WO2008065210A1

WO2008065210A1 - Power tool for scraping single-layer coatings

Info

Publication number: WO2008065210A1
Application number: PCT/ES2006/000665
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ernesto Antelo Pensado
Original assignee: Teais, S.A.
Priority date: 2006-11-29
Filing date: 2006-11-29
Publication date: 2008-06-05

Abstract

Power tool for scraping single-layer coatings on walls of construction works, formed, as the first element, by a rotating scraper-polisher (1), based on a disc or circular trowel (4) with sacrificial steel tips (5) suitably distributed over its surface, a cover (6) for securing the tips, a protective cover (10) for closing the device and a side protection ring (2), and as the second element, by a unit for transferring the revolutions of a low-voltage direct current motor to the scraper disk, protected by an elbow-shaped housing (2) and, as the third element, by a cylindrical handle (3) with a switch (18) which contains said motor. The special distribution of the tips on the scraper disk and the low-speed revolutions thereof, achieve application of a perfect finish to single-layer mortars, using a lightweight ergonomic machine.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Motorized tool for scraping monolayer coatings. -

The present invention aims at a motorized tool for scraping monolayer coatings on the walls and walls of buildings and construction sites.

This tool, which due to its design and low weight is easily transportable and usable by the operator, is inspired by the traditional trowel trowel used in the scraping of monolayer mortars manually, which is transformed into a circular disk or trowel with a plurality of replaceable steel tips, strategically distributed on its surface, which rotates automatically at a convenient low speed, within an assembly that is easily displaced by the user along the width and width of the walls to be set. The rest of the equipment is made up of the elements of that motorized assembly that cause the disk to rotate by simply pressing a switch and achieving it in the most ergonomic way possible, such as a rotary scraper or polisher, which ends in said circular disk or trowel, a speed converter group from the disk coupling shaft of the scraper to the shaft of a current motor continues at low voltage, inside an elbow-shaped housing, and a cylindrical handle that emerges from that housing parallel to the disk plane, which encloses the aforementioned power generating equipment. The handle, where the switch is located, carries a cable connecting the machine to a transportable battery or to the general mains. The distribution of the steel tips on the surface of the rotating disk is such that when the mortar scraping operation is performed, said tips describe spiral paths that allow for a uniform and perfect mortar texture.

The invention therefore finds direct application in the field of construction tools and machinery and, in particular, in those used for plastering, finishing or coating with monolayer mortars of the walls and walls of buildings.

STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE. -

The monolayer mortar is a mortar that is used for cladding and protecting the facades against rain. Its formulation contains in addition to the usual components of a traditional mortar (sand, water and cement or lime binder) the addition of other special additives such as water retainers, aerators, fibers, light aggregates, resins, pigments, etc., which they confer special properties and colorations that differentiate them from normal mortars.

The monolayer mortar is a mortar ready for use, without adding the proportion of water necessary to achieve the desired consistency in the prepared paste, which can be applied to almost all types of bases or supports, such as concrete, concrete blocks, ceramic brick factory, cement mortar plasters, sillar stone, etc., and usually directly on the base or support, achieving in most cases the final finish in the same work operation . These qualities of monolayer mortars make them one of the most used materials in construction, achieving different types of coatings or finishes in the walls and walls of buildings, among which the stone projected stands out and, within the most traditional , the one of scraping, tyrolean or rustic drop, chafado, and the smooth one or fratasado.

Among all those possible endings that can be achieved with monolayer mortars, it is the scraping or scratching that most closely resembles traditional plasters, since its appearance is that of a smooth coating, with small coke, reminiscent of the stone bush hammered

This scraping termination starts from a common monolayer plastering procedure, that is, by casting a layer of mortar on the wall to be plastered. The termination is then achieved by partially hardening the material applied on the support between two and eight hours, depending on the type of support and the environmental conditions, and then scraping the surface of the coating with an appropriate tool, preferably a barbed trowel, although A toothed trowel, saw blade, blade edge etc. can also be used. Finally it is brushed in order to remove the loose particles that have remained on the surface.

In the scraping of the monolayer coatings that is done from time immemorial manually with the traditional ones full of spikes or jagged edge, the operator has to work for hours and hours until the characteristic texture of this type of wall coverings is achieved and walls where it is applied; textured that no It is always uniform, due to the fatigue accumulated by the worker, and that in any case carries with it some harmful effects on his health, being able to lead to chronic anatomical diseases due to wear of some of his joints.

Therefore, there is a need in the market for a motorized tool for scraping the monolayer coatings, which increases the performance of the workforce with better finishes, and that considerably reduces the physical effort involved in doing this work. manual.

This tool does not currently exist in the world market, nor, as it is known, a similar device has been patented. For example, by doing a retrospective search in the SPTO's database of patents or utility models, only the relationship with motorized tools for soil polishing has been found, such as PCT international application No. W9300081ES "Polishing machine", which has nothing to do with the machine of the present invention.

THE INVENTION. -

The machine designed and developed for scraping monolayer coatings, whose patent is applied for, is basically formed by three elements: a rotating scraper or polisher, which is what performs the function for which the machine is intended, a converter group Revolutions of a current motor continue from low voltage to the disc of the scraper, protected by an elbow-shaped housing, and a cylindrical handle with switch, positioned so that its axis is parallel to the plane of the scraper disk, which encloses said power generating equipment, whose power source, by means of a connecting cable, can be the power grid, or more usually, a transportable battery that the Operator can carry, for example, hanging on the back or shoulder.

What essentially characterizes this tool is the mechanical structure of the polisher-scraper, which allows a perfect finish to be applied to the perfect monolayer mortars, and that of the speed converter group from the motor shaft to the coupling shaft of the scraper disk, which It allows to achieve low revolutions of rotation of the disc with an ergonomic machine and of little weight.

The scraper is constituted by a circular disk or trowel equipped with sacrificial steel tips, easily replaceable with new ones, housed in drills conveniently distributed on its surface along inner radial solid channels, by a tip clamp cover, which is fixed to the disk through a series of eight nuts embedded 45 ° to each other, along the surface band that surrounds the outer edge of the disk, by a cover closing defense of the assembly and by a side defense ring , while the engine speed converter group to the coupling shaft of the scraper disk the coupling shaft of the disk to the engine is constituted by the shaft itself, in one piece, bearings, a bowl cover for housing the bearings, and two reduction gear systems, one of bevel gears of change of direction and another of reduction planetary on the motor shaft, so that it can be housed in the machine handle.

In a preferred embodiment, the housing holes of the steel tips of the disc are distributed along solid channels according to a range of curved radial lines, in such a position, that all the holes of the successive channels can be joined by a series of imaginary spiral lines equidistant from each other, from the center of the disk to the outer edge, so that when the power generating equipment rotates the disk, the tips scratch the monolayer mortars where the machine is applied following said equidistant spiral lines each other, which produces a perfect scraping operation.

In order to guarantee the safe use of the machine by the operator, the rotary polisher-scraper incorporates a double protection system, consisting of the two components already mentioned: on the one hand, the closure's own closing defense cover, with four radial tie-down bushes arranged on its 90 ° side wall and threaded to accommodate individual fastening screws, and, on the other hand, the lateral defense ring that surrounds the defense cover and that is secured to it by the fastening screws , thanks to four oblique holes of rectangular shape practiced on its surface to allow the screws to pass to the mooring bushings, until they meet the side wall of the cover. This rectangular shape of the oblique holes of the lateral defense ring allows it to be placed at different heights with respect to the lid. The ring also has four radial projections directed towards the inside by one of its perimeter edges, arranged at 45 ° with respect to the mooring bushes, which act as a top stop with the closing protection cover of the assembly.

The speed converter group from the motor to the coupling shaft of the polisher-scraper disk is constituted, as indicated above, by a first mechanical assembly formed by the shaft itself, in one piece, bearings and a cover bowl for housing the bearings, and for a second set formed by a three-hole bushing located at one of the ends of the disk coupling shaft, a first gear reduction system, attached to that end of the shaft by two bolts , formed from at least two bevel gears to change the direction of rotation to that of the motor-reducer shaft, and a second reduction gear system on the motor shaft, housed together with the motor inside the handle , of the type of planetary reduction gears, to achieve low revolutions in a very small space and weight. At the other end of the shaft, the bearings and their cup cover are inserted, so that they are above the tip-holding cover, but protected by the closing defense cover of the scraper assembly. This end of the shaft is threaded to fit a stop piece that closes the assembly at the bottom.

The advantages that this new tool introduces in the scraping of the monolayer mortars to which it is intended, are evident. First, it effectively replaces the trowel or toothed trowel to perform the work manually, due to its manageability and low weight, which means, on the one hand, performing the operation in less time and, on the other, avoid the fatigue of the worker, which results in the long run, in problems of a physical nature in the arms, joints, etc., which in certain cases lead to a temporary decline, and secondly, allows a uniform and perfect scraping operation , due to the strategic distribution of the steel tips on the surface of the rotating disk, which in its movement describe a succession of spiral paths from the inside out that are reflected in the scratching of the mortar, which acquires the texture sought in this type of terminations

Drawing and drawings.-

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the motorized tool object of the invention, where the circular disc or trowel with rotating scraper tips (1), the protective casing (2) of the motor-current reducer shaft is perfectly distinguished, and the handle (3) motor container.

Figure 2 shows the circular trowel (4) seen from the lower zone, protected by the lateral defense ring (20), together with the bushes (21) and tie down screws (22), in addition to their corresponding section.

Figure 3 shows a surface view of the circular disk or trowel (4) in its preferred embodiment, that is to say, with the drill holes of the tips describing imaginary spiral lines.

The drawings of Figure 4 show a cross-sectional view of the disk, according to section AA of Figure 2, with details of the central shaft engagement area of the perimeter zone of drawing of the nuts of subjection to the cover and of the zone of positioning of a drill for a tip, that in this case does not coincide exactly in said section.

The drawings of figure 5 show the cover (8) for securing the tips, above the disc, both in elevation view, where the 45 ° perimeter holes for embedded nuts are perfectly visible, as in side view or profile .

Figure 6 shows the protection components of the rotary scraper: the closing cover (10) of the assembly and the lateral defense ring (20), in two views, top and side.

The drawings in Figure 7 are a simple diagram of the assembly of the scraper components. The corresponding screws and nuts have been omitted, in addition to the tips for greater clarity of the drawing.

Figure 8 shows the shaft assembly (11), the bearings (12) and the bowl cover (13) for housing the bearings sectioned to a quarter.

Finally, Figure 9 shows a perspective view of the lower part of the bearing housing (13) bearing housing sectioned a quarter.

EXECUTION MODE. -

As shown in Figure 1, the tool presented is provided with a handle or handle (3) on which the switch (18) that operates the electric motor rotor, which transmits its movement to one end of the shaft by means of a gear system protected by a housing (2).

Figure 1 also shows how the steel tips (5) protrude with their characteristic distribution through the lower part of the circular trowel (4).

As can be seen in figure 2, as well as in figure 6, which correspond to the lower and upper view respectively, the double protection available to the rotary polisher-scraper is constituted by the closing defense cover (10) of the assembly and by the lateral defense ring (20), which surrounds the first and that is secured to it by means of the four fastening screws (22). Also it is seen in Figure 6 the arrangement of the four projections (23) has the ring with respect to the bushes mooring (21) and how are above the top defense (10), in addition to the rectangular _shape, oblique the holes of the lateral defense ring, which allows it to be placed at different heights with respect to the cover. Inside the circular trowel (4), the steel tips (5) and the cover (8) for holding them are housed.

The distribution of the holes (6) where the steel tips (5) are housed on the surface of the circular trowel (4) is shown in detail in Figure 3.

The holes (6) are located at the intersection of two imaginary axes. On the one hand, along the axis of a series of radial and arch-shaped solid channels (7). The solid channels (7) vary in two lengths, with approximately half the lengths that do not reach up to the center of the circular trowel (4), and presented alternately. On the other hand, the holes (6) are placed on a series of imaginary spiral lines (17) equidistant from each other preferably one 10 mra. , from the center of the disk to the outer edge.

In this figure and in the successive ones, the eight nuts (9) embedded 45 ° between them are also shown along the surface band that surrounds the outer edge of the disc.

In the section of figure 4 it can be seen that the thickness of the circular trowel (4) is more than double in the solid channels (7). In a preferred embodiment, the holes (6) have a diameter of 2.25 itim. and of 5 itim. in the head area for standardized tips.

The circular trowel has on its perimeter edge a small projection for the support of the cap (8) for securing the tips, shown in Figure 5, which fits perfectly with the geometry of the circular trowel. Both pieces are fastened thanks to eight nuts (9) near the outer edge located at 45 ° to each other, but previously the tips (5) must have been placed in the holes (6) so that the cap once attached acts as a stop for that when using the tool the tips make contact with the wall all equally.

On the other hand, both the trowel and the tip cover have a hole in the center where the threaded end of the shaft passes and the part to which it is screwed butt in the bottom of the trowel. As it has been explained so far and as it appears in figure 7, for the basic assembly of the scraper it is preceded to insert the tips in the holes of the circular trowel (4), and secure them thanks to the cover (8) for securing the tips with its eight nuts (9). The shaft (11) is then inserted through the central hole and secured by the bottom. The closing defense cover (10) is placed above all protecting the shaft assembly. The lateral defense ring (20) is then placed on the cover (10) so that the projections (23) stop over it. Next, the mooring bushes (21) are placed in the holes of the ring for fastening the ring to the cover by means of the four screws (22).

One of the characteristic parts of this invention is shown in Figure 8. This is the shaft (11) for coupling the disk, which has a threaded end (16) for adjusting the stop piece that closes the assembly at the bottom , thus holding the circular trowel and its corresponding cover (8) for securing the tips to the shaft (11). On said cover are the bearings

(12) and its bowl cover (13) for housing thereof, also shown in Figures 8 and 9, which must be placed on the shaft before inserting the circular trowel and its lid, and thus close the assembly of the tool at the bottom.

At the other end (14) of the shaft is a bushing with three holes for two bolts (15) intended to hold that end of the shaft with a first bevel type gear that engages with another bevel gear of smaller diameter than the first to change the direction of rotation to that of the motor shaft to the Once you get a small and last reduction. This second gear will be aligned with the motor-reducer shaft, being able to be integral or not with the last pinion of a gear reduction system, which in this case will be a planetary reduction system, which is housed together with the motor inside the handle Cylindrical scraper. In this way, significant reductions in the revolutions of the shaft (11) of the scraper are obtained but keeping a reduced size and weight of the tool for a more comfortable use of the same by the operator.

The system of bevel gears and the axes of the disc are collected inside the housing in the form of an elbow (2) that protects the set from possible blows.

The motor is a reversible low-speed electric motor, powered by 18V low-voltage direct current, which eliminates the risk of electrocution accidents during driving. The power supply can be the general power grid, but also and in order to make the machine more manageable and usable anywhere, a rechargeable battery that the operator can carry, for example, hung on his back or shoulder.

The way this machine works, which complies with all the safety measures contemplated in the CE standards, is very simple. Simply the operator has to hold it by the cylindrical handle, press the switch, so that the tip disc begins to rotate automatically, and move this disk along the surface of the mortar to be scraped, with the sole care of maintaining pressure against the wall constant. Once the invention has been described, with its components referenced to the drawings with sufficient clarity to carry out its production and commissioning, it is declared as new and of its own invention, with the exception that its details, shape, size, materials, procedures of manufacture and applications, may be modified with respect to what is described and represented herein, always within the unaltered essentiality that is summarized in the following:

Claims

1. Motorized tool for scraping monolayer coatings, consisting basically of three elements: a rotary scraper or polisher, which is what performs the function for which the machine is intended, a speed converter group of a continuous current motor low voltage to the scraper disk, protected by an elbow-shaped housing (2), and a cylindrical handle (3) with switch (18), positioned so that its axis is parallel to the plane of the scraper disk, which It encloses said power generating equipment, whose power source, by means of connection cable (19), can be the power grid, or more usually, a transportable battery that the operator can carry, for example, hung on the back or shoulder This machine is characterized in that the scraper consists of a circular disk or trowel (4) equipped with sacrificial steel tips (5), easily replaceable with new ones, housed in drills (6) convenient It is distributed on its surface along inner solid radial channels (7), by a cover (8) for securing the tips, which is fixed to the disk through a series of eight nuts embedded at 45 ° to each other, to along the surface band that surrounds the outer edge of the disc, by a closing cover (10) of the assembly and by a side defense ring (20), and because the engine speed converter group to the shaft (11) The coupling disk of the scraper consists of the shaft itself, in one piece, bearings (12), a bowl cover (13) for housing the bearings, and two reduction gear systems, one gear conical of change of direction and another of planetary reduction in the axis of the engine, so that it can be housed in the handle of the machine.

2. Motorized tool for scraping monolayer coatings, according to the first claim, characterized in that the holes (6) for housing the steel tips of the disc are distributed along solid channels (7) according to a range of curved radial lines , in such a position, that all the holes of the successive channels can be joined by a series of imaginary spiral lines (17) equidistant from each other, from the center of the disk to the outer edge, so that when the power generating equipment spins the disc, the tips scratch the monolayer mortars where the machine is applied following said spiral lines equidistant from each other, which produces a perfect scraping operation.

3. Motorized tool for scraping monolayer coatings, according to the first claim, characterized in that the rotary polisher-scraper incorporates a double protection system, constituted by the closing protection cap (10) of the assembly, with four radial mooring bushes arranged in its lateral wall at 90 ° and threaded to accommodate two fastening screws, and by a lateral defense ring (20) that surrounds the defense cover and that is secured to it by means of the fastening screws (22), thanks to four oblique holes of rectangular shape practiced on its surface to allow the screws to pass towards the mooring bushes (21), until they meet the side wall of the cover, and by four radial projections (23) that the ring has by one of its perimeter edges, directed inwards, arranged at 45 ° with respect to the mooring bushes, which act as a top stop with the closing protection cover of the set.

4. Motorized tool for scraping monolayer coatings, according to the first claim, characterized in that the engine speed converter group to the shaft (11) of the polisher-scraper disk coupling is constituted by a first mechanical assembly formed by the shaft itself said, in one piece, bearings (12) and a bowl cover (13) for housing the bearings, and by a second set formed by a bush (14) with three holes located at one end of the shaft of coupling of the disc, a first system of reduction gears, attached to that end of the shaft by two bolts (15), formed from at least two bevel gears to change the direction of rotation to that of the motor shaft, and a second system of reduction gears on the motor shaft, housed together with the motor inside the handle (3), of the type of planetary reduction gears, to thus achieve a low revolution In a very small space and weight, and at the other end (16) of the shaft are inserted the bearings (12) and its bowl cover (13), so that they are above the clamp cover (8) of the tips, but protected by the defense cover (10) for closing the scraper assembly. This end of the shaft is threaded to fit a stop piece that closes the assembly at the bottom.