WO2008032909A1 - A brick for assembly - Google Patents

A brick for assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008032909A1
WO2008032909A1 PCT/KR2007/000754 KR2007000754W WO2008032909A1 WO 2008032909 A1 WO2008032909 A1 WO 2008032909A1 KR 2007000754 W KR2007000754 W KR 2007000754W WO 2008032909 A1 WO2008032909 A1 WO 2008032909A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
weight
parts
bricks
projections
concave grooves
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2007/000754
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Nam Kyu Kim
Nam Il Kim
Sang Kwon Park
Kang Yeong Kwak
Original Assignee
Hansang Construction Co., Ltd.
Hansang Development And Consulting
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hansang Construction Co., Ltd., Hansang Development And Consulting filed Critical Hansang Construction Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2008032909A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008032909A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/39—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
    • E04C1/397—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra serving for locating conduits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/06—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/06—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/08—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0215—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions
    • E04B2002/0223—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions of cylindrical shape

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to prefabricated bricks, more particularly, to prefabricated bricks, which comprise: (a) a body; (b) a plurality of bulbous projections extending upwardly from the topsurface of the body portion; (c) a plurality of concave grooves formed on the bottom surface of the body portion such that they correspond to each projection; and (d) a plurality of through-holes formed between the projections and the concave grooves such that they penetrate through upper and lower sides of the body, wherein they are configured such that each corresponding projection and each corresponding concave groove are engaged with each other to facilitate assembly of a plurality of bricks.
  • Conventional bricks have problems in that it is not easy for ordinary people to use the conventional bricks since the bricks are the shape of a rectangular or the center of which is penetrated vertically and thus they should be heaped up by injecting cement into the bricks to bond them during construction, waterproof and heat insulating effects are reduced because the cement is not completely filled in the space between the bricks, and the construction period is lengthened.
  • the present inventors have made extensive efforts to solve such problems occurring in the conventional art, and as a result, they have made it easy to assemble by forming projections on the top surface of the body and corresponding concave grooves on the bottom surface thereof, and confirmed that the rigidity of the bricks was increased due to a single wall structure formed by engaging the projections with the concave grooves without gaps, and the bricks were easy to separate because edge peripheries of the projections were roundly curved, thereby completing the present invention.
  • a main object of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated brick, in which projections are formed on the top surface thereof and concave grooves corresponding to the projections are formed on the bottom surface thereof in order to facilitate the assembly during construction.
  • the present invention provides prefabricated bricks, which comprise: (a) a body; (b) a plurality of bulbous projections extending upwardly from the topsurface of the body portion; (c) a plurality of concave grooves formed on the bottom surface of the body portion such that they correspond to each projection; and (d) a plurality of through-holes formed between the projections and the concave grooves such that they penetrate through upper and lower sides of the body, wherein they are configured such that each corresponding projection and each corresponding concave groove are engaged with each other to facilitate the assembly of a plurality of bricks.
  • the number of projections and concave grooves is preferably 2 ⁇ 10, and the number of through-holes is preferably 2 ⁇ 8, electrical conduits and water supply pipes are preferably inserted into the through-holes to reinforce the wall surface of a building.
  • the prefabricated bricks of the present invention are preferably manufactured using soil and stabilizer, and the stabilizer preferably comprises: 30 to 40 parts by weight of SiO 2 , 10 to 20 parts by weight Of Al 2 O 3 , 4 to 6 parts by weight Of Fe 2 O 3 , 5 to 8 parts by weight of MgO, 15 to 25 parts by weight of CaSO 4 , 1 to 3 parts by weight Of CaCl 2 , 3 to 5 parts by weight of liquefied CoCl 2 , 20 to 25 parts by weight of
  • NaCl 25 to 30 parts by weight of KCl, 5 to 15 parts by weight of MgCl, and 2 to 3 parts by weight of citric acid based on 100 parts by weight of CaO.
  • FIG. 1 shows a prefabricated brick according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, (c) is a top plan view, and (d) is a bottom plan view;
  • FIG. 2 shows a prefabricated brick according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, (c) is a top plan view, and (d) is a bottom plan view;
  • FIG. 3 shows the construction state after construction was conducted using the prefabricated bricks according to the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to prefabricated bricks, more particularly, to prefabricated bricks, which comprise: (a) a body; (b) a plurality of bulbous projections extending upwardly from the topsurface of the body portion; (c) a plurality of concave grooves formed on the bottom surface of the body portion such that they correspond to each projection; and (d) a plurality of through-holes formed between the projections and the concave grooves such that they penetrate through upper and lower sides of the body, wherein they are configured such that each corresponding projection and each corresponding concave groove are engaged with each other to facilitate assembly of a plurality of bricks.
  • FIG. 1 shows a prefabricated brick according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the brick of the type is used in a corner wall construction
  • FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the prefabricated brick according to the present invention, and the brick of the type is used in a plane wall construction.
  • the prefabricated brick according to the present invention comprises a body 10; a plurality of projections 20 formed on the top surface of the body portion; a plurality of concave grooves 30 formed on the bottom surface of the body portion; and a plurality of through-holes 40 formed between the projections and the concave grooves such that they penetrate through upper and lower sides of the body.
  • the fabricated brick may have a plurality of projections and concave grooves, and the number of projections and concave grooves is preferably 2 ⁇ 10, and more preferably 2 ⁇ 4.
  • a plurality of through-holes may be formed between the projections and between the concave grooves to penetrate through the upper and lower sides of the body, and the through-holes are disposed in parallel and the number thereof is preferably 2 ⁇ 8, and more preferably 2-6.
  • the edge peripheries of the projection formed on the top surface of the body are roundly curved, and concave grooves corresponding to the projections are formed on the bottom surface of the body.
  • a plurality of bricks may be easily assembled upward and downward by engaging the projections with the concave grooves.
  • the rigidity of the wall body is increased.
  • both sides of the projection are roundly curved, it is not difficult to separate bricks and the original shape is not changed at the time of separation, and thus it is possible to separate them without any damage to recycle them when the construction should be corrected.
  • the prefabricated brick of the present invention further comprises a plurality of through-holes formed between the projections and the concave grooves such that they penetrate through upper and lower sides of the body, and the through- holes may be used as passageways for electric cables and water supply by inserting the electrical conduits, the water supply pipes, and the like thereinto so that there is no need to cut the outer portion of the brick or to cut grooves, and it is possible to maintain a smooth outer appearance because utility pipes are not installed into exposed outside pipes and also, the wall surface may be reinforced by connecting the inserted electrical conduits and the water supply pipes upward and downward.
  • the prefabricated brick of the present invention may be manufactured using soil and cement stabilizer, which are practical, have a strong durability and show superior shaping capabilites due to the fact that the plasticity can be easily adjusted, in addition to cement and thus construction can be conducted without cement and mortar. Also, since the wall body constructed of the prefabricated bricks is artificially solidified over a long time so that a crack doesn't occur, it is rigid, and since it is made of a material having excellent adiabatic and soundproof properties so that it does not require a finishing process, a rigid and graceful wall body is constructed.
  • the stabilizer preferably comprises: 30 to 40 parts by weight of SiO 2 , 10 to 20 parts by weight of AI 2 O 3 , 4 to 6 parts by weight of Fe 2 O 3 , 5 to 8 parts by weight of MgO, 15 to 25 parts by weight of CaSO 4 , 1 to 3 parts by weight of CaCl 2 , 3 to 5 parts by weight Of CoCl 2 , 20 to 25 parts by weight of NaCl, 25 to 30 parts by weight of KCl, 5 to 15 parts by weight of MgCl, and 2 to 3 parts by weight of citric acid based on 100 parts by weight of CaO.
  • Calcium oxide (CaO) is a white powder of the isometric system, and absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from the air to produce Ca(OH) 2 and CaCO 3 , in which moisture is evaporated by hydration heat of calcium oxide (CaO) to accelerate solidification.
  • Calcium oxide, which constitutes the cement stabilizer can be used in an amount which is optionally set within such a range that it does not hinder hardening due to little hydration reaction, it does not induce a whitening phenomenon by calcium (Ca) elution and it does not cause a crack in a hardening material even though copper (Cu) or lead (Pb) is immobilized due to high hydration reaction.
  • Silica (SiO 2 ) may be present in an amount of 30 to 40 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of calcium oxide (CaO), in consideration of fixation of heavy metals and expression of strength. Also, the component ratio between aluminum oxide (AI 2 O 3 ) and iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) is set by a fixed ratio to each other based on general cement literature, the ratio of SiO 2 Ml 2 O 3 is limited within 1.5, and Al 2 O 3 represents the total amount of Al 2 O 3 and Fe 2 O 3 .
  • Aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) facilitates ion substitution of heavy metal such as chromium or manganese and affects the strength, but the iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) does not significantly affect the strength and thus it is preferable that aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) is used in an amount of 10 to 20 parts by weight and iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) is used in an amount of 4 to 6 parts by weight, in consideration of heavy metal ion substitution and strength.
  • aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) and silica (SiO 2 ) are affected by alkali reactions to cause a bond to an amphoteric compound such as X and X-OH-, which are solidifying materials, to increase solidifying force and exhibit strong adsorption force.
  • an amphoteric compound such as X and X-OH-
  • Magnesium oxide (MgO) is crystals of the isometric system, and it absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide from the air to produce magnesium carbonate and thus promotes solidification of sludge, which is represented by the following reaction scheme 1.
  • magnesium oxide reacts with water to produce 3MgCO 3 Mg(OH) 2 3H 2 O, thus resulting in solidification, which suggests that MgO functions as a catalyst for promoting solidification, and aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), whose interface properties are changed to exhibit an adsorption capability and function as a solidification-promoting catalyst, functions to promote early solidification and stabilization.
  • aluminum oxide Al 2 O 3
  • cobalt chloride helps to separate moisture at the time of solidification, and results in the absorption of outer moisture to solidify sludge and thus the bricks have properties of gas adsorption, and heavy metal adsorption, which is very effective in trems of environment.
  • cobalt chloride is preferably contained in an amount of 3 ⁇ 5 parts by weight.
  • calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ) and tri-calcium aluminate calcium sulpho-aluminate (ettringite, mono-sulfate) hydrates effectively fix chromium
  • the content of calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ) is preferably 15 to 25 parts by weight.
  • Calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) is used for controlling rapid heat generation of calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ), and the content thereof is preferably about 0.5 parts by weight based on the whole amount of the structure, and is preferable to be limited to an amount of 1 to 3 parts by weight.
  • Calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) and calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ) may be used to reduce cracks caused by hydration heat resulting from the hydration reaction of cement and calcium oxide (CaO), increase strength, and control hardening time.
  • Sodium chloride (NaCl) produces mono-sulfate salt in a target material to be solidificated to promote early solidification.
  • Potassium chloride (KCl) gives a solidifying agent penetration force into the target surface in cement hydrate to prevent separation of the solidifying agent and promotes hydration reaction, and magnesium chloride (MgCl) functions to increase adsorption of moisture.
  • the solidifying agent may preferably have a shape selected from the group consisting of powder, liquid and gel.
  • low quality clincker with low degree of powdering which is produced during the baking of limestone, may be used for calcium oxide (CaO)
  • coal fly ash may be used for the silica (SiO 2 ) and aluminum oxide (Al 2 Os)
  • iron rust generated by iron wire manufacturing plants may be used for iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 )
  • phosphate of lime generated by phosphate fertilizer manufacturing plants may be used for calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ).
  • clay minerals deficient in sludge may be supplemented by mixing soil components in the circulation aggregates with filling materials in an amount of 20 to 30 percent by weight of the whole mixture.
  • the prefabricated bricks of the present invention may be manufactured by mixing the solidifying agent, coal fly ash, general Portland cement, and sand with soil, and then curing the obtained mixture to produce hardening material, followed by compressing the hardening material into a brick shape.
  • the hardening material is prepared by mixing 30 to 60 parts by weight of a solidifying agent, 120 to 180 parts by weight of a coal fly ash, 60 to 90 parts by weight of a general Portland cement, and 75 to 100 parts by weight of a sand based on 100 parts by weight of soil, and then curing the obtained mixture.
  • the content of the solidifying agent is limited to 30 to 60 parts by weight with respect to economic efficiency of the hardening material, like the case of cement, and it is preferable to add the cement and the solidifying agent in such an amount that it dose not exceed 40% of the whole mixing ratio.
  • the coal fly ash accelerates pozzolanic reaction of the solidifying agent to densify a needle-like crystal structure.
  • the coal fly ash is inferior to cement, it is still used since it has the same function as cement, and it is an industrial byproduct and thus cheaper than cement.
  • the amount of the coal fly ash is deficient, the total amount of cement substitution is minimum, and when excessive amount of coal fly ash is present, the amount of cement is reduced and thus the hardening function of cement is reduced. Thus, the content thereof is limited to 120 to 180 parts by weight.
  • the general Portland cement is solidified and stabilized by hydration reaction and pozzolanic reaction to improve rigidity, and forms a matrix of solidified material.
  • the general Portland cement When the general Portland cement is present in an amount of less than about 60 parts by weight, the hydration reaction and pozzolanic reaction of the cement are poor to reduce strength upon recycling, and when the amount of the general Portland cement is more than about 90 parts by weight, the total amount of coal fly ash substitution is reduced to reduce economic efficiency so that it is limited to the amount of 60 to 90 parts by weight.
  • FIG. 3 shows the construction state after construction was conducted using the prefabricated bricks according to the present invention.
  • the conventional bricks have problems in that, since mortar treatment should be performed to prevent the formation of a gap between bricks at the time of heaping up, long working time is required to conduct construction using the conventional bricks.
  • the projections formed on the body are engaged with the corresponding concave grooves to form a single wall structure, thus having an excellent strength and making it easy to assemble and separate.
  • the engagement of the projections with the concave grooves allows bricks to be heaped up upward and downward, and the prefabricated bricks of the present invention can also be connected rightward and leftward to be heaped up.
  • the present invention has an effect to provide prefabricated bricks which enable simple construction.
  • the inventive prefabricated bricks since the projections formed on the top surface of the body are engaged with concave grooves formed on the bottom surface of the body to make it easy to assemble a plurality of bricks, the construction becomes simple and the construction period is reduced, and the projections and the concave grooves are engaged without gaps to form a single wall structure, thus increasing the rigidity thereof. Also, since the edge peripheries of the projections formed on the top surface of the body are roundly curved, it is possible to separate them without any damage to the bricks to enable the recycling when the construction should be corrected, thus reducing the amount of the materials used.
  • the through-holes formed in the body can be used as passageways for electric cables and water supply by inserting electrical conduits, water supply pipes, and the like, there is no need to cut the outer portion of the brick or to cut grooves in the bricks, and rather they provide the effect of reinforcing the wall surface by the inserted electrical conduits and water supply pipes.
  • materials used in the present invention are soil and solidifying agents which are practical, have a strong durability and show superior shaping capabilities due to the fact that the plasticity can be easily adjusted, construction can be conducted without mortar and Ordinary Portland Cement (O.P.C).

Abstract

The present invention relates to prefabricated bricks, more particularly, to prefabricated bricks, which comprise: (a) a body; (b) a plurality of bulbous projections extending upwardly from the topsurface of the body portion; (c) a plurality of concave grooves formed on the bottom surface of the body portion such that they correspond to each projection; and (d) a plurality of through-holes formed between the projections and the concave grooves such that they penetrate through upper and lower sides of the body, wherein they are configured such that each corresponding projection and each corresponding concave groove are engaged with each other to facilitate assembly of a plurality of bricks. According to the present invention, since it is easy to assemble a plurality of the inventive fabricated bricks, the construction becomes simple and the construction period is reduced, and the rigidity is increased due to the formation of a single wall structure. Also, since materials used in the present invention are soil and solidifying agent, which are practical, have a strong durability and show superior shaping capabilities due to the fact that the plasticity can be easily adjusted, construction can be conducted without mortar and Ordinary Portland Cement (O.P.C).

Description

A BRICK FOR ASSEMBLY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to prefabricated bricks, more particularly, to prefabricated bricks, which comprise: (a) a body; (b) a plurality of bulbous projections extending upwardly from the topsurface of the body portion; (c) a plurality of concave grooves formed on the bottom surface of the body portion such that they correspond to each projection; and (d) a plurality of through-holes formed between the projections and the concave grooves such that they penetrate through upper and lower sides of the body, wherein they are configured such that each corresponding projection and each corresponding concave groove are engaged with each other to facilitate assembly of a plurality of bricks.
BACKGROUND ART
Conventional bricks have problems in that it is not easy for ordinary people to use the conventional bricks since the bricks are the shape of a rectangular or the center of which is penetrated vertically and thus they should be heaped up by injecting cement into the bricks to bond them during construction, waterproof and heat insulating effects are reduced because the cement is not completely filled in the space between the bricks, and the construction period is lengthened.
In addition, when the construction should be corrected, there are problems in that it is difficult to separate the bricks, and the original shape of the brick changes and thus it is impossible to recycle it, which causes a large amount of construction waste. As related conventional art, there is "a prefabricated brick set construction" (Korean utility model registration No. 20-0400095, registered on October 26, 2005), which is advantageous in that the bricks are easily assembled by means of engagement projections and engagement grooves. However, there is a problem in that it is not easy to separate the engagement projections from the engagement grooves since the brick was made of cement, thereby changing the original shape of the brick.
Accordingly, the present inventors have made extensive efforts to solve such problems occurring in the conventional art, and as a result, they have made it easy to assemble by forming projections on the top surface of the body and corresponding concave grooves on the bottom surface thereof, and confirmed that the rigidity of the bricks was increased due to a single wall structure formed by engaging the projections with the concave grooves without gaps, and the bricks were easy to separate because edge peripheries of the projections were roundly curved, thereby completing the present invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A main object of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated brick, in which projections are formed on the top surface thereof and concave grooves corresponding to the projections are formed on the bottom surface thereof in order to facilitate the assembly during construction.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides prefabricated bricks, which comprise: (a) a body; (b) a plurality of bulbous projections extending upwardly from the topsurface of the body portion; (c) a plurality of concave grooves formed on the bottom surface of the body portion such that they correspond to each projection; and (d) a plurality of through-holes formed between the projections and the concave grooves such that they penetrate through upper and lower sides of the body, wherein they are configured such that each corresponding projection and each corresponding concave groove are engaged with each other to facilitate the assembly of a plurality of bricks.
In the present invention, the number of projections and concave grooves is preferably 2~10, and the number of through-holes is preferably 2~8, electrical conduits and water supply pipes are preferably inserted into the through-holes to reinforce the wall surface of a building.
Also, the prefabricated bricks of the present invention are preferably manufactured using soil and stabilizer, and the stabilizer preferably comprises: 30 to 40 parts by weight of SiO2, 10 to 20 parts by weight Of Al2O3, 4 to 6 parts by weight Of Fe2O3, 5 to 8 parts by weight of MgO, 15 to 25 parts by weight of CaSO4, 1 to 3 parts by weight Of CaCl2, 3 to 5 parts by weight of liquefied CoCl2, 20 to 25 parts by weight of
NaCl, 25 to 30 parts by weight of KCl, 5 to 15 parts by weight of MgCl, and 2 to 3 parts by weight of citric acid based on 100 parts by weight of CaO.
The above and other objects, features and embodiments of the present invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description and accompanying claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows a prefabricated brick according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, (c) is a top plan view, and (d) is a bottom plan view;
FIG. 2 shows a prefabricated brick according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, (c) is a top plan view, and (d) is a bottom plan view; FIG. 3 shows the construction state after construction was conducted using the prefabricated bricks according to the present invention.
<Explanation on reference numerals of the principal portions in the drawings> 10: body 20: projection 21: curved portion
30: concave groove 40: through-hole
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION, AND PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present invention relates to prefabricated bricks, more particularly, to prefabricated bricks, which comprise: (a) a body; (b) a plurality of bulbous projections extending upwardly from the topsurface of the body portion; (c) a plurality of concave grooves formed on the bottom surface of the body portion such that they correspond to each projection; and (d) a plurality of through-holes formed between the projections and the concave grooves such that they penetrate through upper and lower sides of the body, wherein they are configured such that each corresponding projection and each corresponding concave groove are engaged with each other to facilitate assembly of a plurality of bricks.
Hereinafter, the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the appended drawings.
In the present invention, FIG. 1 shows a prefabricated brick according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the brick of the type is used in a corner wall construction, and FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the prefabricated brick according to the present invention, and the brick of the type is used in a plane wall construction. As shown in FIGs. 1 and 2, the prefabricated brick according to the present invention comprises a body 10; a plurality of projections 20 formed on the top surface of the body portion; a plurality of concave grooves 30 formed on the bottom surface of the body portion; and a plurality of through-holes 40 formed between the projections and the concave grooves such that they penetrate through upper and lower sides of the body.
In the present invention, the fabricated brick may have a plurality of projections and concave grooves, and the number of projections and concave grooves is preferably 2~10, and more preferably 2~4. In addition, a plurality of through-holes may be formed between the projections and between the concave grooves to penetrate through the upper and lower sides of the body, and the through-holes are disposed in parallel and the number thereof is preferably 2~8, and more preferably 2-6. The edge peripheries of the projection formed on the top surface of the body are roundly curved, and concave grooves corresponding to the projections are formed on the bottom surface of the body. A plurality of bricks may be easily assembled upward and downward by engaging the projections with the concave grooves. Since the projections and the concave grooves are engaged with each other without gaps to form a single wall structure, the rigidity of the wall body is increased. As both sides of the projection are roundly curved, it is not difficult to separate bricks and the original shape is not changed at the time of separation, and thus it is possible to separate them without any damage to recycle them when the construction should be corrected.
Moreover, the prefabricated brick of the present invention further comprises a plurality of through-holes formed between the projections and the concave grooves such that they penetrate through upper and lower sides of the body, and the through- holes may be used as passageways for electric cables and water supply by inserting the electrical conduits, the water supply pipes, and the like thereinto so that there is no need to cut the outer portion of the brick or to cut grooves, and it is possible to maintain a smooth outer appearance because utility pipes are not installed into exposed outside pipes and also, the wall surface may be reinforced by connecting the inserted electrical conduits and the water supply pipes upward and downward.
The prefabricated brick of the present invention may be manufactured using soil and cement stabilizer, which are practical, have a strong durability and show superior shaping capabilites due to the fact that the plasticity can be easily adjusted, in addition to cement and thus construction can be conducted without cement and mortar. Also, since the wall body constructed of the prefabricated bricks is artificially solidified over a long time so that a crack doesn't occur, it is rigid, and since it is made of a material having excellent adiabatic and soundproof properties so that it does not require a finishing process, a rigid and graceful wall body is constructed.
The stabilizer preferably comprises: 30 to 40 parts by weight of SiO2, 10 to 20 parts by weight of AI2O3, 4 to 6 parts by weight of Fe2O3, 5 to 8 parts by weight of MgO, 15 to 25 parts by weight of CaSO4, 1 to 3 parts by weight of CaCl2, 3 to 5 parts by weight Of CoCl2, 20 to 25 parts by weight of NaCl, 25 to 30 parts by weight of KCl, 5 to 15 parts by weight of MgCl, and 2 to 3 parts by weight of citric acid based on 100 parts by weight of CaO.
Calcium oxide (CaO) is a white powder of the isometric system, and absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air to produce Ca(OH)2 and CaCO3, in which moisture is evaporated by hydration heat of calcium oxide (CaO) to accelerate solidification. Calcium oxide, which constitutes the cement stabilizer, can be used in an amount which is optionally set within such a range that it does not hinder hardening due to little hydration reaction, it does not induce a whitening phenomenon by calcium (Ca) elution and it does not cause a crack in a hardening material even though copper (Cu) or lead (Pb) is immobilized due to high hydration reaction.
Silica (SiO2) may be present in an amount of 30 to 40 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of calcium oxide (CaO), in consideration of fixation of heavy metals and expression of strength. Also, the component ratio between aluminum oxide (AI2O3) and iron oxide (Fe2O3) is set by a fixed ratio to each other based on general cement literature, the ratio of SiO2Ml2O3 is limited within 1.5, and Al2O3 represents the total amount of Al2O3 and Fe2O3. Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) facilitates ion substitution of heavy metal such as chromium or manganese and affects the strength, but the iron oxide (Fe2O3) does not significantly affect the strength and thus it is preferable that aluminum oxide (Al2O3) is used in an amount of 10 to 20 parts by weight and iron oxide (Fe2O3) is used in an amount of 4 to 6 parts by weight, in consideration of heavy metal ion substitution and strength. Herein, aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and silica (SiO2) are affected by alkali reactions to cause a bond to an amphoteric compound such as X and X-OH-, which are solidifying materials, to increase solidifying force and exhibit strong adsorption force. Thus, it is possible to accomplish early cement stabilization based on the ettringite crystalline structure produced from calcium oxide (CaO), silica (SiO2), and aluminum oxide (Al2O3).
Magnesium oxide (MgO) is crystals of the isometric system, and it absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide from the air to produce magnesium carbonate and thus promotes solidification of sludge, which is represented by the following reaction scheme 1.
4MgO + 3CO2 + 4H2O → 3MgCO3 Mg(OH)2- 3H2O — (1)
As represented by the Reaction Scheme 1, magnesium oxide reacts with water to produce 3MgCO3 Mg(OH)2 3H2O, thus resulting in solidification, which suggests that MgO functions as a catalyst for promoting solidification, and aluminum oxide (Al2O3), whose interface properties are changed to exhibit an adsorption capability and function as a solidification-promoting catalyst, functions to promote early solidification and stabilization. In particular, the addition of cobalt chloride (CoCl2) helps to separate moisture at the time of solidification, and results in the absorption of outer moisture to solidify sludge and thus the bricks have properties of gas adsorption, and heavy metal adsorption, which is very effective in trems of environment. Herein, cobalt chloride is preferably contained in an amount of 3~5 parts by weight.
Through the reaction between calcium sulfate (CaSO4) and tri-calcium aluminate, calcium sulpho-aluminate (ettringite, mono-sulfate) hydrates effectively fix chromium
(Cr) or lead (Pb), and if calcium sulfate (CaSO4) is contained in an amount of less than 15 parts by weight, the expression of strength will be low, and if it is contained in an amount of more than 25 parts by weight, the strength is reduced to cause cracks.
Therefore, the content of calcium sulfate (CaSO4) is preferably 15 to 25 parts by weight.
Calcium chloride (CaCl2) is used for controlling rapid heat generation of calcium sulfate (CaSO4), and the content thereof is preferably about 0.5 parts by weight based on the whole amount of the structure, and is preferable to be limited to an amount of 1 to 3 parts by weight. Calcium chloride (CaCl2) and calcium sulfate (CaSO4) may be used to reduce cracks caused by hydration heat resulting from the hydration reaction of cement and calcium oxide (CaO), increase strength, and control hardening time.
Sodium chloride (NaCl) produces mono-sulfate salt in a target material to be solidificated to promote early solidification. Potassium chloride (KCl) gives a solidifying agent penetration force into the target surface in cement hydrate to prevent separation of the solidifying agent and promotes hydration reaction, and magnesium chloride (MgCl) functions to increase adsorption of moisture.
The solidifying agent may preferably have a shape selected from the group consisting of powder, liquid and gel.
For the compositions of the solidifying agent, low quality clincker with low degree of powdering, which is produced during the baking of limestone, may be used for calcium oxide (CaO), coal fly ash may be used for the silica (SiO2) and aluminum oxide (Al2Os), iron rust generated by iron wire manufacturing plants may be used for iron oxide (Fe2O3), and phosphate of lime generated by phosphate fertilizer manufacturing plants may be used for calcium sulfate (CaSO4). In addition, clay minerals deficient in sludge may be supplemented by mixing soil components in the circulation aggregates with filling materials in an amount of 20 to 30 percent by weight of the whole mixture.
The prefabricated bricks of the present invention may be manufactured by mixing the solidifying agent, coal fly ash, general Portland cement, and sand with soil, and then curing the obtained mixture to produce hardening material, followed by compressing the hardening material into a brick shape.
The hardening material is prepared by mixing 30 to 60 parts by weight of a solidifying agent, 120 to 180 parts by weight of a coal fly ash, 60 to 90 parts by weight of a general Portland cement, and 75 to 100 parts by weight of a sand based on 100 parts by weight of soil, and then curing the obtained mixture.
The content of the solidifying agent is limited to 30 to 60 parts by weight with respect to economic efficiency of the hardening material, like the case of cement, and it is preferable to add the cement and the solidifying agent in such an amount that it dose not exceed 40% of the whole mixing ratio.
The coal fly ash accelerates pozzolanic reaction of the solidifying agent to densify a needle-like crystal structure. Although the coal fly ash is inferior to cement, it is still used since it has the same function as cement, and it is an industrial byproduct and thus cheaper than cement. Also, when the amount of the coal fly ash is deficient, the total amount of cement substitution is minimum, and when excessive amount of coal fly ash is present, the amount of cement is reduced and thus the hardening function of cement is reduced. Thus, the content thereof is limited to 120 to 180 parts by weight. The general Portland cement is solidified and stabilized by hydration reaction and pozzolanic reaction to improve rigidity, and forms a matrix of solidified material. When the general Portland cement is present in an amount of less than about 60 parts by weight, the hydration reaction and pozzolanic reaction of the cement are poor to reduce strength upon recycling, and when the amount of the general Portland cement is more than about 90 parts by weight, the total amount of coal fly ash substitution is reduced to reduce economic efficiency so that it is limited to the amount of 60 to 90 parts by weight.
Next, FIG. 3 shows the construction state after construction was conducted using the prefabricated bricks according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the conventional bricks have problems in that, since mortar treatment should be performed to prevent the formation of a gap between bricks at the time of heaping up, long working time is required to conduct construction using the conventional bricks. However, in the construction using the prefabricated brick of the present invention, the projections formed on the body are engaged with the corresponding concave grooves to form a single wall structure, thus having an excellent strength and making it easy to assemble and separate. The engagement of the projections with the concave grooves allows bricks to be heaped up upward and downward, and the prefabricated bricks of the present invention can also be connected rightward and leftward to be heaped up.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
As described above, the present invention has an effect to provide prefabricated bricks which enable simple construction. According to the inventive prefabricated bricks, since the projections formed on the top surface of the body are engaged with concave grooves formed on the bottom surface of the body to make it easy to assemble a plurality of bricks, the construction becomes simple and the construction period is reduced, and the projections and the concave grooves are engaged without gaps to form a single wall structure, thus increasing the rigidity thereof. Also, since the edge peripheries of the projections formed on the top surface of the body are roundly curved, it is possible to separate them without any damage to the bricks to enable the recycling when the construction should be corrected, thus reducing the amount of the materials used.
In addition, since the through-holes formed in the body can be used as passageways for electric cables and water supply by inserting electrical conduits, water supply pipes, and the like, there is no need to cut the outer portion of the brick or to cut grooves in the bricks, and rather they provide the effect of reinforcing the wall surface by the inserted electrical conduits and water supply pipes. Moreover, since materials used in the present invention are soil and solidifying agents which are practical, have a strong durability and show superior shaping capabilities due to the fact that the plasticity can be easily adjusted, construction can be conducted without mortar and Ordinary Portland Cement (O.P.C).
While the present invention has been described with reference to the particular illustrative embodiment, it is not to be restricted by the embodiment but only by the appended claims. It is to be appreciated that those skilled in the art can change or modify the embodiment without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

THE CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:
1. Prefabricated bricks, which comprise: (a) a body;
(b) a plurality of bulbous projections extending upwardly from the topsurface of the body portion;
(c) a plurality of concave grooves formed on the bottom surface of the body portion such that they correspond to each projection; and (d) a plurality of through-holes formed between the projections and the concave grooves such that they penetrate through upper and lower sides of the body; wherein they are configured such that each corresponding projection and each corresponding concave groove are engaged with each other to facilitate assembly of a plurality of bricks.
2. The prefabricated brick according to claim 1, wherein the number of projections and concave grooves is 2~10, and the number of through-holes is 2-8.
3. The prefabricated brick according to claim 1, wherein electrical conduits and water supply pipes are inserted into the through-holes to reinforce the wall surface of a building.
4. The prefabricated brick according to claim 1, wherein the prefabricated brick is manufactured using soil and stabilizer.
5. The prefabricated brick according to claim 4, wherein the stabilizer comprises: 30 to 40 parts by weight of SiO2, 10 to 20 parts by weight of Al2O3, 4 to 6 parts by weight OfFe2O3, 5 to 8 parts by weight of MgO, 15 to 25 parts by weight Of CaSO4, 1 to 3 parts by weight of CaCl2, 3 to 5 parts by weight of liquefied CoCl2, 20 to 25 parts by weight of NaCl, 25 to 30 parts by weight of KCl, 5 to 15 parts by weight of MgCl, and 2 to 3 parts by weight of citric acid based on 100 parts by weight of CaO.
PCT/KR2007/000754 2006-09-11 2007-02-12 A brick for assembly WO2008032909A1 (en)

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KR2020060024423U KR200431819Y1 (en) 2006-09-11 2006-09-11 Assembly Brick

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KR20190102786A (en) 2018-02-27 2019-09-04 (주)씨드종합건축 Prefabricated wall for Show House

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR860002658Y1 (en) * 1982-02-25 1986-10-10 이기춘 Prefabricated brick
KR19990012002U (en) * 1998-12-31 1999-03-25 홍종구 Structural blocks
KR20020092332A (en) * 2002-11-16 2002-12-11 서양섭 Korean Hypocaust and Mortar With Increased Strength Made From Korean Loess, and The Preparation Method Thereof
KR200346650Y1 (en) * 2003-05-14 2004-04-03 임택원 Block and Brick for architecture
JP2004278290A (en) * 2003-02-28 2004-10-07 Masahiko Mishima Building block, unit board for building block, covering member for building block, base body for building block, pressure welding tool for building block, wall body construction method, wall body fixing method, abutting hinge, building estimation method, and building estimation program
KR20050017976A (en) * 2003-08-12 2005-02-23 이병국 Barren land brick

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR860002658Y1 (en) * 1982-02-25 1986-10-10 이기춘 Prefabricated brick
KR19990012002U (en) * 1998-12-31 1999-03-25 홍종구 Structural blocks
KR20020092332A (en) * 2002-11-16 2002-12-11 서양섭 Korean Hypocaust and Mortar With Increased Strength Made From Korean Loess, and The Preparation Method Thereof
JP2004278290A (en) * 2003-02-28 2004-10-07 Masahiko Mishima Building block, unit board for building block, covering member for building block, base body for building block, pressure welding tool for building block, wall body construction method, wall body fixing method, abutting hinge, building estimation method, and building estimation program
KR200346650Y1 (en) * 2003-05-14 2004-04-03 임택원 Block and Brick for architecture
KR20050017976A (en) * 2003-08-12 2005-02-23 이병국 Barren land brick

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