fluorescent dye, an ultra-violet dye, or an infra-red dye.
In some embodiments the substrate comprises paper, wood, plastic, or metal.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of a tamper indicating device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; and
Figure 2 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of a tamper indicating device in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
TBe invention arises from the observation that toner can be readily removed from a surface by adhesive tape or scraping and is based on the discovery that when toner is bound to a fluorescent dye and toner is subsequently removed from the surface, the dye is also removed from the surface, thereby facilitating detection of forgery or counterfeiting of the device.
As shown in Figure 1, in one embodiment the invention provides a tamper indicating device 10 comprising a substrate 11, the substrate 11 comprising a surface 12 and a first material 14 applied to the surface 12 such that the first material 14 is at least partially absorbed into the substrate .
The substrate 11 may comprise any material desired to receive a mark or other indicia. For example, the substrate 11 may comprise paper, metal, glass, synthetic resin, plastic, rubber, and the like. Where the substrate 11 comprises paper, it may be a cash register or sales receipt, pharmaceutical prescription, lottery ticket, sweepstake award, contract, letter, deed, will, bill of exchange, certificate of deposit, etc. For illustrative purposes the device 10 hereinafter is a personal cheque.
The first material 14 may be substantially uniformly disposed over the surface 12 or may be disposed in a pattern. The first material 14 may comprise a water soluble dye and/or a hydrophobic dye, such as a fluorescent dye, an ultra-violet dye, and/or an infra-red dye .
In some embodiments the first material 14 comprises a fluorescent dye. A fluorescent dye is an organic or inorganic material which emits light when irradiated with electromagnetic radiation, for example ultraviolet light. A fluorescent dye may be water-based or solvent-based, including diami'nostiϊbene, coumarin, oxazol, pyrazoline, etc. Examples of fluorescent pigment that can be used as the fluorescer include sulphide pigment such as CaS:Bi, SrS: SM: Ce, ZnS:Ag, ZnS: Cu, ZnS: Cu: Co, and oxygen acid chloride such as Sr5 (PO4) 3C1 : Eu, 3 (Ba,Mg) .8Al2O3 : Eu, ZnO-.Zn, Zn2SiO4 :Mn, Zn2GeO4 :Mn, YVO4: Eu, Y2O2S: Eu, 0.5MgF2 : 3.5MgO. GeO2 :Mn, or a fluorophore such as Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) , fluorescein, Molecular Probes' Alexa Fluor 488 dye, a BODIPY dye, BCECF, carboxy SNARF-I, a hydroxycoumarin (umbelliferone) , or an aminonaphthalene such as prodab, badan, or dansyl . Any afterglowing pigment may also be used in the fluorescent dye .
A variety of colour pigments and dyes may be used in this embodiment of the invention. For example, long-afterglow (phosphorescent) pigments may be used which are excited solely or predominantly by UV radiations and which emit in the visible spectrum (as an overview see, for example,
Ullmann's Enzyklopadie der technischen Chemie, 4th edition, 1979, Verlag Chemie) . Also known are IR-reactive luminescent pigments. Examples of systems featuring UV fluorescence are xanthenes, coumarins, naphthalimides, etc, sometime referred to in the literature under the rubic of "organic luminescent substances" or "optical brightners" . The addition of a few percent of the luminescent substance (s) in question is sufficient. Use may be made, for example, of formulations comprising RADGLO® pigments from Radiant Color N. V. , the Netherlands, or Lumilux® CD pigments from Reidel-de Haen. Inorganic luminescent substances are also suitable; metal sulfides and metal oxides, generally in conjunction with appropriate activators, have proven favourable as long- afterglow substances. These substances are available, for example, under the tradename Lumilux® or, as pigments improved with respect to stability, luminosity, and duration of afterglow, under the tradename LumiNova® from Nemoto, Japan.
An antifade reagent such as Molecular Probes' SlowFa.de and Prolong products can also be used to reduce photobleaching .
Application of a first material 14, such as a fluorescent material, onto the surface 12, such as onto paper, may be done during a typical paper-making process by incorporating 0.001% to 50% of fluorescent dye or pigment, preferably 0.01 to 25%, more preferably 0.1 to 7%, into an ink.
Printing inks containing a high fraction of luminescent pigments are applied preferably by screen printing so as to give film thicknesses in the range of about 0.5 to 500 μm, preferably 2 to 100 μm, more preferably 5 to 100 μm.
The device 10 also comprises a second material 16 applied to the first material 14 and which is distinguishable from the first material 14. During use, the second material 16 receives marks 18.
The second material 16 may comprise a particulate emulsion and/or a hydrophilic dye, such as a fluorescent dye, an ultraviolet dye, a near-infrared dye and/or an infrared dye .
One of the first and second materials 14, 16 may be hydrophobic or may comprise a hydrophobic component and the other of the first and second materials 14, 16 may be hydrophilic or may comprise a hydrophilic component. The effect of this is to encourage the boundary between the first and second materials to be sharp by discouraging diffusion of the second material 16 into the substrate/first material layer. In some embodiments of the invention the first 14 and second 16 materials have similar excitation wavelengths but different emission wavelengths, with the first and second materials 14, 16 being chosen such that when excited with appropriate electromagnetic radiation, a high contrast to the eye is achieved between the first and second materials 14, 16. In some embodiments, to provide additional security to the system, the first 14 and second 16 materials emit light of very specific frequencies. Therefore, even if a forger attempts to replace the portion of the second material 16 which is removed when a mark 18 is removed, they may not be able to duplicate the specific frequency of the original second material 16.
The person skilled in the art will readily understand the processes which can be used to apply the first 14 and second 16 materials. For example, one or both material (s) may be printed with an ink including the fluorescer.
The device 10 may also comprise marks 18. These marks 18 may be images applied by a laser printer, ink jet printer, or by hand writing. Where the image is applied by a laser printer the marks 18 will comprise toner. Where the image is applied by an ink jet printer or hand writing the marks 18 will comprise ink.
Thus, for example where the device 10 is incorporated into a personal cheque, the marks 18 may be the payment amount, the payee's name, and/or the payor's signature.
In some embodiments the distinction between the first and second materials 14, 16 is not detectable by the human eye. Thus the distinction between the first material 14 and the second material 16 may be determined by, for example, illumination of the device 10 with electromagnetic radiation, such as ultraviolet radiation - S -
OT infrared radiation. Where marks 18 have not been removed from the device 10, illumination of device 10 with exciting light results in emitted light substantially from the second material 16. However, where marks 18 have been removed from device 10, and consequently at least a portion of the second material 16 has also been removed, illumination of device 10 with exciting light results in emitted light from the first material 14 in the area where the marks 18 have been removed.
In order to encourage removal of the second material when marks 18 are removed, the device 10 may be arranged such that the strength of the bond between the marks 18 and the second material 16 is greater than the strength of bond between the second material 16 and the first material 14.
An alternative embodiment of a tamper indicating device 30 is shown in Figure 2. Like and similar features are indicated with like reference numerals .
The device 30 is similar to the device 10 shown in Figure 1 except that the fist material 14 is applied to the substrate 11 but substantially does not diffuse into the substrate 11. In this embodiment, the first and second materials form substantially distinct first and second layers .
The first and second materials 14, 16 and the substrate 11 are arranged such that the bond strength between the first material 14 and the substrate 11 is greater than the bond strength between the first and second layers so that removal of part of the second material 16 during tampering substantially does not remove the first material 14.
Sophisticated scanners are capable of detecting minor alterations to the light emission signatures of chemicals by detecting minor alterations to the signatures, in particular by detecting the frequencies of light emitted by the chemicals in response to exciting radiation. Such scanners may be used to automatically detect device alteration.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that numerous variations and/or modifications may be made to the invention as shown in the specific embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as broadly described. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive.
In the claims which follow and in the description of the invention, except where the context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary implication, the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" is used in an inclusive sense, i.e. to specify the presence of the stated features but not to preclude the presence or addition of further features in various embodiments of the invention.

Claims

THE CLAIMS DEFINING THE INVENTION ARE AS FOLLOWS:
1. A tamper indicating device, comprising: a) a substrate having a surface; b) a first material applied to the surface; and c) a second material applied to the first material and arranged to receive the mark, wherein the second material is distinguishable from the first material such that during use when at least a portion of the mark is removed from the device at least a portion of the second material is also removed, thereby facilitating detection of at least a portion of the first material which indicates that the mark has been altered.
2. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first material is applied to the surface such that the first material is substantially not absorbed into the substrate.
3. A device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the device is arranged such that the bond strength between the first material and the substrate is greater than the bond strength between the first and second materials so that removal of the second material substantially does not remove the first material.
4. A device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first material is applied to the surface such that the first material is at least partially absorbed into the substrate.
5. A device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein one of the first and second materials comprises a hydrophobic component.
6. A device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the other of the first and second materials comprises a hydrophilic component .
7. A device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first material is substantially not distinguishable from the second material by eye in the absence of exciting light.
8. A device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first material is substantially distinguishable from the second material by eye in the presence of exciting light.
9. A device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first and/or second material comprises a fluorescent dye, an ultra-violet dye, or an infra-red dye.
10. A device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the strength of a first bond between a mark applied to the second surface and the second surface is greater than the strength of a bond between the first material and the second material
11. A device of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the substrate comprises paper, wood, plastic, or metal.
12. A method of producing a tamper indicating device, comprising the steps of: a) providing a substrate having a surface; b) applying a first material to the surface; and c) applying a second material to the first material; the second material being arranged to receive a mark and being distinguishable from the first material such that during use when a mark is applied to the second material and at least a portion of a mark is subsequently removed from the device, at least a portion of the second material is also removed, thereby facilitating detection o"f~ at least a portion of the first material which indicates that the mark has been altered.
13. A method as claimed in claim 12, comprising applying the first material to the surface such that the first material is substantially not absorbed into the substrate.
14. A method as claimed in claim 13, comprising arranging the substrate and the first and second materials such that the bond strength between the first material and the substrate is greater than the bond strength between the first and second materials so that removal of the second material substantially does not remove the first material.
15. A device as claimed in claim 12, comprising applying the first material to the surface such that the first material is at least partially absorbed into the substrate.
16. A method as claimed in any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein one of the first and second materials comprises a hydrophobic component .
17. A method of claim 16, wherein the other of the first and second materials comprises a hydrophilic component.
18. A method as claimed in any one of claims 12 to 17, wherein the first material is substantially not distinguishable from the second material by eye in the absence of exciting light.
19. A method as claimed in any one of claims 12 to 17, wherein the first material is substantially distinguishable from the second material by eye in the presence of exciting light.
20. A method, as claimed in any one of claims 12 to 19, wherein the first and/or second material comprises a fluorescent dye, an ultra-violet dye, or an infra-red dye.
21. A method as claimed in any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein the substrate comprises paper, wood, plastic, or metal .
22. A tamper indicating device substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to, and as shown in, the accompanying drawings .
23. A method of producing a tamper indicating device substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to, and as shown in, the accompanying drawings.
PCT/AU2007/001925 2006-12-13 2007-12-13 A tamper indicating device WO2008070921A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2006906959A AU2006906959A0 (en) 2006-12-13 Device for receiving a mark or other indicia
AU2006906959 2006-12-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008070921A1 true WO2008070921A1 (en) 2008-06-19

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU2007/001925 WO2008070921A1 (en) 2006-12-13 2007-12-13 A tamper indicating device

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WO (1) WO2008070921A1 (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1510832A (en) * 1974-07-26 1978-05-17 Gao Ges Fuer Automation U Orga Security document having a safeguard against forgery of falsification
EP0845711B1 (en) * 1996-11-29 2000-10-04 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. Method for preparing a security document with a toner accepting layer
WO2007070969A1 (en) * 2005-12-23 2007-06-28 Securency International Pty Ltd Tamper evident security document with coloured layer

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1510832A (en) * 1974-07-26 1978-05-17 Gao Ges Fuer Automation U Orga Security document having a safeguard against forgery of falsification
EP0845711B1 (en) * 1996-11-29 2000-10-04 Agfa-Gevaert N.V. Method for preparing a security document with a toner accepting layer
WO2007070969A1 (en) * 2005-12-23 2007-06-28 Securency International Pty Ltd Tamper evident security document with coloured layer

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