WO2008046115A2 - Dispositif et système d'exploitation de gravier submergé - Google Patents

Dispositif et système d'exploitation de gravier submergé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008046115A2
WO2008046115A2 PCT/ZA2007/000069 ZA2007000069W WO2008046115A2 WO 2008046115 A2 WO2008046115 A2 WO 2008046115A2 ZA 2007000069 W ZA2007000069 W ZA 2007000069W WO 2008046115 A2 WO2008046115 A2 WO 2008046115A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
head
jets
opening
intake
suction pump
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ZA2007/000069
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2008046115A3 (fr
Inventor
Graham Albrecht
Original Assignee
Graham Albrecht
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Graham Albrecht filed Critical Graham Albrecht
Priority to AP2009004882A priority Critical patent/AP2009004882A0/xx
Publication of WO2008046115A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008046115A2/fr
Publication of WO2008046115A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008046115A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
    • E02F3/92—Digging elements, e.g. suction heads
    • E02F3/9243—Passive suction heads with no mechanical cutting means
    • E02F3/925—Passive suction heads with no mechanical cutting means with jets

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a device for collection of gravel from a submerged bed.
  • the inventor is aware that divers are utilised to collect gravel from the seabed and riverbed for mining purposes by manually operating a suction hose underwater. Often such collection is hampered due to adverse weather, sea conditions and low visibility. Further disadvantages of utilising divers are safety and operational considerations. Divers are limited to certain depths and dive times and often suffer from decompression illness.
  • Such devices use an airlift system and are normally suspended from a crane or like apparatus.
  • Existing dredging devices often clog up with debris.
  • the inventor is also aware that these devices can tunnel into the substrate and when the substrate collapses the device may be stuck in the substrate to such an extent that it cannot be retrieved.
  • the applicant is further aware of a problem of airlift or dredging systems to loosen and lift compact alluvial gravel or sediment and the lack of adaptability of existing dredging devices for being used for dredging or mining different substrates.
  • a device for the collection of sediment or gravel from a submerged bed which includes: a head which is connectable to an inflow of a suction pump and an outflow of a fluid pump, and the head including a tubular member defining a gravel intake opening which is in fluid communication with the inflow and a plurality of jets, in fluid communication with the outflow, spaced about the opening and directed towards the submerged bed at an angle to the horizontal to cause rotational shearing forces on the submerged bed, in use.
  • the jets may be arranged in at least one set on the gravel intake opening pointing in a direction at an angle between a normal and a tangent of a circle defined by the intake opening or about the inner perimeter of the intake opening.
  • the angled downward pointing jets are generally angled in a direction along the circumference of a circle defined by the intake opening to cause a rotational water flow to loosen compact alluvial sediment, gravel or stones.
  • the head may include a second set of downward jets which may point opposite to the first set at an angle between a normal and tangent of a circle defined by the intake opening.
  • One set may cause rotation on the inner side of the intake opening in one direction and the other set may cause rotation on the outside in another direction.
  • the downward angle of the first two sets may preferably be about 45 ° and the rotational angle at about 45 ° to the tangent.
  • the head may include a third set of straight downward pointing jets located radially between the first and second set. It will be appreciated that the jets, preferably in two or three sets will cause strong shearing forces with fluid flow to loosen compact alluvial sediment, gravel or stones.
  • the head may include a fluid reservoir or hub in fluid connection with a fluid pump and the jets via conduits machined into the head. It will be appreciated that the machined conduits are integrally formed with the head which eliminates the need for piping, which is prone to leakage and damage.
  • the device may include a first connection means for connecting to the inflow of a suction pump and a second connection means for connecting to the outflow of a fluid pump.
  • the fluid pump may be a water pump and may be a high pressure water pump.
  • the head may be generally bell shaped and the perimeter of the open end may define, in use, the area on the bed to be subjected to suction and shearing forces.
  • the bell shape may be square, oblong or preferably round to assist in rotational shearing forces and to be more resistant to impact forces while in use.
  • the device may include a resiliently deformable shroud or skin covering, the lower part of the head to further increase the head's resistance against impact during use.
  • a typical resiliently deformable material may be synthetic material such as synthetic rubber such as poly urethane or natural rubber. It will be appreciated that impact resistance is important for offshore use, where wave motion causes movement of the head during use.
  • the shroud may be shaped and configured to extend and enlarge the bell shape of the head to form, in use, a defined zone on the seafloor subjected to suction and shearing forces.
  • Water intake holes are defined in the shroud to replace the water being removed within the shroud during use. It will be appreciated that such a defined zone will, at least to some extent compensate for an uneven seafloor or protruding rocks.
  • the head may further include a grating arranged on the head and over the opening such that objects larger than the mesh of the grating are prevented, in use, from entering into the opening.
  • the grating may be a series of linked chains arranged and welded in a grid pattern.
  • the linked chains may be welded to a ring, which ring is bolted to the head. It will be appreciated that the chains are easily replaceable and the movement of the chains during operation assist in lessening blockages.
  • the grating may be recessed into the head and the first three sets of jets may be located below on the outer side the grid.
  • a fourth set of jets may be located on the inside of the grid and directed toward the grid for clearing the grid of debris, when needed.
  • the fourth set of jets may preferably be independently operable from the first, second and third sets of jets.
  • One or more of the sets of jets may independently operable from each other.
  • the head may include more than one reservoir, up to one each for the first, second, third set of jets and another reservoir for the fourth set of jets, in any combination.
  • the reservoirs may be configured to be independently pressurised with water.
  • the head may include more than one reservoir, up to one for the first, one for the second, one for third set of jets and another reservoir for the fourth set of jets, in any combination with the sets of jets.
  • the reservoirs may be configured to be independently pressurised with water.
  • the head may include two high pressure reservoirs, one for the first, second and third set of jets and another reservoir for the fourth set of jets.
  • the reservoirs may be configured to be independently pressurised with water.
  • Some or each set, of the jets may include replaceable and interchangeable nozzles and plugs.
  • the flow characteristics of the head can be customised for a specific type or seabed characteristic by plugging some of the jets of a set or by plugging a whole set of jets by replacing a nozzle with a plug.
  • the characteristics of mud, sand, loose gravel and compact material will differ widely and that the method of creating a shearing force and the strength of the shearing force can be adapted for such changes and characteristics.
  • the jets can be selectively closed to cause an unbalanced flow through the open jets, causing the head to wobble or sway during use which for certain applications may be useful.
  • the device may further include a suction pump located on the deck of a vessel or submerged, or preferably in the form of an airlift.
  • the device may further include bypass valve to allow bypass fluid to flow through a bypass opening in response to the suction pump in the event that the opening of the head is blocked by stones or debris.
  • the valve may include a hydraulic, electrical or preferably a pneumatic actuator and may operable from the surface.
  • the grid can easily be cleared of debris when the bypass valve is opened and water exits the inward pointing jets.
  • the device may include an airlift suction pump and the bypass valve opening may be located between the opening of the head and the airlift suction pump air inlets.
  • a bypass valve intake of the bypass valve may preferably be located above the airlift suction pump air inlets.
  • the intake and the bypass valve opening may be connected by a pipe or conduit and the intake may be directed towards the first connection means for connecting to the inflow of a suction pump or an umbilical for the device. It will be appreciated that, when the bypass valve is opened, debris or sediment in the vicinity of the first connection or an umbilical will be sucked away through the intake. This feature of the invention will help to free the device in the event of a cave-in which trapped the device by sucking or blowing away debris from the upper part of the device.
  • the conduit which connects the bypass valve opening and the bypass valve intake may be in the form of a hollow protective cover for covering and protecting the valve actuating mechanism.
  • the cover may be provided with an inspection hole to clear possible debris from the cover or conduit.
  • the head may be provided with at least one clean water intake above the inlet of the head. These inlets may closable.
  • the airlift suction pump air and/ or water inlets may each be sealable with a cap, when not in use, and openable by removing the caps to use the airlift inlets to act as additional clean water inlets to increase water flow to a suction pump. It will be appreciated that the additional water inlets will aid in entraining sand and gravel removed from the ocean bottom.
  • the airlift may include a reservoir for receiving pressurised air and from which air is blown through four upwards slanting nozzles.
  • the upward slanting nozzles may be piping in communication with the reservoir and the inlet of the head.
  • the piping may be closable clean water intakes, when the airlift pump is not in use.
  • the reservoir may further include at least two further inlets either of which can be connected to a high pressure air supply, closed or left open to provide additional clean water inlets. It will be appreciated that the option to either connect varying size inlets to a high pressure air or water supply or to close varying size inlets, when the airlift pump is not in use, greatly improves the versatility of the head.
  • high pressure water supply can also be connected to the air-lift reservoir inlets, to cause an upward jetting force, when using a submerged or on-deck pump system. This will aid the suction and provide additional clean water.
  • Figure 1 shows a bottom perspective view of a head of a device for the collection of sediment or gravel from a submerged bed, in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a device for the collection of sediment or gravel from a submerged bed, in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the valve and airlift portion of the device
  • Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the airlift of the device
  • Figure 5 shows a bottom perspective view of a further embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 6 shows a side view of the further embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 7 shows a jet for use with the head, in accordance with the invention
  • FIG. 8 shows a plug for being used interchangeably with the jets, in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 9 shows a bottom view of the head with the grating installed, in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 10 shows a cutaway view of a further embodiment of the device, in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 11 shows a head fitted with a synthetic rubber shroud, in accordance with the invention.
  • the device 10 includes a generally bell shaped cast iron head 12 which is connectable to an inflow of a suction pump in the form of an airlift 14 and an outflow of a high pressure water pump (not shown).
  • the head 12 includes a tubular member 16 defining a gravel intake opening 18 which is in fluid communication with the inflow.
  • the head further includes three countersunk sets of jets 20. 1 , 20.2 and 20.3, in fluid communication with the outflow, spaced about the opening 18 and directed towards the submerged bed, in use.
  • the jets 20 are arranged at selected angles to cause rotational shearing forces on the seabed.
  • a first set of jets 20.3 on the gravel intake opening 18 points in a direction downward and inwards at an angle between a normal and a tangent of a circle defined by the intake opening.
  • a second set of jets 20.1 on the gravel intake opening 18 points in a direction downward and outwards at an angle between a normal and a tangent of a circle defined by the intake opening.
  • One set causes rotation on the inner side of the intake opening in one direction and the other set causes rotation on the outside in another direction, as shown by the arrows.
  • the downward angle of these two sets is 45" and the rotational angle at 45° to the tangent in opposite directions.
  • the head 12 includes a third set of straight downward pointing jets 20.2 located radially between the first 20.3 and second 20.1 set.
  • the jets 20 include replaceable and interchangeable nozzles ( Figure 7) and plugs (Figure 8).
  • the head 12 further includes a high pressure fluid reservoir 22 or hub in fluid connection with a high pressure fluid pump and the jets via conduits 24 machined into the head.
  • the head 12 further includes a grating ( Figure 9) arranged on the head and over the opening such that objects larger than the mesh of the grating are prevented, in use, from entering into the opening.
  • the linked chains are welded to a ring 27, which ring is bolted to the head with the bolts 29.
  • the device as shown in Figures 2 and 3, further includes a bypass valve 26 below the airlift 14 to allow bypass fluid to flow through a bypass intake 28 in response to the suction of the airlift 14 in the event that the opening of the head is blocked by stones or debris.
  • the valve may include a pneumatic actuator 30 and operable from the surface.
  • the bypass valve 26 is located between the opening of the head 18 and the airlift suction pump 14 air inlets (not shown).
  • the intake 28 is located above the airlift suction pump 14 air inlets.
  • the intake 28 and the bypass valve 26 are connected by a pipe 32 and the intake 28 is directed towards a first connection means 34 for connecting to an umbilical for the device.
  • the pipe 32 is protected by a protective cover 33.
  • the device 10 includes an airlift 14 suction pump and the bypass valve 26 opening is located between the opening of the head (not shown) and the airlift suction pump air inlets.
  • a bypass valve intake of the bypass valve may preferably be located above the airlift suction pump air inlets (not shown).
  • the intake 28 and the bypass valve opening 26 may be connected by conduit 33 and the intake 28 directed towards the first connection means 34 for connecting to the inflow of a suction pump or an umbilical for the device.
  • the conduit 33, which connects the bypass valve 26 opening and the bypass valve intake 28 is in the form of a hollow protective cover 35 for covering and protecting the valve actuating mechanism 30.
  • the cover 35 is further provided with an inspection hole 37 to clear possible debris from the cover 35 or conduit 33.
  • the airlift section of the device is shown in Figure 4.
  • the airlift 14 includes a reservoir 38 for receiving pressurised air and from which air is blown through four upwards slanting nozzles 40.
  • the head 12 includes a grating 44 is recessed into the head and the first three sets of jets 20 are located below on the outer side the grid.
  • a fourth set of jets 46 is located on the inside of the grid and directed toward the grid for clearing the grid of debris, when needed.
  • the fourth set of jets is independently operable from the first, second and third sets of jets.
  • the head 12 include two high pressure reservoirs, one lower reservoir 48 for the first, second and third set of jets 20 and another reservoir 50 for the fourth set of jets 46.
  • the reservoirs 48 and 50 are configured to be independently pressurised with water.
  • the head 12 can be fitted with a resiliently deformable polyurethane shroud 52 covering the lower part of the head to further increase the head's resistance against impact during use and which is shaped and configured to extend and enlarge the bell shape of the head 12 to form, in use, a defined zone on the seafloor or submerged bed subjected to suction and shearing forces.
  • Water intake holes 54 are defined in the shroud to replace the water being removed within the shroud during use.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif permettant de récupérer du sédiment ou du gravier d'une couche submergée. Le dispositif comprend une tête pouvant être connectée au niveau du débit entrant d'une pompe aspirante et au niveau du débit sortant d'une pompe à fluide. La tête comprend par ailleurs un organe tubulaire définissant une ouverture d'admission de gravier en communication fluide avec le débit entrant et une pluralité de jets, en communication fluide avec le débit sortant, espacés au niveau de l'ouverture et dirigés vers la couche submergée selon un certain angle par rapport à l'horizontale pour entraîner des forces de cisaillement de rotation sur la couche submergée, en cours d'utilisation.
PCT/ZA2007/000069 2006-10-09 2007-10-08 Dispositif et système d'exploitation de gravier submergé WO2008046115A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AP2009004882A AP2009004882A0 (en) 2006-10-09 2007-10-08 Submerged gravel mining device and system

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA200608379 2006-10-09
ZA2006/8379 2006-10-09
ZA2006/9345 2006-11-10
ZA200609345 2006-11-10
ZA200702506 2007-03-27
ZA2007/2506 2007-03-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008046115A2 true WO2008046115A2 (fr) 2008-04-17
WO2008046115A3 WO2008046115A3 (fr) 2009-05-07

Family

ID=39283703

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ZA2007/000069 WO2008046115A2 (fr) 2006-10-09 2007-10-08 Dispositif et système d'exploitation de gravier submergé

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AP (1) AP2009004882A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008046115A2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140015302A1 (en) * 2011-01-21 2014-01-16 Decomar S.P.A. Apparatus and method for the dredging of sediments from the seabed
WO2014094788A2 (fr) * 2012-12-19 2014-06-26 Flsmidth A/S Moissonneuse de sel humide
NO20211273A1 (en) * 2021-10-22 2023-04-24 Granfoss As A system and a method for temporary storage and offloading of granular materials
WO2023068943A1 (fr) * 2021-10-22 2023-04-27 Granfoss As Dispositif et procédé d'élimination de matériau granulaire

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2125740A (en) * 1934-12-24 1938-08-02 William H Schacht Hydraulic excavating device or booster
CH273329A (de) * 1947-09-19 1951-02-15 Wildi Karl Hydraulische Strahleinrichtung zum Abbau und zur Förderung von Mineralien, Sand, Kies, Schlamm usw.
GB979984A (en) * 1962-09-19 1965-01-06 John A Court Bergne Improved means for mineral sampling of gravels and other submerged or water bearing strata
GB1287071A (en) * 1970-01-05 1972-08-31 Commissariat Energie Atomique Method of drilling ground in a liquid environment and apparatus and a nozzle therefor
US4322897A (en) * 1980-09-19 1982-04-06 Brassfield Robert W Airlift type dredging apparatus
DE3412970A1 (de) * 1984-04-06 1985-10-24 Paul 7085 Bopfingen Häußler Vorrichtung zum loesen von unter wasser lagerndem gut und dergleichen wie kies und sand usw., insbesondere bei schwierigen verhaeltnissen
JPH0369727A (ja) * 1989-08-09 1991-03-26 Takuo Mochizuki 掘削吸引口
JPH03151422A (ja) * 1989-11-08 1991-06-27 Takuo Mochizuki 掘削吸引口
WO1995033119A1 (fr) * 1994-05-27 1995-12-07 Eric Clifford Braumann Appareil de forage
WO1999025932A1 (fr) * 1997-11-17 1999-05-27 De Groot Nijkerk Machinefabriek B.V. Procede d'extraction et de dosage granulometrique du sable
US6470605B1 (en) * 1999-11-16 2002-10-29 John William Gilman Earth reduction tool
US20020194753A1 (en) * 2001-06-22 2002-12-26 Belinda Bain Soil-excavating apparatus
WO2003044285A1 (fr) * 2001-11-22 2003-05-30 Graham Albrecht Dispositif de collecte de gravier submerge

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2125740A (en) * 1934-12-24 1938-08-02 William H Schacht Hydraulic excavating device or booster
CH273329A (de) * 1947-09-19 1951-02-15 Wildi Karl Hydraulische Strahleinrichtung zum Abbau und zur Förderung von Mineralien, Sand, Kies, Schlamm usw.
GB979984A (en) * 1962-09-19 1965-01-06 John A Court Bergne Improved means for mineral sampling of gravels and other submerged or water bearing strata
GB1287071A (en) * 1970-01-05 1972-08-31 Commissariat Energie Atomique Method of drilling ground in a liquid environment and apparatus and a nozzle therefor
US4322897A (en) * 1980-09-19 1982-04-06 Brassfield Robert W Airlift type dredging apparatus
DE3412970A1 (de) * 1984-04-06 1985-10-24 Paul 7085 Bopfingen Häußler Vorrichtung zum loesen von unter wasser lagerndem gut und dergleichen wie kies und sand usw., insbesondere bei schwierigen verhaeltnissen
JPH0369727A (ja) * 1989-08-09 1991-03-26 Takuo Mochizuki 掘削吸引口
JPH03151422A (ja) * 1989-11-08 1991-06-27 Takuo Mochizuki 掘削吸引口
WO1995033119A1 (fr) * 1994-05-27 1995-12-07 Eric Clifford Braumann Appareil de forage
WO1999025932A1 (fr) * 1997-11-17 1999-05-27 De Groot Nijkerk Machinefabriek B.V. Procede d'extraction et de dosage granulometrique du sable
US6470605B1 (en) * 1999-11-16 2002-10-29 John William Gilman Earth reduction tool
US20020194753A1 (en) * 2001-06-22 2002-12-26 Belinda Bain Soil-excavating apparatus
WO2003044285A1 (fr) * 2001-11-22 2003-05-30 Graham Albrecht Dispositif de collecte de gravier submerge

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140015302A1 (en) * 2011-01-21 2014-01-16 Decomar S.P.A. Apparatus and method for the dredging of sediments from the seabed
US9587372B2 (en) * 2011-01-21 2017-03-07 Decomar S.P.A. Apparatus for the dredging of sediments from the seabed
AU2012252103B2 (en) * 2011-01-21 2017-04-27 Decomar S.P.A. Apparatus and method for the dredging of sediments from the seabed
WO2014094788A2 (fr) * 2012-12-19 2014-06-26 Flsmidth A/S Moissonneuse de sel humide
WO2014094788A3 (fr) * 2012-12-19 2015-01-29 Flsmidth A/S Moissonneuse de sel humide
NO20211273A1 (en) * 2021-10-22 2023-04-24 Granfoss As A system and a method for temporary storage and offloading of granular materials
WO2023068941A1 (fr) * 2021-10-22 2023-04-27 Granfoss As Système et procédé de stockage temporaire et de déchargement de matériaux granulaires
WO2023068943A1 (fr) * 2021-10-22 2023-04-27 Granfoss As Dispositif et procédé d'élimination de matériau granulaire
NO347058B1 (en) * 2021-10-22 2023-05-01 Granfoss As Device and method for removing granular material
NO347332B1 (en) * 2021-10-22 2023-09-18 Granfoss As A system and a method for temporary storage and offloading of granular materials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008046115A3 (fr) 2009-05-07
AP2009004882A0 (en) 2009-06-30

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