WO2008040249A1 - Procédé et système de sélection d'un mode de marche - Google Patents

Procédé et système de sélection d'un mode de marche Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008040249A1
WO2008040249A1 PCT/CN2007/070758 CN2007070758W WO2008040249A1 WO 2008040249 A1 WO2008040249 A1 WO 2008040249A1 CN 2007070758 W CN2007070758 W CN 2007070758W WO 2008040249 A1 WO2008040249 A1 WO 2008040249A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
template
selecting
channel
spectral density
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/070758
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ying Li
Jun Zhou
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority to EP07816949A priority Critical patent/EP2068493B1/en
Priority to AT07816949T priority patent/ATE543290T1/de
Publication of WO2008040249A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008040249A1/zh
Priority to US12/412,572 priority patent/US20090185606A1/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/14Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex
    • H04L5/1438Negotiation of transmission parameters prior to communication
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/02Details
    • H04B3/46Monitoring; Testing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2854Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
    • H04L12/2856Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2854Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
    • H04L12/2856Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access
    • H04L12/2863Arrangements for combining access network resources elements, e.g. channel bonding
    • H04L12/2865Logical combinations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202Channel estimation
    • H04L25/022Channel estimation of frequency response
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/16Discovering, processing access restriction or access information

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of network communications, and in particular, to a method and system for selecting a running template. Background technique
  • xDSL is a general term for DSL (Digital Subscriber Line).
  • xDSL technology has produced a series of technical standards:
  • the ITU-T standard cluster includes ADSL (Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line) (G. 992 ⁇ 1/2), ADSL2 (second generation ADSL, second generation ADSL) (G. 992. 3), ADSL2+ (extend down stream band with ADSL2, downstream bandwidth extended ADSL2) (G. 992. 5), SHDSL (Symmetrical High-speed Digital Subscriber Line, High Speed Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line) (G. 991. 2), VDSL (Very high bit rate digital subscriber line) (G. 993.1), VDSL2 (second) Generation VDSL, second generation VDSL).
  • ADSL Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line
  • ADSL2 second generation ADSL, second generation ADSL
  • ADSL2+ extend down stream band with ADSL2, downstream bandwidth extended ADSL2
  • SHDSL Symmetrical High-speed Digital Subscriber Line, High Speed Symmetric Digital Subscriber
  • VDSL2 As the latest technology standard, the VDSL2 technology standard provides symmetric access rates of up to 100 Mbit/s and fairly flexible power spectrum control. It will become the mainstream access technology for the next generation of twisted pair networks, for a long period of time. Meet the demand for various service bandwidths in time. Since a large number of xDSL, especially ADSL services, have been deployed before, and VDSL2 uses a frequency band from 4KHz to 30MHz, there are xDSL services such as ADSL, AM broadcast, and amateur radio in this frequency range. To coordinate these services, each region has developed a VDSL2 band plan for its own situation, such as band plan997, 998, China tri-band, etc., and assigned some power or power spectral density profiles for these band plans. , As shown in Figure 1.
  • Table 1 is the corresponding relationship between the PSD profile and the band plan extracted from G. 993. 2, and the maximum downlink transmit power of the other profiles is 14. 5 dBm, except for 8a, 8b, and 8c.
  • the uplink transmit power of all profiles is 14. 5 dB.
  • the power spectral density will be different. The wider the spectrum, the lower the power spectral density.
  • the frequency band above 8MHz cannot be used because the attenuation is too large. If you choose 17a or even 30a, it will not Increasing the rate, but lowering performance due to lower power spectral density. So if you use a template that is not suitable, it will result in a low training rate. Parameter value of the band template
  • the situation of the line may vary widely.
  • the template specified by a fixed template technology for one line may not be the most suitable, and the bandwidth capability of the line cannot be fully utilized.
  • Another way to choose to run the template is to determine the length of the line based on the attenuation of the handshake signal sent by the xTU-R during the handshake (actually estimating the attenuation by the signal amplitude), and then select the operating mode based on the empirical parameters. For example, ADSL2+ is used within 2. 8km, ADSL2 is used between 8km and 3. 8km, and ADSL2 annex L is used for more than 3. 8km.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for selecting a running template, where the method includes the following steps: acquiring channel information;
  • the running template is selected according to the set selection rule.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a system for selecting a running template, including:
  • a channel information acquiring module configured to acquire channel information to obtain channel information
  • a template selection module configured to select, according to the obtained channel information, a running template according to the selection rule.
  • Figure la is a schematic diagram of frequency band planning of VDSL2 in North America in the prior art
  • Figure lb is a schematic diagram of the frequency band planning of the VDSL2 in Europe in the prior art
  • Figure lc is a schematic diagram of the frequency band planning of the Japanese VDSL2 in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for selecting a running template according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for selecting a running template according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • 4 is a relationship diagram of a frequency and an attenuation value calculated by an estimated electrical length according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a relationship diagram of a power spectral density limiting template, a MIB power spectral density template, and an amateur frequency band according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a transmit power spectral density template based on a frequency band plan according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a frequency band plan diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a system for selecting a running template according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and system for selecting a running template.
  • the technical solution adaptively selects a template according to a channel condition and a preset parameter requirement.
  • a method for selecting a running template includes the following steps:
  • Step 001 Obtain channel information.
  • Step 002 Select a running template according to the obtained channel information and the selected selection rule
  • the corresponding selection rule may be to select a template to maximize the uplink rate, or the maximum downlink rate or the sum of the uplink and downlink line rates;
  • the corresponding selection rule may also be to select a template to minimize the transmission power of the device, or to maximize the noise margin of the line, or to have the highest line stability.
  • Example 2 This embodiment takes the 998 selection operation template of the annex A of the VDSL2 line as an example.
  • the difference between 12b and 12a is that the former does not support USO.
  • the frequency band, and all 8a to 8d require US0, so only the first five of the six profiles listed above are considered here.
  • the specific steps for selecting a running template are as follows:
  • Step 101 Obtain the transfer function H(/) of the channel.
  • G. hs tones can be obtained according to G. hs (Handshake procedures for VDSL, VDSL handshake process) through VTU-0 (Remote VDSL Terminal Unit) and VTU-R (VDSL downstream remote unit)
  • the reception level value and the transmission level value of the tones signal calculate the attenuation of the tones, and fit the model curve according to the calculated relationship between the attenuation value of the set of tones and the frequency, and estimate the electrical of the channel. length.
  • VDSL2 can have 12 tones for G. hs, for example for annexe A, see Table 2, tone 9 17 25 for A43 and 944 972 999 for V43 for up, A43 tone 40 56 64 and V43 tone 257 383 511
  • the electrical length EL of the channel can be estimated, and the channel transfer function H(/) is calculated based on this electrical length.
  • Practal measured value represents the value of the attenuation function actually tested.
  • Mean est imat ion value represents the value of the attenuation function calculated by estimating the electrical length using the average value algorithm.
  • the average algorithm is used to estimate the length. That is, after estimating the length of each frequency point, the average of these lengths is obtained.
  • the Weighted est imat ion value represents the value of the attenuation function calculated using the weighted average algorithm to estimate the electrical length. Depending on the frequency, different weights are used to estimate the length. That is, after estimating the length of each frequency point, the weighted average of the lengths is calculated according to the proportion of the frequency of each frequency point.
  • the attenuation curve measured by the channel simulator with a length of 0.6 m and a length of 600 m and the attenuation curve estimated from the signal of the handshake tone are in good agreement.
  • Step 102 Measure the noise power spectral density, and the measured noise power spectral density includes static noise power spectral density (this step can also measure the noise power spectral density in advance) and crosstalk noise power spectral density (using xtalk-PSD, indicating far The sum of end crosstalk and near end crosstalk).
  • Step 104 Obtain a coding gain ⁇ according to the coding used.
  • Step 105 Calculate the power spectral density of the transmitted signal under various frequency band plans and templates supported by the user equipment and the central office equipment, calculate a signal to noise ratio according to the signal power spectral density and the noise power spectral density, and then according to the signal noise.
  • the ratio and the coding gain are used to calculate the uplink and downlink line rates, and the selection strategy is set.
  • the selection strategy is to select a template to maximize the uplink rate, or the downlink rate is the largest, or the sum of the uplink and downlink line rates is the largest.
  • the specific implementation process can include:
  • the measurement determines the power spectral density of the transmitted signal to obtain the PSD. Then, according to the measured noise power spectral density (which includes static noise power spectral density xtalk-PSD and crosstalk noise power spectral density noise- PSD), the SNR is calculated by using equation (1), and then each is calculated according to formula (2). The number of bits that can be carried on the tone, the uplink and downlink line rates are calculated according to the bit values of the bearer, and the maximum uplink and downlink line rates are obtained according to the calculated uplink and downlink line rates.
  • the measured noise power spectral density which includes static noise power spectral density xtalk-PSD and crosstalk noise power spectral density noise- PSD
  • the template selection strategy is to maximize the uplink line rate, or
  • the downlink line rate is the largest, or the sum of the uplink and downlink line rates is the largest.
  • many operators limit the maximum rate of uplink and downlink.
  • the principle of maximum line noise margin can be used according to the principle of minimum transmission power of the device.
  • the principle of the highest line stability is used to select the running template.
  • the template is selected to maximize the uplink rate, or the downlink rate is the largest, or the sum of the uplink and downlink line rates is the largest. .
  • many operators limit the maximum rate of uplink and downlink.
  • the calculated rate satisfies the condition under the supported running template, it can be based on the principle of minimum transmit power of the device or the principle of maximum line noise margin. , or the principle of the highest line stability to select the running template.
  • Figure 6 shows the transmitter PSD mask (transmission power spectral density mask) of VDSL.2 based on the band plan of Figure 7, and Table 3 shows the downlink power spectral density used for the 12a profile in this example.
  • Table 4 gives The uplink power spectral density used by the 12a profile in this example.
  • the uplink rate of 8d at 500m is 44.565Mbps
  • the downlink rate is 12.72Mbps
  • the sum of uplink and downlink speed is 57.22Mbps
  • the uplink rate of 12a is 42.401Mbps
  • the downlink rate is 27.294Mbps
  • the sum of uplink and downlink speed is 69.695Mbps.
  • the method can also be extended to VDSL2 compatible ADSL2+ annex A, ADSL2 annex A, ADSL2 annex L, and the profile selection of ADSL2+ annex B and ADSL2 annex B can also be realized.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for selecting a running template, which includes the following modules: a channel information acquiring module, configured to acquire channel information;
  • the template selection module is configured to select a running template of the channel according to the selected selection rule according to the acquired channel information.
  • the channel information acquiring module specifically includes: a signal to noise ratio calculating unit, configured to calculate a signal to noise ratio of the channel;
  • a coding gain acquisition unit configured to obtain a coding gain according to the used coding
  • the line rate calculation unit is configured to calculate the number of bits that can be carried on each subcarrier according to the signal to noise ratio and the coding gain, and calculate the uplink and downlink line rates according to the number of bits carried.
  • the signal to noise ratio calculation unit may specifically include:
  • a channel transfer function acquiring unit configured to estimate an electrical length of the channel according to a receiving level value and a sending level value of the signal during the handshake process, and then calculating a transfer function of the channel by using the electrical length;
  • a noise power spectral density measuring unit configured to measure background noise according to a signal of the handshake process, and obtain a noise power spectral density
  • a signal power spectral density calculation unit for calculating a power spectral density of the transmission signal according to various frequency band plans and templates supported by the modem and the central office;
  • a signal to noise ratio calculation execution unit is configured to calculate a signal to noise ratio according to the signal power spectral density and the noise power spectral density.
  • the selection rule in the selection template module is to select the template to maximize the uplink rate, or the downlink rate is the largest, or the sum of the uplink and downlink line rates is the largest. Or, if the line rate meets the speed limit condition, the running template is selected according to the principle of minimum transmission power of the equipment, or the principle of maximum line noise tolerance, or the highest line stability.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can obtain channel information by using signals of an uplink unit and a downlink unit handshake process, and can adaptively select a running template according to actual channel conditions, so that only one time in the system is required. Training can select the best operating mode, which ensures convenient and quick selection of the running template that best suits the current channel.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Description

一种选择运行模板的方法及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及网络通信领域, 特别涉及一种选择运行模板的方法及系统。 背景技术
xDSL是 DSL ( Digital Subscriber Line, 数字用户线) 的总称, xDSL技术已经 产生了一系列的技术标准: 其中 ITU-T 的标准簇包括 ADSL (Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line, 非对称数字用户线) (G. 992· 1/2)、 ADSL2 ( second generation ADSL, 第二代的 ADSL) (G. 992. 3)、 ADSL2+ (extend down stream bandwith ADSL2, 下行带宽扩 展的 ADSL2) (G. 992. 5), SHDSL (Symmetrical High-speed Digital Subscriber Line, 高速对称数字用户线) (G. 991. 2)、 VDSL (Very high bit rate digital subscriber line, 甚高 速数字用户线) (G. 993. 1 )、 VDSL2 (second generation VDSL, 第二代 VDSL)等。 VDSL2 技术标准作为最新的技术标准,提供了最高达 100Mbit/s的对称接入速率以及相当灵活 的功率谱控制等措施, 将成为下一代的双绞线上的主流接入技术, 在相当长一段时间内 满足对各种业务带宽的需求。由于在此之前已经有大量的 xDSL特别是 ADSL业务已经布 放,而且 VDSL2使用了从 4KHz到 30MHz的频段, 在这个频段范围内,存在 ADSL等 xDSL 业务、调幅广播以及业余无线电等业务, 因此为了协调这些业务, 各地区针对自己的情 况制定了各自 VDSL2的频段规划 (band plan), 比如 band plan997、 998、 中国三频段 等, 并且为这些 band plan指定了一些功率或者功率谱密度模板(profile), 如图 1所 示。
表 1是从 G. 993. 2中摘录出来的 PSD profile与 band plan的对应关系, 从表 1 中可以看出除 8a、 8b、 8c外, 其他 profile的下行最大发送功率均为 14. 5dBm, 而所有 profile的上行发送功率均为 14. 5dB, 当然由于使用的频带宽度不同, 因而功率谱密度 也会相应的不同, 频谱越宽, 功率谱密度越低。 在 VDSL进行训练前, 需要首先配置好 band plan, profile等参数, 这样 VDSL的调制解调器(modem)将根据这些配置参数来 训练。 考虑到在很多时候, 事先并不知道信道的参数, 比如说线路很长, 超过 800米, 此时 8MHz以上的频带因为衰减太大而不能用,此时如果选择 17a甚至 30a,则不但不会 提高速率, 反而因为较低的功率谱密度导致性能下降。 因此如果使用了一个不太合适的 模板将会导致训练速率偏低。 频段 模板的参数值
参数
规划 8a 8b 8c 8d 12a 12b 17a 30a 下行最大发送功
All +17. 5 +20. 5 +11. 5 +14. 5 +14. 5 +14. 5 +14. 5 +14. 5 率 (dBm)
下行最小发送功
All 待研究 待研究 待研究 待研究 待研究 待研究 待研究 待研究 率 (dBm)
上行最大发送功
All +14. 5 +14. 5 +14. 5 +14. 5 +14. 5 +14. 5 +14. 5 +14. 5 率 (dBm)
上行最小发送功
All 待研究 待研究 待研究 待研究 待研究 待研究 待研究 待研究 率 (dBm)
All 子载波宽度 (kHz) 4. 3125 4. 3125 4. 3125 4. 3125 4. 3125 4. 3125 4. 3125 8. 625 对于上行频段 0的
All 要求 要求 要求 要求 不要求 不要求 不要求 支持 (uso)
最小双向净荷速 50 50 50 50 68 68 100 200
All
率容量 (Mbit/s) Mbit/s Mbit/s Mbit/s Mbit/s Mbit/s Mbit/s Mbit/s Mbit/s
Annex 下行最高频率
8. 5 8. 5 8. 5 8. 5 8. 5 8. 5 N/A N/A
A, (MHz )
Annex
上行最高频率
B 5. 2 5. 2 5. 2 5. 2 12 12 N/A N/A
(MHz )
(998)
下行最高频率
Annex 7. 05 7. 05 7. 05 7. 05 7. 05 7. 05 N/A N/A
(MHz )
B
上行最高频率
(997) 8. 832 8. 832 5. 1 8. 832 12 12 N/A N/A
(MHz )
下行最高频率
8. 5 8. 5 8. 5 8. 5 8. 5 8. 5 17. 664 18. 1
Annex (MHz )
C 上行最高频率
5. 2 5. 2 5. 2 5. 2 12 12 12 30 (MHz ) 表 1
现有技术中有两种选择运行模板的方法, 一种是设置一组由各种参数组成的 line profile (又叫线路配置模板), 而这个 line prof ile包括 band plan、 与该 band plan 对应的功率谱密度的限制 (PSD Mask (Power Spectrum Density Mask, 功率谱密度模 板) 或者 PSD Limit ) 以及其他参数, 这里的 PSD Limit有可能是标准规定的值或者是 用户自定义的低于标准规定值的值,而系统为每一个用户的 modem从上述 line profile 中指定一个作为运行配置, 也就是说一旦用户选择了某个模板, 那么在训练以及以后的 稳态运行中, 都会以这个选定的模板为依据, 任何时候调制解调器的发送功率谱密度都 必须满足模板的要求, 即一种固定模板的方式。 发明人在实现本发明过程中发现上述技术至少存在以下缺点:
实际上线路的情况可能会千差万别,采用固定的模板技术为一条线路指定的模板有 可能不是最合适的, 不能充分发挥线路的带宽能力。
另一种选择运行模板的方法是根据握手时 xTU-R发过来的握手信号的衰减(实际上 是通过信号幅度来估计衰减)判断线路的长度, 然后根据经验参数来选择运行模式。 比 如 2. 8km以内用 ADSL2+, 2. 8km〜3. 8km之间用 ADSL2, 超过 3. 8km用 ADSL2 annex L。
该技术方案虽然简单而又不增加握手过程的时间,但是发明人在实现本发明过程中 发现上述技术至少存在以下缺点:
这种基于上行握手信号来推断线路长度并根据经验来选择的方法过于粗糙,主要是 上行信号的衰减并不能可靠的表达下行方向的衰减进而推断容量,经常会出现所选用的 模式的速率反而比较低的现象。 发明内容
本发明实施例为了解决现有技术中选择的运行模板不适合线路带宽及流量的问题, 提供了一种选择运行模板的方法及系统。 所述技术方案如下:
本发明实施例提供了一种选择运行模板的方法, 所述方法包括以下步骤: 获取信道信息;
根据该信道信息, 依据设定的选择规则来选择运行模板。
本发明实施例提供了一种选择运行模板的系统, 包括:
信道信息获取模块, 用于获取信道信息获取信道信息;
模板选择模块, 用于根据获取的信道信息, 依据所述选择规则来选择运行模板。 应用本发明实施例提供的技术方案带来的有益效果是- 在获取信道的信息后, 能够根据信道实际条件, 实现自适应地选择运行模板, 并且 只要进行一次训练就能选择最好的运行模式。 附图说明
图 la是现有技术中北美 VDSL2的频段规划示意图;
图 lb是现有技术中欧洲 VDSL2的频段规划示意图;
图 lc是现有技术中日本 VDSL2的频段规划示意图;
图 2是本发明实施例 1提供的选择运行模板的方法流程图;
图 3是本发明实施例 2提供的选择运行模板的方法流程图; 图 4是本发明实施例通过估算的电气长度计算的频率和衰减值的关系图; 图 5是本发明实施例所述功率谱密度限制模板、 MIB功率谱密度模板与业余频段的 关系图;
图 6是本发明实施例提供的在频段规划基础上的发送功率谱密度模板示意图; 图 7是本发明实施例提供的频段规划图;
图 8是本发明实施例提供的一种选择运行模板的系统示意图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的实施例作进一步说明, 但不作为对本发明的限定。
本发明实施例提供了一种选择运行模板的方法及系统,该技术方案主要根据信道的 情况及预先设置的参数要求自适应地选择模板。
实施方式 1
参见图 2, 一种选择运行模板的方法, 该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤 001 : 获取信道信息。
具体可以包括以下步骤:
( 1 ) 根据上行单元和下行单元握手过程中信号的接收电平值和发送电平值估算出 信道的电气长度, 如采用平均值算法或者加权算法估算该电气长度;
(2)根据所述电气长度计算出整个频带上的信道的衰减值, 即信道的传递函数; ( 3 )根据上行单元和下行单元握手过程的信号测出噪声功率谱密度;
(4)根据所用编码获得编码增益;
( 5) 根据在用户端设备和局端设备所支持的各种频段规划和模板, 计算出传输信 号功率谱密度;
(6)用于根据所述信号功率谱密度、 噪声功率谱密度计算信噪比;
( 7) 用于根据所述信噪比和编码增益计算每个子载波上所能承载的比特数, 依照 承载的比特数计算上、 下行线路速率;
步骤 002: 根据获取的信道信息及设定的选择规则选择运行模板;
相应的选择规则可以是选择模板使得上行线路速率最大,或者下行线路速率最大或 者上下行线路速率之和最大;
或者, 相应的选择规则还可以是选择模板使得设备的发送功率最小、或线路的噪声 容限最大, 或线路稳定性最高。
实施例 2 本实施方式以 VDSL2线路的 annex A的 998选择运行模板为例,一共有 8a、 8b、 8c、 8d, 12a, 12b六种模板(profile), 考虑到 12b与 12a的区别仅在于前者不支持 USO频 段, 而所有 8a〜8d均需要 US0, 因此这里仅考虑上面列出 6种 profile中的前五种。 参 见图 3, 具体选择运行模板的步骤如下:
步骤 101 : 获取信道的传递函数 H(/)。
可以通过 VTU-0 (Remote VDSL Terminal Unit , 上行远端单元)和 VTU-R (VDSL下行 远端单元)根据 G. hs (Handshake procedures for VDSL, VDSL的握手过程)中得到 G. hs tones (载波) 的接收电平值和该 tones信号的发送电平值计算出该 tones的衰减, 依 据计算出的一组 tones的衰减值与频率的关系曲线来和模型曲线进行拟合,估算出信道 的电气长度。
VDSL2可有 12个 tone用于 G. hs, 以 annex A为例, 参见表 2, A43的 tone 9 17 25 和 V43的 944 972 999用于上行, A43 tone 40 56 64和 V43 tone 257 383 511用于 下行, 用这些信号衰减值与线缆的模型的衰减值进行比较可以估算出信道的电气长度 EL, 再根据这个电气长度计算信道的传递函数 H(/)。
G. 994. 1一基于 4. 3125 kHz信号族的载波装置
Figure imgf000007_0001
表 2 参见图 4, 通过估算电气长度计算信道传递函数 H(/)。
其中, Pract ical measured value表示实际测试的到的衰减函数值。
Mean est imat ion value表示利用平均值算法估算电气长度计算出的衰减函数值。 即用平均算法估算长度。 即估算出每个频点的长度后, 求这几个长度的平均值。
Weighted est imat ion value表示利用加权平均算法估算出电气长度计算出的衰减 函数值。根据频率的高低,用不同的权重来估算出的长度。即估算出每个频点的长度后, 根据每个频点的频率的所占的比重, 计算长度的加权平均值。
可以看出在信道仿真仪测到的 0. 4m线径 600m长度下的衰减曲线和根据握手 tone 的信号估算出来的衰减曲线, 符合的非常好。
步骤 102 : 测出噪声功率谱密度, 测出的噪声功率谱密度包括静态噪声功率谱密度 (这步也可以提前测出噪声功率谱密度) 和串扰噪声功率谱密度 (用 xtalk—PSD, 表示远端串扰和近端串扰之和)。
步骤 104: 根据所用的编码, 获得编码增益 Γ。
步骤 105 : 在用户端设备和局端设备所支持的各种频段规划和模板下, 计算传输信 号的功率谱密度, 根据信号功率谱密度和噪声功率谱密度计算出信噪比, 再根据信噪比 和编码增益计算出上、下行线路速率, 设定选择策略, 选择策略是选择模板使得上行线 路速率最大, 或者下行线路速率最大, 或者上下行线路速率之和最大。
具体实现过程可以包括:
1)对于指定的 band plan和指定上下行最大发送功率, 在满足 PSD mask的要求, 和保证通带范围内总功率低于上下行最大发送功率的原则下,测量确定传输信号功率谱 密度得到 PSD,再根据测量出的噪声功率谱密度 (其包括静态噪声功率谱密度 xtalk— PSD和串扰噪声功率谱密度 noise— PSD ),利用公式(1)计算 SNR,再根据公式(2) 计算出每个 tone上所能承载的 bit数, 依照承载的 bit数值计算上行、下行线路速率, 根据计算出的上行下行线路速率求出最大上、下行线路速率, 模板的选取策略是使得上 行线路速率最大, 或者下行线路速率最大, 或者上下行线路速率之和最大。 当前很多运 营商限制了上下行的最大速率, 在这种情况下, 如果在所支持的运行模板下, 算出的速 率都满足条件, 则可以根据设备发送功率最小原则, 线路噪声容限最大原则, 线路稳定 性最高等原则来选取运行模板。
Figure imgf000008_0001
bi = \og2 {\ +—^-), i = \ ...k (2)
2)对于没有指定 band plan和允许多种最大发送功率, 分别计算几种 band plan和 profi le的参数, 考虑 band plan的 l imit PSD mask (功率谱密度限制模板), MIB PSD mask以及 amateur radio band (业余频段) (三者关系参见图 5 ), 保证在通带范围内 总功率低于最大发送功率的原则, 确定发送信号功率谱密度得到 gwa/— PSD,再根据 测出的噪声功率谱密度(其包括静态噪声功率谱密度 xtalk—PSD和串扰噪声功率谱密度 noise _PSD ) , 利用公式(1), (2), 分别计算此 VDSL2所支持的几种 prof i le的上下行 速率值, 比较这几种情况下的所得的上行、 下行速率值, 选取模板使得上行线路速率最 大, 或者下行线路速率最大, 或者上下行线路速率之和最大。。 当前很多运营商限制了 上下行的最大速率, 在这种情况下, 如果在所支持的运行模板下, 算出的速率都满足条 件, 则可以根据设备发送功率最小原则, 或线路噪声容限最大原则, 或线路稳定性最高 等原则来选取运行模板。
下面举例说明上述方法, 以 G 992. 3中 Annex a为例:
图 6给出是在图 7的 band plan基础上 VDSL.2的 transmitter PSD mask (传输功率 谱密度模板), 表 3给出了在此例中 12a profile所用的下行功率谱密度, 表 4给出了在 此例中 12a profile所用的上行功率谱密度。 用插值法得到在频段点间的 PSD值, 在指 定了上下行, 最大总功率为 14.5dBm原则下, 通过以上步骤 101-105, 计算 Annex a的 8d,12a的上、 下行线路速率, 得到在 500m处 8d的上行速率为 44.565Mbps,下行速率为 12.72Mbps,上下行速率之和为 57.22Mbps, 12a 的上行速率为 42.401Mbps,下行速率为 27.294Mbps,上下行速率之和为 69.695Mbps,由此, 根据此信息我们选择 12a的 profile。 频率(KHz ) 功率谱密度 (dBm/Hz )
0 -97. 5
4 -97. 5
4 -92. 5
4 -92. 5
80 -72. 5
138 (-47. 7-7. 1)
138 (-40-7. 1)
1104 (-40-7. 1)
1622 (-50-7. 1)
Figure imgf000010_0001
同时该方法还可以扩展到 VDSL2兼容 ADSL2+ annex A、 ADSL2 annex A、 ADSL2 annex L的情况, 也可以实现 ADSL2+ annex B和 ADSL2 annex B的 profile的选择。
参见图 8, 本发明实施例还提供了一种选择运行模板的系统, 包括以下模块: 信道信息获取模块, 用于获取信道信息;
模板选择模块, 用于根据获取的信道信息, 依据设定的选择规则来选择信道的运行 模板。
其中信道信息获取模块具体包括- 信噪比计算单元, 用于计算信道的信噪比;
编码增益获取单元, 用于根据使用的编码获取编码增益;
线路速率计算单元,用于根据所述信噪比和编码增益计算每个子载波上所能承载的 比特数, 依照承载的比特数计算上、 下行线路速率。
其中, 所述的信噪比计算单元具体可以包括:
信道传递函数获取单元,用于根据握手过程中信号的接收电平值和发送电平值估算 出信道的电气长度, 再以此电气长度计算出信道的传递函数;
噪声功率谱密度测量单元, 用于根据握手过程的信号测量背景噪声,得出噪声功率 谱密度;
信号功率谱密度计算单元,用于根据在调制解调器和局端所支持的各种频段规划和 模板下, 计算传输信号功率谱密度;
信噪比计算执行单元,用于根据所述信号功率谱密度、噪声功率谱密度计算信噪比。 选择模板模块中的选择规则是选取模板使得上行线路速率最大,或者下行线路速率 最大, 或者上下行线路速率之和最大。 或者在线路速率满足限速条件下, 根据设备发送 功率最小原则, 或线路噪声容限最大原则, 或线路稳定性最高等原则来选取运行模板。
综上所述,本发明实施例可以通过上行单元和下行单元握手过程的信号获取信道的 信息, 并能够根据信道实际条件, 实现自适应地选择运行模板, 这样, 使得在系统中只 需要进行一次训练就能选择最好的运行模式, 从而可以保证方便、 快捷地选择出最适合 当前信道的运行模板。
以上所述的实施例, 只是本发明具体实施方式的一种, 本领域的技术人员在本发明 技术方案范围内进行的通常变化和替换都应包含在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims

权利要求
1.一种选择运行模板的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括以下步骤:
获取信道信息;
根据该信道信息, 依据设定的选择规则来选择运行模板。
2.如权利要求 1所述的选择运行模板的方法, 其特征在于, 所述获取信道信息的步 骤具体包括:
计算获得信道的信噪比, 并根据使用的编码获取编码增益;
根据所述信噪比和编码增益计算模板的可获得线路速率。
3.根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述的计算获得信道的信噪比的步骤 具体包括:
根据握手信号的接收电平值和发送电平值计算出信道的电气长度,并根据所述电气 长度计算信道的传递函数;
根据在用户端设备和局端设备所支持的各种频段规划和模板,计算出传输信号功率 谱密度;
根据握手过程的信号测量背景噪声计算获得噪声功率谱密度;
根据所述信号功率谱密度、 信道的传递函数、 噪声功率谱密度计算信噪比。
4.如权利要求 3所述的选择运行模板的方法, 其特征在于, 所述的电气长度为平均 值算法或者加权算法计算获得。
5.如权利要求 1所述的选择运行模板的方法, 其特征在于, 所述设定的选择规则包 括: 选择模板使得上行线路速率最大, 或者下行线路速率最大或者上下行线路速率之和 最大。
6.如权利要求 1所述的选择运行模板的方法, 其特征在于, 所述设定的选择规则包 括: 选择模板使得设备的发送功率最小、 或线路的噪声容限最大, 或线路稳定性最高。
7.—种选择运行模板的系统, 其特征在于, 包括:
信道信息获取模块, 用于获取信道信息获取信道信息;
模板选择模块, 用于根据获取的信道信息, 依据所述选择规则来选择运行模板。
8.如权利要求 7所述的选择运行模板的系统, 其特征在于, 所述信道信息获取模块 具体包括:
信噪比计算单元, 用于计算信道的信噪比;
编码增益获取单元, 用于根据使用的编码获取编码增益;
线路速率计算单元,用于根据所述信噪比和编码增益计算每个子载波上所能承载的 比特数, 依照承载的比特数计算上、 下行线路速率。
9.根据权利要求 8所述的选择运行模板的系统, 其特征在于, 所述信噪比计算单元 具体包括:
信道传递函数获取单元,用于根据握手过程中信号的接收电平值和发送电平值估算 出信道的电气长度, 再依此电气长度计算出信道的传递函数;
噪声功率谱密度测量单元,用于根据握手过程的信号测量背景噪声计算获得噪声功 率谱密度;
信号功率谱密度计算单元,用于根据在调制解调器和局端所支持的各种频段规划和 模板下, 计算传输信号功率谱密度;
信噪比计算执行单元, 用于根据所述信号功率谱密度、 噪声功率谱密度和信道传递 函数计算信噪比。
10.如权利要求 7或 8所述的选择运行模板的系统, 其特征在于, 所述选择模板模 块中的选择规则是选择模板使得上行线路速率最大,或者下行线路速率最大或者上下行 线路速率之和最大。
11.如权利要求 7或 8所述的选择运行模板的系统, 其特征在于, 所述选择模板模 块中的选择规则是选择模板使得设备的发送功率最小、或线路的噪声容限最大, 或线路 稳定性最高。
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