WO2008000314A1 - Device for converting kinetic into electric energy - Google Patents

Device for converting kinetic into electric energy Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008000314A1
WO2008000314A1 PCT/EP2007/004274 EP2007004274W WO2008000314A1 WO 2008000314 A1 WO2008000314 A1 WO 2008000314A1 EP 2007004274 W EP2007004274 W EP 2007004274W WO 2008000314 A1 WO2008000314 A1 WO 2008000314A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stator
pendulum
rotor
air gap
parts
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/004274
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Burkhard Hübner
Original Assignee
Huebner Burkhard
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huebner Burkhard filed Critical Huebner Burkhard
Publication of WO2008000314A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008000314A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1892—Generators with parts oscillating or vibrating about an axis
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K35/02—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the conversion of kinetic into electrical energy, in particular for use in transport containers.
  • a device for the conversion of kinetic into electrical energy comprising at least one fixed stator and at least one movable rotor, wherein in the case of a change in movement of the device as a whole due to the inertia of the rotor, a relative movement between the stator and Rotor takes place and the energy contained in the relative movement of the rotor and / or the stator of the device is at least partially convertible into electrical energy, wherein the rotor is designed as a pendulum, which comprises a pendulum arm and a pendulum foot and is mounted swingably on a suspension.
  • the pendulum arm is designed as a thread.
  • On the pendulum foot are permanent magnets and arranged on the stator air coils.
  • a device for the conversion of kinetic into electrical energy wherein the pseudo-shaped rotor is mounted on a ball joint and has two pendulum feet, on each of which permanent magnets are arranged.
  • the two pendulum feet form an air gap, so that during a movement of the rotor, the stator with the coils can dip into the air gap.
  • an actively oscillating oscillation pendulum generator which generates electrical energy from kinetic energy.
  • the stator of the oscillating pendulum generator comprises permanent magnets which generate a magnetic field in the air gap to the rotor, wherein the rotor carries coils.
  • a generator which generates electrical energy from vibratory or oscillatory movements by means of a vibrating pendulum.
  • the stator of the oscillating pendulum generator may comprise permanent magnets which generate a magnetic field in the air gap to the rotor, in which case the rotor carries the coils.
  • US Pat. No. 5,818,132 A discloses a generic device for converting kinetic energy into electrical energy, comprising a stationary stator and a movable rotor, wherein in the event of a change in movement of the device as a whole due to the inertia of the rotor, a relative movement between stator and Rotor takes place and the kinetic energy of the rotor and / or stator contained in the relative movement of the device is converted into electrical energy, wherein the rotor is designed as a pendulum traverse, which is mounted to vibrate, the pendulum traverse comprises two rigid pendulum arms, between which a pendulum foot is arranged.
  • the invention has the technical problem of providing a device for the conversion of kinetic into electrical energy, which has a higher efficiency.
  • the device comprises at least one fixed stator and at least one movable rotor, wherein in the case of a change in movement of the device as a whole due to the inertia of the rotor, a relative movement between stator and rotor takes place, wherein the stator is at least two parts, wherein between the stator an air gap is, wherein the stator parts comprise permanent magnets which generate a magnetic field in the air gap and the rotor is designed as a pendulum traverse, which is mounted oscillatory, wherein the pendulum traverse comprises at least two rigid pendulum arms, between which a pendulum foot is arranged, wherein the pendulum foot coils carries and is movably arranged in the air gap between the stator parts.
  • the air gap between the stator can be made extremely narrow. This allows high magnetic field strengths and thus high efficiency. Since the pendulum foot is held by the rigid pendulum arms from both sides, deflections are also smaller, so that the tolerances to be maintained at the air gap are smaller.
  • the pendulum traverse is mounted via a universal joint.
  • the advantage of a universal joint compared to a ball joint is the directed pendulum movement, which allows a better assignment of permanent magnets to the coils.
  • the pendulum foot is formed of plastic, in which the coils are cast, so that they are well protected against damage. Fiberglass plastics which have a high strength are preferably used. More preferably, the edges of the pendulum foot are reinforced with a non-magnetic material, such as a metal, to increase the flexural strength of the pendulum foot.
  • the pendulum foot is preferably designed as a ball cap. Further preferably, the width of the air gap between the stator is constant. In the formation of the pendulum foot as a ball cap then the stator are formed corresponding convex or concave.
  • the permanent magnets are formed as circular segments, which results in a higher packing density and thus flux density.
  • the permanent magnets on the surfaces are convex (upper stator) or concave (lower stator) arched and form a ball cap in their entirety.
  • the magnets are Nd magnets.
  • the permanent magnets are glued to the stator parts.
  • the permanent magnets are flat, on the corresponding convex (upper stator) or concave (lower stator) molded pole shoes are applied, which then form the ball cap in their entirety.
  • the coil wires are formed with a rectangular cross section, more preferably square cross section, which increases the packing density of the coil.
  • an eccentric additional weight is arranged on at least one pendulum arm in order to obtain an increased pendulum excitation, in particular in the case of vertical impacts, wherein the eccentric additional weight causes a dynamic center of gravity displacement.
  • a balance weight is arranged on the other pendulum, so that in the stationary state, the pendulum is symmetrical to the stator.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a device for converting kinetic into electrical energy
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a stator with formed as a circle segments permanent magnet.
  • a device 1 for converting kinetic into electrical energy is shown in a side view.
  • the device 1 comprises a rotor, which via a Cardan joint 2 is movably suspended on a support 3.
  • the rotor is designed as a pendulum traverse and comprises two rigid pendulum arms 4, 5, which are connected to each other in the region of the ball joint 2 by a cross-brace 6.
  • the two pendulum arms 4, 5 are further connected to a pendulum foot 7, which has the shape of a ball cap.
  • the pendulum foot 7 is made of a plastic, are cast or injected in the coils, wherein electrical leads lead from the coils of the pendulum foot 7.
  • the stator is divided into two parts.
  • the lower stator part 9 is fixedly connected to the carrier 3. At the top, the stator 9 is concavely curved.
  • the upper stator part 10 is fixedly connected to a transverse strut 11 of the carrier 3.
  • the cross member 11 can be replaced by a longitudinal strut, which is guided from above through the universal joint 2.
  • the lower and upper stator part 9, 10 are preferably formed as a metal block, are glued to the respective permanent magnets 12. On the edges of the upper stator 10 are further stops 13, for example made of rubber, arranged to prevent damage to the pendulum arms 4, 5 by striking the metal block.
  • the lower stator part 9 facing side of the upper stator 10 is formed convex, so that adjusts an air gap of constant width between the lower stator 9 and the upper stator 10, in which the pendulum foot 7 of the rotor can swing. By this oscillation, a voltage is then induced in the coils of the pendulum foot 7, which can then be supplied via lines 14 of a rectifier circuit.
  • the rectified voltage may then be used to charge an energy store, such as a capacitor, an accumulator, and / or a battery.
  • an energy store such as a capacitor, an accumulator, and / or a battery.
  • the energy is supplied from the capacitor in dependence on its charge at intervals via control electronics to the accumulator for charging.
  • This electrical energy is then available to an electrical consumer, such as an RF transmitter and / or receiver.
  • the permanent magnets 12 are formed as circular segments whose surfaces are concave or convex, so that the permanent magnets 12 form a total of a spherical cap-shaped air gap, so that a particularly high packing density and thus a large magnetic field strength can be achieved.
  • To increase the efficiency of two devices may optionally be arranged on a common carrier whose vibration levels are offset by 90 ° to each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for converting kinetic into electric energy, particularly for use in transport containers, comprising at least one stationary stator and at least movable rotor, wherein as a result of the inertia of the rotor in the event of a change of movement of the device as a whole a relative movement is performed between the stator and the rotor and the kinetic energy of the rotor and/or of the stator present in the relative movement can be converted by the device at least partially into electric energy, wherein the stator is configured at least as two parts, wherein an air gap is provided between the stator parts (9, 10), wherein the stator parts (9, 10) comprise permanent magnets (12) which produce a magnetic field in the air gap, and the rotor is configured as an oscillating cross-beam, which is mounted so as to oscillate, wherein the oscillating cross-beam comprises at least two rigid pendulum arms (4, 5) between which a pendulum base (7) is disposed, wherein the pendulum base (7) carries coils and is disposed displaceably in the air gap between the stator parts (9, 10).

Description

Vorrichtung zur Umwandlung von kinetischer in elektrische Energie Device for converting kinetic energy into electrical energy
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Umwandlung von kinetischer in elektrische Energie, insbesondere zum Einsatz in Transportcontainern.The invention relates to a device for the conversion of kinetic into electrical energy, in particular for use in transport containers.
Aus der DE 10 2004 053 923 A1 ist eine Vorrichtung zur Umwandlung von kinetischer in elektrische Energie bekannt, umfassend mindestens einen feststehenden Stator und mindestens einen beweglichen Rotor, wobei im Falle einer Bewegungsänderung der Vorrichtung als Ganzes aufgrund der Masseträgheit des Rotors eine Relativbewegung zwischen Stator und Rotor erfolgt und die in der Relativbewegung enthaltene Energie des Rotors und/oder des Stators von der Vorrichtung mindestens teilweise in elektrische Energie umwandelbar ist, wobei der Rotor als Pendel ausgeführt ist, welches einen Pendelarm und einen Pendelfuß umfasst und an einer Aufhängung schwingbar gelagert ist. Der Pendelarm ist dabei als Faden ausgebildet. Auf dem Pendelfuß sind Permanent-Magneten und auf dem Stator Luftspulen angeordnet.From DE 10 2004 053 923 A1 a device for the conversion of kinetic into electrical energy is known, comprising at least one fixed stator and at least one movable rotor, wherein in the case of a change in movement of the device as a whole due to the inertia of the rotor, a relative movement between the stator and Rotor takes place and the energy contained in the relative movement of the rotor and / or the stator of the device is at least partially convertible into electrical energy, wherein the rotor is designed as a pendulum, which comprises a pendulum arm and a pendulum foot and is mounted swingably on a suspension. The pendulum arm is designed as a thread. On the pendulum foot are permanent magnets and arranged on the stator air coils.
Aus der GB 2 234 637 A ist eine Vorrichtung zur Umwandlung von kinetischer in elektrische Energie bekannt, wobei der pendeiförmige Rotor an einem Kugelgelenk gelagert ist und zwei Pendelfüße aufweist, auf denen jeweils Permanent- Magnete angeordnet sind. Die beiden Pendelfüße bilden einen Luftspalt, so dass bei einer Bewegung des Rotors der Stator mit den Spulen in den Luftspalt eintauchen kann.From GB 2 234 637 A a device for the conversion of kinetic into electrical energy is known, wherein the pseudo-shaped rotor is mounted on a ball joint and has two pendulum feet, on each of which permanent magnets are arranged. The two pendulum feet form an air gap, so that during a movement of the rotor, the stator with the coils can dip into the air gap.
Aus der WO 2005/100787 A1 ist ein aktiv anzuregender Schwingpendel-Generator bekannt, der aus kinetischer Energie elektrische Energie erzeugt. Der Stator des Schwingpendel-Generators umfasst Permanentmagnete, die ein magnetisches Feld im Luftspalt zum Rotor erzeugen, wobei der Rotor Spulen trägt.From WO 2005/100787 A1, an actively oscillating oscillation pendulum generator is known, which generates electrical energy from kinetic energy. The stator of the oscillating pendulum generator comprises permanent magnets which generate a magnetic field in the air gap to the rotor, wherein the rotor carries coils.
Aus der EP 1 429 444 A1 ist ein Generator bekannt, der aus Vibrations- oder Schwingbewegungen mittels eines Schwingpendels elektrische Energie erzeugt. Der Stator des Schwingpendel-Generators kann dabei Permanent-Magnete umfassen, die ein magnetisches Feld im Luftspalt zum Rotor erzeugen, wobei der Rotor in diesem Fall die Spulen trägt.From EP 1 429 444 A1, a generator is known which generates electrical energy from vibratory or oscillatory movements by means of a vibrating pendulum. The stator of the oscillating pendulum generator may comprise permanent magnets which generate a magnetic field in the air gap to the rotor, in which case the rotor carries the coils.
Aus der US - 5,818,132 A ist eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Umwandlung von kinetischer Energie in elektrische Energie bekannt, umfassend einen feststehenden Stator und einen beweglichen Rotor, wobei im Falle einer Bewegungsänderung der Vorrichtung als Ganzes aufgrund der Massenträgheit des Rotors eine Relativbewegung zwischen Stator und Rotor erfolgt und die in der Relativbewegung enthaltene kinetische Energie des Rotors und/oder Stators von der Vorrichtung in elektrische Energie umwandelbar ist, wobei der Rotor als Pendeltraverse ausgebildet ist, die schwingungsfähig gelagert ist, wobei die Pendeltraverse zwei starre Pendelarme umfasst, zwischen denen ein Pendelfuß angeordnet ist.US Pat. No. 5,818,132 A discloses a generic device for converting kinetic energy into electrical energy, comprising a stationary stator and a movable rotor, wherein in the event of a change in movement of the device as a whole due to the inertia of the rotor, a relative movement between stator and Rotor takes place and the kinetic energy of the rotor and / or stator contained in the relative movement of the device is converted into electrical energy, wherein the rotor is designed as a pendulum traverse, which is mounted to vibrate, the pendulum traverse comprises two rigid pendulum arms, between which a pendulum foot is arranged.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung das technische Problem zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zur Umwandlung von kinetischer in elektrische Energie zu schaffen, die einen höheren Wirkungsgrad aufweist.Based on this prior art, the invention has the technical problem of providing a device for the conversion of kinetic into electrical energy, which has a higher efficiency.
Die Lösung des technischen Problems ergibt sich durch den Gegenstand mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.The solution of the technical problem results from the subject matter with the features of claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.
Hierzu umfasst die Vorrichtung mindestens einen feststehenden Stator und mindestens einen beweglichen Rotor, wobei im Falle einer Bewegungsänderung der Vorrichtung als Ganzes aufgrund der Masseträgheit des Rotors eine Relativbewegung zwischen Stator und Rotor erfolgt, wobei der Stator mindestens zweiteilig ausgebildet ist, wobei zwischen den Statorteilen ein Luftspalt ist, wobei die Statorteile Permanent-Magnete umfassen, die ein magnetisches Feld im Luftspalt erzeugen und der Rotor als Pendeltraverse ausgebildet ist, die schwingungsfähig gelagert ist, wobei die Pendeltraverse mindestens zwei starre Pendelarme umfasst, zwischen denen ein Pendelfuß angeordnet ist, wobei der Pendelfuß Spulen trägt und beweglich im Luftspalt zwischen den Statorteilen angeordnet ist. Durch die starre Zwangsführung des Pendelfußes kann der Luftspalt zwischen den Statorteilen äußerst schmal ausgebildet werden. Dies erlaubt hohe magnetische Feldstärken und somit einen hohen Wirkungsgrad. Da der Pendelfuß von beiden Seiten über die starren Pendelarme gehalten wird, sind auch Durchbiegungen geringer, so dass die einzuhaltenden Toleranzen am Luftspalt geringer sind.For this purpose, the device comprises at least one fixed stator and at least one movable rotor, wherein in the case of a change in movement of the device as a whole due to the inertia of the rotor, a relative movement between stator and rotor takes place, wherein the stator is at least two parts, wherein between the stator an air gap is, wherein the stator parts comprise permanent magnets which generate a magnetic field in the air gap and the rotor is designed as a pendulum traverse, which is mounted oscillatory, wherein the pendulum traverse comprises at least two rigid pendulum arms, between which a pendulum foot is arranged, wherein the pendulum foot coils carries and is movably arranged in the air gap between the stator parts. Due to the rigid forced operation of the pendulum foot, the air gap between the stator can be made extremely narrow. This allows high magnetic field strengths and thus high efficiency. Since the pendulum foot is held by the rigid pendulum arms from both sides, deflections are also smaller, so that the tolerances to be maintained at the air gap are smaller.
Vorzugsweise ist die Pendeltraverse über ein Kardangelenk gelagert. Der Vorteil eines Kardangelenkes gegenüber einem Kugelgelenk ist die gerichtete Pendelbewegung, die eine bessere Zuordnung von Permanent-Magneten zu den Spulen ermöglicht.Preferably, the pendulum traverse is mounted via a universal joint. The advantage of a universal joint compared to a ball joint is the directed pendulum movement, which allows a better assignment of permanent magnets to the coils.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Pendelfuß aus Kunststoff ausgebildet, in dem die Spulen eingegossen sind, so dass diese gegen Beschädigungen gut geschützt sind. Vorzugsweise finden dabei Glasfaserkunststoffe Anwendung, die eine hohe Festigkeit aufweisen. Weiter vorzugsweise sind die Ränder des Pendelfußes mit einem nicht-magnetischen Material, beispielsweise einem Metall, verstärkt, um die Biegefestigkeit des Pendelfußes zu erhöhen.In a further preferred embodiment, the pendulum foot is formed of plastic, in which the coils are cast, so that they are well protected against damage. Fiberglass plastics which have a high strength are preferably used. More preferably, the edges of the pendulum foot are reinforced with a non-magnetic material, such as a metal, to increase the flexural strength of the pendulum foot.
Der Pendelfuß ist vorzugsweise als Kugelkappe ausgebildet. Weiter vorzugsweise ist die Breite des Luftspaltes zwischen den Statorteilen konstant. Bei der Ausbildung des Pendelfußes als Kugelkappe sind dann die Statorteile entsprechend konvex bzw. konkav ausgebildet.The pendulum foot is preferably designed as a ball cap. Further preferably, the width of the air gap between the stator is constant. In the formation of the pendulum foot as a ball cap then the stator are formed corresponding convex or concave.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die Permanent-Magnete als Kreissegmente ausgebildet, was eine höhere Packungsdichte und somit Flussdichte ergibt. Dabei sind die Permanent-Magnete an den Oberflächen konvex (oberes Statorteil) oder konkav (unteres Statorteil) gewölbt und bilden in ihrer Gesamtheit jeweils eine Kugelkappe. Vorzugsweise handelt es sich bei den Magneten um Nd-Magnete. Vorzugsweise werden die Permanent-Magnete auf die Statorteile geklebt. Alternativ sind die Permanent-Magnete plan ausgebildet, auf die entsprechend konvex (oberes Statorteil) oder konkav (unteres Statorteil) geformte Polschuhe aufgebracht sind, die dann in ihrer Gesamtheit die Kugelkappe bilden.In a further preferred embodiment, the permanent magnets are formed as circular segments, which results in a higher packing density and thus flux density. The permanent magnets on the surfaces are convex (upper stator) or concave (lower stator) arched and form a ball cap in their entirety. Preferably, the magnets are Nd magnets. Preferably, the permanent magnets are glued to the stator parts. Alternatively, the permanent magnets are flat, on the corresponding convex (upper stator) or concave (lower stator) molded pole shoes are applied, which then form the ball cap in their entirety.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die Spulendrähte mit einem rechteckförmigen Querschnitt, weiter vorzugsweise quadratischen Querschnitt, ausgebildet, was die Packungsdichte der Spule erhöht.In a further preferred embodiment, the coil wires are formed with a rectangular cross section, more preferably square cross section, which increases the packing density of the coil.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist an mindestens einem Pendelarm ein exzentrisches Zusatzgewicht angeordnet, um insbesondere bei vertikalen Stößen eine verstärkte Pendelanregung zu erhalten, wobei das exzentrische Zusatzgewicht eine dynamische Schwerpunktverlagerung bewirkt. Vorzugsweise ist an dem anderen Pendelarm ein Ausgleichsgewicht angeordnet, damit im stationären Zustand das Pendel symmetrisch zu den Statorteilen steht.In a further preferred embodiment, an eccentric additional weight is arranged on at least one pendulum arm in order to obtain an increased pendulum excitation, in particular in the case of vertical impacts, wherein the eccentric additional weight causes a dynamic center of gravity displacement. Preferably, a balance weight is arranged on the other pendulum, so that in the stationary state, the pendulum is symmetrical to the stator.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Die Figuren zeigen:The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a preferred embodiment. The figures show:
Fig. 1 eine schematische Seitenansicht auf eine Vorrichtung zur Umwandlung von kinetischer in elektrische Energie undFig. 1 is a schematic side view of a device for converting kinetic into electrical energy and
Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung eines Statorteils mit als Kreissegmente ausgebildeten Permanent-Magneten.Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a stator with formed as a circle segments permanent magnet.
In der Fig. 1 ist eine Vorrichtung 1 zur Umwandlung kinetischer in elektrische Energie in einer Seitenansicht dargestellt. Hierbei umfasst die Vorrichtung 1 einen Rotor, der über ein Kardangelenk 2 beweglich an einem Träger 3 aufgehängt ist. Der Rotor ist als Pendeltraverse ausgebildet und umfasst zwei starre Pendelarme 4, 5, die im Bereich des Kugelgelenks 2 durch eine Querverstrebung 6 miteinander verbunden sind. Die beiden Pendelarme 4, 5 sind des Weiteren mit einem Pendelfuß 7 verbunden, der die Form einer Kugelkappe aufweist. Der Pendelfuß 7 besteht aus einem Kunststoff, in dem Spulen eingegossen bzw. eingespritzt sind, wobei elektrische Zuleitungen von den Spulen aus dem Pendelfuß 7 herumführen. Zur Erhöhung der Biegefestigkeit kann dabei der Pendelfuß 7 an den Randbereichen mit einem starren Material verstärkt werden. An dem Pendelarm 5 ist ferner exzentrisch ein Zusatzgewicht 8 angeordnet, das beispielsweise mittels eines Federstahldrahtes an dem Pendelarm 5 befestigt ist. Zum Gewichtsausgleich ist ein Gewicht 15 unmittelbar an dem Pendelarm 4 befestigt. Der Stator ist zweigeteilt. Das untere Statorteil 9 ist mit dem Träger 3 fest verbunden. An der Oberseite ist das Statorteil 9 konkav gekrümmt. Das obere Statorteil 10 ist fest mit einer Querstrebe 11 des Trägers 3 verbunden. Alternativ kann die Querstrebe 11 durch eine Längsstrebe ersetzt werden, die von oben durch das Kardangelenk 2 geführt ist. Das untere und obere Statorteil 9, 10 sind vorzugsweise als Metallblock ausgebildet, auf die jeweils Permanent-Magnete 12 geklebt sind. An den Kanten des oberen Statorteils 10 sind des Weiteren Anschläge 13, beispielsweise aus Gummi, angeordnet, die eine Beschädigung der Pendelarme 4, 5 durch Anschlagen am Metallblock verhindern. Die dem unteren Statorteil 9 zugewandte Seite des oberen Statorteils 10 ist konvex ausgebildet, so dass sich zwischen dem unteren Statorteil 9 und dem oberen Statorteil 10 ein Luftspalt konstanter Breite einstellt, in dem der Pendelfuß 7 des Rotors schwingen kann. Durch diese Schwingung wird dann in den Spulen des Pendelfußes 7 eine Spannung induziert, die dann über Leitungen 14 einer Gleichrichterschaltung zugeführt werden kann. Die gleichgerichtete Spannung kann dann zur Ladung eines Energiespeichers, wie beispielsweise einem Kondensator, einem Akkumulator und/oder einer Batterie, verwendet werden. Vorzugsweise wird die Energie vom Kondensator in Abhängigkeit von seiner Aufladung in Intervallen über eine Steuerelektronik dem Akkumulator zur Aufladung zugeführt. Diese elektrische Energie steht dann einem elektrischen Verbraucher, wie beispielsweise einem HF-Sender und/oder -Empfänger, zur Verfügung.In Fig. 1, a device 1 for converting kinetic into electrical energy is shown in a side view. In this case, the device 1 comprises a rotor, which via a Cardan joint 2 is movably suspended on a support 3. The rotor is designed as a pendulum traverse and comprises two rigid pendulum arms 4, 5, which are connected to each other in the region of the ball joint 2 by a cross-brace 6. The two pendulum arms 4, 5 are further connected to a pendulum foot 7, which has the shape of a ball cap. The pendulum foot 7 is made of a plastic, are cast or injected in the coils, wherein electrical leads lead from the coils of the pendulum foot 7. To increase the bending strength of the pendulum foot 7 can be reinforced at the edge regions with a rigid material. On the pendulum arm 5, an additional weight 8 is also eccentrically arranged, which is fixed for example by means of a spring steel wire to the pendulum arm 5. For weight compensation, a weight 15 is attached directly to the pendulum arm 4. The stator is divided into two parts. The lower stator part 9 is fixedly connected to the carrier 3. At the top, the stator 9 is concavely curved. The upper stator part 10 is fixedly connected to a transverse strut 11 of the carrier 3. Alternatively, the cross member 11 can be replaced by a longitudinal strut, which is guided from above through the universal joint 2. The lower and upper stator part 9, 10 are preferably formed as a metal block, are glued to the respective permanent magnets 12. On the edges of the upper stator 10 are further stops 13, for example made of rubber, arranged to prevent damage to the pendulum arms 4, 5 by striking the metal block. The lower stator part 9 facing side of the upper stator 10 is formed convex, so that adjusts an air gap of constant width between the lower stator 9 and the upper stator 10, in which the pendulum foot 7 of the rotor can swing. By this oscillation, a voltage is then induced in the coils of the pendulum foot 7, which can then be supplied via lines 14 of a rectifier circuit. The rectified voltage may then be used to charge an energy store, such as a capacitor, an accumulator, and / or a battery. Preferably, the energy is supplied from the capacitor in dependence on its charge at intervals via control electronics to the accumulator for charging. This electrical energy is then available to an electrical consumer, such as an RF transmitter and / or receiver.
In der Fig. 2 ist nun eine bevorzugte Ausbildung der Permanent-Magnete 12 dargestellt. Die Permanent-Magnete 12 sind als Kreissegmente ausgebildet, deren Oberflächen konkav oder konvex gewölbt sind, so dass die Permanent-Magnete 12 insgesamt einen kugelkappenförmigen Luftspalt bilden, so dass eine besonders hohe Packungsdichte und damit eine große magnetische Feldstärke erreichbar ist. Zur Erhöhung des Wirkungsgrades können gegebenenfalls zwei Vorrichtungen an einem gemeinsamen Träger angeordnet werden, deren Schwingungsebenen um 90° zueinander versetzt sind. 2, a preferred embodiment of the permanent magnets 12 is shown. The permanent magnets 12 are formed as circular segments whose surfaces are concave or convex, so that the permanent magnets 12 form a total of a spherical cap-shaped air gap, so that a particularly high packing density and thus a large magnetic field strength can be achieved. To increase the efficiency of two devices may optionally be arranged on a common carrier whose vibration levels are offset by 90 ° to each other.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Vorrichtung zur Umwandlung von kinetischer in elektrische Energie, insbesondere zum Einsatz in Transportcontainern, umfassend mindestens einen feststehenden Stator und mindestens einen beweglichen Rotor, wobei im Falle einer Bewegungsänderung der Vorrichtung als Ganzes aufgrund der Massenträgheit des Rotors eine Relativbewegung zwischen Stator und Rotor erfolgt und die in der Relativbewegung enthaltene kinetische Energie des Rotors und/oder des Stators von der Vorrichtung mindestens teilweise in elektrische Energie umwandelbar ist, wobei der Stator mindestens zweiteilig ausgebildet ist, wobei zwischen den Statorteilen (9, 10) ein Luftspalt ist, wobei die Statorteile (9, 10) Permanent-Magnete (12) umfassen, die ein magnetisches Feld im Luftspalt erzeugen, und der Rotor als Pendeltraverse ausgebildet ist, die schwingungsfähig gelagert ist, wobei die Pendeltraverse mindestens zwei starre Pendelarme (4, 5) umfasst, zwischen denen ein Pendelfuß (7) angeordnet ist, wobei der Pendelfuß (7) Spulen trägt und beweglich im Luftspalt zwischen den Statorteilen (9, 10) angeordnet ist.1. A device for converting kinetic into electrical energy, in particular for use in transport containers, comprising at least one fixed stator and at least one movable rotor, wherein in the event of a change in movement of the device as a whole due to the inertia of the rotor takes place a relative movement between the stator and rotor and the kinetic energy of the rotor and / or the stator contained in the relative movement is at least partially convertible into electrical energy by the device, wherein the stator is formed in at least two parts, wherein an air gap exists between the stator parts (9, 10), the stator parts ( 9, 10) comprise permanent magnets (12) which generate a magnetic field in the air gap, and the rotor is designed as a pendulum traverse, which is mounted to oscillate, wherein the pendulum traverse at least two rigid pendulum arms (4, 5) between which a Pendulum foot (7) is arranged, wherein the Pendelfu (7) carries the coil and movable in the air gap between the stator (9, 10) is arranged.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Pendeltraverse über ein Kardangelenk (2) gelagert ist.2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the pendulum traverse is mounted via a universal joint (2).
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Pendelfuß (7) aus Kunststoff besteht, in dem die Spulen eingegossen sind.3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pendulum foot (7) consists of plastic, in which the coils are cast.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ränder des Pendelfußes (7) mit einem nicht-magnetischen Material verstärkt sind.4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the edges of the pendulum foot (7) are reinforced with a non-magnetic material.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Pendelfuß (7) als Kugelkappe ausgebildet ist.5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pendulum foot (7) is designed as a ball cap.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Breite des Luftspaltes zwischen den Statorteilen (9, 10) konstant ist.6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the width of the air gap between the stator parts (9, 10) is constant.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Permanent-Magnete (12) als Kreissegmente ausgebildet sind, deren Oberfläche konkav oder konvex gewölbt sind, so dass die Gesamtheit der Permanent-Magnete (12) eines Statorteils (9, 10) eine Kugelkappe bildet. 7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the permanent magnets (12) are formed as circular segments whose surface is concave or convex, so that the totality of the permanent magnets (12) of a stator (9, 10 ) forms a spherical cap.
8. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spulen Spulendrähte mit einem rechteckförmigen Querschnitt aufweisen.8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coils have coil wires with a rectangular cross-section.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an mindestens einem Pendelarm (5) ein exzentrisches Zusatzgewicht (8) angeordnet ist.9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one pendulum arm (5) an eccentric additional weight (8) is arranged.
10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an dem gegenüberliegenden Pendelarm (4) ein Gewicht (15) zum stationären Gewichtsausgleich angeordnet ist. 10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that on the opposite pendulum arm (4) a weight (15) is arranged for stationary weight compensation.
PCT/EP2007/004274 2006-06-26 2007-05-09 Device for converting kinetic into electric energy WO2008000314A1 (en)

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