WO2008055684A1 - Procédé de traitement de déchets dangereux utilisant un plasma et dispositif de mise en œuvre du procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement de déchets dangereux utilisant un plasma et dispositif de mise en œuvre du procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008055684A1
WO2008055684A1 PCT/EP2007/009696 EP2007009696W WO2008055684A1 WO 2008055684 A1 WO2008055684 A1 WO 2008055684A1 EP 2007009696 W EP2007009696 W EP 2007009696W WO 2008055684 A1 WO2008055684 A1 WO 2008055684A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plasma
process according
chemical
plasmas
biological species
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/009696
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English (en)
Inventor
Christian Daniel Assoun
Margit Hartwig
Original Assignee
Glycan-Pharma (Switzerland) Sa
Neutral Metal Sa Switzerland
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Glycan-Pharma (Switzerland) Sa, Neutral Metal Sa Switzerland filed Critical Glycan-Pharma (Switzerland) Sa
Publication of WO2008055684A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008055684A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/54—Plasma accelerators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for remediation of chemical and biological species without any possible further recombination of the final products thereof.
  • the process relies on physical-chemical and magneto- dynamic techniques applied to ionized gas (high temperature plasmas), more especially on techniques of plasma creation through RF (Radio
  • the invention further relates to a device for implementing such process.
  • Background art Magneto Gas Dynamics (MGD) and Magneto Hydro Dynamics (MHD) complexes acting as a motor and/or generator of plasma in confined hot regions of the plasma.
  • MMD Magneto Gas Dynamics
  • MHD Magneto Hydro Dynamics
  • ICP-MS Inductive Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectroscopy
  • AAS Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
  • GC-MS Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectroscopy
  • CONFIRMATtON COPY [0007]
  • inductive methods HF, RF, microwaves, CR
  • Resistive methods have the advantage of creating LTE (Local Thermal Equilibrium) plasma at a very high temperature (5,00OK
  • a purpose of the process according to the invention is to reach a complete dissociation, without any possible further recombination, of semi-organic and/or organic molecules classified as dangerous, including: Bio
  • Biological Elements bacteria, DNA-RNA viruses, prions.
  • the process relies on physical-chemical and magneto- dynamic techniques applied to high temperature plasmas together with the introduction of atomic elements such as Lanthanides, Yttrium, Iron, Helium and Hydrogen within the plasma.
  • atomic elements such as Lanthanides, Yttrium, Iron, Helium and Hydrogen within the plasma.
  • the plasma has to spend enough time within the enclosed space of the plasma machine for the treated species to be neutralized.
  • the process may preferably be implemented in a closed loop type device, preferably of toroidal shape or formed of a combination of sections some of which may be linear and some others may be curved or semi-circular, for instance.
  • a MHD-MGD motor generator coupling allows the recycling and confining of the atomic ionized elements, while keeping a high gradient of temperature (T 0 K: 4,000- 7,000 K) for several minutes (between 3 and 600 seconds according to the molecules to be dissociated) securing N cycles within the plasma machine where 600 ⁇ N ⁇ 14,000 and varies according to the plasma criteria and
  • the MHD-MGD recycling of molecular elements combined with the presence of atomic species such as: (Fe3+, Ln3+, Y3+,
  • the recycling method of the invention generally does not involve turbines, mechanical, or motor engines.
  • the process can be applied to sites containing contaminating materials or directly to polluted areas in civilian or military industrial plants or laboratories. Brief description of the drawings
  • FIG. 1 is a schematical view of an exemplary embodiment of a device for implementing the process according to the invention
  • - Figure 2 is a view of a construction detail of figure 1
  • - Figure 3 is a schematical view of an exemplary embodiment of a plasma diagnostic device for examining the progression of the treated species neutralization in the plasma.
  • Figure 1 is a schematical view of an exemplary embodiment of a preferred toroidal device 1 for implementing the process according to the invention, allowing the recycling and confining of the atomic ionized elements between 3 and 600 seconds within the plasma.
  • the device comprises a first chamber 2, which may be spherical, and in which is produced a primary plasma.
  • the first chamber is connected to ablation chambers 3 in which resistive or inductive basic plasmas may be used to introduce different species among which atomic elements Fe3+, Ln3+ (Lanthanides), Y3+ (Yttrium), He (Helium) and or H2 (Hydrogen) at the core of the plasmas in LTE.
  • resistive or inductive basic plasmas may be used to introduce different species among which atomic elements Fe3+, Ln3+ (Lanthanides), Y3+ (Yttrium), He (Helium) and or H2 (Hydrogen) at the core of the plasmas in LTE.
  • Later spectroscopic analysis of these elements may be implemented by
  • the basic plasmas are seeded with elements through dispersion of FeCI3, LnCI3, YCI3, or others.
  • the concentrates can vary between 300 and 3000 ppm when in the presence of dioxins, the dispersed added elements are not chlorines but are other halogens or "metallic solutions" in Argon created by plasma methods.
  • a dispersion chamber 4 is also provided in connection with the first chamber in order to implement dispersion of toxic liquids and gases.
  • liquids and gases may optionally be treated by laser, microwaves,
  • the primary plasma is introduced then in a toroidal main cavity 6 for treating the toxic species.
  • a plurality of conventional plasma principal parietals 8 are provided all around the toroidal cavity, as well as a plurality of conventional MHD-MGD process zones 9, including permanent magnets and solenoids.
  • the toroidal cavity includes a first output 10 connected to a tank (not represented) for storing the final neutralized residues of the treatment, and a second output 12 connected to an emergency discarding tank (not represented).
  • a central tank 13 is connected to the toroidal cavity for provision of liquids, gases and pressurized gases for maintaining the plasmas in the toroidal cavity. Those products may be conventional, for instance taken within the group comprising Helium, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide.
  • At least one cryozone 14 is provided for cooling the plasmas if needed.
  • a diagnostic and analysis device is provided to preferably implement a real time diagnostic of the plasmas so as to analyse plasma criteria for LTE in the toroidal cavity, pressures and temperatures.
  • this device may advantageously comprise ICP-MS, ICP-AES, AAS and GC-MS and may be connected to one of the cryozones.
  • An electronic centre (not represented) allows output of the residues through the first output 10 when the results provided by the diagnostic and analysis device correspond to neutralization of the toxic species with a predefined required rate.
  • Faraday protection cells (not shown) may be associated with RF and / or HF generators.
  • the plasmas generated by the plasma principal parietals 8 are considered as optically thin, which means that the absorption phenomena of the Argon line is quasi negligible. Moreover, the reflected power is 0.03 ⁇ Rp ⁇ 0.10 % on Ip (Inducted power) after the tuning regulation.
  • Ne electron density
  • ArI 4,300.10 A 0 line in the GRIEM formula The GRIEM formula is free for the assumption of the LTE condition.
  • the introduced elements (Fe3+, Ln3+, Y3+, He, H2... or D2) follow a special protocol; the Argon continuum is tested in an orthogonal device with the main plasma relative to the MHG-MGD mounting.
  • Argon continuum is analysed by means of ICP-AES [0053] Ar II 3564.34A 0 continuum [0054] Fe Il 3564.53 A 0
  • the impurities added (Fe+3, Ln3+, Y3+, H2, D2) produce a local self- absorption in the plasmas.
  • the absorption relaxation causes a reduction or falling down of the plasma diamagnetism and the increasing temperature can vary from 6.20% to 9.77%, depending on the nature of the introduced elements.
  • the process principle is to have geometrically confined, as long as possible, the toxic molecules to be dissociated. It is well known by specialists that, when the molecules first transit through a plasma they attempt to go around the hot core of the plasma where diamagnetic forces and properties exist because of their diamagnetic properties. [0063] Then they confine themselves to the parietal areas of the plasma where the temperature cannot be over 1 ,200 0 K, and the molecules entering this area for a few (micro or milliseconds) are not destroyed or are only partially destroyed and can subsequently reconstruct.
  • the recycling is not engendered (in the invention) by way of pumps or turbines but by the modelization and control of the plasma criteria in the different modes of the MHD-MGD (as generator and/or motor) described below.
  • MOTOR MODE [0071] Indeed, the high temperature plasma (2,000- 8,00O) 0 K does not allow the utilization of pumps or turbines. [0072] Furthermore, the thermodynamics of plasma engines in confining mode does not cause the wearing of the mechanical moving parts because there is no moving part in contact with the plasma; there are only magnetic fields, electrodes, and/or RF inductors.
  • Figure 2 represents a View of Magneto-Hydrodynamic Motor
  • MHD-MGD Motor Generator system
  • the central part of the device is a toroidal section SANB in which the ionized gas is made to flow at high velocity.
  • Electric charge AB (A and B being two electrodes of different polarities)
  • Toroidal geometric section [0082] Less speedy ionized gas or accelerated gas ⁇ e
  • GENERATOR MODE [0084] The plasma is immersed inside a transversal magnetic field that can be created between the S and N polar parts of a permanent magnet or a solenoid inductor. [0085] The walls closest to these poles are covered with an electric isolator.
  • the A and B sides constitute conducting electrodes by which an electric current can flow through the plasma and an external charge.
  • the external circuit includes a generator that creates between A and B an electric field E of opposite direction, and clearly higher than (V x B).
  • the system operates as a motor.
  • Vz mu 2 is the kinetic energy and k is the Boltzmann's constant.
  • a 3 n(m/2 ⁇ kT) 3/2 .
  • the generator mode is mentioned in the invention, but is not developed as a possible improvement of the invention.
  • the flow inside the plasma is related to an inner current density recovery.
  • the flow outside the plasma made of bosons mainly (U.V. radiation) is related to an outer current density recovery.
  • the system according to the invention can be autonomous with regard to recycling because of real time analysis through GC-MS, of the remaining molecules; when the atomic analysis device no longer detects any toxic molecule or its precursor, then a new toxic supply enters the toroidal cavity.
  • the solid toxic supplies are prepared through primary RF plasma, which undertakes ablation of the solids, which are vaporized and, then, inserted into the plasma device.
  • the primary plasmas and their chambers for thermal processing can be disconnected from the toroidal cavity system in case of malfunction so the latter does not become polluted.
  • the contaminating supply can then be isolated and processed again.
  • the MHD-MGD systems in their generator mode can produce a significant amount of electricity, which could be useful for some functions of the device according to the invention including some of the MHD energy needs.
  • Example of power and pressures installed for the process, sections, and dimensions of the plasma chambers [001 17]
  • the ablation chamber can utilize kinetic plasmas whose power varies between 10 and 70Kw utilizing a star mounting.
  • the installed power averages 30 to 210Kw.
  • the ablation chamber needs to resist pressures of 3 to 10 bars.
  • the dispersion chamber utilizes RF field methods - microwaves, ultrasounds and CO2 lasers 1 to 10Kw.
  • the toroidal sections can reach 60cm in diameter. The kinetic plasmas
  • SRFO first principal parietal
  • the plasma is, once again, decelerated via the generator mode.
  • the MHD-MGD zones are coupled through magnetic induction engendered by permanent magnets (Lanthanides) or by Solenoids.
  • the criteria are modulated by the introduction of atomic and molecular elements
  • the plasma is generated by ICP mode 27Mhz range, and with supply power (1 ,5-2Kw).
  • the nebulisation chamber can be supplied by liquids or gases with adapted mass flow.
  • the nebulisation chamber can receive and introduce in the plasma different types of atomic species (transition elements, lanthanides, but also actinides.).
  • the nebulisation chamber can receive Argon charged with small particles of natural elements coming from the ablation chamber not described in the general drawing.
  • the nebulisation chamber can be supplied by different gases such as He and CO2 or D2 that used to realize the plasma diagnostic and criteria, i.e.
  • LTE and PLTE states [00149] That means that location 100 is related to general gases and species introduced in the plasma and the Argon plasma itself. [00150] Location having 200 as numeral reference on figure 3: [00151] MHD-MGD system coupled with the plasma; this mounting is resistive, with the use of electrodes (carbon for the moment, and in the future carbon doped with Lanthanum hexaboride).
  • Location 500 is an optical length at the exit of the MHGD system allowing to appreciate the different criteria in the plasma and the lanthanides distribution and to compare the determination of the concentration before and after which has been realized with the gauges 140-150-145.
  • the optical length 600 is under vacuum, and a D2 lamp (111) for Deuterium continuum is adapted to the optical length 600, near the CaF2 window, there is a Carbon arc for reference to blackbody model 3900 K for the Carbon crater. [00173] This reference is very useful in all temperature determinations. The reference is compared to the Cl (2478 A° - 1931 A°) in the Ar + CO2 continuum.
  • a special mounting will target the centre of the AES entry to reach correctly the radiation detector of the ICP-AES.
  • Plasma diagnostics (continuum Ar + CO2 Cl - CII 1 Ar I 1 Ar II, D2), external
  • EXPERIMENT MODE Hemi-Toroidal mounting
  • the PULSED PLASMA method seems to be the best device for the plasma acceleration coupled to MHD-MGD.
  • the results delivered for the diagnostic of the plasma are quite similar, however we can note the same instabilities in the NLTE state as have been observed in the NLTE plasma. These instabilities are directly related to the leak of Ne (N-electrons) and the Ni (N-ions) densities, close to the
  • Pulsed Plasma mode [00201] With the pulsed mode one can reach at the suppression of the powder concentration in the discharge space near the MHD-MGD zone; negative ions are involved in the powder formation.
  • the pulse duration can range between 10 and 500 ms (millisecond), the turn on can range between 10 and 500 microseconds.
  • Pulsing the power into the plasma will change the properties of the plasma and will also change the processing. Pulsing the plasma can give advantages over continuous power applied to plasma, mainly in the thermal wall and the resistance and corrosion of structures.
  • Pulsing the plasma can give advantages over continuous power applied to plasma, mainly in the thermal wall and the resistance and corrosion of structures.
  • With the pulsed process the risks of over heating and over load the current are considerably low.
  • One part of the diagnostic of the plasma is realized with Langmuir probes.
  • the conventional turbine or circulator cannot support high temperature plasma in presence of high oxidant agents, when the temperature plasma is decreasing in contact with the mechanical part of the turbine and/or circulator. [00210] This problem could be solved by using Carbon-Carbon materials.
  • MACHINE [00213] In order to minimize the dimensions of MHD -MOD sections and RF-HF heating coils (power supply), we can superpose three or several toroidal anular plasma chambers of calculated sections equal to 15 cm or 20 cm

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé destiné à traiter des espèces chimiques et biologiques de manière à éviter toute possibilité de recombinaison entre eux des produits finaux issus desdites espèces ; ledit procédé est basé sur la chimie physique de la dynamique des gaz conducteurs et utilise des lanthanides (Ln3+), de l'yttrium (Y3+), du fer (Fe3+), de l'hélium (He), du dihydrogène (H2) et du deutérium (D2), ainsi que d'autres éléments sous forme atomique dans un système magnétogazodynamique (« MGD ») et un système magnétohydrodynamique (« MHD ») (9), dans des plasmas à haute température recyclés alimentés de façon pulsée ou continue. Le procédé est de préférence mis en œuvre dans un dispositif (6) de type boucle fermée, ou de forme torique, ou formé d'une combinaison de sections, certaines pouvant être linéaires et d'autres incurvées ou semi-circulaires, par exemple, afin que l'espèce chimique ou biologique séjourne dans le plasma pendant un temps suffisant pour être neutralisée.
PCT/EP2007/009696 2006-11-08 2007-11-08 Procédé de traitement de déchets dangereux utilisant un plasma et dispositif de mise en œuvre du procédé WO2008055684A1 (fr)

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PCT/CH2006/000629 WO2008074162A1 (fr) 2006-11-08 2006-11-08 Techniques de traitement de plasma thermiques en vue de l'élimination de déchets toxiques
CHPCT/CH2006/000629 2006-11-08

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PCT/EP2007/009696 WO2008055684A1 (fr) 2006-11-08 2007-11-08 Procédé de traitement de déchets dangereux utilisant un plasma et dispositif de mise en œuvre du procédé

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018049153A1 (fr) * 2016-09-09 2018-03-15 Christian Assoun Restauration, extraction et raffinage de débris spatiaux de type pert
LU101272B1 (en) 2019-06-19 2020-12-28 Glycan Poland Sp Z O O Route and engineering protocols for alzheimer's disease prevention, treatment and neuronal rebuilding

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4145250A (en) * 1976-02-26 1979-03-20 General Atomic Company In situ regeneration of the first wall of a deuterium-tritium fusion device
WO2003076790A1 (fr) * 2002-03-13 2003-09-18 Gopalakrishnan Srinivasan Procede et synthetiseur conçus pour l'ingenierie moleculaire et la synthese de materiaux
US20030187318A1 (en) * 2002-03-28 2003-10-02 Aerospace Consulting Corporation Spain, S.L. Transportable, self-controlled plasma neutralization of highly toxic bio-chemical waste and method therefore

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1538243B2 (de) * 1965-02-03 1973-06-20 Weh, Herbert, Prof Dr Ing , 3300 Braunschweig Seitenleiter bei induktiven mhdgeneratoren sowie ihre herstellung
DE3519162A1 (de) * 1984-06-07 1986-12-04 Franz 5014 Kerpen Gillissen Verfahren zur erzeugung eines plasmas und ein mhd-generator

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4145250A (en) * 1976-02-26 1979-03-20 General Atomic Company In situ regeneration of the first wall of a deuterium-tritium fusion device
WO2003076790A1 (fr) * 2002-03-13 2003-09-18 Gopalakrishnan Srinivasan Procede et synthetiseur conçus pour l'ingenierie moleculaire et la synthese de materiaux
US20030187318A1 (en) * 2002-03-28 2003-10-02 Aerospace Consulting Corporation Spain, S.L. Transportable, self-controlled plasma neutralization of highly toxic bio-chemical waste and method therefore

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018049153A1 (fr) * 2016-09-09 2018-03-15 Christian Assoun Restauration, extraction et raffinage de débris spatiaux de type pert
US20180073361A1 (en) * 2016-09-09 2018-03-15 Christian Daniel Assoun Plasmas for extraterrestrial resources and applied technologies (pert) space debris remediation, mining, and refining
CN109952618A (zh) * 2016-09-09 2019-06-28 C·阿苏 Pert太空垃圾的修复、采矿和精制
JP2020503203A (ja) * 2016-09-09 2020-01-30 アソーン，クリスティアン Ｐｅｒｔ宇宙デブリの除去、採鉱および精製
US10626479B2 (en) 2016-09-09 2020-04-21 Christian Daniel Assoun Plasmas for extraterrestrial resources and applied technologies (PERT) space debris remediation, mining, and refining
LU101272B1 (en) 2019-06-19 2020-12-28 Glycan Poland Sp Z O O Route and engineering protocols for alzheimer's disease prevention, treatment and neuronal rebuilding

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