WO2008004881A1 - Method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream - Google Patents

Method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008004881A1
WO2008004881A1 PCT/NO2007/000247 NO2007000247W WO2008004881A1 WO 2008004881 A1 WO2008004881 A1 WO 2008004881A1 NO 2007000247 W NO2007000247 W NO 2007000247W WO 2008004881 A1 WO2008004881 A1 WO 2008004881A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
gas
well effluent
effluent stream
multiphase
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO2007/000247
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Edwin Poorte
Original Assignee
Norsk Hydro Produksjon A.S.
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Norsk Hydro Produksjon A.S., Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. filed Critical Norsk Hydro Produksjon A.S.
Priority to US12/307,713 priority Critical patent/US20100006291A1/en
Priority to GB0902045A priority patent/GB2454126B/en
Priority to AU2007270185A priority patent/AU2007270185B2/en
Publication of WO2008004881A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008004881A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28CHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/34Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
    • E21B43/36Underwater separating arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/0206Heat exchangers immersed in a large body of liquid
    • F28D1/022Heat exchangers immersed in a large body of liquid for immersion in a natural body of water, e.g. marine radiators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0059Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for petrochemical plants

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream.
  • Such a method is known from OTC paper 17399 "Subsea Gas Compression - Challenges and Solutions” presented by R.Fantoft at the Offshore Technology Conference held in Houston, USA on 2-5 May 2005 and from International patent applications WO30/033870, WO03/035335 and WO 2005/026497.
  • the method known from WO2005/026497 comprises: transferring the multiphase well . effluent mixture via a multiphase well effluent flowline to a gas liquid separator in which the multiphase well effluent mixture is separated into substantially gaseous and liquid fractions;
  • the gas liquid separator and heat exchanger may be immersed in (sea)water and the heat exchanger may be cooled by the surrounding (sea)water.
  • the driving force for the liquid circulation may be provided by the static head between the liquid level in the separator and the injection point.
  • Particular advantages of the method according to the invention are that any gas carry-under to the liquid stream or liquid carry-over to the gas stream are immaterial, hence no level control is needed.
  • the system may therefore consist entirely of static equipment (i.e. requires no pump, no power, no instrumention and no controls) and is therefore extremely robust, solids tolerant and of low cost.
  • the multiphase well effluent stream is transported from one or more gas and/or crude oil production wells to the gas liquid separator via a multiphase well effluent transportation conduit and the cooled liquid enriched fraction may be reinjected into the multiphase well effluent transportation conduit by means of a jet pump, where the multiphase effluent will be the motive fluid. This will cause a minor drop in pressure of the multiphase effluent.
  • the gas liquid separator may be a hybrid cyclonic and gravity separator comprising a substantially vertically orientated tubular separation vessel with a liquid outlet near the bottom of the vessel and a gas outlet near the top of the vessel and a substantially tangential multiphase fluid inlet which , is connected to the multiphase we'll effluent ⁇ transportation conduit.
  • FIG.l depicts a schematic view of assembly for use in the method according to the invention.
  • FIG.2 depicts a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the assembly of FIG.l.
  • FIG.l depicts a subsea natural gas and/or crude oil production well 1 from which the produced multiphase well effluent stream G+L is transported to a gas liquid separator 2 via a multiphase well effluent transportation conduit 3, which may be located close to the sea bed 4.
  • the gas liquid separator 2 comprises a gravity type separation vessel in which a liquid fraction L accumulates at the bottom of the vessel and is discharged into a liquid recycling conduit 5 in which a heat exchanger 6 is arranged in which the recycled liquid is cooled and which recycling conduit discharges recycled cold liquid L co id into the multiphase well effluent transportation conduit 3, which recycled cold liquid L co id cools the entire multiphase well effluent stream, including the gaseous fraction, thereby generating a cooled multiphase well effluent stream G+L CO oi ed that is discharged via an upper outlet 7 of the gas liquid separator 2.
  • FIG.2 depicts a preferred embodiment of a gas liquid separator for use in the method according to the invention, wherein the separator comprises a substantially vertically oriented separating vessel 22 into which a multiphase well effluent mixture G+L is fed via a tangential inlet conduit 20 from a multiphase well effluent transportation conduit 23, which is connected to a subsea gas and/or crude oil production well 21.
  • the tangential inlet conduit 20 ensures bulk gas/liquid separation.
  • a liquid fraction L accumulates at the bottom of the vessel and is discharged into a liquid recycling conduit 25 in which a heat exchanger 26 is arranged in which the recycled liquid is cooled and which recycling conduit discharges recycled cold liquid L co i d into the multiphase well effluent transportation conduit 23, which recycled cold liquid L co id cools the entire multiphase well effluent stream, including the gaseous fraction, thereby generating a cooled multiphase well effluent stream (G+L) co ol ed that is discharged via an upper outlet 27 of the gas liquid separator 22.
  • G+L cooled multiphase well effluent stream
  • the cold recycled liquid L co i d is injected into the conduit 23 through a jet pump 28, which induces the multiphase well effluent stream G+L to suck the recycled cold liquid L co i d into the conduit 23, without requiring a recycling pump and such that the recycled cold liquid L co i d is intimately mixed with the multiphase well effluent stream G+L and effectively cools said stream.
  • An advantage of recycling cold liquid into the conduit 23 over arranging a seawater cooled heat exchanger in the conduit 23 itself is that the heat exchanger 6,26 in the liquid recycling conduit is a liquid-liquid heat exchanger, which may be about ten times smaller than a gas-liquid heat exchanger that would be required to cool the potentially predominantly gaseous well effluent stream G+L flowing through the well effluent transportation conduit 3,23.
  • An additional advantage is that the multiphase well effluent may contain solids that could risk significant erosion over time on the heat exchanger if it was arranged in conduit 23. This risk is substantially reduced as the velocity in the cooler 26 is fairly low and it can be arranged such that most of the solids directly leave the separator 20 through conduit 27 rather than be recycled into conduit 25.
  • the method according to the invention is suitable for cooling a multiphase well effluent stream in an efficient manner at a subsea location, with a compact liquid-liquid heat exchanger 6,26 and without requiring additional subsea pumping and/or flow regulating means .

Abstract

A method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream comprises : separating the multiphase well effluent stream (G+L) into gas enriched and liquid enriched fractions in a gas liquid separator (2, 22); cooling the liquid enriched fraction in a heat exchanger (6,26); reinjecting the cooled liquid enriched fraction into the well effluent stream (G+L) at a location upstream of the gas liquid separator (2, 22), thereby cooling the well effluent stream without requiring a gas-liquid heat exchanger to directly cool the multiphase well effluent stream, which may be ten times larger than the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (6, 26) for cooling the recycled liquid enriched fraction (Lcold).

Description

METHOD OF COOLING A MULTIPHASE WELL EFFLUENT STREAM
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream.
Such a method is known from OTC paper 17399 "Subsea Gas Compression - Challenges and Solutions" presented by R.Fantoft at the Offshore Technology Conference held in Houston, USA on 2-5 May 2005 and from International patent applications WO30/033870, WO03/035335 and WO 2005/026497. The method known from WO2005/026497 comprises: transferring the multiphase well . effluent mixture via a multiphase well effluent flowline to a gas liquid separator in which the multiphase well effluent mixture is separated into substantially gaseous and liquid fractions;
- transferring the substantially liquid fraction into a liquid flowline in which a liquid pump is arranged;
- transferring the substantially gaseous fraction into a gas flowline in which a gas compressor is arranged;
- protecting the gas compressor against surge by recirculating a recycled gas stream via a gas recycling conduit through the gas compressor in response to detection of the onset of surge at low inlet flowrate to the compressor.
It is desirable to cool the gas prior to compression for reasons of maximizing capacity for a given installed compression power. It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved method of cooling a multiphase well effluent mixture .
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the invention there is provided a method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream, the method comprising:
- separating the multiphase well effluent stream into gas enriched and liquid enriched fractions in a gas liquid separator;
- cooling the liquid enriched fraction in a heat exchanger;
- reinjecting the cooled liquid enriched fraction into the well effluent stream at a location upstream of the gas liquid separator.
The gas liquid separator and heat exchanger may be immersed in (sea)water and the heat exchanger may be cooled by the surrounding (sea)water.
The driving force for the liquid circulation may be provided by the static head between the liquid level in the separator and the injection point. Particular advantages of the method according to the invention are that any gas carry-under to the liquid stream or liquid carry-over to the gas stream are immaterial, hence no level control is needed. The system may therefore consist entirely of static equipment (i.e. requires no pump, no power, no instrumention and no controls) and is therefore extremely robust, solids tolerant and of low cost.
Optionally, the multiphase well effluent stream is transported from one or more gas and/or crude oil production wells to the gas liquid separator via a multiphase well effluent transportation conduit and the cooled liquid enriched fraction may be reinjected into the multiphase well effluent transportation conduit by means of a jet pump, where the multiphase effluent will be the motive fluid. This will cause a minor drop in pressure of the multiphase effluent.
The gas liquid separator may be a hybrid cyclonic and gravity separator comprising a substantially vertically orientated tubular separation vessel with a liquid outlet near the bottom of the vessel and a gas outlet near the top of the vessel and a substantially tangential multiphase fluid inlet which , is connected to the multiphase we'll effluent transportation conduit. V"
These and other features, embodiments and advantages of the method according to the invention are described in the accompanying claims, abstract and the following detailed description of preferred embodiments in which reference is made to the accompanying drawings .
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG.l depicts a schematic view of assembly for use in the method according to the invention; and
FIG.2 depicts a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the assembly of FIG.l.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
FIG.l depicts a subsea natural gas and/or crude oil production well 1 from which the produced multiphase well effluent stream G+L is transported to a gas liquid separator 2 via a multiphase well effluent transportation conduit 3, which may be located close to the sea bed 4.
The gas liquid separator 2 comprises a gravity type separation vessel in which a liquid fraction L accumulates at the bottom of the vessel and is discharged into a liquid recycling conduit 5 in which a heat exchanger 6 is arranged in which the recycled liquid is cooled and which recycling conduit discharges recycled cold liquid Lcoid into the multiphase well effluent transportation conduit 3, which recycled cold liquid Lcoid cools the entire multiphase well effluent stream, including the gaseous fraction, thereby generating a cooled multiphase well effluent stream G+LCOoied that is discharged via an upper outlet 7 of the gas liquid separator 2.
FIG.2 depicts a preferred embodiment of a gas liquid separator for use in the method according to the invention, wherein the separator comprises a substantially vertically oriented separating vessel 22 into which a multiphase well effluent mixture G+L is fed via a tangential inlet conduit 20 from a multiphase well effluent transportation conduit 23, which is connected to a subsea gas and/or crude oil production well 21. The tangential inlet conduit 20 ensures bulk gas/liquid separation.
In the separator vessel 22 a liquid fraction L accumulates at the bottom of the vessel and is discharged into a liquid recycling conduit 25 in which a heat exchanger 26 is arranged in which the recycled liquid is cooled and which recycling conduit discharges recycled cold liquid Lcoid into the multiphase well effluent transportation conduit 23, which recycled cold liquid Lcoid cools the entire multiphase well effluent stream, including the gaseous fraction, thereby generating a cooled multiphase well effluent stream (G+L) cooled that is discharged via an upper outlet 27 of the gas liquid separator 22.
The cold recycled liquid Lcoid is injected into the conduit 23 through a jet pump 28, which induces the multiphase well effluent stream G+L to suck the recycled cold liquid Lcoid into the conduit 23, without requiring a recycling pump and such that the recycled cold liquid Lcoid is intimately mixed with the multiphase well effluent stream G+L and effectively cools said stream.
An advantage of recycling cold liquid into the conduit 23 over arranging a seawater cooled heat exchanger in the conduit 23 itself is that the heat exchanger 6,26 in the liquid recycling conduit is a liquid-liquid heat exchanger, which may be about ten times smaller than a gas-liquid heat exchanger that would be required to cool the potentially predominantly gaseous well effluent stream G+L flowing through the well effluent transportation conduit 3,23. An additional advantage is that the multiphase well effluent may contain solids that could risk significant erosion over time on the heat exchanger if it was arranged in conduit 23. This risk is substantially reduced as the velocity in the cooler 26 is fairly low and it can be arranged such that most of the solids directly leave the separator 20 through conduit 27 rather than be recycled into conduit 25. It may be desired to cool the multiphase well effluent stream if the stream is separated and/or compressed at a location downstream of the heat exchanger 2,22. The flow capacity for given compression suction and discharge pressures will be higher if the temperature of the compressed gas is lower. Therefore the method according to the invention is suitable for cooling a multiphase well effluent stream in an efficient manner at a subsea location, with a compact liquid-liquid heat exchanger 6,26 and without requiring additional subsea pumping and/or flow regulating means .

Claims

CLAIHS :
1. A method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream, the method comprising:
- separating the multiphase well effluent stream into gas enriched and liquid enriched fractions in a gas liquid separator; - cooling the liquid enriched fraction in a heat exchanger;
- reinjecting the cooled liquid enriched fraction into the well effluent stream at a location upstream of the gas liquid separator.
2. The method of claim - 1, wherein the gas liquid separator and heat exchanger are immersed in water and the heat exchanger is cooled by the surrounding water.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the multiphase well effluent stream is transported from one or more gas and/or crude oil production wells to the gas liquid separator via a multiphase well effluent transportation conduit and the cooled liquid enriched fraction is reinjected into the multiphase well effluent transportation conduit by means of a jet pump .
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the gas liquid separator is a hybrid cyclonic and gravity separator comprising a substantially vertically orientated tubular separation vessel with a liquid outlet near the bottom of the vessel and a gas outlet near the top of the vessel and a substantially tangential multiphase fluid inlet which is connected to the multiphase well effluent transportation conduit.
PCT/NO2007/000247 2006-07-07 2007-07-02 Method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream WO2008004881A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/307,713 US20100006291A1 (en) 2006-07-07 2007-07-02 Method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream
GB0902045A GB2454126B (en) 2006-07-07 2007-07-02 Method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream
AU2007270185A AU2007270185B2 (en) 2006-07-07 2007-07-02 Method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20063165 2006-07-07
NO20063165A NO325979B1 (en) 2006-07-07 2006-07-07 System and method for dressing a multiphase source stream

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008004881A1 true WO2008004881A1 (en) 2008-01-10

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ID=38894777

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2007/000247 WO2008004881A1 (en) 2006-07-07 2007-07-02 Method of cooling a multiphase well effluent stream

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20100006291A1 (en)
AU (1) AU2007270185B2 (en)
GB (1) GB2454126B (en)
NO (1) NO325979B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2008004881A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2288786A2 (en) * 2008-04-21 2011-03-02 Statoil ASA Gas compression system

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NO330761B1 (en) * 2007-06-01 2011-07-04 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Underwater dressing unit and method for underwater dressing
US9127897B2 (en) * 2010-12-30 2015-09-08 Kellogg Brown & Root Llc Submersed heat exchanger
US9822932B2 (en) 2012-06-04 2017-11-21 Elwha Llc Chilled clathrate transportation system
US9303819B2 (en) 2012-06-04 2016-04-05 Elwha Llc Fluid recovery in chilled clathrate transportation systems
NO335391B1 (en) * 2012-06-14 2014-12-08 Aker Subsea As Use of well stream heat exchanger for flow protection
NO337623B1 (en) * 2013-03-26 2016-05-09 Fmc Kongsberg Subsea As Separation system that uses heat in compression
US20160130913A1 (en) * 2013-06-06 2016-05-12 Shell Oil Company Subsea production cooler
US10578128B2 (en) 2014-09-18 2020-03-03 General Electric Company Fluid processing system
US10801482B2 (en) 2014-12-08 2020-10-13 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Multiphase production boost method and system

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US3384169A (en) * 1966-05-17 1968-05-21 Mobil Oil Corp Underwater low temperature separation unit
US5398762A (en) * 1991-02-08 1995-03-21 Kvaerner Rosenberg A.S. Kvaerner Kvaerner Subsea Contracting Compressor system in a subsea station for transporting a well stream
NO974447L (en) * 1997-09-26 1999-03-29 Kvaerner Eng Procedure for the production of a well and plant for the production of a well
WO2005026497A1 (en) * 2003-09-12 2005-03-24 Kværner Oilfield Products A.S. Subsea compression system and method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2288786A2 (en) * 2008-04-21 2011-03-02 Statoil ASA Gas compression system
EP2288786B1 (en) * 2008-04-21 2023-08-02 Equinor Energy AS Gas compression system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0902045D0 (en) 2009-03-18
GB2454126B (en) 2011-04-20
US20100006291A1 (en) 2010-01-14
GB2454126A (en) 2009-04-29
AU2007270185B2 (en) 2010-12-02
NO20063165L (en) 2008-01-08
AU2007270185A1 (en) 2008-01-10
NO325979B1 (en) 2008-08-25

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