WO2008000130A1 - Method and system for realizing multicast service of multimedia broadcast - Google Patents
Method and system for realizing multicast service of multimedia broadcast Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008000130A1 WO2008000130A1 PCT/CN2007/001438 CN2007001438W WO2008000130A1 WO 2008000130 A1 WO2008000130 A1 WO 2008000130A1 CN 2007001438 W CN2007001438 W CN 2007001438W WO 2008000130 A1 WO2008000130 A1 WO 2008000130A1
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- multimedia broadcast
- broadcast multicast
- service
- multicast
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/02—Details
- H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
- H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
- H04L12/189—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast in combination with wireless systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
- H04W36/0007—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for multicast or broadcast services, e.g. MBMS
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/30—Resource management for broadcast services
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a multimedia broadcast multicast service for a communication network, and more particularly to a method and system for implementing a multimedia broadcast multicast service when a handover occurs in a multimedia broadcast multicast area.
- the third-generation partner project As a standardization organization that develops third-generation communication technology standards, the third-generation partner project
- BM-SC multimedia broadcast multicast service
- MBMS multimedia broadcast multicast service
- GGSN GPRS Gateway Service Node
- the 3GPP evolved network can also support broadcast multicast capabilities, such as broadcast multicast capability through MBMS registration, MBMS session start, MBMS data transfer, MBMS session end, MBMS logout, and the like.
- the 3GPP Evolving Network also supports multicast services over the Internet, allowing multicast services over the Internet to be transported over the 3GPP Evolved Network.
- the MBMS can complete the multicast service of the entire MBMS through processes such as subscription, service announcement, join, session start, MBMS notification, data transfer, session end and departure.
- the node responsible for data and signaling transmission uses two parameters: MBMS UE context and MBMS bearer context, where the MBMS UE context is related to the UE, and the MBMS bearer context is related to the bearer.
- the node establishes an MBMS bearer context and registers with its superior node.
- a downlink node list is set in each MBMS bearer context, and when a node receives a registration request of its lower node, the lower node is added to the downlink node list.
- the node When data and signaling transmission in the downlink direction occurs, the node establishes a bearer with the downlink node by using its own downlink node list, and transmits data, signaling, and the like through the bearer.
- each multicast service defines a multicast area, and the user can receive the multicast service only in the multicast area, and the multicast area includes multiple local multicast areas (Local Multicast area ).
- the data content played by the same type of multicast service in different local multicast areas will be different.
- the above functions are implemented by different multicast bearers. For example, the same type of multicast service can be transmitted by multiple multicast bearers, and different local multicast zones use different multicast bearers to publish data content of the same type of multicast service.
- the data content corresponding to the type of multicast service also needs to be changed accordingly.
- the "weather forecast” type of multicast service suppose the user subscribes to the "weather forecast” in Beijing. If the user roams from Beijing to Shanghai, the user wants to receive the weather forecast for Shanghai, that is, in Beijing. The weather forecast to Beijing, received the weather forecast for Shanghai in Shanghai.
- the actual situation is: when the user registers in the original local multicast area, and leaves the original local multicast area and enters the new local multicast area during the mobile process, the multicast bearers of the two local multicast areas use different service identifiers (IDs). , unable to establish contact with each other, causing the user's required multicast service to be interrupted. If a multicast service is to be obtained in the new local multicast area, the user can only receive the service notification on the multicast bearer of the new local multicast area and access the multicast service of the type again.
- the service notification includes an access parameter such as a service ID, a multicast address (refers to an address of a multicast source for providing a multicast service), and the like.
- the above process involves the user's Re-registration and other operations may cause inconvenience to the user and may also delay the reception of the multicast service. Even if the user receives the service announcement in the original local multicast area, obtains the access parameter of the multicast service (such as a multicast address, etc.), and leaves the original local multicast area to enter the new local multicast area, and the user utilizes the originally obtained multicast. The address also cannot obtain multicast services from the multicast bearers of the new local multicast zone.
- a method for implementing a multimedia broadcast multicast MBMS service where the multimedia broadcast multicast service is carried on a different multimedia broadcast multicast bearer, and each multimedia broadcast multicast bearer corresponds to a multimedia broadcast multicast area, and the method includes:
- the UE is switched in a different multimedia broadcast multicast area, and the network side broadcasts the multimedia broadcast multicast area corresponding to the multimedia broadcast multicast service that the UE requests, and the multimedia broadcast of the multimedia broadcast multicast area where the UE is currently located.
- the broadcast bearer is provided to the UE.
- a system for implementing multimedia broadcast multicast MBMS services including:
- At least one terminal UE receiving a multimedia broadcast multicast service, and switching in a different multimedia broadcast multicast area;
- the first network unit establishes an association relationship for different multimedia broadcast multicast bearers of the same type of multimedia broadcast multicast service, where the multimedia broadcast multicast service is carried on different multimedia broadcast multicast bearers, and each multimedia broadcast multicast bearer Corresponding to a multimedia broadcast multicast area;
- the second network unit provides the multimedia broadcast multicast bearer of the multimedia broadcast multicast area where the UE is currently located to the UE according to the association relationship between the different multimedia broadcast multicast bearers corresponding to the multimedia broadcast multicast service requested by the UE.
- the method and system for implementing the multimedia broadcast multicast MBMS service provided in the embodiments of the present invention can better support the multimedia broadcast multicast service when the UE moves between regions.
- FIG. 1 shows a network structure for providing a multicast service and a registration process of a multicast service
- FIG. 2 is a flow chart of implementing a multicast service in an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a network structure having multiple local multicast zones in one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart of implementing a multicast service in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart of implementing a multicast service in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a flow chart of implementing a multicast service in an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 7 is a flow diagram of implementing a multicast service in one embodiment of the present invention. Mode for carrying out the invention
- a network for providing a multicast service such as a 3GPP evolved network, includes the following entities (in the following description, a network portion other than the UE is referred to as a "network side"): a mobility management entity (MME) 101.
- MME mobility management entity
- the eNodeB 103 is an entity located in the access network responsible for data transmission.
- User plane entity (UPE) 104 is the entity responsible for data transmission in the core network. In the 3GPP evolved network, the UPE can connect to the PDN including internetl 05. Practical applications, Not all UPEs need to support broadcast multicast capabilities.
- the UPE capable of supporting broadcast multicast capability is called Multicast UPE 116, which provides broadcast multicast capability with the assistance of Multicast Controller 126, which constitutes a Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) 106 entity.
- MBMS Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service
- the MBMS implements the MBMS multicast service through processes such as subscription, service announcement, join, session start, MBMS notification, data transfer, session end and departure.
- the Broadcast Multicast Service Center (BM-SC) 107 is the source of broadcast multicast data in the UMTS network.
- the BM-SC can directly connect to the MME and the multicast controller to send broadcast multicast data to the UMTS network. It has the ability to manage MBMS, such as member management functions, session and transfer functions, proxy and transport functions, service announcements, security features, and more.
- a method for implementing a multimedia broadcast multicast service can be provided.
- the same type of multicast service is carried on multiple different multicast bearers, and each multicast bearer corresponds to one local multicast area.
- the data content of the same type of multicast service in different local multicast areas is different, for example, a certain type of multicast service provides weather forecast for the two local multicast areas of Beijing and Tianjin. The specific content of the weather forecast is different.
- a multicast service also known as a multicast service
- a multicast service is taken as an example. It should be noted that the following embodiments are equally applicable to broadcast services, that is, embodiments of the present invention can be applied to multimedia broadcast multicast services.
- the network side When the UE switches between different local multicast zones, the network side establishes or updates an MBMS context according to the association relationship between different multicast bearers, and establishes a corresponding multicast bearer according to the MBMS context, so as to be more locally in the new local
- the broadcast area provides the data content of the multicast service for the UE.
- the MBMS context can be MBMS UE context and/or MBMS bearer context.
- FIG. 2 shows an implementation process of a multicast service in an embodiment of the present invention, which specifically includes: Step 201: Establish an association relationship for different multicast bearers on the network side.
- a service ID is set for a certain type of multicast service on the network side, and different multicast bearers of the multicast service of the type are corresponding to the service ID.
- the different multicast bearers are respectively indicated by different service IDs on the network side, and the service IDs are set to be equivalent, so as to associate the multicast bearers.
- a multicast service management table may be set in the BM-SC for recording a correspondence between a service ID, a local multicast area, and a multicast address, where the multicast address is used to point to a multicast that provides a multicast service.
- Source MCS
- MCS Multicast Source
- a service ID corresponds to multiple multicast bearers of multiple multicast addresses, and these multicast bearers only provide multicast services in a specified local multicast area. Data content. It should be noted that these multicast bearers corresponding to the same service ID may provide the same type of multicast service, but the data content may be different.
- a corresponding service ID is set for a plurality of different local multicast areas, and the service ID is set as an equivalent service ID.
- Setting a multicast service management table in the BM-SC for recording the service ID, the correspondence between the local multicast area and the multicast address, and the equivalence relationship between the service IDs (see Table 1-b for a specific example) .
- Step 202 The user subscribes to the multicast service by using a web, a short message, or the like.
- the BM-SC sends a service advertisement for different local multicast areas
- the service advertisement includes a multicast address of the local multicast area
- the terminal (UE) can obtain the current locality from the service advertisement.
- the multicast address of the broadcast area (assumed to be local multicast area 1).
- the UE If the UE obtains the multicast address and has not initiated the MBMS registration, it leaves the local multicast area 1 and enters the local multicast area 2, and step 205 is performed. At this time, the UE records the multicast address of the local multicast zone 1, and is located in the local multicast zone 2.
- step 203 is performed.
- Step 203 The UE initiates MBMS registration, and the network side determines a service ID corresponding to the multicast address of the UE, and establishes an MBMS UE context and an MBMS bearer context in the local multicast area 1.
- the UE issues multicast join signaling (IGMP Join) by using the multicast address (step S1).
- IGMP multicast join signaling
- the UPE After receiving the IGMP, the UPE sends a Join Request to the MME (step S2).
- the MME authenticates using the identity of the UE and the multicast address to the BM-SC (step S3).
- the BM-SC authenticates the UE, determines a service ID corresponding to the multicast address provided by the UE, and transmits the authentication result and the service ID to the MME (step S4).
- MME and UE The MBMS UE context is established, and the service ID is sent to the UE, and an operation of activating the context is initiated (step S6).
- the UE sends a request to activate the context to the ViME to inform it of the location information.
- the MME obtains the local multicast area and the multicast address where the UE is currently located by querying the BM-SC.
- the MME notifies the multicast service related information to the eNodeB (step S7) and the Multicast Controller (step S8) that provide the multicast bearer for the UE, and the multicast service related information includes a local multicast area identifier, a multicast address, and a monthly good Service ID.
- the MBMS bearer context is established on the eNodeB and the Multicast Controller, and then the Multicast UPE sends a service join message to the multicast source indicated by the multicast address (step S12).
- the MBMS bearer context (see Table 2 for a specific example) includes a service ID, a local multicast zone, and a multicast address.
- step 204 if the UE leaves the local multicast area 1, step 204 is performed; if the UE remains in the local multicast area 1, step 206 is performed.
- the leaving means that the MBMS UE context is left after the establishment of the MBMS UE context, or may be left during the reception of the data content of the multicast service.
- Step 204 The UE enters the local multicast area 2 from the local multicast area 1.
- the UE reports the new location information and the original MME identity to the network side, and the network side queries the multicast service management table to obtain a new multicast address (ie, local).
- the multicast address of the multicast area 2 updates the MBMS UE context obtained from the original MME according to the new multicast address, and then performs step 206.
- the network side obtains the original information according to the original MME identity and the location information of the UE.
- the MBMS UE context saved on the MME obtains the service ID from the MBMS UE context, and then queries the multicast service management table according to the location information and the service ID of the UE to obtain a new multicast address corresponding to the local multicast area 2.
- the network side updates the MBMS UE context according to the new multicast address, and the UE also updates its saved MBMS UE context.
- the UE can continue to receive the data content of the multicast service from the new multicast address without causing the multicast service to be interrupted.
- the MME informs the network node UPE, Multicast Controller and eNodeB of the local multicast area 2 that the UE leaves the local multicast area 1 and joins the local multicast area 2.
- MBMS bearer context needs to be established. For example, if there are no other users in the local multicast area 2 that apply for the multicast service corresponding to the new multicast address, that is, the UE is the first application user, an MBMS bearer context is established.
- the MBMS bearer context is established in the nodes of other local multicast areas.
- the established MBMS bearer context is not for local multicast zone 2, so it is necessary to add the MBMS bearer context of local multicast zone 2 and point the MBMS bearer context to the same service ID.
- the MBMS UE context is used to indicate how the UE receives the multicast service. It should be noted that the MBMS UE context is not indispensable. For example, when the UE already knows how to receive the multicast service in the access network, the MBMS UE context may not need to be set. For the case where the MBMS UE context is not used, the UE reports the service ID and location. After the information is received, the network side authenticates the UE and provides the new service access mode to the UE. The UE can continue to receive the multicast service provided by the network side in the current local multicast area.
- the network node that provides the service access mode to the UE may be an MME, an eNodeB, or other entity.
- Step 205 The UE initiates the MBMS registration by using the multicast address of the local multicast area 1.
- the network side queries the multicast service management table according to the multicast address, obtains the service ID of the multicast service of the type, and establishes the context of the MBMS UE.
- the location information of the UE is obtained in the process, thereby determining the identifier of the local multicast area (ie, the local multicast area 2) where the UE is currently located.
- the multicast service management table is searched according to the service ID and the local multicast area 2 identifier, and a new multicast address is obtained, and the establishment of the MBMS UE context is completed.
- Step 206 After receiving the data content of a multicast source on the Internet, the UPE performs a session start process.
- the network side establishes a corresponding multicast bearer according to the MBMS bearer context, and the data content received from the multicast address is sent to the UE through the multicast bearer.
- the establishment of the multicast bearer by the network side refers to: establishing a multicast bearer between the UPE and the eNodeB based on the multicast address recorded by the MBMS bearer context on the UPE and the eNodeB.
- a UPE When a UPE can receive data content sent by multiple multicast sources, the UPE establishes independent multicast bearers for different multicast sources according to multicast addresses corresponding to different multicast sources, and receives the same multicast addresses. The data content is transmitted on the corresponding multicast bearer.
- Table 1-a and Table 1-b can also add a column: UPE identifier, which is used to indicate which UPE provides the multicast service by the multicast source in the corresponding local multicast zone.
- the MME may send the related information of the multicast service subscribed by the UE to the multicast specified in the table 1 when the location update is performed. Further, the process in this embodiment may further include:
- Step 207 When the multicast service ends, the corresponding multicast bearer is removed.
- the specific operation of tearing down the multicast bearer is related to the setting of the multicast service management table. If more The broadcast service management table is set according to the format of Table 1-a, that is, the same service ID is set for different local multicast areas and multicast addresses.
- the multicast address can be separately removed according to different multicast addresses.
- the Multicast Controller notifies the eNodeB of the session end message, notifies the eNodeB of the multicast address that stops providing the multicast service, and tears down the corresponding address of the multicast address. Multicast hosting. If there is still a multicast bearer that has not been deleted in the MBMS bearer context, the MBMS bearer context will not be deleted; otherwise, the MBMS bearer context is deleted after the multicast bearer is removed.
- the MME when the UE leaves the local multicast area and initiates the deactivation of the multicast service, the MME notifies the UE leaving message to the Multicast Controller and/or the eNodeB according to the multicast address provided by the UE.
- the Multicast Controller and/or eNodeB node no longer has a UE that requires multicast service on the multicast address.
- the above node can delete the record corresponding to the multicast address in the MBMS bearer context. If the records of all multicast addresses corresponding to the type of multicast service on the above node are deleted, the above node may delete the MBMS-loaded context.
- the user can initiate multicast registration by using the multicast address of the local multicast area 1 obtained before roaming.
- the BM-SC determines, according to the multicast address of the local multicast area 1, the local multicast area 2 where the user is currently located, and multicasts corresponding to the local multicast area 2 that can provide the same type of multicast service to the user. The address is sent to the user.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a network structure having multiple local multicast zones in an embodiment of the present invention, where RAN1 and RAN2 respectively cover local multicast zones A1 and A2.
- the scenario of an embodiment is as follows: The UE is in the first local multicast area (ie, this embodiment) Al) receives the service announcement and obtains the first multicast address that points to MCS 1. After that, the UE leaves A1 and switches to the second multicast area (ie, A2). At this time, the UE may initiate MBMS registration at A2 using the first multicast address. In this way, it is possible to avoid the situation that the UE cannot register due to the missed service announcement of A2.
- the specific execution process is shown in FIG. 4: Step 410: Set a multicast service management table on the network side, and allocate a service ID for the same type of multicast service, and record the multicast service of the type used in different local multicast areas.
- a multicast address an example of the multicast service management table is shown in Table 3.
- Step 412 The UE is initially located in the local multicast area A1, and obtains the first multicast address of the multicast source MCS1 through the service advertisement sent by the network of the local multicast area A1.
- the multicast source MCS1 can be in the local multicast area A1. Provide multicast services.
- the UE If the UE does not move to other local multicast areas, but is always located in the local multicast area A, it is processed as normal. Specifically, the UE initiates MBMS registration and establishes an MBMS UE context.
- the MCS 1 provides the data content of the multicast service to the UPE1
- the UPE1 sends a session start message
- the network side establishes a multicast bearer according to the MBMS bearer context, and sends the data content of the multicast service to the UE through the multicast bearer.
- the multicast bearer will be deleted after the session ends.
- step 414 is performed.
- Step 414 The UE initiates MBMS registration with the MME2 by using the first multicast address.
- Step 416 After receiving the registration request of the UE, the MME2 notifies the BM-SC to authenticate the UE.
- Step 418 After the UE passes the authentication, the BM-SC sets the service ID corresponding to the MCS2. (TMGIO) is sent to the MME2, and the MME2 establishes an MBMS UE context with the UE, and obtains the location information of the UE in the process of establishing the MBMS UE context, so as to know the local multicast area where the UE is currently located. Then, the multicast service management table is queried according to the service ID and the local multicast area, and the multicast address supported by the MME2, that is, the second multicast address corresponding to the MCS2, and the second multicast address and the service identifier TMGI0 are obtained. Provided to the UE, and the MME2 updates the MBMS UE context according to the second multicast address.
- TMGIO service ID corresponding to the MCS2.
- the location information (RAN2) where the TMGI0 and the UE are currently located may be sent by the MME2 to the BM-SC, and the BM-SC returns the multicast address of the multicast source MCS2 corresponding to the location information; or may be from the MME2 to the BM-
- the SC requests to obtain a multicast management service table for MME2 to consult.
- the MME2 also notifies the multicast information of the UPE2 and the eNodeB of the RAN2, and the related information of the UE includes the second multicast address, the local multicast area, the downlink node identifier, and the service ID.
- the MBMS bearer context needs to be established on the Multicast Controller of UPE2 and the eNodeB of RAN2.
- Table 4-a shows the Multicast Controller parameters
- Table 4-b shows the eNodeB parameters.
- Step 420 MCS2 sends the data content of the multicast service to UPE2, and UPE2 sends out The session start message, the network establishes a multicast bearer according to the MBMS bearer context, and sends the data content of the multicast service to the UE through the multicast bearer.
- the step specifically includes: when the data content arrives from the MCS2 to the UPE2, the Multicast Controller of the UPE2 sends an MBMS session start message to the eNodeB of the RAN2, which is the downlink node recorded in the MBMS bearer context. After receiving the message, the eNodeB of RAN2 establishes a multicast bearer for the multicast service of this type with UPE2. The UPE 2 transmits the data content to the UE via the RAN2, thereby enabling the UE to receive the data content of the multicast service in the second local multicast area (ie, A2 in this embodiment).
- the second local multicast area ie, A2 in this embodiment
- the scenario of another embodiment is as follows: The UE completes the MBMS registration in the local multicast area A1 and establishes the MBMS UE context. At any time before the end of the session, the UE leaves the local multicast area A1 and enters the local multicast area A2. At this time, the UE does not need to establish a new MBMS UE context in the local multicast area A2.
- the specific implementation process is shown in Figure 5:
- Step 510 Allocate a service ID for the same type of multicast service on the network side, set a multicast service management table, record different local multicast areas and multicast addresses corresponding to the service ID, and display an indication of the multicast service management table.
- Table 5 shows.
- Step 512 The UE is initially located in the local multicast area A1, and the service announcement sent by the network obtains the first multicast address of the local multicast area A1.
- Step 514 The UE initiates an MBMS registration request to the MME1, where the request includes the first multicast address.
- Step 516 The MME1 receives the registration request of the UE, and requests the BM-SC to perform the UE on the UE. Authentication.
- Step 518 After the UE is authenticated, the BM-SC sends the service ID corresponding to the MCS1, that is, TMGI0, to the MME1.
- the MBMS UE context is established between the MME1 and the UE, and the multicast addresses of the service identifiers TMGI0 and MCS1 are provided to the UE.
- the MME1 notifies the multicasting of the UE to the Multicast Controller of UPE1 and the eNodeB of RANI.
- MCS1 sends the data content of the multicast service to UPE1
- UPE1 sends a session start message
- the network establishes a multicast bearer
- the data content is transmitted through the multicast bearer.
- the multicast bearer is deleted.
- Step 520 When the user enters the local multicast area A2 from the local multicast area A1, the UE sends a handover request to the MME2, and reports the current location information, the identity information of the UE, and the MME related information.
- the identity information of the UE may be an original packet domain temporary mobile subscriber identity (P-TMSI); the MME related information may be original MME information, or other information used by the network side to distinguish or identify the MME;
- the location information may be information that reflects the division of a local multicast area, such as cell information, TA information (RA similar to GPRS), and the like.
- the MME2 can obtain the multicast address of the MME1 according to the original MME information and the original P-TMSI, thereby obtaining the established MBMS UE context on the MME1, and obtaining the context from the MBMS UE context. Querying the multicast service management table according to the service ID and the location information of the UE, obtaining a multicast address of the local multicast area where the UE is currently located, and receiving the multicast service from the multicast address. Business.
- the query multicast service management table includes: the MME2 receives the multicast service request, sends the TMGI0 and the location information (RAN2) of the UE to the BM-SC, and the BM-SC returns the multicast of the multicast source MCS2 corresponding to the location information. Address; or, MME2 requests the BM-SC to obtain a multicast management service table for self-viewing.
- the MME2 While obtaining the second multicast address of the MCS2, the MME2 also changes the MBMS UE context obtained from the MME1, such as changing the first multicast address recorded therein to the second multicast address, and then changing the MBMS UE.
- the context is returned to the UE, and the UE updates the parameters according to the MBMS UE context (see Table 6).
- the UE can continue to receive the same type of multicast service in the local multicast area A2 where it is currently located. It should be noted that, if the UE is the first user to apply for the multicast service from the multicast address A2, after the UE updates the MBMS UE context, it is also required to notify the Multicast Controller of the UPE2 and the RAN2 of the UE. The eNodeB, the Multicast Controller and the eNodeB establish an MBMS bearer context according to the new multicast address.
- the MME2 After completing the MBMS UE context update, the MME2 notifies the MME1 that the handover is completed, and the MME1 deletes the related information of the UE. If the UE is the only user of the MCS1, the MME1 notifies the Multicast Controller of the UPE1 and the eNodeB of the RANI to delete the MBMS UE context, the MBMS bearer context, and delete the multicast bearer, and the UPE1 is also deleted. An IGMP Leave message is sent to MCS1.
- MME2 updates the MBMS UE context with the UE and informs UPE2 and 007 001438 AN2
- the UE joins the multicast service.
- the UPE2 sends an IGMP join message to the MCS2, establishes a multicast bearer with the RAN2, and continues to provide the multicast service of the type to the user.
- UPE2 stops receiving the multicast service from MCS2, and the Multicast Controller of UPE2 sends a session end message to its downlink node (including the eNodeB of RAN2), and the eNodeB deletes the multicast bearer with UPE2.
- the multicast service can be revoked by the UE. Specifically, the UE sends an IGMP Leave message to the UPE2, and the MME2 sends the message to the BM-SC, and notifies the Multicast Controller of UPE2 and the eNodeB of RAN2. If MCS2 only provides multicast services for the UE, the Multicast Controller and eNodeB delete the MBMS bearer context.
- a UPE When a multicast bearer is deleted, if a UPE covers multiple local multicast zones, the network side deletes the multicast bearer according to the multicast address. For example, UPE2 covers the local multicast areas RAN2/A2 and RAN3/A3, and the multicast source MCS3 of the local multicast area A3 also provides the same type of multicast service as MCS2. At this time, other users exist on MCS3. After receiving the UE leaving message of the MME2, the UPE2 deletes the multicast bearer corresponding to the MCS2, and deletes the entry corresponding to the MCS2 in the MBMS bearer context, and retains the entry corresponding to the MCS3.
- a scenario of yet another embodiment is as follows: Suppose there are two multicast sources MCS1 and MCS2, MCS 1 serves local multicast area A1, the local multicast area A1 is under the coverage of RAN1; MCS2 serves local multicast Area A2, the local multicast area A2 is under the coverage of RAN2.
- different local multicast areas use different multicast bearers, and these multicast bearers are represented by different service IDs.
- the above service ID is set to be equivalent to ensure that users receive the same type of multicast service in different local multicast areas.
- the multicast service on the MCS1 is carried on the multicast bearer with the service ID TMGI1
- the multicast service on the MCS2 is carried on the multicast bearer with the service ID TMGI2.
- TMGIl and TMGI2 are set to be equivalent.
- the UE receives the service advertisement in the local multicast area A1, obtains the first multicast address of A1, and enters the local multicast area A2. At this time, the UE can still initiate registration by using the first multicast address provided by the local multicast area A1.
- the specific implementation process is shown in FIG. 6:
- Step 610 Set a multicast service management table, assign a service ID to each local multicast area, and set the service ID of the local multicast area of the same type of multicast service to be equivalent.
- operators can provide different data content in different local multicast areas for the same type of multicast service.
- Step 612 The UE is initially located in the local multicast area A1, and obtains the multicast address of the MCS1 through the service advertisement.
- the normal process is processed, that is, the UE initiates the MBMS registration and establishes the MBMS UE context.
- the MCS1 sends a multicast service to the UPE1, and the UPE1 sends a session start message.
- the network establishes a multicast bearer according to the MBMS bearer context, sends the multicast service to the UE through the multicast bearer, and deletes the multicast bearer after the session ends.
- step 614 is performed.
- Step 614 The UE initiates MBMS registration by using the multicast address of the MCS1.
- Step 616 After receiving the MBMS registration request of the UE, the MME2 sends the BM-SC to the BM-SC for authentication.
- Step 618 After the UE is authenticated, the BM-SC sends the service ID (ie, TMGI1) corresponding to the MCS1 to the MME2, and the MME2 and the UE start to establish the MBMS UE context.
- the UE reports the location information, where The location information may be information of a local multicast area such as cell information, TA information (RA equivalent to GPRS).
- the MME2 sends the location information of the TMGI1 and the UE to the BM-SC to obtain the service ID of the equivalent multicast bearer.
- the BM-SC will be equivalent to the TMGI1 and serve the current location of the UE.
- the multicast addresses of the service identifiers TMGI2 and MCS2 of the multicast bearer are sent to the MME2, and the MME2 completes the establishment of the MBMS UE context with the UE, and provides the multicast address of the MCS2 and the TMGI2 to the UE.
- the MME2 notifies the multicasting of the UE to the Multicast Controller of UPE2 and the eNodeB of RAN2. If the UE is the first user in the local multicast area A2 to apply for this type of multicast service, the Multicast Controller of UPE2 and the eNodeB of RAN2 need to establish an MBMS bearer context according to the multicast address of MCS2.
- Step 620 The MCS2 sends the data content of the multicast service to the UPE2, and the UPE2 sends a session start message, and the network establishes a multicast bearer, and sends the multicast service to the UE through the multicast bearer.
- the step specifically includes: UPE2 sends an IGMP join message to MCS2.
- UPE2's Multicast Controller sends an MBMS Session Start message to the downstream node recorded in its MBMS bearer context.
- the eNodeB of the RAN2 establishes a multicast bearer with the UPE2, and the UPE2 uses the multicast bearer to send the data content to the RAN2, and then transmits the data to the UE.
- the VPLMN When the user roams, according to the roaming agreement, the VPLMN sets the service ID requested by the user to the service ID in the network with which the roaming agreement is signed. When the user initiates the registration, the VPLMN continues to provide the multicast to the user by replacing the service ID. service.
- the scenario of still another embodiment is as follows: Suppose there are two multicast sources MCS 1 and MCS2, MCS1 serves the local multicast area A1, and MCS2 serves the local multicast area A2.
- MCS1 serves the local multicast area A1
- MCS2 serves the local multicast area A2.
- the UE completes the MBMS registration and establishes the MBMS UE context in the local multicast area A1. Before the end of the session, the UE leaves the local multicast area A1 and enters the local multicast area A2. At this time, the UE does not need to re-register and establish an MBMS UE context.
- Step 710 The network side sets the service IDs (ie, TMGI1 and TMGI2) of the two multicast bearers of the same type of multicast service as the equivalent service ID, and the specific implementation is shown in Table 7.
- Step 712 The user is initially located at A1 and obtains the multicast address of MCS1 through the service announcement.
- Step 714 The UE initiates an MBMS registration request to the MME1, including the multicast address of the MCS1.
- Step 716 After receiving the registration request of the UE, the MME1 sends the request to the BM-SC for authentication.
- Step 718 After the UE is authenticated, the BM-SC sends the service ID corresponding to the MCS1, that is, TMGI1, to the MME1, and the MME1 establishes an MBMS UE context with the UE, and the MBMS UE context is based on the multicast addresses of the TMGI1 and the MCS1. In addition, MME1 notifies UGP1's Multicast Controller and RANI's eNodeB of the UE's join status.
- MME1 notifies UGP1's Multicast Controller and RANI's eNodeB of the UE's join status.
- MCS1 sends a multicast service to UPE1
- UPE1 sends a session start message
- the network establishes a multicast bearer
- the data content is sent to the UE through the multicast bearer
- the Multicast Controller of UPE1 and the eNodeB of RANI also need to establish the MBMS bearer context in the multicast address of MCS1.
- Step 720 is performed.
- Step 7 2 0 The user enters the RAN2 from the RAI, and the UE sends a handover request to the MME2, and reports the current location information, the identity information of the UE, and the MME related information.
- the identity information of the UE may be the original P-TMSI; the MME related information may be original location information, or other information that the network side may use to distinguish or identify the MME.
- the MME 2 learns the address of the MME1 according to the original location information, obtains the MBMS UE context established on the original MME1 according to the identity information of the UE, and obtains the service identifier TMGI1 from the MBMS UE context.
- the MME2 sends the location information of the service identifier TMGI1 and the UE to the BM-SC, requesting to obtain the service ID of the equivalent multicast bearer.
- the BM-SC transmits the multicast address of the service identifiers TMGI2 and MCS2 of the multicast bearer that is equivalent to TMGI1 and serves the UE's current location to the MME2.
- the MME2 completes the MBMS UE context update with the UE, and transmits the multicast addresses of the TMGI2 and the MCS2 to the UE, and the UE receives the multicast service provided by the MCS2 from the eNodeB of the RAN2. Thereafter, the MME2 notifies the MME1 that the handover is completed, and the MME1 deletes the related information of the UE. At this time, if no other user on the MCS 1 requests the multicast service of this type, the MME1 notifies the Multicast Controller of the UPE1 and the eNodeB of the RANI to delete the MBMS bearer context, and the UPE1 sends an IGMP Leave message to the MCS1.
- the MME2 If there is no other user of the multicast service on the MCS2 before the UE switches to the MME2, the MME2 notifies the multicast controller of the UPE2 and the eNodeB of the RAN2 after completing the MBMS UE context update with the UE.
- the Multicast Controller and the eNodeB establish an MBMS bearer context, and the UPE2 sends an IGMP join message to the MCS2.
- UPE2 receives the data content, establishes a multicast bearer with RAN2, and continues to provide multicast services to the user.
- UPE2 stops receiving data content from MCS2, UPE2
- the Multicast Controller sends a session end message to its downstream node (including the eNodeB of RAN2), and the eNodeB deletes the multicast bearer with UPE2.
- the UE initiates a multicast service logout and sends an IGMP Leave message to UPE2.
- the MME2 sends the message to the BM-SC, and notifies the Multicast Controller of UPE2 and the eNodeB of RAN2.
- FIG. 4 is that the UE moves before registration, and the same type of multicast service allocates one service ID
- FIG. 5 is that the UE moves after registration, and the same type of multicast service allocates a service ID
- the UE moves before registration, the same type of multicast service allocates multiple service IDs and associates by setting an equivalence relationship
- FIG. 7 is that the UE moves after registration, and the same type of multicast service allocates multiple service IDs and Association is achieved by setting an equivalence relationship.
- a service area list may be added to the MME.
- Table 8 is a specific example of the service area list, which is not limited to this format in practical applications.
- the service area list is stored in the MME, and includes content such as a multicast address, a local multicast area, and an equivalent multicast address.
- the local multicast area refers to: the multicast address provides a range of multicast services
- the equivalent multicast address refers to: a multicast address capable of providing the same type of multicast service in other local multicast areas.
- Table 8 an entry is set for each multicast address.
- the service area list may be in any of the following formats:
- the format 1 records a correspondence between a multicast address supported in the network, a local multicast area, and an equivalent multicast address, and the multicast address points to a multicast source that provides a multicast service.
- the local multicast area is limited to the coverage area of the current MME, and if not, it is empty.
- Format 3 Record the correspondence between the multicast address of the MCS, the local multicast area, and the equivalent multicast address in the coverage area of the current MME supported in the network.
- the MME obtains the location information of the UE and the original multicast address, and searches for an entry of the original multicast address from the list of service areas saved by itself, if the original multicast address corresponds to more local
- the broadcast area does not match the location information of the UE, searches for all the equivalent multicast addresses of the original multicast address, determines an equivalent multicast address that the local multicast area matches the location information of the UE, that is, a valid multicast address, and then according to
- the effective multicast address establishes or updates an MBMS UE context, an MBMS bearer context, and establishes a corresponding multicast bearer.
- the location information of the UE and the provided multicast address may be determined according to the service area list. Compliance, that is, the multicast address and the local multicast area satisfy the corresponding relationship recorded in the service area list.
- the MME obtains the location information, the service ID, and the original multicast address of the UE.
- the UE may be determined according to the service area list. The location information does not match the original multicast address. Then, the MME obtains the effective multicast address of the local multicast area currently located through the service area list, and updates the multicast address of the MCS of the UE to the effective multicast address.
- the BM-SC will request the missing entry, that is, the local multicast area corresponding to the multicast address, the equivalent multicast address, and the BM-SC receives the request. After that, the corresponding entry is sent to ⁇ , which is recorded in the service area list. Further, for example, the entry of the original multicast address is required, and the BM-SC may also provide an entry of the original multicast address to all the equivalent multicast addresses of the original multicast address, i) Return to the MME.
- the BM-SC after setting the related information of a certain type of multicast service or setting the multicast service management table, the BM-SC notifies all MMEs of the correspondence between the multicast address, the local multicast area, and the equivalent multicast address.
- the list of service areas is recorded or updated by the MME. Further, when the local multicast area of a certain type of multicast service changes, for example, the local multicast area becomes larger or smaller, the BM-SC sends a service area update message to the MME, and the MME updates the service area list accordingly.
- the MME is requested to delete entries of all multicast addresses associated with the type of multicast service.
- the service area list is format one or format three
- the MME deletes an entry in the service area list corresponding to the above multicast address.
- the source cell moves to the coverage area of another eNodeB (referred to as the destination cell), and the user listens to the broadcast channel of the target cell, thereby knowing which broadcast services are provided by the target cell.
- the corresponding broadcast service is obtained in the target cell by reporting the identity of the broadcast service that it is required to receive.
- MCS1 provides broadcast service for the local broadcast area A1.
- the A1 area is covered by RAN1
- MCS2 provides broadcast service for the local broadcast area A2.
- the A2 area is under the coverage of RAN2. .
- a certain type of broadcast service S uses a broadcast bearer with service ID TMGI1 on MCS1 and a broadcast bearer with service ID TMGI2 on MCS2, both of which use the enhanced broadcast mode to transmit data content on the air interface.
- the enhanced broadcast refers to counting users in an air interface, and if there is a user, transmitting data content of the broadcast service, if the number is small, using a point-to-point transmission channel, if the number is large, using a point-to-point The transmission channel of the point.
- the eNodeB of the access network sends an MBMS Service Change message to all UEs, which carries the service ID of the MBMS. After receiving the message, the UE reports a response message to the eNodeB if it determines that it is required to receive the broadcast service of the type according to the service ID.
- the eNodeB obtains the number of users requesting to receive the type of broadcast service by counting the response messages.
- the network side (for example, the broadcast service management table is set on the MME) has established an association relationship between the TMGI1 and the TMGI2.
- the network side can send the association relationship to the UE through the service advertisement.
- the UE broadcasts through the system of the A2 area, and finds that the current area is used to send the broadcast service is TMGI2.
- the UE reports a response message to the eNodeB according to the association relationship between TMGI2 and TMGI1. Afterwards, the eNodeB can use the enhanced broadcast mode to provide broadcast services to the UE through TMGI2.
- the UE sends a Service Request request to the MME2, and after receiving the request message, the MME2 obtains the TMGI1 requested by the UE, and determines that the A2 area does not exist.
- the eNodeB searches the broadcast service management table, determines the service identifier TMGI2 associated with the TMGI1, and provides the broadcast service to the UE through the broadcast bearer indicated by the TMGI2.
- a system for implementing a multimedia broadcast multicast MBMS service including:
- At least one terminal UE receiving a multimedia broadcast multicast service, and switching in a different multimedia broadcast multicast area;
- the first network unit establishes an association relationship for different multimedia broadcast multicast bearers of the same type of multimedia broadcast multicast service, where the multimedia broadcast multicast service is carried on different multimedia broadcast multicast bearers, and each multimedia broadcast multicast bearer Corresponding to a multimedia broadcast multicast area;
- the second network unit provides the multimedia broadcast multicast bearer of the multimedia broadcast multicast area where the UE is currently located to the UE according to the association relationship between the different multimedia broadcast multicast bearers corresponding to the multimedia broadcast multicast service requested by the UE.
- the UE is configured to: receive a service advertisement from the first local multimedia broadcast multicast area, obtain a first multimedia broadcast multicast address corresponding to the first local multimedia broadcast multicast area; and switch before performing MBMS registration Initiating MBMS registration in the second local multimedia broadcast multicast area by using the first multimedia broadcast multicast address to the second local multimedia broadcast multicast area;
- the second network unit is configured to: obtain location information of the UE, query a multimedia broadcast multicast service management table, and obtain a second multimedia broadcast multicast address corresponding to the second local multimedia broadcast multicast area, according to the second multiple
- the media broadcast multicast address establishes an MBMS context.
- the UE is configured to: complete MBMS registration in the first local multimedia broadcast multicast area; switch to the second local multimedia before ending the multimedia broadcast multicast service Broadcasting the multicast area, and reporting the location information of the UE to the network side;
- the second network unit is configured to: query a multimedia broadcast multicast service management table according to location information of the UE, and obtain a second multimedia broadcast multicast address corresponding to the second local multimedia broadcast multicast area, according to the second multimedia
- the broadcast multicast multicast address establishes an MBMS context in the second local multimedia broadcast multicast area.
- the multimedia broadcast multicast service management table is stored in the first network element.
- the first network element is a BM-SC, and the second network unit is an MME; for a broadcast service, the first network element is an MME, and the second network element is an eNodeBo
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for implementing a multimedia broadcast multicast service, which can better access a new local multicast area and receive a multicast service when a user moves between areas.
- a multimedia broadcast multicast service which can better access a new local multicast area and receive a multicast service when a user moves between areas.
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Description
一种实现多媒体广播多播服务的方法和系统
技术领域
本发明涉及通信网络的多媒体广播多播服务,具体涉及在多媒体 广播多播区域发生切换时实现多媒体广播多播服务的方法和系统。 发明背景
作为制定第三代通信技术标准的标准化组织, 第三代伙伴项目
( 3GPP )从 R6版本开始, 就在核心网上提供多媒体广播多播能力。 具体为: 在核心网中增加一个新的网元设备, 即广播多播服务中心
( BM-SC ) ,作为 UMTS网络上广播多播服务的数据源。所述 BM-SC 用于管理多媒体广播多播服务(MBMS )的工作, 比如提供成员管理 功能、 会话和传输功能、 代理和传输功能、 服务通告功能、 安全功能 等。 BM-SC直接与 GPRS的网关服务节点(GGSN )相连, 将广播多 播服务数据发送给 UMTS网络。
在 R6版本之后, 3GPP演进网络也能够支持广播多播能力, 比 如通过 MBMS注册、 MBMS会话开始、 MBMS数据传输、 MBMS会 话结束、 MBMS注销等流程实现广播多播能力。 此外, 3GPP演进网 络还支持 internet上的多播服务,允许将 internet上的多播服务在 3GPP 演进网络上传输。
在 3GPP演进网络中, MBMS可以通过订阅、 服务通告、 加入、 会话开始、 MBMS 通知、 数据传送、 会话结束和离开等流程完成整 个 MBMS的多播服务。 负责数据、信令传输的节点使用到两个参数: MBMS UE上下文和 MBMS承载上下文, 其中 MBMS UE上下文与 UE相关, MBMS承载上下文与承载相关。
当某个节点上有第一个 UE注册时, 该节点建立 MBMS承载上 下文并向其上级节点注册。 每个 MBMS承载上下文中设置有一个下 行节点列表, 某个节点收到其下级节点的注册请求时, 将该下级节点 添加到下行节点列表中。 当发生下行方向的数据、 信令传输时, 节点 利用自身的下行节点列表建立与下行节点的承载,并通过该承载向下 传输数据、 信令等内容。
在现有的多播技术中, 每个多播服务定义有一个多播区域, 用户 只有在这个多播区域才能接收到该多播服务,所述多播区域包括多个 本地多播区域(Local multicast area )。 同一类型的多播服务在不同的 本地多播区域播放的数据内容会有所不同,上述功能是通过不同的多 播承载实现的。比如,同一类型的多播服务可以由多个多播承载传输, 不同的本地多播区域使用不同的多播承载来发布同一类型的多播服 务的数据内容。
这样的话, 当用户当前位于的本地多播区域发生变化时, 与该类 型的多播服务对应的数据内容也希望得到相应变化。 比如, 对于"天 气预报"这一类型的多播服务, 假设用户在北京订阅了 "天气预报", 如果该用户从北京漫游到上海, 用户希望收到的是上海的天气预报, 即在北京收到北京的天气预报, 在上海收到上海的天气预报。
实际情况是: 用户在原本地多播区域注册后, 移动过程中离开原 本地多播区域、 进入新本地多播区域时, 由于两个本地多播区域的多 播承载使用不同的服务标识(ID ) , 彼此之间无法建立联系, 致使用 户所需的多播服务中断。 若想在新本地多播区域获得多播服务, 用户 只能在该新本地多播区域的多播承载上接收服务通知,再次接入该类 型的多播服务。 所述服务通知包括服务 ID、 多播地址 (指的是用于 提供多播服务的多播源的地址)等接入参数。 上述过程涉及到用户的
重新注册等操作, 会给用户造成不便, 还可能贻误多播服务的接收。 即使用户是在原本地多播区域接收服务通告,获得多播服务的接 入参数 (比如多播地址等)后, 离开该原本地多播区域进入新本地多 播区域,用户利用原先获得的多播地址也无法从新本地多播区域的多 播承载获得多播服务。 发明内容
本发明实施例中提供一种实现多媒体广播多播 MBMS服务的方 法和系统, 主要技术方案如下:
一种实现多媒体广播多播 MBMS服务的方法, 所述多媒体广播 多播服务承载在不同的多媒体广播多播承载上,每个多媒体广播多播 承载对应一个多媒体广播多播区域, 该方法包括:
在网络侧为同一类型的多媒体广播多播服务的不同多媒体广播 多播承载建立关联关系;
UE在不同的多媒体广播多播区域切换, 网络侧根据该 UE请求 的多媒体广播多播服务对应的不同多媒体广播多播承载间的关联关 系, 将 UE当前所在的多媒体广播多播区域的多媒体广播多播承载提 供给该 UE。
一种实现多媒体广播多播 MBMS服务的系统, 包括:
至少一个终端 UE, 接收多媒体广播多播服务, 并在不同的多媒 体广播多播区域切换;
第一网络单元,为同一类型的多媒体广播多播服务的不同多媒体 广播多播承载建立关联关系,所述多媒体广播多播服务承载在不同的 多媒体广播多播承载上,每个多媒体广播多播承载对应一个多媒体广 播多播区域;
第二网络单元, 根据 UE请求的多媒体广播多播服务对应的不同 多媒体广播多播承载间的关联关系, 将 UE当前所在的多媒体广播多 播区域的多媒体广播多播承载提供给该 UE。
本发明实施例中提供的实现多媒体广播多播 MBMS服务的方法 和系统, 在 UE发生区域间移动时, 能够更好地支持多媒体广播多播 服务。 附图简要说明
图 1示出提供多播服务的网络结构和多播服务的注册流程; 图 2是本发明一个实施例中实现多播服务的流程图;
图 3 是本发明一个实施例中具有多个本地多播区域的网络结构 的示意图;
图 4是本发明一个实施例中实现多播服务的流程图;
图 5是本发明一个实施例中实现多播服务的流程图;
图 6是本发明一个实施例中实现多播服务的流程图;
图 7是本发明一个实施例中实现多播服务的流程图。 实施本发明的方式
以下参照附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明。
在图 1中, 用于提供多播服务的网络, 比如 3GPP演进网络, 包 括以下实体(在下述说明中,将除 UE之外的网络部分称为"网络侧 "): 移动管理实体 (MME ) 101 , 负责对 UE102 进行移动性管理; eNodeB103是位于接入网中负责数据传输的实体。
用户面实体( UPE )104是核心网中负责数据传输的实体。在 3GPP 演进网絡中, UPE可以连接包括 internetl 05的 PDN。 实际应用中,
并不是所有的 UPE都需要支持广播多播能力。 将能够支持广播多播 能力的 UPE称为 Multicast UPE116, 它在 Multicast Controller 126的 协助下提供广播多播能力, Multicast UPE和 Multicast Controller构成 一个多媒体广播多播服务(MBMS ) 106实体。所述 MBMS通过订阅、 服务通告、 加入、 会话开始、 MBMS 通知、 数据传送、 会话结束和 离开等流程实现 MBMS多播服务。
广播多播服务中心(BM-SC ) 107是 UMTS网络中提供广播多播 数据的源头。 BM-SC可以直接与 MME及 Multicast controller连接, 将广播多播数据发送给 UMTS网络。 它具有管理 MBMS的功能, 比 如成员管理功能、会话和传输功能、代理和传输功能、服务通告功能、 安全功能等。
在图 1 的网络中, 能够提供一种多媒体广播多播服务的实现方 法, 同一类型的多播服务承载在多个不同的多播承载上, 每个多播承 载对应一个本地多播区域。 需要说明的是, 同一类型的多播服务在不 同的本地多播区域的数据内容是不同的,比如某一类型的多播服务为 提供天气预报, 对于北京和天津这两个本地多播区域而言, 天气预报 的具体内容是不同的。
在下面的描述中, 以多播服务 (又称組播服务) 为例加以说明。 需要指出的是, 以下的实施例同样适用于广播服务 即本发明的实施 例可以适用于多媒体广播多播服务。
要实现上述多播服务,需要在网络侧将同一类型的多播服务的不 同多播承载进行关联。 当 UE在不同的本地多播区域间切换时, 网络 侧根据不同的多播承载间的关联关系建立或者更新 MBMS上下文, 并根据所述 MBMS上下文建立相应的多播承载, 以便在新的本地多 播区域为 UE提供多播服务的数据内容。 所述 MBMS上下文可以是
MBMS UE上下文和 /或 MBMS承载上下文。
图 2示出本发明一个实施例中多播服务的实现流程, 具体包括: 步驟 201: 在网络侧为不同的多播承载建立关联关系。
比如, 在网络侧为某一类型的多播服务设置一个服务 ID, 将该 类型的多播服务的不同多播承载都对应到该服务 ID。 又如, 对于同 一类型的多播服务的不同多播承载, 在网络侧用不同的服务 ID分别 指示上述不同的多播承载, 并将这些服务 ID设为等价, 从而关联上 述多播承载。
具体实现时, 可以在 BM-SC中设置多播服务管理表, 用于记录 服务 ID、 本地多播区域及多播地址的对应关系, 所述多播地址用于 指向提供多播服务的多播源(MCS )。 在本地多播区域中, 为某一类 型的多播服务提供数据内容的多播源可以有多个。
比如, 在表 1-a所示的多播服务管理表中, 某个服务 ID对应多 个多播地址的多个多播承载,这些多播承载只在指定的本地多播区域 提供多播服务的数据内容。需要说明的是,这些对应于同一个服务 ID 的多播承载虽然提供的是同一类型的多播服务,但其数据内容可能是 不同的。
表 1-a
又如, 为多个不同的本地多播区域设置对应的服务 ID, 并将所 述服务 ID设为等价服务 ID。 在 BM-SC中设置多播服务管理表, 用 于记录服务 ID、 本地多播区域和多播地址的对应关系, 以及服务 ID 之间的等价关系 (其中一个具体示例见表 1-b ) 。
表 1-b
当然, 也可以采用其它方式建立不同的多播承载的关联关系。 步骤 202: 用户通过 Web、 短信等方式订阅多播服务。 在提供多 播服务之前, BM-SC 针对不同的本地多播区域发出服务通告, 该服 务通告包含本地多播区域的多播地址, 终端 (UE ) 可以从该服务通 告中获得当前所在的本地多播区域(假设为本地多播区域 1 ) 的多播 地址。
如果 UE获得该多播地址后, 还未发起 MBMS注册就离开本地 多播区域 1而进入本地多播区域 2, 执行步骤 205。 此时, UE记录的 是本地多播区域 1的多播地址, 位于的是本地多播区域 2。
如果 UE在发起 MBMS注册之前, 并未离开本地多播区域 1, 执 行步骤 203。
步骤 203: UE发起 MBMS注册, 网络侧确定与 UE的多播地址 对应的服务 ID, 在本地多播区域 1建立 MBMS UE上下文和 MBMS 承载上下文。
具体为: 在多播服务开始之前, UE利用多播地址发出多播加入 信令 ( IGMP Join ) (步骤 S 1 ) 。 UPE收到 IGMP后 , 向 MME发出 加入请求 ( Join Request ) (步骤 S2 ) 。 MME利用 UE的身份标识、 多播地址到 BM-SC进行鉴权(步骤 S3 ) 。
BM-SC对 UE进行鉴权,确定与 UE提供的多播地址对应的服务 ID, 并将鉴权结果和服务 ID发送给 MME (步驟 S4 ) 。 MME与 UE
间建立 MBMS UE上下文,将服务 ID发送给 UE,发起激活上下文的 操作 (步骤 S6 ) 。 UE发送激活上下文的请求给] ViME, 告知其所在 的位置信息。 MME收到该请求后, 通过向 BM-SC查询获得 UE当前 所在的本地多播区域和多播地址。
MME 将多播服务相关信息通知给为该 UE 提供多播承载的 eNodeB (步骤 S7 ) 和 Multicast Controller (步驟 S8 ) , 所述多播服 务相关信息包括本地多播区域标识、 多播地址、 月良务 ID。 eNodeB和 Multicast Controller上建立 MBMS承载上下文, 然后 Multicast UPE 向多播地址指示的多播源发出服务加入消息(步骤 S12 )。所述 MBMS 承载上下文(其中一个具体示例见表 2 ) 包括服务 ID、 本地多播区域 和多播地址。
在建立 MBMS UE上下文后、 多播服务结束前的任一时间, 如果 该 UE离开本地多播区域 1 ,执行步骤 204; 如果该 UE留在本地多播 区域 1, 执行步骤 206。
也就是说, 所述离开指的是在建立 MBMS UE上下文后即行离 开, 也可以是在接收多播服务的数据内容期间离开。
步骤 204: UE从本地多播区域 1进入本地多播区域 2, 该 UE向 网络侧上报新的位置信息和原 MME标识, 网络侧查询多播服务管理 表, 获得新的多播地址(即本地多播区域 2的多播地址) , 根据新的 多播地址更新从原 MME获得的 MBMS UE上下文,再执行步骤 206。
具体为: 网络侧根据原 MME标识和 UE的位置信息, 获得在原
MME上保存的 MBMS UE上下文, 从所述 MBMS UE上下文获得服 务 ID, 再根据 UE的位置信息、 服务 ID查询多播服务管理表, 获得 与本地多播区域 2对应的新的多播地址。网络侧根据新的多播地址更 新 MBMS UE上下文,同时 UE也会更新其保存的 MBMS UE上下文。
对于 UE而言, ^ L MBMS UE上下文后, 该 UE便可继续从新 的多播地址接收多播服务的数据内容, 而不会导致多播服务中断。
对于 MME而言, 该 MME会将 UE离开本地多播区域 1、 加入 本地多播区域 2 的消息告知本地多播区域 2 的网络节点 UPE、 Multicast Controller和 eNodeB。
如果本地多播区域 2中已有其它用户申请了该类型的多播服务, 可直接利用已有的 MBMS 承载上下文。 否则, 需要建立一个新的 MBMS承载上下文。 比如, 如果本地多播区域 2 中尚无其它用户申 请对应于新的多播地址的多播服务, 即该 UE是首位申请的用户, 此 时要建立一个 MBMS承载上下文。
再有,对于使用同一个服务 ID指示同一类型的多播服务的情况, 不同的本地多播区域及多播地址都对应同一个服务 ID。 如果此前已 有其他用户在其他本地多播区域 (除本地多播区域 2之外)申请了该 类型的多播服务, 那么, 在其他本地多播区域的节点巳建立 MBMS 承载上下文。 但是, 已建立的 MBMS承载上下文并不针对本地多播 区域 2, 因此需要添加本地多播区域 2的 MBMS承载上下文, 并将 该 MBMS承载上下文指向同一个服务 ID。
实际应用中, MBMS UE上下文用于指示 UE如何接收多播服务。 需要说明的是, 该 MBMS UE上下文并非必不可少的, 比如在 UE已 经知道如何在接入网接收多播服务时, MBMS UE上下文就可以不必 设置。对于不使用 MBMS UE上下文的情况, UE上报服务 ID和位置
信息后, 网络侧对 UE进行鉴权, 将新的服务接入方式提供给 UE, UE 便可在当前所在的本地多播区域继续接收网络侧提供的多播服 务。其中,向 UE提供服务接入方式的网络节点可以是 MME、 eNodeB 或其它实体。
步骤 205: UE利用本地多播区域 1的多播地址发起 MBMS注册, 网络侧根据该多播地址查询多播服务管理表,获得该类型的多播服务 的服务 ID,并在 MBMS UE上下文的建立过程中获得该 UE的位置信 息, 从而确定 UE当前所在的本地多播区域(即本地多播区域 2 ) 的 标识。 之后, 根据服务 ID和本地多播区域 2标识查找多播服务管理 表, 获得新的多播地址, 完成 MBMS UE上下文的建立。
步骤 206: UPE收到 internet上某个多播源的数据内容后, 执行 会话开始流程。 网络侧根据 MBMS承载上下文建立相应的多播承载, 将从多播地址接收到的数据内容通过该多播承载发送给 UE。
所述网络侧建立多播承载指的是: 基于 UPE 和 eNodeB 上的 MBMS承载上下文记录的多播地址,UPE与 eNodeB间建立多播承载。
当一个 UPE能够接收多个多播源发来的数据内容时, 该 UPE根 据不同多播源对应的多播地址, 为不同的多播源建立独立的多播承 载,不同多播地址上收到的数据内容在对应的多播承载上传输。这样, 表 1-a和表 1- b还可增加一列: UPE标识, 用于表示在对应的本地多 播区域中多播源通过哪个 UPE提供多播服务。 MME在执行位置更新 时, 会将 UE订阅的多播服务的相关信息发送给表 1指定的 Multicast 进一步地, 本实施例的流程还可以包括:
步骤 207: 当所述多播服务结束时, 拆除相应的多播承载。
拆除多播承载的具体操作与多播服务管理表的设置相关。如果多
播服务管理表按照表 1-a的格式设置, 即为不同的本地多播区域及多 播地址设置同一个服务 ID, 在拆除多播承载时, 可以根据不同的多 播地址分别进行拆除, 具体为: 当某个多播地址上的数据内容不再发 送给 Multicast UPE时, Multicast Controller向 eNodeB通知会话结束 消息, 将停止提供多播服务的多播地址告知 eNodeB, 并拆除该多播 地址对应的多播承载。 如果 MBMS承载上下文中还有未被删除的多 播承载, 则该 MBMS承载上下文就不会被删除; 否则, 在拆除多播 载后删除该 MBMS承载上下文。
实际应用中, UE离开本地多播区域、发起多播服务注销时, MME 根据该 UE 提供的多播地址, 将 UE 离开消息通知给 Multicast Controller和 /或 eNodeB。 ί:口果 Multicast Controller和 /或 eNodeB节点 在该多播地址上不再有要求提供多播服务的 UE, 上述节点可以删除 MBMS 承载上下文中与该多播地址对应的记录。 如果上述节点上与 该类型的多播服务对应的所有多播地址的记录都被删除,上述节点可 以删除该 MBMS 载上下文。
根据本实施例提供的方法, 如果用户处于漫游状态, 该用户可以 利用漫游前获得的本地多播区域 1的多播地址发起多播注册。 BM-SC 根据该本地多播区域 1的多播地址,确定用户当前所在的本地多播区 域 2, 将与该本地多播区域 2对应的、 能为用户提供同一类型的多播 服务的多播地址发送给用户。
图 3 为本发明一个实施例中具有多个本地多播区域的网络结构 的示意图, 其中 RAN1和 RAN2分别覆盖本地多播区域 A1和 A2。 下面, 结合图 3所示的网络结构, 详细描述本发明的实施例中多播服 务的实现流程。
一个实施例的场景如下: UE在第一本地多播区域 (即本实施例
中的 Al )接收服务通告, 获得指向 MCS 1的第一多播地址。 之后, 该 UE离开 A1 , 切换到第二多播区域(即 A2 ) 。 此时, UE可利用 第一多播地址在 A2发起 MBMS注册。 这样, 可以避免因错过 A2的 服务通告, 导致 UE无法注册的情况发生。 具体执行过程见图 4: 步骤 410: 在网络侧设置多播服务管理表, 为同一类型的多播服 务分配一个服务 ID, 用于记录该类型的多播服务在不同的本地多播 区域使用的多播地址, 所述多播服务管理表的一个示例见表 3。
步骤 412: UE 最初位于本地多播区域 A1 , 通过本地多播区域 A1 的网络发送的服务通告, 获得多播源 MCS 1的第一多播地址, 该 多播源 MCS1能够在本地多播区域 A1提供多播服务。
如果 UE没有移动到其他本地多播区域, 而是始终位于该本地多 播区域 Al, 按正常流程处理。 具体为: UE发起 MBMS注册, 建立 MBMS UE上下文。 当 MCS 1向 UPE1提供多播服务的数据内容时, UPE1发出会话开始消息,网络侧根据 MBMS承载上下文建立多播承 载, 并通过该多播承载将多播服务的数据内容发送给 UE。 当然, 在 会话结束后, 所述多播承载将被删除。
如果 UE从 A1移动到 A2, 执行步骤 414。
步骤 414: UE利用第一多播地址向 MME2发起 MBMS注册。 步骤 416: MME2收到 UE的注册请求后, 通知 BM-SC对 UE进 行鉴权。
步骤 418: 该 UE通过鉴权后, BM-SC将 MCS2对应的服务 ID
(即 TMGIO )发送给 MME2, MME2与 UE间建立 MBMS UE上下 文, 在建立 MBMS UE上下文的过程中获得 UE的位置信息, 从而获 知 UE当前所在的本地多播区域。 之后, 根据服务 ID及本地多播区 域查询所述多播服务管理表, 获得 MME2所支持的多播地址, 即与 MCS2 对应的第二多播地址, 再将第二多播地址及服务标识 TMGI0 提供给 UE, 且 MME2根据第二多播地址更新 MBMS UE上下文。
具体实现时, 可以由 MME2将 TMGI0及 UE当前所在的位置信 息 (RAN2 )发送给 BM- SC, BM-SC返回该位置信息对应的多播源 MCS2的多播地址; 也可以由 MME2向 BM-SC请求获得多播管理服 务表, 以供 MME2查阅。
此外, MME2 还会将 UE 的相关信息通知 UPE2 的 Multicast Controller和 RAN2的 eNodeB , 所述 UE的相关信息包括第二多播地 址、 本地多播区域、 下行节点标识和服务 ID等。
如果该 UE是 UPE2中第一个向 MCS2申请多播服务的用户, 需 要在 UPE2的 Multicast Controller和 RAN2的 eNodeB上建立 MBMS 承载上下文。 其中, 表 4-a示出的是 Multicast Controller参数, 表 4-b 示出的是 eNodeB参数。
步骤 420: MCS2向 UPE2发送多播服务的数据内容, UPE2发出
会话开始消息, 网络根据 MBMS承载上下文建立多播承载, 并通过 该多播承载将多播服务的数据内容发送给 UE。
该步骤具体包括: 当数据内容从 MCS2到达 UPE2时, UPE2的 Multicast Controller向 MBMS承载上下文中记录的下行节点即 RAN2 的 eNodeB发送 MBMS会话开始消息。 RAN2的 eNodeB收到该消息 后, 与 UPE2建立该类型的多播服务的多播承载。 UPE2将数据内容 经过 RAN2发送给 UE, 从而使得 UE能够在第二本地多播区域(即 本实施例中的 A2 )接收多播服务的数据内容。
另一个实施例的场景如下: UE在本地多播区域 A1完成 MBMS 注册, 并建立 MBMS UE上下文。 在会话结束前的任一时刻, 该 UE 离开本地多播区域 A1 , 进入本地多播区域 A2。 此时, UE无需在本 地多播区域 A2建立一个新的 MBMS UE上下文。 具体执行过程见图 5:
步骤 510: 在网络侧为同一类型的多播服务分配一个服务 ID, 设 置多播服务管理表, 记录该服务 ID对应的不同本地多播区域及多播 地址, 该多播服务管理表的一个示例如表 5所示。
步骤 512: UE最初位于本地多播区域 Al, 通过网络发送的服务 通告获得该本地多播区域 A1的第一多播地址。
步骤 514: UE向 MME1发起 MBMS注册请求, 该请求包含第一 多播地址。
步驟 516: MME1收到 UE的注册请求,要求 BM-SC对 UE进行
鉴权。
步骤 518: 该 UE通过鉴权后, BM-SC将 MCS1对应的服务 ID 即 TMGI0发送给 MME1。 MME1与 UE间建立 MBMS UE上下文, 将服务标识 TMGI0及 MCS 1的多播地址提供给 UE。
该步驟中, MME1将 UE的加入情况通知给 UPE1 的 Multicast Controller和 RANI的 eNodeB。
此后, 如果 UE停留在本地多播区域 A1 , 按正常流程处理, 即: MCS1向 UPE1发送多播服务的数据内容, UPE1发送会话开始消息, 网络建立多播承载, 并通过多播承载将数据内容发送给 UE。 会话结 束后, 该多播承载被删除。
如果 UE从本地多播区域 A1 进入本地多播区域 A2, 执行步骤
520。
步骤 520: 当用户从本地多播区域 A1进入本地多播区域 A2时, UE向 MME2发出切换请求, 上报它当前所在的位置信息、 该 UE的 身份信息及 MME相关信息。
其中, 所述 UE 的身份信息可以是原分组域临时移动用户标识 ( P-TMSI ); 所述 MME相关信息可以是原 MME信息, 也可以是网 络侧用于区分或标识 MME的其它信息; 所述位置信息可以是能反映 某个本地多播区域的划分情况的信息, 比如小区信息、 TA信息 (类 似于 GPRS的 RA ) 等。
由于每个 MME的覆盖区域是不同的, 所以 MME2可以根据原 MME信息及原 P-TMSI获得 MME1 的多播地址, 从而获得 MME1 上已建立的 MBMS UE上下文,并从所述 MBMS UE上下文中获得服 务 ID, 根据该服务 ID及 UE的位置信息查询多播服务管理表, 获得 UE 当前所在的本地多播区域的多播地址, 从该多播地址接收多播服
务。
所述查询多播服务管理表包括: MME2 收到多播服务请求, 将 UE的 TMGI0及位置信息 ( RAN2 )发送给 BM-SC, BM-SC返回该 位置信息对应的多播源 MCS2的多播地址; 或者, MME2向 BM-SC 请求获得多播管理服务表, 以供自身查阅。
在获得 MCS2的第二多播地址的同时, MME2还对从 MME1获 得的 MBMS UE上下文进行更改,比如将其中记录的第一多播地址更 改为第二多播地址, 再将更改后的 MBMS UE上下文返回给 UE, UE 根据该 MBMS UE上下文对参数进行更新 (见表 6 ) 。
经过上述更新, UE就可以在当前所在的本地多播区域 A2继续 接收同一类型的多播服务。 需要说明的是, 如果该 UE是第一个申请 从多播地址 A2获得多播服务的用户, 则在 UE更新 MBMS UE上下 文后, 还需将该 UE的加入情况通知 UPE2的 Multicast Controller和 RAN2的 eNodeB , 由 Multicast Controller和 eNodeB根据新的多播地 址建立一个 MBMS承载上下文。
MME2完成 MBMS UE上下文更新后, 通知 MME1切换完成, MME1将 UE的相关信息删除。 如果该 UE是 MCS1的唯一用户, 由 于不再有其它用户申请 MCS1 上的多播服务, MME1通知 UPE1 的 Multicast Controller和 RANI 的 eNodeB删除 MBMS UE上下文、 MBMS承载上下文,并删除多播承载, UPE1还会向 MCS1发送 IGMP 离开消息。
此外, MME2与 UE更新 MBMS UE上下文, 并告知 UPE2和
007 001438 AN2该 UE加入到多播服务中。 UPE2向 MCS2发送 IGMP加入消 息,建立与 RAN2的多播承载,继续将该类型的多播服务提供给用户。
当多播服务结束时, UPE2停止从 MCS2接收多播服务, UPE2 的 Multicast Controller向其下行节点 (包括 RAN2的 eNodeB )发送 会话结束消息, eNodeB删除与 UPE2间的多播承载。
多播服务注销也可以由 UE发起,具体为: UE向 UPE2发出 IGMP 离开消息, MME2将该消息发送给 BM-SC,并通知 UPE2的 Multicast Controller和 RAN2的 eNodeB。如果 MCS2仅为该 UE提供多播服务, 则 Multicast Controller和 eNodeB删除 MBMS承载上下文。
在删除多播承载时, 如果某个 UPE覆盖多个本地多播区域, 则 网络侧根据多播地址删除多播承载。 例如, UPE2覆盖本地多播区域 RAN2/A2和 RAN3/A3 , 本地多播区域 A3的多播源 MCS3也提供与 MCS2 同一类型的多播服务, 此时 MCS3上有其他用户存在。 UPE2 收到 MME2的 UE离开消息后, 将与 MCS2对应的多播承载删除, 并删除 MBMS承载上下文中与 MCS2对应的条目, 保留与 MCS3对 应的条目。
又一个实施例的场景如下: 假设有两个多播源 MCS1和 MCS2, M C S 1服务于本地多播区域 A 1 ,该本地多播区域 A 1在 RAN 1的覆盖 下; MCS2服务于本地多播区域 A2, 该本地多播区域 A2在 RAN2 的覆盖下。
其中, 不同的本地多播区域使用不同的多播承载, 这些多播承载 用不同的服务 ID表示。 上述服务 ID设为等价, 以保障用户在不同本 地多播区域接收到同一类型的多播服务。
比如, MCS1上的多播服务承载在服务 ID为 TMGI1的多播承载 上, MCS2上的多播服务承载在服务 ID为 TMGI2 的多播承载上,
TMGIl和 TMGI2设为等价。 UE在本地多播区域 A1接收服务通告, 获得 A1的第一多播地址后进入本地多播区域 A2。 此时, UE仍可利 用本地多播区域 A1提供的第一多播地址发起注册, 具体执行过程见 图 6:
步骤 610: 设置多播服务管理表, 每个本地多播区域分配一个服 务 ID,并将同一类型的多播服务的本地多播区域的服务 ID设为等价。
通过上述设置, 运营商可以针对同一类型的多播服务, 在不同的 本地多播区域提供不同的数据内容。
步骤 612: UE 最初位于本地多播区域 A1 , 通过服务通告获得 MCS1的多播地址。
如果用户在发起 MBMS注册前并未发生移动,按正常流程处理, 即: UE发起 MBMS注册, 建立 MBMS UE上下文。 之后, MCS1向 UPE1发送多播服务, UPE1发送会话开始消息, 网絡根据 MBMS承 载上下文建立多播承载, 通过多播承载将多播服务发送给 UE, 并在 会话结束后删除多播承载。
如果用户在发起 MBMS注册前移动到 A2, 执行步骤 614。
步骤 614: UE利用 MCS1的多播地址发起 MBMS注册。
步骤 616: MME2收到 UE的 MBMS注册请求后,发送给 BM-SC 进行鉴权。
步骤 618: 该 UE通过鉴权后, BM-SC将 MCS 1对应的服务 ID (即 TMGI1 )发送给 MME2, MME2与 UE间开始建立 MBMS UE 上下文, 在此过程中, UE上报位置信息, 所述位置信息可以是小区 信息、 TA信息(等同于 GPRS的 RA )等本地多播区域的信息。 MME2 将 TMGI1以及 UE的位置信息发送给 BM-SC, 请求获得等价多播承 载的服务 ID, BM-SC将与 TMGIl等价、 服务于 UE当前所在位置的
多播承载的服务标识 TMGI2及 MCS2 的多播地址发送给 MME2, MME2完成与 UE间 MBMS UE上下文的建立,将 MCS2的多播地址 和 TMGI2提供给 UE。
此外, MME2 还将 UE 的加入情况通知给 UPE2 的 Multicast Controller和 RAN2的 eNodeB。 如果 UE是本地多播区域 A2中第一 个申请该类型的多播服务的用户, UPE2 的 Multicast Controller 和 RAN2的 eNodeB还需根据 MCS2的多播地址建立 MBMS承载上下 文。
步骤 620: MCS2向 UPE2发送多播服务的数据内容, UPE2发送 会话开始消息, 网络建立多播承载, 并通过多播承载将多播服务发送 给 UE。
该步骤具体包括: UPE2向 MCS2发送 IGMP加入消息。 当数据 内容从 MCS2到达 UPE2时, UPE2的 Multicast Controller向其 MBMS 承载上下文中记录的下行节点发送 MBMS会话开始消息。 RAN2的 eNodeB收到消息后, 与 UPE2建立多播承载, UPE2利用该多播承载 将数据内容发送到 RAN2, 再传送给 UE。
当用户发生漫游时, 根据漫游协议, VPLMN将用户申请的服务 ID和网络内与其签有漫游协议的服务 ID设为等价, 当用户发起注册 时, VPLMN通过替换服务 ID继续为用户提供多播服务。
再一个实施例的场景如下: 假设有两个多播源 MCS 1和 MCS2, MCS1服务于本地多播区域 Al, MCS2服务于本地多播区域 A2。 UE 在本地多播区域 A1完成 MBMS注册并建立 MBMS UE上下文。 在 会话结束前, 该 UE离开本地多播区域 A1 , 进入本地多播区域 A2。 此时, 该 UE无需重新注册及建立 MBMS UE上下文。 具体执行过程 见图 7:
步骤 710: 网络侧将同一类型的多播服务的两个多播承载的服务 ID (即 TMGI1和 TMGI2 )设为等价服务 ID, 具体实现见表 7。
步骤 712: 用户最初位于 A1 , 通过服务通告获得 MCS1 的多播 地址。
步骤 714: UE向 MME1发起 MBMS注册请求, 包含 MCS1的 多播地址。
步骤 716: MME1 收到 UE的注册请求后, 发送给 BM-SC进行 鉴权。
步骤 718: 该 UE通过鉴权后, BM-SC将 MCS1对应的服务 ID 即 TMGI1发送给 MMEl , MME1与 UE间建立 MBMS UE上下文, 该 MBMS UE上下文基于 TMGI1和 MCS1的多播地址。此外, MME1 会将 UE的加入情况通知 UPE1 的 Multicast Controller和 RANI 的 eNodeB。
如果 UE停留在本地多播区域 A1 , 按正常流程处理, 即: MCS1 向 UPE1发送多播服务, UPE1发送会话开始消息, 网络建立多播承 载, 通过多播承载将数据内容发送给 UE, 并在会话结束后删除多播 承载。 如果 UE是本地多播区域 A1 中第一个申请多播服务的用户, 则 UPE1的 Multicast Controller和 RANI的 eNodeB还需 居 MCS1 的多播地址建立 MBMS承载上下文。
如果 UE从接入网 RAN1进入 RAN2, 即从本地多播区域 A1进 入 A2, 执行步骤 720。
步骤 720: 用户从 RANI进入 RAN2, UE向 MME2发出切换请 求, 并上报当前所在的位置信息、 UE的身份信息及 MME相关信息。
所述 UE的身份信息可以为原 P-TMSI; 所述 MME相关信息可 以是原位置信息, 也可以是网络侧可以用于区分或标识 MME的其它 信息。
MME2根据原位置信息得知 MME1 的地址, 根据 UE的身份信 息获得在原 MME1上建立的 MBMS UE上下文, 从所述 MBMS UE 上下文中获得服务标识 TMGI1。
之后, MME2 将服务标识 TMGI1 及 UE 的位置信息发送给 BM-SC, 请求获得等价多播承载的服务 ID。 BM-SC将与 TMGI1等 价、服务于 UE当前所在位置的多播承载的服务标识 TMGI2及 MCS2 的多播地址发送给 MME2。
MME2完成与 UE间的 MBMS UE上下文更新, 将 TMGI2及 MCS2的多播地址发送给 UE, UE从 RAN2的 eNodeB接收 MCS2提 供的多播服务。 之后, MME2通知 MME1切换完成, MME1将 UE 的相关信息删除。 此时, 如果 MCS 1上没有其它用户申请该类型的多 播服务, MME1通知 UPE1的 Multicast Controller和 RANI的 eNodeB 删除 MBMS承载上下文, UPE1向 MCS 1发送 IGMP离开消息。如果 在该 UE切换到 MME2之前, MCS2上没有该类型的多播服务的其他 用户, MME2完成与 UE间的 MBMS UE上下文更新后, 将 UE加入 消息通知给 UPE2的 Multicast Controller和 RAN2的 eNodeB。 Multicast Controller和 eNodeB建立 MBMS承载上下文, UPE2向 MCS2发出 IGMP加入消息。 UPE2收到数据内容, 建立与 RAN2的多播承载, 继续提供多播服务给该用户。
当多播服务结束时, UPE2停止从 MCS2接收数据内容, UPE2
的 Multicast Controller向其下行节点 (包括 RAN2的 eNodeB ) 发送 会话结束消息, eNodeB删除与 UPE2间的多播承载。 UE发起多播服 务注销, 向 UPE2发出 IGMP离开消息。 MME2获得该消息后, 将该 消息发送给 BM-SC,并通知 UPE2的 Multicast Controller和 RAN2的 eNodeB。
可以看出, 图 4是 UE在注册前发生移动, 且同一类型的多播服 务分配一个服务 ID; 图 5是 UE在注册后发生移动, 且同一类型的多 播服务分配一个服务 ID; 图 6是 UE在注册前发生移动, 同一类型的 多播服务分配多个服务 ID并通过设置等价关系实现关联;图 7是 UE 在注册后发生移动, 同一类型的多播服务分配多个服务 ID并通过设 置等价关系实现关联。
在本发明的一个实施例中, 为了方便获得 UE当前所在的多播区 域的多播服务相关信息, 减少网络设备间的指令交互, 可以在 MME 中增设一个服务区域列表。 表 8是服务区域列表的一个具体示例, 实 际应用中不限于这种格式。
一般情况下,所述服务区域列表保存在 MME中, 包括多播地址、 本地多播区域和等价多播地址等内容。 其中, 本地多播区域指: 该多 播地址提供多播服务的范围, 等价多播地址指: 在其它本地多播区域 能够提供同一类型的多播服务的多播地址。 在表 8中, 为每个多播地 址设置一个条目。
所述服务区域列表可以是以下任一种格式:
格式一、 记录网络中支持的多播地址、 本地多播区域及等价多播 地址的对应关系, 所述多播地址指向提供多播服务的多播源。
格式二、记录网络中支持的多播地址、 本地多播区域及等价多播 地址的对应关系, 所述本地多播区域限于当前 MME的覆盖区域, 若 没有则为空。
格式三、 记录网络中支持的当前 MME的覆盖区域中 MCS的多 播地址、 本地多播区域及等价多播地址的对应关系。
当 UE在不同本地多播区域间切换时, MME获得 UE的位置信 息及原多播地址,从自身保存的服务区域列表中查找到原多播地址的 条目,如果原多播地址对应的本地多播区域与该 UE的位置信息不符, 查找该原多播地址的所有等价多播地址, 确定本地多播区域与 UE的 位置信息符合的等价多播地址, 即有效多播地址, 再根据该有效多播 地址建立或者更新 MBMS UE上下文、 MBMS承载上下文, 建立相 应的多播承载。
具体为: 如果 UE从多播服务开始后到多播服务结束前没有发生 区域间移动, 当 UE发起 MBMS 注册时, 根据服务区域列表即可判 定该 UE的位置信息和所提供的多播地址是符合的, 即多播地址与本 地多播区域满足所述服务区域列表中记录的对应关系。
如果 UE 在同一类型的多播服务的不同本地多播区域间切换, MME获得 UE的位置信息、 服务 ID及原多播地址, 在建立或者更新 MBMS UE上下文时, 根据服务区域列表即可判定 UE的位置信息与 原多播地址不符。 之后, MME通过服务区域列表获得当前所在的本 地多播区域的有效多播地址, 将 UE的 MCS的多播地址更新为该有 效多播地址。
进一步地, 如果 MME的服务区域列表中不存在原多播地址的条
目, 或不存在等价多播地址的条目, ΜΜΕ会向 BM-SC请求所缺少 的条目, 即多播地址对应的本地多播区域、 等价多播地址, BM-SC 收到 ΜΜΕ的请求后, 将对应条目发送给 ΜΜΕ, 由 ΜΜΕ在服务区 域列表中进行记录。 再有, 比如 ΜΜΕ要求的是原多播地址的条目, BM-SC除将原多播地址的条目提供给 ΜΜΕ之外, 还可以将原多播 地址的所有等价多播地址的条 i)返回给 MME。
实际应用中, BM-SC 在设置某个类型的多播服务的相关信息或 设置多播服务管理表后, 将多播地址、 本地多播区域及等价多播地址 的对应关系通知所有 MME, 由 MME对服务区域列表作记录或更新。 再有, 当某个类型的多播服务的本地多播区域发生变化时, 比如本地 多播区域变大或变小, BM-SC向 MME发送服务区域更新消息 , MME 据此更新服务区域列表。
当所述服务区域列表为格式二时, 如果 BM-SC获知网络中不再 提供某个类型的多播服务, 则请求 MME删除与该类型的多播服务相 关的所有多播地址的条目。
当所述服务区域列表为格式一或格式三时, 如果某个 MCS提供 的多播服务,以及与该 MCS具有等价多播地址的 MCS提供的多播服 务的所有用户都离开该 MME, 则该 MME删除服务区域列表中与上 述多播地址对应的条目。
在本发明的一个实施例中, 当某个用户从一个 eNodeB的覆盖区
(称为源小区)移动到另一个 eNodeB的覆盖区 (称为目的小区) , 该用户会侦听目的小区的广播信道,从而获知该目的小区究竟提供哪 些广播服务。 当该用户有获得其中某个或某些广播服务的要求时, 通 过上报其要求接收的广播服务的标识,在该目的小区获得对应的广播 服务。
假设 3GPP网络存在两个广播源: MCS1和 MCS2, MCS1为本 地广播区域 A1提供广播服务, 该 A1区域在 RAN1的覆盖下, MCS2 为本地广播区域 A2提供广播服务, 该 A2区域在 RAN2的覆盖下。
某一类型的广播服务 S在 MCS1上使用服务 ID为 TMGI1的广 播承载,在 MCS2上使用服务 ID为 TMGI2的广播承载,这两个广播 承载都釆用增强广播模式在空口传输数据内容。
所述增强广播指的是在空口对用户进行计数, 如果存在用户, 则 传输广播服务的数据内容,如果数目较少,则采用点到点的传输信道, 如果数目较多, 则采用点到多点的传输信道。 在增强广播模式下, 当 广播服务开始时,接入网的 eNodeB向所有 UE发送 MBMS服务变更 消息, 其中携带 MBMS的服务 ID。 UE收到该消息后, 如果根据所 述服务 ID确定自身要求接收该类型的广播服务, 就会向 eNodeB上 报响应消息。 eNodeB通过对响应消息进行计数, 获得要求接收该类 型的广播服务的用户数 ϋ 。
假设 UE原先位于本地广播区域 A 1,通过 TMGI 1接收广播服务。 后来, 该 UE从 RAN1的 eNodeB移动到 RAN2的 eNodeB。 假设网 络侧 (比如 MME上设置有广播服务管理表) 已为 TMGI1和 TMGI2 建立关联关系, 当 UE订阅该类型的广播服务 S时, 网络侧可以通过 服务通告将该关联关系发送给 UE。
在一个具体实例中, 该 UE通过 A2区域的系统广播, 发现当前 区域用于发送广播服务的是 TMGI2。 该 UE根据 TMGI2和 TMGI1 的关联关系, 向 eNodeB上报响应消息。 之后, eNodeB 可以采用增 强广播方式, 通过 TMGI2向 UE提供广播服务。
在另一个具体实例中, UE发送 Service Request请求到 MME2, MME2收到该请求消息后, 获取 UE请求的 TMGI1, 确定 A2区域不存
在服务 ID为 TMGI1 的广播承载。 之后, eNodeB查找广播服务管理 表,确定与 TMGI1关联的服务标识 TMGI2,通过 TMGI2指示的广播承 载为 UE提供广播服务。
在本发明的实施例中, 还提供一种实现多媒体广播多播 MBMS 服务的系统, 包括:
至少一个终端 UE, 接收多媒体广播多播服务, 并在不同的多媒 体广播多播区域切换;
第一网络单元,为同一类型的多媒体广播多播服务的不同多媒体 广播多播承载建立关联关系,所述多媒体广播多播服务承载在不同的 多媒体广播多播承载上,每个多媒体广播多播承载对应一个多媒体广 播多播区域;
第二网络单元, 根据 UE请求的多媒体广播多播服务对应的不同 多媒体广播多播承载间的关联关系, 将 UE当前所在的多媒体广播多 播区域的多媒体广播多播承载提供给该 UE。
进一步地, 所述 UE用于: 从第一本地多媒体广播多播区域接收 服务通告,获得与第一本地多媒体广播多播区域对应的第一多媒体广 播多播地址; 在执行 MBMS注册前切换到第二本地多媒体广播多播 区域,利用第一多媒体广播多播地址在第二本地多媒体广播多播区域 发起 MBMS注册;
所述第二网絡单元用于: 获得 UE的位置信息, 查询多媒体广播 多播服务管理表,获得与第二本地多媒体广播多播区域对应的第二多 媒体广播多播地址, 根据第二多媒体广播多播地址建立 MBMS上下 文。
进一步地, 所述 UE用于: 在第一本地多媒体广播多播区域完成 MBMS 注册; 在多媒体广播多播服务结束前切换到第二本地多媒体
广播多播区域, 向网络侧上报 UE的位置信息;
所述第二网络单元用于: 根据 UE的位置信息查询多媒体广播多 播服务管理表,获得与第二本地多媒体广播多播区域对应的第二多媒 体广播多播地址,根据第二多媒体广播多播地址在第二本地多媒体广 播多播区域建立 MBMS上下文。
所述多媒体广播多播服务管理表保存在第一网络单元。
对于多播服务, 所述第一网络单元为 BM-SC, 所述第二网络单 元为 MME; 对于广播业务, 所述第一网络单元为 MME, 所述第二 网络单元为 eNodeBo
综上所述,本发明的实施例提供一种多媒体广播多播服务的实现 方法, 在用户发生区域间移动时, 能够更好地接入新本地多播区域, 接收多播服务。 以上所述, 仅为本发明的实施例而已, 并非用于限定 本发明的保护范围。
Claims
1、 一种实现多媒体广播多播 MBMS服务的方法, 其特征在于, 所述多媒体广播多播服务承载在不同的多媒体广播多播承载上,每个 多媒体广播多播承载对应一个多媒体广播多播区域, 该方法包括: 在网络侧为同一类型的多媒体广播多播服务的不同多媒体广播 多播承载建立关联关系;
UE在不同的多媒体广播多播区域切换, 根据该 UE请求的多媒 体广播多播服务对应的不同多媒体广播多播承载间的关联关系, 将 UE 当前所在的多媒体广播多播区域的多媒体广播多播承载提供给该 UE。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述为同一类型的 多媒体广播多播服务的不同多媒体广播多播承载建立关联关系包括: 网络侧将不同的多媒体广播多播承载对应到同一个服务 ID; 或用不 同的服务 ID标识不同的多媒体广播多播承载,并将所述服务 ID设为 等价。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述将不同的多媒 体广播多播承载对应到同一个服务 ID包括:在 BM-SC设置多媒体广 播多播服务管理表, 记录服务 ID和一个以上本地多媒体广播多播区 域、多媒体广播多播地址的对应关系,所述本地多媒体广播多播区域、 多媒体广播多播地址对应于一个多媒体广播多播承载。
4、 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述用不同服务 ID 标识不同的多媒体广播多播承载并将所述服务 ID设为等价包括: 在 BM-SC设置多媒体广播多播服务管理表, 记录服务 ID、 本地多媒体 广播多播区域及多媒体广播多播地址三者的对应关系,以及不同服务
ID之间的等价关系。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 UE在不同的 多媒体广播多播区域切换, 网络侧将 UE当前所在的多媒体广播多播 区域的多媒体广播多播承载提供给该 UE包括:
UE从第一本地多媒体广播多播区域接收服务通告, 获得与第一 本地多媒体广播多播区域对应的第一多媒体广播多播地址;
在执行 MBMS注册前, 该 UE切换到第二本地多媒体广播多播 区域;
UE利用第一多媒体广播多播地址在第二本地多媒体广播多播区 域发起 MBMS注册;
网络侧获得 UE的位置信息, 通过查询多媒体广播多播服务管理 表,获得与第二本地多媒体广播多播区域对应的第二多媒体广播多播 地址, 并根据第二多媒体广播多播地址建立 MBMS上下文。
6、如权利要求 5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述 UE发起 MBMS 注册、 网络侧获得第二多媒体广播多播地址包括: UE向 MME发出 MBMS注册请求 , MME触发 BM-SC对 UE进行鉴权; 鉴权通过后, BM-SC 将第一多媒体广播多播地址对应的服务 ID 发送给 MME; MME与 UE间建立 MBMS UE上下文, 获取 UE的位置信息, 根据 服务 ID及 UE的位置信息查询所述多媒体广播多播服务管理表, 获 得第二本地多媒体广播多播区域的第二多媒体广播多播地址。
7、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 UE在不同的 多媒体广播多播区域切换, 网络侧将 UE当前所在的多媒体广播多播 区域的多媒体广播多播承载提供给该 UE包括: UE在第一本地多媒 体广播多播区域完成 MBMS注册; 在多媒体广播多播服务结束前, 该 UE切换到第二本地多媒体广播多播区域, 向网络侧上报 UE的位
置信息, 网络侧通过查询多媒体广播多播服务管理表, 获得与第二本 地多媒体广播多播区域对应的第二多媒体广播多播地址,并根据第二 多媒体广播多播地址在第二本地多媒体广播多播区域建立 MBMS上 下文。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 UE上报位置 信息、 网络侧获得第二多媒体广播多播地址包括: UE向网络侧发送 切换请求, 上报该 UE的位置信息和身份信息、 原 MME信息, 网络 侧根据原 MME信息和 UE的身份信息从原 MME获得该 UE的 MBMS UE上下文, 再从所述 MBMS UE上下文获得服务 ID, 根据服务 ID 和 UE的位置信息查询多媒体广播多播服务管理表, 获得与第二多媒 体广播多播区域对应的第二多媒体广播多播地址。
9、 如权利要求 5至 8任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述建 立 MBMS上下文包括: 判断第二本地多媒体广播多播区域是否已有 其它用户申请该类型的多媒体广播多播服务;如果已有用户申请所述 多媒体广播多播服务, 则根据第二多媒体广播多播地址更新 MBMS UE上下文; 如果该 UE为第二本地多媒体广播多播区域中第一个申 请该类型的多媒体广播多播服务的用户,则根据第二多媒体广播多播 地址更新 MBMS UE上下文, 建立 MBMS承载上下文。
10、 如权利要求 5至 8任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述多 媒体广播多播服务管理表记录使用同一个服务 ID的本地多媒体广播 多播区域及多媒体广播多播地址;
所述查询多媒体广播多播服务管理表、获得第二多媒体广播多播 地址包括: MME将 UE的位置信息、服务 ID发送给 BM- SC, BM-SC 返回该位置信息对应的多媒体广播多播地址。
11、 如权利要求 5至 8任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述多
媒体广播多播服务管理表记录服务 ID、 本地多媒体广播多播区域及 多媒体广播多播地址的对应关系,以及不同服务 ID之间的等价关系; 所述查询多媒体广播多播服务管理表、获得第二多媒体广播多播 地址包括: MME将 UE的位置信息、 第一服务 ID发送给 BM-SC, 请求等价多媒体广播多播承载的服务 ID, BM-SC根据 UE的位置信 息查询多媒体广播多播服务管理表, 确定与第一服务 ID等价的第二 服务 ID, 并将该第二 i ^务 ID的记录项发送给所述 MME, 所述记录 项包括与第二服务 ID对应的本地多媒体广播多播区域及多媒体广播 多播地址。
12、 如权利要求 1至 8任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 进一步 包括: 在 MME设置服务区域列表, 用于记录多媒体广播多播地址、 本地多媒体广播多播区域及等价多媒体广播多播地址的对应关系。
13、 如权利要求 12所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 UE在不同 的多媒体广播多播区域切换, 网络侧将 UE当前所在的多媒体广播多 播区域的多媒体广播多播承载提供给该 UE包括: 当 UE在不同的多 媒体广播多播承载间切换时, MME根据 UE的位置信息及第一多媒 体广播多播地址查询服务区域列表, 确定与该 UE的位置信息对应的 第二多媒体广播多播地址,根据第二多媒体广播多播地址建立或者更 新 MBMS UE上下文。
14、 如权利要求 13所述的方法, 其特征在于, 进一步包括: 所 述服务区域列表中不存在与第一多媒体广播多播地址对应的记录项 时, MME向 BM-SC请求与第一多媒体广播多播地址对应的等价多 媒体广播多播地址; BM-SC 将所述等价多媒体广播多播地址及本地 多媒体广播多播区域的信息发送给 MME, MME 在所述服务区域列 表中记录第一多媒体广播多播地址、以及与第一多媒体广播多播地址
对应的本地多媒体广播多播区域及等价多媒体广播多播地址。
15、如权利要求 13所述的方法,其特征在于,进一步包括: BM-SC 将多媒体广播多播地址、本地多媒体广播多播区域及等价多媒体广播 多播地址的对应关系发送给 MME, MME 在服务区域列表中记录上 述对应关系。
16、 如权利要求 13所述的方法, 其特征在于, 进一步包括: 当 多媒体广播多播服务的本地多媒体广播多播区域发生更新时, BM-SC 向 MME发送服务区域更新消息, MME对服务区域列表进行更新。
17、 如权利要求 1所迷的方法, 其特征在于, 所述将 UE当前所 在的多媒体广播多播区域的多媒体广播多播承载提供给该 UE包括: 建立或者更新 MBMS上下文;
居建立或者更新后的 MBMS上下文, 在 UE 当前所在的本地 多媒体广播多播区域建立多媒体广播多播承载,提供多媒体广播多播 服务给 UE。
18、 如权利要求 1或 17所述的方法, 其特征在于, 进一步包括: 多媒体广播多播服务结束时, 网络侧删除对应的多媒体广播多播承 载。
19、 如权利要求 18所述的方法, 其特征在于, 网络侧将不同的 多媒体广播多播承载对应到同一个服务 ID时, 所述网络侧删除对应 的多媒体广播多播承载包括: 网络侧删除与多媒体广播多播地址对应 的多媒体广播多播承载,并判断该多媒体广播多播承载使用的 MBMS 承载上下文中是否存在其他多媒体广播多播承载,如果不存在则删除 该 MBMS承载上下文。
20、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 UE在不同的 多媒体广播多播区域切换, 网络侧将 UE当前所在的多媒体广播多播
区域的多媒体广播多播承载提供给该 UE包括: UE从第一本地广播 区域移动到第二本地广播区域,通过系统广播确定第二本地广播区域 使用的是第二广播承载,判断第二广播承载和第一本地广播区域使用 的第一广播承载是否关联, 如果是则向 eNodeB 上报响应消息, eNodeB采用增强广播方式, 通过所述第二广播承载向 UE提供广播 服务。
21、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 UE在不同的 多媒体广播多播区域切换, 网络侧将 UE当前所在的多媒体广播多播 区域的多媒体广播多播承载提供给该 UE包括: UE从第一本地广播 区域移动到第二本地广播区域, 请求通过第一广播承载获得广播服 务, 网络侧根据第一广播承载的标识查找广播服务管理表, 判断第二 本地广播区域的第二广播承载和所述第一广播承载是否关联,如果是 则采用增强广播方式, 通过所述第二广播承载向 UE提供广播服务。
22、 一种实现多媒体广播多播 MBMS服务的系统, 其特征在于, 包括:
至少一个终端 UE, 接收多媒体广播多播服务, 并在不同的多媒 体广播多播区域切换;
第一网络单元,为同一类型的多媒体广播多播服务的不同多媒体 广播多播承载建立关联关系,该类型的多媒体广播多播服务承载在不 同的多媒体广播多播承载上,每个多媒体广播多播承载对应一个多媒 体广播多播区域;
第二网络单元 , 根据 UE请求的多媒体广播多播服务对应的不同 多媒体广播多播承载间的关联关系, 将 UE当前所在的多媒体广播多 播区域的多媒体广播多播承载提供给该 UE。
23、 如权利要求 22所述的系统, 其特征在于,
所述 UE用于: 从第一本地多媒体广播多播区域接收服务通告, 获得与第一本地多媒体广播多播区域对应的第一多媒体广播多播地 址; 在执行 MBMS注册前切换到第二本地多媒体广播多播区域, 利 用第一多媒体广播多播地址在第二本地多媒体广播多播区域发起 MBMS注册;
所述第二网络单元用于: 获得 UE的位置信息, 查询多媒体广播 多播服务管理表,获得与第二本地多媒体广播多播区域对应的第二多 媒体广播多播地址, 根据第二多媒体广播多播地址建立 MBMS上下 文。
24、 如权利要求 22所述的系统, 其特征在于,
所述 UE用于: 在第一本地多媒体广播多播区域完成 MBMS注 册;在多媒体广播多播服务结束前切换到第二本地多媒体广播多播区 域, 向网络侧上报 UE的位置信息;
所述第二网络单元用于: 根据 UE的位置信息查询多媒体广播多 播服务管理表,获得与第二本地多媒体广播多播区域对应的第二多媒 体广播多播地址,根据第二多媒体广播多播地址在第二本地多媒体广 播多播区域建立 MBMS上下文。
25、 如权利要求 22至 24任一项所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述 多媒体广播多播服务管理表保存在笫一网络单元。
26、 如权利要求 22至 24任一项所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述 第一网络单元为 BM-SC , 所述第二网络单元为 MME。
27、 如权利要求 22所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述第一网络单 元为 MME, 所述第二网络单元为 eNodeB。
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EP1903697A4 (en) | 2009-09-30 |
CN101517962B (zh) | 2011-08-03 |
US20070293249A1 (en) | 2007-12-20 |
EP1903697B1 (en) | 2015-01-21 |
EP1903697A1 (en) | 2008-03-26 |
CN1983945A (zh) | 2007-06-20 |
CN101517962A (zh) | 2009-08-26 |
CN100454819C (zh) | 2009-01-21 |
US8521196B2 (en) | 2013-08-27 |
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