WO2007144187A1 - Floating ring seal for rotating shafts - Google Patents

Floating ring seal for rotating shafts Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007144187A1
WO2007144187A1 PCT/EP2007/005284 EP2007005284W WO2007144187A1 WO 2007144187 A1 WO2007144187 A1 WO 2007144187A1 EP 2007005284 W EP2007005284 W EP 2007005284W WO 2007144187 A1 WO2007144187 A1 WO 2007144187A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ring
wear protection
wear
protection coating
mechanical seal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/005284
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christian Kirchner
Original Assignee
Flowserve Dortmund Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Flowserve Dortmund Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Flowserve Dortmund Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2007144187A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007144187A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
    • F16J15/3492—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member with monitoring or measuring means associated with the seal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
    • F16J15/3496—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member use of special materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mechanical seal for a rotating shaft with a spring-loaded sliding ring and a counter-ring, wherein the sliding ring and the counter-ring have mutually associated wear-resistant contact surfaces.
  • the mechanical seal allows a seal of the rotating shaft in a housing.
  • the spring-loaded sliding ring may be assigned to the stationary housing and the mating ring of the rotating shaft or the mating ring to the stationary housing and the spring-loaded sliding ring of the rotating shaft. The fact that the sliding ring is pressed by the associated spring in the direction of the mating ring, a seal is achieved between the successive sliding contact surfaces.
  • the invention has the object, a mechanical seal with the features described above in such a way that the operating and wear state of the mechanical seal can be detected constantly and safely.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that at least one of the contact surfaces has an ultrathin sensory wear protection coating, the wear protection coating being connected to a measuring device which measures the electrical properties of the wear protection coating.
  • the sensory wear protection coating is part of a measuring circuit, whereby an electrical signal is passed over the wear protection coating. Due to the sensory properties of the wear protection coating, the measurement signal recorded by the measuring device permits a conclusion about the condition of the mechanical seal.
  • the removal of the wear protection coating by permanent abrasion leads to a comparatively slow change in the electrical resistance, so that a slowly progressing wear can be determined reliably.
  • the electrical properties of the wear protection coating are also temperature and / or pressure dependent.
  • rapid, transient changes in pressure and temperature up to high-frequency signals in the range of the rotational frequency of the shaft can then be determined during operation of the mechanical seal.
  • a hard material layer based on carbon is suitable as a wear protection coating, the wear protection coating being essentially present in a mixture of sp 2 and sp 3 -hybridized carbon atoms.
  • Such hard material layers are typically present in amorphous form, due to the diamond-like sp 3 bonds between individual carbon atoms, a high hardness and the graphitic sp 2 bonds low friction between the contact surfaces of the sliding ring and counter ring can be achieved.
  • the ratio of sp 2 bonds and sp 3 bonds can be adjusted by controlling the coating process according to requirements.
  • free bonds of individual carbon atoms to hydrogen atoms are completed.
  • H layers H layers or as a diamond-like carbon (diamond-like carbon DLC).
  • DLC diamond-like carbon
  • the hard material layers due to the production or to improve the layer properties, other atomic components, such as metal atoms, have.
  • the wear protection coating can for example be vapor-deposited onto the underlying material of the sliding ring or of the counter-ring or deposited in a plasma coating process.
  • the layer thickness of the wear protection coating is typically less than 100 microns, and preferably in a range between 1 .mu.m and 10 .mu.m.
  • the wear protection layer has a nano-structuring to improve the sensor properties, wherein the layer structure of the wear protection layer according to the nano-structuring changes in sections.
  • the nanostructuring can be realized, for example, by varying the layer thickness, by incorporating metallic nano-particles or the like [size of typically less than 1 ⁇ m].
  • one of the contact surfaces of the sliding ring or counter ring has the sensory wear protection coating and that the associated other contact surface is formed of an electrical insulator.
  • the electrical properties of the wear protection coating are determined in such an embodiment along the extent of the wear protection layer.
  • the slip ring or the mating ring, on which the wear protection layer is applied consists of an insulator or has an insulating intermediate layer, to which the wear protection layer is applied.
  • the wear protection coating has at least two contact points. If more than two contact points are provided, at the same time between the individual contact points several measurement signals are determined, in particular, allow a spatial allocation of the measurement signals.
  • a determination of an electrical resistance or a voltage drop between the slide ring and the counter ring is provided.
  • the sliding ring and the counter ring are suitably formed in such an embodiment of a highly electrically conductive material, wherein the counter ring and / or the sliding ring is provided with an ultra-thin sensory wear protection coating / are.
  • the measurement signal is determined by the state of the anti-wear coating, the contact between the seal ring and counter ring and possibly also by a thin lubricant film between the slide ring and counter ring.
  • a measuring signal is conducted at least over the sliding ring and the mating ring, with preferably a contactless transmission of the measuring signal to the rotating shaft or to the sliding ring rotating with the shaft or to the mating ring rotating with the shaft.
  • Fig. 1 shows a mechanical seal according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the mechanical seal according to the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a mechanical seal 1, which seals a rotating shaft 2 against a fixed housing 3.
  • a spring-loaded slide ring 4 is fixed to the housing and acts on a counter-ring 5, which on the rotating shaft 2 is attached.
  • Slide ring 4 and mating ring 5 have associated wear-resistant contact surfaces 6, 6 'as sealing surfaces, wherein the sliding ring 4 and mating ring 5 are formed from a highly electrically conductive material.
  • the contact surface 6 'of the counter-ring 5 has an ultrathin hard-material layer based on carbon as wear-resistant coating 7, the wear-resistant coating 7 essentially being present in a mixture of sp 2 - and sp 3 -hypridized carbon atoms.
  • the electrical properties of the wear-resistant coating 7 are temperature- and pressure-dependent, wherein the wear-resistant coating 7 preferably has nano-structuring in the form of metallic nano-crystals embedded uniformly in the carbon matrix in order to improve the sensor properties.
  • the electrical properties of the wear-resistant coating 7 are determined by conducting an electrical signal in a measuring circuit 8 via the mating ring 5, the wear-resistant coating 7 and the sliding ring 4 to a measuring device 9, wherein the sliding ring 4 fixed to the housing has an electrical connection 10 and the signal transmission from the measuring device 9 to the mating ring 5 takes place inductively or capacitively. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, an electrical resistance or a voltage drop between the sliding ring 4 and the counter ring 5 is determined.
  • a slow wear by the removal of the wear protection coating 7 and rapid changes of pressure and temperature in the operation of the mechanical seal 1 can be determined up to high-frequency signals in the range of rotational frequency.
  • the contact surface 6 of the sliding ring 4 can also be formed within the scope of the invention as an ultrathin sensory wear protection coating or as a conventional conductive wear protection coating.
  • Fig. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention, wherein a rotating seal ring 4 'of an insulating material, such as ceramic, acted upon by a resilient bellows 11 is pressed against a mating ring 5' fixed to the housing.
  • the counter-ring 5 1 has an ultrathin sensory wear protection coating 7 as a contact surface 6 ', which corresponds to the Embodiment to Fig. 1 is formed.
  • the wear protection coating 7 is separated by an insulating intermediate layer 12 of the metal formed body of the mating ring 5 '.
  • the ultrathin sensory wear protection coating 7 has at least two connections 10 ', on which the wear protection coating 7 is connected to a measuring device 9. In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the electrical properties of the wear-resistant coating 7 between the terminals 10 'are determined along the extent of the wear-resistant coating 7.

Abstract

The invention relates to a floating ring seal (1) for a rotating shaft (2) with a spring-loaded floating ring (4, 4') and a mating ring (5, 5'), wherein the floating ring (4, 4') and the mating ring (5, 5') have wear-resistant contact faces (6, 6') which are assigned to one another. According to the invention, at least one of the contact faces (6, 6') has an ultra-thin sensory wear-prevention coating (7), with the wear-prevention coating (7) being connected to a measuring device (5) which measures the electrical properties of the wear-prevention coating (7).

Description

"Gleitringdichtung für rotierende Wellen" "Mechanical seal for rotating shafts"
Beschreibung:Description:
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Gleitringdichtung für eine rotierende Welle mit einem federbeaufschlagten Gleitring und einen Gegenring, wobei der Gleitring und der Gegenring einander zugeordnete verschleißfeste Kontaktflächen aufweisen. Die Gleitringdichtung erlaubt eine Abdichtung der rotierenden Welle in einem Gehäuse. Je nach Einbausituation kann der federbeaufschlagte Gleitring dem feststehenden Gehäuse und der Gegenring der rotierenden Welle oder der Gegenring dem feststehenden Gehäuse und der federbeaufschlagte Gleitring der rotierenden Welle zugeordnet sein. Dadurch, dass der Gleitring von der zugeordneten Feder in Richtung des Gegenringes gedrückt wird, wird zwischen den aufeinander gleitenden Kontaktflächen eine Abdichtung erreicht.The invention relates to a mechanical seal for a rotating shaft with a spring-loaded sliding ring and a counter-ring, wherein the sliding ring and the counter-ring have mutually associated wear-resistant contact surfaces. The mechanical seal allows a seal of the rotating shaft in a housing. Depending on the installation situation, the spring-loaded sliding ring may be assigned to the stationary housing and the mating ring of the rotating shaft or the mating ring to the stationary housing and the spring-loaded sliding ring of the rotating shaft. The fact that the sliding ring is pressed by the associated spring in the direction of the mating ring, a seal is achieved between the successive sliding contact surfaces.
Gleitringdichtungen mit den eingangs beschriebenen Merkmalen sind aus der Praxis bekannt und werden beispielsweise bei Maschinen zur Verdichtung, Expansion oder Förderung von Gasen oder Flüssigkeiten eingesetzt. Obwohl die Gleitringdichtungen verschleißfeste Kontaktflächen, beispielsweise aus Siliciumcarbid, kunstharzimprägnierter Kohle, metallimprägnierter Kohle, Spezialkohle, Wolframcarbid oder Aluminiumoxid aufweisen, kann langfristig ein Verschleiß der Gleitringdichtung nicht verhindert werden. Der Verschleiß der Gleitringdichtung äußert sich durch eine Abnahme der Dichtwirkung, so dass die Gleitringdichtung ersetzt werden muss. Unbefriedigend ist, dass im Rahmen der bekannten Maßnahmen ein Verschleiß der Gleitringdichtung nicht frühzeitig, sondern erst bei dem Auftreten einer erhöhten Undichtigkeit feststellbar ist.Mechanical seals with the features described above are known in practice and are used for example in machines for compression, expansion or delivery of gases or liquids. Although the mechanical seals wear-resistant contact surfaces, such as silicon carbide, resin impregnated carbon, metal impregnated carbon, special carbon, tungsten carbide or aluminum oxide, long-term wear of the mechanical seal can not be prevented. The wear of the mechanical seal is expressed by a decrease in the sealing effect, so that the mechanical seal must be replaced. It is unsatisfactory that in the context of the known measures, wear of the mechanical seal is not detected early, but only when an increased leakage occurs.
Vor diesem Hintergrund liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Gleitringdichtung mit den eingangs beschriebenen Merkmalen derart weiterzubilden, dass der Betriebs- und Verschleißzustand der Gleitringdichtung ständig und sicher erfasst werden kann. Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass zumindest eine der Kontaktflächen eine ultradünne sensorische Verschleißschutzbeschichtung aufweist, wobei die Verschleißschutzbeschichtung an eine Messeinrichtung angeschlossen ist, welche die elektrischen Eigenschaften der Verschleißschutz- beschichtung misst. Die sensorische Verschleißschutzbeschichtung ist dabei Teil eines Messkreises, wobei ein elektrisches Signal über die Verschleißschutzbeschichtung geleitet wird. Aufgrund der sensorischen Eigenschaften der Verschleißschutzbeschichtung erlaubt dabei das von der Messeinrichtung aufgenommene Messsignal einen Rückschluss auf den Zustand der Gleitring- dichtung. So führt der Abtrag der Verschleißschutzbeschichtung durch dauerhaften Abrieb zu einer vergleichsweise langsamen Änderung des elektrischen Widerstandes, so dass ein langsam voranschreitender Verschleiß sicher festgestellt werden kann. Vorzugsweise sind die elektrischen Eigenschaften der Verschleißschutzbeschichtung auch temperatur- und/oder druckabhängig. Neben der langsamen Änderung der elektrischen Eigenschaften durch Verschleiß können dann bei dem Betrieb der Gleitringdichtung auch schnelle, transiente Änderungen von Druck und Temperatur bis hin zu hochfrequenten Signalen im Bereich der Rotationsfrequenz der Welle ermittelt werden.Against this background, the invention has the object, a mechanical seal with the features described above in such a way that the operating and wear state of the mechanical seal can be detected constantly and safely. The object is achieved according to the invention in that at least one of the contact surfaces has an ultrathin sensory wear protection coating, the wear protection coating being connected to a measuring device which measures the electrical properties of the wear protection coating. The sensory wear protection coating is part of a measuring circuit, whereby an electrical signal is passed over the wear protection coating. Due to the sensory properties of the wear protection coating, the measurement signal recorded by the measuring device permits a conclusion about the condition of the mechanical seal. Thus, the removal of the wear protection coating by permanent abrasion leads to a comparatively slow change in the electrical resistance, so that a slowly progressing wear can be determined reliably. Preferably, the electrical properties of the wear protection coating are also temperature and / or pressure dependent. In addition to the slow change in the electrical properties due to wear, rapid, transient changes in pressure and temperature up to high-frequency signals in the range of the rotational frequency of the shaft can then be determined during operation of the mechanical seal.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist insbesondere eine Hartstoffschicht auf der Basis von Kohlenstoff als Verschleißschutzbeschichtung geeignet, wobei die Verschleißschutzbeschichtung im Wesentlichen in einer Mischung von sp2- und sp3-hybridisierten Kohlenstoffatomen vorliegt. Derartige Hartstoffschichten liegen typischerweise in amorpher Form vor, wobei aufgrund der diamantartigen sp3-Bindungen zwischen einzelnen Kohlenstoffatomen eine große Härte und durch die graphitartigen sp2-Bindungen eine geringe Reibung zwischen den Kontaktflächen von Gleitring und Gegenring erreicht werden können. Das Verhältnis von sp2-Bindungen und sp3-Bindungen kann durch eine Steuerung des Beschichtungsprozesses entsprechend der Erfordernisse eingestellt werden. Typischerweise sind bei derartigen Hartstoffschichten zusätzlich zu den Bindungen zwischen den Kohlenstoffatomen freie Bindungen einzelner Kohlenstoffatomen mit Wasserstoffatomen abgeschlossen. Diese Schichten werden in der Praxis häufig auch als a-C:H-Schichten oder auch als diamantartiger Kohlenstoff (Diamant-Like-Carbon DLC) bezeichnet. Neben Wasserstoff können die Hartstoffschichten herstellungsbedingt oder zur Verbesserung der Schichteigenschaften auch weitere atomare Komponenten, wie beispielsweise Metallatome, aufweisen.In the context of the invention, in particular, a hard material layer based on carbon is suitable as a wear protection coating, the wear protection coating being essentially present in a mixture of sp 2 and sp 3 -hybridized carbon atoms. Such hard material layers are typically present in amorphous form, due to the diamond-like sp 3 bonds between individual carbon atoms, a high hardness and the graphitic sp 2 bonds low friction between the contact surfaces of the sliding ring and counter ring can be achieved. The ratio of sp 2 bonds and sp 3 bonds can be adjusted by controlling the coating process according to requirements. Typically, in such hard material layers, in addition to the bonds between the carbon atoms, free bonds of individual carbon atoms to hydrogen atoms are completed. These layers are in often referred to as aC: H layers or as a diamond-like carbon (diamond-like carbon DLC). In addition to hydrogen, the hard material layers due to the production or to improve the layer properties, other atomic components, such as metal atoms, have.
Die Verschleißschutzbeschichtung kann beispielsweise auf das darunter liegende Material des Gleitrings bzw. des Gegenrings aufgedampft oder in einem Plasmabeschichtungsverfahren abgeschieden werden. Die Schichtdicke der Verschleißschutzbeschichtung liegt dabei typischerweise unter 100 μm und vorzugsweise in einem Bereich zwischen 1 μm und 10 μm.The wear protection coating can for example be vapor-deposited onto the underlying material of the sliding ring or of the counter-ring or deposited in a plasma coating process. The layer thickness of the wear protection coating is typically less than 100 microns, and preferably in a range between 1 .mu.m and 10 .mu.m.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Verschleißschutzschicht zur Verbesserung der Sensoreigenschaften eine Nano-Strukturierung aufweist, wobei sich der Schichtaufbau der Verschleißschutzschicht gemäß der Nano-Strukturierung abschnittsweise ändert. Die Nano-Strukturierung kann beispielsweise durch Variation der Schichtdicke, durch Einlagerung metallischer Nano-Partikel oder dergleichen [Größe von typischerweise weniger als 1 μm] realisiert werden.In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the wear protection layer has a nano-structuring to improve the sensor properties, wherein the layer structure of the wear protection layer according to the nano-structuring changes in sections. The nanostructuring can be realized, for example, by varying the layer thickness, by incorporating metallic nano-particles or the like [size of typically less than 1 μm].
Im Rahmen der Erfindung kann vorgesehen sein, dass eine der Kontaktflächen von Gleitring oder Gegenring die sensorische Verschleißschutzbeschichtung aufweist und dass die zugeordnete andere Kontaktfläche aus einem elektrischen Isolator gebildet ist. Die elektrischen Eigenschaften der Verschleiß- schutzbeschichtung werden bei einer solchen Ausgestaltung entlang der Ausdehnung der Verschleißschutzschicht bestimmt. Der Gleitring bzw. der Gegenring, auf den die Verschleißschutzschicht aufgebracht ist, besteht dabei aus einem Isolator oder weist eine isolierende Zwischenschicht auf, auf die die Verschleißschutzschicht aufgebracht ist. Zum Anschluss an die Messein- richtung weist die Verschleißschutzbeschichtung dabei zumindest zwei Kontaktstellen auf. Sofern mehr als zwei Kontaktstellen vorgesehen sind, können gleichzeitig zwischen den einzelnen Kontaktstellen mehrere Messsignale bestimmt werden, die insbesondere auch eine räumliche Zuordnung der Messsignale ermöglichen. Bei der Bestimmung der elektrischen Eigenschaften entlang der Ausdehnung der Verschleißschutzschicht führt die Abnahme der Schichtdicke während des langsamen Verschleißes der Gleitringdichtung zu einer Erhöhung des zwischen zwei Anschlüssen bestimmten Widerstandes.In the context of the invention it can be provided that one of the contact surfaces of the sliding ring or counter ring has the sensory wear protection coating and that the associated other contact surface is formed of an electrical insulator. The electrical properties of the wear protection coating are determined in such an embodiment along the extent of the wear protection layer. The slip ring or the mating ring, on which the wear protection layer is applied, consists of an insulator or has an insulating intermediate layer, to which the wear protection layer is applied. For connection to the measuring device, the wear protection coating has at least two contact points. If more than two contact points are provided, at the same time between the individual contact points several measurement signals are determined, in particular, allow a spatial allocation of the measurement signals. When determining the electrical properties along the extent of the wear protection layer, the decrease in the layer thickness during the slow wear of the mechanical seal leads to an increase in the resistance between two terminals.
In einer alternativen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass eine Bestimmung eines elektrischen Widerstandes oder eines Spannungsabfalls zwischen dem Gleitring und dem Gegenring vorgesehen ist. Der Gleitring und der Gegenring sind bei einer solchen Ausgestaltung zweckmäßigerweise aus einem elektrisch gut leitenden Material gebildet, wobei der Gegenring und/oder der Gleitring mit einer ultradünnen sensorischen Verschleißschutzbeschichtung versehen ist/sind. Im Rahmen einer solchen Ausgestaltung wird das Messsignal durch den Zustand der Verschleißschutzbeschichtung, den Kontakt zwischen Gleitring und Gegenring und ggf. auch durch einen dünnen Schmierfilm zwischen Gleitring und Gegenring bestimmt. Ein Messsignal wird dabei zumindest über den Gleitring und den Gegenring geleitet, wobei vorzugsweise eine kontaktlose Übertragung des Messsignals auf die rotierende Welle oder auf den mit der Welle rotierenden Gleitring bzw. den mit der Welle rotierenden Gegenring erfolgt.In an alternative embodiment of the invention it is provided that a determination of an electrical resistance or a voltage drop between the slide ring and the counter ring is provided. The sliding ring and the counter ring are suitably formed in such an embodiment of a highly electrically conductive material, wherein the counter ring and / or the sliding ring is provided with an ultra-thin sensory wear protection coating / are. In the context of such an embodiment, the measurement signal is determined by the state of the anti-wear coating, the contact between the seal ring and counter ring and possibly also by a thin lubricant film between the slide ring and counter ring. In this case, a measuring signal is conducted at least over the sliding ring and the mating ring, with preferably a contactless transmission of the measuring signal to the rotating shaft or to the sliding ring rotating with the shaft or to the mating ring rotating with the shaft.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigen schematisch:In the following the invention will be explained with reference to a drawing showing only one embodiment. They show schematically:
Fig. 1 eine erfindungsgemäße GleitringdichtungFig. 1 shows a mechanical seal according to the invention
Fig. 2 eine alternative Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Gleitringdichtung.Fig. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the mechanical seal according to the invention.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Gleitringdichtung 1 , die eine rotierende Welle 2 gegen ein feststehendes Gehäuse 3 abdichtet. Ein federbeaufschlagter Gleitring 4 ist gehäusefest angeordnet und wirkt auf einen Gegenring 5, der auf der rotierenden Welle 2 befestigt ist. Gleitring 4 und Gegenring 5 weisen einander zugeordnete verschleißfeste Kontaktflächen 6, 6' als Dichtflächen auf, wobei Gleitring 4 und Gegenring 5 aus einem elektrisch gut leitenden Material gebildet sind. Die Kontaktfläche 6' des Gegenrings 5 weist eine ultradünne Hartstoff- Schicht auf der Basis von Kohlenstoff als Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 7 auf, wobei die Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 7 im Wesentlichen in einer Mischung von sp2- und sp3-hypridisierten Kohlenstoffatomen vorliegt. Die elektrischen Eigenschaften der Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 7 sind temperatur- und druckabhängig, wobei die Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 7 zur Verbesserung der Sensoreigenschaften vorzugsweise eine Nano-Strukturierung in Form von gleichmäßig in die Kohlenstoffmatrix eingebetteten metallischen Nano-Kristallen aufweist. Die elektrischen Eigenschaften der Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 7 werden dadurch bestimmt, dass ein elektrisches Signal in einem Messkreis 8 über den Gegenring 5, die Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 7 und den Gleitring 4 zu einer Messeinrichtung 9 geleitet wird, wobei der gehäusefest angeordnete Gleitring 4 einen elektrischen Anschluss 10 aufweist und wobei die Signalübertragung von der Messeinrichtung 9 auf den Gegenring 5 kontaktlos induktiv oder kapazitiv erfolgt. Bei der Ausführung gemäß Fig. 1 wird ein elektrischer Widerstand oder ein Spannungsabfall zwischen dem Gleitring 4 und dem Gegenring 5 bestimmt. Durch das Messsignal können ein langsamer Verschleiß durch den Abtrag der Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 7 sowie schnelle Änderungen von Druck und Temperatur bei dem Betrieb der Gleitringdichtung 1 bis hin zu hoch frequenten Signalen im Bereich der Rotationsfrequenz ermittelt werden. Die Kontaktfläche 6 des Gleitrings 4 kann im Rahmen der Erfindung auch als ultradünne sensorische Verschleißschutzbeschichtung oder als herkömmliche, leitfähige Verschleißschutzbeschichtung gebildet sein.Fig. 1 shows a mechanical seal 1, which seals a rotating shaft 2 against a fixed housing 3. A spring-loaded slide ring 4 is fixed to the housing and acts on a counter-ring 5, which on the rotating shaft 2 is attached. Slide ring 4 and mating ring 5 have associated wear-resistant contact surfaces 6, 6 'as sealing surfaces, wherein the sliding ring 4 and mating ring 5 are formed from a highly electrically conductive material. The contact surface 6 'of the counter-ring 5 has an ultrathin hard-material layer based on carbon as wear-resistant coating 7, the wear-resistant coating 7 essentially being present in a mixture of sp 2 - and sp 3 -hypridized carbon atoms. The electrical properties of the wear-resistant coating 7 are temperature- and pressure-dependent, wherein the wear-resistant coating 7 preferably has nano-structuring in the form of metallic nano-crystals embedded uniformly in the carbon matrix in order to improve the sensor properties. The electrical properties of the wear-resistant coating 7 are determined by conducting an electrical signal in a measuring circuit 8 via the mating ring 5, the wear-resistant coating 7 and the sliding ring 4 to a measuring device 9, wherein the sliding ring 4 fixed to the housing has an electrical connection 10 and the signal transmission from the measuring device 9 to the mating ring 5 takes place inductively or capacitively. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, an electrical resistance or a voltage drop between the sliding ring 4 and the counter ring 5 is determined. By the measurement signal, a slow wear by the removal of the wear protection coating 7 and rapid changes of pressure and temperature in the operation of the mechanical seal 1 can be determined up to high-frequency signals in the range of rotational frequency. The contact surface 6 of the sliding ring 4 can also be formed within the scope of the invention as an ultrathin sensory wear protection coating or as a conventional conductive wear protection coating.
Fig. 2 zeigt eine alternative Ausgestaltung der Erfindung, wobei ein rotierender Gleitring 4' aus einem isolierenden Material, beispielsweise Keramik, von einem federnden Balg 11 beaufschlagt gegen einen gehäusefest angeordneten Gegenring 5' gedrückt wird. Der Gegenring 51 weist eine ultradünne sensorische Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 7 als Kontaktfläche 6' auf, die entsprechend der Ausführung zu Fig. 1 ausgebildet ist. Die Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 7 ist durch eine isolierende Zwischenschicht 12 von dem aus Metall gebildeten Körper des Gegenringes 5' getrennt. Die ultradünne sensorische Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 7 weist zumindest zwei Anschlüsse 10' auf, an denen die Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 7 an eine Messeinrichtung 9 angeschlossen ist. Bei der Ausführung gemäß der Fig. 2 werden die elektrischen Eigenschaften der Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 7 zwischen den Anschlüssen 10' entlang der Ausdehnung der Verschleißschutzbeschichtung 7 ermittelt. Fig. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention, wherein a rotating seal ring 4 'of an insulating material, such as ceramic, acted upon by a resilient bellows 11 is pressed against a mating ring 5' fixed to the housing. The counter-ring 5 1 has an ultrathin sensory wear protection coating 7 as a contact surface 6 ', which corresponds to the Embodiment to Fig. 1 is formed. The wear protection coating 7 is separated by an insulating intermediate layer 12 of the metal formed body of the mating ring 5 '. The ultrathin sensory wear protection coating 7 has at least two connections 10 ', on which the wear protection coating 7 is connected to a measuring device 9. In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the electrical properties of the wear-resistant coating 7 between the terminals 10 'are determined along the extent of the wear-resistant coating 7.

Claims

Patentansprüche: claims:
1. Gleitringdichtung für eine rotierende Welle (2) mit einem federbeaufschlagten Gleitring (4, 41) und einem Gegenring (5, 51), wobei der Gleitring (4, 41) und der Gegenring (5, 51) einander zugeordnete verschleißfeste Kontaktflächen (6, 6') aufweisen, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass zumindest eine der Kontaktflächen (6, 6') eine ultradünne sensorische Verschleißschutzbeschich- tung (7) aufweist, wobei die Verschleißschutzbeschichtung (7) an eine Messeinrichtung (9) angeschlossen ist, welche die elektrischen Eigenschaften der Ver- schleißschutzbeschichtung (7) misst.1. mechanical seal for a rotating shaft (2) with a spring-loaded sliding ring (4, 4 1 ) and a counter-ring (5, 5 1 ), wherein the sliding ring (4, 4 1 ) and the counter-ring (5, 5 1 ) associated with each other wear-resistant contact surfaces (6, 6 '), characterized in that at least one of the contact surfaces (6, 6') an ultra-thin sensory Verschleißschutzbeschich- device (7), wherein the wear protection coating (7) to a measuring device (9) is connected, which measures the electrical properties of the wear protection coating (7).
2. Gleitringdichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrischen Eigenschaften der Verschleißschutzbeschichtung (7) temperatur- und/oder druckabhängig sind.2. Mechanical seal according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical properties of the wear protection coating (7) are temperature and / or pressure-dependent.
3. Gleitringdichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verschleißschutzbeschichtung (7) eine Hartstoffschicht auf der Basis von Kohlenstoff ist, wobei die Verschleißschutzschicht (7) im Wesentlichen in einer Mischung von sp2- und sp3-hypridisierten Kohlenstoffatomen vorliegt.3. Mechanical seal according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the wear protection coating (7) is a hard material layer based on carbon, wherein the wear protection layer (7) is present substantially in a mixture of sp 2 - and sp 3 -hypridized carbon atoms.
4. Gleitringdichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verschleißschutzbeschichtung (7) zur Verbesserung der Sensoreigenschaften eine Nano-Strukturierung aufweist, wobei sich der Schichtaufbau der Verschleißschutzbeschichtung (7) gemäß der Nano-Strukturierung ab- schnittsweise ändert.4. mechanical seal according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the wear protection coating (7) for improving the sensor properties has a nano-structuring, wherein the layer structure of the wear protection coating (7) according to the nano-structuring sectionally changes.
5. Gleitringdichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine der Kontaktflächen (6, 6') die sensorische Verschleißschutzbeschichtung (7) aufweist und dass die zugeordnete andere Kontaktfläche (6, 6') aus einem elektrischen Isolator gebildet ist. 5. Mechanical seal according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that one of the contact surfaces (6, 6 ') has the sensory wear protection coating (7) and that the associated other contact surface (6, 6') is formed of an electrical insulator.
6. Gleitringdichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Bestimmung eines elektrischen Widerstandes oder eines Spannungsabfalls zwischen dem Gleitring (4, 4') und dem Gegenring (5, 5') vorgesehen ist. 6. Mechanical seal according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a determination of an electrical resistance or a voltage drop between the sliding ring (4, 4 ') and the counter-ring (5, 5') is provided.
PCT/EP2007/005284 2006-06-16 2007-06-15 Floating ring seal for rotating shafts WO2007144187A1 (en)

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DE102006028154A DE102006028154B4 (en) 2006-06-16 2006-06-16 Mechanical seal for rotating shafts
DE102006028154.3 2006-06-16

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US20100171269A1 (en) * 2009-01-08 2010-07-08 Man Turbo Ag Monitoring of a Sealing Arrangement, Particularly of a Gas Compressor or Gas Expander
CN110002115A (en) * 2018-01-05 2019-07-12 苏州和突环境科技有限公司 A kind of double-layer storage tank

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DE202010011173U1 (en) * 2010-08-09 2011-12-22 Eagleburgmann Germany Gmbh & Co. Kg Sliding ring with improved inlet properties
DE102021127008A1 (en) * 2021-10-19 2023-04-20 Eagleburgmann Germany Gmbh & Co. Kg Slide ring with wear measuring device and mechanical seal arrangement with such a slide ring
DE102021127005A1 (en) * 2021-10-19 2023-04-20 Eagleburgmann Germany Gmbh & Co. Kg Slide ring with wear measuring device and mechanical seal arrangement with such a slide ring
DE102021127019A1 (en) 2021-10-19 2023-04-20 Eagleburgmann Germany Gmbh & Co. Kg Slide ring with wear measuring device and mechanical seal arrangement with such a slide ring
DE102021132117B3 (en) 2021-12-07 2023-02-02 Eagleburgmann Germany Gmbh & Co. Kg Slide ring of a slide ring seal and method for its production

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DE3444175C1 (en) * 1984-12-04 1986-03-06 Feodor Burgmann Dichtungswerke Gmbh & Co, 8190 Wolfratshausen Wear indicator for a mechanical seal

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US20100171269A1 (en) * 2009-01-08 2010-07-08 Man Turbo Ag Monitoring of a Sealing Arrangement, Particularly of a Gas Compressor or Gas Expander
CN101793326A (en) * 2009-01-08 2010-08-04 曼涡轮机股份公司 Monitoring of a sealing arrangement, particularly of a gas compressor or gas expander
US8540249B2 (en) * 2009-01-08 2013-09-24 Man Diesel & Turbo Se Monitoring of a sealing arrangement, particularly of a gas compressor or gas expander
CN101793326B (en) * 2009-01-08 2014-12-31 曼涡轮机股份公司 Sealing arrangement, fluid machinery and monitoring method of sealing arrangement
CN110002115A (en) * 2018-01-05 2019-07-12 苏州和突环境科技有限公司 A kind of double-layer storage tank

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