WO2008069600A1 - Appareil et procédé pour service de diffusion multimédia numérique - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé pour service de diffusion multimédia numérique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008069600A1
WO2008069600A1 PCT/KR2007/006324 KR2007006324W WO2008069600A1 WO 2008069600 A1 WO2008069600 A1 WO 2008069600A1 KR 2007006324 W KR2007006324 W KR 2007006324W WO 2008069600 A1 WO2008069600 A1 WO 2008069600A1
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Prior art keywords
layer stream
enhancement layer
base layer
hierarchical
symbol
Prior art date
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PCT/KR2007/006324
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English (en)
Inventor
Ju-Yeun Kim
Jae-Hwui Bae
So-Ra Park
Hyoungsoo Lim
Yang-Su Kim
Young-Su Kim
Seomee Choi
Jae-Hyun Seo
Heung-Mook Kim
Jong-Soo Lim
Soo-In Lee
Chieteuk Ahn
Nak-Woong Eum
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Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute
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Application filed by Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute filed Critical Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute
Priority to CN2007800509486A priority Critical patent/CN101601290B/zh
Priority to EP07851295A priority patent/EP2100450A4/fr
Publication of WO2008069600A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008069600A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
    • H03M13/05—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits
    • H03M13/13—Linear codes
    • H03M13/15—Cyclic codes, i.e. cyclic shifts of codewords produce other codewords, e.g. codes defined by a generator polynomial, Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem [BCH] codes
    • H03M13/151—Cyclic codes, i.e. cyclic shifts of codewords produce other codewords, e.g. codes defined by a generator polynomial, Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem [BCH] codes using error location or error correction polynomials
    • H03M13/1515—Reed-Solomon codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H03M13/27—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes using interleaving techniques
    • H03M13/2732—Convolutional interleaver; Interleavers using shift-registers or delay lines like, e.g. Ramsey type interleaver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04H20/44—Arrangements characterised by circuits or components specially adapted for broadcast
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
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    • H04H20/86—Arrangements characterised by the broadcast information itself
    • H04H20/95—Arrangements characterised by the broadcast information itself characterised by a specific format, e.g. an encoded audio stream
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    • H04N21/236—Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream
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    • H04N21/236—Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream
    • H04N21/2368—Multiplexing of audio and video streams
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/266—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel
    • H04N21/2662—Controlling the complexity of the video stream, e.g. by scaling the resolution or bitrate of the video stream based on the client capabilities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving encoded video stream packets from an IP network
    • H04N21/4382—Demodulation or channel decoding, e.g. QPSK demodulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64784—Data processing by the network
    • H04N21/64792—Controlling the complexity of the content stream, e.g. by dropping packets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
    • H03M13/05—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits
    • H03M13/11—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits using multiple parity bits
    • H03M13/1102—Codes on graphs and decoding on graphs, e.g. low-density parity check [LDPC] codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
    • H03M13/05—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits
    • H03M13/13—Linear codes
    • H03M13/15—Cyclic codes, i.e. cyclic shifts of codewords produce other codewords, e.g. codes defined by a generator polynomial, Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem [BCH] codes
    • H03M13/151—Cyclic codes, i.e. cyclic shifts of codewords produce other codewords, e.g. codes defined by a generator polynomial, Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem [BCH] codes using error location or error correction polynomials
    • H03M13/152—Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem [BCH] codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
    • H03M13/23—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using convolutional codes, e.g. unit memory codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H03M13/29—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes combining two or more codes or code structures, e.g. product codes, generalised product codes, concatenated codes, inner and outer codes
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    • H03M13/63—Joint error correction and other techniques
    • H03M13/635—Error control coding in combination with rate matching
    • H03M13/6362—Error control coding in combination with rate matching by puncturing
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04L2001/0092—Error control systems characterised by the topology of the transmission link
    • H04L2001/0093—Point-to-multipoint

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for a digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) service; and, more particularly, to an apparatus and method for providing DMB services with high quality and high transmission-efficiency while maintaining backward compatibility with typical DMB systems.
  • DMB digital multimedia broadcasting
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) transmitter according to the related art.
  • the DMB transmitter according to the related art includes an MPEG-4 video encoder 101 and an MPEG-4 audio encoder 103 for encoding multimedia sources, an MPEG-4 system encoder 105 for objectivating and synchronizing media streams, an MPEG-2 transport stream (TS) multiplexer 107 for multiplexing a media stream, a Reed-Solomon (RS) encoder 109 for additional error control coding, a convolutional interleaver 111 for removing temporal correlation of adjacent unit bytes in a data stream, and a digital audio broadcasting (DAB) transmitter for converting a stream outputted from the convolutional interleaver 111 to a digital broadcasting signal and outputting the digital broadcasting signal.
  • TS transport stream
  • RS Reed-Solomon
  • DAB digital audio broadcasting
  • the DAB transmitter 113 has a structure employing a DAB standard (ETSI EN 300 401 vl.4.1, June, 2006, Radio Broadcasting Systems; Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) to mobile, portable and fixed receivers) .
  • DAB Digital Audio Broadcasting
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating the DAB transmitter of Fig. 1. That is, Fig. 2 shows a Eureka 147 DAB transmitter employing a DAB standard.
  • the DAB transmitter 113 includes an energy dispersal scrambler 201, a convolutional encoder 203, a time interleaver 205, a symbol mapper 207, a frequency interleaver 209, a differential modulator 211, a inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) 213, and a guard interval inserter 215.
  • IFFT inverse fast Fourier transform
  • the energy dispersal scrambler 201 disperses the energy of a stream outputted from the convolution interleaver 111 and the convolutional encoder 203 performs convolutional encoding on the stream at different coding rates according to unequal error protection (UEP) or equal error protection (EEP) .
  • the stream outputted from the convolutional encoder 203 is formed of logical frames.
  • the time interleaver 205 interleaves a predetermined tame in the stream outputted from the convolutional encoder 230 at every 16 logical unit frames.
  • the interleaved data is multiplexed to form a common interleaved frame (FIC).
  • the symbol mapper 207 performs symbol-mapping by forming a synchronization channel for frames outputted from the time interleaver 205 and a fast information channel (FIC) and a main service channel for transmitting valid data and modulating the frame based on quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) .
  • a DAB transmit frame is formed in a 24ms of a unit length.
  • the frequency interleaver 209 performs frequency interleaving for a signal outputted from the symbol mapper 207.
  • the differential modulator 211 modulates a QPSK-modulated stream outputted from the symbol mapper 207 based on ⁇ T differential QPSK ( " Ur DQPSK) .
  • the differential modulator 211 differentially modulates an output signal of the frequency interleaver 209 by an OFDM unit symbol based on a phase reference signal where OFDM stands for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing based on a phase reference signal.
  • the IFFT 213 performs zero-padding and inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) for an output signal of the differential modulator 211.
  • IFFT inverse fast Fourier transform
  • the IFFT 213 is a time in a time domain.
  • the guard interval inserter 215 removes inter-symbol interference (ISI) from the output signal of the IFFT 213 by inserting data
  • ISI inter-symbol interference
  • guard interval corresponding to about 1/4 of an end of a valid symbol interval at the front of a valid symbol.
  • the available transmit rate of the DMB transmitter according to the related art is about 1.152 Mbps if convolutional coding with 1/2 coding rate is used. That is, 576 kbps of a transmit rate is allocated to each service when two multimedia services are provided through one channel. Therefore, such related technology cannot provide high quality services although multimedia sources are encoded to have high quality because a corresponding transmit rate is not supported.
  • An embodiment of the present invention is directed to providing an apparatus and method for providing a digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) service with high quality and high transmission efficiency while sustaining backward compatibility with typical DMB system by transmitting multimedia data with a base layer and an enhancement layer divided.
  • DMB digital multimedia broadcasting
  • a digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) transmitter including: a base layer transmission processor for encoding base layer stream by encoding a base layer stream; an enhancement layer transmission processor for encoding enhancement layer stream by encoding an enhancement layer stream; and a hierarchical transmitter for encoding the base layer stream outputted from the base layer transmission processor the enhancement layer stream outputted from the enhancement layer transmission processor based on gray coding, allocating a predetermined bit value, performing hierarchical symbol mapping, and transmitting the base layer stream and the enhancement layer stream.
  • DMB digital multimedia broadcasting
  • a DMB receiver including: a hierarchical receiver for separating an encoded base layer stream and an encoded enhancement layer stream from a receiving signal by performing hierarchical symbol de- mapping on the receiving signal where a predetermined bit value is allocated to and hierarchical symbol is mapped to through encoding according to gray coding; a base layer receiving processor for decoding the encoded base layer stream; and an enhancement layer receiving processor for decoding the encoded enhancement layer stream.
  • multimedia and supplementary data services can be provided with high quality and high transmission efficiency while sustaining backward compatibility with typical DMB systems.
  • high quality services can be provided by transmitting further more information than typical DMB systems through hierarchical modulation.
  • high transmission efficient service can be provided by securing further more channels.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) transmitter according to the related art.
  • Fig. 2 shows a DAB transmitter of Fig. 1.
  • DMB digital multimedia broadcasting
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a transmitter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates the base layer transmission processor of Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates an enhancement layer transmission processor of Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates a hierarchical DAB transmitter of Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 7 is a constellation of -4 DQPSK modulated base layer stream symbol.
  • Figs. 8 and 9 show examples of hierarchical symbol mapping in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figs. 10 and 11 are examples of hierarchical symbol mapping according to an embodiment of the present invention .
  • Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating a transmitter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 illustrates a receiver in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 illustrates a DAB receiver of Fig. 13.
  • Fig. 15 illustrates a receiving method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 16 illustrates a receiver in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 17 illustrates a transmitter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 18 illustrates an enhancement layer transmission processor of Fig. 17.
  • Fig. 19 illustrates a hierarchical DMB transmitter of Fig. 17.
  • Fig. 20 illustrates a hierarchical DMB transmitter of Fig. 17.
  • Fig. 21 illustrates a receiver in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 22 illustrates a hierarchical DMB receiver of Fig. 21.
  • Fig. 23 illustrates a hierarchical DMB receiver of Fig. 21.
  • Fig. 24 illustrates an enhancement layer receiving processor of Fig. 21.
  • Fig. 25 is constellation of Null signal of a base layer stream.
  • Fig. 26 is constellation of a phase reference signal of a base layer stream.
  • Fig. 27 is constellation showing hierarchical symbol mapping performed by a hierarchical symbol mapper when a differential modulator modulates a base layer stream signal based on ⁇ DQPSK in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, where a hierarchical symbol mapper maps symbols of an enhancement layer stream signal for (2n+l) th symbols.
  • Fig. 28 is constellation describing hierarchical symbol mapping performed by a hierarchical symbol mapper when a differential modulator modulates a base layers
  • FIG. 29 is constellation showing hierarchical symbol mapping performed by a hierarchical symbol mapper when a differential modulator modulates a base layers stream based on a ⁇ ⁇ DQPSK scheme Ln accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, where a hierarchical symbol mapper maps symbols of an enhancement layer stream signal for (2n+l) th symbols.
  • Fig. 30 is constellation showing hierarchical symbol mapping performed by a hierarchical symbol mapper when a differential modulator modulates a base layers stream based on a -4 DQPSK scheme in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, where a hierarchical symbol mapper maps symbols of an enhancement layer stream signal for (2n) th symbols.
  • Fig. 31 is constellation showing hierarchical symbol mapping performed by a hierarchical symbol mapper when a differential modulator modulates a base layers stream based on a -* DQPSK scheme Ln accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, where a hierarchical symbol mapper maps symbols of an enhancement layer stream signal for (2n+l) th symbols.
  • Fig. 32 is constellation showing hierarchical symbol mapping performed by a hierarchical symbol mapper when a differential modulator modulates a base layers stream based on a -4- DQPSK scheme Ln accordance with another embodiment of the present invention, where a hierarchical symbol mapper maps symbols of an enhancement layer stream signal for (2n) th symbols.
  • Fig. 33 illustrates a transmitter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 34 illustrates an enhancement layer transmission processor of Fig. 33.
  • Fig. 35 illustrates a receiver in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 36 illustrates an enhancement layer receiving processor of Fig. 35. BEST MODE FOR THE INVENTION
  • processors may be provided using hardware capable of executing predetermined software or related software as well as dedicated hardware.
  • the functions may be provided by a single dedicated processor, a single shared processor, or a plurality of individual processors where one of the individual processor may be shared.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a transmitter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transmitter includes a scalable video encoder 301, a scalable audio encoder 303, an enhancement layer transmission processor 305, a base layer transmission processor 307, and a hierarchical digital audio broadcasting (DAB) transmitter 309.
  • a scalable video encoder 301 includes a scalable video encoder 301, a scalable audio encoder 303, an enhancement layer transmission processor 305, a base layer transmission processor 307, and a hierarchical digital audio broadcasting (DAB) transmitter 309.
  • DAB digital audio broadcasting
  • the scalable video encoder 301 transforms video sources to an enhancement layer video stream having enhanced quality and a base layer video stream compatible with typical DMB systems. Then, the scalable video encoder 301 outputs the enhancement layer video stream to the enhancement layer transmission processor 307 and the base layer video stream to the base layer transmission processor 305.
  • the scalable audio encoder 303 transforms audio sources to an enhancement layer audio stream having enhanced quality and a base layer audio stream compatible with conventional DMB systems. Then, the scalable audio encoder 303 outputs the enhancement layer audio stream to the enhancement layer transmission processor 307 and the base layer audio stream to the; base layer transmission processor 305.
  • the scalable video encoder 301 and the scalable audio encoder 303 may be an MPEG-4 scalable video encoder and an MPEG-4 scalable audio encoder.
  • the enhancement layer video stream and the enhancement layer audio stream may be generated through well-known various scalable schemes.
  • Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the base layer transmission processor of Fig. 3.
  • the base layer transmission processor 307 processes base layer video and audio streams which support typical DMB systems.
  • the base layer transmission processor 307 includes a system encoder 401, a transmit stream (TS) multiplexer 403, a Reed-Solomon (RS) encoder 109, and a convolutional interleaver 111.
  • the system encoder 401 and the transmit stream multiplexer 403 may correspond to an MPEG-4 system encoder 109 and an MPEG-2 TS multiplexer 107, which are shown in Fig. 1.
  • the RS encoder 109 and the convolution interleaver 111 were already shown in Fig. 1.
  • the system encoder 401 objectivates and synchronizes base layer multimedia streams outputted from the scalable video encoder 301 and the scalable audio encoder 303.
  • the TS multiplexer 403 multiplexes an output signal of the system encoder 401 to a base layer stream.
  • the RS encoder 109 performs error control coding on an output signal of the TS multiplexer 403.
  • the convolutional interleaver 111 removes temporal correlation of adjacent byte-units in a stream from the output signal of the RF encoder 109 and outputs the temporal correlation-removed signal to the hierarchical DAB transmitter 309.
  • Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an enhancement layer transmission processor of Fig. 3.
  • the enhancement layer transmission processor 305 processes an enhancement layer video stream and an enhancement layer audio stream to provide multimedia with higher quality than a base layer.
  • the enhancement layer transmission processor includes a system encoder 401, a transmit stream (TS) multiplexer 403, an energy dispersal scrambler 301, a channel encoder 501, and a time interleaver 205.
  • the system encoder 401 and the TS multiplexer 403 may correspond to an MPEG-4 system encoder 105 and an MPEG-2 TS multiplexer 107 shown in Fig. 1.
  • the system encoder 401 objectivates and synchronizes an enhancement layer video stream and an enhancement layer audio stream outputted from the scalable video encoder 301 and the scalable audio encoder 303.
  • the transmit stream multiplexer 403 multiplexes an output signal of the system encoder 4OL to the enhancement layer stream.
  • the energy dispersal scrambler 301 as shown in Fig. 2, disperse the energy of the enhancement layer stream outputted from the transmit stream multiplexer 403.
  • the channel encoder 501 performs channel-coding on an enhancement layer stream outputted from the energy dispersal scrambler 201.
  • the channel-coded signal has a strong error correction function in a radio transmit channel.
  • the channel coding may be archived by one of Reed-Solomon (RS) encoding, convolution encoding, low density parity check (LDPC) encoding, turbo encoding, Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghen (BCH) encoding, and concatenated encoding thereof.
  • RS Reed-Solomon
  • LDPC low density parity check
  • turbo turbo encoding
  • BCH Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghen
  • RCPC rate compatible punctured code
  • the time interleaver 205 performs temporal interleaving on the stream outputted from the channel encoder 501.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates a hierarchical DAB transmitter of Fig. 3.
  • the hierarchical DAB transmitter 309 further includes a hierarchical symbol mapper 601 as well as the constituent elements of the DAB transmitter 113.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 maps an enhancement layer stream based on a modulated base layer stream signal.
  • the hierarchical DAB transmitter 309 includes an energy dispersal scrambler 201, a convolutional encoder 203, a time interleaver 205, a symbol mapper 207, a frequency interleaver 209, a differential modulator 211, an IFFT 213, and a guard interval inserter 215.
  • Each oE the constituent elements corresponds to those shown in E'ig. 2.
  • the symbol mapper 207 encodes an input stream based on QPSK according to gray coding.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 performs hierarchical symbol mapping on the enhancement layer stream outputted from the enhancement layer transmission processor 305 based on the differential modulated base layer stream signal from the differential modulator 211.
  • the symbol mapper 207 allocates a 2-bit value by modulating a base layer stream based on QPSK, and the differential modulator 211 modulates the QPSK-modulated base layer stream based on -S DQPSK.
  • Four quadrant lines denote a real number axis and an imaginary number axis, which are shifted as much as a ⁇ phase at a complex plane .
  • the hierarch symbol mapper 601 maps an enhancement layer stream symbol to the DQPSK modulated base layer stream.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 may allocate supplementary information bits by modulating the enhancement layer stream based on one of 2-amplitude shift keying (2-ASK) , QPSK, and 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) .
  • 2-ASK 2-amplitude shift keying
  • QPSK QPSK
  • 16-QAM 16 quadrature amplitude modulation
  • the number of supplementary information bits may be 1-bit for 2-ASK, 2- bits for QPSK, and 4-bits for 16-QAM. Therefore, a transmit rate is additionally secured by transmitting addition bits.
  • An output of the differential modulator 211 for the 1 st symbol of a frequency-interleaved base layer stream from the frequency interleaver 209 to the k th QPSK symbol is defined as Eq. 1.
  • 'Lk denotes the 1 th symbol of the frequency-interleaved base layer stream from the frequency interleaver 209 to the k th QPSK symbol
  • L denotes the total number of base stream symbols
  • K is the total number of multiple carriers.
  • Eq. 1 means that a base layer stream signal is modulated based on DQPSK. becomes one of values and _
  • the size of the modulated symbol is assum s 1.
  • Fig. 7 is a constellation of a DQPSK modulated base layer stream symbol. That is, Fig. 7 is a constellation of the output of the differential modulator 211.
  • the output '.* of the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 for the 1 th symbol of an enhancement layer stream outputted from the enhancement llaayyeerr ttrraannssmmiissssiioonn pprroocceess,sor 305 to the k th carrier symbol is defined as Eq. 2.
  • z ⁇ « denotes the 1 th symbol of an enhancement layer stream to a symbol for the k th subcarrier.
  • ⁇ '*' is a hierarchical symbol mapping function, which is determined according to the number of supplementary information bits of an enhancement layer and a modulation scheme.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 calculates z ⁇ . ⁇ using Eq. 3 in case of 2-ASK where 1-bit of supplementary information bits is allocated to an enhancement layer stream.
  • Figs. 8 and 9 show examples of hierarchical symbol mapping in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figs. 8 and 9 show constellations of an enhancement layer stream signal hierarchically mapped based on 2-ASK with 1 bit of supplementary information bits when a base layer stream signal is modulated based on -* DQPSK.
  • white constellation denotes a symbol of a base layer stream, which is the output z /, * of the differential modulator 211.
  • a black constellation denotes the output of the hierarchical symbol mapper 601.
  • the supplementary information bit for an enhancement layer stream is 2-bits
  • Table 1 shows a hierarchical symbol mapping function for mapping symbols based on QPSK, as another example of a hierarchical symbol mapping function.
  • A is information bit corresponding to z ⁇ ,k
  • B is information bit corresponding to z /,*
  • a is a constant larger than 0.
  • Figs. 10 and 11 are examples of hierarchical symbol mapping according to an embodiment of the present invention. That is, Figs. 10 and 11 show constellations of a symbol-mapped enhancement layer stream signal by Table 1.
  • a white constellation denotes a symbol of a base layer stream, which is the output z ⁇ * of the differential modulator 211
  • a block constellation denotes the output z '.* of the hierarchical symbol mapper 601.
  • Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating a transmitter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the enhancement layer may be used for providing a supplementary data service as well as providing a high quality service as described above. That is, the supplementary data source encoder 1007 is further included for providing a supplementary data service such as a supplementary multimedia service as shown in Fig. 12. That is, a supplementary data service can be provided by transmitting supplementary data through an enhancement layer stream.
  • the supplementary video service may be a service related to base layer data such as stereo video and multi-view video or an independent additional service,
  • the scalable video encoder 301 and the scalable audio encoder 303 are replaced with a video encoder 1001 and an audio encoder 1003.
  • the output signals of the video encoder 1001 and the audio encoder 1003 are input to the base layer transmission processor 307.
  • ALso a supplementary data source encoder 1007 is additionally included.
  • the output signal of the supplementary data source encoder 1007 is input to the enhancement layer transmission processor 3005.
  • the video encoder 1001 and the audio encoder 1003 may be an MPEG-4 video encoder 101 and an MPEG-4 audio encoder 103 shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 12 can support not only services that are cooperated with various services supported by typical DMB systems but also supplementary data services which are independently added.
  • Fig. 13 is a diagram illustrating a receiver in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiver includes a hierarchical DAB receiver 1101, a base layer receiving processor 1103, an enhancement layer receiving processor 1105, a scalable video decoder 1107, and a scalable audio decoder 1109.
  • the hierarchical DAB receiver 1001 removes a guard interval from a receiving signal and performs FFT and differential demodulation.
  • the hierarchical DAB receiver 1101 perform frequency-deinterleaving on the differential-demodulated receiving signal and outputs the deinterleaved signal to the enhancement layer receiving processor 1105 and the base layer receiving processor 1103.
  • the base layer receiving processor 1103 includes a convolutional deinterleaver 1123, a RF decoder 1125, a transmit stream (TS) demultiplexer 1127, and a system decoder 1129.
  • the base layer receiving processor 1103 processes a base layer stream which is transmitted from the transmitters shown in Figs. 1 and 2 or the transmitters according to the embodiments of the present invention, shown in Figs. 3 and 12. Therefore, the base layer receiving processor 1103 performs decoding corresponding to an encoding scheme performed for a base layer stream in the transmitters of Figs. 3 and 12.
  • the convolutional interleaver 1123 and the RS decoder 1125 perform channel decoding.
  • the convolutional deinterleaver 1123 performs convolutional deinterleaving on a base layer stream which is an output signal of the hierarchical DAB receiver 1101.
  • the RS decoder 1125 performs additional error control decoding on the output signal of the convolutional de Lnterleaver 1123.
  • the TS demultiplexer 1127 demultiplexes the output signal of the RS decoder 1125 to a multimedia and various supplementary information packets.
  • the system decoder 1129 depacketizes the output signal of the TS demultiplexer 1127 and synchronizes streams and outputs the demultiplexed signal to the scalable video decoder 1107 and the scalable audio decoder 1109.
  • the system decoder 1129 may be an MPEG-4 system decoder.
  • the enhancement layer receiving processor 1105 includes a hierarchical symbol demapper 1111, a time deinterleaver 1113, a channel decoder 1115, an energy dispersal descrambler 1117, a transmit stream (TS) demultiplexer 1119, and a system decoder 1121.
  • the enhancement layer receiving processor 1105 processes an enhancement layer stream transmitted from a transmitter according to the present embodiments such as the transmitters of Figs. 3 and 12. Therefore, the enhancement layer receiving processor 1105 performs a decoding operation corresponding to an encoding scheme used to encode the enhancement layer stream at the transmitter.
  • a receiving signal includes hierarchical modulation information, for example, information about modulation schemes and supplementary information bits for the enhancement layer stream.
  • the hierarchical symbol demapper 1111 separates the enhancement layer stream from an output signal of the hierarchical DAB receiver 1101 based on the hierarchical modulation information included in the receiving signal.
  • the hierarchical symbol demapper 1111 performs demapping by performing decision to detect a base layer signal from the output signal of the hierarchical DAB receiver 1101 and separating an enhancement layer stream from the output signal from the hierarchical DAB receiver 1101 through calculating difference between the detected base layer signal and the receiving signal.
  • the time deinterleaver 1113, the channel decoder 1115, and the energy dispersal descrambler 1117 performs channel decoding.
  • the time deinterleaver 1113 deinterleaves the output signal of the hierarchical symbol demapper 1111.
  • the channel decoder 1115 performs channel decoding for error correction of an output signal of the time interleaver 1113.
  • the energy dispersal descrambler 1117 rearranges a signal scrambled for energy dispersion by descrambling an output signal of the channel decoder 1115.
  • the TS demultiplexer 1119 demultiplexes the output signal of the energy dispersal descrambler 1117 to multimedia and various supplementary information packets.
  • the system decoder 1121 depacketizes the output signal of the TS demultiplexer 1119 and synchronizes streams. Then, the system decoder 1121 outputs the depacketized and synchronized signal to the scalable video decoder 1107 and the scalable audio decoder 1109.
  • the system decoder 1121 may be an MPEG-4 system decoder.
  • the scalable video decoder 1107 and the scalable audio decoder 1109 correspond to the scalable video encoder 301 and the scalable audio encoder 303 of Fig. 3.
  • the scalable video decoder 1107 and the scalable audio decoder 1109 decode multimedia signal.
  • the scalable video decoder 1107 and the scalable audio decoder 1109 perform scalable decoding on a base layer multimedia stream and an enhancement layer multimedia stream, thereby outputting high quality multimedia.
  • the receiver according to the present embodiment considers a stream transmitted from a conventional transmitter shown in Fig. 1 as a base layer stream and outputs basic quality multimedia.
  • Fig. 14 is a diagram illustrating a DAB receiver of Fig. 13.
  • the hierarchical DAB receiver 1101 has a structure corresponding to the hierarchical DAB transmitter 309 of Fig. 6, which is similar to a DAB receiving apparatus employing a DAB standard (ETSI EN 300 401 vl.4.1, June, 2006, Radio Broadcasting Systems; Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) to mobile, portable and fixed receivers ) .
  • the hierarchical DAB receiver 1101 includes a guard interval remover 1201, a FFT 1203, a differential demodulator 1205, a frequency deinterleaver 1207, a symbol demapper 1209, a time deinterleaver 1211, a convolutional decoder 1213, and an energy dispersal descrambler 1215.
  • the hierarchical DAB receiver 1101 performs inverse operations corresponding to those of the hierarchical DAB transmitter 309 of Fig. 6.
  • the guard interval remover 1201 removes a guard interval from a receiving signal.
  • the FFT 1203 performs FFT on an output signal of the guard interval remover 1201.
  • the differential demodulator 1205 demodulates an output signal of the FFT 1203 based on ⁇ ⁇ DQPSK.
  • An output signal of the differential demodulator 1205 is a base layer stream signal.
  • the frequency deinterleaver 1207 deinterleaves the output signal of the differential demodulator 1205 in a frequency domain and outputs the deinterleaved signal to the enhancement layer receiving processor 1105 and the symbol demapper 1209. The symbol
  • the 7T demapper 1209 performs symbol demapping on the ⁇ DQPSK modulated base layer stream based on QPSK.
  • the time deinterleaver 1211, the convolutional decoder 1213, and the energy dispersal descrambler 1215 perform channel decoding.
  • the time deinterleaver 1211 deinterleaves the output signal of the symbol demapper 1209.
  • the convolutional decoder 1213 performs convolutional decoding on the output signal of the time deinterleaver 1211.
  • the energy dispersal descrambler 1215 rearranges a signal scrambled for energy dispersion by descrambling an output signal of the convolutional decoder 1213. Then, the energy dispersal descrambler 1215 outputs the rearranged scrambled signal to the base layer receiving processor 1103.
  • Fig. 15 is a flowchart illustrating a receiving method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention .
  • broadcasting channel information is determined by extracting information related to a broadcasting channel, multiplexing, and services. If the broadcasting stream is a high quality and high transmission efficient DMB stream formed of a base layer stream and an enhancement layer stream at step S130, the receiving signal is separated to the base layer stream and the enhancement layer stream and channel decoding and media decoding are individually performed for the base and enhancement layer streams at step S151 and S152, thereby providing the high quality and high transmission efficient service at step S153. If the broadcasting stream is a DMB stream formed only of a typical broadcasting stream, channel decoding and media decoding are performed at steps S141 and S142 by extracting a base layer stream from the receiving signal, thereby providing a basic quality service at step S143.
  • Fig. 16 is a diagram illustrating a receiver in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiver of Fig. 16 has a structure corresponding to that of the transmitter of Fig. 12.
  • the DMB receiver for a supplementary data service includes a hierarchical DAB receiver 1101, a base layer receiving processor 1103, an enhancement layer receiving processor 1105, a video decoder 410, an audio decoder 420, and a supplementary a supplementary data decoder 430.
  • the hierarchical DAB receiver 1101, the base layer receiving processor 1103, the enhancement layer receiving processor 1105 have the same structures of those included in the receiver of Fig. 13. However, the enhancement layer receiving processor 1105 separates an enhancement layer stream for supplementary data from an output signal of the hierarchical DAB receiver 1101 and outputs the supplementary data. Also, the TS demultiplexer 1119 and the system decoder 1121 may be omitted according to the type of the supplementary data.
  • the video decoder 410 and the audio decoder 420 have structures corresponding to those of the video decoder 111 and the audio encoder 133 and decode a multimedia signal .
  • the supplementary data decoder 330 receives the supplementary data from the enhancement layer receiving processor 1105 and decodes the supplementary data according to a type thereof.
  • Fig. 17 is a diagram illustrating a transmitter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the DMB service using a base layer stream and an enhancement layer stream may allow broadcast multimedia through an enhancement layer stream, independently from multimedia broadcasted through a base layer stream. Therefore, a high transmission efficient broadcasting system may be provided according to the present invention as well as providing a high quality service.
  • the transmitter of Fig. 17 is different from the transmitter of Fig. 13 as follows.
  • the scalable video encoder 301 and the scalable audio encoder 303 are replaced with a video encoder 1501 and an audio encoder 1503 for encoding a multimedia source to be transmitted through an enhancement layer stream and a video encoder 1501 and an audio decoder 1507 for encoding multimedia source to be transmitted through a base layer stream.
  • the output signals of the video encoder 1501 and the audio encoder 1504 are input to the enhancement layer transmission processor 1509, and output signals of the video encoder 1505 and the audio encoder 1507 are input to the base layer transmission processor 307.
  • the output signals of the enhancement layer transmission processor 1509 and the base layer transmission processor are input to the hierarchical DMB transmitter 1511.
  • the video encoders 1501 and 1505 and the audio encoders 1503 and 1507 may be an MPEG-4 video encoder 101 and an MPEG-4 audio encoder 103 of Fig. 1.
  • the base layer transmission processor 307 of Fig. 3 is identical to the base layer transmission processor 307 of Fig. 17.
  • the enhancement layer receiving processor 1509 will be described with reference to Fig. 18 in later.
  • the detail structure of the hierarchical DMB transmitter 1511 will be described with reference to Figs. 19 and 20 in later.
  • Fig. 18 is a diagram illustrating an enhancement layer transmission processor of Fig. 17.
  • the enhancement layer transmission processor 1509 includes a system encoder 401, a transmit stream (TS) multiplexer 403, an external encoder 1601, and a convolutional interleaver 111.
  • the system encoder 401 and the TS multiplexer 403 are identical to the system encoder 401 and the TS multiplexer 403 included in the enhancement layer transmission processor 305 of Fig. 5.
  • the enhancement layer transmission processor 1509 of Fig. 18 uses the external encoder 1601 and the convolutional interleaver 111 unlike the enhancement layer transmission processor 305 of Fig. 5. It is because the hierarchical DMB transmitter 1511 includes an energy dispersal scrambler 201 for an enhancement layer stream as shown in Fig. 19.
  • the external encoder 611 performs channel encoding on an enhancement layer stream outputted from the TS multiplexer 403.
  • the channel-encoded signal has a strong error control function at a radio transmission channel.
  • the channel encoding may be archived using one of RS encoding, convolutional encoding, low density parity check (LDPC) encoding, turbo encoding, Bose-Chaudhuri- Hocquenghen (BCH) encoding, and concatenated encoding thereof.
  • the channel cording rate may vary according to a rate compatible punctured code (RCPC) .
  • the convolutional interleaver 111 has the same structure of the convolutional interleaver 111 of Fig. 4 and removes temporal correlation of adjacent byte-units in a data stream.
  • Fig. 19 is a diagram illustrating a hierarchical DMB transmitter of Fig. 17.
  • the hierarchical DMB transmitter 1511 includes an energy dispersal scrambler 201, a convolutional encoder 203, a time interleaver 205, a symbol mapper 207, a frequency interleaver 209, a differential modulator 211, an IFFT 213, and a guard interval inserter 215, which are included in the hierarchical DAB transmitter 309 of Fig. 6.
  • the hierarchical DMB transmitter 1511 performs the operation of processing a base layer stream, which was described with reference to Fig. 6.
  • the energy dispersal scrambler 201, the internal encoder 621, the time interleaver 205, the symbol mapper 207, and the frequency interleaver 209 of the hierarchical DMB transmitter 1511 of Fig. 19 process an enhancement layer stream.
  • the enhancement layer stream outputted from the frequency interleaver 209 has tenacity against error.
  • the internal encoder 1701 performs internal encoding on the enhancement layer stream unlike the convolutional encoder 203 that performs convolutional encoding on the base layer stream.
  • a turbo encoder, a LDPC encoder, or a convolutional encoder may be used, and it may be decided by the concatenation performance of the external encoder 1601 shown in Fig. 18.
  • the enhancement layer stream outputted from the frequency interleaver 209 and the base layer stream outputted from the differential demodulator 211 are input to the hierarchical symbol mapper 601.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 performs hierarchical symbol mapping on the enhancement layer stream outputted from the enhancement layer transmission processor 1509 based on the 4 DQPSK modulated base layer stream signal. The operations of the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 will be described with reference to Figs. 27 to 32.
  • Fig. 20 is a diagram illustrating a hierarchical DMB transmitter of Fig. 17. Differences between the hierarchical DMB transmitters shown in Figs. 19 and 20 are as follows.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 hierarchically maps symbols of an enhancement layer stream and a base layer stream outputted from the symbol mapper 207, the frequency interleaver 209 performs frequency interleaving, and the differential modulator 211 performs differential modulations.
  • the differential modulated signal is input to the IFFT 213. That is, it is not necessary to include a frequency interleaver that performs frequency interleaving on an enhancement layer stream which is not hierarchical symbol mapped.
  • Fig. 21 is a diagram illustrating a receiver in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiver of Fig. 21 has a structure corresponding to that of the transmitter of Fig. 17.
  • the receiver according to the present embodiment includes a hierarchical DMB receiver 1901, a base layer receiving processor 1103, an enhancement layer receiving processor 1903, video decoders 1905 and 1909, and audio decoders 1907 and 1911.
  • the video decoders 1905 and J 909 and the audio decoders 1907 and 1911 may be an MPEG-4 video decoder and an MPEG- 4 audio decoder.
  • the video decoder 1909 and the audio decoder 1911 decode a multimedia signal outputted from the base layer receiving processor 1103, and the video decoder 1905 and the audio decoder 1907 decodes a multimedia signal independent from multimedia of a base layer stream, as a multimedia signal outputted from the enhancement layer receiving processor 1903.
  • the base layer receiving processor 1103 is identical to the base layer receiving processor 1103 included in the receiver of Fig. 13.
  • the enhancement layer receiving processor 1903 will be described with reference to Fig. 24.
  • the detail structure of the hierarchical DMB receiver 1901 will be described with reference to F 1 IgS. 22 and 23.
  • Fig. 22 is a diagram illustrating a hierarchical DMB receiver of Fig. 21.
  • the hierarchical DMB receiver 1901 includes a guard interval remover 1201, a FFT 1203, a differential demodulator 1205, a hierarchical symbol demapper 2001, a frequency deinterleaver 1207, a symbol demapper 1209, a time deinterleaver 1211, an internal decoder 2003, a convolutional decoder 1213, and an energy dispersal descrambler 1215.
  • the hierarchical DMB receiver 1901 performs inverse operations corresponding to those of the hierarchical DMB transmitter 1511 of Fig. 19.
  • the guard interval remover 1201 removes a guard interval from a receiving signal.
  • the FFT 1203 performs FFT on the output signal of the guard interval remover 1201.
  • the output signal of the FFT 1203 is a signal generated by hierarchically mapping the symbols of the enhancement layer signal to the base layer stream.
  • the output signal of the FFT 1203 is a hierarchical symbol mapped signal like constellations shown in Figs. 27 and 32.
  • the hierarchical symbol demapper 2001 separates an enhancement layer stream from the output signal from the FFT 1203.
  • a receiving signal includes hierarchical modulation information, for example, information about modulation for enhancement layer stream and supplementary information bits.
  • the hierarchical symbol demapper 2001 separates an enhancement layer stream from the output signal of the FFT 1203 based on the hierarchical modulation information included in the receiving signal.
  • the hierarchical symbol demapper 2001 performs decision to detect a base layer signal based on the output signal of the FFT 1203 and separates an enhancement layer stream by calculating the detected base layer signal and the receiving signal, thereby performing de-mapping.
  • the differential demodulator 1205 demodulates the output signal of the FFT 1203 based on DQPSK.
  • the output signal of the differential demodulator 1205 is a base layer stream signal.
  • the base layer stream and the enhancement layer stream are input to the frequency deinterleaver 1207.
  • the frequency deinterleaver 1207 deinterleaves the output signal of the differential demodulator 1205 and the output signal of the hierarchical symbol demapper 2001 at frequency domain and outputs the deinterleaved signal to the symbol demapper 1209.
  • the symbol demapper 1209 performs symbol de-mapping based on QPSK for the enhancement layer stream
  • the time deinterleaver 1211, the internal decoder 2003, the convolutional decoder 1213, and the energy dispersal descrambler 1214 perform channel decoding.
  • the time deinterleaver 1211 deinterleaves the output signal of the symbol demapper 1209 in a time domain.
  • the convolutional decoder 1213 performs convolutional decoding on the base layer stream which is the output signal of the time deinterleaver 1211.
  • the internal decoder 2003 performs channel decoding for error correction of the enhancement layer stream that is the output signal of the time deinterleaver 1211.
  • Fig. 23 is a diagram illustrating a hierarchical DMB receiver of Fig. 21. unlike the hierarchical DMB receiver 1901 of Fig. 22, the hierarchical DMB receiver 1901 of Fig.
  • the frequency deinterleaver 1207 performs frequency deinterleaving on the output signal of the differential demodulator 1205, and the hierarchical symbol demapper 2001 separates a base layer stream and an enhancement layer stream from the output signal of the frequency deinterleaver 1207. Therefore, it is not necessary to include a frequency deinterleaver for performing frequency deinterleaving on a hierarchically de-mapped enhancement layer stream.
  • Fig. 24 is a diagram illustrating an enhancement layer receiving processor of Fig. 21.
  • the enhancement layer receiving processor 1903 includes a convolutional deinterleaver 2201, an external decoder 2203, a TS demultiplexer 1119, and a system decoder 1121.
  • the enhancement layer receiving processor 1903 of Fig. 24 processes an enhancement layer stream transmitted through the enhancement layer transmission processor 610 of Fig. 18. Therefore, the enhancement layer receiving processor 1903 performs a decoding operation corresponding to an encoding scheme used at the enhancement layer transmission processor 610 of Fig. 18 to encode the enhancement layer stream.
  • the convolutional deinterleaver 2201 and the external decoder 223 perform channel decoding.
  • the convolubional deinterleaver 2201 disperses concatenated error by deinterleaving the output signal of the hierarchical DMB receiver 1091.
  • the external decoder 2203 corrects an error signal by decoding the output signal of the convolutional deinterleaver 2201.
  • the TS demultiplexer 1119 demultiplexes the output signal of the external decoder 2203 to multimedia and various supplementary information packets.
  • the system decoder 1121 depacketizes the output signal of the TS demultiplexer 1119 and synchronizes streams and outputs the depacketized and synchronized signal to the video decoder 1905 and the audio decoder 1907.
  • the system decoder 1121 may be an MPEG-4 system decoder.
  • Figs. 25 and 26 are constellations for a Null signal of a base layer stream and a Phase reference signal used in a typical DMB system and a DMB system according to the present invention.
  • hierarchical modulation is not applied to the Null signal of a base layer stream and a phase reference signal because of compatibility with the typical DMB systems. Therefore, a signal with hierarchical modulation applied means a signal excepting the Null signal of the base layer stream and the phase reference signal.
  • Fig. 27 is constellation showing hierarchical symbol mapping performed by a hierarchical symbol mapper 601 when a differential modulator 211 modulates a base layer stream signal based on -4- DQPSK in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. That is, Fig. 27 shows constellation illustrating symbols of an enhancement layer stream that are mapped to each of jr 3 ⁇ r
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 performs hierarchical symbol mapping on an enhancement layer stream signal, which is encoded based on QPSK by gray coding, with a base layer stream signal.
  • the gray coding is an encoding method for allocating and mapping bits to make a bit difference between adjacent signals to be 1-bit. According to the gray coding, the maximum possible error of adjacent signals is 1-bit. According to the constellation shown in Fig.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 performs hierarchical symbol mapping on an enhancement layer stream signal, which is QPSK encoded by gray coding, for (2n+l) th symbols e * ,e 4 ,e 4 ,e ⁇ * o f a base layer stream. That is, the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 performs hierarchical symbol mapping to map the (2n+l) symbols &*,& ' * ,& 4 ,e' * o f a base layer stream and symbols of an enhancement layer stream, which are hierarchical symbol mapped with 2n+l) th symbols e 4 ,e 4 ,e ⁇ ,e 4 of a base layer stream, according to gray coding.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 performs hierarchical symbol mapping to map the 2n+l) th symbols e y ⁇ ,e J;r ,e' x ,e ; ⁇ and the symbols of the enhancement layer stream according to the gray coding.
  • Fig. 28 is constellation showing hierarchical symbol mapping performed by a hierarchical symbol mapper 601 when a differential modulator 211 modulates a base layers stream based on a 4 DQPSK scheme in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. That is, Fig. 28 shows constellation illustrating symbols of an enhancement layer stream hierarchically mapped to each of j ,_: j 3 ;,
  • the hierarchical symbol mapped constellation of Fig. 28 is z ⁇ . ⁇ of Eq. 2.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 hierarchically maps symbols of an enhancement layer stream signal, which is modulated based on QPSK by gray coding, with a base layer stream signal.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 hierarchically maps (2n) th symbols e jO ,e J ⁇ ,e J ⁇ ,e J * o f a base layer stream by shifting phases of symbols of an enhancement layer stream, which is QPSK encoded by gray coding, as much as 4.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 performs hierarchical symbol mapping to map the (2n) th symbols & ja ,& 'z ,e J ⁇ ,e J 2 o f a base layer stream according to gray coding and to map symbols of an enhancement layer stream, which is QPSK encoded by gray
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 may allocate additional information bits by modulating an enhancement layer stream based on 2-ASK, QPSK, or 16-QAM.
  • the number of supplementary information bits may be 1-bit for 2-ASK, 2-bits for QPSK, and 4-bits for 16-QAM.
  • the supplementary information bits are added to 2-bits allocated to a ⁇ DQPSK modulated base layer stream.
  • a ratio ( " ⁇ ) of a constellation distance a of a base layer stream symbol and a constellation distance b of an enhancement layer stream may be changed by controlling sizes of a base layer stream signal and an enhancement layer stream signal according to receiving conditions.
  • Receiving conditions may be the intensity of a receiving signal, data performance utility of data included an enhancement layer stream such as a bit error rate (BER) and a packet error rate (PER) .
  • BER bit error rate
  • PER packet error rate
  • Table 2 shows a symbol mapping function for constellations of Figs. 27 and 28.
  • CC is a ratio ⁇ of a constellation distance a of a base layer stream symbol b.
  • A denotes an information bit corresponding to z /, ⁇
  • B denotes an information bit corresponding to ⁇ ,t ⁇ .
  • Fig. 29 is constellation showing hierarchical symbol mapping performed by a hierarchical symbol mapper 601 when a differential modulator 211 modulates a base layers stream based on a -4- DQPSK scheme in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. That is, Fig. 29 is constellation illustrating symbols of an enhancement layer stream signal hierarchically mapped to
  • the hierarchical symbol mapped constellation of Fig. 29 is z '.* of Eq. 2.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 hierarchically maps symbols of an enhancement layer stream signal, which is QPSK encoded by gray coding by a symbol mappe 207, with a base layer stream signal when symbols of DQPSK base layer stream are (2n+l) th symbols.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 hierarchically maps a symbol of an enhancement layer stream, which is QPSK encoded by gray coding, to a symbol ⁇ & J ⁇ of a base layer stream.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 hierarchically maps symbols of the enhancement layer stream to of the base layer stream by performing 2 , TT, and hase-shifting based on a phase of the symbol of the enhancement layer stream tha is hierarchically mapped to the symbol corresponding to Fig. 30 is constellation showing hierarchical symbol mapping performed by a hierarchical symbol mapper 601 when a differential modulator 211 modulates a base layer stream signal based on - ⁇ - DQPSK in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. That is, Fig. 27 shows constellation illustrating symbols of an enhancement layer stream that are mapped to each of (2n) th symbols by the hierarchically symbol mapper 601, where n is an integer number.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 hierarchically maps symbols of an enhancement layer stream signal, which is QPSK encoded by gray coding by a symbol mapper 207, with a base layer stream signal when symbols of DQPSK base layer stream are (2n) th symbols.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 hierarchically maps a symbol of an enhancement layer stream by shifting a phase of the symbol of the enhancement layer stream, which is
  • QPSK encoded by gray coding as much as 4 for a symbol ⁇ 2 of a base layer stream and hierarchically maps symbols of the enhancement layer stream signal for symbols &M e 2 - &J ° of the base layer stream by performing
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 may allocate additional information bits by modulating an enhancement layer stream based on 2-ASK, QPSK, or 16-QAM.
  • the number of supplementary information bits may be 1-bit for 2-ASK, 2-bits for QPSK, and 4-bits for 16-QAM.
  • the supplementary information bits are added to 2-bits allocated to a ⁇ - DQPSK modulated base layer stream.
  • Table 3 shows a symbol mapping function for constellation shown in Figs. 29 and 30.
  • OC is a ratio ⁇ 2 ⁇ of a constellation distance a of a base layer stream symbol b.
  • A denotes an information bit corresponding to /.* •
  • B denotes an information bit corresponding to ⁇ /,*r.
  • Fig. 31 is constellation showing hierarchical symbol mapping performed by a hierarchical symbol mapper 601 when a differential modulator 211 modulates a base layer stream signal based on 4 DQPSK in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. That is, Fig. 27 shows constellation illustrating symbols of an enhancement layer stream that are mapped to each of (2n+l) th symbols &* ,e ⁇ ,e J ⁇ ,e y"4" by the hierarchically symbol mapper 601, where n is an integer number.
  • the constellation of Fig. 31 is equivalent to z '. fc of Eq. 2.
  • the hierarchically symbol mapper 601 hierarchically maps symbols of an enhancement layer stream signal, which is encoded by the symbol mapper 207 based on QPSK through gray coding, with a base layer stream signal.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 hierarchically maps symbols of an enhancement layer stream signal, which is QPSK encoded by gray coding, for a symbol eJ ⁇ ⁇ of a base layer stream.
  • bit allocation according to gray coding of Fig. 31 is different from bit allocation of Fig. 29.
  • Fig. 32 is constellation showing hierarchical symbol mapping performed by a hierarchical symbol mapper 601 when a differential modulator 211 modulates a base layer stream signal based on ⁇ DQE 3 SK in accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention. That is, Fig. 32 shows constellation illustrating symbols of an enhancement layer stream that are mapped for (2n) th symbols e J °,& Jz ,& Jrr ,e J 2 by the hierarchically symbol mapper 601, where n is an integer number.
  • the constellation of Fig. 32 is equivalent to z '. ⁇ of Eq. 2.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 hierarchically maps symbols of an enhancement layer stream signal, which is QPSK encoded by gray coding by a symbol mapper 207, with a base layer stream signal when
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 hierarchically maps a symbol of an enhancement layer stream by shifting a phase of the symbol of the enhancement layer stream, which is
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 hierarchically maps symbols of an enhancement layer stream for symbols eJ "> e 2 > eJ of a base layer stream by performing ⁇ , TT , and 2 phase shifting based on a phase of the symbol of the enhancement layer stream hierarchically mapped for the symbol ⁇ 2 of a base layer stream.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 601 may allocate additional information bits by modulating an enhancement layer stream based on 2-ASK, QPSK, or 16-QAM.
  • the number of supplementary information bits may be 1-bit for 2-ASK, 2-bits for QPSK, and 4-bits for 16-QAM.
  • the supplementary information bits are added to 2-bits allocated to a -*f DQPSK modulated base layer stream.
  • Table 4 shows a symbol mapping function for constellations of Figs. 31 and 32.
  • OC is a ratio ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ of a constellation distance a of a base layer stream symbol b.
  • A denotes an information bit corresponding to ⁇ '.* ⁇
  • B denotes an information bit corresponding to -1 , K .
  • Fig. 33 is a diagram illustrating a transmitter in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 34 is a diagram illustrating an enhancement layer transmission processor of Fig. 33.
  • the enhancement layer transmission processor 3101 of Fig. 34 includes a system encoder 401, a TS multiplexer 403, an external encoder 1601, a convolutional interleaver 111, an energy dispersal scrambler 201, an internal encoder 1701, a time interleaver 205, a symbol mapper 207, and a frequency interleaver 209.
  • the constituent elements of the enhancement layer transmission processor 3101 are identical to those included in the enhancement layer transmission processor 1509 and the hierarchical DMB transmitter 1511 shown in Figs. 18 to 20.
  • Fig. 35 is a diagram ilLustrating a receiver in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Differences between the receivers of Figs. 21 and 35 are a hierarchical DAB receiver 1101 and an enhancement layer receiving processor 3301. The hierarchical DAB receiver 1101 was described with reference to Fig. 14, and the enhancement layer receiving processor 3301 will be described with reference to Fig. 36.
  • Fig. 36 is a diagram illustrating an enhancement layer receiving processor of Fig. 35. That is, the enhancement layer receiving processor of Fig. 36 has a structure corresponding to the structure of the enhancement layer transmission processor 3101 of Fig. 34. As shown in Fig. 36, the enhancement layer receiving processor 3301 includes a hierarchical symbol demapper 2001, a frequency deinterleaver 1207, a symbol demapper 1209, a time deinterleaver 1211, an internal decoder 2003 and an energy dispersal descrambler 1214, a convoluti onal deinterleaver 2201, an external decoder 2203, a TS demultiplexer 1119, and a system decoder 1121. The constituent elements of the enhancement layer receiving processor 3301 are identical to those included in the enhancement layer receiving processor 730 and the hierarchical DMB transmitter 710 shown in Figs. 22 and 24,
  • the base layer transmission processor 307 is commonly used in the transmitters shown in Figs. 3, 12, and 17.
  • the base layer receiving processor 1103 is commonly used in the receivers shown in Figs. 13, 16, and 21.
  • the enhancement layer transmission processor 305 and the hierarchical DAB transmitter 309 included in the transmitters shown in Figs. 3 and 13 can be replaced with the enhancement layer transmission processor 1509 and the hierarchical DMB transmitter 1511 included in the transmitter of Fig. 17.
  • the enhancement layer receiving processor 1105 and the hierarchical DAB receiver 1101 included in the receivers of Figs. 13 and 16 may be replaced with the enhancement layer receiving processor 1903 and the hierarchical DMB receiver 1901 included in the Fig. 21.
  • a stream of an MSC can be processed to an enhancement layer stream by applying hierarchical modulation.
  • a stream of a FIC providing system information can be processed to an enhancement layer stream by applying hierarchical modulation.
  • Information about hierarchical modulation is transmitted through a FIC.
  • the information about hierarchical modulation may include whether hierarchical modulation is applied or not, a hierarchical modulation scheme, a coding rate of a channel encoder, and information about services related to an enhancement layer.
  • the receiver according to the present invention receives the transmitted enhancement layer information.
  • the operations of the constituent elements of the transmitter and the receiver according to the present invention can be easily understood in a process view point. Therefore, the operations of the constituent elements of the transmitter and the receiver according to the present invention can be understood as steps forming a transmitting method and a receiving method according to the scope of the present invention.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil et un procédé destinés à être utilisés dans un service de diffusion multimédia numérique (DMB). L'émetteur DMB comprend un processeur de transmission de couche de base permettant de coder un flux de couche de base, un processeur de transmission de couche de renforcement permettant de coder un flux de couche de renforcement et un émetteur hiérarchique permettant d'émettre le flux de couche de base et le flux de couche de renforcement en affectant une valeur binaire prédéterminée par codage du flux de couche de base émis par le processeur de transmission de couche de base et du flux de couche de renforcement émis par le processeur de transmission de couche de renforcement sur la base du code Gray et en effectuant une concordance de symboles hiérarchiques.
PCT/KR2007/006324 2006-12-06 2007-12-06 Appareil et procédé pour service de diffusion multimédia numérique WO2008069600A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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CN2007800509486A CN101601290B (zh) 2006-12-06 2007-12-06 用于数字多媒体广播服务的设备和方法
EP07851295A EP2100450A4 (fr) 2006-12-06 2007-12-06 Appareil et procédé pour service de diffusion multimédia numérique

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KR20060123295 2006-12-06
KR10-2007-0075106 2007-07-26
KR20070075106 2007-07-26
KR20070076327 2007-07-30
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EP2200307A2 (fr) * 2008-12-11 2010-06-23 Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Système de réception et de transmission AT-DMB pour fournir un service de diffusion à accès conditionnel et procédé associé
EP2316225A2 (fr) * 2008-08-14 2011-05-04 Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Appareil d'émission et de réception de diffusion multimédia numérique et procédé correspondant
EP2346192A1 (fr) * 2009-11-30 2011-07-20 Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Appareil et procédé de réception de signal
EP2285091A3 (fr) * 2009-08-11 2014-08-20 Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Dispositif et procédé pour recevoir des signaux de diffusion
EP2345242A4 (fr) * 2008-10-07 2015-08-05 Korea Electronics Telecomm Procede d'emission et de réception et dispositif de fourniture de services de diffusion à acces conditionnel
EP2467987A4 (fr) * 2009-08-19 2017-06-07 Texas Instruments Incorporated Code de répétition concaténé avec un code convolutionnel
US9985747B2 (en) 2015-03-20 2018-05-29 Lg Electronics Inc. Apparatus and method for receiving broadcast signals

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KR102384585B1 (ko) * 2013-11-19 2022-04-11 삼성전자주식회사 방송 혹은 통신 시스템에서 스케일러블 비디오 코딩 방법 및 장치
KR102318257B1 (ko) * 2014-02-25 2021-10-28 한국전자통신연구원 레이어드 디비전 멀티플렉싱을 이용한 신호 멀티플렉싱 장치 및 신호 멀티플렉싱 방법
KR102459600B1 (ko) * 2015-01-15 2022-10-28 한국전자통신연구원 스케일러블 비디오 컨텐츠 방송 장치 및 이를 이용한 방법
KR102553316B1 (ko) * 2015-03-06 2023-07-10 한국전자통신연구원 레이어드 디비전 멀티플렉싱을 이용한 방송 신호 프레임 생성 장치 및 방송 신호 프레임 생성 방법
CN109218792A (zh) * 2017-06-29 2019-01-15 上海数字电视国家工程研究中心有限公司 解复用方法

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2316225A2 (fr) * 2008-08-14 2011-05-04 Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Appareil d'émission et de réception de diffusion multimédia numérique et procédé correspondant
EP2316225A4 (fr) * 2008-08-14 2012-02-22 Korea Electronics Telecomm Appareil d'émission et de réception de diffusion multimédia numérique et procédé correspondant
EP2345242A4 (fr) * 2008-10-07 2015-08-05 Korea Electronics Telecomm Procede d'emission et de réception et dispositif de fourniture de services de diffusion à acces conditionnel
EP2200307A2 (fr) * 2008-12-11 2010-06-23 Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Système de réception et de transmission AT-DMB pour fournir un service de diffusion à accès conditionnel et procédé associé
EP2200307A3 (fr) * 2008-12-11 2011-01-05 Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Système de réception et de transmission AT-DMB pour fournir un service de diffusion à accès conditionnel et procédé associé
EP2285091A3 (fr) * 2009-08-11 2014-08-20 Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Dispositif et procédé pour recevoir des signaux de diffusion
EP2467987A4 (fr) * 2009-08-19 2017-06-07 Texas Instruments Incorporated Code de répétition concaténé avec un code convolutionnel
EP2346192A1 (fr) * 2009-11-30 2011-07-20 Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Appareil et procédé de réception de signal
US9985747B2 (en) 2015-03-20 2018-05-29 Lg Electronics Inc. Apparatus and method for receiving broadcast signals

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EP2100450A4 (fr) 2012-02-29
KR101314249B1 (ko) 2013-10-02
EP2100450A1 (fr) 2009-09-16
KR20080052459A (ko) 2008-06-11
CN101601290B (zh) 2012-02-08
CN101601290A (zh) 2009-12-09

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