WO2007122060A1 - Anordnung zum herstellen einer randscharfen beleuchtungslinie sowie anordnung zum erhöhen der asymmetrie des strahlparameterprodukts - Google Patents
Anordnung zum herstellen einer randscharfen beleuchtungslinie sowie anordnung zum erhöhen der asymmetrie des strahlparameterprodukts Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007122060A1 WO2007122060A1 PCT/EP2007/053029 EP2007053029W WO2007122060A1 WO 2007122060 A1 WO2007122060 A1 WO 2007122060A1 EP 2007053029 W EP2007053029 W EP 2007053029W WO 2007122060 A1 WO2007122060 A1 WO 2007122060A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0905—Dividing and/or superposing multiple light beams
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
- G02B19/0009—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed having refractive surfaces only
- G02B19/0014—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed having refractive surfaces only at least one surface having optical power
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
- G02B19/0047—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source
- G02B19/0052—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source the light source comprising a laser diode
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/0977—Reflective elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
Definitions
- the invention relates to an arrangement for producing a sharp-edge illumination line from an incidence beam propagating in a direction of propagation according to the preamble of claims 1 and 10 and to an arrangement for increasing the asymmetry of the beam parameter product of an incident beam according to the preamble of patent claim 14.
- Polysilicon layers can be produced reproducibly by passing a homogenized laser beam of high laser power in the ultraviolet spectral range, formed on a line of illumination, over a substrate coated with amorphous silicon (a-Si).
- the laser beam is absorbed on the surface of the generally only 50 to 70 nm thin a-Si layer without heating the substrate and thus damaging it.
- the a-Si layer is melted and solidifies during cooling to the desired polycrystalline silicon (p-Si).
- This polycrystalline silicon is called "low temperature poly-silicon" or LTPS for short because of the manufacturing method used in Anglo-Saxon language.
- the laser beam is usually generated by a preferably pulsed at about 300 Hz operated excimer laser.
- the illumination line of the laser beam has, depending on the specific manufacturing method lengths of typically several hundred millimeters and widths of usually 5 .mu.m to 1 mm.
- TDX TMn Beam Directional X'talization
- the beam width is only a few multiples of the diffraction-limited beamwidth at the respective numerical aperture of the system, which is limited upwards for reasons of depth of focus.
- the beam parameter product of the beam produced by the commonly used excimer laser ie, the product of steel diameter and divergence, which might also be referred to as "focusability"
- focusability is not arbitrarily small in practice and is many times (generally 3 to 3) Focusing on the diffraction-limited beam size, together with the requirement for good homogeneity of the beam, this leads to a high proportion of unused energy, which is removed from the beam in an intermediate image plane.
- Illumination of a gap generated is imaged by means of a cylindrical lens optics on the lighting level.
- a lighting line with a width of typically 0.05 mm to 1 mm is obtained.
- an elongated, i. long and short axis optical beam e.g. a laser beam, such as can be used, for example, to crystallize amorphous silicon.
- a laser beam such as can be used, for example, to crystallize amorphous silicon.
- Such an elongated beam must be relatively sharp in the direction of its short axis, in which its extent is preferably only a few microns, while the edge sharpness in the long axis direction with dimensions of over half a meter is comparatively arbitrary.
- a reduction of the beam parameter product (or divergence at constant beam size) of the laser i. an increase in coherence is possible in the short axis of the beam, because in the other axis of the beam, the divergence / incoherence may be increased simultaneously. The latter is even desirable because it improves the homogeneity of the beam.
- the invention is based on an arrangement for producing a sharp-edge illumination line from an incident beam propagating in a propagation direction.
- the incident beam which may originate, for example, from an excimer laser, which electromagnetic radiation preferably in emitted ultraviolet spectral region, has perpendicular to the propagation direction a spatial extent in a first direction and a spatial extent in a direction perpendicular to both the propagation direction of the incident beam and to the first direction second direction.
- the illumination line generated from this incident beam by means of corresponding homogenization and beam shaping optics has, in a corresponding manner, a spatial extent in one direction and a spatial extent in a further perpendicular direction.
- Homogenizing optics of the kind required for this purpose are e.g. in EP 0 232 037 Al, JP 07227993 A, EP 0 100 242 A2, DE 42 20 705 Al, US 5,414,559, DE 38 29 728 Al, DE 38 41 045 Al, US 6,281,967 Bl or DE 195 20 187 Al described.
- the extension of the illumination line in the further direction is at least 30,000 times greater than the extension in one direction for the purpose described above.
- the illumination line in the direction of its short axis is only a few micrometers wide (beam widths of 4 to 10 .mu.m at half maximum intensity are desired) and in the direction of its long axis over 300 mm, preferably more than 700 mm long.
- an arrangement for transforming the incident beam is provided according to the invention.
- This arrangement comprises a beam subdivision device to the
- the arrangement for transforming the incident beam bundle comprises a sorting device for at least two of the partial beam bundles to be sorted such that the rearranged sub-beam bundles with their respective spatial extent in the first direction are arranged side by side or at least partially overlapping.
- the beam cross section can be kept unchanged. With a constant beam cross-section, this results in a reduction of the divergence for the short axis by a factor which corresponds to the number of partial beam bundles, the divergence being limited by the diffraction downwards. In the long axis, the divergence increases by the same factor.
- the incident beam has a beam parameter product in the second direction and an equal or smaller beam parameter product in the first direction.
- the beam parameter product in the first direction is then further reduced by the inventive arrangement, while it is further increased in the second direction and contributes to the homogenization of the beam, as already mentioned above.
- Incident beam perpendicular to the propagation direction has a spatial extent in a first direction and a spatial extent in a direction perpendicular to the propagation direction and a direction perpendicular to the first direction second direction and wherein the incident beam is a beam parameter product in the second direction and an equal or smaller beam parameter product in Having the first direction, it can be used in accordance with the invention embodiment quite generally for increasing the asymmetry of the Strahlparameter pasmeter.
- an arrangement for transforming the incident beam is provided according to the invention, which is a
- the beam-down device is provided to couple the incident beam in the first direction into at least two sub-beams in such a way subdivide that each sub-beam has a reduced spatial extent in the first direction and a spatial extent in the second direction according to the division.
- the re-sorting device is designed to re-sort at least two of the sub-beam bundles in such a way that the re-sorted sub-beam bundles are arranged with their respective spatial dimensions in the first direction next to one another or at least partially overlapping.
- a beam-shaping device is provided in order to transform the spatial extent of the partial beam bundles in the second direction into the spatial extent of the illumination line in the further direction.
- the expansions of the sub-beams in the second (possibly undivided) direction are used to form the spatial extent of the illumination line in the further direction (the long axis).
- one or optionally a plurality of homogenizing optics in particular of the type described above, can be used. It can also be a simple Strahlaufweiter. It is also possible, in particular, for the re-sorting device itself to undertake this task.
- a beam-shaping device in order to transform the spatial extent of the partial beam bundles in the first direction into the spatial extent of the illumination line in one direction.
- the extents of the sub-beams in the first (divided) direction are used to form the spatial extent of the illumination line in the one direction (the short axis direction). It also generally does not matter whether in the transformation (subdivision and resorting) or in subsequent mappings one (or more) mirroring (s) around a (imaginary) mirror axis aligned in the first direction and / or one in the second Direction aligned (imaginary) mirror axis has taken place or not.
- Suitable beam subassemblies or as constituents of beam subassemblies are prism elements, planar plate elements, lens elements or mirror elements which deflect one of the subbeam beams with respect to another of the subbeam beams. Specific embodiments are taken from the following figures and the associated description parts.
- the re-sorting device can be designed in many different ways. It can, for example, comprise a rotation device for rotating at least one of the partial beam bundles by a predetermined angle of rotation.
- a device which beam can rotate at an angle, preferably 90 °.
- the device described there for which an Abbe-König prism is indicated by way of example, can be used to rearrange the (divided) partial beams.
- a rotation about a different angle (and possibly an offset of the partial beams) for relative alignment according to the above definition is also possible in principle.
- FIG. 13 of this document This consists of a multiple reflector element consisting of two prisms and a downstream microlens.
- the two prisms have mirror surfaces which each have a 45 ° orientation with respect to the incident beam or the beam reflected at the first mirror surface.
- the microlens is arranged in the beam path of the beam reflected twice. By a correspondingly different orientation of the reflective surfaces can also rotate around another Angle be accomplished.
- This embodiment variant can also be used for resorting the (divided) partial beam of the arrangement according to the invention. It is easy to see that in the case where it does not depend on an unchanged side orientation of the sub-beam to each other, even on the ("mirroring the cylinder axis") micro lens can be dispensed with.
- plane plate elements or mirror elements such as e.g. in WO 96/04584 A1 (and more particularly shown in Figures 8, 12, 13, 14 and 15).
- the resorling device can also comprise a mirroring device for mirroring at least one of the partial beam bundles at a mirror axis extending at an angle to the first and the second direction.
- a mirroring device for mirroring at least one of the partial beam bundles at a mirror axis extending at an angle to the first and the second direction.
- the mirror axis may be perpendicular to the propagation direction and at an angle of 45 ° to the first and second directions.
- another angular arrangement e.g. also 90 °, possible.
- a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is based on a resorter.
- the rescoring device of this embodiment variant comprises a first displacement device for spatially displacing at least one of the
- Partial beam in the second direction with respect to another of the partial beam is thus arranged side by side with respect to their second (axial) direction.
- the re-sorting device of this embodiment variant according to the invention may comprise a second displacement means for displacing at least one of the partial beam in the first direction, so that the partial beam substantially in alignment in the second direction, for example (partially or completely) overlapping, immediately adjacent or with some Distance adjacent to each other.
- the first displacement device may, like the second displacement device, comprise at least one prism element or at least one plane plate element or at least one lens element or at least one mirror element.
- a compression device may be provided to compress the subdivided and / or resorted sub-beam in the second direction, and possibly also a broadening device to the subdivided and / or resorted and / or compressed sub-beam in the to widen the first direction.
- An arrangement for producing a lighting line or an arrangement for increasing the asymmetry of the beam parameter product of the type according to the invention described above is particularly suitable for use in a device for heating by means of laser radiation.
- the arrangement for transforming the incident beam can be arranged directly at the exit of the laser beam from the laser, directly in front of the field plane of the laser beam, in which the substrate to be heated is arranged or at any other point in between in the beam path of the laser beam between exit and substrate surface.
- the sub-beam are superimposed by the inventive arrangement such that the geometric extension of at least one edge of the illumination line in the first direction is diffraction-limited at least in the first section in which the geometric extension of the edge of the above-mentioned sub-beam is diffraction-limited.
- the edge of at least one further flank of at least one further edge of the partial beam is preferably diffraction-limited at least in a second section and the partial beam bundles are superimposed in such a way that the flank of the illumination line opposite the one flank is diffraction-limited in the second section.
- a diffraction-limited flank section of the illumination line is not only possible because the intensity of a sub-beam with a diffraction-limited flank determines the intensity of the illumination line at its edge, but it is also possible that the intensities of several sub-beams are superimposed with diffraction-limited edges.
- a plurality of partial beam bundles having an at least (along the long axis) section-wise diffraction-limited edge in the first direction (short axial direction) can be superimposed on one another, forming an edge that is at least partially diffraction-limited.
- the beam subdivision and superposition device preferably comprises a beam subdivision device and a resorter device of the type described in the introduction.
- a laser such as an excimer laser, a gas laser or a solid-state laser
- the laser used generates a laser beam with diffraction-limited geometric beam profile.
- Suitable lasers are solid state lasers and gas lasers, in particular excimer lasers in the variants MOPA (Master Oscillator Power Amplifier) or solid state seeded laser.
- Figure 1 A first embodiment of an inventive arrangement for
- FIG. 2 shows a cross section of an incident beam bundle subdivided into four partial beam bundles.
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the beam according to FIG. 2 after the four partial beam bundles of a first one have not been interlaced.
- FIG. 4 shows a cross section of the jet after a further displacement of the beam
- Partial beam in such a way that the partial beam are now arranged side by side.
- FIG. 5 shows a cross section of a beam widened in the y-direction according to FIG. 4.
- FIG. 6 shows a cross section of the beam compressed in the x-direction according to FIG. 5.
- Figure 7 A first embodiment of a Strahlunterteil- and
- Displacement device which may be part of an inventive arrangement of Figure 1.
- FIG. 8 A side view of a beam subdivision and displacement device, which is suitable for transforming an incident beam having a square cross section into a steel having a cross section as shown in FIG.
- Figure 9 The Strahlunterteil- and displacement device according to the figure 8 in plan view.
- Figure 10 A Strahlunterteil- and displacement device in the form of a mirror assembly with 2 plane mirrors.
- FIG. 11 A beam subdivision and displacement device which is suitable for converting an incident beam bundle having a square beam cross section into a beam having a cross section as shown in FIG.
- Figure 12 A Strahlunterteil- and displacement device in the form of a plane-parallel
- FIG. 13 shows a second exemplary embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention for increasing the asymmetry of the beam parameter product of an incident beam.
- FIG. 14 A combined beam subdivision, displacement and compression device which is suitable for dividing a sub-beam from an incident beam, compressing it in one direction and spatially displacing it in this one direction with respect to the remaining sub-beam.
- FIG. 15 shows a third exemplary embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention for increasing the asymmetry of the beam parameter product.
- FIG. 16 shows a cross-section of a beam which has emerged from an incident beam bundle with a square cross-section by subdivision into four sub-beam bundles and their spatial offset.
- FIG. 17 A cross-section of the beam according to FIG. 16, after the partial beam bundles have been rotated by an angle, so that now the partial beam bundles with their shorter sides are arranged next to one another.
- FIG. 18 shows a cross-section of a beam which has emerged from an incident beam bundle with a square cross-section by subdivision into four sub-beam bundles and their spatial offset.
- FIG. 19 shows a cross section of the beam according to FIG. 18 after the partial beam bundles have been rotated by an angle, the partial beam bundles now partially overlapping with their shorter sides.
- FIG. 20 an arrangement for the laser crystallization of an amorphous silicon layer on a substrate.
- FIG. 21 shows an intensity profile 51 along the short axis y of a line of illumination produced with the aid of the twisted cylindrical lens system described in WO 2006/066706 A2.
- FIG. 22 shows a cross-section of the basic configuration of an anamorphic system for producing a narrow, homogeneous, short and long axis illumination line on a substrate 55 from an incident beam.
- FIG. 23 shows an edge of an intensity profile of a lighting line in a short time
- FIG. 24 shows an edge of an intensity profile of a lighting line in a short time
- FIG. 25 Intensity profile of a lighting line formed from two identical partial beam bundles in a short axial direction according to the invention.
- FIG. 26 intensity profile of a lighting line formed from ten identical partial beam bundles in a short axial direction according to the invention.
- FIG. 27 top view of the illumination line of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 25, in which the partial beam bundles are displaced from one another by a certain amount in the long axial direction.
- FIG. 28 A lighting line in plan view, which is composed of partial beam bundle profiles, which only partially diffraction-limited
- FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of an arrangement 100 according to the invention for increasing the asymmetry of the beam parameter product of an incident beam bundle 2 propagating in the z-direction.
- the arrangement 100 comprises a beam subdivision device 3, a resorter device 5 with a first displacement device 6 and a second displacement device 8, a beam expansion device 10 and a beam compression device 12.
- the mode of operation of this device 100 will be described below with the aid of FIGS. 2 to 6.
- the beam subdivision device 3 is supplied on the input side with an incident beam 2, which in the present embodiment according to FIG. 1 is emitted by a radiation source 1.
- the radiation source 1 can, for example, a
- Excimer laser in particular a KrF excimer laser, a XeCl excimer laser or a XeF excimer laser.
- the incident beam 2 propagates in the z-direction in the present embodiment. In the xy plane perpendicular to the propagation direction z, the incident beam 2 has a substantially square cross-section. The cross section of this incident beam 2 is sketched in FIG.
- the extension in the x-direction is denoted by the reference numeral 1
- the extension in the y-direction by the reference numeral b. It is assumed that the beam divergence is identical in both directions x, y.
- the beam subdivision device 3 of the arrangement 100 according to FIG. 1 divides the cross section of the incident beam 2 in the present exemplary embodiment in the y direction into four equally sized subbeam beams 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d, as shown in FIG.
- the identical expansions of the partial beam 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d in the y direction are indicated in the figure by the reference numeral bi, b 2 , b 3 , b 4 arrows provided.
- the cross sections of the partial beam 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d or the offset sub-beam 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d have the shape of a rectangle and are symmetrical to their center axes A x , A y , it does not matter if the offset is purely translational displacement in the x-direction or whether, in the displacement, a reflection has taken place on one or both of the center axes A x , A y or a transformation equivalent to this.
- the mutually offset partial beam bundles 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d are now fed to a second displacement device 8.
- the beam 9 must be compressed in the x-direction and expanded in the y-direction.
- the newly formed beam 9 is supplied to the expansion device 10.
- a beam 11 widened in the y-direction and having the cross section shown in FIG. 5 is formed.
- this is supplied to a compression device 12 and the output side receives a beam 13 as shown in FIG.
- the divergence increases by a factor of n with the beam cross section unchanged.
- Compression can also be done in reverse order. This situation is indicated in the figure 1 with the aid of the reference numerals in parentheses.
- the re-sorting of the partial beam bundles by successive lateral displacement of the partial beam 4 a, 4 b, 4 c, 4 d only in the x-direction and then in the y-direction can be realized for example by means of prisms of the form shown in FIG.
- Each sub-beam 4 a, 4 c, 4 d to be displaced is assigned such a prism 6 a, 6 c, 6 d.
- Such a prism 6a, 6c, 6d has the shape of a parallelepiped having an xz-plane base in the form of a parallelogram.
- the height of the parallelepiped in the y-direction corresponds exactly to the width bi, b 3 , b 4 of the sub-beam 4 a, 4 c, 4 d to be displaced.
- the extent of the x-directional sides of the parallelogram may not be less than the length 1 of the incident beam 2.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 show, by way of example, a first displacement device 6 with three parallelepiped prisms, which is suitable for generating from an incident beam 2, as shown in FIG. 2, a beam arrangement with a cross section, as shown in FIG.
- An incident beam 2 is directed perpendicular to the incident surfaces of the prisms 6a, 6c, 6d. Due to the finite dimension of the entrance surface 22, the first partial beam 4a is divided. This partial beam 4a is reflected at the Refietechnischs vom 23, 24 and exits at the exit surface 25 of the prism 6a, as shown in Figure 7. The same applies to the prisms 6c and 6d. Between the prisms 6a and 6c there is a free space through which the remaining partial steel bundle 4b passes unhindered and without deflection.
- Radiation by means of the expansion device 10 or the compression device 12 can take place in the usual way by telescopes with cylindrical lenses or by anamorphic prisms.
- FIG. 10 shows a mirror arrangement 6e as partial element of the first or second displacement device 6, 8.
- the mirror arrangement 6e comprises a first partial mirror 6el and a second partial mirror 6e2.
- Both mirrors 6el, 6e2 are planar mirrors, which in the present exemplary embodiment are arranged in two planes parallel to one another.
- An incident at the angle of incidence E 1 partial beam 4a is reflected at the first partial mirror 6el.
- the reflected partial beam impinges on the second partial mirror 6e 2 and, after repeated reflection parallel to the direction of incidence of the partial beam 4 a, leaves the mirror arrangement 6 e.
- the first or second displacement device 6, 8 can now be designed in a manner corresponding to the parallelepiped arrangement according to FIGS. 8 and 9. For a subdivision and displacement of an incident beam 2 into four partial beams or a displacement and joining of four partial beams to a
- Output beam bundles are in turn each three mirror assemblies corresponding to the 10 required.
- mirrors can be dispensed with one of the two Refietationen, which is a deflection of the beam is connected by 90 °, for example. Then the beam can be joined in the same way in the other axis.
- the corresponding arrangement is shown in FIG. 11.
- the mirror arrangement shown in FIG. 11 is suitable for transferring an incident beam having a square cross section according to FIG. 2 into an exit beam having a beam cross section corresponding to FIG. 3.
- four plane mirrors of identical size are arranged side by side in the y direction arranged offset in the z-direction by the length 1.
- Incident beam 2 propagates in the z-direction and is incident at the incident angle E 1, first at the first mirror 6f due to the finite extent of the mirror 6f, a first partial beam 4a is divided and reflected at the mirror 6f. This partial beam leaves as sub-beam 7a, the mirror assembly. The remaining portion of the incident beam 2 now hits the mirror 6g.
- partial beam bundles 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d are to be changed in shape, instead of the plane mirrors 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d according to the embodiments according to FIGS. 10 or 11, curved, preferably cylindrical, cylinder-shaped or barrel-shaped mirrors may also be used become.
- FIG. 12 shows a further exemplary embodiment for one or second displacement device 6, 8.
- the refraction on plane plates 6j can also be used in the same way.
- FIG. 13 shows a second variant of an arrangement 101 according to the invention.
- the arrangement 101 comprises a beam subdivision device 3 and a resorter device 5 with a first displacement device 6, a second displacement device 8, a beam compression device 12 and a beam expansion device 10.
- the beam subdivision device 3 is supplied on the input side with an incident beam 2, which in the present embodiment according to FIG. 1 is emitted by a radiation source 1.
- the radiation source 1 can be an excimer laser, in particular a KrF excimer laser, a XeCl excimer laser or an XeF excimer laser, as in the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG.
- the incident beam 2 propagates in the z-direction in the present embodiment. It is assumed without restriction of generality that the
- Incident beam 2 in the xy plane perpendicular to the propagation direction z has a substantially square cross-section, as it is e.g. outlined in Figure 2.
- the extension in the x-direction is denoted by the reference numeral 1
- the extension in the y-direction by the reference numeral b. It is again assumed that the beam divergence is identical in both directions x, y.
- the beam subdivision device 3 of the arrangement 101 according to FIG. 13 divides the cross section of the incident beam 2 in the y direction into four equally sized subbeam beams, as indicated in FIG. 13 by the reference symbols 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d.
- the first displacement device 6 is supplied.
- the displacement device 6 displaces these partial beam bundles 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d in the x direction by their respective beam length 1.
- the cross section of the resulting beam with the partial beam bundles 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d can be seen again in FIG.
- the mutually offset partial beam bundles 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d are now fed to a compression device 12.
- This compressor 12 compresses the from the partial beam bundles 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d existing beam bundles in the x direction. If you want to restore the original beam cross-sectional shape, so we recommend a compression to the original extent. 1
- Beam bundle structure is now supplied to the displacement device 8.
- This displacement device 8 displaces the compressed sub-beam bundles 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d in the y-direction in such a way that they are arranged next to one another and in the x-direction in alignment with one another.
- the reduced dimensions of the beam after its compression by the compression device 12 and its displacement by the displacement device 8 is also indicated in the drawing in FIG. 13 and indicated by the reference numbers 9e..9h.
- the resulting beam bundle 9e..9h now requires only an expansion in the y direction, which is accomplished by the expansion device 10 for producing the original beam cross section.
- the beam 11 widened in the y-direction produces in a subsequent field plane the desired illumination line 21 with the desired beam cross-section with divergence reduced in the y-axis by a factor n (the divergence being bounded downward by the diffraction) and in the x-direction by the factor n increased divergence with unchanged beam cross section.
- any input beam of any beam cross-section may be transformed, by the above-described transformation, into an output beam having a divergence beam cross-section, i. modified beam parameter product.
- a beam of rectangular cross-section may also be in its short axis, i. in the direction of lesser extent, subdivided and resorted.
- the dividing, displacing and compressing can also be carried out in one step, as for example with a prism arrangement shown in FIG is possible.
- four arrangements according to FIG. 14 are required, which are arranged next to one another in the y-direction, but offset relative to one another in the x-direction.
- Each of these arrangements comprises two prisms 12a, 12b.
- An incident beam 2 is subdivided into sub-beam 4a by means of the prisms 12a arranged side by side in the y-direction.
- On the back surface is a deflection in the negative x-direction and due to the inclination to the partial beam 4a compression. The same process is repeated in the transmission through the second prism 12b.
- the compressed sub-beam 13a leaves the arrangement in the same but staggered direction as the incident beam.
- a different lateral offset for the partial beams 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d is here generated by different distances of the prisms 12a, 12b or different ratios of the paths in glass (prism) and air (environment). Reversing the input and output beam directions, the arrangement performs division, displacement and expansion.
- FIG. 15 shows a third variant of an arrangement 102 according to the invention.
- the arrangement 102 comprises a beam subdivision device 3, a resorter device 5 with a first displacement device 6 and a rotation device 14, as well as a widening device 10 and a compression device 12.
- the beam subdivision device 3 is fed on the input side to an incident beam 2, which in the present exemplary embodiment is emitted by a radiation source 1 according to FIG.
- the incident beam 2 propagates in the z-direction in the present embodiment. It is again assumed for the sake of simplicity that the incident beam 2 in the xy plane perpendicular to the propagation direction z has a substantially square cross-section.
- the cross section of this incident beam 2 is sketched in FIG.
- the extension in the x-direction is denoted by the reference numeral 1
- the extension in the y-direction by the reference numeral b.
- the beam divergence is identical in both directions x, y.
- the beam subdivision device 3 of the arrangement 102 according to FIG. 15 divides the cross section of the incident beam 2 in the y direction into four equally sized subbeam beams 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d, as shown in FIG.
- the identical dimensions of the partial beam 4 a , 4 b, 4 c, 4 d in the y-direction are indicated in the figure by the reference numeral bi, b 2 , b 3 , b 4 arrows provided.
- the first displacement device 6 is supplied.
- the displacement device 6 displaces these partial beam bundles 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d in the x direction by less than their respective beam length 1.
- the cross section of the resulting beam collection with the partial beam bundles 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d is taken from FIG.
- the cross sections of the sub-beam 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d or the offset sub-beams 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d have the shape of a rectangle and are symmetrical to their center axes A x , A y , again it does not matter if the offset is a purely translational shift in the x-direction or whether in the displacement, a reflection has taken place on one or both of the center axes A x , A y or a transformation equivalent to this.
- the mutually offset partial beam bundles 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d are now fed to the rotary device 14.
- This rotation device 14 rotates the partial beams 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d in the xy plane relative to each other, so that the widths bi, b 2 , b 3 , b 4 of the partial beams 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d thus produced have an overall extension L which is just four times the length l of a partial beam 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d.
- the longitudinal sides of the partial beam bundles 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d are aligned in the x "direction.
- the beam 9 must be compressed in the x "direction and expanded in the y" direction.
- the newly formed beam 9 is supplied to the expansion device 10.
- a beam 13 is obtained, as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 20 shows an arrangement 110 for heating a substrate by means of laser radiation. It is an arrangement as it can be used, for example, for the crystallization of amorphous silicon layers, as described in the introduction to the description of the present patent application.
- Such an arrangement 110 comprises a radiation source 1 for generating the (laser) radiation required for heating, a beam conditioning device 15 for temporally and locally pulse shaping of the (laser) beam, a homogenizing device 16 for the x-direction (hereinafter referred to as short axial direction) and a y-direction homogenizer 17 (hereinafter referred to as a long axis direction). Further, a beam compression device 18 for the short
- Axial direction x and a beam expander 19 for the long axis y provided. It goes without saying for the person skilled in the art that different functionalities can also be realized in a single device. It is thus possible, for example, to determine both the homogeneity in the long axial direction and in the short axial direction with a single homogenizer. Also, beam expansion can occur simultaneously with homogenization in the long axis. The order of the beam shaping for producing the desired beam shape is largely arbitrary.
- the arrangement for producing a line of illumination or the arrangement for increasing the asymmetry of the beam parameter product 100, 101, 102 of the type described above can be located directly at the exit of the laser beam from the laser 1, immediately in front of the laser beam
- Field plane 20 of the laser beam in which the substrate to be heated is arranged or be arranged at any other point in between in the beam path of the laser beam between the beam exit and Substratfiumblee 20. This fact is indicated by the reference numeral 105 with the aid of the arrow.
- WO 2006/066706 A2 describes that it is not possible to produce a very narrow and homogeneous illumination line if the homogenization is carried out with the aid of cylindrical lens arrangements (ie anamorphic honeycomb or FIy's eye converters, as described, for example, in DE 195 20 187 C1 described) or cylindrical Stabhomogenisierern realized. Instead, there is proposed a system in which an incident beam in the long axis direction is divided into a plurality of sub-beams, the sub-beams are expanded in the long axis direction and shifted in a short axial direction against each other again superimposed.
- cylindrical lens arrangements ie anamorphic honeycomb or FIy's eye converters, as described, for example, in DE 195 20 187 C1 described
- the division and displacement can be effected by means of individual discrete optical elements (for example, a cylindrical lens divided in the long axial direction is specified) or also continuously (corresponding to an infinite number of partial beams) (by way of example, a cylindrical lens twisted with respect to the long axial direction is indicated, by way of example).
- FIG. 21 shows an intensity profile 51 along the short axis y of a line of illumination produced by means of the twisted cylindrical lens system described in WO 2006/066706 A2.
- This intensity profile 51 results from an addition of the intensity profiles of the infinite many partial beams shifted by means of the rotated cylindrical lens in the short axial direction y.
- the intensity profiles 50a, 50b, 50c, ... of seven of these partial beams are also shown in an enlarged view in the diagram shown in FIG. 21.
- FIG. 22 shows a cross-section of the basic configuration of an anamorphic system for producing a narrow homogeneous line of illumination 54 having a short axis A y and a long axis A x on a substrate 55 from a z-direction propagating beam 56 producing the desired intensity profile in the short axis a y a Homogenisieroptik 52 of the type described above (cylinder lens arrangement and / or bar and / or divided or twisted cylindrical lens or the like) and a focusing optics, which, for example a cylindrical or acylindrical lens 53 or mirror with a focal length can be f.
- a Homogenisieroptik 52 of the type described above (cylinder lens arrangement and / or bar and / or divided or twisted cylindrical lens or the like)
- a focusing optics which, for example a cylindrical or acylindrical lens 53 or mirror with a focal length can be f.
- flanks 51a, 51b of the intensity profile 51 of the homogenized illumination line 54 can not be steeper than the flanks 50aa, 50ab,... 50ga, 50gb of the sub-beams 50a, 50b, the extent L and steepness S L of these partial beams 50a, 50b, 50c, .. is characterized by the
- This fact reflects the coherence or divergence of the incident beam entering the illumination system.
- a typical excimer laser has a divergence five to twenty times greater than the diffraction limit.
- a laser which already emits a diffraction-limited beam, e.g. a solid state laser, a gas laser in particular MOPA or solid state seeded (excimer) laser.
- b) or the divergence is reduced by suitable means, e.g. by
- FIG. 24 shows the intensity profile 57 of a beam having two diffraction-limited flanks 57a, 57b.
- the homogenized beam 62 forming the illumination line consists only of two (preferably identical) sub-beam bundles 60, 61, as shown in FIG. These are arranged at least at a distance from one another, which corresponds precisely to the expansions L 6 Oa, L ⁇ ib of the respective outer flanks 60a, 61b.
- the intensity maximums of the two partial beam bundles 60, 61 are at least as far apart that the intensity maxima 60c, 61c of the adjacent partial beam beams 60, 61 are located precisely at the location of the respective first zeros (intensity minima) 6Od, 61d of the adjacent partial beam bundles 60, 61 are located.
- the intensity maxima 60c, 61c of adjacent sub-beam bundles 60, 61 are just removed from one another by at least one sub-beam width (calculated from the first minimum to the first minimum).
- the sub-beams 60, 61 according to FIG. 25 have the intensity profile of a diffraction-limited beam, the same technique can also be used for any other type of sub-beam with deviating intensity profiles.
- a diffraction-limited, sharp homogeneous illumination line can be generated not only from sub-beam bundles with identical intensity profile in a short axial direction by the (each) outer two sub-beam at least at a distance from their Intensity edges are arranged to each other. It is also possible to choose the intensity amplitudes differing from each other. Furthermore, the outer partial beam can also consist of a plurality of partial beam bundles superimposed on the same location.
- FIG. 27 shows the top view of the illumination line of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 25, in which the partial beam bundles 60, 61 are displaced by a certain amount in the long axial direction x, so that the overlay described above is valid only in one section 74.
- FIG. 28 outlines a line of illumination 81 in FIG.
- Top view which is composed of partial beam bundle profiles 75, 76, 77, 78, which only partially have a diffraction-limited edge sharpness. From the diffraction limit deviating profile sections are identified by the reference numerals 75a and 78b. Of course, the edge sharpness according to the invention then arises only at the sections marked by the reference symbols 79, 80 in the long axial direction x of the illumination line 81.
- 13a shows a first partial branch beam 13b displaced and compressed in the x direction and compressed second partial beam bundle 13c displaced in the x direction and compressed third partial beam bundle 13d displaced and compressed in the x direction and fourth fourth beam compressed and compressed in the x direction
- Homogenizer for the x-direction 17 Homogenizer for the y-direction
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Abstract
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DE112007000006T DE112007000006A5 (de) | 2006-04-26 | 2007-03-29 | Anordnung zum Herstellen einer randscharfen Beleuchtungslinie sowie Anordnung zum Erhöhen der Asymmetrie des Strahlparameterproduktes |
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DE102006018504.8 | 2006-04-21 | ||
DE200610018504 DE102006018504A1 (de) | 2006-04-21 | 2006-04-21 | Anordnung zum Herstellen einer randscharfen Beleuchtungslinie sowie Anordnung zum Erhöhen der Asymmetrie des Strahlparameterproduktes |
US74569006P | 2006-04-26 | 2006-04-26 | |
US74568306P | 2006-04-26 | 2006-04-26 | |
US60/745,690 | 2006-04-26 | ||
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Citations (7)
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DE19743322A1 (de) * | 1996-12-27 | 1998-07-02 | Showa Optronic Co | Laserstrahlformgebungssystem |
DE19915000A1 (de) * | 1999-04-01 | 2000-10-26 | Microlas Lasersystem Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Steuern der Intensitätsverteilung eines Laserstrahls |
US6577429B1 (en) * | 2002-01-15 | 2003-06-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Laser projection display system |
US20030202251A1 (en) * | 1996-02-06 | 2003-10-30 | Shunpei Yamazaki | Apparatus and method for laser radiation |
US20040109219A1 (en) * | 2002-10-28 | 2004-06-10 | Hiroki Kikuchi | Illuminating optical unit in image display unit, and image display unit |
US20040238723A1 (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 2004-12-02 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Laser illumination apparatus |
US20040257664A1 (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2004-12-23 | Shigeki Hashimoto | LIuminating optical device in image display device and image display device |
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2007
- 2007-03-29 WO PCT/EP2007/053029 patent/WO2007122060A1/de active Application Filing
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US20030202251A1 (en) * | 1996-02-06 | 2003-10-30 | Shunpei Yamazaki | Apparatus and method for laser radiation |
DE19743322A1 (de) * | 1996-12-27 | 1998-07-02 | Showa Optronic Co | Laserstrahlformgebungssystem |
US20040238723A1 (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 2004-12-02 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Laser illumination apparatus |
DE19915000A1 (de) * | 1999-04-01 | 2000-10-26 | Microlas Lasersystem Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Steuern der Intensitätsverteilung eines Laserstrahls |
US6577429B1 (en) * | 2002-01-15 | 2003-06-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Laser projection display system |
US20040257664A1 (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2004-12-23 | Shigeki Hashimoto | LIuminating optical device in image display device and image display device |
US20040109219A1 (en) * | 2002-10-28 | 2004-06-10 | Hiroki Kikuchi | Illuminating optical unit in image display unit, and image display unit |
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