WO2008000882A1 - Rotary joint for wind-powered generators - Google Patents

Rotary joint for wind-powered generators Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008000882A1
WO2008000882A1 PCT/ES2007/070120 ES2007070120W WO2008000882A1 WO 2008000882 A1 WO2008000882 A1 WO 2008000882A1 ES 2007070120 W ES2007070120 W ES 2007070120W WO 2008000882 A1 WO2008000882 A1 WO 2008000882A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
rotary joint
section
housing
shaft
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2007/070120
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
David Grijalba Hernandez
Allan Kilian
Mogens Christensen
Original Assignee
Gamesa Innovation & Technology, S.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gamesa Innovation & Technology, S.L. filed Critical Gamesa Innovation & Technology, S.L.
Publication of WO2008000882A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008000882A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/60—Control system actuates through
    • F05B2270/604—Control system actuates through hydraulic actuators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rotary joint of the type used in wind turbines with hydraulic or electric blade pitch control. These joints allow to pump a fluid, transmit signals and electrical supply from the gondola or nacelle, to the rotor, which is rotating.
  • EP1105645B1 shows a method and mechanism for adjusting / controlling the passage of at least one blade of a wind turbine relative to a wind direction parallel to a main longitudinal axis of the wind turbine.
  • this patent refers to a mechanism for orienting a blade that rotates about its longitudinal axis, when the means for activating the mechanism are located both on the back of the main longitudinal axis and on the front of it.
  • the present invention proposes an apparatus that solves the problems present in the state of the art indicated above, by locating the rotary joint that can comprise a hydraulic rotary joint and an electric rotary joint either inside the rotor, or inside of the main axis. With this arrangement, the hoses / cables through the powertrain do not rotate, and therefore are not subject to unwanted wear caused by a rotation.
  • the invention describes a rotary joint for wind turbines comprising: a gondola; a rotor; An energy transfer system.
  • the rotary union allows energy to be transmitted between static ducts such as pipes / wiring in the gondola and rotating ducts such as pipes / wiring in the rotor and the aforementioned rotating union comprises: an axis fixed to the gondola, internally and substantially parallel to the rotor, which has means of energy conduction extending from a first end oriented towards the gondola, to a second end opposite the first end and oriented towards the rotor and a rotating energy transfer joint connected to the second end.
  • the energy transfer system may comprise a hydraulic system for transferring a pumped fluid from static pipes in the gondola to rotary pipes in the rotor so that the rotary joint comprises a hydraulic rotary joint.
  • the energy transfer system may further comprise a first electrical system for transporting a supply of electrical energy from first static cables in the gondola to first rotary cables in the rotor such that the rotary union comprises an electrical rotary union.
  • the energy transfer system may also comprise a second electrical system for transmitting an electrical signal from second rotating wires in the rotor to second static wires in the gondola so that the rotating joint comprises an electric rotating joint.
  • the shaft may comprise: a first fluid feed inlet and a first fluid return outlet at the first end; a first fluid feed outlet and a first fluid return inlet at the second end;
  • the hydraulic rotary joint may comprise: a first housing connected to the rotor so that the first housing rotates at rotor speed; a second fluid feed inlet connected to the first fluid feed outlet; a second fluid return outlet connected to the first return inlet of fluid; a second fluid feed outlet in the first housing connected to a third fluid feed inlet located in the rotor; a second fluid return inlet in the first housing connected to a third fluid return outlet located in the rotor.
  • the shaft can further comprise internal electrical conduction means extending from: the first end having a first electrical connection to; the second end having a second electrical connection;
  • An electric rotary joint may be located next to the hydraulic rotary joint, connected to the second end and have: a second housing connected to a selected fixture between the rotor, the first housing and combinations thereof, so that the second housing rotates to rotor speed; a first junction box connected to the second electrical connection; at least a second junction box or friction rings in the second housing connected to a third electrical connection located in the rotor.
  • the rotary joint of the invention can also be installed in a wind turbine comprising a multiplier having an input shaft coupled to the rotor and an output shaft.
  • the rotating union can be installed in a wind turbine which also comprises a generator coupled to the output shaft.
  • the axis of the rotating union may comprise: a first section between the second end and the multiplier, said first section being removable from; a second section between the multiplier and the hydraulic rotary union.
  • the axis may comprise: a first section between the second end and the multiplier, said first section being removable from; a second section between the multiplier and an adapter; a third section between the adapter and the hydraulic rotary union; the second section, the third section and the adapter being removable from each other.
  • the first section may be an axis where a plurality of components of the generator rotate, just as the second section can be an axis where a plurality of components of the multiplier rotate.
  • the second fluid feed outlet can be perpendicular to the direction of the rotor shaft.
  • the second fluid return inlet can be perpendicular to the direction of the rotor.
  • the generator may be fixed to the gondola in a housing;
  • the rotary joint may further comprise a hollow coupling between the multiplier and the generator.
  • the generator may be fixed to the multiplier.
  • the coupling may be located behind the generator.
  • the second end may be fixed to the generator housing.
  • the rotary joint may comprise a hollow main shaft connected between the rotor and the multiplier so that the hollow main shaft and the inner shaft rotate at a rotor speed determined by the rotor.
  • the shaft can be substantially concentric with the hollow main shaft.
  • the hydraulic rotary joint can be located either inside the hollow main shaft or inside the rotor.
  • the electric rotary joint can be located either inside the hollow main shaft or inside the rotor.
  • the hydraulic system can be a blade pitch angle control
  • Figure 1 is an overall view of the components of the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a detailed view of the rotary joint.
  • Figure 3 is a diagram of the rotary joint.
  • Figure 1 shows the arrangement of a rotary joint in a wind turbine comprising a gondola (1), a rotor (2), a multiplier (3) having an input shaft coupled to the rotor (2) and an output shaft, a generator (7) coupled to the output shaft and a hydraulic system.
  • the rotating union comprises: an axis (5) fixed to the gondola (1), internal and substantially parallel to the rotor (2), having; the first end of a first fluid feed inlet (511) and a first fluid return outlet (500); the second end of a first fluid feed outlet (510) and a first fluid return inlet (501); a hydraulic rotary joint (6) connected to the second end which has: a first housing (60) connected to the rotor (2) for the first housing to rotate at rotor speed (2); a second fluid feed inlet (611) connected to the first fluid feed outlet (510); a second fluid return outlet (600) connected to the first fluid return inlet (501); a second fluid feed outlet (610) in the first housing connected to a third fluid feed inlet (211) located in the rotor (2); a second fluid return inlet (601) in the first housing connected to a third fluid return outlet (200) located in the rotor (2).
  • hydraulic rotary joint (6) is provided with: a second fluid feed inlet (611); a second fluid feed outlet (610); a second fluid return inlet (601); a second fluid return outlet (600);
  • the rotor (2) is provided with: a third fluid feed inlet (211); a third fluid return outlet (200).
  • the axis (5) of the rotary joint may comprise: a first section between the second end and the multiplier (3), said first section being removable from; a second section between the multiplier (3) and an adapter (9); a third section between the adapter (9) and the hydraulic rotary joint (6); the second section, the third section and the adapter (9) being removable from each other.
  • the generator (7) is fixed to the gondola (1) in a housing;
  • the rotating union further comprises a hollow coupling (8) between the multiplier
  • the rotary joint may comprise a hollow main shaft (4) connected between the rotor (2) and the multiplier (3) so that the hollow main shaft (4) and the inner shaft rotate to a rotor speed determined by the rotor
  • the shaft (5) may further comprise internal electrical conduction means extending from: the first end having a first electrical connection (51) to; the second end having a second electrical connection (52); further comprising the rotary joint: an electric rotary joint (10) following the hydraulic rotary joint (6), connected to the first end and having: a second housing connected to a selected fixture between the rotor (2), the first housing and combinations thereof, so that the second housing rotates at the rotor speed (2); a first junction box (101) connected to the second electrical connection (52); at least a second junction box or friction rings (102) in the second housing connected to a third electrical connection (23) located in the rotor (2).
  • internal electrical conduction means extending from: the first end having a first electrical connection (51) to; the second end having a second electrical connection (52); further comprising the rotary joint: an electric rotary joint (10) following the hydraulic rotary joint (6), connected to the first end and having: a second housing connected to a selected fixture between the rotor (2), the first housing and combinations thereof, so

Abstract

Rotary joint for wind-powered generators for transferring a pumped fluid from the pod (1) to the rotor (2), which has a conduit (5) fixed to the pod (1), inside and substantially parallel to the shaft of the rotor (2), which has hydraulic and electrical conduction means that have a first end oriented towards the pod (1) where neither the cables nor the hydraulic hoses rotate, a second end, opposite the first end, provided with a first inlet for fluid to the hydraulic rotary joint (6) and a second inlet for cables connected to the electrical rotary joint (10). The hydraulic and electrical rotary joints convert their static input into a rotary output at the speed of the shaft (4) and of the rotor (2).

Description

UNIÓN ROTATIVA PARA AEROGENERADORES ROTARY UNION FOR AEROGENERATORS
Campo de la invenciónField of the Invention
La invención se refiere a una unión rotativa del tipo de las usadas en aerogeneradores con control de paso de pala hidráulico o eléctrico. Estas uniones permiten bombear un fluido, transmitir señales y suministro eléctrico desde la góndola o nacelle, al rotor, que está girando.The invention relates to a rotary joint of the type used in wind turbines with hydraulic or electric blade pitch control. These joints allow to pump a fluid, transmit signals and electrical supply from the gondola or nacelle, to the rotor, which is rotating.
Antecedentes de la invención Son conocidas en el estado de la técnica distintas disposiciones para bombear un fluido desde la góndola o nacelle al rotor.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Various arrangements for pumping a fluid from the gondola or nacelle to the rotor are known in the state of the art.
EP1105645B1 muestra un método y un mecanismo para ajustar/controlar el paso de al menos una pala de un aerogenerador respecto a una dirección de viento paralela a un eje longitudinal principal del aerogenerador. No obstante, esta patente se refiere a un mecanismo para orientar una pala que rota en torno a su eje longitudinal, cuando los medios de activación del mecanismo se encuentran tanto en la parte posterior del eje longitudinal principal como en la parte anterior de este.EP1105645B1 shows a method and mechanism for adjusting / controlling the passage of at least one blade of a wind turbine relative to a wind direction parallel to a main longitudinal axis of the wind turbine. However, this patent refers to a mechanism for orienting a blade that rotates about its longitudinal axis, when the means for activating the mechanism are located both on the back of the main longitudinal axis and on the front of it.
El resto de soluciones para enviar aceite hidráulico o suministro eléctrico para variar el paso de las palas, disponen de una junta rotativa en el interior de la nacelle, bien detrás de la multiplicadora, bien detrás del generador. Con esta disposición las mangueras y cables forzosamente han de girar y por tanto están sujetas a un desgaste no deseado debido a la mencionada rotación.The rest of the solutions to send hydraulic oil or power supply to vary the pitch of the blades, have a rotating joint inside the nacelle, either behind the multiplier, or behind the generator. With this arrangement the hoses and cables necessarily have to rotate and therefore are subject to unwanted wear due to said rotation.
Descripción de la invención La presente invención propone un aparato que soluciona los problemas presentes en el estado de la técnica señalados anteriormente, al situar la unión rotativa que puede comprender una unión rotativa hidráulica y una unión rotativa eléctrica bien dentro del rotor, bien en el interior del eje principal. Con esta disposición, las mangueras/cables a través del tren motriz no giran, y por tanto no están sujetas a un desgaste no deseado causado por una rotación.DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention proposes an apparatus that solves the problems present in the state of the art indicated above, by locating the rotary joint that can comprise a hydraulic rotary joint and an electric rotary joint either inside the rotor, or inside of the main axis. With this arrangement, the hoses / cables through the powertrain do not rotate, and therefore are not subject to unwanted wear caused by a rotation.
De acuerdo con un primer aspecto, la invención describe a una unión rotativa para aerogeneradores que comprenden: una góndola; un rotor; un sistema de transferencia de energía.According to a first aspect, the invention describes a rotary joint for wind turbines comprising: a gondola; a rotor; An energy transfer system.
La unión rotativa permite transmitir energía entre conductos estáticos como tuberías/cableados en la góndola y conductos rotativos como tuberías/cableados en el rotor y la mencionada unión rotativa comprende: un eje fijado a la góndola, interno y sustancialmente paralelo al rotor, que tiene medios de conducción de energía que se extienden desde un primer extremo orientado hacia la góndola, hasta un segundo extremo opuesto al primer extremo y orientado hacia el rotor y una unión rotativa de transferencia de energía conectada al segundo extremo.The rotary union allows energy to be transmitted between static ducts such as pipes / wiring in the gondola and rotating ducts such as pipes / wiring in the rotor and the aforementioned rotating union comprises: an axis fixed to the gondola, internally and substantially parallel to the rotor, which has means of energy conduction extending from a first end oriented towards the gondola, to a second end opposite the first end and oriented towards the rotor and a rotating energy transfer joint connected to the second end.
El sistema de transferencia de energía puede comprender un sistema hidráulico para transferir un fluido bombeado desde tuberías estáticas en la góndola a tuberías rotativas en el rotor de forma que la unión rotativa comprende una unión rotativa hidráulica.The energy transfer system may comprise a hydraulic system for transferring a pumped fluid from static pipes in the gondola to rotary pipes in the rotor so that the rotary joint comprises a hydraulic rotary joint.
El sistema de transferencia de energía puede además comprender un primer sistema eléctrico para transportar un suministro de energía eléctrica desde primeros cables estáticos en la góndola a primeros cables rotativos en el rotor de forma que la unión rotativa comprende una unión rotativa eléctrica.The energy transfer system may further comprise a first electrical system for transporting a supply of electrical energy from first static cables in the gondola to first rotary cables in the rotor such that the rotary union comprises an electrical rotary union.
El sistema de transferencia de energía también puede comprender un segundo sistema eléctrico para transmitir una señal eléctrica desde segundos cables rotativos en el rotor a segundos cables estáticos en la góndola de forma que la unión rotativa comprende una unión rotativa eléctrica.The energy transfer system may also comprise a second electrical system for transmitting an electrical signal from second rotating wires in the rotor to second static wires in the gondola so that the rotating joint comprises an electric rotating joint.
En la unión rotativa de la invención: el eje puede comprender: una primera entrada de alimentación de fluido y una primera salida de retorno de fluido en el primer extremo; una primera salida de alimentación de fluido y una primera entrada de retorno de fluido en el segundo extremo; la unión rotativa hidráulica puede comprender: una primera carcasa conectada al rotor para que la primera carcasa gire a velocidad de rotor; una segunda entrada de alimentación de fluido conectada a la primera salida de alimentación de fluido; una segunda salida de retorno de fluido conectada a la primera entrada de retorno de fluido; una segunda salida de alimentación de fluido en la primera carcasa conectada a una tercera entrada de alimentación de fluido situada en el rotor; una segunda entrada de retorno de fluido en la primera carcasa conectada a una tercera salida de retorno de fluido situada en el rotor.In the rotary joint of the invention: the shaft may comprise: a first fluid feed inlet and a first fluid return outlet at the first end; a first fluid feed outlet and a first fluid return inlet at the second end; The hydraulic rotary joint may comprise: a first housing connected to the rotor so that the first housing rotates at rotor speed; a second fluid feed inlet connected to the first fluid feed outlet; a second fluid return outlet connected to the first return inlet of fluid; a second fluid feed outlet in the first housing connected to a third fluid feed inlet located in the rotor; a second fluid return inlet in the first housing connected to a third fluid return outlet located in the rotor.
Adicionalmente, en la unión rotativa de la invención: el eje puede además comprender medios internos de conducción eléctrica que se extienden desde: el primer extremo que tiene una primera conexión eléctrica a; el segundo extremo que tiene una segunda conexión eléctrica; una unión rotativa eléctrica puede estar situada a continuación de la unión rotativa hidráulica, conectada al segundo extremo y tener: una segunda carcasa conectada a una fijación seleccionada entre el rotor, la primera carcasa y combinaciones de los mismos, para que la segunda carcasa gire a la velocidad de rotor; una primera caja de conexiones conectada a la segunda conexión eléctrica; al menos una segunda caja de conexiones o anillos rozantes en la segunda carcasa conectada a una tercera conexión eléctrica situada en el rotor.Additionally, in the rotary joint of the invention: the shaft can further comprise internal electrical conduction means extending from: the first end having a first electrical connection to; the second end having a second electrical connection; An electric rotary joint may be located next to the hydraulic rotary joint, connected to the second end and have: a second housing connected to a selected fixture between the rotor, the first housing and combinations thereof, so that the second housing rotates to rotor speed; a first junction box connected to the second electrical connection; at least a second junction box or friction rings in the second housing connected to a third electrical connection located in the rotor.
La unión rotativa de la invención también puede estar instalada en un aerogenerador que comprende una multiplicadora que tiene un eje de entrada acoplado al rotor y un eje de salida. Asimismo, la unión rotativa puede estar instalada en un aerogenerador que además comprende un generador acoplado al eje de salida.The rotary joint of the invention can also be installed in a wind turbine comprising a multiplier having an input shaft coupled to the rotor and an output shaft. Likewise, the rotating union can be installed in a wind turbine which also comprises a generator coupled to the output shaft.
Por otro lado, el eje de la unión rotativa puede comprender: un primer tramo entre el segundo extremo y la multiplicadora, siendo dicho primer tramo desmontable de; un segundo tramo entre la multiplicadora y la unión rotativa hidráulica.On the other hand, the axis of the rotating union may comprise: a first section between the second end and the multiplier, said first section being removable from; a second section between the multiplier and the hydraulic rotary union.
Alternativamente, el eje puede comprender: un primer tramo entre el segundo extremo y la multiplicadora, siendo dicho primer tramo desmontable de; un segundo tramo entre la multiplicadora y un adaptador; un tercer tramo entre el adaptador y la unión rotativa hidráulica; siendo el segundo tramo, el tercer tramo y el adaptador desmontables unos de otros.Alternatively, the axis may comprise: a first section between the second end and the multiplier, said first section being removable from; a second section between the multiplier and an adapter; a third section between the adapter and the hydraulic rotary union; the second section, the third section and the adapter being removable from each other.
Asimismo, el primer tramo puede ser un eje donde una pluralidad de componentes del generador rotan, así como el segundo tramo puede ser un eje donde una pluralidad de componentes de la multiplicadora rotan.Also, the first section may be an axis where a plurality of components of the generator rotate, just as the second section can be an axis where a plurality of components of the multiplier rotate.
En la unión rotativa, la segunda salida de alimentación del fluido puede ser perpendicular a la dirección del eje del rotor. Análogamente, la segunda entrada de retorno del fluido puede ser perpendicular a la dirección del rotor.In the rotary joint, the second fluid feed outlet can be perpendicular to the direction of the rotor shaft. Similarly, the second fluid return inlet can be perpendicular to the direction of the rotor.
En la unión rotativa de la invención: el generador puede estar fijado a la góndola en un alojamiento; la unión rotativa puede además comprender un acoplamiento hueco entre la multiplicadora y el generador. Alternativamente, el generador puede estar fijado a la multiplicadora.In the rotary joint of the invention: the generator may be fixed to the gondola in a housing; The rotary joint may further comprise a hollow coupling between the multiplier and the generator. Alternatively, the generator may be fixed to the multiplier.
Alternativamente, el acoplamiento puede estar situado detrás del generador. Adicionalmente, el segundo extremo puede estar fijado al alojamiento del generador. La unión rotativa puede comprender un eje principal hueco conectado entre el rotor y la multiplicadora para que el eje principal hueco y el eje interno giren a una velocidad de rotor determinada por el rotor.Alternatively, the coupling may be located behind the generator. Additionally, the second end may be fixed to the generator housing. The rotary joint may comprise a hollow main shaft connected between the rotor and the multiplier so that the hollow main shaft and the inner shaft rotate at a rotor speed determined by the rotor.
Opcionalmente, el eje puede ser sustancialmente concéntrico con el eje principal hueco.Optionally, the shaft can be substantially concentric with the hollow main shaft.
La unión rotativa hidráulica puede estar localizada bien dentro del eje principal hueco o bien dentro del rotor. La unión rotativa eléctrica puede estar localizada bien dentro del eje principal hueco o bien dentro del rotor.The hydraulic rotary joint can be located either inside the hollow main shaft or inside the rotor. The electric rotary joint can be located either inside the hollow main shaft or inside the rotor.
El sistema hidráulico puede ser un control de ángulo de paso de palaThe hydraulic system can be a blade pitch angle control
Breve descripción de los dibujos A continuación se pasa a describir de manera muy breve una serie de dibujos que ayudan a comprender mejor la invención y que se relacionan expresamente con una realización de dicha invención que se presenta como un ejemplo no limitativo de ésta. La Figura 1 es una vista en conjunto de los componentes de la invención. La Figura 2 es una vista en detalle de la unión rotativa. La Figura 3 es un esquema de la unión rotativa.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS A series of drawings that help to better understand the invention and that expressly relate to an embodiment of said invention that is presented as a non-limiting example thereof is described very briefly below. Figure 1 is an overall view of the components of the invention. Figure 2 is a detailed view of the rotary joint. Figure 3 is a diagram of the rotary joint.
Descripción de una realización preferida de la invención Seguidamente se describe, con ayuda de las figuras, una realización preferida de la invención. La figura 1 muestra la disposición de una unión rotativa en un aerogenerador que comprende una góndola (1), un rotor (2), una multiplicadora (3) que tiene un eje de entrada acoplado al rotor (2) y un eje de salida, un generador (7) acoplado al eje de salida y un sistema hidráulico. En las figuras 1, 2 y 3 se muestra que la unión rotativa comprende: un eje (5) fijado a la góndola (1), interno y sustancialmente paralelo al rotor (2), disponiendo; el primer extremo de una primera entrada de alimentación de fluido (511) y de una primera salida de retorno de fluido (500); el segundo extremo de una primera salida de alimentación de fluido (510) y de una primera entrada de retorno de fluido (501); una unión rotativa hidráulica (6) conectada al segundo extremo que tiene: una primera carcasa (60) conectada al rotor (2) para que la primera carcasa gire a velocidad de rotor (2); una segunda entrada de alimentación de fluido (611) conectada a la primera salida de alimentación de fluido (510); una segunda salida de retorno de fluido (600) conectada a la primera entrada de retorno de fluido (501); una segunda salida de alimentación de fluido (610) en la primera carcasa conectada a una tercera entrada de alimentación de fluido (211) situada en el rotor (2); una segunda entrada de retorno de fluido (601) en la primera carcasa conectada a una tercera salida de retorno de fluido (200) situada en el rotor (2). El significado de las referencias numéricas, centena-decena-unidad (ijk) para las entradas/salidas de alimentación/retorno del fluido que pueden verse en las figuras 2 y 3 es el siguiente: i-centena: 2 indica que es un elemento del rotor, 5 que es un elemento del eje, 6 que se refiere a un elemento de la unión hidráulica rotativa; j-decena: indica el sentido del circuito del fluido: 1 se refiere al circuito de alimentación mientras que 0 se refiere al circuito de retorno; k-unidad: indica el tipo de conexión, o toma: 1 para entrada, 0 para salida. Es decir, que el eje (5) está provisto de: una primera entrada de alimentación de fluido (511); una primera salida de alimentación de fluido (510); una primera entrada de retorno de fluido (501); una primera salida de retorno de fluido (500);DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Next, with the aid of the figures, a preferred embodiment of the invention is described invention. Figure 1 shows the arrangement of a rotary joint in a wind turbine comprising a gondola (1), a rotor (2), a multiplier (3) having an input shaft coupled to the rotor (2) and an output shaft, a generator (7) coupled to the output shaft and a hydraulic system. In Figures 1, 2 and 3 it is shown that the rotating union comprises: an axis (5) fixed to the gondola (1), internal and substantially parallel to the rotor (2), having; the first end of a first fluid feed inlet (511) and a first fluid return outlet (500); the second end of a first fluid feed outlet (510) and a first fluid return inlet (501); a hydraulic rotary joint (6) connected to the second end which has: a first housing (60) connected to the rotor (2) for the first housing to rotate at rotor speed (2); a second fluid feed inlet (611) connected to the first fluid feed outlet (510); a second fluid return outlet (600) connected to the first fluid return inlet (501); a second fluid feed outlet (610) in the first housing connected to a third fluid feed inlet (211) located in the rotor (2); a second fluid return inlet (601) in the first housing connected to a third fluid return outlet (200) located in the rotor (2). The meaning of the numerical references, hundreds-ten-unit (ijk) for the fluid supply / return inputs / outputs that can be seen in Figures 2 and 3 is as follows: i-hundred: 2 indicates that it is an element of the rotor, 5 which is an element of the shaft, 6 which refers to an element of the rotary hydraulic joint; j-ten: indicates the direction of the fluid circuit: 1 refers to the supply circuit while 0 refers to the return circuit; k-unit: indicates the type of connection, or socket: 1 for input, 0 for output. That is, the shaft (5) is provided with: a first fluid feed inlet (511); a first fluid feed outlet (510); a first fluid return inlet (501); a first fluid return outlet (500);
Mientras que la unión rotativa hidráulica (6) está provista de: una segunda entrada de alimentación de fluido (611); una segunda salida de alimentación de fluido (610); una segunda entrada de retorno de fluido (601); una segunda salida de retorno de fluido (600);While the hydraulic rotary joint (6) is provided with: a second fluid feed inlet (611); a second fluid feed outlet (610); a second fluid return inlet (601); a second fluid return outlet (600);
Y el rotor (2) está provisto de: una tercera entrada de alimentación de fluido (211); una tercera salida de retorno de fluido (200). Como se muestra en la figura 1, el eje (5) de la unión rotativa puede comprender: un primer tramo entre el segundo extremo y la multiplicadora (3), siendo el mencionado primer tramo desmontable de; un segundo tramo entre la multiplicadora (3) y un adaptador (9); un tercer tramo entre el adaptador (9) y la unión rotativa hidráulica (6); siendo el segundo tramo, el tercer tramo y el adaptador (9) desmontables unos de otros.And the rotor (2) is provided with: a third fluid feed inlet (211); a third fluid return outlet (200). As shown in Figure 1, the axis (5) of the rotary joint may comprise: a first section between the second end and the multiplier (3), said first section being removable from; a second section between the multiplier (3) and an adapter (9); a third section between the adapter (9) and the hydraulic rotary joint (6); the second section, the third section and the adapter (9) being removable from each other.
Conforme a una realización de la invención: el generador (7) está fijado a la góndola (1) en un alojamiento; la unión rotativa además comprende un acoplamiento hueco (8) entre la multiplicadoraAccording to an embodiment of the invention: the generator (7) is fixed to the gondola (1) in a housing; The rotating union further comprises a hollow coupling (8) between the multiplier
(3) y el generador (7). Asimismo, como se ve en la figura 1, la unión rotativa puede comprender un eje principal hueco (4) conectado entre el rotor (2) y la multiplicadora (3) para que el eje principal hueco (4) y el eje interno giren a una velocidad de rotor determinada por el rotor(3) and the generator (7). Also, as seen in Figure 1, the rotary joint may comprise a hollow main shaft (4) connected between the rotor (2) and the multiplier (3) so that the hollow main shaft (4) and the inner shaft rotate to a rotor speed determined by the rotor
(2).(2).
Adicionalmente, como se muestra en la figura 2, y especialmente en la figura 3, el eje (5) puede además comprender medios internos de conducción eléctrica que se extienden desde: el primer extremo que tiene una primera conexión eléctrica (51) a; el segundo extremo que tiene una segunda conexión eléctrica (52); comprendiendo además la unión rotativa: una unión rotativa eléctrica (10) a continuación de la unión rotativa hidráulica (6), conectada al primer extremo y que tiene: una segunda carcasa conectada a una fijación seleccionada entre el rotor (2), la primera carcasa y combinaciones de los mismos, para que la segunda carcasa gire a la velocidad de rotor (2); una primera caja de conexiones (101) conectada a la segunda conexión eléctrica (52); al menos una segunda caja de conexiones o anillos rozantes (102) en la segunda carcasa conectada a una tercera conexión eléctrica (23) situada en el rotor (2). Additionally, as shown in Figure 2, and especially in Figure 3, the shaft (5) may further comprise internal electrical conduction means extending from: the first end having a first electrical connection (51) to; the second end having a second electrical connection (52); further comprising the rotary joint: an electric rotary joint (10) following the hydraulic rotary joint (6), connected to the first end and having: a second housing connected to a selected fixture between the rotor (2), the first housing and combinations thereof, so that the second housing rotates at the rotor speed (2); a first junction box (101) connected to the second electrical connection (52); at least a second junction box or friction rings (102) in the second housing connected to a third electrical connection (23) located in the rotor (2).

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Una unión rotativa para aerogeneradores que comprenden: una góndola (1); un rotor (2); un sistema de transferencia de energía; para transmitir energía entre tuberías/cableados estáticos en la góndola (1) y tuberías/cableados rotativos en el rotor (2); caracterizada porque la unión rotativa comprende: un eje (5) fijado a la góndola (1), interno y sustancialmente paralelo al rotor (2), que tiene medios de conducción de energía que se extienden desde un primer extremo orientado hacia la góndola (1), hasta un segundo extremo opuesto al primer extremo y orientado hacia el rotor (2) y una unión rotativa de transferencia de energía (6, 10) conectada al segundo extremo.1. A rotating union for wind turbines comprising: a gondola (1); a rotor (2); an energy transfer system; for transmitting energy between static pipes / wiring in the gondola (1) and rotating pipes / wiring in the rotor (2); characterized in that the rotating union comprises: an axis (5) fixed to the gondola (1), internally and substantially parallel to the rotor (2), which has means for conducting energy that extend from a first end oriented towards the gondola (1 ), to a second end opposite the first end and oriented towards the rotor (2) and a rotating energy transfer joint (6, 10) connected to the second end.
2. La unión rotativa de la reivindicación 1 caracterizada porque el sistema de transferencia de energía comprende un sistema hidráulico para transferir un fluido bombeado desde tuberías estáticas en la góndola (1) a tuberías rotativas en el rotor (2) de forma que la unión rotativa comprende una unión rotativa hidráulica (6).2. The rotary joint of claim 1 characterized in that the energy transfer system comprises a hydraulic system for transferring a pumped fluid from static pipes in the gondola (1) to rotary pipes in the rotor (2) so that the rotary union It comprises a hydraulic rotary joint (6).
3. La unión rotativa de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1-2 caracterizada porque el sistema de transferencia de energía además comprende un primer sistema eléctrico para transportar un suministro de energía eléctrica desde primeros cables estáticos en la góndola (1) a primeros cables rotativos en el rotor (2) de forma que la unión rotativa comprende una unión rotativa eléctrica (10).3. The rotating union of any one of claims 1-2 characterized in that the energy transfer system further comprises a first electrical system for transporting a supply of electrical energy from first static cables in the gondola (1) to first rotating cables in the rotor (2) so that the rotary joint comprises an electric rotary joint (10).
4. La unión rotativa de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1-3 caracterizada porque el sistema de transferencia de energía además comprende un segundo sistema eléctrico para transmitir una señal eléctrica desde segundos cables rotativos en el rotor (2) a segundos cables estáticos en la góndola (1) de forma que la unión rotativa comprende una unión rotativa eléctrica (10).4. The rotating union of any one of claims 1-3 characterized in that the energy transfer system further comprises a second electrical system for transmitting an electrical signal from second rotating cables in the rotor (2) to second static cables in the gondola ( 1) so that the rotary joint comprises an electric rotary joint (10).
5. La unión rotativa de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 2-4 caracterizada porque: el eje (5) comprende: una primera entrada de alimentación de fluido (511) y una primera salida de retorno de fluido (500) en el primer extremo; una primera salida de alimentación de fluido (510) y una primera entrada de retorno de fluido (501) en el segundo extremo; la unión rotativa hidráulica (6) comprende: una primera carcasa (60) conectada al rotor (2) para que la primera carcasa (60) gire a velocidad de rotor (2); una segunda entrada de alimentación de fluido (611) conectada a la primera salida de alimentación de fluido (510); una segunda salida de retorno de fluido (600) conectada a la primera entrada de retorno de fluido (501); una segunda salida de alimentación de fluido (610) en la primera carcasa (60) conectada a una tercera entrada de alimentación de fluido (211) situada en el rotor (2); una segunda entrada de retorno de fluido (601) en la primera carcasa (60) conectada a una tercera salida de retorno de fluido (200) situada en el rotor (2).5. The rotary joint of any of claims 2-4 characterized in that: the shaft (5) comprises: a first fluid feed inlet (511) and a first fluid return outlet (500) at the first end; a first fluid feed outlet (510) and a first fluid return inlet (501) at the second end; The hydraulic rotary joint (6) comprises: a first housing (60) connected to the rotor (2) for the first housing (60) to rotate at rotor speed (2); a second fluid feed inlet (611) connected to the first fluid feed outlet (510); a second fluid return outlet (600) connected to the first fluid return inlet (501); a second fluid feed outlet (610) in the first housing (60) connected to a third fluid feed inlet (211) located in the rotor (2); a second fluid return inlet (601) in the first housing (60) connected to a third fluid return outlet (200) located in the rotor (2).
6. La unión rotativa de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 3-5 caracterizada porque: el eje (5) además comprende medios internos de conducción eléctrica que se extienden desde: el primer extremo que tiene una primera conexión eléctrica (51) a; el segundo extremo que tiene una segunda conexión eléctrica (52); una unión rotativa eléctrica (10) está situada a continuación de la unión rotativa hidráulica (6), conectada al segundo extremo y que tiene: una segunda carcasa conectada a una fijación seleccionada entre el rotor (2), la primera carcasa y combinaciones de los mismos, para que la segunda carcasa gire a la velocidad de rotor (2); una primera caja de conexiones (101) conectada a la segunda conexión eléctrica (52); al menos una segunda caja de conexiones (102) en la segunda carcasa conectada a una tercera conexión eléctrica (23) situada en el rotor (2).6. The rotary joint of any one of claims 3-5 characterized in that: the shaft (5) further comprises internal electrical conduction means extending from: the first end having a first electrical connection (51) to; the second end having a second electrical connection (52); An electric rotary joint (10) is located next to the hydraulic rotary joint (6), connected to the second end and having: a second housing connected to a selected fixing between the rotor (2), the first housing and combinations of the same, so that the second housing rotates at the rotor speed (2); a first junction box (101) connected to the second electrical connection (52); at least a second junction box (102) in the second housing connected to a third electrical connection (23) located in the rotor (2).
7. La unión rotativa de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1-6 caracterizada porque el aerogenerador además comprende: una multiplic adora (3) que tiene un eje de entrada acoplado al rotor (2) y un eje de salida.7. The rotating union of any of claims 1-6 characterized in that the wind turbine further comprises: a multiply adora (3) having an input shaft coupled to the rotor (2) and an output shaft.
8. La unión rotativa de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1-7 caracterizada porque el aerogenerador además comprende: un generador (7) acoplado al eje de salida.8. The rotating union of any of claims 1-7 characterized in that the wind turbine further comprises: a generator (7) coupled to the output shaft.
9. La unión rotativa de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 7-8 caracterizada porque el eje (5) comprende: un primer tramo entre el segundo extremo y la multiplicadora (3), siendo dicho primer tramo desmontable de; un segundo tramo entre la multiplicadora (3) y la unión rotativa hidráulica (6).9. The rotary joint of any of claims 7-8 characterized in that the shaft (5) comprises: a first section between the second end and the multiplier (3), said first section being removable from; a second section between the multiplier (3) and the hydraulic rotary union (6).
10. La unión rotativa de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 7-8 caracterizada porque el eje (5) comprende: un primer tramo entre el segundo extremo y la multiplicadora (3), siendo dicho primer tramo desmontable de; un segundo tramo entre la multiplicadora (3) y un adaptador (9); un tercer tramo entre el adaptador (9) y la unión rotativa hidráulica (6); siendo el segundo tramo, el tercer tramo y el adaptador (9) desmontables unos de otros.10. The rotary joint of any one of claims 7-8 characterized in that the shaft (5) comprises: a first section between the second end and the multiplier (3), said first section being removable from; a second section between the multiplier (3) and an adapter (9); a third section between the adapter (9) and the hydraulic rotary joint (6); the second section, the third section and the adapter (9) being removable from each other.
11. La unión rotativa de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 9-10 caracterizada porque: el primer tramo es un eje donde una pluralidad de componentes del generador (7) rotan; el segundo tramo es un eje donde una pluralidad de componentes de la multiplicadora (3) rotan.11. The rotary joint of any of claims 9-10 characterized in that: the first section is an axis where a plurality of generator components (7) rotate; The second section is an axis where a plurality of components of the multiplier (3) rotate.
12. La unión rotativa de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 5-11 caracterizada porque la segunda salida de alimentación del fluido (610) es perpendicular a la dirección del rotor (2).12. The rotating union of any of claims 5-11 characterized in that the second fluid feed outlet (610) is perpendicular to the direction of the rotor (2).
13. La unión rotativa de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 5-12 caracterizada porque la segunda entrada de retorno del fluido (601) es perpendicular a la dirección del rotor (2).13. The rotary joint of any of claims 5-12 characterized in that the second fluid return inlet (601) is perpendicular to the direction of the rotor (2).
14. La unión rotativa de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 8-13 caracterizada porque: el generador (7) está fijado a la góndola (1) en un alojamiento; Ia unión rotativa además comprende un acoplamiento hueco (8) entre la multiplicadora (3) y el generador (7).14. The rotating union of any of claims 8-13 characterized in that: the generator (7) is fixed to the gondola (1) in a housing; The rotating union also comprises a hollow coupling (8) between the multiplier (3) and the generator (7).
15. La unión rotativa de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 8-13 caracterizada porque el generador (7) está fijado a la multiplicadora (3).15. The rotating union of any of claims 8-13 characterized in that the generator (7) is fixed to the multiplier (3).
16. La unión rotativa de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 8-15 caracterizada porque el segundo extremo está fijado al alojamiento del generador (7).16. The rotary joint of any of claims 8-15 characterized in that the second end is fixed to the generator housing (7).
17. La unión rotativa de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 7-16 caracterizada porque comprende un eje principal hueco (4) conectado entre el rotor (2) y la multiplicadora (3) para que el eje principal hueco (4) y el eje interno giren a una velocidad de rotor determinada por el rotor (2).17. The rotary joint of any of claims 7-16 characterized in that it comprises a hollow main shaft (4) connected between the rotor (2) and the multiplier (3) so that the hollow main shaft (4) and the inner shaft rotate at a rotor speed determined by the rotor (2).
18. La unión rotativa de la reivindicación 17 caracterizada porque el eje (5) es sustancialmente concéntrico con el eje principal hueco (4).18. The rotary joint of claim 17 characterized in that the shaft (5) is substantially concentric with the hollow main shaft (4).
19. La unión rotativa de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 17-18 caracterizada porque la unión rotativa hidráulica (6) está localizada en una posición seleccionada entre dentro del eje principal hueco (4) y dentro del rotor (2).19. The rotary joint of any of claims 17-18 characterized in that the hydraulic rotary joint (6) is located in a position selected from within the hollow main shaft (4) and within the rotor (2).
20. La unión rotativa de la reivindicación 17 caracterizada porque la unión rotativa eléctrica (10) está localizada en una posición seleccionada entre dentro del eje principal hueco (4) y dentro del rotor (2).20. The rotary joint of claim 17 characterized in that the electric rotary joint (10) is located in a position selected from within the hollow main shaft (4) and within the rotor (2).
21. La unión rotativa de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 2-20 caracterizada porque el sistema hidráulico es un control de ángulo de paso de pala. 21. The rotary joint of any of claims 2-20 characterized in that the hydraulic system is a blade pitch angle control.
PCT/ES2007/070120 2006-06-21 2007-06-19 Rotary joint for wind-powered generators WO2008000882A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESES200601673 2006-06-21
ES200601673A ES2321252B1 (en) 2006-06-21 2006-06-21 ROTATING UNION FOR AEROGENERATORS.

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WO2008000882A1 true WO2008000882A1 (en) 2008-01-03

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ES2321252A1 (en) 2010-04-12
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