WO2007130029A1 - Apparatus and method for separating and filtering particles and organisms from a high volume flowing liquid - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for separating and filtering particles and organisms from a high volume flowing liquid Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007130029A1
WO2007130029A1 PCT/US2006/016859 US2006016859W WO2007130029A1 WO 2007130029 A1 WO2007130029 A1 WO 2007130029A1 US 2006016859 W US2006016859 W US 2006016859W WO 2007130029 A1 WO2007130029 A1 WO 2007130029A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filter
liquid
chamber
inlet
sludge
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2006/016859
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Birgir Nilsen
Halvor Nilsen
Original Assignee
Birgir Nilsen
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Birgir Nilsen filed Critical Birgir Nilsen
Priority to EP06752107.0A priority Critical patent/EP2029254B1/en
Priority to CN2006800544305A priority patent/CN101432057B/en
Priority to JP2009509508A priority patent/JP4954276B2/en
Priority to PCT/US2006/016859 priority patent/WO2007130029A1/en
Priority to KR1020087026619A priority patent/KR101130521B1/en
Publication of WO2007130029A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007130029A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C02F1/004—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance using large scale industrial sized filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
    • B01D29/117—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements arranged for outward flow filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
    • B01D29/31—Self-supporting filtering elements
    • B01D29/35—Self-supporting filtering elements arranged for outward flow filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/44—Edge filtering elements, i.e. using contiguous impervious surfaces
    • B01D29/48—Edge filtering elements, i.e. using contiguous impervious surfaces of spirally or helically wound bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D29/52—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
    • B01D29/66—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
    • B01D29/668—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps with valves, e.g. rotating valves for coaxially placed filtering elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/88—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices
    • B01D29/90—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices for feeding
    • B01D29/904—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices for feeding directing the mixture to be filtered on the filtering element in a manner to clean the filter continuously
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/88—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices
    • B01D29/90—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices for feeding
    • B01D29/906—Special treatment of the feed stream before contacting the filtering element, e.g. cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/44—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/12—Devices for taking out of action one or more units of multi- unit filters, e.g. for regeneration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/22—Directing the mixture to be filtered on to the filters in a manner to clean the filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
    • B01D2201/04—Supports for the filtering elements
    • B01D2201/043—Filter tubes connected to plates
    • B01D2201/0453—Filter tubes connected to plates positioned between at least two plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
    • B01D2201/08—Regeneration of the filter
    • B01D2201/085—Regeneration of the filter using another chemical than the liquid to be filtered
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/008—Originating from marine vessels, ships and boats, e.g. bilge water or ballast water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus and method for filtration of solid
  • Water filtration systems employ strainers or filter elements that eventually become clogged with solid particles and organisms such that it is necessary to clean
  • the filter elements in order to maintain operating efficiency of the filtration system.
  • This application is directed to an apparatus and method for separating and filtering particles and organisms from a high volume flowing liquid delivered at pump outlet pressure to a filter chamber having plural filter elements, with filter element back-flushing self-cleaning system, with gas-assisted filtration and treatment of water, and with use of the apparatus and method in high flow water treating applications including ballast water treatment, cooling water, fish farming, potable water and industrial water.
  • the invention provides a device for separating and filtering particles and organisms from a high volume liquid flow operating at predetermined pressure, with a filter element self-cleaning system, comprising: an inlet chamber with an inlet pipe receiving inlet liquid from a
  • a filter housing for positioning a plurality of elongate filter elements
  • each filter element being positioned near an outlet nozzle from the filter chamber; an outlet nozzle from the filter housing for delivering filtered liquid
  • a filter element back flushing arrangement in which the other end of each filter element is connected to a sludge manifold through a back flushing pipe and a back flush valve; a set of fins situated at the one end of each of the filter elements for directing liquid flow into the interior of the filter elements to effect a cleaning action along the interior surface of the element; a gas injection pipe for each filter element for the purposes of aiding the task of cleaning the filter element and of liquid treatment; and, a backpressure controller installed in the liquid flow system to ensure sufficient backpressure to discharge sludge from the sludge chamber for shipboard systems and other marine systems that discharge below the water line or sea level.
  • the apparatus and method includes an ultraviolet chamber for treating processed liquid in order to inactivate aquatic nuisance species including bacteria, microorganisms and pathogens.
  • the back flushing cycle is initiated by a pressure differential between the main inlet and the outlet.
  • a preset level typically, 30 mbar
  • PLC Programmable Logistic Computer
  • the filter/separating device of this invention is particularly suitable for the use of removing particles and organisms aboard ship ballast water systems, to reduce sediment loads in the ballast tanks and to prevent the spreading of aquatic nuisance
  • Ships use high flow low-pressure pumps, and the pump room is normally below sea level creating a backpressure in the sludge discharge system.
  • a backpressure controller maintains sufficient pressure head on the sludge system to facilitate discharge of sludge from the ship.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevation section view of the apparatus of the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a top plan view of the top flange of the apparatus of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a section view of the top flange of Figure 2.
  • Figure 4 is top plan view of the filter housing flange of the apparatus of Figure 1.
  • Figure 5 is a section view of the filter housing flange of Figure 4 showing position of filter elements.
  • Figure 6 is a plan view of the filter housing bottom flange.
  • Figure 7 is a section view of the bottom flange of Figure 6 showing position of filter elements.
  • Figure 8 is a bottom plan view sludge discharge manifold of the filter housing apparatus of Figure 1.
  • Figure 9 is a filter element forming part of the filter housing apparatus of
  • Figure 10 is a side elevation section view a modified embodiment of the apparatus of the invention.
  • Figure 11 is a bottom plan view sludge discharge manifold of the filter housing apparatus of Figure 10.
  • Figure 12 is a section view of manifold of Figure 11.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the apparatus of Figure 1 in use with ultraviolet treating chambers and other shipboard equipment for treating ballast.
  • the apparatus 10 comprises a filter housing 12 for filtering a high volume flowing liquid, filter elements 14 (referred to individually by numerals I, II, III and IV) positioned within the housing, an inlet manifold 16 for receiving and directing liquid to the filter housing, an outlet 18 for delivering filtered liquid from the filter housing, and a sludge manifold 20 for receiving and discharging from the filter housing a sludge of particles and organisms filtered by the filter elements from liquid processed by the apparatus
  • the filter housing is an elongate shell 12a defining filter housing chamber
  • a plurality of filter elements 14, preferably four in the embodiment of Figures 1-9, are secured within the housing with element ends 14a, 14b fitted into
  • the filter housing is surmounted by an inlet manifold 16 defining an inlet chamber 16a secured to the filter housing flange 22.
  • the inlet manifold includes inlet pipe 16b and an injection top flange 26 through which injection pipes 28 pass for the purpose of injecting chemicals into the liquid being processed.
  • the top flange 26 (Figs 2 and 3) is a round plate with injection pipe openings 28a there-through.
  • the filter housing flange 22 is shown in Figures 4 and 5 and comprises a round plate having four beveled openings 22a for receiving and supporting the inlet ends 14a of filter elements.
  • the periphery 22b of the flange is secured to both the filter housing and the inlet chamber by means of bolts 22c passing through bores.
  • the bottom flange 24 (Figs 6 and 7) is a round plate having a plurality of openings 24a for receiving the outlet ends 14b of filter elements, as well as a series of peripheral bores 24b for bolting the flange to the filter housing.
  • a sludge discharge manifold 20 having an integral manifold flange 21 is secured to the filter housing by means of bottom flange 24.
  • the sludge discharge manifold comprises a set of pipes 20a-d, with one of the pipe set extending from the bottom end of each filter element 14HV to a discharge manifold tank 30, and with a back flush valve 32a-d in each pipe.
  • the sludge manifold flange 21 is secured (Figs 1 and 7) to the filter housing by bottom flange 24.
  • the filter housing is fitted with four filter elements supported at their ends 14a, 14b by the filter housing flange 22 and the bottom flange 24.
  • the filter housing can be fitted with any number of filter elements depending on diameter of the filter, and the length of filter can be selected to fit the filter into available installation space.
  • the filter housing can be oriented in any position from horizontal to vertical.
  • Each of the filter elements is a wedge wire filter consisting of three parts: top support 14a, filter screen 14c, and lower end ring 14b.
  • the element top support is welded to the filter screen and machined to fit into the chamfered openings 22a of filter housing flange 22.
  • the top support also has an edge 14d (Fig 5) resting on top of the flange 22 to take the load of the filter, as well as opening 14e for liquid entry into the filter interior chamber 14f.
  • the opening 14e of the top support of each filter element is fitted with fins 32 that set the liquid flow in a spiral motion inside the filter element.
  • fins 34 may be placed within the filter element chamber 14f to achieve turbulent flow inside the element.
  • the filter screen 14c itself is made of wedge wire with 50-micron slots and has internal support to strengthen the screen to meet a collapse pressure of a minimum of eight bars. It is to be understood that the screen can be of other
  • the lower end ring 14b is welded to the screen with an outside diameter slightly smaller than the screen, and fits into the holes 24a (Fig 7) provided
  • the separating and filtering apparatus is especially designed for use in high flow systems such as ballast water treatment, cooling water, fish farming, potable water and industrial water for the purpose of removing suspended particles and organisms from the liquid.
  • Liquid enters the apparatus through the inlet nozzle passing into the inlet chamber and flowing into the filter elements in a spiral motion imparted by entry opening fins. Liquid flows through the slots in the filter element
  • Back flushing of each filter element may be initiated either by occurrence of a set pressure differential over filter inlet and outlet, after a set elapsed time period. In accordance with the invention, only one filter element back flushes at a time so that the apparatus continues to deliver filtered water through the other filter elements.
  • back flush valve 32b for filter element IV opens, water within the filter element flows into the sludge discharge manifold 30. Pressure inside the filter element is reduced and there is a free flow of already filtered water from the filter housing chamber 12b back through the filter element.
  • back flushing valve 32b is opened the pressure within the filter housing chamber is higher than the pressure within the filter element IV and there is a counter flow (back flushing) into the filter element with filtered water from the remaining operating elements HIL Particles that are wedged or jammed in the filter slots of element IV are washed back into the filter.
  • back flushing valve 32b By reason of reduced pressure, liquid velocity back through the element increases thereby washing the internal surface of the element.
  • Back flushing duration is set by a controller and can be adjusted according to the dirt load in the water. If the elements clog before the time set, a differential pressure switch initiates back flushing. After filter element No IV is back flushed, the back flushing valve 32b closes and valve 32c opens for cleaning of filter element II. After all filter elements have been flushed, the filter apparatus repositions to normal operational mode. Sludge water from the individual elements flows through the individual manifold pipes 20a-d and into collector tank 30. The collector tank is connected to an outboard discharge pipe on a ship and to a sludge treatment facility in a land based application.
  • a control valve (not shown) is installed on the sludge discharge line that maintains automatically an internal pressure in the filter system greater that the counter-pressure. The control valve will regulate the balance of flow between clean liquid and sludge and maintain system pressure required for sludge discharge without the need for sludge discharge pumps.
  • Injection pipes 28 passing through the top flange 26 (Figs 1-3) provide for air
  • the injection pipes can also be used for ballast water application of nitrogen, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, etc. For potable or wastewater chlorine may be added.
  • An injection nozzle (not shown) at the end of the injection pipe and at the entry of the element disperses gasses in micro-bubbles or mix the liquids and gasses
  • a filtering liquid path is established when all back flush valves are closed. Liquid entering the apparatus at inlet pipe 16b flows through inlet chamber 16a into each filter element through its top end opening 14e (Fig 5) filling the interior of the filter elements and their sludge manifold pipes 20a-d up to back flush valves 32a-d.
  • Fluid pressure within the elements is greater than that within the filter housing chamber so that liquid continues flowing along the first path through the filter ' screens into the housing chamber and out through outlet nozzle 26.
  • a second fluid path is established when one of the back flush valves (e.g., 32b) is opened and pressure within the filter element IV drops below that within the filter housing chamber.
  • Water from the inlet chamber 16a flows into the filter element opening 14d, through the interior of the element, into sludge manifold pipe 20b, and on into the sludge manifold.
  • filtered liquid within the housing chamber joins the second fluid path by back flowing through the filter screen to the interior of the element, and on into the sludge manifold pipe 20b and
  • Sludge comprising filtered and unfiltered water along with organisms and particles continues moving the second fluid path from the sludge manifold to an overboard discharge line or other point of disposal in a land based operation.
  • a modified embodiment of the apparatus 40 of the invention is illustrated in Figures 10-13 and comprises a filter housing 42, filter elements 14 positioned within the housing, an inlet manifold 44 for receiving and directing liquid to the filter housing, an outlet 46 for delivering filtered liquid from the filter housing, and a sludge manifold 48 for receiving and discharging from the filter housing a sludge of particles and organisms filtered by the filter elements from liquid processed by the apparatus.
  • the filter housing is an elongate shell defining housing chamber, is preferably cylindrical and is fitted with filter housing flange 50 and bottom flange 52.
  • nozzle 46 extends from the housing adjacent the bottom flange.
  • the plurality of filter elements 14, are secured within the housing with element ends 14a and 14b fitted into the filter housing flange and the bottom flange, respectively.
  • the filter housing is surmounted by inlet chamber 44 secured to the filter housing flange.
  • the inlet chamber includes inlet pipe 44a and an injection top flange 54 through which injection pipes 56 pass.
  • the filter housing flange 50, bottom flange 52, and injection top flange 54 are similar in general arrangement to those is shown in Figures 4 - 7.
  • a sludge discharge manifold 56 is secured to the filter housing by means of the bottom flange.
  • the sludge discharge manifold 56 comprises a tank subdivided into plural, typically four, compartments 56a-d with each compartment having filter element inlet openings through the bottom flange and an outlet pipe 58a-d with back flush valve extending from the bottom of each compartment to a sludge discharge tank.
  • the outlet pipes are connected by flange
  • back flush valve 60 and sludge tank 48 shown in Figure 10 for pipe 58c are representative also for 58a, c and d.
  • Each compartment of the sludge manifold tank receives a back flush discharge from several filter elements.
  • three filter elements are shown connected through bottom flange to compartment 56a of the manifold tank. With this arrangement undue piping complexities are avoided while enabling the back flushing of multiple filter elements with operation of a single control valve 58a.
  • FIG. 11 and 12 multiple filter elements drain into a single compartment, and a single pipe and valve connects each compartment to a sludge discharge tank, as represented at 48 and 60.
  • the piping, valve, sludge discharge tank, and filter elements are the same as for the embodiment of Figures 1-9.
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic line drawing of a shipboard installation of the apparatus according to the invention for treating ballast water.
  • High volume, low pressure ballast pumps P provide seawater to the filter/separation device in one of two ways.
  • ballast water may be pre-filtered through a device D for separating and filtering particles and organisms. The device is described and claimed in our
  • the water so pre-filtered is then introduced in the preferred or modified apparatus 10, 40 of the present invention for further and final separation of particles and organisms from the water with the sludge of filtered particles and organisms piped overboard.
  • the prefiltering device can be by-passed with ballast pumps providing unfiltered water to the filter of this invention. Purified water then flows from the filter 10, 40 to one or more ultraviolet chambers 70 in order to inactivate aquatic nuisance species including bacteria,
  • ballast water with organisms and particles filtered out, and with nuisance species inactivated is piped to ballast tanks B.
  • the filter ( Figures 1 and 10) receives either pre-filtered or unfiltered water for removal of organisms and particles. Water flowing at high volume, low pressure from shipboard ballast pumps enters the inlet chamber and
  • the filtering elements retain organisms and particles on their interior surface as water filters through the 50 , micron element standard into the filter chamber and through the outlet to shipboard ballast tanks.
  • filtering efficiency of the elements diminishes as organisms and particles collect on the interior filter surface. Loss of efficiency causes a pressure increase across the filter element, which loss is detected by a pressure controller to open a corresponding filter element sludge valve. Upon valve opening there is an immediate pressure drop within the filter element such that filtered water within the filter housing chamber now at a greater pressure backflushes through the filter element to loosen and remove organisms and particles on the interior surface. At the same time, unfiltered water from the inlet chamber in turbulent flow scours the interior filter surface carrying away organisms and particles lodged there. A sludge of filtered water, unfiltered water, and organisms and particles progresses to the sludge manifold and is discharged overboard.
  • filter housing and bottom flanges can be made of cast nylon PLA 6 which possesses sufficient strength, wear and chemical resistance, and is lightweight.
  • the manifold flange is the same material as the ballast system, normally, hot dipped galvanized carbon steel or GRE.
  • the filter screen is made of wedge wire with 50-micron slots, or other filtration grades as desired. The screen is welded to the top and bottom supports and has internal support to strengthen the screen to meet a collapse pressure of minimum 8 bars.
  • the device is especially designed for use in high flow systems including cooling water, fish farming, potable water and industrial water systems.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)

Abstract

An apparatus and method for filtration of solid particles and organisms from a flowing liquid and for cleaning filter elements while maintaining a positive flow of filtered liquid from the system while so cleaning. Turbulent liquid flow, ultraviolet radiation and system pressure are disclosed aspects of the apparatus and method.

Description

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR SEPARATING AND FILTERING PARTICLES AND ORGANISMS FROM A HIGH VOLUME FLOWING LIQUID
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to an apparatus and method for filtration of solid
particles and organisms from a flowing liquid.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Water filtration systems employ strainers or filter elements that eventually become clogged with solid particles and organisms such that it is necessary to clean
the filter elements in order to maintain operating efficiency of the filtration system.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This application is directed to an apparatus and method for separating and filtering particles and organisms from a high volume flowing liquid delivered at pump outlet pressure to a filter chamber having plural filter elements, with filter element back-flushing self-cleaning system, with gas-assisted filtration and treatment of water, and with use of the apparatus and method in high flow water treating applications including ballast water treatment, cooling water, fish farming, potable water and industrial water.
It is an objective of the invention to provide a device that can separate and filter particles and organisms from a high volume flow of liquid under pump inlet
pressure through multiple parallel filtering elements situated in a filter housing whereby individual filter elements can be cleaned while maintaining a substantial liquid flow through the filtering apparatus. To this end the invention provides a device for separating and filtering particles and organisms from a high volume liquid flow operating at predetermined pressure, with a filter element self-cleaning system, comprising: an inlet chamber with an inlet pipe receiving inlet liquid from a
pumping system at a predetermined pressure; a filter housing for positioning a plurality of elongate filter elements
each connected at one end to the inlet chamber and the other end of each filter element being positioned near an outlet nozzle from the filter chamber; an outlet nozzle from the filter housing for delivering filtered liquid
from the system; a filter element back flushing arrangement in which the other end of each filter element is connected to a sludge manifold through a back flushing pipe and a back flush valve; a set of fins situated at the one end of each of the filter elements for directing liquid flow into the interior of the filter elements to effect a cleaning action along the interior surface of the element; a gas injection pipe for each filter element for the purposes of aiding the task of cleaning the filter element and of liquid treatment; and, a backpressure controller installed in the liquid flow system to ensure sufficient backpressure to discharge sludge from the sludge chamber for shipboard systems and other marine systems that discharge below the water line or sea level.
In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus and method includes an ultraviolet chamber for treating processed liquid in order to inactivate aquatic nuisance species including bacteria, microorganisms and pathogens. The back flushing cycle is initiated by a pressure differential between the main inlet and the outlet. When the pressure differential reaches a preset level (typically, 30 mbar) across the filter/separator chamber back flushing is initiated and controlled by a Programmable Logistic Computer (PLC). The filter/separating device of this invention is particularly suitable for the use of removing particles and organisms aboard ship ballast water systems, to reduce sediment loads in the ballast tanks and to prevent the spreading of aquatic nuisance
species. Ships use high flow low-pressure pumps, and the pump room is normally below sea level creating a backpressure in the sludge discharge system. A backpressure controller maintains sufficient pressure head on the sludge system to facilitate discharge of sludge from the ship.
Other objectives, advantages and preferred features of the invention will become apparent with an understanding of the following detailed description of preferred embodiments the invention or upon employment of the invention in practice.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
A preferred embodiment of the invention has been chosen for detailed description to enable those having ordinary skill in the art to which the invention appertains to readily understand how to practice the invention and is shown in the accompanying drawing in which:
Figure 1 is a side elevation section view of the apparatus of the invention. Figure 2 is a top plan view of the top flange of the apparatus of Figure 1. Figure 3 is a section view of the top flange of Figure 2. Figure 4 is top plan view of the filter housing flange of the apparatus of Figure 1.
Figure 5 is a section view of the filter housing flange of Figure 4 showing position of filter elements. Figure 6 is a plan view of the filter housing bottom flange.
Figure 7 is a section view of the bottom flange of Figure 6 showing position of filter elements.
Figure 8 is a bottom plan view sludge discharge manifold of the filter housing apparatus of Figure 1. Figure 9 is a filter element forming part of the filter housing apparatus of
Figure 1.
Figure 10 is a side elevation section view a modified embodiment of the apparatus of the invention.
Figure 11 is a bottom plan view sludge discharge manifold of the filter housing apparatus of Figure 10.
Figure 12 is a section view of manifold of Figure 11.
Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the apparatus of Figure 1 in use with ultraviolet treating chambers and other shipboard equipment for treating ballast.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to the drawing, the apparatus 10 according to the invention comprises a filter housing 12 for filtering a high volume flowing liquid, filter elements 14 (referred to individually by numerals I, II, III and IV) positioned within the housing, an inlet manifold 16 for receiving and directing liquid to the filter housing, an outlet 18 for delivering filtered liquid from the filter housing, and a sludge manifold 20 for receiving and discharging from the filter housing a sludge of particles and organisms filtered by the filter elements from liquid processed by the apparatus
of the invention, The filter housing is an elongate shell 12a defining filter housing chamber
12b, is preferably cylindrical, and is fitted with filter housing flange 22 and bottom flange 24. An outlet nozzle 26 extends outward from the housing adjacent the bottom flange. A plurality of filter elements 14, preferably four in the embodiment of Figures 1-9, are secured within the housing with element ends 14a, 14b fitted into
the filter housing flange and the bottom flange, respectively.
The filter housing is surmounted by an inlet manifold 16 defining an inlet chamber 16a secured to the filter housing flange 22. The inlet manifold includes inlet pipe 16b and an injection top flange 26 through which injection pipes 28 pass for the purpose of injecting chemicals into the liquid being processed. The top flange 26 (Figs 2 and 3) is a round plate with injection pipe openings 28a there-through.
The filter housing flange 22 is shown in Figures 4 and 5 and comprises a round plate having four beveled openings 22a for receiving and supporting the inlet ends 14a of filter elements. The periphery 22b of the flange is secured to both the filter housing and the inlet chamber by means of bolts 22c passing through bores. In like manner, the bottom flange 24 (Figs 6 and 7) is a round plate having a plurality of openings 24a for receiving the outlet ends 14b of filter elements, as well as a series of peripheral bores 24b for bolting the flange to the filter housing.
As shown in Figures 1, 7, and 8, a sludge discharge manifold 20 having an integral manifold flange 21 is secured to the filter housing by means of bottom flange 24. The sludge discharge manifold comprises a set of pipes 20a-d, with one of the pipe set extending from the bottom end of each filter element 14HV to a discharge manifold tank 30, and with a back flush valve 32a-d in each pipe. The sludge manifold flange 21 is secured (Figs 1 and 7) to the filter housing by bottom flange 24.
In the embodiment of Figures 1-9 the filter housing is fitted with four filter elements supported at their ends 14a, 14b by the filter housing flange 22 and the bottom flange 24. The filter housing can be fitted with any number of filter elements depending on diameter of the filter, and the length of filter can be selected to fit the filter into available installation space. And the filter housing can be oriented in any position from horizontal to vertical.
Each of the filter elements (Figs 1, 5 and 9) is a wedge wire filter consisting of three parts: top support 14a, filter screen 14c, and lower end ring 14b. The element top support is welded to the filter screen and machined to fit into the chamfered openings 22a of filter housing flange 22. The top support also has an edge 14d (Fig 5) resting on top of the flange 22 to take the load of the filter, as well as opening 14e for liquid entry into the filter interior chamber 14f. The opening 14e of the top support of each filter element is fitted with fins 32 that set the liquid flow in a spiral motion inside the filter element. In addition, fins 34 (Fig 5) may be placed within the filter element chamber 14f to achieve turbulent flow inside the element.
As explained in detail below, during back flushing of the filter elements, the spiral motion imparted by the fins 32, 34 to water flowing into the element washes the inside surface of the filter so as to increase the efficiency of the back flushing operation. The filter screen 14c itself is made of wedge wire with 50-micron slots and has internal support to strengthen the screen to meet a collapse pressure of a minimum of eight bars. It is to be understood that the screen can be of other
filtration grades. The lower end ring 14b is welded to the screen with an outside diameter slightly smaller than the screen, and fits into the holes 24a (Fig 7) provided
in the bottom flange 24.
The separating and filtering apparatus is especially designed for use in high flow systems such as ballast water treatment, cooling water, fish farming, potable water and industrial water for the purpose of removing suspended particles and organisms from the liquid. Liquid enters the apparatus through the inlet nozzle passing into the inlet chamber and flowing into the filter elements in a spiral motion imparted by entry opening fins. Liquid flows through the slots in the filter element
wall into filter housing chamber. Particles and organisms larger that the filtration grade are trapped on the filter element inner surface. Filtered water is discharged through outlet nozzle 26. Particles and organisms collecting on the inner surface of the filter element will gradually clog up the filter so that the filter must be cleaned by back flushing.
Back flushing of each filter element may be initiated either by occurrence of a set pressure differential over filter inlet and outlet, after a set elapsed time period. In accordance with the invention, only one filter element back flushes at a time so that the apparatus continues to deliver filtered water through the other filter elements.
When back flush valve 32b for filter element IV (Figs 1 and 8) opens, water within the filter element flows into the sludge discharge manifold 30. Pressure inside the filter element is reduced and there is a free flow of already filtered water from the filter housing chamber 12b back through the filter element. When back flushing valve 32b is opened the pressure within the filter housing chamber is higher than the pressure within the filter element IV and there is a counter flow (back flushing) into the filter element with filtered water from the remaining operating elements HIL Particles that are wedged or jammed in the filter slots of element IV are washed back into the filter. By reason of reduced pressure, liquid velocity back through the element increases thereby washing the internal surface of the element. At the same time either pre-filtered or unfiltered water from inlet chamber 16a flows into the element with spiral motion imparted by entry fins 32 to increase the washing effect of the inners surface of the element. During back flushing the water pumps P (Fig 13) supplying water to the apparatus work normally. Discharge of filtered water from the apparatus is reduced by the quantity going to the sludge manifold.
Back flushing duration is set by a controller and can be adjusted according to the dirt load in the water. If the elements clog before the time set, a differential pressure switch initiates back flushing. After filter element No IV is back flushed, the back flushing valve 32b closes and valve 32c opens for cleaning of filter element II. After all filter elements have been flushed, the filter apparatus repositions to normal operational mode. Sludge water from the individual elements flows through the individual manifold pipes 20a-d and into collector tank 30. The collector tank is connected to an outboard discharge pipe on a ship and to a sludge treatment facility in a land based application.
In shipboard installations, there is a counter-pressure in the sludge discharge line that is equal to the draft of the vessel when the apparatus is installed below the ship's water line. A control valve (not shown) is installed on the sludge discharge line that maintains automatically an internal pressure in the filter system greater that the counter-pressure. The control valve will regulate the balance of flow between clean liquid and sludge and maintain system pressure required for sludge discharge without the need for sludge discharge pumps. Injection pipes 28 passing through the top flange 26 (Figs 1-3) provide for air
aided back flushing with one injection pipe for each filter element. During back flushing air improves the back flushing, especially when the water is very dirty. Air injection aids water turbulence and provides a great increase in cleaning efficiency for better cleaning of the filter elements. Ship's service compressed air at 7 bars is
used.
The injection pipes can also be used for ballast water application of nitrogen, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, etc. For potable or wastewater chlorine may be added. An injection nozzle (not shown) at the end of the injection pipe and at the entry of the element disperses gasses in micro-bubbles or mix the liquids and gasses
homogeneously into the water according to nozzle chosen.
There are two liquid paths through the apparatus, a first filtering liquid path and a second or back flush liquid path with the path taken determined by closed and open positions of back flush valves 32a-d.
A filtering liquid path is established when all back flush valves are closed. Liquid entering the apparatus at inlet pipe 16b flows through inlet chamber 16a into each filter element through its top end opening 14e (Fig 5) filling the interior of the filter elements and their sludge manifold pipes 20a-d up to back flush valves 32a-d.
Fluid pressure within the elements is greater than that within the filter housing chamber so that liquid continues flowing along the first path through the filter ' screens into the housing chamber and out through outlet nozzle 26.
A second fluid path is established when one of the back flush valves (e.g., 32b) is opened and pressure within the filter element IV drops below that within the filter housing chamber. Water from the inlet chamber 16a flows into the filter element opening 14d, through the interior of the element, into sludge manifold pipe 20b, and on into the sludge manifold. At the same time, filtered liquid within the housing chamber joins the second fluid path by back flowing through the filter screen to the interior of the element, and on into the sludge manifold pipe 20b and
into the sludge manifold. Sludge comprising filtered and unfiltered water along with organisms and particles continues moving the second fluid path from the sludge manifold to an overboard discharge line or other point of disposal in a land based operation.
A modified embodiment of the apparatus 40 of the invention is illustrated in Figures 10-13 and comprises a filter housing 42, filter elements 14 positioned within the housing, an inlet manifold 44 for receiving and directing liquid to the filter housing, an outlet 46 for delivering filtered liquid from the filter housing, and a sludge manifold 48 for receiving and discharging from the filter housing a sludge of particles and organisms filtered by the filter elements from liquid processed by the apparatus.
The filter housing is an elongate shell defining housing chamber, is preferably cylindrical and is fitted with filter housing flange 50 and bottom flange 52. Outlet
nozzle 46 extends from the housing adjacent the bottom flange. The plurality of filter elements 14, are secured within the housing with element ends 14a and 14b fitted into the filter housing flange and the bottom flange, respectively.
The filter housing is surmounted by inlet chamber 44 secured to the filter housing flange. The inlet chamber includes inlet pipe 44a and an injection top flange 54 through which injection pipes 56 pass. The filter housing flange 50, bottom flange 52, and injection top flange 54 are similar in general arrangement to those is shown in Figures 4 - 7.
As shown in Figures 10-12, a sludge discharge manifold 56 is secured to the filter housing by means of the bottom flange. The sludge discharge manifold 56 comprises a tank subdivided into plural, typically four, compartments 56a-d with each compartment having filter element inlet openings through the bottom flange and an outlet pipe 58a-d with back flush valve extending from the bottom of each compartment to a sludge discharge tank. The outlet pipes are connected by flange
57 (Figs 10, 11) to the underside of the manifold 56. For simplicity of illustration, back flush valve 60 and sludge tank 48 shown in Figure 10 for pipe 58c are representative also for 58a, c and d.
Each compartment of the sludge manifold tank receives a back flush discharge from several filter elements. In Figure 10 three filter elements are shown connected through bottom flange to compartment 56a of the manifold tank. With this arrangement undue piping complexities are avoided while enabling the back flushing of multiple filter elements with operation of a single control valve 58a.
As shown in Figures 11 and 12, multiple filter elements drain into a single compartment, and a single pipe and valve connects each compartment to a sludge discharge tank, as represented at 48 and 60. The piping, valve, sludge discharge tank, and filter elements are the same as for the embodiment of Figures 1-9.
Figure 13 shows a schematic line drawing of a shipboard installation of the apparatus according to the invention for treating ballast water. High volume, low pressure ballast pumps P provide seawater to the filter/separation device in one of two ways. First, ballast water may be pre-filtered through a device D for separating and filtering particles and organisms. The device is described and claimed in our
International Application No. PCT/US02/41909 and includes a conical or cylindrical shape inlet chamber Di where liquids enter tangentially creating a circular flow without creating a vortex, the liquids accelerate into a separation and filter chamber
D2 where the liquids spin around a longitudinally disposed filter element in the center of the chamber, with the centrifugal forces separating out larger and heavier particles towards the perimeter of the separation and filter chamber, and where smaller particles having a specific gravity closer to that of the liquid are filtered when the liquid penetrates through the filter element wall into the center of the filter element and flows out one of the longitudinal outlets of the unit. A sludge of filtered particles and organisms are piped to an overboard discharge line L.
The water so pre-filtered is then introduced in the preferred or modified apparatus 10, 40 of the present invention for further and final separation of particles and organisms from the water with the sludge of filtered particles and organisms piped overboard.
In a second arrangement according to the invention, the prefiltering device can be by-passed with ballast pumps providing unfiltered water to the filter of this invention. Purified water then flows from the filter 10, 40 to one or more ultraviolet chambers 70 in order to inactivate aquatic nuisance species including bacteria,
microorganisms and pathogens.
Finally ballast water with organisms and particles filtered out, and with nuisance species inactivated is piped to ballast tanks B.
In operation, the filter (Figures 1 and 10) receives either pre-filtered or unfiltered water for removal of organisms and particles. Water flowing at high volume, low pressure from shipboard ballast pumps enters the inlet chamber and
, flows directly into the filtering elements. Fins located within the elements cause turbulent water flow. Air from injection pipes further increases the turbulence of water flowing into the elements. The filtering elements retain organisms and particles on their interior surface as water filters through the 50 , micron element standard into the filter chamber and through the outlet to shipboard ballast tanks.
Gradually, filtering efficiency of the elements diminishes as organisms and particles collect on the interior filter surface. Loss of efficiency causes a pressure increase across the filter element, which loss is detected by a pressure controller to open a corresponding filter element sludge valve. Upon valve opening there is an immediate pressure drop within the filter element such that filtered water within the filter housing chamber now at a greater pressure backflushes through the filter element to loosen and remove organisms and particles on the interior surface. At the same time, unfiltered water from the inlet chamber in turbulent flow scours the interior filter surface carrying away organisms and particles lodged there. A sludge of filtered water, unfiltered water, and organisms and particles progresses to the sludge manifold and is discharged overboard. Backflushing is completed when the pressure is equalized between filter element interior and filter chamber so that the pressure controller closes the corresponding sludge valve. With the valve closed pressure within the element increases and water filtering resumes in the normal way. In preferred operation, filter elements are back flushed sequentially so as to ensure a net flow of filtered ballast water from the system at all times of operation.
Materials used for the apparatus include standard piping for the inlet head and filter housing, CuNi 90/10 for seawater service and AISI 316L for other applications. Carbon steel with rubber lining is also available. Injection, filter housing and bottom flanges can be made of cast nylon PLA 6 which possesses sufficient strength, wear and chemical resistance, and is lightweight. The manifold flange is the same material as the ballast system, normally, hot dipped galvanized carbon steel or GRE. The filter screen is made of wedge wire with 50-micron slots, or other filtration grades as desired. The screen is welded to the top and bottom supports and has internal support to strengthen the screen to meet a collapse pressure of minimum 8 bars.
It is to be understood that while the invention has been described with specific reference to shipboard ballast systems, the device is especially designed for use in high flow systems including cooling water, fish farming, potable water and industrial water systems.
Various changes may be made to the equipment arrangements embodying the principles of the invention. The foregoing embodiments are set forth in an illustrative and not in a limiting sense. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims appended hereto.

Claims

We claim:
1. An apparatus for separating and filtering organisms and particles from a high volume flowing liquid comprising a filter housing defining a filter housing chamber, a plurality of elongate filter elements each having an enclosed filter screen defining an interior filter element chamber, an inlet manifold surmounting the filter housing and defining an inlet chamber in communication with the filter element chambers, an outlet nozzle for delivering filtered liquid from the housing chamber, a sludge discharge manifold secured to the filter housing in fluid communication with the bottom end of filter elements and with a sludge disposal point, the sludge discharge manifold for receiving flowing liquid from filter elements, back flush valves in the sludge manifold for controlling liquid flow from filter element chambers, the apparatus defining a first fluid path for filtering liquid, said first path extending from the inlet manifold, into the filter element chamber and through the filter screen into the housing chamber and through the outlet nozzle, the apparatus defining a second fluid path for both unfiltered liquid flowing from the inlet manifold and filtered liquid flowing from the filter housing chamber into the interior of filter elements, then flowing through the sludge discharge manifold tank to a disposal point, so that when a back flush valve is closed liquid received by the apparatus through the inlet manifold passes through the first fluid path, and when a back flush valve is open, the filter screen is cleaned by means of both unfiltered liquid from the inlet chamber and filtered liquid from the filter housing chamber flowing in the second fluid path.
2. An apparatus as defined in claim 1 in which the sludge discharge manifold comprises a set of pipes with one of the pipe set extending from a filter element to a discharge manifold tank and a back flush valve in said one pipe.
3. An apparatus as defined in claim 1 in which the sludge discharge manifold comprises a tank subdivided into compartments with each compartment in liquid communication with plural filter elements, and an outlet pipe with back flush valve extending from each compartment to a sludge discharge tank.
4. An apparatus as defined in claim 1 in which each filter element has an entry opening for receiving liquid from the inlet manifold, and in which fins are located in the entry opening to impart turbulent flow to liquid flowing into the filter elements.
5. An apparatus as defined in claim 4 in which the filter elements have fins extending along the interior filter element chamber to sustain turbulent liquid flow within the chamber.
6. An apparatus as defined in claim 1 in which injection pipes are fitted to the inlet chamber to inject air into the filter elements to aid turbulence of liquid flowing into the elements, and to increase cleaning efficiency of the filter elements.
7. An apparatus as defined in claim 1 in which the filter screen is wedge wire with internal support to meet a collapse pressure of a minimum of 8 bars.
8. An apparatus as defined in claim 7 in which the filter screen has 50 micron slots.
9 An apparatus as defined in claim 1 which further includes a pressure control valve for maintaining an internal pressure in the apparatus sufficient to overcome a counter-pressure occurring when the apparatus is installed in a ship below the ship's water line thereby enabling overboard discharge of sludge against the counter- pressure without the need for sludge discharge pumps.
10. An apparatus for separating and filtering organisms and particles from a high volume flowing liquid comprising a filter housing defining a filter housing chamber,
the filter housing having a filter housing flange and a bottom flange, the filter housing flange and the bottom having aligned openings there-through for receiving an elongate filter element, a plurality of elongate filter elements each having an enclosed filter screen defining an interior filter element chamber, the elements further having top and bottom ends, the top and bottom ends positioned respectively, in the aligned openings of the housing flange and the bottom flange, an inlet manifold surmounting the filter housing and defining an inlet chamber in communication with the filter element chambers, an inlet pipe for admitting liquid to the inlet chamber, an outlet nozzle for delivering filtered liquid from the filtered housing chamber, a sludge discharge manifold secured to the filter housing in fluid communication with the bottom end of the filter elements, the sludge discharge manifold comprising a discharge manifold tank connected by a sludge pipe to the bottom end of each filter element, a back flush valve in the sludge pipe, the apparatus defining a first fluid path for liquid from the inlet pipe through the inlet manifold, into the filter element chamber and through the filter screen into the housing chamber and through the outlet nozzle, the apparatus defining a second fluid path including both unfiltered liquid from the inlet manifold and filtered liquid from the filter housing chamber into the interior of filter elements, through the sludge pipe to the discharge manifold tank to a disposal point, so that when the back flush valve is closed liquid received by the apparatus passes through the first fluid path, and when the back flush valve is open, the filter screen is cleaned by means of both filtered liquid from the filter housing chamber flowing in a second fluid path back through the filter screen to remove organisms and particles from the filter screen interior surface, and by unfiltered liquid flowing from the inlet manifold through the filter element chamber to remove organisms and particles from the filter screen interior surface, and with a sludge of filtered and unfiltered liquid together with organisms and particles flowing along the second fluid path to a disposal point.
11. An apparatus for separating and filtering organisms and particles from a high volume flowing liquid comprising a filter housing defining a filter housing chamber, the filter housing having a filter housing flange and a bottom flange, the filter housing flange and the bottom having aligned openings there-through for receiving an elongate filter element, a plurality of elongate filter elements each having an enclosed filter screen defining an interior filter element chamber, the elements further having top and bottom ends, the top and bottom ends positioned respectively, in the aligned openings of the housing flange and the bottom flange, an inlet manifold surmounting the filter housing and defining an inlet chamber in communication with the filter element chambers, an inlet pipe for admitting liquid to the inlet chamber, an outlet nozzle for delivering filtered liquid from the filtered housing chamber, a sludge discharge manifold secured to the filter housing in fluid communication with the bottom end of the filter elements, the sludge discharge manifold comprising a tank subdivided into compartments with each compartment receiving discharge from several filter elements and each compartment having an outlet pipe extending to a sludge discharge tank, and each outlet pipe fitted with a back flush valve, the apparatus defining a first fluid path for liquid from the inlet pipe through the inlet manifold, into the filter element chamber and through the filter screen into the housing chamber and through the outlet nozzle, the apparatus defining a second fluid path including both unfiltered liquid from the inlet manifold and filtered liquid from the filter housing chamber into the interior of filter elements, through the sludge discharge manifold to a disposal point, so that when the back flush valve is closed liquid received by the apparatus passes through the first fluid path, and when the back flush valve is open, the filter screen is cleaned by means of both filtered liquid from the filter housing chamber flowing in a second fluid path back through the filter screen to remove organisms and particles from the filter screen interior surface, and by unfiltered liquid flowing from the inlet manifold through the filter element chamber to remove organisms and particles from the filter screen interior surface, and with a sludge of filtered and unfiltered liquid together with organisms and particles flowing along the second fluid path to a disposal point.
12. A method for separating and filtering organisms and particles from a high volume flowing liquid comprising the steps of:
establishing a first fluid path for flow of liquid from an inlet point into a filter screen chamber, through the filter screen in a filtering direction and through a collection chamber to a point of discharge of filtered liquid, establishing a second fluid path from the collection chamber through the filter screen in a filter cleaning direction to a point of disposal, and from the inlet point through the filter screen chamber to the point of disposal, selecting the first fluid path for filtering liquid, monitoring the pressure differential between the filter screen chamber and the collection chamber, selecting the second path for liquid flow when pressure differential reaches a predetermined value so as to clean the filter with both filtered and unfiltered liquid, and discharging at the point of disposal a sludge of organisms and particles
entrained in a mix of filtered and unfiltered liquid generated in the course of flow through the second fluid path.
13. A method as defined in claim 12 which further includes the step of irradiating filtered liquid with ultraviolet radiation.
14. A method as defined in claim 12 which further includes the step of maintaining a pressure on the second fluid path to enable flow to the point of discharge against a given counter-pressure.
15. A method as defined in claim 12 which further includes the step of imparting turbulence to liquid flowing into the filter screen chamber.
16. A method as defined in claim 12 which further includes the step of injecting air
into the fluid at the inlet point for imparting turbulence to liquid flowing into the filter screen chamber.
17. A method as defined in claim 12 which further includes the step of pre-filtering liquid prior to its flow to the inlet point.
PCT/US2006/016859 2006-05-02 2006-05-02 Apparatus and method for separating and filtering particles and organisms from a high volume flowing liquid WO2007130029A1 (en)

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CN2006800544305A CN101432057B (en) 2006-05-02 2006-05-02 Apparatus and method for separating and filtering particle and organic matter in high-flux flowing liquid
JP2009509508A JP4954276B2 (en) 2006-05-02 2006-05-02 Apparatus and method for separating and filtering particles and organisms from bulk fluid flow
PCT/US2006/016859 WO2007130029A1 (en) 2006-05-02 2006-05-02 Apparatus and method for separating and filtering particles and organisms from a high volume flowing liquid
KR1020087026619A KR101130521B1 (en) 2006-05-02 2006-05-02 Apparatus and method for separating and filtering particles and organisms from a high volume flowing liquid

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CN101432057A (en) 2009-05-13
EP2029254A1 (en) 2009-03-04
EP2029254A4 (en) 2010-07-07
EP2029254B1 (en) 2014-07-16
JP2009535211A (en) 2009-10-01
JP4954276B2 (en) 2012-06-13
KR101130521B1 (en) 2012-03-28
KR20090024668A (en) 2009-03-09
CN101432057B (en) 2013-01-02

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