Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
  • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
  • F02B33/02—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps
  • F02B33/06—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps with reciprocating-piston pumps other than simple crankcase pumps
  • F02B33/22—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps with reciprocating-piston pumps other than simple crankcase pumps with pumping cylinder situated at side of working cylinder, e.g. the cylinders being parallel
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
  • F02B33/44—Passages conducting the charge from the pump to the engine inlet, e.g. reservoirs
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
  • F02B33/44—Passages conducting the charge from the pump to the engine inlet, e.g. reservoirs
  • F02B33/443—Heating of charging air, e.g. for facilitating the starting
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
  • F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
  • F02M31/04—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture
  • F02M31/06—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture by hot gases, e.g. by mixing cold and hot air
  • F02M31/08—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture by hot gases, e.g. by mixing cold and hot air the gases being exhaust gases
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B75/00—Other engines
  • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
  • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
  • F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B75/00—Other engines
  • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
  • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
  • F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
  • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an internal-combustion engine in which the combustion agent (atmospheric air) is pre-stored in a tank for later use, allowing for the instantaneous generation of great power in small engines.
• the combustion agent atmospheric air
• Internal-combustion engines have existed for over 100 years.
• Today, a passenger or a cargo vehicle is equipped with internal-combustion engines. They are called the "internal-combustion" engines for making use of the combustion of a liquid or gaseous fuel within an enclosed recipient. Even though the combustion takes place inside an enclosed environment, its volume is expansible as this environment has one moving side, allowing for the expansion under sufficient pressure. This combustion causes a pressure increase, which dislocates a piston, which then has its linear movement converted into a circular movement by means of a crankshaft.
• Most commonly used fuels are gasoline and diesel, but ethanol and natural gas are also used in some countries.
• Combustion is the union of a fuel with a oxidizing agent (the oxygen).
• the fuel is stored in tanks inside the vehicle, and the oxidizing agent is the atmospheric air available at anytime, anywhere.
• the power to be generated by internal-combustion engines is proportional to the amount of fuel burned, and this is proportional to the amount of air aspirated into the engine.
• Diesel-cycle engines have the ignition of fuel happening spontaneously due to the high temperature and pressure of the air when the fuel is injected.
• the fuel is pre-mixed with the air during the aspiration phase.
• the ignition is provided by a spark produced by the spark plugs.
• the maximum amount of air that enters an engine will depend on the internal dimensions of its combustion chamber and the number of revolutions per minute.
• the driver of the vehicle may limit the amount of air admitted by narrowing the passage of the air intake. This way, the driver regulates the generation of power.
• a "4-stroke" engine one cycle is completed in every 2 revolutions of its main axle, or a spin of 720° of its crankshaft.
• an engine defined as a "2-liter” engine means that, in one complete cycle (a spin of 720° of its crankshaft), the engine would aspirate 2 liters of air at atmospheric pressure with its air intake fully open.
• Document FR 2787508 relates to a system that provides an engine with compressed air stored for later use.
• the inconvenient aspect of that invention is that the compressed air gets into the engine at a very low temperature, which consequently reduces the yield of the engine or hinders the combustion.
• an internal-combustion engine was developed with the following advantages or properties: - An engine with a broad and variable power range, without the need for large volumetric capacity in the engine itself;
• the present invention relates to an internal-combustion engine comprising of one or more compression devices, one or more oxidizing agent pre-storage devices (atmospheric air), and one or more pressure reducing valves.
• the present invention also relates to a vehicle containing an internal- combustion engine, which comprises of one or more compression devices, one or more oxidizing agent pre-storage devices (atmospheric air), and one or more pressure reducing valves.
• the combustion engine according to this invention is an internal-combustion engine similar to traditional vehicle engines, comprised of: engine block, cylinder block, piston, connecting rod, crankshaft, intake and exhaust valves, camshaft, and other devices known to a skilled in the art, etc., with the addition of one or more compression devices, one or more air storage devices (air tank), and one or more pressure reducing valves.
• the engine is comprised of the same conventional components, it differs from others due to the fact that, while traditional engines aspirate the atmospheric air for immediate use, even when they are equipped with devices to increase the air intake pressure (such as turbo chargers), this engine aspirates the air, compresses it, and stores it in a reservoir for later or immediate use, according to the need. Furthermore, this invention relates optionally to air coolers, heat exchangers, and reuse of the exhaust gases that significantly increase the engine yield.
• the internal-combustion engine presents the following characteristics or operation phases: a.
• the internal-combustion engine drives one or more compression devices, performing the aspiration and compression phase required in traditional internal-combustion engines, according to the functioning system; this phase may be driven either mechanically or through the exhaust gases.
• the air required to the combustion generated by the compression device is stored in one or more air storage devices and is later used in to feed the combustion engine;
• One or more pressure reducing valves operated through the accelerator pedal regulate the pressure of the air that leaves the storage device into the appropriate values to be used by the engine.
• the compressed air generated in stage (a) may go through one or more air coolers before it is stored.
• the air stored in stage (b) may go through one or more heat exchangers before it goes to the engine air-intake pipe.
• the compression devices may be one or more aggregated compressors and/or one or more modified and dedicated cylinders in the engine structure itself, controlled in such a way that the charging phase takes place predominantly when the vehicle is decelerating.
• Compressors may be comprised of pistons or another type, with more than one stage to allow for the generation of compressed air at high pressure, which might go beyond 100 bars, depending on the vehicle or the manufacturer's strategy.
• the compressed air storage devices may be one or more high-pressure air- tanks. The pressure reducing valve, allows for the control of the power and rotation of the engine.
• the internal-combustion engine can operate in the two-stroke cycle: expansion and exhaustion, receiving the air required from the compressed air storage device.
• the pressure reducing valve may be driven and adjusted continuously for higher or lower pressure, according to the need to generate power, and can be driven directly through the accelerator pedal or indirectly, preferably through electrical and/or pneumatic controls. If driven by indirect, electric or pneumatic controls, the driver or engine operator will command these controls preferably through the pedals.
• the pressure reducing valve allows for the control of power and rotation of the engine.
• the internal-combustion engine has the following operation stages: (i) Entrance of compressed air into the cylinders when each piston is in its upward course;
• valves likewise traditional engines which are driven preferably by means of cams and, alternately, by electrical or pneumatic devices.
• the fuel injection is made directly into the combustion chamber, using the best resources available in the prior art of fuel injection, in amounts that meet the instant need for power generation and control of pollutant emissions.
• the ignition may takes place spontaneously, just like in traditional Diesel-cycle engines, and/or through the use of a spark produced by spark plugs, just like in the traditional Otto-cycle engines.
• the invention also relates to a vehicle containing the internal-combustion engine, comprising of one or more compression devices, one or more oxidizing agent storage (atmospheric air) devices, and one or more pressure reducing valves.
• the engine according to this invention is an internal-combustion engine, like traditional vehicle engines, having main components such as: engine block, cylinder, piston, connecting rod, crankshaft, intake and exhaust valves, camshaft, etc., with the addition of an aggregated set of air compressors to be driven by the engine.
• FIG 1 illustrates the components of an internal-combustion engine according to this invention, with the alternative aggregate compressor and its connections.
• the internal-combustion engine (2) drives the aggregated compressor
• the air required for combustion generated by the compressor (1) described in the previous item (a) goes through an air cooler (8) before it is stored in a high pressure reservoir (3) to be later used in the combustion engine.
• the moving power generating engine (2) operates with two-strokes, an expansion and an exhaustion stroke, receiving the required air previously compressed from the compressed air reservoir (3).
• the compressed air After it leaves the high-pressure reservoir, the compressed air has its pressure lowered to values that are suited to the use in the engine by means of a pressure reducing valve (4), which is controlled by the accelerator pedal (9).
• e. After having passed through the pressure reducing valve the compressed air goes through a heat exchanger (5) to have its temperature raised, using the heat from the exhaust gases (6). f. Then, the compressed air goes to the engine air-intake (7).
• the engine according to this invention is an internal-combustion engine, just like traditional vehicle engines, having main components such as: engine block, cylinder, piston, connecting rod, crankshaft, intake and exhaust valves, camshaft, etc.
• Figure 2 illustrates the components of an internal-combustion engine according to this invention, with the alternative compression being made by modified and dedicated cylinders in the engine structure itself, as well as their connections.
• the internal-combustion engine (2) generates compressed air by means of some of its cylinders in the engine structure itself (1), which are driven by the crankshaft of such engine.
• the intake and exhaust valves in these dedicated cylinders are modified to operate exclusively as air aspiration and compression devices, replacing these functions done in a traditional internal-combustion engine, according to the operation system.
• the compressed air generated in the dedicated cylinders (1) described in the item above (a) goes through an air cooler (8) before it is stored in a high-pressure reservoir (3) to be later used in the combustion engine.
• the driving power generating engine (2) operates with two-strokes, an expansion and an exhaustion stroke, receiving the required air previously compressed from the compressed air reservoir (3). d. After it leaves the high-pressure reservoir, the compressed air has its pressure lowered to values that are suited to the use in the engine by means of a pressure reducing valve (4), which is controlled by the accelerator pedal (9). e. After having gone through the pressure reducing valve, the compressed air goes through a heat exchanger (5) to have its temperature raised, using the heat from the exhaust gases (6). f. Then, the compressed air goes to the engine air-intake (7).

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
• Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
• Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=39364124

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (3)

Citations (4)

• 2006
  • 2006-11-07 BR BRPI0605059-0A patent/BRPI0605059A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2007
  • 2007-10-24 WO PCT/BR2007/000289 patent/WO2008055329A1/en active Application Filing

Patent Citations (4)

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