WO2008003304A1 - Method for controlling the combustion air supply in a steam generator that is fueled with fossil fuels - Google Patents
Method for controlling the combustion air supply in a steam generator that is fueled with fossil fuels Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008003304A1 WO2008003304A1 PCT/DE2007/001184 DE2007001184W WO2008003304A1 WO 2008003304 A1 WO2008003304 A1 WO 2008003304A1 DE 2007001184 W DE2007001184 W DE 2007001184W WO 2008003304 A1 WO2008003304 A1 WO 2008003304A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- air
- combustion
- air supply
- flue gas
- combustion zone
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
- F23N3/002—Regulating air supply or draught using electronic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
- F22B35/007—Control systems for waste heat boilers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
- F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
- F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
- F23C6/047—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure with fuel supply in stages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
- F23L9/04—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel by discharging the air beyond the fire, i.e. nearer the smoke outlet
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
- F23N5/006—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2201/00—Staged combustion
- F23C2201/10—Furnace staging
- F23C2201/101—Furnace staging in vertical direction, e.g. alternating lean and rich zones
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2237/00—Controlling
- F23N2237/16—Controlling secondary air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2241/00—Applications
- F23N2241/10—Generating vapour
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for controlling the supply of combustion air to a fossil fuel-fired steam generator, wherein the combustion air is gradually added in a plurality of flue gas flow direction in succession combustion zones and wherein the combustion air supply is also measured in dependence on the amount of fuel.
- Such a staged air supply is known, for example, in the firing of lignite-fired steam generators.
- first combustion zone of the boiler there are several in the first combustion zone of the boiler, which is the first combustion zone St ⁇ ubbrenner usually arranged one above the other.
- the afterburning of carbon monoxide is carried out by the addition of so-called burnout in a first and second Ausbrandebene above the burner assembly.
- both the oxygen content in the flue gas and the carbon monoxide in the flue gas are measured.
- the oxygen content in the flue gas is a measure of the amount of flue gas, the carbon monoxide content in the flue gas should not exceed certain limits.
- Control deposited air curve controlled, with the required air volume was based on the fire performance of the boiler shown on the air curve.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to improve a method of the type mentioned in terms of control stability.
- the method according to the invention is intended to enable a mode of operation of the steam generator with as constant a quantity of flue gas as possible.
- V ⁇ PA ⁇ APB_268_S07-003-0.doc
- the object underlying the invention is achieved by a method of the type mentioned above, which is characterized in that a control of the combustion air supply in dependence of the NOx and / or CO content in the flue gas takes place such that initially a variation of the air supply between the different combustion zones is made at about constant air flow.
- the invention can be summarized to the effect that according to the invention an inner control and an external control of NOx and / or CO are provided, which interlock so that initially in NOx / CO fluctuations / deviations a variation of the air supply between the individual combustion zones as far as possible constant amount of air is made.
- the total air requirement of the steam generator is also determined based on the required amount of fuel and the calorific value of the fuels.
- the variation of the air supply via at least three combustion zones connected in series in the flue gas flow direction takes place.
- the air supply of a combustion zone upstream in the flow direction of the flue gas is reduced and the air supply of the last combustion zone in the flue gas flow direction is correspondingly increased.
- V ⁇ PA ⁇ APB_268_S07-003-0.doc Starting from at least three combustion zones thus results in a kind K ⁇ sk ⁇ denregelung.
- the air supply of the first combustion zone in the first flue gas flow direction is preferably first increased and the air supply of the last combustion zone in the flue gas flow direction is correspondingly reduced.
- the air supply of the next upstream combustion zone can be increased. Conversely, if necessary, the air supply of the next upstream combustion zone can be reduced.
- the quantity of air supplied to each combustion zone is determined as a function of an air ratio ( ⁇ number) predetermined for each combustion zone.
- the air ratio of each combustion zone can be specified, for example, as a function of the fire power / load.
- Particularly preferred is a variant of the method in which for the last combustion zone by means of the air ratio of this combustion zone by means of a fuel-specific air requirement and the fuel mass flow of the total air demand of the furnace is determined.
- the oxygen content in the flue gas behind the furnace is calculated on the basis of the air ratio predetermined for the last combustion zone.
- the calculated oxygen content can be used as a setpoint for an external control of the total air volume.
- V ⁇ PA ⁇ APB_268_S07-003-0.doc This is particularly advantageous because the deposit of desired value curves for the oxygen content of the flue gas over different load states of the furnace is dispensable.
- the external control of the total amount of air is done by comparing a measured oxygen content behind the boiler with a calculated oxygen content, which, as will be explained below, results exclusively from the air ratio predefined for the last combustion zone.
- the fuel-specific air requirement is expediently determined by continuous fuel analysis.
- the invention further relates to a method for controlling a lignite-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein the fuel and at least a first partial flow of the combustion air are supplied in a burner level as a first Ausbrandebene a combustion chamber and at least one further partial flow of the combustion air as Ausbrandluft downstream in the flue gas flow direction is added in at least one downstream Ausbrandebene.
- Each of the burnout levels including the burner level form one
- Combustion zone wherein a variation of the air supply via at least three Ausbrandebenen including the burner level.
- the burner level forms the first Ausbrandebene of the boiler, where there are several dust burner mostly stacked.
- this area of the boiler is referred to as the burner level or first burn-out level, but strictly geometrically, it is not a level but the bottom of the fire rim of the boiler.
- control scheme of the present invention may apply to any firing of fossil fuels with staged air supply, and that the type of fuel burned for the process is generally not limitative. That's the way it is
- V ⁇ PA ⁇ APB_268_S07-003-0.doc
- FIG. 1 shows a graphic illustration of the effects of the control scheme on which the invention is based
- FIG. 1 a graphical representation of the steam generator supplied
- Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of an air control on a steam generator according to the invention.
- the method according to the invention is explained below using the example of a control of the combustion air supply of a lignite-fired steam generator, wherein the lignite is blown into the boiler via dust burners with the primary air supplied to the dust burners in the burner level and burned there. Furthermore, air is supplied to the combustion process via the secondary air allocation of the burners and via burnout air supplied downstream of the flue gas flow.
- coal quality often varies greatly. Some coals are rich in alkalis, alkalis are known to be slag formers.
- a stoichiometric mode of operation of the furnace is critical for compliance with the CO limit values and additionally promotes the formation of solid caking contaminants.
- V ⁇ PA ⁇ APB 268 S07-003-0.doc Determined Brennstoffm ⁇ ssenstrom and the Brennstoffqu ⁇ ltician used and on the other hand is controlled in dependence on the NOx and CO emissions of the steam generator. Initially, in an internal control, which is illustrated below, depending on the measured NOx / CO emissions, a variation of the air supply within the different burnout levels is made. The aim of this regulation is, within certain limits, to keep the total amount of air supplied to the steam generator as constant as possible for a given amount of fire.
- an air-fuel ratio curve is stored for each burn-out level (reference to the upper diagram in FIG. H. set the desired air ratio as a function of the fire power.
- the air requirement of the individual burn-out level is calculated from the air ratio based on the amount of fire produced.
- Figure 2 suggestively, is based on the air ratio of the last Ausbrandebene (air ratio ABL 2) and a fuel-specific
- a NOx regulator is provided behind the boiler, which reduces the secondary air at the burners when a predetermined NOx target value is exceeded and the reduced secondary air quantity of the burnout air 2 strikes.
- a predetermined CO target value is exceeded, the amount of burnout air from ABL 2 is gradually reduced in the direction of the burner, possibly while maintaining the NOx target value, wherein the reduced amount of air in ABL 2 is added to the secondary air flow of the burner.
- the required amount of air determined on the respective burn-out level is determined in each case as the total amount of air with deduction of the already supplied air quantity.
- the setpoint for the burnout air 1 results from the stored air ratio for the burnout air 1, wherein the amount of air already supplied up to this level (essentially the amount of burner air) is deducted from the calculated value.
- the calculated value is used as the setpoint for the external control of the total volume of air behind the boiler, the oxygen content being a measure of the total amount of flue gas emitted.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN200780025844.XA CN101490476B (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2007-07-05 | Method for controlling the combustion air supply in a steam generator that is fueled with fossil fuels |
EP07764429A EP2038583A1 (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2007-07-05 | Method for controlling the combustion air supply in a steam generator that is fueled with fossil fuels |
US12/308,976 US20090183660A1 (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2007-07-05 | Method for controlling the combustion air supply in a steam generator that is fueled with fossil fuels |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006031900.1 | 2006-07-07 | ||
DE102006031900A DE102006031900A1 (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2006-07-07 | Method for regulating the supply of combustion air to a steam generator fueled by fossil fuels |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2008003304A1 true WO2008003304A1 (en) | 2008-01-10 |
Family
ID=38657731
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2007/001184 WO2008003304A1 (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2007-07-05 | Method for controlling the combustion air supply in a steam generator that is fueled with fossil fuels |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090183660A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2038583A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101490476B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102006031900A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008003304A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103574580A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-02-12 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Thermal power generating unit NOx discharge monitoring method and system |
CN103574581A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-02-12 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Thermal power generating unit NOx combustion optimization method and system |
CN114791102A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Combustion optimization control method based on dynamic operation data analysis |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006022657B4 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2011-03-03 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | Method and arrangement for regulating the air volume of a combustion system operated with fossil, solid fuels |
EP2251596B1 (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2016-08-03 | IHI Corporation | Method and facility for feeding carbon dioxide to oxyfuel combustion boiler |
ES2425967T3 (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2013-10-18 | Ihi Corporation | Method and apparatus for controlling the flow of primary recirculating exhaust gas in the oxy-fuel boiler |
US9028245B2 (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2015-05-12 | Utc Fire & Security Corporation | Automated setup process for metered combustion control systems |
JP5451455B2 (en) * | 2010-03-01 | 2014-03-26 | 大陽日酸株式会社 | Burner burning method |
CN105378385B (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2017-07-21 | 三菱日立电力系统株式会社 | Burner |
CN105485714B (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2017-12-15 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of method, apparatus and automatic control system for determining boiler operatiopn oxygen amount |
CN105509035B (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2018-11-20 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of method, apparatus and automatic control system of determining opposed firing intake |
AT523384B1 (en) | 2020-02-20 | 2021-08-15 | Maggale Ing Anton | Method of burning fuel |
Citations (6)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US4622922A (en) * | 1984-06-11 | 1986-11-18 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Combustion control method |
US5020454A (en) * | 1990-10-31 | 1991-06-04 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Clustered concentric tangential firing system |
US5626085A (en) * | 1995-12-26 | 1997-05-06 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Control of staged combustion, low NOx firing systems with single or multiple levels of overfire air |
WO2000037853A1 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-06-29 | Alstom Power Inc. | Method of operating a tangential firing system |
US6164221A (en) * | 1998-06-18 | 2000-12-26 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Method for reducing unburned carbon in low NOx boilers |
WO2003083370A1 (en) * | 2002-04-03 | 2003-10-09 | Seghers Keppel Technology Group Nv | Method and device for controlling injection of primary and secondary air in an incineration system |
Family Cites Families (5)
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JPS5623615A (en) * | 1979-08-06 | 1981-03-06 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Burning method for low nox |
JPS59119106A (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1984-07-10 | Hitachi Ltd | Fuel injection method and apparatus for low nox pulverized coal burner |
US5280756A (en) * | 1992-02-04 | 1994-01-25 | Stone & Webster Engineering Corp. | NOx Emissions advisor and automation system |
US7401577B2 (en) * | 2003-03-19 | 2008-07-22 | American Air Liquide, Inc. | Real time optimization and control of oxygen enhanced boilers |
CN1548805A (en) * | 2003-05-15 | 2004-11-24 | 株式会社庆东Boiler | Air ratio control boiler |
-
2006
- 2006-07-07 DE DE102006031900A patent/DE102006031900A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-07-05 EP EP07764429A patent/EP2038583A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-07-05 CN CN200780025844.XA patent/CN101490476B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-07-05 US US12/308,976 patent/US20090183660A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-07-05 WO PCT/DE2007/001184 patent/WO2008003304A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4622922A (en) * | 1984-06-11 | 1986-11-18 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Combustion control method |
US5020454A (en) * | 1990-10-31 | 1991-06-04 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Clustered concentric tangential firing system |
US5626085A (en) * | 1995-12-26 | 1997-05-06 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Control of staged combustion, low NOx firing systems with single or multiple levels of overfire air |
US6164221A (en) * | 1998-06-18 | 2000-12-26 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Method for reducing unburned carbon in low NOx boilers |
WO2000037853A1 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2000-06-29 | Alstom Power Inc. | Method of operating a tangential firing system |
WO2003083370A1 (en) * | 2002-04-03 | 2003-10-09 | Seghers Keppel Technology Group Nv | Method and device for controlling injection of primary and secondary air in an incineration system |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103574580A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-02-12 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Thermal power generating unit NOx discharge monitoring method and system |
CN103574581A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-02-12 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Thermal power generating unit NOx combustion optimization method and system |
CN103574580B (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-07-01 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Thermal power generating unit NOx discharge monitoring method and system |
CN114791102A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-26 | 中国矿业大学 | Combustion optimization control method based on dynamic operation data analysis |
CN114791102B (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2023-09-22 | 中国矿业大学 | Combustion optimization control method based on dynamic operation data analysis |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20090183660A1 (en) | 2009-07-23 |
EP2038583A1 (en) | 2009-03-25 |
DE102006031900A1 (en) | 2008-01-10 |
CN101490476B (en) | 2014-05-28 |
CN101490476A (en) | 2009-07-22 |
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