WO2007122283A1 - Substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and channel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines - Google Patents

Substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and channel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007122283A1
WO2007122283A1 PCT/FI2006/000129 FI2006000129W WO2007122283A1 WO 2007122283 A1 WO2007122283 A1 WO 2007122283A1 FI 2006000129 W FI2006000129 W FI 2006000129W WO 2007122283 A1 WO2007122283 A1 WO 2007122283A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sheet
wire mesh
corrugated sheet
substrate
mesh sheet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2006/000129
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Aulis Vakkilainen
Juha Laiho
Juhani MÄKELÄ
Pekka Matilainen
Original Assignee
Ecocat Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ecocat Oy filed Critical Ecocat Oy
Priority to EP06725890A priority Critical patent/EP2010763B1/en
Priority to PCT/FI2006/000129 priority patent/WO2007122283A1/en
Priority to US12/298,356 priority patent/US20090175768A1/en
Priority to AT06725890T priority patent/ATE548547T1/en
Priority to CNA2006800543374A priority patent/CN101427008A/en
Priority to EA200870466A priority patent/EA013450B1/en
Priority to BRPI0621585-8A priority patent/BRPI0621585A2/en
Priority to KR1020087026024A priority patent/KR20090019774A/en
Priority to BRPI0710563-0A priority patent/BRPI0710563A2/en
Priority to PCT/FI2007/000105 priority patent/WO2007122285A1/en
Priority to EP07730574.6A priority patent/EP2010764B1/en
Priority to US12/298,435 priority patent/US8070847B2/en
Priority to CNA2007800190288A priority patent/CN101454545A/en
Priority to EA200870467A priority patent/EA200870467A1/en
Publication of WO2007122283A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007122283A1/en
Priority to RU2014102849/04U priority patent/RU152861U8/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/10—Filter screens essentially made of metal
    • B01D39/12—Filter screens essentially made of metal of wire gauze; of knitted wire; of expanded metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/52—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material
    • B01D46/521—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material using folded, pleated material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F01N3/2807—Metal other than sintered metal
    • F01N3/281—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates
    • F01N3/2821—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates the support being provided with means to enhance the mixing process inside the converter, e.g. sheets, plates or foils with protrusions or projections to create turbulence
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0668—The layers being joined by heat or melt-bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2265/00—Casings, housings or mounting for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2265/04—Permanent measures for connecting different parts of the filter, e.g. welding, glueing or moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2275/00—Filter media structures for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2275/10—Multiple layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2275/00—Filter media structures for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2275/10—Multiple layers
    • B01D2275/105—Wound layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2275/00—Filter media structures for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2275/20—Shape of filtering material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2279/00—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
    • B01D2279/30—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for treatment of exhaust gases from IC Engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/02—Metallic plates or honeycombs, e.g. superposed or rolled-up corrugated or otherwise deformed sheet metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/12—Metallic wire mesh fabric or knitting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • F01N2330/32—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details characterised by the shape, form or number of corrugations of plates, sheets or foils
    • F01N2330/321—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details characterised by the shape, form or number of corrugations of plates, sheets or foils with two or more different kinds of corrugations in the same substrate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • F01N2330/32—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details characterised by the shape, form or number of corrugations of plates, sheets or foils
    • F01N2330/322—Corrugations of trapezoidal form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • F01N2330/32—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details characterised by the shape, form or number of corrugations of plates, sheets or foils
    • F01N2330/323—Corrugations of saw-tooth or triangular form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • F01N2330/38—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details flow channels with means to enhance flow mixing,(e.g. protrusions or projections)
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/10—Residue burned
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/30—Exhaust treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49345—Catalytic device making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining

Definitions

  • the present invention relates a substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and chan- nel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines.
  • the present invention also relates to methods for manufacturing said substrate having said open channels).
  • open channels For the treatment of exhaust gases of combustion engines substrates having open or closed channels or combinations of those is used.
  • open channels the exhaust gas is directly flowing through the substrate.
  • substrate having closed channels exhaust gas is forced to flow through walls, e.g. through ceramic or metallic porous walls.
  • open channels the reduction of gaseous impurities is often high but the reduction of impurity particles is low, e.g. from 10 to 15%.
  • closed channels / wall flow filters the reduction of gaseous impurities is high and also the reduction of impurity particles is high, e.g. from 70 to 99%.
  • the problem in closed channels is the clogging of walls. Closed channels / wall flow filters will gradually wholly clog if they are not cleaned. Pressure loss will also increase. One way to keep the channels open is to clean them continuously or periodically.
  • a substrate that efficiently reduces particles and gas impurities of exhaust gas in open channels has now been invented. Accordingly a method for manufacturing said substrate has also been invented.
  • the catalyst of the invention can be present in several structures assembled parallel or in series with respect to the flow direction or cascade with POC / DPF- structure / substrates.
  • the substrate comprises corrugated sheet(s) having depressions connected to flat wire mesh sheet(s) and between said flat wire mesh sheet and said corrugated sheet there are at least partially channel(s) for exhaust gas flow and the depth of depression is 0,05-0,5 mm smaller than the height of the corrugation.
  • the depth of the depression is 0.5-1.5 mm and the height of the corrugation is 1.0-3.0 mm. This combination is very effective both in reduction of particles and in the reduction of impurity gases.
  • the depressions can be e.g. 10-40 mm, such as 20-30 mm, from each other.
  • Exhaust gas can freely flow through partially open channels but on the surfaces of sheet the gas flow rate is reduced due to irregular surface of wire mesh sheet(s) and due to depressions of sheets. These irregular surfaces and depressions also mix the gas thus minimizing standard deviation of gas retention time.
  • the surfaces of wire mesh sheet(s) also act as an effect open particle trap for exhaust gas particles. This combination adds contacts of impurity of gases and particles thus adding retention time and reduction of impurities and particles. Impurity particles are more often attached to mesh sheet compared to smooth sheet. Especially heavy and large particles are attached on the surfaces of wire mesh sheet(s).
  • Particles can include various amount Volatile Organic Compounds (VOF's), solid carbon, sulphur, water and metal oxides.
  • VF's Volatile Organic Compounds
  • a standard oxidation catalyst can oxidize majority VOF's and reduce this way 10 to 60 % of particle mass. With the new invention it is possible to improve particle reduction even up to 80 %. With the new invention it is possible to improve reduction of gas impurities > 90%.
  • the particles attached to the surfaces of at least partially open channel(s) break down to gaseous impurities, which further decompose to harmless compounds.
  • Part of gas can flow through openings of mesh sheet(s) and particles attach on surfaces of sheet(s). Also this leads to better reduction of particles.
  • partially open channels do not clog or the clogging is minimal and pressure loss and flow rate of gas are not reduced near the sheet(s). This reduces failure in operation thus adding efficiency of the partially open channel.
  • openings of mesh sheet(s) can vary. It can be canal-like, square- like, diamond-like or hole-like. E.g. in diamond-like mesh sheet the wires can be at one level or they can be crosswise.
  • said corrugated sheet is a corrugated wire mesh sheet. This adds contacts of impurity gases and particles thus adding retention time and reduction of impurities. This leads to better reduction values of impurity particles of exhaust gas. Collision of gas also leads to better contact of gas with catalytically active material thus improving reduction of gaseous impurities and adding retention time of particles in said substrate.
  • wire mesh sheet is simply, they are easy to manufacture and the reduction of particles is high compared e.g. smooth sheet used in open channels.
  • said flat wire mesh sheet has depressions. Also this adds reduction of impurity gases particles by reducing flow rate of impurity gases and adding attachment of particles on support.
  • depressions of the corrugated sheet have been matched to the depressions of the flat wire mesh sheet. This leads to better strength of the substrate because its locking layers to each other.
  • the median opening size of mesh sheet is from 0.01 to 0.5 mm, preferably from 0.05 to 0.3 mm, such as from 0.08 to 0.2 mm.
  • the mesh diameter is 0.08-0.24 mm.
  • the mesh diameter is preferably 0.1-0.15 mm.
  • the mechanical strength is high and pressure loss of gas flow is low.
  • mesh number of the mesh sheet is from 30 to 300. At least part of exhaust gas can flow through the openings of mesh sheets. This leads to attachment of particles of exhaust gas to the surfaces of support giving essentially better reduction of particles.
  • said flat wire mesh sheet and said corrugated sheet have been attached to each other by welding/brazing. This leads to better strength of the substrate.
  • said sheet(s) have been at least partially covered by support and/or catalytic material.
  • Preferable median pore size of said support is over 5 nm, preferably from 10 to 50 nm, such as from 15 to 20 nm.
  • Optimal pore size of the support also depends on exhaust gases and circumstances of gas flow near mesh sheet(s). Exhaust gases can have e.g. median particle size from 5 to 200 nm and median pore size can e.g. be from 5 to 20 nm.
  • Preferable support comprises coarse particles and/or fibres, which are projecting out from the plane of said support.
  • Preferably the support has the median particle size over 0.4 ⁇ m, such as from 1.5 to 3.5 ⁇ m. This essentially adds the adhesion of particles thus improving the reduction of particles in said substrate
  • sheet(s) has (have) been essentially covered with a support having the median particle size over 1.4 ⁇ m and/or having pores over 10 nm. This also improves reduction of impurity particles by adding attachment of particles to sheets.
  • Particles of exhaust gas of combustion engines can be efficiently treated with substrate having mesh sheet(s) partially open channels according to the invention.
  • the reduction of impurity particles is surprisingly high compared to traditional sub- strates. Also the reduction of gaseous impurities is high.
  • the mesh sheet(s) according to the invention does not clog or the clogging is minimal so that it does not have effect s on flowing rate of exhaust gas in substrate. Also pressure loss in substrate is minimal.
  • the substrate can e.g. be a particle oxidation catalyst (POC) or SCR catalyst. It can also be a hydrolysis catalyst.
  • POC particle oxidation catalyst
  • the substrate can be preferably used to purify impurity particles of exhaust gases of combustion engines.
  • the structure of substrate can vary. It can be e.g. wound or stacked or folded. Detailed Description of the Invention
  • Figure 1 shows a substrate having corrugated sheet having depressions and a flat wire mesh sheet.
  • substrate 1 comprises corrugated smooth sheets 3 having depressions 3d and flat wire mesh sheets 2 having depressions 2d. These sheets are connected to each other and between said sheets 2, 3 there are partially open channels POC for exhaust gas EG flow.
  • the depressions 3d of the corrugated sheet 3 has been matched to the depressions 2d of the flat wire mesh sheet 2.
  • the depth of depression 2d of said flat wire mesh sheet 2 is smaller than the height of the corrugation 3c of said corrugated sheet 3. In this embodiment the depth of the depression 2d, 3d is about 1 mm and the height of the corrugation 3c is about 2 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates a substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and channel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines. The present invention also relates to methods for manufacturing and using said substrate having said open channel(s). The substrate (1) comprises at least one corrugated sheet (3) having depressions (3d) and one flat wire mesh sheet (2) having depressions (2d) which is connected to said corrugated sheet (3) and between said flat wire mesh sheet (2) and said corrugated sheet (3) there are at least partially open channels (POC) for exhaust gas (EG) flow, and the depth of depression (2d) of said flat wire mesh sheet (2) is 0.05-0.5 mm smaller than the height of the corrugation (3c) of said corrugated sheet (3).

Description

Substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and channel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines
The present invention relates a substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and chan- nel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines. The present invention also relates to methods for manufacturing said substrate having said open channels).
Background of the invention
For the treatment of exhaust gases of combustion engines substrates having open or closed channels or combinations of those is used. In open channels the exhaust gas is directly flowing through the substrate. In substrate having closed channels exhaust gas is forced to flow through walls, e.g. through ceramic or metallic porous walls. In open channels the reduction of gaseous impurities is often high but the reduction of impurity particles is low, e.g. from 10 to 15%. In closed channels / wall flow filters the reduction of gaseous impurities is high and also the reduction of impurity particles is high, e.g. from 70 to 99%. The problem in closed channels is the clogging of walls. Closed channels / wall flow filters will gradually wholly clog if they are not cleaned. Pressure loss will also increase. One way to keep the channels open is to clean them continuously or periodically.
Disclosure of the invention
A substrate that efficiently reduces particles and gas impurities of exhaust gas in open channels has now been invented. Accordingly a method for manufacturing said substrate has also been invented.
For this purpose, the invention is characterized in facts presented in the inde- pendent claims. Some preferable embodiments of the invention are disclosed in other claims.
Constructional embodiments of the invention are not limited in any way. According to an embodiment of the invention, the catalyst of the invention can be present in several structures assembled parallel or in series with respect to the flow direction or cascade with POC / DPF- structure / substrates.
According to an embodiment of the invention the substrate comprises corrugated sheet(s) having depressions connected to flat wire mesh sheet(s) and between said flat wire mesh sheet and said corrugated sheet there are at least partially channel(s) for exhaust gas flow and the depth of depression is 0,05-0,5 mm smaller than the height of the corrugation.
It has been surprisingly discovered that the reduction of particles flowing in open channels is essentially improved. Also the reduction of impurity gases in at least partially open channels is improved.
Preferably the depth of the depression is 0.5-1.5 mm and the height of the corrugation is 1.0-3.0 mm. This combination is very effective both in reduction of particles and in the reduction of impurity gases. The depressions can be e.g. 10-40 mm, such as 20-30 mm, from each other.
Exhaust gas can freely flow through partially open channels but on the surfaces of sheet the gas flow rate is reduced due to irregular surface of wire mesh sheet(s) and due to depressions of sheets. These irregular surfaces and depressions also mix the gas thus minimizing standard deviation of gas retention time. The surfaces of wire mesh sheet(s) also act as an effect open particle trap for exhaust gas particles. This combination adds contacts of impurity of gases and particles thus adding retention time and reduction of impurities and particles. Impurity particles are more often attached to mesh sheet compared to smooth sheet. Especially heavy and large particles are attached on the surfaces of wire mesh sheet(s).
The reduction of particles is very much depending on the particle source and composition of particles. Particles can include various amount Volatile Organic Compounds (VOF's), solid carbon, sulphur, water and metal oxides. A standard oxidation catalyst can oxidize majority VOF's and reduce this way 10 to 60 % of particle mass. With the new invention it is possible to improve particle reduction even up to 80 %. With the new invention it is possible to improve reduction of gas impurities > 90%.
An important character of new partially open channel is that it is not clogging at all or the clogging is minimal compared to closed channels or filters, which will gradually wholly clog if they are not cleaned. This is very important and the sub- strate having at least partially open channels according to the invention can be used in most demanding conditions and they are useful in many applications.
The particles attached to the surfaces of at least partially open channel(s) break down to gaseous impurities, which further decompose to harmless compounds. Part of gas can flow through openings of mesh sheet(s) and particles attach on surfaces of sheet(s). Also this leads to better reduction of particles. On the other hand partially open channels do not clog or the clogging is minimal and pressure loss and flow rate of gas are not reduced near the sheet(s). This reduces failure in operation thus adding efficiency of the partially open channel.
The shape of openings of mesh sheet(s) can vary. It can be canal-like, square- like, diamond-like or hole-like. E.g. in diamond-like mesh sheet the wires can be at one level or they can be crosswise.
Pressure difference between sides of the mesh sheet(s) adds flowing of exhaust gas through pores of the mesh sheet. This phenomenon leads to attachments of particles on support and better reduction of particles from exhaust gas.
According to an embodiment of the invention said corrugated sheet is a corrugated wire mesh sheet. This adds contacts of impurity gases and particles thus adding retention time and reduction of impurities. This leads to better reduction values of impurity particles of exhaust gas. Collision of gas also leads to better contact of gas with catalytically active material thus improving reduction of gaseous impurities and adding retention time of particles in said substrate.
Preferably, there are open channels with both sizes of said mesh sheet. The structure of wire mesh sheet is simply, they are easy to manufacture and the reduction of particles is high compared e.g. smooth sheet used in open channels.
According to an embodiment of the invention said flat wire mesh sheet has depressions. Also this adds reduction of impurity gases particles by reducing flow rate of impurity gases and adding attachment of particles on support.
According to an embodiment of the invention depressions of the corrugated sheet have been matched to the depressions of the flat wire mesh sheet. This leads to better strength of the substrate because its locking layers to each other.
According to an embodiment of the invention the median opening size of mesh sheet is from 0.01 to 0.5 mm, preferably from 0.05 to 0.3 mm, such as from 0.08 to 0.2 mm.
According to an embodiment of the invention the mesh diameter is 0.08-0.24 mm. The mesh diameter is preferably 0.1-0.15 mm. Then the mechanical strength is high and pressure loss of gas flow is low. According to an embodiment of the invention mesh number of the mesh sheet is from 30 to 300. At least part of exhaust gas can flow through the openings of mesh sheets. This leads to attachment of particles of exhaust gas to the surfaces of support giving essentially better reduction of particles.
According to an embodiment of the invention said flat wire mesh sheet and said corrugated sheet have been attached to each other by welding/brazing. This leads to better strength of the substrate.
According to an embodiment of the invention said sheet(s) have been at least partially covered by support and/or catalytic material. Preferable median pore size of said support is over 5 nm, preferably from 10 to 50 nm, such as from 15 to 20 nm. Optimal pore size of the support also depends on exhaust gases and circumstances of gas flow near mesh sheet(s). Exhaust gases can have e.g. median particle size from 5 to 200 nm and median pore size can e.g. be from 5 to 20 nm.
Preferable support comprises coarse particles and/or fibres, which are projecting out from the plane of said support. Preferably the support has the median particle size over 0.4 μm, such as from 1.5 to 3.5 μm. This essentially adds the adhesion of particles thus improving the reduction of particles in said substrate
According to an embodiment of the invention sheet(s) has (have) been essentially covered with a support having the median particle size over 1.4 μm and/or having pores over 10 nm. This also improves reduction of impurity particles by adding attachment of particles to sheets.
Particles of exhaust gas of combustion engines can be efficiently treated with substrate having mesh sheet(s) partially open channels according to the invention. The reduction of impurity particles is surprisingly high compared to traditional sub- strates. Also the reduction of gaseous impurities is high. The mesh sheet(s) according to the invention does not clog or the clogging is minimal so that it does not have effect s on flowing rate of exhaust gas in substrate. Also pressure loss in substrate is minimal.
The substrate can e.g. be a particle oxidation catalyst (POC) or SCR catalyst. It can also be a hydrolysis catalyst. The substrate can be preferably used to purify impurity particles of exhaust gases of combustion engines. The structure of substrate can vary. It can be e.g. wound or stacked or folded. Detailed Description of the Invention
Now some embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the appended drawings.
Figure 1 shows a substrate having corrugated sheet having depressions and a flat wire mesh sheet.
In Figure 1 substrate 1 comprises corrugated smooth sheets 3 having depressions 3d and flat wire mesh sheets 2 having depressions 2d. These sheets are connected to each other and between said sheets 2, 3 there are partially open channels POC for exhaust gas EG flow. The depressions 3d of the corrugated sheet 3 has been matched to the depressions 2d of the flat wire mesh sheet 2. The depth of depression 2d of said flat wire mesh sheet 2 is smaller than the height of the corrugation 3c of said corrugated sheet 3. In this embodiment the depth of the depression 2d, 3d is about 1 mm and the height of the corrugation 3c is about 2 mm.

Claims

Claims
1. A substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and channel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines, characterized in that the substrate (1) comprises at least one corrugated sheet (3) having depressions (3d) and one flat wire mesh sheet (2) having depressions (2d) which is connected to said corrugated sheet (3) and between said flat wire mesh sheet (2) and said corrugated sheet (3) there are at least partially open channels (POC) for exhaust gas (EG) flow, and that the depth of depression (2d) of said flat wire mesh sheet (2) is 0.05-0.5 mm smaller than the height of the corrugation (3c) of said corrugated sheet (3).
2. A substrate according to claim 1 , characterized in that said corrugated sheet (3) is a corrugated wire mesh sheet.
3. A substrate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said depressions (3d) of the corrugated sheet (3) has been matched to the depressions (2d) of the flat wire mesh sheet (2).
4. A substrate according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the depth of the depression (2d, 3d) is 0.5-1.5 mm.
5. A substrate according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the height of the corrugation (3c) is 1.0-3.0 mm.
6. A substrate according to any preceding claim, characterized in that mesh number of the mesh sheet is from 30 to 300.
7. A substrate according to any preceding claim, characterized in that said flat , wire mesh sheet (2) and said corrugated sheet (3) have been attached to each other by welding or by brazing.
8. A substrate according to any preceding claim, characterized in that said sheets (2, 3) have been at least partially covered by support and/or catalytic material.
9. A method for using a substrate according to claims 1 to 7 for purifying exhaust gases (EG).
10. A method for manufacturing a substrate having corrugated sheet(s) for treat- ing exhaust gases of combustion engines, characterized in that a flat wire mesh sheet (2) having depressions (2d) is connected to a corrugated sheet (3) having depressions (3d) so that between said flat wire mesh sheet (2) and said corrugated sheet (3) there are at least partially open channels (POC) for exhaust gas (EG) flow, and that the depth of depression (3d) being smaller than the height of the corrugation (3c).
11. A method according to claim 9, characterized in that said flat wire mesh sheet (2) is connected to said corrugated sheet (3) by rolling.
12. A method according to claim 9, characterized in that said flat wire mesh sheet (2) is connected to said corrugated sheet (3) by stacking or folding.
13. A method according to claims 9 to 11 , characterized in that a flat wire mesh sheet (2) is connected to a corrugated sheet (3) by making depressions (2d, 3d) to said flat wire mesh sheet (2) and corrugated sheet (3) and matching these depressions (2d, 3d) to each other.
14. A method according to claims 9 to 12, characterized in that said flat wire mesh sheet (2) and said corrugated sheet (3) are attached to each other by weld- ing or by brazing.
PCT/FI2006/000129 2006-04-24 2006-04-24 Substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and channel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines WO2007122283A1 (en)

Priority Applications (15)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06725890A EP2010763B1 (en) 2006-04-24 2006-04-24 Substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and channel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines
PCT/FI2006/000129 WO2007122283A1 (en) 2006-04-24 2006-04-24 Substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and channel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines
US12/298,356 US20090175768A1 (en) 2006-04-24 2006-04-24 Substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and channel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines
AT06725890T ATE548547T1 (en) 2006-04-24 2006-04-24 SUBSTRATE WITH CORRUGATED SHEET(S) AND CHANNEL(S) FOR TREATING EXHAUST GASES FROM INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
CNA2006800543374A CN101427008A (en) 2006-04-24 2006-04-24 Substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and channel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines
EA200870466A EA013450B1 (en) 2006-04-24 2006-04-24 Substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and channel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines
BRPI0621585-8A BRPI0621585A2 (en) 2006-04-24 2006-04-24 substrate having corrugated sheets and channels for combustion engine exhaust gas treatment
KR1020087026024A KR20090019774A (en) 2006-04-24 2007-04-23 Substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and channel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines
BRPI0710563-0A BRPI0710563A2 (en) 2006-04-24 2007-04-23 substrate having corrugated sheet (s) and channel (s) for combustion engine exhaust gas treatment
PCT/FI2007/000105 WO2007122285A1 (en) 2006-04-24 2007-04-23 Substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and channel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines
EP07730574.6A EP2010764B1 (en) 2006-04-24 2007-04-23 Substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and channel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines
US12/298,435 US8070847B2 (en) 2006-04-24 2007-04-23 Substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and channel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines
CNA2007800190288A CN101454545A (en) 2006-04-24 2007-04-23 Substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and channel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines
EA200870467A EA200870467A1 (en) 2006-04-24 2007-04-23 CATALYST CARRIER, CONTAINING CORRUGATED SHEETS AND CHANNELS, FOR TREATMENT OF EXHAUST GASES OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
RU2014102849/04U RU152861U8 (en) 2006-04-24 2014-01-29 CATALYST CARRIER

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/FI2006/000129 WO2007122283A1 (en) 2006-04-24 2006-04-24 Substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and channel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines

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WO2007122283A1 true WO2007122283A1 (en) 2007-11-01

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PCT/FI2006/000129 WO2007122283A1 (en) 2006-04-24 2006-04-24 Substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and channel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines
PCT/FI2007/000105 WO2007122285A1 (en) 2006-04-24 2007-04-23 Substrate having corrugated sheet(s) and channel(s) for treating exhaust gases of combustion engines

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US (2) US20090175768A1 (en)
EP (2) EP2010763B1 (en)
KR (1) KR20090019774A (en)
CN (2) CN101427008A (en)
AT (1) ATE548547T1 (en)
BR (2) BRPI0621585A2 (en)
EA (2) EA013450B1 (en)
RU (1) RU152861U8 (en)
WO (2) WO2007122283A1 (en)

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CN103990340B (en) * 2014-03-07 2016-08-17 宁波高新区金杉新能源科技有限公司 A kind of wetting type air purifying device and air purification method
US10391437B2 (en) * 2014-04-08 2019-08-27 Filtrum Fibretechnologies Private Limited Filter media construction
IT201700030191A1 (en) * 2017-03-20 2018-09-20 Airgam Srl Metal air filter
RU191772U1 (en) * 2019-06-07 2019-08-21 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "АВРОРА БОРЕАЛИС" Ceramic afterburner

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BRPI0710563A2 (en) 2011-08-16
EP2010763A1 (en) 2009-01-07
US20090173228A1 (en) 2009-07-09
EP2010764B1 (en) 2013-06-19
ATE548547T1 (en) 2012-03-15
EP2010764A4 (en) 2010-05-19
WO2007122285A1 (en) 2007-11-01
CN101427008A (en) 2009-05-06
EP2010764A1 (en) 2009-01-07
EP2010763A4 (en) 2011-03-02
US8070847B2 (en) 2011-12-06
EA013450B1 (en) 2010-04-30
CN101454545A (en) 2009-06-10
KR20090019774A (en) 2009-02-25
EA200870467A1 (en) 2009-06-30
EA200870466A1 (en) 2009-04-28
EP2010763B1 (en) 2012-03-07
BRPI0621585A2 (en) 2013-01-08
RU152861U8 (en) 2015-11-10
US20090175768A1 (en) 2009-07-09
RU152861U1 (en) 2015-06-20

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