WO2007123544A1 - System performance correction by modifying refrigerant composition in a refrigerant system - Google Patents
System performance correction by modifying refrigerant composition in a refrigerant system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007123544A1 WO2007123544A1 PCT/US2006/015641 US2006015641W WO2007123544A1 WO 2007123544 A1 WO2007123544 A1 WO 2007123544A1 US 2006015641 W US2006015641 W US 2006015641W WO 2007123544 A1 WO2007123544 A1 WO 2007123544A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- set forth
- compressor
- heat exchanger
- mixture
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 22
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous difluoromethane Natural products FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)F GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 19
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010725 compressor oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AWTOFSDLNREIFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)C(F)F AWTOFSDLNREIFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
- C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
- C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
- C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
- F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
- F25J1/0249—Controlling refrigerant inventory, i.e. composition or quantity
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/18—Optimization, e.g. high integration of refrigeration components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/006—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant containing more than one component
Definitions
- This invention relates to correcting system performance of a refrigerant system by modifying the refrigerant composition in the refrigerant system.
- Refrigerant systems are employed to change the temperature and/or humidity of a secondary fluid.
- One common example is an air conditioning or heat pump system, which is utilized to condition air to be delivered into an indoor environment.
- Another example is a chiller system delivering chilled water or glycol solution for cooling purposes.
- a typical vapor compression refrigerant system includes a compressor for compressing a refrigerant, a condenser downstream of the compressor, an expansion device downstream of the condenser, and an evaporator downstream of the expansion device.
- Refrigerant circulates between these four basic components, and a number of other optional components and sub-circuits.
- One control feature that is often incorporated into a refrigerant system is the ability to cycle, or temporarily turn off the compressor.
- This control feature is normally included into at least one of the refrigerant circuits of the refrigerant system, should a refrigerant system be delivering more capacity than is necessary.
- Such cycling is inefficient, presents a discomfort to an occupant of the conditioned space, and can also cause reliability issues such as oil pump-out from the compressor oil sump. Therefore it would be desirable to reduce the amount of cycling. Further, cycling can result in temperature and humidity variations in the conditioned space that are dependent upon the frequency of cycling and duration of an off-cycle.
- the unit may begin to deteriorate.
- Examples of conditions that can lead to the reduced performance would include (but are not limited to) damaged, corroded or clogged condenser, and/or evaporator, external or internal surfaces. Again, this can cause the unit to "trip" or cycle, and can otherwise degrade performance.
- the only change to the refrigerant cycle would be the addition or removal of a refrigerant charge using the same refrigerant.
- this provides only a limited change or benefit to the unit operational characteristics (normally, the allowed refrigerant charge amount would not affect the unit capacity by more than 5% by slightly varying the amount of subcooling leaving the condenser coil).
- changes in the refrigerant charge level can result in component malfunction problems or operation outside of functional specification.
- a refrigerant system with a distinct new refrigerant should any of the above, or similar problems be detected, while the old refrigerant is either fully removed or partially removed/added into the system.
- the distinct new refrigerant should have different characteristics that in particular would result in the identified problems being addressed.
- a partial or complete changeover could occur from a typically higher pressure refrigerant to a lower pressure refrigerant (a high pressure refrigerant is broadly defined as a refrigerant that has a higher pressure than a low pressure refrigerant for the same saturation temperature). This typically would then result in lower unit capacity, and would reduce the amount of cycling.
- the agency qualification (such as UL, CSA, etc.) for the system would typically be automatically granted, and need not be redone.
- the refrigerant system, and its compressor will be operating at a lower pressure and lower current, should a higher pressure refrigerant be replaced with a lower pressure refrigerant.
- unit cycling losses can be substantially reduced, system reliability enhanced and comfort in the conditioned space significantly improved.
- the refrigerant addition can also be made on an iterative basis, where the unit performance is checked after a new refrigerant has been added to the system and a portion of the old refrigerant is removed (if necessary).
- the refrigerant mixture can be made less flammable by adding another substance (refrigerant or compound) that is different than the original refrigerant mixture.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of a refrigerant system.
- Figure 2 is a flow chart of the present invention.
- a refrigerant system 20 includes a compressor 22 compressing a refrigerant and delivering it downstream to a condenser 24.
- Refrigerant passes from the condenser 24 to an expansion device 26, and then to an evaporator 28.
- the condenser in a conventional air conditioning system is typically located outdoors, and delivers heat to the ambient environment.
- the evaporator is typically positioned indoors, and conditions air to be delivered into a building.
- refrigerant circulates between the four basic components, 22, 24, 26 and 28 interconnected in a closed-loop arrangement. Many other subsystems and components are often included in refrigerant systems.
- a partial or full changeover could occur typically from a higher pressure refrigerant to a lower pressure refrigerant. This would then result in lower capacity, and would reduce the amount of cycling.
- R410A refrigerant As one example, by changing from R410A refrigerant to R407C refrigerant, it would be possible to reduce unit capacity up to 30%. Smaller unit capacity reduction would be expected if the R410A refrigerant were only partially replaced by the R407C refrigerant. Unit cycling losses can be substantially reduced, system reliability enhanced and comfort in the conditioned space significantly improved.
- the unit efficiency may increase because the heat exchanger coils would effectively become "oversized" when a change to a lower pressure refrigerant is made. This would be due to a difference in thermo-physical properties of the various refrigerants.
- the oversizing effect can be especially important if the coils are substantially damaged, "aged” or clogged, as mentioned above. In this case, by using a lower pressure refrigerant, the compressor loading and compressor discharge pressure can typically be reduced. Further, unit cycling on a high-pressure switch can be avoided if the clogged condenser coil was the cause of this problem.
- the refrigerant additions can be made to/from the R410A refrigerant from/to any of the R407C, R22, R134a, or R404A refrigerants. Also, the additions can be done to/from the R404A refrigerant from/to any of the R407C, R22, or R134a refrigerants. Also, the R407C refrigerant can be replaced partially or completely by the R22, or R134a refrigerants. Lastly, the additions can be performed to/from the R22 from/to R134a refrigerant. Of course, these examples don't cover a wide spectrum of available refrigerants and substances, and other combinations are possible.
- R-Il pure refrigerants
- R-113 may include (but are not limited to): R-Il, R-113, R-115, R-116, R-12, R-123, R-124, R-125, R-13, R-142b, R- 143a, R-152a, R-227ea, R-23, R-236fa, R-245ca, R-245fa, R-32, R-41, Propane, Butane, Isobutene, ammonia, propylene, and carbon dioxide.
- the removal or addition would be relatively straightforward, since the system components, such as the compressors, heat exchangers and even expansion devices may handle the refrigerant additions without any modification. For most systems, it will often not even be necessary to use different compressor oil, since the same oil is compatible with many refrigerants.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/297,260 US20090165472A1 (en) | 2006-04-25 | 2006-04-25 | System performance correction by modifying refrigerant composition in a refrigerant system |
CNA2006800543482A CN101479539A (en) | 2006-04-25 | 2006-04-25 | System performance correction by modifying refrigerant composition in a refrigerant system |
PCT/US2006/015641 WO2007123544A1 (en) | 2006-04-25 | 2006-04-25 | System performance correction by modifying refrigerant composition in a refrigerant system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2006/015641 WO2007123544A1 (en) | 2006-04-25 | 2006-04-25 | System performance correction by modifying refrigerant composition in a refrigerant system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2007123544A1 true WO2007123544A1 (en) | 2007-11-01 |
Family
ID=38625322
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2006/015641 WO2007123544A1 (en) | 2006-04-25 | 2006-04-25 | System performance correction by modifying refrigerant composition in a refrigerant system |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090165472A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101479539A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007123544A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014134821A1 (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2014-09-12 | Honeywell International Inc. | Low gwp heat transfer compositions including co2 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102242994B (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2012-12-19 | 绍兴西爱西尔数控科技有限公司 | Refrigerant filling machine front liquid storage device with cooling function |
CN103031115A (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2013-04-10 | 常州大学 | Mixed refrigerant |
CN112503813B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-03-18 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Method and device for replacing air conditioner refrigerant |
CN114893879B (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2023-08-29 | 重庆美的通用制冷设备有限公司 | Refrigerant switching method and switching device, readable storage medium, and refrigeration device |
CN115046323B (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2023-05-12 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Refrigerating regulation system, refrigerating system, electric appliance and refrigerating method |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5934087A (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 1999-08-10 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Refrigerating apparatus |
US6293108B1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2001-09-25 | Vortex Aircon | Regenerative refrigeration system with mixed refrigerants |
US6557358B2 (en) * | 2001-06-28 | 2003-05-06 | Kendro Laboratory Products, Inc. | Non-hydrocarbon ultra-low temperature system for a refrigeration system |
US6843930B2 (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2005-01-18 | Acm Tech | Composition of refrigerant mixtures for high back pressure condition |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5363661A (en) * | 1993-09-03 | 1994-11-15 | Condit David A | Method and apparatus for testing refrigerant |
US5377493A (en) * | 1994-03-28 | 1995-01-03 | Thermo King Corporation | Method and apparatus for evacuating and charging a refrigeration unit |
TW322527B (en) * | 1994-09-16 | 1997-12-11 | Sanyo Electric Co | |
WO1996033377A1 (en) * | 1995-04-18 | 1996-10-24 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Method of filling refrigerant mixture |
US6000230A (en) * | 1997-08-19 | 1999-12-14 | Showa Denko K.K. | Method for dividing and charging of non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant |
JP3185722B2 (en) * | 1997-08-20 | 2001-07-11 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Refrigeration air conditioner and method for determining refrigerant composition of refrigeration air conditioner |
US6035648A (en) * | 1998-08-03 | 2000-03-14 | York International Corporation | Method of charging and recharging a refrigeration system containing a ternary refrigerant |
GB9901668D0 (en) * | 1999-01-26 | 1999-03-17 | Ici Plc | Flushing Composition |
US6516837B2 (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2003-02-11 | Honeywell International Inc. | Method of introducing refrigerants into refrigeration systems |
US7337619B2 (en) * | 2004-05-25 | 2008-03-04 | Ford Motor Company | Method and system for assessing a refrigerant charge level in a vehicle air conditioning system |
US7708903B2 (en) * | 2005-11-01 | 2010-05-04 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Compositions comprising fluoroolefins and uses thereof |
-
2006
- 2006-04-25 US US12/297,260 patent/US20090165472A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-04-25 WO PCT/US2006/015641 patent/WO2007123544A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-04-25 CN CNA2006800543482A patent/CN101479539A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5934087A (en) * | 1996-10-18 | 1999-08-10 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Refrigerating apparatus |
US6293108B1 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2001-09-25 | Vortex Aircon | Regenerative refrigeration system with mixed refrigerants |
US6843930B2 (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2005-01-18 | Acm Tech | Composition of refrigerant mixtures for high back pressure condition |
US6557358B2 (en) * | 2001-06-28 | 2003-05-06 | Kendro Laboratory Products, Inc. | Non-hydrocarbon ultra-low temperature system for a refrigeration system |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014134821A1 (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2014-09-12 | Honeywell International Inc. | Low gwp heat transfer compositions including co2 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101479539A (en) | 2009-07-08 |
US20090165472A1 (en) | 2009-07-02 |
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