WO2008068373A1 - Electrically activated system for changing variable pitch - Google Patents

Electrically activated system for changing variable pitch Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008068373A1
WO2008068373A1 PCT/ES2007/070203 ES2007070203W WO2008068373A1 WO 2008068373 A1 WO2008068373 A1 WO 2008068373A1 ES 2007070203 W ES2007070203 W ES 2007070203W WO 2008068373 A1 WO2008068373 A1 WO 2008068373A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
variable pitch
change system
converter
motor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2007/070203
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Francisco Javier Echarte Casquero
Javier Vazquez Mato
Original Assignee
Gamesa Innovation & Technology, S.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gamesa Innovation & Technology, S.L. filed Critical Gamesa Innovation & Technology, S.L.
Publication of WO2008068373A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008068373A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/70—Bearing or lubricating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/50—Kinematic linkage, i.e. transmission of position
    • F05B2260/507—Kinematic linkage, i.e. transmission of position using servos, independent actuators, etc.
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/76—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism using auxiliary power sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/79—Bearing, support or actuation arrangements therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates, as its own title indicates, to a pitch change system or pitch system that is electrically operated by a ball or roller spindle.
  • the step change control system allows optimum extraction over a wide range of wind speeds, also allowing for a high wind safety system. For this they carry complex moving parts associated.
  • the element that connects the blade with the bushing must allow its rotation around its longitudinal axis. Because the angles and the speed of rotation of the blade are reduced, the support systems are usually ball bearings that are subject to heavy loads at times of bending.
  • the rotation system drive consists of an actuator, electric or hydraulic, that transmits the rotation movement to the blade through an additional element such as sprockets, linear actuators, etc.
  • the state of the existing technique for moving a crown is based on the use of a gear of the pinion and rack type (Enercon and G.E.) or of the crank-crank type (Gamesa and Vestas), and there may be other systems such as toothed belts
  • step change systems that are currently mounted on wind turbines with power control by means of the variation of the pitch angle of the blades are based on one of the following actuation mechanisms:
  • spindle type actuators are very physically similar to those used in hydraulic systems. This similarity makes it possible that the interfaces of the spindle (in case of using one per machine) or of the spindles (in case of using one per blade) with the wind turbine can be identical to those used by existing hydraulic actuators; Which implies a total interchangeability between both systems. This would allow wind turbine manufacturers that base their pitch system on hydraulics to make a change to an electric pitch system without having to make major modifications in the design of components such as the bushing or the blade bearing; minimizing the economic impact of the change.
  • Figure 1 is a general view of the bushing and the pitch change systems included in said bushing.
  • Figure 2 represents a sectional view of the interior of the bushing in which the configuration of the linear actuator and its integration with the blade can be seen in greater detail. - TO -
  • Figure 3 shows a diagram of the electrical circuit of the step change system.
  • the pitch change systems are formed by electric actuators (1) and are included in the hub itself (2).
  • An actuator (1) is available for each blade (not shown in the drawing). This provides great precision, superior to that achieved in hydraulic changeover systems.
  • the union of the actuator (1) to the bushing (2) is done through wrists (3) that allow its rotation in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the blade.
  • the interface with the blade consists of a crank-crank mechanism formed by a fork (4) attached on one side to the spindle (5) by means of a threaded joint (6), and on the other to a bolt (7) solidly connected to in turn with the inner ring (8) of the blade bearing (it is a ring that rotates with the blade), through some blade plates (9).
  • the spindle drive will be carried out by electric motors (11) conveniently sized according to needs.
  • the control of the position of the blades will be carried out by means of linear position sensors placed inside the spindles (5) and controlled at all times by a control system.
  • Various control loops will allow controlling the rotation of the blades (10) in position, speed and acceleration.
  • Said batteries include high capacity capacitors and are capable of feeding not only the electric motors (11), but also the position sensors and the PLC, so that the position of the blades during the emergency can be controlled at all times.
  • the electric motor (11) is used for the movement of at least one of the blades (10).
  • a converter (12) regulates the movement of the motor (11) allowing it to develop sufficient torque and speed for the movement of the blade (10). In the same way the converter (12) controls the frequency, voltage and intensity necessary for the motor (11).
  • the converter (12) is powered either by the batteries (13) or by the network (17).
  • the change of power supply is commanded from a switch operated from the cabinet.
  • the motor (11) is equipped with brakes that allow the blade (10) to be fixed in the desired position.
  • the motor (11) In case of failure of the converter (12) the motor (11) must switch to the emergency circuit (shown in broken lines). In the solution of ce. (15) the motor (11) is connected directly to the battery (13) and in the solution of c.a. (16) the motor (11) is connected directly to the network (17) or to the converter (18) of the generator (19).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

System for changing variable pitch electrically activated by a motor which moves at least one blade. The electric activator is integrated in the actual bushing and connection thereof is effected by means of journals which allow for rotation thereof. The interface with the blade (10) consists in a connecting rod-crank mechanism formed by a fork joint (4) linked on one side to the spindle (5) by means of a threaded connection (6), and on the other side to a rivet (7) rigidly connected in turn to the internal ring (8) of the blade bearing, by means of blade plates (9). Position detectors inside the spindles (5) create control links to determine the position, speed and acceleration of the blades. The converter (12) is supplied by the mains (17) and by high-capacity batteries/condensers (13).

Description

SISTEMA DE CAMBIO DE PASO VARIABLE ACCIONADO ELÉCTRICAMENTE ELECTRICAL OPERATED VARIABLE PASSAGE CHANGE SYSTEM
Objeto de Ia invención.Object of the invention.
La presente invención se refiere, como su propio título indica, a un sistema de cambio de paso o sistema de pitch que está accionado eléctricamente mediante un husillo de bolas o de rodillos.The present invention relates, as its own title indicates, to a pitch change system or pitch system that is electrically operated by a ball or roller spindle.
Es de especial aplicación para los aerogeneradores de cambio de paso variable.It is of special application for variable pitch change wind turbines.
Antecedentes de Ia i nvención.Background of the invention.
Existe una tendencia generalizada hacia las máquinas tripala en las que por razones de seguridad por un lado y con objeto de mejorar Ia productividad mediante técnicas de control por otro, se utilizan actuadotes independientes en cada una de las palas.There is a general tendency towards gut machines in which, for safety reasons on the one hand and in order to improve productivity through control techniques on the other, independent actuators are used in each of the blades.
El sistema de control por cambio de paso permite Ia extracción óptima en un amplio margen de velocidades de viento, permitiendo además contar con un sistema de seguridad contra altos vientos. Para ello llevan asociados complejas partes móviles. En el mecanismo de cambio de paso el elemento que conecta Ia pala con el buje debe permitir el giro de esta alrededor de su eje longitudinal. Debido a que los ángulos y Ia velocidad de giro de Ia pala son reducidos, los sistemas de soporte son habitualmente rodamientos de bolas "ball bearing" que están sometidos a fuertes cargas por momentos de flexión. El accionamiento del sistema de giro consta de un actuador, eléctrico o hidráulico, que transmite el movimiento de giro a Ia pala a través de un elemento adicional como ruedas dentadas, actuadores lineales, etc.The step change control system allows optimum extraction over a wide range of wind speeds, also allowing for a high wind safety system. For this they carry complex moving parts associated. In the change-over mechanism, the element that connects the blade with the bushing must allow its rotation around its longitudinal axis. Because the angles and the speed of rotation of the blade are reduced, the support systems are usually ball bearings that are subject to heavy loads at times of bending. The rotation system drive consists of an actuator, electric or hydraulic, that transmits the rotation movement to the blade through an additional element such as sprockets, linear actuators, etc.
El estado de Ia técnica existente para mover una corona está basado en el uso de un engranaje del tipo piñón y cremallera (Enercon y G.E.) o del tipo biela-manivela (Gamesa y Vestas), y pueden existir otros sistemas como el de correas dentadasThe state of the existing technique for moving a crown is based on the use of a gear of the pinion and rack type (Enercon and G.E.) or of the crank-crank type (Gamesa and Vestas), and there may be other systems such as toothed belts
(Vensys). La patente WO 00/09885 de Neg Micon presenta un método para ajustar el pitch y consecuentemente para ajustar Ia rotación de las palas, mediante el funcionamiento de un engranaje piñón y cremallera capaz de rotar Ia pala en su eje longitudinal. Por su parte la patente EP 1126163 de Turbowinds presenta un sistema de pitch que consta de un eje central para el cambio de pitch que desliza por unas guías y dispone en sus extremos de dispositivos de alineación. Todo el sistema está accionado por un sistema hidráulico como los habitualmente utilizados en los aerogeneradores actuales.(Vensys) WO 00/09885 patent of Neg Micon presents a method to adjust the pitch and consequently to adjust the rotation of the blades, by means of the operation of a pinion and rack gear capable of rotating the blade in its longitudinal axis. For its part, the patent EP 1126163 of Turbowinds presents a pitch system that consists of a central axis for the change of pitch that slides through guides and has alignment devices at its ends. The entire system is powered by a hydraulic system like those commonly used in current wind turbines.
La patente EP 1306558 de Snecma muestra otro sistema de pitch que está regulado por un sistema combinado eléctrico e hidráulico. La sincronización está comandada por un pistón hidráulico, siendo el motor eléctrico el que comanda el cilindro de alta presión del pistón. Y por último, Ia patente US 2005685694 de Sundstrand muestra un sistema de pitch especialmente diseñado para aeronaves, que incorpora un mecanismo de protección de sobrevelocidad independiente del sistema de pitch y que utiliza un actuador lineal accionado por un motor eléctrico.The patent EP 1306558 of Snecma shows another pitch system that is regulated by a combined electric and hydraulic system. The synchronization is commanded by a hydraulic piston, the electric motor being the one that commands the high pressure cylinder of the piston. And finally, US patent 2005685694 of Sundstrand shows a pitch system specially designed for aircraft, which incorporates an overspeed protection mechanism independent of the pitch system and uses a linear actuator driven by an electric motor.
Con objeto se subsanar las carencias existentes relativas a un sistema de cambio de paso variable accionado mediante un actuador lineal controlado mediante husillos que puede actuar sobre una o varias palas independientemente y que está accionado eléctricamente, se ha desarrollado Ia presente invención.In order to correct the existing deficiencies related to a variable pitch change system driven by a linear actuator controlled by spindles that can act on one or several blades independently and that is electrically operated, the present invention has been developed.
Descripción de Ia invención.Description of the invention.
Los sistemas de cambio de paso que se montan actualmente en los aerogeneradores con control de potencia mediante Ia variación del ángulo de pitch de las palas están basados en uno de los siguientes mecanismos de actuación:The step change systems that are currently mounted on wind turbines with power control by means of the variation of the pitch angle of the blades are based on one of the following actuation mechanisms:
- Mecanismo tipo engranaje piñón-corona formado por uno o varios piñones por pala con accionamiento eléctrico.- Pinion-crown gear type mechanism consisting of one or more pinions per blade with electric drive.
- Mecanismo tipo biela-manivela formado por uno o varios cilindros actuados hidráulicamente.- Crank-crank mechanism formed by one or several hydraulically operated cylinders.
- Correa dentada.- Toothed belt.
Además de los mecanismos de actuación mencionados, se plantea Ia posibilidad de utilizar actuadotes lineales tipo husillo (de bolas o de rodillos según necesidades de capacidad de carga y precisión de posicionamiento) controlados eléctricamente, Io cual supone las siguientes ventajas con respecto a los sistemas anteriores,:In addition to the aforementioned actuation mechanisms, the possibility of using spindle-type linear actuators (of balls or rollers according to needs of load capacity and positioning precision) electrically controlled is considered, which assumes the following advantages over previous systems ,:
- Mayor precisión de posicionamiento de las palas.- Greater positioning accuracy of the blades.
- Mayor rapidez de actuación sobre el ángulo de pitch. - Mayor simplicidad constructiva frente a Ia opción hidráulica (eliminación del Grupo hidráulico, junta rotativa hidráulica, filtros, racorería, mangueras...), Io cual contribuye a reducir sustancialmente las operaciones de mantenimiento en el sistema de cambio de paso. - Mayor limpieza frente a Ia opción hidráulica (pequeñas fugas en racores y mangueras o durante operaciones de mantenimiento...)- Greater speed of action on the pitch angle. - Greater constructive simplicity compared to the hydraulic option (elimination of the Hydraulic Group, hydraulic rotary joint, filters, fittings, hoses ...), which contributes to substantially reduce maintenance operations in the changeover system. - Greater cleaning against the hydraulic option (small leaks in fittings and hoses or during maintenance operations ...)
- Menor impacto ambiental frente a Ia opción hidráulica (se evita el consumo de cientos de litros de aceite en cada aerogenerador a Io largo de su vida)- Lower environmental impact compared to the hydraulic option (the consumption of hundreds of liters of oil in each wind turbine is avoided throughout its life)
- Mayor compacidad del sistema, ya que todo el accionamiento eléctrico se encuentra en el buje- Greater compactness of the system, since the entire electric drive is in the bushing
- Menor variabilidad de las condiciones de actuación frente a un sistema hidráulico (Influencia importante de Ia temperatura en Ia viscosidad del aceite...)- Lower variability of the operating conditions in front of a hydraulic system (Important influence of the temperature on the viscosity of the oil ...)
- Mayor control de Ia posición de las palas durante las maniobas de parada de emergencia (control continuo durante toda Ia emergencia) gracias a las baterías de condensadores; Io cual implica una reducción de cargas sustancial en los diversos componentes del aerogenerador- Greater control of the position of the blades during emergency stop maneuvers (continuous control throughout the emergency) thanks to the capacitor banks; Which implies a substantial load reduction in the various components of the wind turbine
Otra ventaja importante de los actuadotes tipo husillo es que son muy similares físicamente a los usados en sistemas hidráulicos. Dicha similitud hace posible que los interfaces del husillo (en caso de utilizar uno por máquina) o de los husillos (en caso de utilizar uno por pala) con el aerogenerador puedan ser idénticos a los utilizados por los actuadores hidráulicos ya existentes; Io cual implica una total intercambiabilidad entre ambos sistemas. Esto permitiría a los fabricantes de aerogeneradores que basan su sistema de pitch en Ia hidráulica realizar un cambio a un sistema de pitch eléctrico sin tener que realizar modificaciones importantes en el diseño de componentes como pueden ser el buje o el rodamiento de pala; reduciendo al mínimo el impacto económico del cambio.Another important advantage of spindle type actuators is that they are very physically similar to those used in hydraulic systems. This similarity makes it possible that the interfaces of the spindle (in case of using one per machine) or of the spindles (in case of using one per blade) with the wind turbine can be identical to those used by existing hydraulic actuators; Which implies a total interchangeability between both systems. This would allow wind turbine manufacturers that base their pitch system on hydraulics to make a change to an electric pitch system without having to make major modifications in the design of components such as the bushing or the blade bearing; minimizing the economic impact of the change.
Breve descripción de los dibujos.Brief description of the drawings.
La figura 1 es una vista general del buje y de los sistemas de cambio de paso incluidos en dicho buje.Figure 1 is a general view of the bushing and the pitch change systems included in said bushing.
La figura 2 representa una vista seccionada del interior del buje en Ia que se pueden apreciar con mayor detalle Ia configuración del actuador lineal y su integración con Ia pala. - A -Figure 2 represents a sectional view of the interior of the bushing in which the configuration of the linear actuator and its integration with the blade can be seen in greater detail. - TO -
La figura 3 muestra un esquema del circuito eléctrico del sistema de cambio de paso.Figure 3 shows a diagram of the electrical circuit of the step change system.
Descripción de una realización preferencial.Description of a preferred embodiment.
Para explicar más en detalle el sistema de cambio de paso propuesto, se presenta su aplicación concreta en un aerogenerador de 2MW con control del ángulo de pitch independiente en cada pala:To explain in more detail the proposed step change system, its concrete application is presented in a 2MW wind turbine with independent pitch angle control in each blade:
Tal y como se muestra en las figuras 1 y 2, los sistemas de cambio de paso están formados por actuadores eléctricos (1 ) y están incluidos en el propio buje (2). Se dispone de un actuador (1 ) para cada pala (no mostrada en el dibujo). Esto proporciona una gran precisión, superior a Ia alcanzada en sistemas hidráulicos de cambio de paso.As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the pitch change systems are formed by electric actuators (1) and are included in the hub itself (2). An actuator (1) is available for each blade (not shown in the drawing). This provides great precision, superior to that achieved in hydraulic changeover systems.
La unión del actuador (1 ) al buje (2) se hace a través de unas muñequillas (3) que permiten su giro en un plano perpendicular al eje de giro de Ia pala. El interface con Ia pala consiste en un mecanismo tipo biela-manivela formado por una horquilla (4) unida por un lado al husillo (5) mediante una unión roscada (6), y por el otro a un bulón (7) conectado sólidamente a su vez con el anillo interior (8) del rodamiento de pala (es un anillo que gira con Ia pala), a través de unos platos (9) de pala. El accionamiento de los husillos se llevará a cabo mediante motores eléctricos (11 ) convenientemente dimensionados según necesidades.The union of the actuator (1) to the bushing (2) is done through wrists (3) that allow its rotation in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the blade. The interface with the blade consists of a crank-crank mechanism formed by a fork (4) attached on one side to the spindle (5) by means of a threaded joint (6), and on the other to a bolt (7) solidly connected to in turn with the inner ring (8) of the blade bearing (it is a ring that rotates with the blade), through some blade plates (9). The spindle drive will be carried out by electric motors (11) conveniently sized according to needs.
El control de Ia posición de las palas se realizará mediante sensores de posición lineales colocados en el interior de los husillos (5) y controlados en todo momento por un sistema de control. Diversos lazos de control permitirán controlar el giro de las palas (10) en posición, velocidad y aceleración.The control of the position of the blades will be carried out by means of linear position sensors placed inside the spindles (5) and controlled at all times by a control system. Various control loops will allow controlling the rotation of the blades (10) in position, speed and acceleration.
Las operaciones de emergencia durante las cuales no se disponga de tensión, estarán cubiertas mediante baterías eléctricas (13) dimensionadas a tal efecto. Dichas baterías incluyen condensadores de alta capacidad y son capaces de alimentar no sólo los motores eléctricos (11 ), sino también los sensores de posición y el PLC, de modo que Ia posición de las palas durante Ia emergencia pueda ser controlada en todo momento.Emergency operations during which no voltage is available will be covered by electric batteries (13) sized for this purpose. Said batteries include high capacity capacitors and are capable of feeding not only the electric motors (11), but also the position sensors and the PLC, so that the position of the blades during the emergency can be controlled at all times.
Tal y como se muestra en el esquema del circuito eléctrico de Ia figura 3.As shown in the diagram of the electrical circuit of Figure 3.
El motor eléctrico (11 ) se utiliza para el movimiento de al menos una de las palas (10). Un convertidor (12) regula el movimiento del motor (11 ) permitiéndole desarrollar par y velocidad suficientes para el movimiento de Ia pala (10). De igual forma el convertidor (12) controla frecuencia, voltaje e intensidad necesarias para el motor (11 ).The electric motor (11) is used for the movement of at least one of the blades (10). A converter (12) regulates the movement of the motor (11) allowing it to develop sufficient torque and speed for the movement of the blade (10). In the same way the converter (12) controls the frequency, voltage and intensity necessary for the motor (11).
El convertidor (12) está alimentado bien por las baterías (13) o bien por Ia red (17). Comandándose el cambio de alimentación eléctrica desde un interruptor accionado desde el armario. El motor (11 ) está equipado con frenos que permiten mantener Ia pala (10) fija en Ia posición deseada.The converter (12) is powered either by the batteries (13) or by the network (17). The change of power supply is commanded from a switch operated from the cabinet. The motor (11) is equipped with brakes that allow the blade (10) to be fixed in the desired position.
En caso de fallo del convertidor (12) el motor (11 ) debe cambiar al circuito de emergencia (mostrado en líneas discontinuas). En Ia solución de ce. (15) el motor (11 ) está conectado directamente a Ia batería (13) y en Ia solución de c.a. (16) el motor (11 ) se conecta directamente a Ia red (17) o al convertidor (18) del generador (19). In case of failure of the converter (12) the motor (11) must switch to the emergency circuit (shown in broken lines). In the solution of ce. (15) the motor (11) is connected directly to the battery (13) and in the solution of c.a. (16) the motor (11) is connected directly to the network (17) or to the converter (18) of the generator (19).

Claims

Reivindicaciones. Claims
1.- Sistema de cambio de paso de los que actúa sobre una o varias palas (10)1.- Step change system that acts on one or several blades (10)
5 permitiendo que estas giren independientemente y que está accionado por un motor eléctrico (11 ), caracterizado porque el mecanismo de empuje está integrado en el buje (2) del aerogenerador, el movimiento de al menos una pala (10) se realiza por el accionamiento de un tándem biela-manivela, el empuje sobre el plato de Ia pala (9) Io ejerce un actuador lineal (1 ) tipo husillo (5) de bolas o rodillos y el convertidor (12) delo motor está alimentado eléctricamente bien desde las baterías/condensadores (13) o bien desde Ia red (17) indistintamente, comandándose tal acción mediante un interruptor de control.5 allowing these to rotate independently and which is driven by an electric motor (11), characterized in that the thrust mechanism is integrated in the hub (2) of the wind turbine, the movement of at least one blade (10) is performed by the drive of a tandem-crank tandem, the thrust on the plate of the blade (9) exerts a linear actuator (1) spindle type (5) of balls or rollers and the converter (12) of the motor is electrically fed well from the batteries / capacitors (13) or from the network (17) interchangeably, such action being commanded by a control switch.
2.- Sistema de cambio de paso variable accionado eléctricamente según reivindicación 1 §, caracterizado porque el interface con Ia pala (10) consiste en un5 mecanismo tipo biela-manivela formado por una horquilla (4) unida por un lado al husillo (5) mediante una unión roscada (6), y por el otro a un bulón (7) conectado sólidamente a su vez con el anillo interior (8) del rodamiento de pala, a través de unos platos (9) de pala.2.- change system variable pitch driven electrically according to claim 1 §, characterized in that the interface with the blade (10) is rod-crank mechanism UN5 type formed by a fork (4) connected on one side to the spindle (5) by means of a threaded joint (6), and on the other to a bolt (7) solidly connected in turn with the inner ring (8) of the blade bearing, through a blade plates (9).
3.- Sistema de cambio de paso variable accionado eléctricamente según 0 reivindicación 1 §, caracterizado porque Ia unión del actuador (1 ) al buje (2) se hace a través de unas muñequillas (3) que permiten su giro en un plano perpendicular al eje de giro de Ia pala (10).3.- Electrically operated variable pitch change system according to 0 claim 1 § , characterized in that the actuator (1) is connected to the bushing (2) by means of wrists (3) that allow its rotation in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the blade (10).
4.- Sistema de cambio de paso variable accionado eléctricamente según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque existen lazos de control para Ia posición 5 y velocidad de las palas alimentados por sensores de posición colocados en el interior de los husillos (5).4. Variable pitch change system electrically operated according to previous claims, characterized in that there are control loops for position 5 and speed of the blades fed by position sensors placed inside the spindles (5).
5.- Sistema de cambio de paso variable accionado eléctricamente según reivindicación 1 -, caracterizado porque en caso de fallo del convertidor (12) el motor (11 ) cambia al circuito de emergencia conectándose directamente a Ia batería (13) en Ia o solución de ce. (15) y conectándose directamente a Ia red (17) o al convertidor (18) del generador (19) en Ia solución de c.a. (16)5.- Electrically operated variable pitch change system according to claim 1 -, characterized in that in case of failure of the converter (12) the motor (11) changes to the emergency circuit by connecting directly to the battery (13) in the solution or solution EC. (15) and connecting directly to the network (17) or to the converter (18) of the generator (19) in the solution of c.a. (16)
6.- Sistema de cambio de paso variable accionado eléctricamente según reivindicación 1 §, caracterizado porque las baterías/condensadores son de alta capacidad. 6. change system variable pitch driven electrically according to claim 1 §, characterized in that the batteries / capacitors are high capacity.
PCT/ES2007/070203 2006-12-05 2007-12-05 Electrically activated system for changing variable pitch WO2008068373A1 (en)

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ESP200603119 2006-12-05
ES200603119A ES2308911B1 (en) 2006-12-05 2006-12-05 ELECTRICAL OPERATED VARIABLE PASSAGE CHANGE SYSTEM.

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EP2253840A1 (en) * 2009-05-20 2010-11-24 Mait - S.P.A. Wind turbine and blade pitch adjusting device
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WO2011042375A1 (en) * 2009-10-07 2011-04-14 Ssb Wind Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Rotor for a wind power plant
CN102032100A (en) * 2009-10-07 2011-04-27 Ssb风系统两合公司 Rotor for a wind power plant
US20120189445A1 (en) * 2009-10-07 2012-07-26 Ssb Wind Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Rotor for a wind turbine
KR101433741B1 (en) * 2009-10-07 2014-08-25 에스에스비 윈드 시스템즈 게엠베하 운트 코 카게 Rotor for a wind power plant
CN102080623A (en) * 2009-11-26 2011-06-01 Ssb风系统两合公司 Rotor for a wind power plant
US20150016998A1 (en) * 2012-02-06 2015-01-15 Alstom Renovables España, S.L. Wind turbine rotor
EP2886858A1 (en) * 2013-12-19 2015-06-24 Acciona Windpower S.a. Wind turbine with blade pitch system
EP2886858B1 (en) 2013-12-19 2018-11-28 Acciona Windpower S.a. Wind turbine with blade pitch system
WO2016142055A1 (en) * 2015-03-11 2016-09-15 Liebherr-Components Biberach Gmbh Control unit for controlling the pitch of a rotor blade, and a wind turbine comprising such a control unit
WO2016142054A1 (en) * 2015-03-11 2016-09-15 Liebherr-Components Biberach Gmbh Control unit for controlling the pitch of a rotor blade, and a wind turbine comprising such a control unit
US20180051671A1 (en) * 2015-03-11 2018-02-22 Liebherr-Components Biberach Gmbh Adjustment unit for adjusting the pitch of a rotor blade, and wind turbine with such an adjustment unit
US10590913B2 (en) 2015-03-11 2020-03-17 Liebherr-Components Biberach Gmbh Adjustment unit for adjusting the pitch of a rotor blade, and wind turbine with such an adjustment unit
US10794361B2 (en) 2015-03-11 2020-10-06 Liebherr-Components Biberach Gmbh Adjustment unit for adjusting the pitch of a rotor blade, and wind turbine with such an adjustment unit

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