WO2008003260A1 - Method and apparatus for connecting multiple multi-party calls - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for connecting multiple multi-party calls Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008003260A1
WO2008003260A1 PCT/CN2007/070191 CN2007070191W WO2008003260A1 WO 2008003260 A1 WO2008003260 A1 WO 2008003260A1 CN 2007070191 W CN2007070191 W CN 2007070191W WO 2008003260 A1 WO2008003260 A1 WO 2008003260A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
user
endpoint
association
call
media gateway
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/070191
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Jian Zhang
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2008003260A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008003260A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/4302Content synchronisation processes, e.g. decoder synchronisation
    • H04N21/4307Synchronising the rendering of multiple content streams or additional data on devices, e.g. synchronisation of audio on a mobile phone with the video output on the TV screen
    • H04N21/43072Synchronising the rendering of multiple content streams or additional data on devices, e.g. synchronisation of audio on a mobile phone with the video output on the TV screen of multiple content streams on the same device
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/42Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
    • H04M3/428Arrangements for placing incoming calls on hold
    • H04M3/4283Call holding circuits
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/02Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
    • G01S1/022Means for monitoring or calibrating
    • G01S1/026Means for monitoring or calibrating of associated receivers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0205Details
    • G01S5/021Calibration, monitoring or correction
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/06Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1626Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers with a single-body enclosure integrating a flat display, e.g. Personal Digital Assistants [PDAs]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1633Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626
    • G06F1/1637Details related to the display arrangement, including those related to the mounting of the display in the housing
    • G06F1/1639Details related to the display arrangement, including those related to the mounting of the display in the housing the display being based on projection
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/30Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals
    • G06F21/305Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals by remotely controlling device operation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60Protecting data
    • G06F21/62Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
    • G06F21/6209Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules to a single file or object, e.g. in a secure envelope, encrypted and accessed using a key, or with access control rules appended to the object itself
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/70Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer
    • G06F21/71Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information
    • G06F21/74Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information operating in dual or compartmented mode, i.e. at least one secure mode
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/70Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer
    • G06F21/88Detecting or preventing theft or loss
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0481Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] based on specific properties of the displayed interaction object or a metaphor-based environment, e.g. interaction with desktop elements like windows or icons, or assisted by a cursor's changing behaviour or appearance
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/36Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the display of a graphic pattern, e.g. using an all-points-addressable [APA] memory
    • G09G5/363Graphics controllers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/10009Improvement or modification of read or write signals
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/10009Improvement or modification of read or write signals
    • G11B20/10305Improvement or modification of read or write signals signal quality assessment
    • G11B20/10398Improvement or modification of read or write signals signal quality assessment jitter, timing deviations or phase and frequency errors
    • G11B20/10425Improvement or modification of read or write signals signal quality assessment jitter, timing deviations or phase and frequency errors by counting out-of-lock events of a PLL
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B27/00Editing; Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Monitoring; Measuring tape travel
    • G11B27/02Editing, e.g. varying the order of information signals recorded on, or reproduced from, record carriers
    • G11B27/031Electronic editing of digitised analogue information signals, e.g. audio or video signals
    • G11B27/034Electronic editing of digitised analogue information signals, e.g. audio or video signals on discs
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/14Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
    • H01L27/144Devices controlled by radiation
    • H01L27/146Imager structures
    • H01L27/14601Structural or functional details thereof
    • H01L27/14625Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03LAUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
    • H03L7/00Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
    • H03L7/06Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/08Details of the phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/085Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
    • H03L7/091Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal the phase or frequency detector using a sampling device
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2575Radio-over-fibre, e.g. radio frequency signal modulated onto an optical carrier
    • H04B10/25752Optical arrangements for wireless networks
    • H04B10/25753Distribution optical network, e.g. between a base station and a plurality of remote units
    • H04B10/25754Star network topology
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14Relay systems
    • H04B7/15Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/18578Satellite systems for providing broadband data service to individual earth stations
    • H04B7/18582Arrangements for data linking, i.e. for data framing, for error recovery, for multiple access
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/24Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
    • H04B7/26Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
    • H04B7/2628Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile using code-division multiple access [CDMA] or spread spectrum multiple access [SSMA]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/24Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
    • H04B7/26Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
    • H04B7/2662Arrangements for Wireless System Synchronisation
    • H04B7/2671Arrangements for Wireless Time-Division Multiple Access [TDMA] System Synchronisation
    • H04B7/2678Time synchronisation
    • H04B7/2687Inter base stations synchronisation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/0077Multicode, e.g. multiple codes assigned to one user
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/16Code allocation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02Details
    • H04J3/06Synchronising arrangements
    • H04J3/0635Clock or time synchronisation in a network
    • H04J3/0638Clock or time synchronisation among nodes; Internode synchronisation
    • H04J3/0652Synchronisation among time division multiple access [TDMA] nodes, e.g. time triggered protocol [TTP]
    • H04J3/0655Synchronisation among time division multiple access [TDMA] nodes, e.g. time triggered protocol [TTP] using timestamps
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0002Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0015Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the adaptation strategy
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0041Arrangements at the transmitter end
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0057Block codes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0059Convolutional codes
    • H04L1/006Trellis-coded modulation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0064Concatenated codes
    • H04L1/0066Parallel concatenated codes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0067Rate matching
    • H04L1/0068Rate matching by puncturing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0071Use of interleaving
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/1607Details of the supervisory signal
    • H04L1/1685Details of the supervisory signal the supervisory signal being transmitted in response to a specific request, e.g. to a polling signal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1829Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
    • H04L1/1835Buffer management
    • H04L1/1841Resequencing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1867Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
    • H04L1/187Details of sliding window management
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40Bus networks
    • H04L12/40052High-speed IEEE 1394 serial bus
    • H04L12/40117Interconnection of audio or video/imaging devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40Bus networks
    • H04L12/407Bus networks with decentralised control
    • H04L12/417Bus networks with decentralised control with deterministic access, e.g. token passing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4604LAN interconnection over a backbone network, e.g. Internet, Frame Relay
    • H04L12/462LAN interconnection over a bridge based backbone
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4641Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
    • H04L25/03012Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain
    • H04L25/03019Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain adaptive, i.e. capable of adjustment during data reception
    • H04L25/03038Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain adaptive, i.e. capable of adjustment during data reception with a non-recursive structure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
    • H04L25/03343Arrangements at the transmitter end
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03828Arrangements for spectral shaping; Arrangements for providing signals with specified spectral properties
    • H04L25/03866Arrangements for spectral shaping; Arrangements for providing signals with specified spectral properties using scrambling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/38Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
    • H04L25/40Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
    • H04L25/49Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
    • H04L25/4902Pulse width modulation; Pulse position modulation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/38Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
    • H04L25/40Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
    • H04L25/49Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
    • H04L25/4904Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems using self-synchronising codes, e.g. split-phase codes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/38Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
    • H04L25/40Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
    • H04L25/49Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
    • H04L25/497Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems by correlative coding, e.g. partial response coding or echo modulation coding transmitters and receivers for partial response systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/02Amplitude-modulated carrier systems, e.g. using on-off keying; Single sideband or vestigial sideband modulation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/10Frequency-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using frequency-shift keying
    • H04L27/14Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits
    • H04L27/156Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits with demodulation using temporal properties of the received signal, e.g. detecting pulse width
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/3405Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power
    • H04L27/3416Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power in which the information is carried by both the individual signal points and the subset to which the individual points belong, e.g. using coset coding, lattice coding, or related schemes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H04L41/5003Managing SLA; Interaction between SLA and QoS
    • H04L41/5009Determining service level performance parameters or violations of service level contracts, e.g. violations of agreed response time or mean time between failures [MTBF]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H04L41/508Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements based on type of value added network service under agreement
    • H04L41/5087Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements based on type of value added network service under agreement wherein the managed service relates to voice services
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/091Measuring contribution of individual network components to actual service level
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/50Testing arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02Topology update or discovery
    • H04L45/04Interdomain routing, e.g. hierarchical routing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/22Alternate routing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/24Multipath
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/11Identifying congestion
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/15Flow control; Congestion control in relation to multipoint traffic
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/19Flow control; Congestion control at layers above the network layer
    • H04L47/193Flow control; Congestion control at layers above the network layer at the transport layer, e.g. TCP related
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H04L47/2416Real-time traffic
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/27Evaluation or update of window size, e.g. using information derived from acknowledged [ACK] packets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/28Flow control; Congestion control in relation to timing considerations
    • H04L47/283Flow control; Congestion control in relation to timing considerations in response to processing delays, e.g. caused by jitter or round trip time [RTT]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/34Flow control; Congestion control ensuring sequence integrity, e.g. using sequence numbers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70Admission control; Resource allocation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/72Admission control; Resource allocation using reservation actions during connection setup
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/74Admission control; Resource allocation measures in reaction to resource unavailability
    • H04L47/745Reaction in network
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/76Admission control; Resource allocation using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation requested by the user or requested by the network in response to changing network conditions
    • H04L47/765Admission control; Resource allocation using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation requested by the user or requested by the network in response to changing network conditions triggered by the end-points
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/82Miscellaneous aspects
    • H04L47/822Collecting or measuring resource availability data
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/82Miscellaneous aspects
    • H04L47/824Applicable to portable or mobile terminals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L49/00Packet switching elements
    • H04L49/90Buffering arrangements
    • H04L49/9084Reactions to storage capacity overflow
    • H04L49/9089Reactions to storage capacity overflow replacing packets in a storage arrangement, e.g. pushout
    • H04L49/9094Arrangements for simultaneous transmit and receive, e.g. simultaneous reading/writing from/to the storage element
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L51/00User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
    • H04L51/48Message addressing, e.g. address format or anonymous messages, aliases
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L51/00User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
    • H04L51/58Message adaptation for wireless communication
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/09Mapping addresses
    • H04L61/25Mapping addresses of the same type
    • H04L61/2503Translation of Internet protocol [IP] addresses
    • H04L61/255Maintenance or indexing of mapping tables
    • H04L61/2553Binding renewal aspects, e.g. using keep-alive messages
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/102Gateways
    • H04L65/1043Gateway controllers, e.g. media gateway control protocol [MGCP] controllers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/1066Session management
    • H04L65/1101Session protocols
    • H04L65/1104Session initiation protocol [SIP]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/40Support for services or applications
    • H04L65/4061Push-to services, e.g. push-to-talk or push-to-video
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/61Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
    • H04L65/613Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for the control of the source by the destination
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/70Media network packetisation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/75Media network packet handling
    • H04L65/765Media network packet handling intermediate
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/10Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/1001Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for accessing one among a plurality of replicated servers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/10Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/1001Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for accessing one among a plurality of replicated servers
    • H04L67/1034Reaction to server failures by a load balancer
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/16Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/16Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
    • H04L69/161Implementation details of TCP/IP or UDP/IP stack architecture; Specification of modified or new header fields
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/16Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
    • H04L69/163In-band adaptation of TCP data exchange; In-band control procedures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/16Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
    • H04L69/166IP fragmentation; TCP segmentation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/18Multiprotocol handlers, e.g. single devices capable of handling multiple protocols
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/40Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass for recovering from a failure of a protocol instance or entity, e.g. service redundancy protocols, protocol state redundancy or protocol service redirection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/08Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
    • H04L9/0816Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
    • H04L9/085Secret sharing or secret splitting, e.g. threshold schemes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/30Public key, i.e. encryption algorithm being computationally infeasible to invert or user's encryption keys not requiring secrecy
    • H04L9/304Public key, i.e. encryption algorithm being computationally infeasible to invert or user's encryption keys not requiring secrecy based on error correction codes, e.g. McEliece
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/71Substation extension arrangements
    • H04M1/715Substation extension arrangements using two or more extensions per line
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/72Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
    • H04M1/724User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
    • H04M1/72403User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality
    • H04M1/72409User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality by interfacing with external accessories
    • H04M1/72415User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality by interfacing with external accessories for remote control of appliances
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/005Interface circuits for subscriber lines
    • H04M3/007Access interface units for simultaneous transmission of speech and data, e.g. digital subscriber line [DSL] access interface units
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/16Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges with lock-out or secrecy provision in party-line systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/42Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
    • H04M3/56Arrangements for connecting several subscribers to a common circuit, i.e. affording conference facilities
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M7/00Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
    • H04M7/0024Services and arrangements where telephone services are combined with data services
    • H04M7/0057Services where the data services network provides a telephone service in addition or as an alternative, e.g. for backup purposes, to the telephone service provided by the telephone services network
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M7/00Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
    • H04M7/12Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres for working between exchanges having different types of switching equipment, e.g. power-driven and step by step or decimal and non-decimal
    • H04M7/1205Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres for working between exchanges having different types of switching equipment, e.g. power-driven and step by step or decimal and non-decimal where the types of switching equipement comprises PSTN/ISDN equipment and switching equipment of networks other than PSTN/ISDN, e.g. Internet Protocol networks
    • H04M7/1295Details of dual tone multiple frequency signalling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/00912Arrangements for controlling a still picture apparatus or components thereof not otherwise provided for
    • H04N1/00957Compiling jobs, e.g. for batch processing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/024Details of scanning heads ; Means for illuminating the original
    • H04N1/028Details of scanning heads ; Means for illuminating the original for picture information pick-up
    • H04N1/03Details of scanning heads ; Means for illuminating the original for picture information pick-up with photodetectors arranged in a substantially linear array
    • H04N1/031Details of scanning heads ; Means for illuminating the original for picture information pick-up with photodetectors arranged in a substantially linear array the photodetectors having a one-to-one and optically positive correspondence with the scanned picture elements, e.g. linear contact sensors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/024Details of scanning heads ; Means for illuminating the original
    • H04N1/028Details of scanning heads ; Means for illuminating the original for picture information pick-up
    • H04N1/03Details of scanning heads ; Means for illuminating the original for picture information pick-up with photodetectors arranged in a substantially linear array
    • H04N1/031Details of scanning heads ; Means for illuminating the original for picture information pick-up with photodetectors arranged in a substantially linear array the photodetectors having a one-to-one and optically positive correspondence with the scanned picture elements, e.g. linear contact sensors
    • H04N1/0318Integral pick-up heads, i.e. self-contained heads whose basic elements are a light-source, a lens array and a photodetector array which are supported by a single-piece frame
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/04Scanning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for the displacement of active reading or reproducing elements relative to the original or reproducing medium, or vice versa
    • H04N1/19Scanning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for the displacement of active reading or reproducing elements relative to the original or reproducing medium, or vice versa using multi-element arrays
    • H04N1/191Scanning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for the displacement of active reading or reproducing elements relative to the original or reproducing medium, or vice versa using multi-element arrays the array comprising a one-dimensional array, or a combination of one-dimensional arrays, or a substantially one-dimensional array, e.g. an array of staggered elements
    • H04N1/192Simultaneously or substantially simultaneously scanning picture elements on one main scanning line
    • H04N1/193Simultaneously or substantially simultaneously scanning picture elements on one main scanning line using electrically scanned linear arrays, e.g. linear CCD arrays
    • H04N1/1934Combination of arrays
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/04Scanning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for the displacement of active reading or reproducing elements relative to the original or reproducing medium, or vice versa
    • H04N1/19Scanning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for the displacement of active reading or reproducing elements relative to the original or reproducing medium, or vice versa using multi-element arrays
    • H04N1/191Scanning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for the displacement of active reading or reproducing elements relative to the original or reproducing medium, or vice versa using multi-element arrays the array comprising a one-dimensional array, or a combination of one-dimensional arrays, or a substantially one-dimensional array, e.g. an array of staggered elements
    • H04N1/192Simultaneously or substantially simultaneously scanning picture elements on one main scanning line
    • H04N1/193Simultaneously or substantially simultaneously scanning picture elements on one main scanning line using electrically scanned linear arrays, e.g. linear CCD arrays
    • H04N1/1935Optical means for mapping the whole or part of a scanned line onto the array
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/32Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N1/32101Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N1/32106Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title separate from the image data, e.g. in a different computer file
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/40Picture signal circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/103Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
    • H04N19/109Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode among a plurality of temporal predictive coding modes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/115Selection of the code volume for a coding unit prior to coding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/136Incoming video signal characteristics or properties
    • H04N19/137Motion inside a coding unit, e.g. average field, frame or block difference
    • H04N19/139Analysis of motion vectors, e.g. their magnitude, direction, variance or reliability
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/146Data rate or code amount at the encoder output
    • H04N19/152Data rate or code amount at the encoder output by measuring the fullness of the transmission buffer
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/169Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/17Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
    • H04N19/174Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a slice, e.g. a line of blocks or a group of blocks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/189Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/19Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding using optimisation based on Lagrange multipliers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/189Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/192Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type being iterative or recursive
    • H04N19/194Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type being iterative or recursive involving only two passes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/503Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
    • H04N19/51Motion estimation or motion compensation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/503Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
    • H04N19/51Motion estimation or motion compensation
    • H04N19/513Processing of motion vectors
    • H04N19/517Processing of motion vectors by encoding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/503Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
    • H04N19/51Motion estimation or motion compensation
    • H04N19/527Global motion vector estimation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/60Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
    • H04N19/61Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding in combination with predictive coding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/60Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
    • H04N19/625Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding using discrete cosine transform [DCT]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/70Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/90Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals
    • H04N19/91Entropy coding, e.g. variable length coding [VLC] or arithmetic coding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/2343Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
    • H04N21/234318Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements by decomposing into objects, e.g. MPEG-4 objects
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/236Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream
    • H04N21/2368Multiplexing of audio and video streams
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/238Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
    • H04N21/2383Channel coding or modulation of digital bit-stream, e.g. QPSK modulation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/254Management at additional data server, e.g. shopping server, rights management server
    • H04N21/2543Billing, e.g. for subscription services
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/254Management at additional data server, e.g. shopping server, rights management server
    • H04N21/2543Billing, e.g. for subscription services
    • H04N21/2547Third Party Billing, e.g. billing of advertiser
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/41Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
    • H04N21/414Specialised client platforms, e.g. receiver in car or embedded in a mobile appliance
    • H04N21/41415Specialised client platforms, e.g. receiver in car or embedded in a mobile appliance involving a public display, viewable by several users in a public space outside their home, e.g. movie theatre, information kiosk
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/41Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
    • H04N21/414Specialised client platforms, e.g. receiver in car or embedded in a mobile appliance
    • H04N21/4143Specialised client platforms, e.g. receiver in car or embedded in a mobile appliance embedded in a Personal Computer [PC]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/41Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
    • H04N21/418External card to be used in combination with the client device, e.g. for conditional access
    • H04N21/4181External card to be used in combination with the client device, e.g. for conditional access for conditional access
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/41Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
    • H04N21/426Internal components of the client ; Characteristics thereof
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/41Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
    • H04N21/426Internal components of the client ; Characteristics thereof
    • H04N21/42653Internal components of the client ; Characteristics thereof for processing graphics
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/431Generation of visual interfaces for content selection or interaction; Content or additional data rendering
    • H04N21/4312Generation of visual interfaces for content selection or interaction; Content or additional data rendering involving specific graphical features, e.g. screen layout, special fonts or colors, blinking icons, highlights or animations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/431Generation of visual interfaces for content selection or interaction; Content or additional data rendering
    • H04N21/4312Generation of visual interfaces for content selection or interaction; Content or additional data rendering involving specific graphical features, e.g. screen layout, special fonts or colors, blinking icons, highlights or animations
    • H04N21/4314Generation of visual interfaces for content selection or interaction; Content or additional data rendering involving specific graphical features, e.g. screen layout, special fonts or colors, blinking icons, highlights or animations for fitting data in a restricted space on the screen, e.g. EPG data in a rectangular grid
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/431Generation of visual interfaces for content selection or interaction; Content or additional data rendering
    • H04N21/4318Generation of visual interfaces for content selection or interaction; Content or additional data rendering by altering the content in the rendering process, e.g. blanking, blurring or masking an image region
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/433Content storage operation, e.g. storage operation in response to a pause request, caching operations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/434Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
    • H04N21/4341Demultiplexing of audio and video streams
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/436Interfacing a local distribution network, e.g. communicating with another STB or one or more peripheral devices inside the home
    • H04N21/43622Interfacing an external recording device
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/436Interfacing a local distribution network, e.g. communicating with another STB or one or more peripheral devices inside the home
    • H04N21/4363Adapting the video stream to a specific local network, e.g. a Bluetooth® network
    • H04N21/43632Adapting the video stream to a specific local network, e.g. a Bluetooth® network involving a wired protocol, e.g. IEEE 1394
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/438Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving encoded video stream packets from an IP network
    • H04N21/4382Demodulation or channel decoding, e.g. QPSK demodulation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/44Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/44012Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving rendering scenes according to scene graphs, e.g. MPEG-4 scene graphs
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/44Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/4402Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for household redistribution, storage or real-time display
    • H04N21/440218Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for household redistribution, storage or real-time display by transcoding between formats or standards, e.g. from MPEG-2 to MPEG-4
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • H04N21/4508Management of client data or end-user data
    • H04N21/4532Management of client data or end-user data involving end-user characteristics, e.g. viewer profile, preferences
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • H04N21/458Scheduling content for creating a personalised stream, e.g. by combining a locally stored advertisement with an incoming stream; Updating operations, e.g. for OS modules ; time-related management operations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • H04N21/462Content or additional data management, e.g. creating a master electronic program guide from data received from the Internet and a Head-end, controlling the complexity of a video stream by scaling the resolution or bit-rate based on the client capabilities
    • H04N21/4621Controlling the complexity of the content stream or additional data, e.g. lowering the resolution or bit-rate of the video stream for a mobile client with a small screen
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • H04N21/462Content or additional data management, e.g. creating a master electronic program guide from data received from the Internet and a Head-end, controlling the complexity of a video stream by scaling the resolution or bit-rate based on the client capabilities
    • H04N21/4623Processing of entitlement messages, e.g. ECM [Entitlement Control Message] or EMM [Entitlement Management Message]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47End-user applications
    • H04N21/472End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content
    • H04N21/47211End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content for requesting pay-per-view content
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6156Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6175Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via Internet
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6156Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6187Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via a telephone network, e.g. POTS
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/65Transmission of management data between client and server
    • H04N21/658Transmission by the client directed to the server
    • H04N21/6582Data stored in the client, e.g. viewing habits, hardware capabilities, credit card number
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/81Monomedia components thereof
    • H04N21/812Monomedia components thereof involving advertisement data
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/83Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
    • H04N21/84Generation or processing of descriptive data, e.g. content descriptors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/85Assembly of content; Generation of multimedia applications
    • H04N21/854Content authoring
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/57Mechanical or electrical details of cameras or camera modules specially adapted for being embedded in other devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/68Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/68Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
    • H04N23/681Motion detection
    • H04N23/6811Motion detection based on the image signal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/68Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
    • H04N23/681Motion detection
    • H04N23/6812Motion detection based on additional sensors, e.g. acceleration sensors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/68Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
    • H04N23/682Vibration or motion blur correction
    • H04N23/683Vibration or motion blur correction performed by a processor, e.g. controlling the readout of an image memory
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/68Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
    • H04N23/682Vibration or motion blur correction
    • H04N23/684Vibration or motion blur correction performed by controlling the image sensor readout, e.g. by controlling the integration time
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/68Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
    • H04N23/682Vibration or motion blur correction
    • H04N23/684Vibration or motion blur correction performed by controlling the image sensor readout, e.g. by controlling the integration time
    • H04N23/6845Vibration or motion blur correction performed by controlling the image sensor readout, e.g. by controlling the integration time by combination of a plurality of images sequentially taken
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/222Studio circuitry; Studio devices; Studio equipment
    • H04N5/262Studio circuits, e.g. for mixing, switching-over, change of character of image, other special effects ; Cameras specially adapted for the electronic generation of special effects
    • H04N5/272Means for inserting a foreground image in a background image, i.e. inlay, outlay
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/44Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H04N5/4448Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards for frame-grabbing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/44Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H04N5/46Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards for receiving on more than one standard at will
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/64Constructional details of receivers, e.g. cabinets or dust covers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/64Constructional details of receivers, e.g. cabinets or dust covers
    • H04N5/642Disposition of sound reproducers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76Television signal recording
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/01Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level
    • H04N7/0112Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level one of the standards corresponding to a cinematograph film standard
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/16Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/162Authorising the user terminal, e.g. by paying; Registering the use of a subscription channel, e.g. billing
    • H04N7/163Authorising the user terminal, e.g. by paying; Registering the use of a subscription channel, e.g. billing by receiver means only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/16Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
    • H04N7/17309Transmission or handling of upstream communications
    • H04N7/17327Transmission or handling of upstream communications with deferred transmission or handling of upstream communications
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3129Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM] scanning a light beam on the display screen
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/64Circuits for processing colour signals
    • H04N9/641Multi-purpose receivers, e.g. for auxiliary information
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/64Circuits for processing colour signals
    • H04N9/642Multi-standard receivers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/79Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording
    • H04N9/7921Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording for more than one processing mode
    • H04N9/7925Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording for more than one processing mode for more than one standard
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q3/00Selecting arrangements
    • H04Q3/0016Arrangements providing connection between exchanges
    • H04Q3/0025Provisions for signalling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q3/00Selecting arrangements
    • H04Q3/58Arrangements providing connection between main exchange and sub-exchange or satellite
    • H04Q3/60Arrangements providing connection between main exchange and sub-exchange or satellite for connecting to satellites or concentrators which connect one or more exchange lines with a group of local lines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/028Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein associated with devices performing functions other than acoustics, e.g. electric candles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04SSTEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S7/00Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
    • H04S7/30Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field
    • H04S7/301Automatic calibration of stereophonic sound system, e.g. with test microphone
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/02Buffering or recovering information during reselection ; Modification of the traffic flow during hand-off
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/12Messaging; Mailboxes; Announcements
    • H04W4/14Short messaging services, e.g. short message services [SMS] or unstructured supplementary service data [USSD]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0225Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04TPC
    • H04W52/30TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00Synchronisation arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W68/00User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002Transmission of channel access control information
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H04W74/0816Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00Connection management
    • H04W76/10Connection setup
    • H04W76/12Setup of transport tunnels
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00Connection management
    • H04W76/30Connection release
    • H04W76/34Selective release of ongoing connections
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00Network data management
    • H04W8/26Network addressing or numbering for mobility support
    • H04W8/265Network addressing or numbering for mobility support for initial activation of new user
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00Network topologies
    • H04W84/02Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/08Trunked mobile radio systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/02Inter-networking arrangements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2221/00Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/21Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/2105Dual mode as a secondary aspect
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2221/00Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/21Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/2115Third party
    • GPHYSICS
    • G11INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11BINFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/22Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor for reducing distortions
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/707Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02Details
    • H04J3/06Synchronising arrangements
    • H04J3/0635Clock or time synchronisation in a network
    • H04J3/0638Clock or time synchronisation among nodes; Internode synchronisation
    • H04J3/0658Clock or time synchronisation among packet nodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L2001/0098Unequal error protection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40Bus networks
    • H04L2012/40208Bus networks characterized by the use of a particular bus standard
    • H04L2012/40215Controller Area Network CAN
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40Bus networks
    • H04L2012/40267Bus for use in transportation systems
    • H04L2012/40273Bus for use in transportation systems the transportation system being a vehicle
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0823Errors, e.g. transmission errors
    • H04L43/0829Packet loss
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L51/00User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
    • H04L51/04Real-time or near real-time messaging, e.g. instant messaging [IM]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/1016IP multimedia subsystem [IMS]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/1066Session management
    • H04L65/1083In-session procedures
    • H04L65/1093In-session procedures by adding participants; by removing participants
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/14Multichannel or multilink protocols
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/72Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
    • H04M1/724User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M11/00Telephonic communication systems specially adapted for combination with other electrical systems
    • H04M11/06Simultaneous speech and data transmission, e.g. telegraphic transmission over the same conductors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M2203/00Aspects of automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M2203/20Aspects of automatic or semi-automatic exchanges related to features of supplementary services
    • H04M2203/2088Call or conference reconnect, e.g. resulting from isdn terminal portability
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M2203/00Aspects of automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M2203/50Aspects of automatic or semi-automatic exchanges related to audio conference
    • H04M2203/5054Meet-me conference, i.e. participants dial-in
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04MTELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/42Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
    • H04M3/42221Conversation recording systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/0077Types of the still picture apparatus
    • H04N2201/0094Multifunctional device, i.e. a device capable of all of reading, reproducing, copying, facsimile transception, file transception
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/024Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted
    • H04N2201/02493Additional optical elements not otherwise provided for, e.g. filters, polarising plates, masks or apertures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/024Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted
    • H04N2201/028Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted for picture information pick-up
    • H04N2201/03Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted for picture information pick-up deleted
    • H04N2201/031Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted for picture information pick-up deleted deleted
    • H04N2201/03104Integral pick-up heads, i.e. self-contained heads whose basic elements are a light source, a lens and a photodetector supported by a single-piece frame
    • H04N2201/03108Components of integral heads
    • H04N2201/03112Light source
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/024Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted
    • H04N2201/028Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted for picture information pick-up
    • H04N2201/03Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted for picture information pick-up deleted
    • H04N2201/031Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted for picture information pick-up deleted deleted
    • H04N2201/03104Integral pick-up heads, i.e. self-contained heads whose basic elements are a light source, a lens and a photodetector supported by a single-piece frame
    • H04N2201/03108Components of integral heads
    • H04N2201/03133Window, i.e. a transparent member mounted in the frame
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/024Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted
    • H04N2201/028Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted for picture information pick-up
    • H04N2201/03Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted for picture information pick-up deleted
    • H04N2201/031Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted for picture information pick-up deleted deleted
    • H04N2201/03104Integral pick-up heads, i.e. self-contained heads whose basic elements are a light source, a lens and a photodetector supported by a single-piece frame
    • H04N2201/03108Components of integral heads
    • H04N2201/03141Photodetector lens
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/024Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted
    • H04N2201/028Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted for picture information pick-up
    • H04N2201/03Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted for picture information pick-up deleted
    • H04N2201/031Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted for picture information pick-up deleted deleted
    • H04N2201/03104Integral pick-up heads, i.e. self-contained heads whose basic elements are a light source, a lens and a photodetector supported by a single-piece frame
    • H04N2201/03108Components of integral heads
    • H04N2201/03145Photodetector
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/024Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted
    • H04N2201/028Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted for picture information pick-up
    • H04N2201/03Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted for picture information pick-up deleted
    • H04N2201/031Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted for picture information pick-up deleted deleted
    • H04N2201/03104Integral pick-up heads, i.e. self-contained heads whose basic elements are a light source, a lens and a photodetector supported by a single-piece frame
    • H04N2201/0315Details of integral heads not otherwise provided for
    • H04N2201/03187Additional optical element
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3212Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to a job, e.g. communication, capture or filing of an image
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3212Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to a job, e.g. communication, capture or filing of an image
    • H04N2201/3222Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to a job, e.g. communication, capture or filing of an image of processing required or performed, e.g. forwarding, urgent or confidential handling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3274Storage or retrieval of prestored additional information
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/04Synchronising
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/04Synchronising
    • H04N5/06Generation of synchronising signals
    • H04N5/067Arrangements or circuits at the transmitter end
    • H04N5/073Arrangements or circuits at the transmitter end for mutually locking plural sources of synchronising signals, e.g. studios or relay stations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/04Synchronising
    • H04N5/12Devices in which the synchronising signals are only operative if a phase difference occurs between synchronising and synchronised scanning devices, e.g. flywheel synchronising
    • H04N5/126Devices in which the synchronising signals are only operative if a phase difference occurs between synchronising and synchronised scanning devices, e.g. flywheel synchronising whereby the synchronisation signal indirectly commands a frequency generator
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/38Transmitter circuitry for the transmission of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/44Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H04N5/445Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards for displaying additional information
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/44Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H04N5/445Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards for displaying additional information
    • H04N5/45Picture in picture, e.g. displaying simultaneously another television channel in a region of the screen
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/66Transforming electric information into light information
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76Television signal recording
    • H04N5/765Interface circuits between an apparatus for recording and another apparatus
    • H04N5/775Interface circuits between an apparatus for recording and another apparatus between a recording apparatus and a television receiver
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76Television signal recording
    • H04N5/84Television signal recording using optical recording
    • H04N5/85Television signal recording using optical recording on discs or drums
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76Television signal recording
    • H04N5/907Television signal recording using static stores, e.g. storage tubes or semiconductor memories
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/01Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level
    • H04N7/0117Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level involving conversion of the spatial resolution of the incoming video signal
    • H04N7/0122Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level involving conversion of the spatial resolution of the incoming video signal the input and the output signals having different aspect ratios
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/79Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording
    • H04N9/80Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback
    • H04N9/804Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback involving pulse code modulation of the colour picture signal components
    • H04N9/8042Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback involving pulse code modulation of the colour picture signal components involving data reduction
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/1302Relay switches
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13039Asymmetrical two-way transmission, e.g. ADSL, HDSL
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/1304Coordinate switches, crossbar, 4/2 with relays, coupling field
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13076Distributing frame, MDF, cross-connect switch
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13095PIN / Access code, authentication
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13109Initializing, personal profile
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13298Local loop systems, access network
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q2213/00Indexing scheme relating to selecting arrangements in general and for multiplex systems
    • H04Q2213/13349Network management
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/18Negotiating wireless communication parameters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/26Resource reservation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/06Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
    • H04W4/10Push-to-Talk [PTT] or Push-On-Call services
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/12Messaging; Mailboxes; Announcements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00Communication routing or communication path finding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0225Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
    • H04W52/0248Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal dependent on the time of the day, e.g. according to expected transmission activity
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0261Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level
    • H04W52/0274Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level by switching on or off the equipment or parts thereof
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/12Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1263Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows
    • H04W72/1268Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows of uplink data flows
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/20Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/50Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/52Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on load
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00Connection management
    • H04W76/10Connection setup
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00Connection management
    • H04W76/10Connection setup
    • H04W76/18Management of setup rejection or failure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00Connection management
    • H04W76/30Connection release
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00Connection management
    • H04W76/40Connection management for selective distribution or broadcast
    • H04W76/45Connection management for selective distribution or broadcast for Push-to-Talk [PTT] or Push-to-Talk over cellular [PoC] services
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00Network data management
    • H04W8/22Processing or transfer of terminal data, e.g. status or physical capabilities
    • H04W8/24Transfer of terminal data
    • H04W8/245Transfer of terminal data from a network towards a terminal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00Network data management
    • H04W8/26Network addressing or numbering for mobility support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W80/00Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00Network topologies
    • H04W84/02Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/042Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00Network topologies
    • H04W84/02Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02Terminal devices
    • H04W88/06Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08Access point devices
    • H04W88/085Access point devices with remote components
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/16Gateway arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/04Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices
    • H04W92/12Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices between access points and access point controllers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S370/00Multiplex communications
    • Y10S370/901Wide area network
    • Y10S370/902Packet switching
    • Y10S370/903Osi compliant network
    • Y10S370/906Fiber data distribution interface, FDDI
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S370/00Multiplex communications
    • Y10S370/901Wide area network
    • Y10S370/902Packet switching
    • Y10S370/903Osi compliant network
    • Y10S370/907Synchronous optical network, SONET

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a plurality of multi-party call connection methods and apparatus.
  • MPTY (Multi Party, Conference) service provides a multi-party connection call capability for a user (party).
  • the mobile softswitch architecture which has separate services, separate call control, separate call control and bearer connections, and an open interface, facilitates third-party network architectures that provide services such as service, intelligence, personalization, and mobility.
  • a media gateway controller can control a large number of media gateways, which are typically distributed to different locations to cover a larger area.
  • FIG. 1 shows a conference model in a typical gateway according to the first implementation method of the related art
  • FIG. 2 shows a conference model in a typical gateway according to the implementation method 2 of the related art.
  • each user's corresponding endpoint on the media gateway is Ta, Tb, Tc.
  • three endpoints need to be centralized to the associated CTXa, and the media gateway mixes to implement the conference function.
  • the corresponding endpoints of the user on the media gateway are Ta, Tb, Tc, and each user endpoint corresponds to an independent association, namely CTXa, CTXb, CTXc.
  • each user endpoint corresponds to an independent association, namely CTXa, CTXb, CTXc.
  • the conferencing function between the two needs to add endpoints TA1, TBI, TCI in each user association, and establish a conference association CTXmpty, and associate CTXmpty in the conference.
  • the method of connecting multiple conferences together can be: Combine users in several conferences in the same media gateway, and move users in other conferences to the same conference.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are directed to providing a plurality of multi-party call connection methods and apparatuses, and solving the above problem of connecting a plurality of multi-party calls.
  • a method for connecting multiple parties is provided, and the following steps are performed by connecting multiple conferences:
  • An endpoint is established in the association of the two multiparty calls, and the endpoints are connected to connect the two multiparty calls.
  • a plurality of multi-party call connection devices are provided to connect a plurality of conferences, and the device includes:
  • a remote user separation module configured to temporarily leave a user in an ongoing multiparty call, wherein the user is a remote user in the multiparty call, and resides on the user equipment;
  • a conference initiation module configured to enable the user to initiate a new multiparty call
  • connection module configured to establish an endpoint in the association of the two multiparty calls, and connect the endpoint Then, the two multiparty calls are connected.
  • a method for connecting multiple parties includes the following steps:
  • a plurality of multi-party call connection devices are provided to connect a plurality of conferences, and the device includes:
  • a remote user separation module configured to temporarily leave the first user to participate in an ongoing first multiparty call, wherein the first user is a master user in the first conference, Residing on the user device;
  • a call initiation module configured to enable the first user to dial a second user to establish a new call, where the second user is an existing master user of the second multiparty call already existing, Stay on the user device;
  • connection module configured to join the first user to the second multiparty call, and enable the second user to join the first multiparty call, thereby using the first multiparty call
  • the second multiparty calls are connected.
  • the embodiment of the present invention extends the conference process, and implements a bearer model and implementation process of multiple multi-party call connections based on the mobile softswitch architecture, so that the following technical effects are achieved in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the remote user establishes a new multi-party call in the multi-party call, thereby cascading several multi-party calls;
  • the embodiment of the present invention can be easily extended to the connection of a plurality of multi-party calls distributed among a plurality of media gateways, thereby achieving a wider range of two-way communication between users.
  • FIG. 1 shows a conference model in a typical gateway according to the first implementation method of the related art
  • FIG. 2 shows a conference model in a typical gateway according to the implementation method 2 of the related art
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a multiple conference connection method according to the scheme 1 of the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a bearer model of an embodiment of a solution 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 shows the establishment of scheme 1 by users A, B, C according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 shows a remote user C according to the embodiment 1
  • Figure 8 shows a remote user C according to the embodiment 1
  • Figure 9 shows a user C of scheme 1 according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 10 shows a signaling flow diagram of scheme 1 according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 11 shows a multiple conference connection method according to scheme 2 of an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 shows a multi-meeting connection device according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a bearer model of an embodiment of a scheme 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 14 shows the control users A, D according to the embodiment 2
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a bearer model of a calling user A after a master user D call is held according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG 16 shows a master user D of a scheme 2 according to an embodiment.
  • Figure 18 shows a signaling flow diagram of Scheme 2 in accordance with an embodiment.
  • Embodiments of the present invention can be extended in H. 248 and 3GPP
  • a new network connection model and build process for multiple multi-party call connections is constructed. Thereby, several multi-party calls distributed in the same gateway or multiple gateways are connected to realize a multi-party call service in a wider range.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide two solutions for connecting multiple multiparty calls. One is that a remote user in a multiparty call initiates a new multiparty call to connect multiple multiparty calls; the second is to connect two established multiparty calls.
  • the multi-party conversations here can also be called conferences.
  • FIG. 3 shows a multiple conference connection method according to the scheme 1 of the embodiment of the present invention
  • a multi-meeting connection device 400 according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown.
  • the multi-conference connection method is to establish a new conference by a remote user in the conference, thereby connecting multiple conferences, which includes the following steps:
  • the user causing the user to temporarily leave the ongoing conference in which the user participates, wherein the user is a remote user in the ongoing conference, and the user equipment (including the mobile terminal, the phone) that the user resides in the softswitch network On the machine, etc., optionally, the user temporarily leaves the ongoing conference by the call hold operation, where the call is held (Call Hold)
  • the operation allows the user to interrupt the established voice call and can resume the call when needed later During the interruption of the call, the network will retain the traffic channel allocated by the original call; it will leave temporarily in the description of the following embodiment.
  • the user causing the user to initiate a new conference, at which time the user becomes the master user of the new conference (ie, the served user, the master);
  • Step S306 the user is connected to the two conferences.
  • FIG. 4 shows a multi-meeting connection device 400 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the multi-conference connection apparatus 400 includes:
  • a conference initiation module 420 configured to enable a user to initiate a new setup
  • connection module 430 is used to enable the user to connect the two conferences.
  • Figure 5 is a diagram showing a bearer model according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
  • Figures 6 to 9 respectively show a bearer model diagram in each step according to the embodiment; and
  • Figure 10
  • the model of this embodiment is described as being at a media gateway (Media Gateway).
  • MGW MGW
  • MPTY1 MPTY1
  • MPTY2 MPTY2
  • CTXmptyl and CTXmpty2 where user C is the remote user in conference MPTY1, and user C is the master user to initiate the establishment of a new conference MPTY2, by user C.
  • the selection operation connects the two conferences in the network model by the endpoint TC1 in CTXmptyl and
  • bearer and construction equipment of the core network responsible for the specific bearer, media construction, release, and management of the bearer resources.
  • the three parties participate in the conference MPTY1, during the call, one of the remote users C Perform a call hold operation, leave the conference MPTY1, and initiate the establishment of a new conference MPTY2
  • Conference MPTY2 is established after user C
  • user C can choose to operate conference MPTY1 and conference MPTY2.
  • the two interconnected conferences described in the foregoing network model are located in the same media gateway, and the foregoing network model can be extended to multiple media gateways, that is, the association of each conference can be located on different media gateways respectively, through association.
  • the endpoints in the connection connect the associations on different media gateways to achieve the connection of the conference
  • Figure 6 shows the establishment by user A, B, C according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 shows a bearer model diagram in which the remote subscriber C initiates a call hold operation according to the embodiment;
  • FIG. 8 shows that the remote subscriber C initiates a new setup according to the embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 shows a bearer model diagram in which the user C operation connects the two conferences according to the embodiment.
  • Step S1002 the master user initiates the establishment of users A, B, C
  • the conference establishment process bearer model is shown in Figure 6.
  • the MSC Server Mobile Switch Center Server
  • the MSC Server delivers a MOV. Request message to the media gateway, requests the media gateway to create a conference association, and requests the endpoint of the master user that has successfully established TA.
  • the media gateway assigns an association to the conference (the index of the association is CTXmptyl ) and will end point TA
  • the media gateway returns the assigned association index and the result of the operation to the MSC Server.
  • the MSC Server then sends two MOV. Request messages to the media gateway.
  • the media gateway adds the successful end users TB and TC of the remote user B and C to the associated CTXmptyl of the conference according to the two MOV. Request messages sent by the MSC Server. , thereby establishing a conference between the three parties A, B, and C;
  • the process bearer model is shown in Figure 7.
  • the MSC Server sends a MOV. Request to the media gateway.
  • the message requesting the media gateway to create a new association, and requesting that the endpoint TC of the remote user C be moved into the association.
  • the media gateway assigns an association to the operation (the index of the association is CTX) and the endpoint TC
  • the media gateway returns the assigned association index and the result of the operation to the MSC Server.
  • Step S1006 The remote user C initiates the establishment of a new conference. At this time, user C
  • the model of the conference establishment process is shown in Figure 8.
  • the MSC Server sends a MOV. Request to the media gateway.
  • the media gateway assigns an association to the new conference (the index of the association is CTXmpty2), and adds the endpoint TC to the association CTXmpty2
  • the associated index and the result of the operation are returned to the MSC Server. Subsequently MSC
  • the server sends a MOV. Request message to the media gateway, and the media gateway establishes a successful remote user D endpoint TD according to the MOV. Request message sent by the MSC Server.
  • Step S1008 the main control user C initiates a conference connection operation, such as initiating SPLIT MPTY
  • the media gateway assigns an endpoint index TC1 to the operation and allocates the corresponding resource to the endpoint TC1. Then, the media gateway returns the assigned endpoint index and the result of the operation to the MSC Server. Then, the MSC Server sends an ADD. Request to the media gateway.
  • the media gateway After receiving the ADD. Request message, the media gateway allocates an endpoint index TC2 for the operation, allocates a corresponding resource to the endpoint TC2, and associates the endpoint TC2 with the endpoint TC1.
  • the media gateway then returns the assigned endpoint index and the results of the operation to the MSC Server.
  • the association between the two conferences is connected through TCI and TC2, and the users A in the two conferences.
  • the user in the conference can complete the connection of more conferences according to the above process.
  • FIG. 11 shows a multi-conference connection method according to scheme 2 of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • a multi-conference connection device 1200 according to aspect 2 of an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
  • the multi-conference connection method is to connect multiple conferences by connecting two already established conferences, which includes the following steps:
  • Step S1102 causing user a to leave the ongoing conference a in which he participates, where user a is the master user in conference a, user a
  • Residing on a user equipment in the softswitch network optionally, user a
  • Step S1104 causing user a to dial user b to establish a new call, where user b
  • Step S1106 the user a and the user b respectively add the other party to the conference a and the conference b where they are located, thereby connecting the two conferences.
  • FIG. 12 shows a multi-meeting connection device 1200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the multi-meeting connection apparatus 1200 includes: [92] a remote user separation module 1210 for enabling a remote user a
  • user a resides on the user equipment in the softswitch network
  • the call initiation module 1220 is configured to enable the user a to dial the user b to establish a new call, where the user b is the master user in the conference b, the user b
  • connection module 1230 is configured to enable the user a and the user b to respectively add the other party to the conference a and the conference b where they are located, thereby connecting the two conferences.
  • FIG. 13 shows a bearer model diagram according to an embodiment of the scheme 2 of the present invention
  • FIGS. 14 to 17 respectively show bearer model diagrams in respective steps according to the embodiment
  • the model of this embodiment is described as having conferences MPTY1 and MPTY2 initiated by respective master user A and master user D on the media gateway.
  • User A of MPTY1 joins user D to conference MPTY1
  • user A of MPTY2 adds user A to conference MPTY2, through endpoints TG and TH.
  • the two interconnected conferences described in the foregoing network model are located in the same media gateway, and the foregoing network model may be extended to multiple media gateways, that is, each conference association may be located on different media gateways to pass The endpoints in the association connect the associations to achieve the connection to the conference.
  • Figure 14 shows the master users A, D according to this embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a bearer model of the caller A after the call of the master user D is held according to the embodiment
  • FIG. 16 shows the master user according to the embodiment.
  • Step S1802 the master user A initiates the establishment of users A, B, C
  • the media gateway assigns an association to the conference (the index of the association is CTXmptyl ) and the endpoint TA
  • the media gateway returns the assigned association index and the result of the operation to the MSC Server.
  • the MSC Server then sends two MOV. Request messages to the media gateway.
  • the media gateway adds the successful endpoints TB and TC of the remote user B and C to the associated CTXmptyl of the conference according to the MOV. Request message sent by the MSC Server.
  • the process bearer model for establishing a new call is shown in Figure 15.
  • the MSC Server sends a MOV. Request to the media gateway.
  • the message requests the media gateway to create a new association and requests the media gateway to move the endpoint TD of the master user D into the association.
  • the media gateway assigns an association to the operation (the associated index is CTX ) and the endpoint TD
  • the media gateway returns the assigned association index and the result of the operation to the MSC Server.
  • the master user D leaves the originally established conference and dials the master user A in the conference MPTY1.
  • the master user A selects the call to the master user D, and the MSC server delivers the call to the media gateway.
  • the MOV. Request message asks the media gateway to move the endpoint TA in the conference association CTXmptyl to the associated CTX and asks the media gateway to user D, A
  • the media gateway is based on the received MOV. Request
  • the operation result is returned to the MSC Server.
  • Step S1806 the master user D selects the user A to join the conference MPTY2 where the user D is located, and establish a conference service between D, E, F, and A.
  • the bearer model for this process is shown in Figure 16.
  • the MSC Server sends a MOV. Request message to the media gateway, and the media gateway moves the endpoint TD of the controlling user D and the endpoint TA of the user A to the associated CTXmpty2 where the conference MPTY2 is located, and establishes a relationship between D, E, F, and A. meeting.
  • Media gateway will TD, TA
  • the endpoint returns to the specified association CTXmpty2 and returns the operation result to the MSC Server;
  • Step S1808 the master user A of the conference MPTY1 chooses to add user D to the user A.
  • the MOV. Request message is sent to the media gateway, and the media gateway moves the endpoint TA of the master user A to the associated CTXmptyl where the conference MPTY1 is located, and sends the message to the MSC Server.
  • the media gateway allocates an endpoint index TH for the operation, allocates the corresponding resource to the endpoint TH, and associates the endpoint TH with the endpoint TG.
  • the Media Gateway then returns the assigned endpoint index and the results of the operation to the MSC Server.
  • the association between the two conferences is connected by TG and TH, and the users A, B, C, D, E, and F in the two conferences can talk to each other.
  • the user in the conference can complete the connection of more established conferences according to the above process.
  • the embodiment of the present invention defines a network connection model and a setup process for a new conference connection on the basis of extending the protocol of the related art.
  • the implementation of the solution includes connecting multiple conferences within the same media gateway; if the conference is distributed among multiple media gateways, the conference can also be used to connect these conferences.
  • the remote user Through the cooperation of the mobile softswitch and the media gateway, the remote user establishes a new conference in the conference, thereby cascading several conferences.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can be easily extended to the connection of a plurality of conferences distributed among a plurality of media gateways, thereby achieving a wider range of two-way communication between users.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is in 3GPP
  • the conference implementation process is extended. Under the mobile softswitch architecture, the bearer model and implementation process of multiple conference connections are implemented.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Computer Graphics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Bioethics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Discrete Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Marketing (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

A method and apparatus for connecting multiple multi-party calls is disclosed. The method comprises the following steps: making a user temporarily leave an on- going multi-party call which the user is attending, wherein the user is a remote user hosting on a user equipment in a soft switching network among the multi-party call; making the user initiate to establish a new multi-part call; and connecting the multi-party call with the new multi-party call.

Description

说明书 用于连接多个多方通话的方法和装置  Method and apparatus for connecting multiple multiparty calls
[1] 技术领域  [1] Technical field
[2] 本发明涉及通信领域, 更具体而言, 涉及多个多方通话连接方法和装置。  [2] The present invention relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a plurality of multi-party call connection methods and apparatus.
[3] 发明背景 [3] Background of the invention
[4] MPTY ( Multi Party , 多方通话即会议)业务提供了一个用户 ( party , 方)进行多方连接呼叫能力。  [4] MPTY (Multi Party, Conference) service provides a multi-party connection call capability for a user (party).
[5] 下面将参照图 1 和图 2  [5] Reference will be made to Figures 1 and 2 below.
来详细说明在移动软交换的构架下的会议模型。 移动软交换架构, 即具有业务 提供和呼叫控制分开、 呼叫控制和承载连接分开、 开放的接口便于第三方提供 业务、 智能化、 个性化和移动性等特点的网络架构。 在移动软交换的架构下, 一个媒体网关控制器能够控制大量的媒体网关, 这些媒体网关通常被分散放置 到不同的位置用于覆盖一个较大范围的区域。  To elaborate on the conference model under the framework of mobile softswitch. The mobile softswitch architecture, which has separate services, separate call control, separate call control and bearer connections, and an open interface, facilitates third-party network architectures that provide services such as service, intelligence, personalization, and mobility. Under the mobile softswitch architecture, a media gateway controller can control a large number of media gateways, which are typically distributed to different locations to cover a larger area.
[6] 图 1 示出了一个根据相关技术的实现方法一的典型网关内的会议模型; 图 2 示出了一个根据相关技术的实现方法二的典型网关内的会议模型。  [6] FIG. 1 shows a conference model in a typical gateway according to the first implementation method of the related art; FIG. 2 shows a conference model in a typical gateway according to the implementation method 2 of the related art.
[7] 在如图 1 所示的实现方法一中, 参与会议的用户 A、 B 、 C  [7] In the implementation method 1 shown in Figure 1, the users A, B, and C participating in the conference
连接到同一个媒体网关上, 每个用户在媒体网关上分别对应的端点为 Ta、 Tb 、 Tc 。 为了实现用户 A、 B 、 C之间的会议, 需要将三个端点集中到关联 CTXa , 由媒体网关混音实现会议功能。  Connected to the same media gateway, each user's corresponding endpoint on the media gateway is Ta, Tb, Tc. In order to implement the conference between users A, B, and C, three endpoints need to be centralized to the associated CTXa, and the media gateway mixes to implement the conference function.
[8] 在如图 2所示的实现方法二中 , 参与会议的用户 A、 B 、 C  [8] In the implementation method 2 shown in Figure 2, users A, B, and C participating in the conference
连接到同一个媒体网关上, 用户在媒体网关上分别对应的端点为 Ta、 Tb 、 Tc , 每个用户端点对应一个独立关联, 分别为 CTXa、 CTXb 、 CTXc 。 为了实现用户 A、 B 、 C  Connected to the same media gateway, the corresponding endpoints of the user on the media gateway are Ta, Tb, Tc, and each user endpoint corresponds to an independent association, namely CTXa, CTXb, CTXc. In order to implement users A, B, C
之间的会议功能, 需要分别在每个用户关联中增加端点 TA1 、 TBI 、 TCI , 同时建立一个会议关联 CTXmpty , 在该会议关联 CTXmpty  The conferencing function between the two needs to add endpoints TA1, TBI, TCI in each user association, and establish a conference association CTXmpty, and associate CTXmpty in the conference.
中增加——对应的端点 TA0 、 TB0 、 TC0 , 将端点 TA0 、 TB0 、 TC0 与端点 TA1 、 TBI 、 TCI 连接起来, 从而将关联 CTXa、 CTXb 、 CTXc 与会议关联 CTXmpty连接起来。 由会议关联 CTXmpty混音实现会议功能。 Increase - the corresponding endpoints TA0, TB0, TC0, connect the endpoints TA0, TB0, TC0 with the endpoints TA1, TBI, TCI, thus associating CTXa, CTXb, CTXc Connect to the conference association CTXmpty. The conference function is implemented by the conference associated CTXmpty mix.
[9] 在现有的移动通信系统中支持会议功能, 会议(协议中规定参与会议的用户数 最多为 6方) 是按照图一和图二中的两种组网模型实现的。 [9] In the existing mobile communication system, the conference function is supported. The conference (the maximum number of users participating in the conference is 6 parties) is implemented according to the two networking models in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
[10] 目前, 将多个会议连接到一起的方法可以为: 将同一个媒体网关中的几个会议 中的用户合并到一起, 即将其它会议中的用户移动到同一个会议中。 [10] Currently, the method of connecting multiple conferences together can be: Combine users in several conferences in the same media gateway, and move users in other conferences to the same conference.
[11] 在实现本发明的过程中, 发明人发现上述现有技术中的用户合并方式至少存在 如下三个问题: [11] In the process of implementing the present invention, the inventors have found that at least the following three problems exist in the above-described prior art user combination method:
[12] 问题一、 对媒体网关有较高的要求, 要求媒体网关能够支持一个会议的会话中 超过 6个端点的协议限制。  [12] Problem 1. There is a high requirement for the media gateway, which requires the media gateway to support the protocol limit of more than 6 endpoints in a conference session.
[13] 问题二、 如果在用户合并的过程中需要操作的端点数量多, 则会导致操作效率 不高, 会议建立的过程较慢。 [13] Problem 2: If there are a large number of endpoints that need to be operated during the user consolidation process, the operation efficiency will be low and the conference establishment process will be slow.
[14] 问题三、 不能够实现分布在多个媒体网关上的会议之间的合并。 [14] Question 3: It is not possible to achieve a merger between conferences distributed across multiple media gateways.
[15] 发明内容 [15] Summary of the invention
[16] 本发明实施例旨在提供多个多方通话连接方法和装置, 解决上述的将多个多方 通话连接起来的问题,  [16] The embodiments of the present invention are directed to providing a plurality of multi-party call connection methods and apparatuses, and solving the above problem of connecting a plurality of multi-party calls.
[17] 根据本发明实施例的一个方面, 提供了一种多个多方通话连接方法, 将多个会 议连接起来, 包括以下步骤:  According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a method for connecting multiple parties is provided, and the following steps are performed by connecting multiple conferences:
[18] 使用户暂时离开其所参与的正在进行的多方通话, 其中, 所述用户是所述多方 通话中的远端用户, 其驻留在用户设备上; [18] causing the user to temporarily leave the ongoing multiparty call in which the user participates, wherein the user is a remote user in the multiparty call, and resides on the user equipment;
[19] 使所述用户发起建立新多方通话; 以及 [19] causing the user to initiate a new multiparty call;
[20] 在所述两个多方通话的关联中分别建立端点, 并使所述端点连接起来, 从而将 所述两个多方通话连接起来。  [20] An endpoint is established in the association of the two multiparty calls, and the endpoints are connected to connect the two multiparty calls.
[21] 根据本发明实施例的一个方面, 提供了一种多个多方通话连接装置, 将多个会 议连接起来, 所述装置包括: According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of multi-party call connection devices are provided to connect a plurality of conferences, and the device includes:
[22] 远端用户分离模块, 用于使用户暂时离开其所参与的正在进行的多方通话, 其 中, 所述用户是所述多方通话中的远端用户, 其驻留在用户设备上; [22] a remote user separation module, configured to temporarily leave a user in an ongoing multiparty call, wherein the user is a remote user in the multiparty call, and resides on the user equipment;
[23] 会议发起模块, 用于使所述用户发起建立新多方通话; 以及 [23] a conference initiation module, configured to enable the user to initiate a new multiparty call;
[24] 连接模块, 用于在所述两个多方通话的关联中分别建立端点, 并使所述端点连 接起来, 从而将所述两个多方通话连接起来。 [24] a connection module, configured to establish an endpoint in the association of the two multiparty calls, and connect the endpoint Then, the two multiparty calls are connected.
[25] 根据本发明实施例的一个方面, 提供了一种多个多方通话连接方法, 将多个会 议连接起来, 包括以下步骤:  [25] According to an aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a method for connecting multiple parties is provided, and connecting a plurality of conferences includes the following steps:
[26] 使第一用户暂时离开其所参与的正在进行的第一多方通话, 其中, 所述第一用 户是所述第一多方通话中的主控用户, 所述第一用户驻留在用户设备上; [26] causing the first user to temporarily leave the ongoing first multiparty call in which the first user is involved, wherein the first user is a master user in the first multiparty call, and the first user resides On the user device;
[27] 使所述第一用户拨打第二用户建立新的呼叫, 其中, 所述第二用户是第二多方 通话中的主控用户, 第二用户驻留在用户设备上; 以及 [27] causing the first user to dial a second user to establish a new call, where the second user is a master user in a second multiparty call, and the second user resides on the user equipment;
[28] 使所述第一用户加入所述第二多方通话, 使所述第二用户加入所述第一多方通 话中, 从而将所述第一多方通话与所述第二多方通话连接起来。 [28] causing the first user to join the second multiparty call, and adding the second user to the first multiparty call, thereby the first multiparty call and the second multiparty The calls are connected.
[29] 根据本发明实施例的一个方面, 提供了一种多个多方通话连接装置, 将多个会 议连接起来, 所述装置包括: According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of multi-party call connection devices are provided to connect a plurality of conferences, and the device includes:
[30] 远端用户分离模块, 用于使第一用户暂时离开其所参与的正在进行的第一多方 通话, 其中, 所述第一用户是所述第一会议中的主控用户, 其驻留在用户设备 上; [30] a remote user separation module, configured to temporarily leave the first user to participate in an ongoing first multiparty call, wherein the first user is a master user in the first conference, Residing on the user device;
[31] 呼叫发起模块, 用于使所述第一用户拨打第二用户建立新的呼叫, 其中, 所述 第二用户是已经存在的所述第二多方通话中的主控用户, 其驻留在用户设备上 ; 以及  [31] a call initiation module, configured to enable the first user to dial a second user to establish a new call, where the second user is an existing master user of the second multiparty call already existing, Stay on the user device; and
[32] 连接模块, 用于使所述第一用户加入所述第二多方通话中, 使所述第二用户加 入所述第一多方通话中, 从而将所述第一多方通话与所述第二多方通话连接起 来。  [32] a connection module, configured to join the first user to the second multiparty call, and enable the second user to join the first multiparty call, thereby using the first multiparty call The second multiparty calls are connected.
[33] 通过上述技术方案, 本发明实施例对会议过程进行了扩展, 实现了基于移动软 交换架构下的多个多方通话连接的承载模型和实现过程, 从而本发明实施例实 现了如下技术效果:  [33] Through the foregoing technical solutions, the embodiment of the present invention extends the conference process, and implements a bearer model and implementation process of multiple multi-party call connections based on the mobile softswitch architecture, so that the following technical effects are achieved in the embodiment of the present invention. :
[34] ( 1  [34] ( 1
)通过移动软交换和媒体网关的配合, 实现了多方通话中远端用户建立新的多 方通话, 从而将几个多方通话级联起来;  Through the cooperation of the mobile softswitch and the media gateway, the remote user establishes a new multi-party call in the multi-party call, thereby cascading several multi-party calls;
[35] ( 2 [35] ( 2
)将已经建立的多个多方通话连接起来, 实现几个多方通话范围内的用户间双 向通信; 以及 ) Connect multiple established multi-party calls to achieve double-user connectivity within several multi-party calls To communication;
[36] ( 3  [36] ( 3
)可以将本发明实施例很容易地推广到分布在多个媒体网关中的多个多方通话 的连接, 从而实现更大范围的用户间双向通信。  The embodiment of the present invention can be easily extended to the connection of a plurality of multi-party calls distributed among a plurality of media gateways, thereby achieving a wider range of two-way communication between users.
[37] 本发明实施例的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述, 并且, 部分地从说 明书中变得显而易见, 或者通过实施本发明实施例而了解。 本发明实施例的其 它特征和其他优点可通过在所写的说明书、 权利要求书、 以及附图中所特别指 出的结构来实现和获得。 Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be set forth in the description in the description in the written description. Other features and other advantages of the embodiments of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims.
[38] 附图简要说明 [38] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[39] 图 1 示出了一个根据相关技术的实现方法一的典型网关内的会议模型;  [39] FIG. 1 shows a conference model in a typical gateway according to the first implementation method of the related art;
[40] 图 2示出了一个根据相关技术的实现方法二的典型网关内的会议模型;  [40] FIG. 2 shows a conference model in a typical gateway according to the implementation method 2 of the related art;
[41] 图 3示出了根据本发明实施例方案 1 的多会议连接方法;  FIG. 3 illustrates a multiple conference connection method according to the scheme 1 of the embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
[42] 图 4示出了根据本发明实施例方案 1 的多会议连接装置;  4 shows a multi-meeting connection device according to a solution 1 of an embodiment of the present invention;
[43] 图 5示出了根据本发明实施例方案 1 的一个实施例的承载模型图;  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a bearer model of an embodiment of a solution 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
[44] 图 6示出了根据实施例方案 1 的建立由用户 A、 B 、 C  Figure 6 shows the establishment of scheme 1 by users A, B, C according to an embodiment.
三方参加的会议的承载模型图;  A model of the bearing model of the meeting attended by the three parties;
[45] 图 7示出了根据实施例方案 1 的远端用户 C [45] FIG. 7 shows a remote user C according to the embodiment 1
发起呼叫保持操作的承载模型图;  a bearer model diagram for initiating a call hold operation;
[46] 图 8示出了根据实施例方案 1 的远端用户 C Figure 8 shows a remote user C according to the embodiment 1
发起建立一个新的会议的承载模型图;  Initiating a bearer model diagram for establishing a new conference;
[47] 图 9示出了根据实施例方案 1 的用户 C Figure 9 shows a user C of scheme 1 according to an embodiment
操作将两个会议连接起来的承载模型图;  Manipulating a model map that connects the two conferences;
[48] 图 10示出了根据实施例方案 1 的信令流程图; FIG. 10 shows a signaling flow diagram of scheme 1 according to an embodiment; FIG.
[49] 图 11 示出了根据本发明实施例方案 2 的多会议连接方法; 11 shows a multiple conference connection method according to scheme 2 of an embodiment of the present invention;
[50] 图 12示出了根据本发明实施例方案 2 的多会议连接装置; FIG. 12 shows a multi-meeting connection device according to a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
[51] 图 13示出了根据本发明实施例方案 2 的一个实施例的承载模型图; FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a bearer model of an embodiment of a scheme 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
[52] 图 14示出了根据实施例方案 2 的控用户 A、 D Figure 14 shows the control users A, D according to the embodiment 2
分别建立两个会议的承载模型图; [53] 图 15示出了根据实施例方案 2 的主控用户 D呼叫保持后呼叫用户 A 的承载模型图; Establish a bearer model diagram of two conferences separately; [53] FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a bearer model of a calling user A after a master user D call is held according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
[54] 图 16示出了根据实施例方案 2 的主控用户 D将用户 A  16 shows a master user D of a scheme 2 according to an embodiment.
加入所在的会议中的承载模型图;  Join the host model diagram in the conference;
[55] 图 17示出了根据实施例方案 2 的主控用户 A将用户 D  17 shows a master user A who will use user D according to the embodiment 2
加入所在的会议中的承载模型图;  Join the host model diagram in the conference;
[56] 图 18示出了根据实施例 方案 2 的信令流程图。  Figure 18 shows a signaling flow diagram of Scheme 2 in accordance with an embodiment.
[57] 实施本发明的方式  [57] Mode for carrying out the invention
[58] 下面将参考附图详细说明本发明实施例。  The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[59] 本发明实施例可以在扩展 H. 248和 3GPP  [59] Embodiments of the present invention can be extended in H. 248 and 3GPP
协议的基础上, 构建一种用于多个多方通话连接的新的网络连接模型和建立流 程。 从而实现将分布在同一网关或多个网关内的几个多方通话连接起来, 实现 更大范围内的多方通话业务。 本发明实施例提供两种方案将多个多方通话进行 连接。 一种是多方通话中的远端用户发起建立新的多方通话, 实现将多个多方 通话连接起来; 第二种是将两个已经建立的多方通话连接起来。 这里的多方通 话也可以称为会议。  Based on the protocol, a new network connection model and build process for multiple multi-party call connections is constructed. Thereby, several multi-party calls distributed in the same gateway or multiple gateways are connected to realize a multi-party call service in a wider range. The embodiments of the present invention provide two solutions for connecting multiple multiparty calls. One is that a remote user in a multiparty call initiates a new multiparty call to connect multiple multiparty calls; the second is to connect two established multiparty calls. The multi-party conversations here can also be called conferences.
[60] 下面将参照图 3和图 4来详细说明根据本发明实施例的方案 1 。  A scheme 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
[61] 图 3示出了根据本发明实施例方案 1 的多会议连接方法; 图 4  FIG. 3 shows a multiple conference connection method according to the scheme 1 of the embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
示出了根据本发明实施例方案 1 的多会议连接装置 400 。  A multi-meeting connection device 400 according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[62] 如图 3所示, 根据本发明实施例方案 1  [62] As shown in FIG. 3, according to an embodiment of the present invention,
的多会议连接方法是通过会议中的远端用户发起建立新的会议, 从而实现将多 个会议连接起来, 其包括以下步骤:  The multi-conference connection method is to establish a new conference by a remote user in the conference, thereby connecting multiple conferences, which includes the following steps:
[63] 步骤 S302  [63] Step S302
, 使用户暂时离开其所参与的正在进行的会议, 其中, 该用户是正在进行的会 议中的远端用户, 所述用户驻留在所述软交换网络中的用户设备(包括移动终 端、 电话机等)上, 可选地, 该用户通过呼叫保持操作暂时离开正在进行的会 议, 其中, 呼叫保持( Call Hold  And causing the user to temporarily leave the ongoing conference in which the user participates, wherein the user is a remote user in the ongoing conference, and the user equipment (including the mobile terminal, the phone) that the user resides in the softswitch network On the machine, etc., optionally, the user temporarily leaves the ongoing conference by the call hold operation, where the call is held (Call Hold)
)操作允许用户中断已经建立的语音呼叫, 并在随后需要时可以恢复这个呼叫 , 在中断呼叫期间, 网络会保留原有呼叫分配的业务信道; 在下述实施方式的 描述中离开即暂时离开。 The operation allows the user to interrupt the established voice call and can resume the call when needed later During the interruption of the call, the network will retain the traffic channel allocated by the original call; it will leave temporarily in the description of the following embodiment.
[64] 步骤 S304  [64] Step S304
, 使用户发起建立新的会议, 此时, 该用户成为新的会议的主控用户 (即被服 务用户, 主控方) ; 以及  , causing the user to initiate a new conference, at which time the user becomes the master user of the new conference (ie, the served user, the master);
[65] 步骤 S306 , 使用户将这两个会议连接起来。 [65] Step S306, the user is connected to the two conferences.
[66] 图 4示出了根据本发明实施例方案 1 的多会议连接装置 400 。 4 shows a multi-meeting connection device 400 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
[67] 如图 4所示, 根据本发明实施例方案 1 的多会议连接装置 400包括: As shown in FIG. 4, the multi-conference connection apparatus 400 according to the embodiment 1 of the present invention includes:
[68] 远端用户分离模块 410 [68] Remote User Separation Module 410
, 用于使用户通过呼叫保持操作, 离开其所参与的正在进行的会议, 其中, 该 用户是该会议的远端用户, 该用户驻留在所述软交换网络中的用户设备上; [69] 会议发起模块 420 , 用于使用户发起建立新  And for causing the user to leave the ongoing conference in which the user participates by the call hold operation, where the user is a remote user of the conference, and the user resides on the user equipment in the softswitch network; [69] a conference initiation module 420, configured to enable a user to initiate a new setup
的会议, 此时, 该用户成为新的会议的主控用户; 以及  Meeting, at which point the user becomes the master user of the new meeting;
[70] 连接模块 430 , 用于使用户将这两个会议连接起来。 [70] The connection module 430 is used to enable the user to connect the two conferences.
[71] 下面将参照图 5 到图 10 , 来详细说明根据本发明的方案 1 的一个实施例。  An embodiment of the scheme 1 according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to Figs. 5 to 10.
[72] 图 5示出了根据本发明方案 1 的一个实施例的承载模型图; 图 6到图 9 分别示出了根据该实施例的各个步骤中的承载模型图; 以及图 10 Figure 5 is a diagram showing a bearer model according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention; Figures 6 to 9 respectively show a bearer model diagram in each step according to the embodiment; and Figure 10
示出了根据该实施例的信令流程图。  A signaling flow diagram in accordance with this embodiment is shown.
[73] 如图 5所示, 该实施例的模型描述为, 在媒体网关( Media Gateway [73] As shown in FIG. 5, the model of this embodiment is described as being at a media gateway (Media Gateway).
, 缩写为 MGW )上有 MPTY1 和 MPTY2两个会议, 分别对应会议关联  , abbreviated as MGW), there are two conferences, MPTY1 and MPTY2, corresponding to the conference association.
CTXmptyl 和 CTXmpty2 , 其中用户 C为会议 MPTY1 中的远端用户, 用户 C 作为主控用户发起建立新的会议 MPTY2 , 由用户 C  CTXmptyl and CTXmpty2, where user C is the remote user in conference MPTY1, and user C is the master user to initiate the establishment of a new conference MPTY2, by user C.
选择操作将两个会议连接起来, 在网络模型中由 CTXmptyl 中的端点 TC1 和 The selection operation connects the two conferences in the network model by the endpoint TC1 in CTXmptyl and
CTXmpty2 中的端点 TC2将两个会议关联连接起来。 其中, MGW Endpoints in CTXmpty2 TC2 connects two conference associations. Among them, MGW
是核心网络的承载搭建设备, 负责具体承载、 媒体的搭建、 释放和承载资源的 管理。  It is the bearer and construction equipment of the core network, responsible for the specific bearer, media construction, release, and management of the bearer resources.
[74] 在媒体网关上由主控用户 A发起建立一个由用户 A 、 B 、 C  [74] On the media gateway initiated by the master user A to establish a user A, B, C
三方参与的会议 MPTY1 , 在通话的过程中, 其中一个远端用户 C 进行呼叫保持操作, 离开该会议 MPTY1 , 并发起建立一个新的会议 MPTY2The three parties participate in the conference MPTY1, during the call, one of the remote users C Perform a call hold operation, leave the conference MPTY1, and initiate the establishment of a new conference MPTY2
, 在该会议 MPTY2 中有用户 C和用户 D , there are user C and user D in the conference MPTY2
参与 (可以有更多方的用户参与) 。 会议 MPTY2建立后用户 C  Participation (can have more users involved). Conference MPTY2 is established after user C
作为该会议的主控用户 (同时用户 C还是会议 MPTY1 的远端用户) , 用户 C 可以选择操作将会议 MPTY1 和会议 MPTY2  As the master user of the conference (while user C is also the remote user of conference MPTY1), user C can choose to operate conference MPTY1 and conference MPTY2.
连接起来。 在媒体网关的物理承载上会议的关联 CTXmptyl 和 CTXmpty2 通过端点 TC和 TC1 连接起来, 这个会议中的用户 A、 B 、 C 、 D 能够互相通话。 用户 C在会议 MPTY1 中作为远端用户的, 在会议 MPTY2 中作为主控用户。  connect them. The association of the conference on the physical bearer of the media gateway CTXmptyl and CTXmpty2 are connected through the endpoint TC and TC1, and the users A, B, C, and D in this conference can talk to each other. User C is the remote user in conference MPTY1 and the master user in conference MPTY2.
[75] 上面仅描述了两个会议的连接。 两个会议中的其它远端用户还能够继续发起建 立新的会议, 并且新建立的会议能够同远端用户所在的上述两个会议连接起来 , 从而实现更大范围的会议业务。  [75] Only the connections for the two conferences are described above. The other remote users in the two conferences can continue to initiate new conferences, and the newly established conferences can be connected with the two conferences where the remote users are located, thereby achieving a wider range of conference services.
[76] 上述网络模型中所描述的两个互连会议位于同一个媒体网关, 上述的网络模型 可以扩展到多个媒体网关, 即每个会议的关联分别可以位于不同的媒体网关上 , 通过关联中的端点将位于不同媒体网关上的关联连接起来, 实现会议的连接  [76] The two interconnected conferences described in the foregoing network model are located in the same media gateway, and the foregoing network model can be extended to multiple media gateways, that is, the association of each conference can be located on different media gateways respectively, through association. The endpoints in the connection connect the associations on different media gateways to achieve the connection of the conference
[77] 图 6示出了根据该实施例的建立由用户 A、 B 、 C Figure 6 shows the establishment by user A, B, C according to this embodiment.
三方参加的会议的承载模型图; 图 7示出了根据该实施例的远端用户 C 发起呼叫保持操作的承载模型图; 图 8示出了根据该实施例的远端用户 C 发起建立一个新的会议的承载模型图; 以及图 9示出了根据该实施例的用户 C 操作将两个会议连接起来的承载模型图。  A bearer model diagram of a conference in which the three parties participate; FIG. 7 shows a bearer model diagram in which the remote subscriber C initiates a call hold operation according to the embodiment; FIG. 8 shows that the remote subscriber C initiates a new setup according to the embodiment. A bearer model diagram of the conference; and FIG. 9 shows a bearer model diagram in which the user C operation connects the two conferences according to the embodiment.
[78] 如图 10所示, 远端用户发起建立新会议的流程如下:  [78] As shown in Figure 10, the process for a remote user to initiate a new conference is as follows:
[79] 步骤 S1002 , 主控用户发起建立用户 A、 B 、 C  [79] Step S1002, the master user initiates the establishment of users A, B, C
三方的会议。 该会议建立过程承载模型参考图 6 。 MSC Server ( Mobile Switch Center Server , 移动交换中心服务器) 向媒体网关下发 MOV. Request 消息, 请求媒体网关创建一个会议的关联、 并请求将已经建立成功的主控用户 的端点 TA  Tripartite meeting. The conference establishment process bearer model is shown in Figure 6. The MSC Server (Mobile Switch Center Server) delivers a MOV. Request message to the media gateway, requests the media gateway to create a conference association, and requests the endpoint of the master user that has successfully established TA.
加入到该关联中。 媒体网关为该会议分配一个关联(该关联的索引为 CTXmptyl ) , 并将端点 TA Join in the association. The media gateway assigns an association to the conference (the index of the association is CTXmptyl ) and will end point TA
加入到该关联中, 媒体网关将分配的关联索引和操作的结果返回给 MSC Server 。 随后 MSC Server 向媒体网关发送两个 MOV. Request 消息, 媒体网关根据 MSC Server发送来的两个 MOV. Request 消息将建立成功的远端用户 B 、 C 的端点 TB 、 TC加入到会议的关联 CTXmptyl 中, 从而建立用户 A 、 B 、 C三方之间的会议;  Joining the association, the media gateway returns the assigned association index and the result of the operation to the MSC Server. The MSC Server then sends two MOV. Request messages to the media gateway. The media gateway adds the successful end users TB and TC of the remote user B and C to the associated CTXmptyl of the conference according to the two MOV. Request messages sent by the MSC Server. , thereby establishing a conference between the three parties A, B, and C;
[80] 步骤 S1004 , 远端用户 C [80] Step S1004, Remote User C
通过呼叫保持操作, 离开正在进行的会议。 该过程承载模型参考图 7 。 MSC Server 向媒体网关下发 MOV. Request  Leave the ongoing conference by call hold operation. The process bearer model is shown in Figure 7. The MSC Server sends a MOV. Request to the media gateway.
消息, 请求媒体网关创建一个新的关联, 并请求将远端用户 C 的端点 TC 移动到该关联中。 媒体网关为该操作分配一个关联(该关联的索引为 CTX ) , 并将端点 TC  The message, requesting the media gateway to create a new association, and requesting that the endpoint TC of the remote user C be moved into the association. The media gateway assigns an association to the operation (the index of the association is CTX) and the endpoint TC
加入到该关联中, 媒体网关将分配的关联索引和操作的结果返回给 MSC Server 。 远端用户 C  Joining the association, the media gateway returns the assigned association index and the result of the operation to the MSC Server. Remote user C
离开了原来建立的会议, 在新的关联中能够拨打其他新的用户建立通话。  Leaving the original conference, in the new association, you can call other new users to establish a call.
[81] 步骤 S1006 , 远端用户 C发起建立一个新的会议。 此时, 用户 C [81] Step S1006: The remote user C initiates the establishment of a new conference. At this time, user C
作为新的会议的主控用户。 该会议建立过程的模型参考图 8 。 MSC Server 向媒体网关下发 MOV. Request  As the master user of the new conference. The model of the conference establishment process is shown in Figure 8. The MSC Server sends a MOV. Request to the media gateway.
消息, 请求媒体网关创建一个新的会议关联, 并请求将已经建立成功的主控用 户的端点 TC  Message, requesting the media gateway to create a new conference association, and requesting the endpoint TC of the master user that has successfully established
加入到该关联中。 媒体网关为该新的会议分配一个关联(该关联的索引为 CTXmpty2 ) , 并将端点 TC加入到该关联 CTXmpty2  Join in the association. The media gateway assigns an association to the new conference (the index of the association is CTXmpty2), and adds the endpoint TC to the association CTXmpty2
中, 媒体网关将分配的关联索引和操作的结果返回给 MSC Server 。 随后 MSC In the media gateway, the associated index and the result of the operation are returned to the MSC Server. Subsequently MSC
Server 向媒体网关发送一个 MOV. Request 消息, 媒体网关根据 MSC Server 发送来的 MOV. Request 消息将建立成功的远端用户 D 的端点 TD The server sends a MOV. Request message to the media gateway, and the media gateway establishes a successful remote user D endpoint TD according to the MOV. Request message sent by the MSC Server.
加入到会议的关联 CTXmpty2 中。 从而建立起用户 C 、 D  Join the associated CTXmpty2 in the meeting. Thereby establishing users C, D
两方之间的会议(可以加入更多的用户) 。 此时的用户 C  A meeting between the two parties (can join more users). User C at this time
归属于两个会议, 在索引为 CTXmptyl 的会议一中作为远端用户, 在索引为 CTXmpty2 的会议二中作为主控用户; 以及 Belongs to two conferences, in the conference one indexed CTXmptyl as the remote user, the index is CTXmpty2 in Conference 2 as the master user; and
[82] 步骤 S1008 , 主控用户 C发起会议连接操作如发起 SPLIT MPTY [82] Step S1008, the main control user C initiates a conference connection operation, such as initiating SPLIT MPTY
操作, 将这两个关联的会议一、 会议二连接起来。 该两个会议关联过程承载模 型参考图 9 。 MSC Server 向媒体网关下发 ADD. Request  Operation, connect the two associated conferences one and two. The two conference association process bearer models are shown in Figure 9. The MSC Server sends an ADD. Request to the media gateway.
消息, 请求媒体网关在会议一的关联 CTXmptyl  Message, requesting media gateway association in conference one CTXmptyl
中建立一个新的端点。 媒体网关为该操作分配一个端点索引 TC1 , 并为该端点 TC1 分配相应的资源, 然后, 媒体网关将分配的端点索引和操作的结果返回给 MSC Server 。 随后, MSC Server 向媒体网关下发 ADD. Request  Create a new endpoint in . The media gateway assigns an endpoint index TC1 to the operation and allocates the corresponding resource to the endpoint TC1. Then, the media gateway returns the assigned endpoint index and the result of the operation to the MSC Server. Then, the MSC Server sends an ADD. Request to the media gateway.
消息, 以请求媒体网关在会议二的关联 CTXmpty2  Message to request the media gateway to associate in conference two CTXmpty2
中建立一个新的端点, 并请求将该端点与 TC1 连接起来。 媒体网关在接收到 ADD. Request 消息后, 媒体网关为该操作分配一个端点索引 TC2 , 并为该端点 TC2分配相应的资源, 并将端点 TC2与端点 TC1  Create a new endpoint and request that the endpoint be connected to TC1. After receiving the ADD. Request message, the media gateway allocates an endpoint index TC2 for the operation, allocates a corresponding resource to the endpoint TC2, and associates the endpoint TC2 with the endpoint TC1.
连接起来。 然后, 媒体网关将分配的端点索引和操作的结果返回给 MSC Server connect them. The media gateway then returns the assigned endpoint index and the results of the operation to the MSC Server.
。 这样两个会议的关联通过 TCI 、 TC2连接在一起, 两个会议中的用户 A 、. The association between the two conferences is connected through TCI and TC2, and the users A in the two conferences.
B 、 C 、 D能够实现互相通话。 B, C, and D can talk to each other.
[83] 可选地, 会议中用户可以按照上述过程完成将更多的会议连接到一起。 [83] Optionally, the user in the conference can complete the connection of more conferences according to the above process.
[84] 下面将参照图 11 和图 12来详细说明根据本发明实施例的方案 2 。 Scheme 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12.
[85] 图 11 示出了根据本发明实施例方案 2 的多会议连接方法; 图 12 FIG. 11 shows a multi-conference connection method according to scheme 2 of the embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
示出了根据本发明实施例方案 2 的多会议连接装置 1200 。  A multi-conference connection device 1200 according to aspect 2 of an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[86] 如图 11 所示, 根据本发明实施例方案 2 [86] As shown in FIG. 11, scheme 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention
的多会议连接方法是通过连接两个已经建立的会议, 从而实现将多个会议连接 起来, 其包括以下步骤:  The multi-conference connection method is to connect multiple conferences by connecting two already established conferences, which includes the following steps:
[87] 步骤 S1102 , 使用户 a离开其所参与的正在进行的会议 a , 其中, 用户 a 是会议 a 中的主控用户, 用户 a [87] Step S1102, causing user a to leave the ongoing conference a in which he participates, where user a is the master user in conference a, user a
驻留在所述软交换网络中的用户设备上, 可选地, 用户 a  Residing on a user equipment in the softswitch network, optionally, user a
通过呼叫保持操作离开会议 a ;  Leave the meeting a by call hold operation;
[88] 步骤 S1104 , 使用户 a拨打用户 b建立新的呼叫, 其中, 用户 b [88] Step S1104, causing user a to dial user b to establish a new call, where user b
是已经存在的会议 b 中的主控用户, 用户 b 驻留在所述软交换网络中的用户设备上; 以及 Is the master user in the existing conference b, user b Residing on user equipment in the softswitch network;
[89] 步骤 S1106 , 使用户 a和用户 b分别将对方加入其所在的会议 a和会议 b 中, 从而将这两个会议连接起来。  [89] Step S1106, the user a and the user b respectively add the other party to the conference a and the conference b where they are located, thereby connecting the two conferences.
[90] 图 12示出了根据本发明实施例方案 2 的多会议连接装置 1200 。 FIG. 12 shows a multi-meeting connection device 1200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
[91] 如图 12所示, 根据本发明实施例方案 2 的多会议连接装置 1200包括: [92] 远端用户分离模块 1210 , 用于使远端用户 a As shown in FIG. 12, the multi-meeting connection apparatus 1200 according to the embodiment 2 of the present invention includes: [92] a remote user separation module 1210 for enabling a remote user a
离开其所参与的正在进行的会议 a , 其中, 用户 a是会议 a  Leaving the ongoing meeting a participating in it, where user a is the meeting a
中的主控用户, 用户 a驻留在所述软交换网络中的用户设备上;  In the master user, user a resides on the user equipment in the softswitch network;
[93] 呼叫发起模块 1220 , 用于使用户 a拨打用户 b建立新的呼叫, 其中, 用户 b是会议 b 中的主控用户, 用户 b [93] The call initiation module 1220 is configured to enable the user a to dial the user b to establish a new call, where the user b is the master user in the conference b, the user b
驻留在所述软交换网络中的用户设备上; 以及  Residing on user equipment in the softswitch network;
[94] 连接模块 1230 , 用于使用户 a和用户 b分别将对方加入其所在的会议 a 和会议 b 中, 从而将这两个会议连接起来。 [94] The connection module 1230 is configured to enable the user a and the user b to respectively add the other party to the conference a and the conference b where they are located, thereby connecting the two conferences.
[95] 下面将参照图 13 到图 18 , 来详细说明根据本发明的方案 2 [95] The scheme according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 13 to 18.
的一个实施例。  One embodiment.
[96] 图 13示出了根据本发明方案 2 的一个实施例的承载模型图; 图 14到图 17 分别示出了根据该实施例的各个步骤中的承载模型图; 以及图 18  13 shows a bearer model diagram according to an embodiment of the scheme 2 of the present invention; FIGS. 14 to 17 respectively show bearer model diagrams in respective steps according to the embodiment; and FIG.
示出了根据该实施例的信令流程图。  A signaling flow diagram in accordance with this embodiment is shown.
[97] 如图 13  [97] Figure 13
所示, 该实施例的模型描述为, 在媒体网关上有分别由各自的主控用户 A 和主控用户 D发起建立的会议 MPTY1 和 MPTY2 。 由 MPTY1 的主控用户 A 将用户 D加入到会议 MPTY1 中, 由 MPTY2 的主控用户 D将用户 A 加入到会议 MPTY2 中, 通过端点 TG和 TH  As shown, the model of this embodiment is described as having conferences MPTY1 and MPTY2 initiated by respective master user A and master user D on the media gateway. User A of MPTY1 joins user D to conference MPTY1, and user A of MPTY2 adds user A to conference MPTY2, through endpoints TG and TH.
建立两个会议关联之间的连接, 将两个会议连起来。  Establish a connection between two conference associations and connect the two conferences.
[98] 在媒体网关上有两个已经建立的会议。 由主控用户 A发起建立一个由用户 A[98] There are two established conferences on the media gateway. Initiated by the master user A to establish a user A
、 B 、 C三方参与的会议 MPTY1 ; 以及主控用户 D发起建立的一个由用户, B, and C participate in the conference MPTY1; and the master user D initiates the establishment of a user
D 、 E 、 F三方参与的会议 MPTY2 。 Meetings of D, E, and F, MPTY2.
[99] 在通话的过程中, 其中一个主控用户 D 进行呼叫保持操作, 离开会议, 呼叫用户 A , 并将用户 A加入到主控用户 D 所在的会议 MPTY2 。 当主控用户 A将用户 D加入到所在的会议 MPTY2 中后。 将两个会议连接起来。 在媒体网关的物理承载上会议的关联 CTXmptyl 和 CTXmpty2通过端点 TG和 TH连接起来, 处于两个会议中的用户 A、 B 、 C 、 D 、 E 、 F能够互相通话。 [99] During the call, one of the master users D Perform call hold operation, leave the conference, call user A, and add user A to the conference MPTY2 where the master user D is located. When the master user A adds the user D to the conference MPTY2. Connect the two meetings together. The associations CTXmptyl and CTXmpty2 of the conference on the physical bearer of the media gateway are connected through the endpoints TG and TH, and the users A, B, C, D, E, and F in the two conferences can talk to each other.
[100] 上面仅描述了两个会议的连接。 两个会议中的主控用户还能够继续连接其它的 会议, 从而实现更大范围的会议业务。  [100] Only the connections of the two conferences are described above. The master users in both conferences can continue to connect to other conferences to achieve a wider range of conference services.
[101] 上述网络模型中所描述的两个互连会议位于同一个媒体网关, 上述的网络模型 可以扩展到多个媒体网关, 即每个会议的关联分别可以位于不同的媒体网关上 , 以通过关联中的端点将关联连接起来, 实现会议的连接。  [101] The two interconnected conferences described in the foregoing network model are located in the same media gateway, and the foregoing network model may be extended to multiple media gateways, that is, each conference association may be located on different media gateways to pass The endpoints in the association connect the associations to achieve the connection to the conference.
[102] 图 14示出了根据该实施例的主控用户 A、 D  Figure 14 shows the master users A, D according to this embodiment.
分别建立两个会议的承载模型图; 图 15示出了根据该实施例的主控用户 D 呼叫保持后呼叫用户 A 的承载模型图; 图 16示出了根据该实施例的主控用户 A bearer model diagram of two conferences is respectively established; FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a bearer model of the caller A after the call of the master user D is held according to the embodiment; FIG. 16 shows the master user according to the embodiment.
D将用户 A加入会议 MPTY2 中的承载模型图; 以及图 17 D adds user A to the bearer model diagram in the conference MPTY2; and Figure 17
示出了根据该实施例的主控用户 A将用户 D加入会议 MPTY1  It is shown that the master user A according to this embodiment joins the user D to the conference MPTY1.
中的承载模型图。 如图 18所示, 连接两个已经建立的会议流程如下:  The bearer model diagram in . As shown in Figure 18, the two established conference processes are as follows:
[103] 步骤 S1802 , 主控用户 A发起建立用户 A、 B 、 C  [103] Step S1802, the master user A initiates the establishment of users A, B, C
三方的会议。 该会议建立过程承载模型参考图 14 。 MSC Server  Tripartite meeting. The conference establishment process bearer model is shown in Figure 14. MSC Server
向媒体网关下发 MOV. Request  Send MOV. Request to the media gateway
消息, 以请求媒体网关创建一个会议的关联、 并请求将已经建立成功的主控用 户的端点 TA  Message, requesting the media gateway to create an association of the conference, and requesting the endpoint of the master user who has successfully established TA
加入到该关联中。 媒体网关为该会议分配一个关联(该关联的索引为 CTXmptyl ) , 并将端点 TA  Join in the association. The media gateway assigns an association to the conference (the index of the association is CTXmptyl ) and the endpoint TA
加入到该关联中, 媒体网关将分配的关联索引和操作的结果返回给 MSC Server 。 随后 MSC Server 向媒体网关发送两个 MOV. Request 消息, 媒体网关根据 MSC Server发送来的 MOV. Request 消息将建立成功的远端用户 B 、 C 的端点 TB 、 TC加入到会议的关联 CTXmptyl 中。 建立用户 A、 B 、 C 三方之间的会议。 按照相同的流程主控用户 D发起建立 D 、 E 、 F 三方之间的会议。 Joining the association, the media gateway returns the assigned association index and the result of the operation to the MSC Server. The MSC Server then sends two MOV. Request messages to the media gateway. The media gateway adds the successful endpoints TB and TC of the remote user B and C to the associated CTXmptyl of the conference according to the MOV. Request message sent by the MSC Server. Establish a conference between users A, B, and C. According to the same process, the master user D initiates the establishment of D, E, F A meeting between the three parties.
[104] 步骤 S1804 , 主控用户 D  [104] Step S1804, Master User D
通过呼叫保持操作离开正在进行的会议, 并拨打用户 A  Leave the ongoing conference by call hold operation and dial user A
以建立新的呼叫。 该建立新的呼叫的过程承载模型参考图 15 。 MSC Server 向媒体网关下发 MOV. Request  To establish a new call. The process bearer model for establishing a new call is shown in Figure 15. The MSC Server sends a MOV. Request to the media gateway.
消息, 请求媒体网关创建一个新的关联, 并请求媒体网关将主控用户 D 的端点 TD移动到该关联中。 媒体网关为该操作分配一个关联(该关联的索引为 CTX ) , 并将端点 TD  The message requests the media gateway to create a new association and requests the media gateway to move the endpoint TD of the master user D into the association. The media gateway assigns an association to the operation (the associated index is CTX ) and the endpoint TD
加入到该关联中, 媒体网关将分配的关联索引和操作的结果返回给 MSC Server Joining the association, the media gateway returns the assigned association index and the result of the operation to the MSC Server.
。 主控用户 D离开了原来建立的会议, 拨打会议 MPTY1 中的主控用户 A. The master user D leaves the originally established conference and dials the master user A in the conference MPTY1.
, 主控用户 A选择接通主控用户 D 的呼叫, MSC Server 向媒体网关下发The master user A selects the call to the master user D, and the MSC server delivers the call to the media gateway.
MOV. Request 消息, 要求媒体网关将会议关联 CTXmptyl 中的端点 TA 移动到关联 CTX 中, 并要求媒体网关将用户 D 、 A The MOV. Request message asks the media gateway to move the endpoint TA in the conference association CTXmptyl to the associated CTX and asks the media gateway to user D, A
接通。 媒体网关根据接收到的 MOV. Request  Turn on. The media gateway is based on the received MOV. Request
消息完成操作后, 将操作结果返回给 MSC Server 。  After the message completes the operation, the operation result is returned to the MSC Server.
[105] 步骤 S1806 , 主控用户 D选择将用户 A加入到用户 D所在的会议 MPTY2 中, 建立 D 、 E 、 F 、 A之间的会议业务。 该过程的承载模型参考图 16 。 MSC Server 向媒体网关下发 MOV. Request 消息, 媒体网关将主控用户 D 的端点 TD和用户 A 的端点 TA分别移动到会议 MPTY2所在的关联 CTXmpty2 中, 建立 D 、 E 、 F 、 A之间的会议。 媒体网关将 TD 、 TA  [105] Step S1806, the master user D selects the user A to join the conference MPTY2 where the user D is located, and establish a conference service between D, E, F, and A. The bearer model for this process is shown in Figure 16. The MSC Server sends a MOV. Request message to the media gateway, and the media gateway moves the endpoint TD of the controlling user D and the endpoint TA of the user A to the associated CTXmpty2 where the conference MPTY2 is located, and establishes a relationship between D, E, F, and A. meeting. Media gateway will TD, TA
端点移动到指定的关联 CTXmpty2后向 MSC Server返回操作结果; 以及  The endpoint returns to the specified association CTXmpty2 and returns the operation result to the MSC Server;
[106] 步骤 S1808 , 会议 MPTY1 的主控用户 A选择将用户 D加入到用户 A  [106] Step S1808, the master user A of the conference MPTY1 chooses to add user D to the user A.
所在的会议 MPTY1 中, 将会议 MPTY1 和会议 MPTY2  In the conference MPTY1, the conference MPTY1 and the conference MPTY2
连接起来。 该会议连接的过程的承载模型参考图 17 。 MSC Server  connect them. Refer to Figure 17 for the bearer model of the process connected to the conference. MSC Server
向媒体网关下发 MOV. Request 消息, 媒体网关将主控用户 A 的端点 TA 移动到会议 MPTY1 所在的关联 CTXmptyl 中, 并向 MSC Server  The MOV. Request message is sent to the media gateway, and the media gateway moves the endpoint TA of the master user A to the associated CTXmptyl where the conference MPTY1 is located, and sends the message to the MSC Server.
返回操作结果的响应。 MSC Server收到媒体网关的操作响应后,  Returns the response to the result of the operation. After the MSC Server receives the operation response of the media gateway,
向媒体网关下发 ADD. Request 消息, 请求媒体网关在会议的关联 CTXmptyl 中建立一个新的端点。 媒体网关为该操作分配一个端点索引 TG , 并为该端点 TG分配相应的资源, 然后将分配的端点索引和操作的结果返回给 MSC Server 。 随后, MSC Server 向媒体网关下发 ADD. Request Send an ADD. Request message to the media gateway, requesting the media gateway to associate with the conference CTXmptyl Create a new endpoint in . The media gateway allocates an endpoint index TG for the operation, allocates corresponding resources to the endpoint TG, and then returns the assigned endpoint index and the result of the operation to the MSC Server. Then, the MSC Server sends an ADD. Request to the media gateway.
消息, 请求媒体网关在会议的关联 CTXmpty2  Message, requesting the association of the media gateway in the conference CTXmpty2
中建立一个新的端点, 并请求将该端点与 TG  Create a new endpoint and request the endpoint with TG
连接起来。 媒体网关为该操作分配一个端点索引 TH , 并为该端点 TH 分配相应的资源, 并将端点 TH与端点 TG  connect them. The media gateway allocates an endpoint index TH for the operation, allocates the corresponding resource to the endpoint TH, and associates the endpoint TH with the endpoint TG.
连接起来。 然后, 媒体网关将分配的端点索引和操作的结果返回给 MSC Server 。 这样两个会议的关联通过 TG、 TH连接在一起, 两个会议中的用户 A、 B 、 C 、 D 、 E 、 F能够实现互相通话。  connect them. The Media Gateway then returns the assigned endpoint index and the results of the operation to the MSC Server. The association between the two conferences is connected by TG and TH, and the users A, B, C, D, E, and F in the two conferences can talk to each other.
[107] 可选地, 会议中用户可以按照上述过程完成将更多的已经建立的会议连接到一 起。 [107] Optionally, the user in the conference can complete the connection of more established conferences according to the above process.
[108] 本发明实施例在扩展相关技术的协议的基础上, 定义了新的会议连接的网络连 接模型和建立流程。 该方案的实现包括将同一个媒体网关内的多个会议连接起 来; 如果会议分布在多个媒体网关中, 也能够使用这种方案将这些会议连接起 来。  [108] The embodiment of the present invention defines a network connection model and a setup process for a new conference connection on the basis of extending the protocol of the related art. The implementation of the solution includes connecting multiple conferences within the same media gateway; if the conference is distributed among multiple media gateways, the conference can also be used to connect these conferences.
[109] 显然, 本领域的技术人员应该明白, 通过阅读上述的本发明实施例, 很容易地 可以实现将几个会议中的端点增加到一个关联中, 以实现更大范围的用户间的 通话过程。  [109] Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that by reading the above embodiments of the present invention, it is easy to add endpoints in several conferences to one association to achieve a wider range of calls between users. process.
[110] 从以上的描述中, 可以看出, 本发明实现了如下技术效果:  [110] From the above description, it can be seen that the present invention achieves the following technical effects:
[111] ( 1 [111] ( 1
)通过移动软交换和媒体网关的配合, 实现了会议中远端用户建立新的会议, 从而将几个会议级联起来。  Through the cooperation of the mobile softswitch and the media gateway, the remote user establishes a new conference in the conference, thereby cascading several conferences.
[112] ( 2 [112] ( 2
)将已经建立的会议连接起来, 实现几个会议范围内的用户间双向通信; 以及 [113] ( 3  ) connecting established conferences to achieve two-way communication between users within several conferences; and [113] (3)
)可以将本发明实施例很容易地推广到分布在多个媒体网关中的多个会议的连 接, 从而实现更大范围的用户间双向通信。 [114] 综上所述, 本发明实施例在 3GPP The embodiment of the present invention can be easily extended to the connection of a plurality of conferences distributed among a plurality of media gateways, thereby achieving a wider range of two-way communication between users. [114] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention is in 3GPP
协议的基础上对会议实现过程进行了扩展, 在基于移动软交换架构下, 实现了 多会议连接的承载模型和实现过程。  Based on the protocol, the conference implementation process is extended. Under the mobile softswitch architecture, the bearer model and implementation process of multiple conference connections are implemented.
[115] 显然, 本领域的技术人员应该明白, 上述的本发明实施例的各模块或各步骤可 以用通用的计算装置来实现, 它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上, 或者分布在 多个计算装置所组成的网络上, 可选地, 它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代 码来实现, 从而, 可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行, 或者将它 们分别制作成各个集成电路模块, 或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个 集成电路模块来实现。 这样, 本发明不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。 应 该明白, 这些具体实施中的变化对于本领域的技术人员来说是显而易见的, 不 脱离本发明的精神保护范围。  [115] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the various modules or steps of the above-described embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device, which can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across multiple computations. Optionally, they may be implemented by program code executable by the computing device, such that they may be stored in the storage device by the computing device, or they may be fabricated into respective integrated circuit modules. Or by making multiple modules or steps in them into a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software. It is to be understood that changes in these specific embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.
[116] 以上所述仅为本发明的实施例而已, 并不用于限制本发明, 对于本领域的技术 人员来说, 本发明可以有各种更改和变化。 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内, 所 作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。  The above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims

权利要求书 Claim
[1] 1、 一种多个多方通话连接方法, 用于在软交换网络中将多个会议连接, 其 特征在于, 包括以下步骤:  [1] 1. A multi-party multi-party connection method, which is used for connecting a plurality of conferences in a softswitch network, and is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
使用户暂时离开其所参与的正在进行的多方通话, 其中, 所述用户是所述 多方通话中的远端用户, 其驻留在用户设备上;  Enabling the user to temporarily leave the ongoing multiparty call in which the user participates, wherein the user is a remote user in the multiparty call, and the user resides on the user equipment;
使所述用户发起建立新多方通话; 以及  Causing the user to initiate a new multiparty call;
在所述两个多方通话的关联中分别建立端点, 并使所述端点连接起来, 从 而将所述两个多方通话连接起来。  An endpoint is established in the association of the two multiparty calls, and the endpoints are connected to connect the two multiparty calls.
[2] 2、 根据权利要求 1  [2] 2. According to claim 1
所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述使用户暂时离开其所参与的正在进行的多 方通话的步骤包括:  The method is characterized in that: the step of temporarily leaving a user to participate in an ongoing multiparty call in which the user participates includes:
使所述用户暂时通过呼叫保持操作暂时离开其所参与的正在进行的多方通 话。  The user is temporarily allowed to temporarily leave the ongoing multiparty call in which he or she participates by a call hold operation.
[3] 3、 根据权利要求 1  [3] 3. According to claim 1
所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述使所述用户发起建立新多方通话的步骤包 括:  The method of the present invention, wherein the step of causing the user to initiate a new multiparty call comprises:
移动交换中心服务器请求媒体网关创建第二关联、 并请求将第一端点加入 到第二关联中; 所述第一端点为: 使所述用户暂时离开其所参与的正在进 行的多方通话过程中为所述用户创建的第一关联中的端点; 所述媒体网关 分配所述第二关联, 并将所述第一端点加入到所述第二关联中, 将分配的 第二关联索引和操作的结果返回给所述移动交换中心服务器; 所述媒体网关根据移动交换中心服务器的请求建立包含有所述用户的新多 方通话。  The mobile switching center server requests the media gateway to create a second association, and requests to join the first endpoint to the second association; the first endpoint is: causing the user to temporarily leave the ongoing multiparty call process in which the user participates An endpoint in the first association created by the user; the media gateway assigning the second association, and adding the first endpoint to the second association, and assigning the second associated index and The result of the operation is returned to the mobile switching center server; the media gateway establishes a new multiparty call containing the user in accordance with a request from the mobile switching center server.
[4] 4、 根据权利要求 1  [4] 4. According to claim 1
所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述在所述两个多方通话的关联中分别建立端 点, 并使所述端点连接起来的步骤包括:  The method is characterized in that: the step of establishing an end point in the association of the two multi-party calls, and connecting the end points comprises:
移动交换中心服务器请求媒体网关在所述用户暂时离开前参与的多方通话 的关联中建立第三端点; 所述媒体网关为所述第三端点分配第三端点索引, 并为所述第三端点分配 相应的资源, 然后将分配的端点索引和操作的结果返回给所述移动交换中 心服务器; The mobile switching center server requests the media gateway to establish a third endpoint in the association of the multiparty call involved before the user temporarily leaves; The media gateway allocates a third endpoint index to the third endpoint, and allocates a corresponding resource to the third endpoint, and then returns the assigned endpoint index and the result of the operation to the mobile switching center server;
所述移动交换中心服务器请求所述媒体网关在第二关联中建立第四端点, 使所述第四端点与所述第三端点索引连接起来, 所述第二关联为: 使所述 用户建立新多方通话过程中为所述新多方通话分配的关联; 所述媒体网关为所述第四端点分配第四端点索引, 并为所述第四端点分配 相应的资源, 并使所述第四端点索引与所述第三端点索引连接起来。  The mobile switching center server requests the media gateway to establish a fourth endpoint in the second association, and the fourth endpoint is connected to the third endpoint index, where the second association is: enabling the user to establish a new An association of the new multi-party call during the multi-party call; the media gateway assigns a fourth endpoint index to the fourth endpoint, and allocates a corresponding resource to the fourth endpoint, and indexes the fourth endpoint Connected to the third endpoint index.
[5] 5、 一种多个多方通话连接装置, 用于在软交换网络中将多个会议连接, 其 特征在于, 所述装置包括:  [5] 5, a plurality of multi-party call connection device, configured to connect a plurality of conferences in a softswitch network, wherein the device comprises:
远端用户分离模块, 用于使用户暂时离开其所参与的正在进行的多方通话 , 其中, 所述用户是所述多方通话中的远端用户, 其驻留在用户设备上; 会议发起模块, 用于使所述用户发起建立新多方通话; 以及 连接模块, 用于在所述两个多方通话的关联中分别建立端点, 并使所述端 点连接起来, 从而将所述两个多方通话连接起来。  a remote user separation module, configured to temporarily leave a user in an ongoing multiparty call, wherein the user is a remote user in the multiparty call, and the user is located on the user equipment; And the connection module is configured to establish an endpoint in the association of the two multi-party calls, and connect the endpoints, thereby connecting the two multi-party calls .
[6] 6、 根据权利要求 5  [6] 6. According to claim 5
所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述远端用户分离模块包括: 使所述用户通过 呼叫保持操作暂时离开所述会议的模块。  The device is characterized in that: the remote user separation module comprises: a module that causes the user to temporarily leave the conference by a call holding operation.
[7] 7、 根据权利要求 5  [7] 7. According to claim 5
所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述远端用户分离模块包括:  The device of the remote user includes:
第一请求模块, 用于使 MSC Server  a first request module for enabling the MSC Server
请求媒体网关创建新的第一关联, 并将所述用户的第一端点移动到所述第 一关联中; 以及  Requesting the media gateway to create a new first association and moving the first endpoint of the user into the first association;
第一分配模块, 用于使所述媒体网关分配所述第一关联, 并将所述第一端 点加入到所述第一关联。  a first allocation module, configured to enable the media gateway to allocate the first association, and add the first endpoint to the first association.
[8] 8、 根据权利要求 5所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述会议发起模块包括: 第二请求模块, 用于使移动交换中心服务器请求媒体网关创建第二关联, 并将第一端点加入到第二关联中; 所述第一端点为: 远端用户分离模块使 所述用户暂时离开其所参与的正在进行的多方通话过程中为所述用户创建 的第一关联中的端点; [8] The device according to claim 5, wherein the conference initiating module comprises: a second requesting module, configured to enable the mobile switching center server to request the media gateway to create a second association, and the first end The point is added to the second association; the first endpoint is: the remote user separation module enables The user temporarily leaves an endpoint in the first association created for the user during an ongoing multiparty call in which he participates;
第二分配模块, 用于使所述媒体网关为所述新多方通话分配所述第二关联 , 并将所述第一端点加入到所述第二关联中; 以及  a second allocation module, configured to enable the media gateway to allocate the second association for the new multiparty call, and add the first endpoint to the second association;
多方通话创建模块, 用于使所述媒体网关根据移动交换中心服务器的请求 建立包含有所述用户的新的多方通话。  The multi-party call creation module is configured to enable the media gateway to establish a new multi-party call including the user according to the request of the mobile switching center server.
[9] 9、 根据权利要求 5所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述连接模块包括: 第三请求模块, 用于使移动交换中心服务器请求媒体网关在所述用户暂时 离开前参与的多方通话的关联中建立第三端点;  [9] The device according to claim 5, wherein the connection module comprises: a third request module, configured to enable the mobile switching center server to request the multi-party call that the media gateway participates before the user temporarily leaves Establish a third endpoint in the association;
第三分配模块, 用于使所述媒体网关为所述第三端点分配第三端点索引, 并为所述第三端点分配相应的资源, 然后将分配的端点索引和操作的结果 返回给所述移动交换中心服务器;  a third allocation module, configured to: enable the media gateway to allocate a third endpoint index to the third endpoint, and allocate a corresponding resource to the third endpoint, and then return the result of the allocated endpoint index and operation to the Mobile switching center server;
第四请求模块, 用于使所述移动交换中心服务器请求所述媒体网关在第二 关联中建立第四端点, 使所述第四端点与所述第三端点索引连接起来; 所 述第二关联为: 多方通话发起模块使所述用户建立新多方通话过程中为所 述新多方通话分配的关联;  a fourth requesting module, configured to enable the mobile switching center server to request the media gateway to establish a fourth endpoint in the second association, and connect the fourth endpoint to the third endpoint index; The multi-party call initiation module enables the user to establish an association for the new multi-party call during a new multi-party call;
第四分配模块, 用于使媒体网关为所述第四端点分配第四端点索引, 并为 所述第四端点分配相应的资源; 以及  a fourth allocation module, configured to enable the media gateway to allocate a fourth endpoint index to the fourth endpoint, and allocate corresponding resources to the fourth endpoint;
端点连接模块, 用于使所述第四端点索引与所述第三端点索引连接起来。  An endpoint connection module, configured to connect the fourth endpoint index with the third endpoint index.
[10] 10、 一种多个多方通话连接方法, 用于在软交换网络中将多个会议连接, 其特征在于, 所述方法包括以下步骤: [10] 10. A multi-party call connection method, configured to connect multiple conferences in a softswitch network, wherein the method includes the following steps:
使第一用户暂时离开其所参与的正在进行的第一多方通话, 其中, 所述第 一用户是所述第一多方通话中的主控用户, 所述第一用户驻留在用户设备 上;  And causing the first user to temporarily leave the ongoing first multiparty call, wherein the first user is a master user in the first multiparty call, and the first user resides in the user equipment Upper
使所述第一用户拨打第二用户建立新的呼叫, 其中, 所述第二用户是第二 多方通话中的主控用户, 第二用户驻留在用户设备上; 以及 使所述第一用户加入所述第二多方通话, 使所述第二用户加入所述第一多 方通话中, 从而将所述第一多方通话与所述第二多方通话连接起来。 And causing the first user to dial a second user to establish a new call, where the second user is a master user in a second multiparty call, the second user resides on the user equipment; The user joins the second multiparty call, and the second user joins the first multiparty call, thereby connecting the first multiparty call with the second multiparty call.
[11] 11、 根据权利要求 10 [11] 11. According to claim 10
所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述使第一用户暂时离开其所参与的正在进行 的第一多方通话的步骤包括:  The method of the present invention, wherein the step of causing the first user to temporarily leave the ongoing first multiparty call in which the first user participates includes:
使所述第一用户通过呼叫保持操作暂时离开所述第一多方通话。  The first user is caused to temporarily leave the first multiparty call by a call hold operation.
[12] 12、 根据权利要求 10  [12] 12. According to claim 10
所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述使所述第一用户拨打第二用户建立新的呼 叫的步骤包括:  The method of the present invention, wherein the step of causing the first user to dial a second user to establish a new call includes:
媒体网关根据移动交换中心服务器的请求将所述第二用户在第二多方通话 中的第二端点移动到第一关联中, 并将所述第一关联中的第一用户与所述 第二用户接通; 所述第一关联为: 使所述第一用户暂时离开所述第一多方 通话过程中为所述第一用户创建的关联, 且所述第一用户的第一端点在暂 时离开其所参与的正在进行的第一多方通话过程中移动到第一关联中。  The media gateway moves the second endpoint of the second user in the second multiparty call to the first association according to the request of the mobile switching center server, and the first user and the second one of the first association The first association is: causing the first user to temporarily leave an association created for the first user during the first multiparty call, and the first endpoint of the first user is Move to the first association temporarily while leaving the ongoing first multiparty call in which it participates.
[13] 13、 根据权利要求 12 [13] 13. According to claim 12
所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述使所述第二用户加入所述第一多方通话中 的步骤包括:  The method of the present invention, wherein the step of adding the second user to the first multiparty call comprises:
媒体网关根据移动交换中心服务器的请求将所述第一用户在第一关联中的 第一端点和所述第二端点分别移动到所述第一多方通话的关联中, 从而建 立起所述第一多方通话的用户与所述第二多方通话的用户之间的多方通话  And the media gateway moves the first endpoint and the second endpoint in the first association to the association of the first multiparty call according to the request of the mobile switching center server, thereby establishing the Multiparty call between the user of the first multiparty call and the user of the second multiparty call
[14] 14、 根据权利要求 12 [14] 14. According to claim 12
所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述使所述第一用户加入所述第二多方通话的 步骤包括:  The method of the present invention, wherein the step of adding the first user to the second multiparty call comprises:
媒体网关根据移动交换中心服务器的请求将第二端点移动到所述第二多方 通话所处的第二关联中;  The media gateway moves the second endpoint to the second association in which the second multiparty call is located according to the request of the mobile switching center server;
所述移动交换中心服务器请求所述媒体网关在所述第二关联中建立第三端 点;  The mobile switching center server requests the media gateway to establish a third endpoint in the second association;
所述媒体网关为所述第三端点分配第三端点索引, 并为所述第三端点分配 相应的资源, 然后将分配的端点索引和操作的结果返回给所述移动交换中 心服务器; The media gateway allocates a third endpoint index to the third endpoint, and allocates a corresponding resource to the third endpoint, and then returns the assigned endpoint index and the result of the operation to the mobile switching. Heart server
所述移动交换中心服务器请求所述媒体网关在第一多方通话所处的关联中 建立第四端点, 使所述第四端点与所述第三端点索引连接起来; 所述媒体网关为所述第四端点分配第四端点索引, 并为所述第四端点分配 相应的资源; 以及  The mobile switching center server requests the media gateway to establish a fourth endpoint in an association in which the first multiparty call is located, and connect the fourth endpoint to the third endpoint index; The fourth endpoint allocates a fourth endpoint index, and allocates a corresponding resource to the fourth endpoint;
使所述第四端点索引与所述第三端点索引连接起来。  The fourth endpoint index is coupled to the third endpoint index.
[15] 15、 一种多会议连接装置, 用于在软交换网络中将多个会议连接, 其特征 在于, 所述装置包括:  [15] 15. A multi-conference connection device, configured to connect a plurality of conferences in a softswitch network, wherein the device comprises:
远端用户分离模块, 用于使第一用户暂时离开其所参与的正在进行的第一 多方通话, 其中, 所述第一用户是所述第一会议中的主控用户, 其驻留在 用户设备上;  a remote user separation module, configured to temporarily leave the first user to participate in an ongoing first multiparty call, wherein the first user is a master user in the first conference, and the User equipment;
呼叫发起模块, 用于使所述第一用户拨打第二用户建立新的呼叫, 其中, 所述第二用户是已经存在的所述第二多方通话中的主控用户, 其驻留在用 户设备上; 以及  a call initiating module, configured to enable the first user to dial a second user to establish a new call, where the second user is an already existing master user in the second multiparty call, and the user resides in the user On the device;
连接模块, 用于使所述第一用户加入所述第二多方通话中, 使所述第二用 户加入所述第一多方通话中, 从而将所述第一多方通话与所述第二多方通 话连接起来。  a connection module, configured to join the first user to the second multiparty call, and enable the second user to join the first multiparty call, thereby using the first multiparty call with the first Two multiparty calls are connected.
[16] 16、 根据权利要求 15  [16] 16. According to claim 15
所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述远端用户分离模块包括使所述第一用户通 过呼叫保持操作暂时离开所述第一多方通话的模块。  The device, wherein the remote user separation module comprises a module that causes the first user to temporarily leave the first multiparty call by a call hold operation.
[17] 17、 根据权利要求 15  [17] 17. According to claim 15
所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述远端用户分离模块包括:  The device of the remote user includes:
第一请求模块, 用于使移动交换中心服务器请求媒体网关创建第一关联, 并将所述第一用户的第一端点移动到所述第一关联中;  a first requesting module, configured to: ask the mobile switching center server to request the media gateway to create a first association, and move the first endpoint of the first user to the first association;
第一分配模块, 用于使所述媒体网关分配所述第一关联, 并将所述第一端 点加入到所述第一关联中;  a first allocation module, configured to: allocate, by the media gateway, the first association, and add the first end point to the first association;
所述呼叫发起模块包括:  The call initiation module includes:
拨打模块, 用于使所述第一用户暂时离开了所述第一多方通话后, 拨打所 述第二多方通话中的所述第二用户, 所述第二用户选择接通所述第一用户 的呼叫; 以及 a dialing module, configured to: after the first user temporarily leaves the first multiparty call, dial the location Said second user in the second multiparty call, said second user selecting to switch on the call of said first user;
第一移动模块, 用于使所述媒体网关根据所述移动交换中心服务器的请求 将所述第二多方通话中的第二端点移动到所述第一关联中, 从而将所述第 一用户与所述第二用户接通。  a first mobile module, configured to enable the media gateway to move a second endpoint of the second multiparty call to the first association according to a request of the mobile switching center server, thereby using the first user Connected to the second user.
[18] 18、 根据权利要求 17所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述连接模块包括: 第二移动模块, 用于使所述媒体网关根据所述移动交换中心服务器的请求 将所述第一端点和所述第二端点分别移动到所述第一多方通话的关联中, 从而建立起所述第一多方通话的用户与所述第二多方通话的用户之间的会 议。  [18] 18. The device according to claim 17, wherein the connection module comprises: a second mobility module, configured to: enable the media gateway to perform the first according to a request of the mobile switching center server The endpoint and the second endpoint respectively move to the association of the first multiparty call, thereby establishing a conference between the user of the first multiparty call and the user of the second multiparty call.
[19] 19、 根据权利要求 17所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述连接模块包括: 第三移动模块, 用于使所述媒体网关根据所述移动交换中心服务器的请求 将所述第二端点移动到所述第二多方通话的第二关联中;  [19] 19. The device according to claim 17, wherein the connection module comprises: a third mobile module, configured to enable the media gateway to perform the second according to a request of the mobile switching center server The endpoint moves to the second association of the second multiparty call;
第二请求模块, 用于使所述移动交换中心服务器请求所述媒体网关在所述 第二关联中建立第三端点;  a second requesting module, configured to enable the mobile switching center server to request the media gateway to establish a third endpoint in the second association;
第二分配模块, 用于使所述媒体网关为所述第三端点分配第三端点索引, 并为所述第三端点分配相应的资源, 然后将分配的端点索引和操作的结果 返回给所述移动交换中心服务器;  a second allocation module, configured to enable the media gateway to allocate a third endpoint index to the third endpoint, and allocate a corresponding resource to the third endpoint, and then return the result of the allocated endpoint index and operation to the Mobile switching center server;
第三请求模块, 用于使所述移动交换中心服务器请求所述媒体网关在所述 第一多方通话的关联中建立第四端点, 使所述第四端点与所述第三端点索 引连接起来;  a third requesting module, configured to enable the mobile switching center server to request the media gateway to establish a fourth endpoint in the association of the first multiparty call, and connect the fourth endpoint to the third endpoint index ;
第三分配模块, 用于使所述媒体网关为所述第四端点分配第四端点索引, 并为所述端点分配相应的资源; 以及  a third allocation module, configured to enable the media gateway to allocate a fourth endpoint index to the fourth endpoint, and allocate corresponding resources to the endpoint;
端点连接模块, 用于使所述第四端点索引与所述第三端点索引连接起来。  An endpoint connection module, configured to connect the fourth endpoint index with the third endpoint index.
PCT/CN2007/070191 2006-06-26 2007-06-26 Method and apparatus for connecting multiple multi-party calls WO2008003260A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNB2006100926392A CN100466530C (en) 2006-06-26 2006-06-26 Method and device for connecting multi-conference
CN200610092639.2 2006-06-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008003260A1 true WO2008003260A1 (en) 2008-01-10

Family

ID=38771783

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2007/070191 WO2008003260A1 (en) 2006-06-26 2007-06-26 Method and apparatus for connecting multiple multi-party calls

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN100466530C (en)
WO (1) WO2008003260A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106791001A (en) * 2016-11-24 2017-05-31 维沃移动通信有限公司 A kind of call method and mobile terminal

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101771767B (en) * 2008-12-31 2013-08-07 中兴通讯股份有限公司 System for realizing switching of multiparty call into meeting and method therefor
CN102137080B (en) * 2010-06-30 2014-09-03 华为技术有限公司 Method, device and system for cross-platform conference convergence
CN102404547B (en) * 2011-11-24 2014-04-30 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Method and terminal for realizing video conference cascade
CN106162587A (en) * 2015-04-28 2016-11-23 展讯通信(天津)有限公司 A kind of party call control and mobile terminal
CN106301812B (en) * 2015-05-20 2019-08-20 华为技术有限公司 Multimedia conference realization method, apparatus and system
CN105450427A (en) * 2015-12-25 2016-03-30 邦彦技术股份有限公司 Conference cascading method and device
KR20190033750A (en) * 2017-09-22 2019-04-01 삼성에스디에스 주식회사 Conference system, apparatus and method for mapping attendance information between heterogeneous conferences
CN112309434B (en) * 2020-11-10 2024-04-19 深圳市天彦通信股份有限公司 Network management method and related equipment

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1081932A2 (en) * 1999-08-31 2001-03-07 Lucent Technologies Inc. Call-me conference call system
CN1494302A (en) * 2002-10-28 2004-05-05 深圳市中兴通讯股份有限公司 Method of realizing multiside calling business in flexible exchange system
CN1758692A (en) * 2004-10-06 2006-04-12 乐金电子(中国)研究开发中心有限公司 Calling processing method of three-talking

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20040001204A (en) * 2002-06-27 2004-01-07 주식회사 케이티 Multiparty calling system and method in NGN

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1081932A2 (en) * 1999-08-31 2001-03-07 Lucent Technologies Inc. Call-me conference call system
CN1494302A (en) * 2002-10-28 2004-05-05 深圳市中兴通讯股份有限公司 Method of realizing multiside calling business in flexible exchange system
CN1758692A (en) * 2004-10-06 2006-04-12 乐金电子(中国)研究开发中心有限公司 Calling processing method of three-talking

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106791001A (en) * 2016-11-24 2017-05-31 维沃移动通信有限公司 A kind of call method and mobile terminal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN100466530C (en) 2009-03-04
CN101047533A (en) 2007-10-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2008003260A1 (en) Method and apparatus for connecting multiple multi-party calls
CN110012366B (en) Wide-narrow band converged communication system and method used under public and private network IP interconnection
CN105306757B (en) A kind of multiside calling method and system of synchronisation
CN102123211B (en) Realizing method and system of multi-party calling service
WO2005120035A1 (en) Method and system for interconnecting digital group system and public telephone system
CN109802913B (en) Fusion conference implementation method and device, electronic equipment and readable storage medium
WO2009052746A1 (en) A method for initiating conferences, an application service proxy, a conference server and system
CN101674305B (en) Method and system for realizing multimedia conference
WO2010045812A1 (en) Method, apparatus and system for call switching
WO2007028304A1 (en) Method and system for realizing group calling service
WO2008025230A1 (en) Method and system to achieve cluster communication service
EP2091179B1 (en) Method and system for controlling conference
CN101217601A (en) A blind transferring operation method and device
CN101163028B (en) Method of implementing soft switch traffic console session function
CN100463404C (en) Method for implementing telephone conference service by using media resource server
WO2011157076A1 (en) Method, system and access gateway for realizing multiple-party conference service
CN102316228B (en) The methods, devices and systems of attendant intrusion call are realized in central office service
CN102118354A (en) Call center cooperative implementation method and call center cooperative system
CN102664863B (en) Method, device, and system for realizing call waiting by user equipment
EP3160118B1 (en) System and method for setting up a group call
CN101459897A (en) Media negotiation method in forwarding service
CN109618293B (en) Three-party call method based on Volte network
CN1607800B (en) A method for implementing enhanced call control and network system thereof
CN108616496A (en) Implementation method, device, mostly logical terminal and the network side equipment of multi-party call
CN109413291B (en) Method for carrying out telephone conference by using distributed architecture

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 07721802

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: RU

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 07721802

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1