WO2007147766A1 - Method and device for measuring the rolling force in a rolling stand - Google Patents

Method and device for measuring the rolling force in a rolling stand Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007147766A1
WO2007147766A1 PCT/EP2007/055847 EP2007055847W WO2007147766A1 WO 2007147766 A1 WO2007147766 A1 WO 2007147766A1 EP 2007055847 W EP2007055847 W EP 2007055847W WO 2007147766 A1 WO2007147766 A1 WO 2007147766A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rolling
rolling force
force
measuring
ultrasonic
Prior art date
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PCT/EP2007/055847
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Joachim Schimmelpfennig
Stefan Ixfeld
Original Assignee
Aluminium Norf Gmbh
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Publication of WO2007147766A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007147766A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B38/00—Methods or devices for measuring, detecting or monitoring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product
    • B21B38/08—Methods or devices for measuring, detecting or monitoring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring roll-force
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/25—Measuring force or stress, in general using wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays, microwaves, neutrons
    • G01L1/255—Measuring force or stress, in general using wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays, microwaves, neutrons using acoustic waves, or acoustic emission
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0061—Force sensors associated with industrial machines or actuators
    • G01L5/0076—Force sensors associated with manufacturing machines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for measuring the rolling force in a rolling mill. Moreover, the invention relates to a rolling mill with means for determining the rolling force.
  • the rolling force is one of the relevant Fuhrungstrade, for example, for cold rolling but also for hot rolling, because it determines the stitch loss and thus the transformation of the rolling stock.
  • Various methods are already known for measuring the rolling force in a rolling mill.
  • German patent application DE 41 21 116 Al a method is known in which the increase or decrease of a crosshead of a Walzgerustkorpers is measured relative to the stationary head position and used as a measure of the rolling force.
  • the accuracy of this method is dependent on the specific construction of the Standergerust and thus dependent on a complex calibration.
  • the elongation of the Standergerustes is chosen as the basis for measuring the rolling force. This can be easily detected by strain gauges.
  • the strain gauges are sensitive to temperature and deliver falsified measurement results even with small differences in the ambient temperature.
  • force sensors which, for example, the magnetoelastic Take advantage of effect to measure the rolling force, for example in the pitch of a rolling mill or in the bearing support of a support roller or work roll.
  • corresponding force transducers are particularly cost-intensive due to the high forces they measure.
  • they must be placed in exposed locations, such as the Anstellspindel or in Stutzlagern the support roller to measure the rolling force. There is a risk that the sensors will be destroyed or damaged.
  • the present invention seeks to propose an apparatus and a method for measuring the rolling force in a rolling mill, which allows a relatively accurate use of the rolling force with relatively little use of equipment. Furthermore, the invention has for its object to propose a rolling mill improved with regard to the measurement of the rolling force.
  • the above-described object is achieved by a device for measuring the rolling force in a rolling mill in that at least one ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement and evaluation means are provided, wherein the evaluation of a transit time measurement of ultrasonic waves, the rolling force determine.
  • the acousto-elastic effect can be used very well for measuring the rolling force in a rolling mill.
  • the acoustoelastic effect describes the change in the speed of sound as a function of the state of stress in the material passed through the ultrasonic waves. Do they spread? Ultrasonic waves, for example, parallel to the voltage direction, it can be assumed in a first approximation that the speed of sound of the ultrasonic waves changes in proportion to the mechanical stress in the material.
  • the rolling force can be determined from the change in the transit time of the ultrasonic waves from a transit time measurement in stress-loaded areas of a rolling mill.
  • the device according to the invention which has only one ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement and evaluation means for evaluating a propagation time measurement, is particularly cost-effective and nevertheless delivers highly accurate rolling force measurements. It is also advantageous that the sensor system of the device according to the invention need not be arranged directly in areas in which the rolling forces occur and are measured. Often, these locations in the rolling mill are in fact particularly exposed areas, at which, for example, when changing a work roll, damage to measuring devices, such as force sensors, can not be excluded. In addition, with the inventive device, the elongation of the rolling mill can be determined, the value of which serves for the precise positioning of the Anstellelemente the rollers.
  • an ultrasound transmitter-receiver arrangement operating in the pulse-echo method is preferably provided.
  • the pulse-echo method individual ultrasonic wave pulses are emitted and the transit time of the reflected ultrasonic pulses is measured.
  • the ultrasonic pulses usually have a frequency from 0.1 to 100 MHz in order to improve the spatial resolution, which corresponds to half a wavelength, in view of their reflection in the rolling mill.
  • the repetition frequency which is usually up to 50 kHz, the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement signal can be improved in the pulse-echo method and a particularly fast-response measurement can be realized.
  • the speed of the ultrasonic waves in the rolling mill is proportional to a temperature change
  • means for measuring the temperature are preferably provided in order to improve the accuracy of the rolling force measurement.
  • the change in the speed of the ultrasonic waves as a function of the temperature is two orders of magnitude less than the change in the speed of sound as a function of the strain.
  • the ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement has a single transmitter-receiver-Prufköpf, so that a particularly simple device for measuring the rolling force in a rolling mill can be provided.
  • Coupling means are provided for coupling the ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement to a rolling mill, it is possible to initiate a maximum intensity of ultrasonic waves in the rolling mill for measuring the rolling force and to receive again.
  • the coupling means are realized for example by Kunststoffkorper.
  • Plastic bodies are also transparent to ultrasonic waves and have an ultrasonic wave resistance, which in conjunction with the ultrasonic wave resistance of steel this leads to the fact that the reflection at the media transition plastic-steel is not too large.
  • the coupling means may also have additional acoustic lenses to bundein the coupled into the rolling mill ultrasonic waves.
  • the above-described object is achieved by a rolling mill for rolling rolling with at least one device according to the invention for determining the rolling force.
  • the investments for the means for measuring rolling force on a rolling mill can be reduced by the devices according to the invention for determining the rolling force.
  • At least one ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement is arranged such that the rolling force is determined in a setting device for adjusting the rolls, in a support bearing of a roll below a stander window and / or in the stander frame.
  • a force is exerted directly on the rollers, which leads to a change in the state of stress in the adjusting device.
  • the change of the voltage state can then be determined via the ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement due to the change in the transit time of ultrasonic pulses in the adjusting device.
  • the contact force of the rollers can be measured and fed to a process control, for example.
  • a support bearing below a pedestal window, on which the rollers are mounted not only experiences the contact force which is exerted via the actuation device, but their sum in conjunction with the force of the built-in rollers exerted via gravity.
  • the rolling force which is transmitted to the rolling stock, can be measured directly.
  • the measurement of the rolling force in the stator frame has the advantage that at the same time the elongation of the stator can be measured, since this also results from the transit time measurements.
  • the above-described object is achieved by a method for measuring the rolling force on a rolling stand using a device according to the invention for determining the rolling force, wherein the rolling force is determined by transit time measurements of ultrasonic waves in the rolling stand.
  • the method according to the invention is based, as already described, on the utilization of the acousto-elastic effect and therefore makes it possible to determine the rolling force without the special expansion body, load cell etc. having to be arranged in the rolling stand. It is only necessary to ensure that the irradiated
  • Ultrasonic waves do not run perpendicular to the direction of stress in the measured part of the mill stand.
  • the drawing shows a schematic side view axially to the work rolls an embodiment of a rolling mill according to the invention.
  • the rolling stand 1 shown in the single figure is a typical four-high rolling mill with two back-up rolls 2, 3 and two work rolls 4, 5.
  • a Anstellspindel 6 Be about the schematically illustrated Anstellspindel 6, the work rolls 4, 5 to each other At the same time acts on the likewise schematically illustrated support bearing 7 now the sum of the contact force, which is introduced via the spindle 6 and the gravity of the support and work rolls 2, 3, 4 and 5. This total force also acts in the axial direction of the support bearing 7. Since both the support bearing 7 and the Anstellspindel 6 are supported on the stand frame 8, the vertical portions of the stator 8 are stretched in the vertical direction with the rolling force.
  • the resulting mechanical stress in the vertically extending regions of the stator frame 8 can then be measured, for example, by an ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement 9.
  • the ultrasound transmitter-receiver arrangement is an ultrasound Transmitter-receiver Prufköpf used, as shown in the present exemplary embodiment.
  • This ultrasonic transmitter-receiver-Prufköpf emits ultrasonic pulses whose beam path 10 preferably runs parallel to the direction of stress in the context of Standergerustes 8 of the rolling mill.
  • the ultrasonic pulse passes through the vertical region of the frame of the stator 8 from the coupling position to the lower end of the stator 8, where it is reflected at the transition between the stator material and air.
  • the duration of the ultrasonic pulse for this distance is dependent on the temperature of the stator 8 and its running in the beam direction voltage state.
  • the evaluation means By means of the evaluation means, not shown, it is then not only possible to determine the rolling force from the calculated tension in the stator 8, depending on the measured running time, but also to determine its elongation.
  • the elongation of the stator represents an important factor, in particular with regard to the positioning of the positioning elements, for example the adjusting spindle 6.
  • the ultrasound measurement using the ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement 9 can also take place in the axial direction of the positioning spindle 6 and / or the support bearing 7 done. It is also conceivable to measure the expansion of both vertical regions of the stator 8 in order to determine, for example, from the comparison of the two measured values, the forces acting on the stator in the belt running direction.
  • the method according to the invention for measuring the rolling force in a rolling mill does not require any test specimens or strain gauges and is therefore maintenance and low in distortion.
  • the measuring sensors, ie the ultrasonic Transmitter-receiver assembly is also located outside of areas that involve the risk of damage to the sensor with respect to the installation and removal of work rolls or support rollers.
  • the investment costs for a device according to the invention compared to the previously used devices for measuring the rolling force are very low.

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring the rolling force in a rolling stand (1). The invention also relates to a rolling stand (1) having means for determining the rolling force. The object of proposing a device and a method for measuring the rolling force in a rolling stand (1) which makes possible an accurate measurement of the rolling force with relatively little use of equipment is achieved in that at least one ultrasonic transmitter/receiver arrangement (9) and evaluating means are provided, wherein the evaluating means determine the rolling force from an echo time measurement of ultrasonic waves.

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Messung der Walzkraft in einem Walzgerüst Method and device for measuring the rolling force in a roll stand
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung sowie ein Verfahren zur Messung der Walzkraft in einem Walzgerust. Darüber hinaus betrifft die Erfindung ein Walzgerust mit Mitteln zur Ermittlung der Walzkraft.The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring the rolling force in a rolling mill. Moreover, the invention relates to a rolling mill with means for determining the rolling force.
Die Walzkraft ist eine der maßgeblichen Fuhrungsgroßen, beispielsweise für das Kaltwalzen aber auch für das Warmwalzen, weil sie die Stichabnahme und damit die Umformung der Walzgutes bestimmt. Zur Messung der Walzkraft in einem Walzgerust sind verschiedenste Verfahren bereits bekannt. So ist aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE 41 21 116 Al ein Verfahren bekannt, bei welchem die Erhöhung oder Absenkung eines Querhauptscheitels eines Walzgerustkorpers relativ zur Standerkopflage gemessen wird und als Maß für die Walzkraft verwendet wird. Die Genauigkeit dieses Verfahrens ist aber abhangig von der spezifischen Konstruktion des Standergerust und damit abhangig von einer aufwendigen Kalibrierung. Üblicherweise wird daher die Dehnung des Standergerustes als Grundlage zur Messung der Walzkraft gewählt. Diese lasst sich durch Dehnungsmessstreifen einfach erfassen. Allerdings sind die Dehnungsmessstreifen temperaturempfindlich und liefern bereits bei kleinen Unterschieden in der Umgebungstemperatur verfälschte Messergebnisse. Schließlich ist auch die Verwendung von Kraftaufnehmern bekannt, welche beispielsweise den magnetoelastischen Effekt ausnutzen, um die Walzkraft, beispielsweise in der Anstellspindel eines Walzgerusts oder im Stutzlager einer Stutzwalze oder Arbeitswalze zu messen. Entsprechende Kraftaufnehmer sind jedoch aufgrund der hohen Kräfte, welche sie messen, besonders kostenintensiv. Darüber hinaus müssen sie an exponierten Stellen, beispielsweise der Anstellspindel oder in Stutzlagern der Stutzwalze eingebracht werden, um die Walzkraft zu messen. Hier besteht die Gefahr, dass die Sensoren zerstört oder beschädigt werden.The rolling force is one of the relevant Fuhrungsgroßen, for example, for cold rolling but also for hot rolling, because it determines the stitch loss and thus the transformation of the rolling stock. Various methods are already known for measuring the rolling force in a rolling mill. Thus, from German patent application DE 41 21 116 Al a method is known in which the increase or decrease of a crosshead of a Walzgerustkorpers is measured relative to the stationary head position and used as a measure of the rolling force. However, the accuracy of this method is dependent on the specific construction of the Standergerust and thus dependent on a complex calibration. Usually, therefore, the elongation of the Standergerustes is chosen as the basis for measuring the rolling force. This can be easily detected by strain gauges. However, the strain gauges are sensitive to temperature and deliver falsified measurement results even with small differences in the ambient temperature. Finally, the use of force sensors is known, which, for example, the magnetoelastic Take advantage of effect to measure the rolling force, for example in the pitch of a rolling mill or in the bearing support of a support roller or work roll. However, corresponding force transducers are particularly cost-intensive due to the high forces they measure. In addition, they must be placed in exposed locations, such as the Anstellspindel or in Stutzlagern the support roller to measure the rolling force. There is a risk that the sensors will be destroyed or damaged.
Von diesem Stand der Technik ausgehend, liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Messung der Walzkraft in einem Walzgerust vorzuschlagen, welches mit relativ geringem apparativen Einsatz eine genaue Messung der Walzkraft ermöglicht. Ferner liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein im Hinblick auf die Messung der Walzkraft verbessertes Walzgerust vorzuschlagen.Based on this prior art, the present invention seeks to propose an apparatus and a method for measuring the rolling force in a rolling mill, which allows a relatively accurate use of the rolling force with relatively little use of equipment. Furthermore, the invention has for its object to propose a rolling mill improved with regard to the measurement of the rolling force.
Gemäß einer ersten Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung wird die oben aufgezeigte Aufgabe durch eine Vorrichtung zur Messung der Walzkraft in einem Walzgerust dadurch gelost, dass mindestens eine Ultraschall-Sender-Empfanger- Anordnung und Auswertemittel vorgesehen sind, wobei die Auswertemittel aus einer Laufzeitmessung von Ultraschallwellen die Walzkraft bestimmen.According to a first teaching of the present invention, the above-described object is achieved by a device for measuring the rolling force in a rolling mill in that at least one ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement and evaluation means are provided, wherein the evaluation of a transit time measurement of ultrasonic waves, the rolling force determine.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass der akustoelastische Effekt sehr gut zur Messung der Walzkraft in einem Walzgerust verwendet werden kann. Der akustoelastische Effekt beschreibt die Änderung der Schallgeschwindigkeit in Abhängigkeit vom Spannungszustand in dem durch die Ultraschallwellen durchlaufenen Material. Breiten sich die Ultraschallwellen, beispielsweise parallel zur Spannungsrichtung aus, so kann in erster Näherung angenommen werden, dass sich die Schallgeschwindigkeit der Ultraschallwellen proportional zur mechanischen Spannung im Material ändert. Damit kann aus einer Laufzeitmessung in spannungsbelasteten Bereichen eines Walzgerusts die Walzkraft aus der Änderung der Laufzeit der Ultraschallwellen bestimmt werden. Im Gegensatz zu den bisher bekannten Vorrichtungen, welche beispielsweise Kraftaufnehmer verwenden, ist die erfindungsgemaße Vorrichtung, welche lediglich eine Ultraschall-Sender- Empfanger-Anordnung sowie Auswertemittel zur Auswertung einer Laufzeitmessung aufweist, besonders kostengünstig und liefert dennoch hoch genaue Walzkraftmessungen. Vorteilhaft ist darüber hinaus, dass die Sensorik der erfindungsgemaßen Vorrichtung nicht unmittelbar in Bereiche angeordnet werden muss, in welchen die Walzkrafte auftreten und gemessen werden. Häufig handelt es sich bei diesen Stellen im Walzgerust nämlich um besonders exponierte Stellen, an welchen, beispielsweise bei einem Wechsel einer Arbeitswalze, Beschädigungen von Messvorrichtungen, beispielsweise von Kraftaufnehmern, nicht ausgeschlossen werden können. Zusatzlich kann mit der erfindungsgemaßen Vorrichtung auch die Dehnung des Walzgerusts bestimmt werden, deren Wert zur präzisen Positionsbestimmung der Anstellelemente der Walzen dient.It has been found that the acousto-elastic effect can be used very well for measuring the rolling force in a rolling mill. The acoustoelastic effect describes the change in the speed of sound as a function of the state of stress in the material passed through the ultrasonic waves. Do they spread? Ultrasonic waves, for example, parallel to the voltage direction, it can be assumed in a first approximation that the speed of sound of the ultrasonic waves changes in proportion to the mechanical stress in the material. Thus, the rolling force can be determined from the change in the transit time of the ultrasonic waves from a transit time measurement in stress-loaded areas of a rolling mill. In contrast to the previously known devices, which use force transducers, for example, the device according to the invention, which has only one ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement and evaluation means for evaluating a propagation time measurement, is particularly cost-effective and nevertheless delivers highly accurate rolling force measurements. It is also advantageous that the sensor system of the device according to the invention need not be arranged directly in areas in which the rolling forces occur and are measured. Often, these locations in the rolling mill are in fact particularly exposed areas, at which, for example, when changing a work roll, damage to measuring devices, such as force sensors, can not be excluded. In addition, with the inventive device, the elongation of the rolling mill can be determined, the value of which serves for the precise positioning of the Anstellelemente the rollers.
Gemäß einer ersten Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemaßen Vorrichtung wird vorzugsweise eine im Impuls-Echo- Verfahren arbeitende Ultraschall-Sender-Empfanger- Anordnung vorgesehen. Bei dem Impuls-Echo-Verfahren werden einzelne Ultraschallwellenimpulse ausgesandt und die Laufzeit der reflektierten Ultraschallimpulse gemessen. Die Ultraschallimpulse weisen in der Regel eine Frequenz von 0,1 bis 100 MHz auf, um die Ortsauflosung, welche einer halben Wellenlange entspricht, im Hinblick auf deren Reflektion im Walzgerust zu verbessern. Über die Wiederholfrequenz, welche üblicherweise bis zu 50 kHz betragt, lasst sich bei dem Impuls-Echo-Verfahren das Signal-Rauschverhaltnis des Messsignals verbessern und eine besonders schnell ansprechende Messung realisieren.According to a first embodiment of the device according to the invention, an ultrasound transmitter-receiver arrangement operating in the pulse-echo method is preferably provided. In the pulse-echo method, individual ultrasonic wave pulses are emitted and the transit time of the reflected ultrasonic pulses is measured. The ultrasonic pulses usually have a frequency from 0.1 to 100 MHz in order to improve the spatial resolution, which corresponds to half a wavelength, in view of their reflection in the rolling mill. By means of the repetition frequency, which is usually up to 50 kHz, the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement signal can be improved in the pulse-echo method and a particularly fast-response measurement can be realized.
Da die Geschwindigkeit der Ultraschallwellen im Walzgerust proportional zu einer Temperaturanderung ist, sind vorzugsweise Mittel zur Temperaturmessung vorgesehen, um die Genauigkeit der Walzkraftmessung zu verbessern. Allerdings ist die Änderung der Geschwindigkeit der Ultraschallwellen in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur um zwei Größenordnungen geringer als die Änderung der Schallgeschwindigkeit in Abhängigkeit von der Dehnung.Since the speed of the ultrasonic waves in the rolling mill is proportional to a temperature change, means for measuring the temperature are preferably provided in order to improve the accuracy of the rolling force measurement. However, the change in the speed of the ultrasonic waves as a function of the temperature is two orders of magnitude less than the change in the speed of sound as a function of the strain.
Gemäß einer nächsten weitergebildeten Ausfuhrungsform der erfindungsgemaßen Vorrichtung weist die Ultraschall- Sender-Empfanger-Anordnung einen einzigen Sender- Empfanger-Prufköpf auf, so dass eine besonders einfache Vorrichtung zur Messung der Walzkraft in einem Walzgerust zur Verfugung gestellt werden kann.According to a further developed embodiment of the device according to the invention, the ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement has a single transmitter-receiver-Prufköpf, so that a particularly simple device for measuring the rolling force in a rolling mill can be provided.
Sind Ankopplungsmittel zur Ankopplung der Ultraschall- Sender-Empfanger-Anordnung an ein Walzgerust vorgesehen, wird ermöglicht, eine maximale Intensität an Ultraschallwellen in das Walzgerust zur Messung der Walzkraft einzuleiten und wieder zu empfangen. Üblicherweise werden die Ankopplungsmittel beispielsweise durch Kunststoffkorper realisiert. Kunststoffkorper sind ebenfalls transparent für Ultraschallwellen und weisen einen Ultraschallwellenwiderstand auf, welcher in Verbindung mit dem Ultraschallwellenwiderstand von Stahl dazu fuhrt, dass die Reflektion am Medienubergang Kunststoff-Stahl nicht zu groß ist. Um die Verluste beim Einkoppeln der Ultraschallwellen in das Walzgerust zu verringern, werden diese üblicherweise normal zur Oberflache des Walzgerust eingekoppelt. Die Ankopplungsmittel können aber auch zusatzlich akustische Linsen aufweisen, um die in das Walzgerust eingekoppelten Ultraschallwellen zu bundein.Coupling means are provided for coupling the ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement to a rolling mill, it is possible to initiate a maximum intensity of ultrasonic waves in the rolling mill for measuring the rolling force and to receive again. Usually, the coupling means are realized for example by Kunststoffkorper. Plastic bodies are also transparent to ultrasonic waves and have an ultrasonic wave resistance, which in conjunction with the ultrasonic wave resistance of steel this leads to the fact that the reflection at the media transition plastic-steel is not too large. In order to reduce the losses when coupling the ultrasonic waves in the rolling mill, they are usually coupled normal to the surface of the rolling mill. The coupling means may also have additional acoustic lenses to bundein the coupled into the rolling mill ultrasonic waves.
Gemäß einer zweiten Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung wird die oben aufgezeigte Aufgabe von einem Walzgerust zum Walzen von Walzgut mit mindestens einer erfindungsgemaßen Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung der Walzkraft gelost.According to a second teaching of the present invention, the above-described object is achieved by a rolling mill for rolling rolling with at least one device according to the invention for determining the rolling force.
Wie bereits oben ausgeführt, können die Investitionen für die Mittel zur Walzkraftmessung an einem Walzgerust durch die erfindungsgemaßen Vorrichtungen zur Ermittlung der Walzkraft verringert werden.As already stated above, the investments for the means for measuring rolling force on a rolling mill can be reduced by the devices according to the invention for determining the rolling force.
Vorzugsweise ist mindestens eine Ultraschall-Sender- Empfanger-Anordnung so angeordnet, dass die Walzkraft in einer Anstellvorrichtung zur Anstellung der Walzen, in einem Stutzlager einer Walze unterhalb eines Standerfensters und/oder im Standerrahmen ermittelt wird. Über die Anstellvorrichtung zur Anstellung der Walzen eines Walzgerusts wird unmittelbar auf die Walzen eine Kraft ausgeübt, welche zu einer Änderung der Spannungszustandes in der Anstellvorrichtung fuhrt. Die Änderung des Spannungszustandes kann dann über die Ultraschall-Sender-Empfanger-Anordnung aufgrund der Veränderung der Laufzeit von Ultraschallimpulsen in der Anstellvorrichtung bestimmt werden. Damit kann insbesondere die Anstellkraft der Walzen gemessen und beispielsweise einer Prozesskontrolle zugeführt werden. Ein Stützlager unterhalb eines Ständerfensters, auf welchem die Walzen lagern, erfährt dagegen nicht nur die Anstellkraft, welche über die Anstellvorrichtung ausgeübt wird, sondern deren Summe in Verbindung mit der über die Gravitation ausgeübte Kraft der eingebauten Walzen. Damit kann die Walzkraft, welche auf das Walzgut übertragen wird, unmittelbar gemessen werden. Die Messung der Walzkraft im Ständerrahmen hat den Vorteil, dass gleichzeitig auch die Dehnung des Ständers gemessen werden kann, da diese sich ebenfalls aus den Laufzeitmessungen ergibt .Preferably, at least one ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement is arranged such that the rolling force is determined in a setting device for adjusting the rolls, in a support bearing of a roll below a stander window and / or in the stander frame. About the adjusting device for adjusting the rollers of a rolling mill, a force is exerted directly on the rollers, which leads to a change in the state of stress in the adjusting device. The change of the voltage state can then be determined via the ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement due to the change in the transit time of ultrasonic pulses in the adjusting device. Thus, in particular the contact force of the rollers can be measured and fed to a process control, for example. On the other hand, a support bearing below a pedestal window, on which the rollers are mounted, not only experiences the contact force which is exerted via the actuation device, but their sum in conjunction with the force of the built-in rollers exerted via gravity. Thus, the rolling force, which is transmitted to the rolling stock, can be measured directly. The measurement of the rolling force in the stator frame has the advantage that at the same time the elongation of the stator can be measured, since this also results from the transit time measurements.
Gemäß einer dritten Lehre der vorliegenden Erfindung wird die oben aufgezeigte Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren zur Messung der Walzkraft an einem Walzgerüst unter Verwendung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung der Walzkraft gelöst, wobei durch Laufzeitmessungen von Ultraschallwellen im Walzgerüst die Walzkraft bestimmt wird. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren beruht, wie bereits beschrieben, auf der Ausnutzung des akustoelastichen Effektes und ermöglicht daher die Bestimmung der Walzkraft ohne das spezielle Dehnungskörper, Kraftaufnehmer etc. im Walzgerüst angeordnet werden müssen. Es ist lediglich darauf zu achten, dass die eingestrahltenAccording to a third teaching of the present invention, the above-described object is achieved by a method for measuring the rolling force on a rolling stand using a device according to the invention for determining the rolling force, wherein the rolling force is determined by transit time measurements of ultrasonic waves in the rolling stand. The method according to the invention is based, as already described, on the utilization of the acousto-elastic effect and therefore makes it possible to determine the rolling force without the special expansion body, load cell etc. having to be arranged in the rolling stand. It is only necessary to ensure that the irradiated
Ultraschallwellen nicht senkrecht zur Spannungsrichtung in dem gemessenen Teil des Walzgerüstes verlaufen.Ultrasonic waves do not run perpendicular to the direction of stress in the measured part of the mill stand.
Im Hinblick auf die Vorteile der weiteren Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird auf die Beschreibung der Vorteile der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtungen und ihrer Ausgestaltungen verwiesen.With regard to the advantages of the further embodiments of the method according to the invention, reference is made to the description of the advantages of the devices according to the invention and their embodiments.
Es gibt nun eine Vielzahl von Möglichkeiten die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung der Walzkraft in einem Walzgerüst, das erfindungsgemäße Walzgerüst sowie das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Messung der Walzkraft in einem Walzgerüst auszugestalten und weiterzubilden. Hierzu wird einerseits verwiesen auf die den Patentansprüchen 1, 6 und 8 nachgeordneten Patentansprüche, andererseits auf die Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung.There are now a variety of ways the device according to the invention for determining the rolling force in a roll stand to design and develop the rolling stand according to the invention and the inventive method for measuring the rolling force in a rolling mill and further. For this purpose, on the one hand, reference is made to the patent claims 1, 6 and 8 subordinate claims, on the other hand to the description of an embodiment in conjunction with the drawings.
Die Zeichnung zeigt in einer schematischen Seitenansicht axial zu den Arbeitswalzen ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Walzgerüstes.The drawing shows a schematic side view axially to the work rolls an embodiment of a rolling mill according to the invention.
Das in der einzigen Figur dargestellte Walzgerüst 1 ist ein typisches Vierwalzengerüst mit zwei Stützwalzen 2, 3 und zwei Arbeitswalzen 4, 5. Als Anstellvorrichtung dient im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel beispielsweise eine Anstellspindel 6. Werden über die schematisch dargestellte Anstellspindel 6 die Arbeitswalzen 4, 5 zueinander angestellt, so wirkt in der Anstellspindel 6 unmittelbar die Anstellkraft in axialer Richtung der Anstellspindel 6. Gleichzeitig wirkt auf das ebenfalls schematisch dargestellte Stützlager 7 nun die Summe aus der Anstellkraft, welche über die Spindel 6 eingeleitet wird und der Schwerkraft der Stütz- und Arbeitswalzen 2, 3, 4 und 5. Diese Gesamtkraft wirkt ebenfalls in axialer Richtung des Stützlagers 7. Da sowohl das Stützlager 7 als auch die Anstellspindel 6 am Ständergerüst 8 abgestützt werden, werden die vertikalen Bereiche des Ständers 8 in vertikaler Richtung mit der Walzkraft gedehnt. Die daraus resultierende mechanische Spannung in den vertikal verlaufenden Bereichen des Ständergerüstes 8 können dann beispielsweise durch eine Ultraschall-Sender-Empfänger- Anordnung 9 gemessen werden. Vorzugsweise wird als Ultraschall-Sender-Empfänger-Anordnung ein Ultraschall- Sender-Empfanger-Prufköpf verwendet, wie er im vorliegenden Ausfuhrungsbeispiel dargestellt ist. Dieser Ultraschall-Sender-Empfanger-Prufköpf sendet Ultraschallimpulse aus, deren Strahlengang 10 vorzugsweise parallel zur Spannungsrichtung im Rahmen des Standergerustes 8 des Walzgerustes verlauft. Der Ultraschallimpuls durchlauft den vertikalen Bereich des Rahmens des Standers 8 von der Einkopplungsposition bis zum unteren Ende des Standers 8, wo er am Übergang zwischen Standermaterial und Luft reflektiert wird. Die Laufzeit des Ultraschallimpulses für diese Strecke ist abhangig von der Temperatur des Standers 8 und dessen in Strahlenrichtung verlaufenden Spannungszustands.The rolling stand 1 shown in the single figure is a typical four-high rolling mill with two back-up rolls 2, 3 and two work rolls 4, 5. As adjusting in the present embodiment, for example, a Anstellspindel 6. Be about the schematically illustrated Anstellspindel 6, the work rolls 4, 5 to each other At the same time acts on the likewise schematically illustrated support bearing 7 now the sum of the contact force, which is introduced via the spindle 6 and the gravity of the support and work rolls 2, 3, 4 and 5. This total force also acts in the axial direction of the support bearing 7. Since both the support bearing 7 and the Anstellspindel 6 are supported on the stand frame 8, the vertical portions of the stator 8 are stretched in the vertical direction with the rolling force. The resulting mechanical stress in the vertically extending regions of the stator frame 8 can then be measured, for example, by an ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement 9. Preferably, the ultrasound transmitter-receiver arrangement is an ultrasound Transmitter-receiver Prufköpf used, as shown in the present exemplary embodiment. This ultrasonic transmitter-receiver-Prufköpf emits ultrasonic pulses whose beam path 10 preferably runs parallel to the direction of stress in the context of Standergerustes 8 of the rolling mill. The ultrasonic pulse passes through the vertical region of the frame of the stator 8 from the coupling position to the lower end of the stator 8, where it is reflected at the transition between the stator material and air. The duration of the ultrasonic pulse for this distance is dependent on the temperature of the stator 8 and its running in the beam direction voltage state.
Über die nicht dargestellten Auswertemittel kann dann abhangig von der gemessenen Laufzeit nicht nur die Walzkraft aus der errechneten Spannung im Stander 8 ermittelt werden, sondern auch dessen Dehnung bestimmt werden. Die Dehnung des Standers stellt eine wichtige Große insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Positionierung der Anstellelemente, beispielsweise der Anstellspindel 6, dar. Wie in der Figur dargestellt, kann die Ultraschallmessung unter Verwendung der Ultraschall-Sender-Empfanger- Anordnung 9 auch in axialer Richtung der Anstellspindel 6 und/oder des Stutzlagers 7 erfolgen. Es ist darüber hinaus noch denkbar, die Dehnung beider vertikaler Bereiche des Standers 8 zu vermessen, um beispielsweise aus dem Vergleich der beiden Messwerte die auf den Stander in Bandverlaufsrichtung wirkenden Kräfte zu bestimmen. Wie aus der Zeichnung zu erkennen ist, benotigt das erfindungsgemaße Verfahren zur Messung der Walzkraft in einem Walzgerust keine Prüfkörper oder Dehnungsmessstreifen und ist insofern wartungs- und storungsarm. Die Messsensoren, d.h. die Ultraschall- Sender-Empfänger-Anordnung, ist ferner außerhalb von Bereichen angeordnet, die in Bezug auf den Ein- und Ausbau von Arbeitswalzen oder Stützwalzen die Gefahr einer Beschädigung der Sensorik bergen. Darüber hinaus sind die Investitionskosten für eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung im Vergleich zu den bisher verwendeten Vorrichtungen zur Messung der Walzkraft sehr gering. By means of the evaluation means, not shown, it is then not only possible to determine the rolling force from the calculated tension in the stator 8, depending on the measured running time, but also to determine its elongation. The elongation of the stator represents an important factor, in particular with regard to the positioning of the positioning elements, for example the adjusting spindle 6. As shown in the figure, the ultrasound measurement using the ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement 9 can also take place in the axial direction of the positioning spindle 6 and / or the support bearing 7 done. It is also conceivable to measure the expansion of both vertical regions of the stator 8 in order to determine, for example, from the comparison of the two measured values, the forces acting on the stator in the belt running direction. As can be seen from the drawing, the method according to the invention for measuring the rolling force in a rolling mill does not require any test specimens or strain gauges and is therefore maintenance and low in distortion. The measuring sensors, ie the ultrasonic Transmitter-receiver assembly is also located outside of areas that involve the risk of damage to the sensor with respect to the installation and removal of work rolls or support rollers. In addition, the investment costs for a device according to the invention compared to the previously used devices for measuring the rolling force are very low.

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R U C H E PATENT CLAIMS
1. Vorrichtung zur Messung der Walzkraft in einem Walzgerüst, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s mindestens eine Ultraschall-Sender-Empfänger-Anordnung (9) und Auswertemittel vorgesehen sind, wobei die Auswertemittel aus einer Laufzeitmessung von Ultraschallwellen (10) die Walzkraft bestimmen.1. Apparatus for measuring the rolling force in a roll stand, in which at least one ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement (9) and evaluation means are provided, the evaluation means determining the rolling force from a travel time measurement of ultrasonic waves (10).
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s eine im Impuls-Echo-Verfahren arbeitende Ultraschall- Sender-Empfänger-Anordnung (9) vorgesehen ist.2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a pulsed echo method operating ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement (9) is provided.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s Mittel zur Temperaturmessung vorgesehen sind.3. A device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a means for measuring temperature is provided.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s die Ultraschall-Sender-Empfänger-Anordnung (9) einen einzigen Sender-Empfänger-Prüfköpf (9) aufweist.4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, d a d u r c h e k e n e c e s e s, e s the ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement (9) has a single transmitter-receiver test head (9).
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s Ankopplungsmittel zur Ankopplung der Ultraschall- Sender-Empfänger-Anordnung an ein Walzgerüst (1) vorgesehen sind. 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that coupling means for coupling the ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement to a roll stand (1) are provided.
6. Walzgerüst (1) zum Walzen von Walzgut mit mindestens einer Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung der Walzkraft nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5.6. rolling stand (1) for rolling rolling with at least one device for determining the rolling force according to one of claims 1 to 5.
7. Walzgerüst nach Anspruch 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s die Ultraschall-Sender-Empfänger-Anordnung (9) so angeordnet ist, dass die Spannung in einer Anstellvorrichtung (6) zur Anstellung einer Walze (2, 3), in einem Stützlager (7) einer Walze (2, 3) unterhalb eines Ständerfensters und/oder im Ständerrahmen (8) gemessen wird.7. rolling stand according to claim 6, characterized in that the ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement (9) is arranged so that the voltage in a adjusting device (6) for hiring a roller (2, 3), in a support bearing (7) a roller (2, 3) below a stator window and / or in the stator frame (8) is measured.
8. Verfahren zur Messung der Walzkraft an einem Walzgerüst unter Verwendung einer Ultraschall-Sender- Empfänger-Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei durch Laufzeitmessungen von Ultraschallwellen im Walzgerüst die Walzkraft bestimmt wird.8. A method for measuring the rolling force on a roll stand using an ultrasonic transmitter-receiver arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein by rolling time measurements of ultrasonic waves in the rolling stand, the rolling force is determined.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s unter Verwendung des Impuls-Echo-Verfahrens die Laufzeit der Ultraschallwellen bestimmt wird.9. Method according to claim 8, wherein the propagation time of the ultrasonic waves is determined using the pulse-echo method.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s10. The method of claim 8 or 9, d a d u c h e c e n e c e n e, d a s s
Ultraschallimpulse mit einer Frequenz von 0,1 bis 100Ultrasonic pulses with a frequency of 0.1 to 100
MHz und einer Wiederholfrequenz von bis zu 50 kHz emittiert werden.MHz and a repetition frequency of up to 50 kHz are emitted.
11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s die Spannung in einer Anstellvorrichtung zur Anstellung einer Walze, in einem Stützlager einer Walze unterhalb eines Ständerfensters und/oder im Ständerrahmen gemessen wird. 11. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the voltage in a adjusting device for hiring a roller, in a support bearing a Roller is measured below a pedestal window and / or in the stator frame.
PCT/EP2007/055847 2006-06-19 2007-06-13 Method and device for measuring the rolling force in a rolling stand WO2007147766A1 (en)

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