WO2007113681A2 - System for treating and recirculating water and other solvents - Google Patents
System for treating and recirculating water and other solvents Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007113681A2 WO2007113681A2 PCT/IB2007/001472 IB2007001472W WO2007113681A2 WO 2007113681 A2 WO2007113681 A2 WO 2007113681A2 IB 2007001472 W IB2007001472 W IB 2007001472W WO 2007113681 A2 WO2007113681 A2 WO 2007113681A2
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- solvents
- treatment
- natural
- recirculation
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- 235000017709 saponins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019156 vitamin B Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011720 vitamin B Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/002—Grey water, e.g. from clothes washers, showers or dishwashers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/008—Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/009—Apparatus with independent power supply, e.g. solar cells, windpower or fuel cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Definitions
- the present invention describes a system for the treatment and recirculation of water and other solvents. This integrates into a four-stage system that includes natural, physical, chemical and natural pheno-logical processes to treat water. This works with electrical, mechanical or wind energy, characterized by energy savings. EJ design allows it to be easily assembled or disassembled. This can integrate in a single cubicle a shower, a sink and / or a washing machine and can be installed anywhere.
- the wastewater discharged by this system has a positive impact on the environment. The construction of this can be done in various materials and combine them with conventional and modern elements forming different figures. It can also contain modern and luxurious elements, or simply be functonaf.
- the invention of this system lies in addition to its design, in the use of natural elements for water treatment as well as magnetic and electromagnetic fields.
- the present invention relates to systems for treating water and other solvents, using natural elements such as Gomo magnetic and electromagnetic fields and, more particularly, to treat systems, treat, recycle and reuse gray water and other solvents derived from petroleum.
- this invention corresponds to systems that combine biological, physical, chemical and naphurafes processes to decontaminate water by integrating them into a single system.
- the most preferred applications of the present invention involve the treatment, recycling
- the type of system comprising the field of the invention also relates to the use of alternative energies for water treatment, more specifically solar energy and wind energy
- This invention is particularly advantageous in saving, maximizing and reducing pollution of the water resource used daily especially in the whole of gray water.
- This field also covers systems that treat water with relative ease and low cost, generating low energy consumption for wastewater treatment.
- the treatment plants purify the water without classifying it according to its origin, since in the collection of sewage networks they are not classified. Usually these treatment plants have quality standards and the water they supply is potable.
- Some of the inventions for the treatment of wastewater are decontaminated by applying a specific treatment process such as biological, physical, chemical and natural, which usually are not integrated into a single device. If in some it
- Pafenfe number US2GG5066439 shows a system that can recycle water
- J ufiffTzarfa in other uses such as sanitary has a mounting of several tanks and a complex additional hydraulic installation for the collection of water rfe ⁇ sink and shower especially;
- Patent number WO2004061244 relates to service applications and plumbing fixtures.
- a sink or toilet 10 mounted on a tank 12.
- Patent number WO03023154 shows a system for collecting water from the shower and the sink, together with a pumping system to supply the tank.
- This covers the floor of the box (1) and the basin-shaped tank (2) that has a cistern attached to (3), which allows it to be filled.
- US6425148 shows a system for the collection of water from the sink, it has a sink 32 and a tank 10 that recycles the water used in the sink to be used in the tank;
- the patent number USEP1077291 shows a water collector that can supply the tank, this system has a storage tank 24 that collects the water from the sink through a 0 inlet 19. This can supply the tank through a water outlet 31.
- this system has an electrical connection 28;
- Patent number US6328882 shows a gray water collection tank.
- This invention shows a "A" receiving tank capable of receiving gray water generated by bath tubs, showers, and services in a residence.
- Patent number ES2208108 is an equipment for the treatment of wastewater of organic origin, by means of aerobic biological filtration with air and water upstream on a biological bed of a reactor, being in an enefio in the form ⁇ spheres of clay or plastic mafe ⁇ a ⁇ ;
- Patent number ES2205511 is a portable water recycler 10 that receives dirty water from a system (S), removes detritus and sediment from dirty water and returns ches-sedimented water to the system (S);
- Patent number US2002175116 is a plant
- Patent number US6210578 presents a wastewater treatment plant for small flows, characterized by the combination of sedimentation followed by an anoxic and aerobic process, alternating downward and upward flows and
- Patent number WO2004069756 is an invention related to a method and installation of water treatment (2) for treating water (1) and / or keeping the last clean water, which originates in a swimming pool (4). According to the method, in a first step the water (1) is subjected to mechanical purification
- Patent number ES2154973 is a procedure for the filtration of effluents from urban wastewater biological treatment, consisting of a rapid gravity filter with a natural or zeolite filter material;
- Patent number WO0234677 shows a water treatment system capable of filtration out of iron and manganese in raw water by oxidizing them and making them insoluble in water. It includes a raw water supply tube;
- Patent number US2005072718 is applicable to the treatment of sanitary and municipal outlets of sewage and rainwater. The system and ei
- the system of this invention can also be applied to the treatment of other water and wastewater; US2652925 a magnetic system for the treatment of liquids, for example hard water.
- the present invention overcomes the aforementioned problems, as well as other problems concerning systems and processes for water treatment that currently exist.
- This invention incorporates new designs and versatility that allow it to be a practical system in its installation and maintenance, as well as in its functioning. These faith characteristics allow to be portable Among the important month characteristics that are born from this system an invention are fas:
- the most important feature is that the system can integrate in a single cubicle a system that integrates a laundry room to perform different activities such as body washing, in addition to a container where you can wash your hands and some clothing, This incorporates at the same time a system of recycling, treatment and integral recirculation for the water generated in these activities.
- the design of the system allows an integral treatment to be applied to water that is made up of four processes. These are: biological, physical, chemical and natural, that guarantee an efficient treatment to the water and of an optimum quality to be used in activities such as the shower, the sink or the laundry of clothes and in other activities.
- the system for the treatment and recirculation of water incorporates magnetic fields that combined with the biological process retain and sediment a greater quantity of water-polluting particles, 5.
- the design of the system allows it to be armed in geometric figures such as polyhedra. This incorporates in its structure water storage tanks or other solvents reducing the space problem, these tanks can be fixed in different places.
- This system for the treatment and recirculation of water is independent, can be located anywhere and easily transferred. This makes its design portable.
- Another important advantage of the system is that it is also designed for disabled people in the lower limbs.
- the design of the system can be used in the same way for cleaning animals, inside a cubicle where water is recirculated for the same activity. This system must be independent of that used by people.
- this system uses natural elements based on specific plants that are incorporated into a filter medium, as well as stf & tannic drugs and mu ⁇ agos for greater efficiency in water treatment, etftfaFKfo eF chemical residue effect.
- the system allows extracting active ingredients from aromatic plants to add to the water used for showering and hand washing.
- the system can, through the distillation tank, serve as a dryer for plants that can be used later in the water treatment.
- solvents such as gasoline, thinner and varsoi can be treated and recirculated to be used in the washing of different elements.
- Fig. 1 shows the system in conjunction with a three-dimensional view, also shows part of the set of elements that make up the system.
- the figure is one of the preferred forms of the invention.
- Fig. 2 shows completely in a side view and gives an idea of how the system works to apply a treatment process to water and other solvents.
- Fig. 3 shows a side view of the assembly and its operation of the system for the treatment and the recirculation of solvents, this figure shows a room for cleaning as well as a container.
- Fig. 4 shows how the system contains a shower, a sink and / or a washing machine, in addition the system contains a urine collector and shows how a tank is adapted to supply agtra.
- Fig. 5 shows a side view of how the system can work with a wind system to operate the water pump and an ozone generator.
- the technical solution to the problem is based on the control, use and management of water and other solvents, together with the reuse of water and residual solvents.
- treatment for purification plays an important role.
- the classification of wastewater must be given from its origin, that is, it should be classified according to its origin.
- the design of a system that allows better control, use, handling and reuse or recircuation of water and other solvents is proposed.
- the solution raises Nieves aitemafivas c ⁇ a treatment af water from complementary physical and natural processes for the purification of yourself.
- the af water treatment processes can be carried out in an integrated manner combined with conventional and alternative processes.
- the following definitions allow us a better understanding of the solution that we want to present
- Drinking water It is one that by meeting the organoleptic, physical, chemical and microbiological requirements, under the conditions indicated in the legislation of each country and according to FAO and WHO standards, can be consumed by the human population without producing adverse effects on their health. Generally this water is supplied by treatment plants.
- Safe water It is one that without complying with some of the drinking standards, can be consumed without risk to human health. Mainly this water goes through a disinfection process (elimination of microorganisms).
- Urban wastewater sewage, scrub water, cooking water. The main contaminants of these are the organic matter and microorganisms. These waters usually pour into rivers or the sea after a small purification.
- Municipal wastewater contains liquid waste originated by a community. Generally this water contains a high pollutant load.
- Industrial wastewater they contain almost all types of pollutants (mineral, organic, thermal by cooling waters). These waters are poured into rivers and seas after a brown purification!
- Wastewater these are those that come from the rains and are collected in the sewer systems, their characteristic is the hardness.
- Agricultural wastewater the contaminants they contain are organic matter (fertilizers, pesticides). They can contaminate groundwater, rivers, seas, reservoirs, etc.
- Gray water domestic wastewater composed of kitchen water, bathroom (shower), sink and sink water.
- Water recirculation defined as recycling the water after being used, and then using it again. In this process water can be treated. This principle can be applied to other solvents.
- IO gfi ⁇ es by fanfo are fas waters that have been less polluted. If we treat the gray waters so that they can be reused or recirculated in the same activity, we can give better control, use and management of water, this can lead to savings, preservation, maximization and, above all, less pollution of the bodies. of water. It is important to keep in mind that all waters can be reused, however, we refer to those waters whose treatment can be carried out in the same integral system, based on elements, designs and treatment processes, where activities of the water can be carried out simultaneously daily cleaning of people and animals separately.
- Wastewater treatment can be carried out by applying different processes including physical, chemical and biological hitherto widely known.
- the application of the treatment processes depends on the contamination of the water. Pollution is measured through parameters such as: COD, BOD, heavy metates, hardness, bacteria, viruses, algae, fungi and other microorganisms, inorganic elements, such as sand, earth, minerals, chemicals, can also be presented. nitrites, nitrates, phosphates and surfactants among others.
- the water treatment process is carried out in several steps that includes: roughing, biological treatment, percolating filter, natural treatment (mucitages), aeration, application of magnetic or electromagnetic fields, flocculation, sedimentation, natural treatment (tannic substances), filtration, adsorption and disinfection of water. And as an alternative water distillation is applied. Based on these same steps, the treatment for other solvents such as gasoline, thinner and varsol, which we generalize as solvents, is added. The system for the treatment and recirculation of water and other solvents begins
- Filtration with natural material combined with the biological process allows the phosphorus to be purified from 70 to 95%.
- the BOD will vary in yield from 85 to 98%.
- nitrogen can range between 30 and 80% and the removal of soluble solids in suspension occurs up to 70%.
- the temperature at which this process can be developed varies between 8 and 35 °.
- the bacterial culture is carried out through the fermentation of yeasts, photosynthetic bacteria, protozoa (paramec ⁇ um), lactic bacteria, in addition to adding nutrients.
- the preparation of this ferment is carried out inside a magnetic container, the reason is explained in the application of the magnetic and electromagnetic fields that we will explain later.
- the generation of the bacterial date occurs whenever the system is in use.
- the chemical treatment As for the chemical treatment, it is applied in an intermediate way, due to the fact that it improves the primary treatment.
- the chemical process involves the use of coagulants primarily and as a complement to the use of chlorine.
- the combination of the biological process with the chemical precipitation has the advantage of reducing the sludge generated in the purification of water.
- the use of chemical reagents can be counteracted with different natural elements.
- the dosage of chlorine is done by self-regulators that are used to determine an exact dosage, however, it is preferable not to use it for disinfection.
- ozone and UV light equipment are used that can be adapted to the system for the treatment and recirculation of water, thus offering several alternatives, replacing one with the other or making them complementary for greater efficiency in The disinfection of water.
- the advantage of these systems lies in their efficiency to eliminate microorganisms, as well as the oxidation of water-polluting material such as residual chlorine that can then be removed by filtration.
- Another one of the elements quite well known and that is used in the system is the silver due to its properties on the microorganisms.
- the different conventional and alternative processes can be combined according to each stage and class of water treated by the system, although the device recirculates gray water for the same activities, it can treat other waters when they are used for cleaning objects.
- Solids dissolved in gray or wastewater usually have an electrical or ionic charge, which causes them to remain in suspension.
- the purpose of The invention was made with nature and the interaction between the magnetic emission, the solid solids and the biological material from the frequency of the emission, which can sediment said particles that remain in suspension due to electric charges. Magnetism occurs in all microorganisms and manifests itself in different ways.
- the combination of the biological process and the use of magnetic fields to cause greater precipitation in the treatment of water begins when a stage of the biological process is applied to the gray waters, these microorganisms can cause the particles in the water to aggregate and once added they can settle, to this process the intensity of a magnetic or electromagnetic field is added, this attracts the particles in the water and can magnetize them, these aggregations of solids that cause the turbidity of the water once magnetized can be maintained during the duration of the magnetization. Magnetization from? This is the case in which the biological process has been applied, because without it, this is evident.
- the function of magnetic fields is to magnetize the particles to retain or sediment them more effectively.
- Nformafmenie some particles that would take a long time to settle by applying the biological process together with the use of magnetic fields can be achieved in a shorter time.
- the application of these magnetic or electromagnetic fields can cause a greater precipitation of said solids in the water, this results in a greater precipitation and greater retention of contaminating elements in the water, which can make it more efficient together with conventional processes.
- the magnetic or electromagnetic aspect is directly related to the biological process, which is applied in the system. This process, which according to our search has not been used to cause greater precipitation than solids than soluble combined with the biological process, is proposed in our invention, this process can contribute to the disinfection of water. The greatest performance in the biological process and application of the magnetic field is presented to not generate residual chemicals in the water.
- the application of the magnetic fields occurs in the gray water tank at 500 gauss in the face of the positive pole at several points.
- the use of magnetic or electromagnetic fields do not have side effects that may affect people who use the system or the treatment of water, on the contrary, as already stated in the description, the application of magnetic fields is increasing in the technological development. Our purpose when installing them within the system is to cause greater efficiency in the water treatment process.
- the installation of magnetic or electromagnetic fields occurs in different points of the system, especially in the gray water tank at the base. In this way, it operates in the sedimentation when the biological process is applied, the relationship would be, the greater the intensity of gauss, the greater the attraction of particles with magnetic or eiciric charges in the water.
- This substance is mixed with the stem marrow of helianthus annus, Mon ⁇ anoa sp and poiymnea sp, which are introduced into the percolator filter.
- This cord can be used as a practical filter medium installed inside the system.
- This element contains some advantages in relation to conventionally used materials, after performing a process of cutting and housing this material can maintain a pore smaller than one millimeter. Another of the advantages of this material, is that it can be made again and again, when it is saturated it can be biodegerated by different methods. Thus this material also solves a technical problem in relation to polypropylene filters.
- the muciiagos can be extracted from plants such as: Cordia cylindrostachya these contains abundant muciiagos under the bark, the fruits that this species produces contain a mucilaginous juice, which in some species, such as in Cordia alba and cordia lutea, becomes a true Gum, ⁇ aazuma ulmifolia, contains mucilages mainly under the cortex. Plantago fanceofata whose seeds contain mucifaginous substances Linum usitatissimun, the mucilaginous substance is extracted from the seeds.
- Hibiscus rosa sinens ⁇ s from the family of fas mafváeeas Abelmoschus esculentus, this plant produces a hairy, dark capsule. Sarauja ursina, this produces a crushed spherical fruit that contains a transparent, strongly sugary mucilage, which contains numerous and small seeds: it contains pectin, sucrose, glucose in a remarkable degree of concentration.
- Ftircracea cabuya this species is applied in different cases of folk medicine, this plant rich in muciiagos, saponins, sugars, resinous matter and potash.
- Myrtaceae The fruits contain mucflages, pectins, small amounts of protids and lipids, minerals (potassium, calcium, iron and phosphorus, especially) and vitamins A, B, and especially fer C.
- Muciiagos is a viscous substance. This type of muciiagos extracted from plants are neutral: heterogeneous polymers of ma ⁇ osa. Therefore they do not affect the water and its pH, which guarantees that the treatment of purification is more efficient.
- He mre € jio of fas pfanfas for the extraction of the mucilage consists of the following pwcesG: first fas plants are re-harvested plants in good condition, depending on each species the mucfagous producing elements are collected; semif ⁇ as, bark, stem, petals, sepals, fruits, etc.
- the next step is to wash these elements very well with drinking water or at least disinfected, then the plants are disinfected without affecting the active ingredients.
- These can be placed in a solar dryer or in a furnace at low temperature, for drying of plants, different well-known methods are also used.
- the system for water treatment and recirculation can be irtifed, it contains a tank for water distillation, in this same and without water the plant can be introduced into silica gel and through the energy Sofar can dry in a few hours.
- the plants Once the plants have dried, they are ready to extract the mucilage, which is done by boiling them in drinking water; then they are poured into fos stems of helianthus annus, so this material is impregnated with the mucüagos with which the filtration is more efficient happening the process described together with the biological treatment.
- Another procedure for obtaining the mucilages consists in the use of a sieve to filter the mixture of water and mucilages, which is filtered and allowed to cool.
- the mold that is produced from a gel can be divided into sections to be placed in natural filters, so it is renewed again and again, in filters made of natural material.
- the mucilages When the mucilages are obtained in a mold, 60% of gelosa is composed, which is the part of the mucilage, about 3.5% of cellulose, mineral and organic materials. Mucice can serve as a means to maintain bacterial cultures, which can be grown in a gelatinous medium.
- the mucilages are soluble in hot water but in cold they are poorly soluble where they form a ge ⁇ , this is important so as not to mix the water with other substances.
- the system for water treatment and recirculation can heat the water by means of an air pump and a resistor.
- tannins are substances of plant origin that are most commonly found in the leaves, branches and with a higher percentage in the bark some trees.
- pharmacognosy or tannin coughs can coagulate albumin (proteins), they can precipitate alkaloids so that poisoning by nitrogen principles can be prevented.
- alkaloids such as zinc, ai mercury, ai lead, copper.
- pathological tannins are gallic acid and tannic acid and accepted in Pharmacy.
- tannins form a less hydrophilic layer than the same protein on the surface of this ⁇ Jo that causes precipitation, due to the bonds between the protein molecules.
- Tannins are drugs that favor the regeneration of tissues in case of wounds or superficial burns, have an antiseptic, antibacterial and antifungal effect.
- the use of tannins in water treatment has two purposes, first the precipitation of water pollutants such as heavy metals and insoluble solids is sought, the second is due to its antibacterial property in order to reduce the organic load of the Water. 5 This substance can be applied in the system in various ways, after applying the biological process, substances with tannins are added in minimum quantities so that they do not affect the agaa.
- Tannins possess astringent properties. These precipitate the superficial proteins of fas céfufás, diminishing their permeability and originating an insoluble protein ⁇ layer on the inflamed mucosa, which protects against irritating substances and prevents fas exudations and mucous secretion, as well as the absorption of bacterial toxins.
- Tannins are extracted mainly from: Jygfans neotrop ⁇ ca Jungfans regia L ⁇ nneo; Drug: Dried leaves Lss st ⁇ & tannic sianc ⁇ as are extracted by different methods among these, distillation pmra you obtain essential oils that contain tannins, a more ⁇ suaf way is through a mixture of water with acetone, with this you get an optimal performance. Tannins can be placed in filter media or sections of previously dried plants can be placed, which in turn serve as a filter medium.
- tannins may be similar to chlorine me / i, the sale of this substance lies in its nature, which does not affect water in small quantities.
- the flower of heiianthus annus more exactly the part of the flower without petals. It is part of the water treatment process, it has properties similar to activated carbon, it is important to remember that activated carbon comes from coconut husk, ⁇ a nut shell and hardwood sawdust all converted to coal, The heiianthus annus it remains exposed to the sun for a long time, which makes it a coal, as it is known several kinds of coal are used in the water treatment process. In this way the part of the hefianthus annus serves to filter the water more efficiently. For use this is found in filters packed in different parts of the system.
- fern leaves In addition to heiianthus annus, dried fern leaves are used, together with clovers, the fern in turn contains tannins and on the other lad ⁇ can retain substances such as arsenic in low concentrations, the clovers in turn collect fats such as Ia from soaps.
- eucalyptus coal and g € jadua coal are also used, these types of coals are finer than those of common wood, their effectiveness lies in this characteristic. These materials are already known and have been used in different filtration processes for water.
- the Nucus Cocus is used, this shell is Murada and is used as a filter medium.
- this material is part of the activated carbon, for which you are attributed qualities of adsorption of pollutants in water. Filtration with this material also contributes to the retention of insoluble solids in wastewater.
- the charcoal of eucalyptus wood is a very popular remedy in
- 2ft Accfdentafes rtoxieac ⁇ ones by poison, spoiled food, poisonous mushrooms), acting as a universal antidote, and in case of colitis, diarrhea and dysbacteria ⁇ s or intestinal fermentations, absorbing intestinal toxins produced by pathogenic germs.
- plants containing different active ingredients can be used.
- the water treatment system has a system that can extract such principles from the so-called aromatic plants, in order to impregnate the water with a pleasant smell and make the daily bath more pleasant. These principles can be mixed with apple cider vinegar, in addition this process is well known for alternative medicine.
- aromatherapy is a branch of alternative medicine that uses the essential oils of certain plants as a therapeutic method to promote health in physical and mood processes.
- different essential oils are added to the water that come into contact with the body when the water is used for showering, in addition to washing clothes it can have a flavoring effect.
- the purpose of the reuse of solvents is mainly for machine and car wash activities, so the system applies the concept of recirculation to solvents that can be treated through processes, physical, chemical and rrstefafes both biophobic and from plant substances, to later be retrt ⁇ zadbs.
- a stem of helianthus annus is used for filtration of these solvents to which tannins can be added to precipitate metals.
- the invention proposes an integral design of a system, where conventional as well as alternative methods composed of processes can be combined
- This system not only serves for the purification of solvents but also can contain the elements where the daily cleaning of people and animals is performed.
- the design of this system can also be used for washing parts that
- 25 contain grease and sand that are washed with solvents such as gasoline, thinner and varsol.
- FIG. 2 shows a profile that fully covers the operation of the system, this figure shows a main structure 1 that can be used as a washing cabin, in this case hexagonal which is accessed through door 2, a Once the water or other solvent is used, it goes through panels 3 that contain cationic and ammonium resins, these can have different calibers.
- the water or other solvent now goes into a trap for fats and soaps 4, in which some fats and soaps are separated, in addition to sedimenting some solid particles and retaining the passage of others.
- this step can be applied together with aeration, at the same time substances such as muc ⁇ lagos and tannic substances can be used to further precipitate polluting material in it ag ⁇ a.
- the blinds 15 can be closed to separate the sludge from the sedimented water or titsolvent, these blinds are closed by the blind pulleys
- the next step is to open the outlet register of sedimented water or solvent 17, the sedimented water or solvent is led to the passage box 18 shown in Figure 1, this box contains in its interior sterilized silver 19 which is used as a medium To eliminate bacteria.
- the sedimented water or solvent is
- the water or sedimented solvent passes through the ultraviolet light box 21, when it is water it is used for disinfection of the s ⁇ v ⁇ t and oxidation of biological material, this UV light is connected through the outlet of stream 22. Ef clear and disinfected water or sedimented solvent is transported through tube 23 to the storage tank of disinfected water or solvent
- this tank can be portable and movable according to the design of the system, once this tank has been filled it opens the universal safida register 25 pairs »which ef solvent passes through a slow filter 26 Ef filter size varies between 10 and 40 inches of ⁇ rrgi ⁇ ud.
- the granulometry of the sand can be between 0.3 to 0.6 mm and a uniformity coefficient not greater than 3.5.
- the solvent exits through the union of the universal 27.
- Ef filtered solvent is stored in the storage tank of filtered solvents 28. To maintain regufado ef level of water in these tanks, check the
- the manual water pump 34 When the water or other solvent is ready to be used for washing, the manual water pump 34 is used, which brings the water to the pipe 35. The water or other solvent finally comes out through a shower 36. Once the Water or other solvent has reached this step, undergoes the same treatment process.
- ozone can be applied in the storage tank 28 of filtered solvents, this can be done with the ozone generating system shown in Figure 5, this can work mechanically or electrically.
- it comes to recirculating water for washing the body or hands it must be recirculated once, the water used initially must be potable, the second time the water is recirculated it is used for other washing activities such as clothes, floors and for the cistern, etc.
- the system has an outlet for hose 37 located on top of the water pump 20 and next to the manual pump 34.
- the step register 38 must be closed.
- the system can be fed by means of the drinking water inlet register 39 which is also seen in figure 1.
- the system is shown with a washing container 40 adhered to the washing cabin 1 , this can work through the pump for standing water 41 with the help of the step checks 11, this pump feeds a key for washing container 42 by means of the hydraulic system 43.
- This container has a drain 44 ⁇ pe ffeva the water or other solvent to the grease trap 4.
- Another element adapted to the system is a second container for special washes 45, which is used to classify liquids or similar which should not be mixed with gray water or residual solvents, this liquid goes directly to the drain 4 ⁇ .
- the distilled water is stored dropwise in the tank for distilled water 48, this agaa can be used through the key for distilled water 49.
- This distiller tank 47 can be used for drying flowers that are subsequently used in the treatment for Water, for this purpose, must not contain water and the flowers must be in silica gel. Finally, the water treatment system is easily moved by means of the base 50 that has wheels.
- the system enters the cleaning and maintenance process.
- First this starts with the washing of Pos filter media 8 and 26 through the backwash, the floor cover 51 of the tank 9, it can be lifted to wash this tank.
- Another activity corresponding to maintenance is the change of the filter medium, whether mineral or natural, it has a useful life according to the daily use of the system.
- FIG 4 shows the system for the treatment and recirculation of water, contained in a bathroom cabin 1, this form of the invention can be used as a shower by means of the shower 36 to be used by people and animals provided that it is used independently, the shower supplies water by means of the manual water pump 34, this cabin has a sink 40 that is filled with water with the key 42, this works with the foot pump 41, this sink can also be used for washing Some garments, at the same time this system shows a water distiller 47 that supplies a faucet 49, this water can be used in oral wash, this activity must be carried out in the special wash container 45 so as not to mix with the waters gray
- This figure also shows a chair 52, which can be used by anyone and especially with a disability in the lower limbs.
- This chair slides through the guides 53, which allow its displacement, the system has a hose outlet 37 connected to the manual water pump 34 that can be used by people using the chair 52.
- Another element that contains the system is a talking radius 54 to set the daily cleanliness of people.
- the gray shading treatment and recirculation process is applied, explained in Figure 2, the water recirculation must be done once.
- This figure also shows how the agtfa treatment and recirculation system adapts a cistern and a urine collector 56.
- the system can provide water to the tank feed tank 55, by means of the outlet for hose 37. For this operation ef step register 38 must be closed.
- An element that is part of the system is the urine collector 56, this contains a percolator filter 8 with natural and mineral elements to retain elements that can affect the residual water that leaves the system, this collector is kept clean and does not generate odors when it is Pour the contents into the magnetic container 5, which contains a bacterial culture and can eliminate certain odors produced by the urine.
- This urine collector can be graduated according to the height by means of the adjustable extension 57 gtre functions as an antenna. Finally, the urine is evacuated through the drain 59 to open the drain register 58. In the same way, the cleaning of this is done with the washing hose 37.
- FIG. 5 it is shown how the system for the treatment and recirculation of water and other solvents, can work from a wind system.
- This system is incorporated into the washing booth 1 by means of the support structure base 60 that is attached to the base with wheels 50 of the washing booth with the plate 61, in the upper part of the structure there is a propeller 62 that has ert
- the center is a rubber wheel 63, next to it there is a skid pulley 64 that slides along the guide 65 ,, when using the tensioner 66 and by means of the flexible bar 67 that is attached attached at point 68.
- This skid pulley It has a double channel 69 pulley that makes the belts 70 and 71 move.
- the belt 70 When the belt 70 rotates, it starts another pulley 72 that operates a 12 volt / 70 amp alternator 73, which has a 1500 amp 74 coil connected.
- This alternator produces an electric spark inside a copper tube 75 through which an air current passes through the air pump 10, so ozone is generated for the disinfection of the water, this is then introduced into the filtered solvent tank 28.
- the alternator energy can be used to generate an electromagnetic field 7 that is Incorporates into the system for water treatment.
- the main belt 71 When the main belt 71 is moved, which transmits its movement to the water pump 20 by means of the pulley 76. This system pumps the water for the recirculation, if it is only desired to introduce ozone into the water the belt of the main pulley 71 is can be disassembled in such a way that only alternator 73 works.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
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- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention describes a system for treating and recirculating water and other solvents. Incorporated in the system are four steps that comprise biological, physical, chemical and natural processes for treating water. It functions with electrical, mechanical or wind-power energy, being characterized by energy saving. The design allows it to be easily set up or dismantled. It may incorporate, in a single cubicle, a shower, hand-washing basin and/or clothing-washing station and may be installed anywhere. The waste water produced by this system has a positive impact on the environment. It may be constructed from various materials and they may be combined with conventional and modern elements, forming different arrangements. It may also contain modern and luxurious elements or simply be functional. The invention of this system applies, in addition to the design thereof, to the use of natural elements for treating water and also magnetic and electromagnetic fields.
Description
Patente de invención Tittfσ de ta f nvendón "Sistema para el tratamiento y la recirculación de tas aguas y otros disolventes" Invention patent Tittfσ de ta f nvendón "System for the treatment and recirculation of water and other solvents"
Petición de Ia concesiónRequest for the concession
Solicito la concestón de la patente de invención y declaro que !a invención es nueva y de mi autoría.I request the granting of the invention patent and declare that the invention is new and of my authorship.
1. RESUMEN PARA LA PUBLICACIÓN La presente invención describe un sistema para ef tratamiento y Ia recirculación del agua y otros disolventes. Este íntegra en un sistema cuatro etapas que comprenden procesos feíofógícos, físicos, químicos y naturales para tratar el agua. Este funciona con energía eléctrica, mecánica o eólica, caracterizándose por el ahorro de energía. EJ diseño permite que sea armado o desarmado fácilmente. Este puede integrar en un solo cubículo una ducha, un lavamanos y/o lavaropa y puede ser instalado en cualquier parte. Las aguas residuales vertidas por este sistema tienen un impacto positivo en eí medio ambiente. La construcción de este puede hacerse en varios materiales y combinarlos con elementos convencionales y modernos formando diferentes figuras. Además puede contener elementos modernos y lujosos, o simplemente ser functonaf. La invención de este sistema radica además de su diseño, en la utilización de elementos naturales para el tratamiento del agua así como campos magnéticos y electromagnéticos.
1. SUMMARY FOR PUBLICATION The present invention describes a system for the treatment and recirculation of water and other solvents. This integrates into a four-stage system that includes natural, physical, chemical and natural pheno-logical processes to treat water. This works with electrical, mechanical or wind energy, characterized by energy savings. EJ design allows it to be easily assembled or disassembled. This can integrate in a single cubicle a shower, a sink and / or a washing machine and can be installed anywhere. The wastewater discharged by this system has a positive impact on the environment. The construction of this can be done in various materials and combine them with conventional and modern elements forming different figures. It can also contain modern and luxurious elements, or simply be functonaf. The invention of this system lies in addition to its design, in the use of natural elements for water treatment as well as magnetic and electromagnetic fields.
2. CAMPO DE LA INVENCIÓN2. FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se refiere a sistemas para er tratamiento tfef agua y otros disolventes, utilizando elementos naturales así Gomo campos magnéticos y 5 electromagnéticos y, más particularmente, a sistemas pana tratar, reciclar y reutilizar las aguas grises y otros disolventes derivados del petróleo. En Ia gama de aplicaciones, esta invención corresponde a sistemas que combinan procesos biológicos, físicos, químicos y nafurafes para descontaminar ef agua integrándolos en un solo sistema. Las aplicaciones más preferentes de la presente invención implica el tratamiento, recictadoThe present invention relates to systems for treating water and other solvents, using natural elements such as Gomo magnetic and electromagnetic fields and, more particularly, to treat systems, treat, recycle and reuse gray water and other solvents derived from petroleum. In the range of applications, this invention corresponds to systems that combine biological, physical, chemical and naphurafes processes to decontaminate water by integrating them into a single system. The most preferred applications of the present invention involve the treatment, recycling
10 y reutilización de aguas grises generadas por actividades propias del aseo como ia ducha, el lavamanos y el lavado de algunas prendas, este puede tratar agua residuales e industriales con baja carga de contaminación. El tipo de sistema que comprende el campo de Ia invención también se relaciona con Ia utilización de energías alternativas para el tratamiento del agua, más concretamente Ia energía solar y Ia energía eólica10 and reuse of gray water generated by activities of the toilet such as the shower, the sink and the washing of some garments, this can treat wastewater and industrial water with low pollution load. The type of system comprising the field of the invention also relates to the use of alternative energies for water treatment, more specifically solar energy and wind energy
15 integrados en un solo. Este invento es particularmente ventajoso en el ahorro, maximización y menor contaminación del recurso hídrico utilizado a diario especialmente en el conjunto de aguas grises. Este campo también abarca sistemas que tratan el agua con relativa facilidad y bajo costo, generando bajo consumo de energía para el tratamiento de las aguas residuales.15 integrated into one. This invention is particularly advantageous in saving, maximizing and reducing pollution of the water resource used daily especially in the whole of gray water. This field also covers systems that treat water with relative ease and low cost, generating low energy consumption for wastewater treatment.
WW
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓNBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
3. PROBLEMA TÉCNICO3. TECHNICAL PROBLEM
A pesar de Fa abundancia del agua en nuestro planeta, uno de los problemas más complejos que enfrentara la humanidad en ef futuro se relaciona con Ia contaminaciónDespite the abundance of water on our planet, one of the most complex problems facing humanity in the future is related to pollution
25 del agua. El efecto sumidero de Ia naturaleza no alcanza hasta completar Ia demanda de agua potable para ia población mundial. Por Io tanto el cuidado que se le de a este recurso es de vital importancia en el presente y hacia futuro. A medida que aumentan la industrialización y Ia población, se intensificará Ia demanda y Ia crisis en eϊ abastecimiento de agua potable en regiones donde el agua ya es escasa. Es probable25 of the water. The sink effect of nature does not reach until the demand for drinking water for the world population is completed. Therefore, the care given to this resource is of vital importance in the present and in the future. As industrialization and population increase, demand and crisis will intensify in the supply of drinking water in regions where water is already scarce. It is probable
30 que cambios impredecibles en los patrones de precipitación, debidos a la intensificación del efecto invernadero, causen una gran perturbación en el ciclo hidrológico. Según estudios realizados por la ONU por lo menos hoy día hay en el mundo 1.400
mlβnes efe personas no tienen un adecuado suministro de agua potable. Entre tos diferentes usos que se Te dan af agua encontramos actividades agrícolas, industriales y domésticas principalmente, por tanto son estas aguas Fas que reciben mayor contaminación y al mismo tiempo representan el mayor problema en las aguas30 that unpredictable changes in precipitation patterns, due to the intensification of the greenhouse effect, cause a great disturbance in the hydrological cycle. According to studies conducted by the UN at least today there are 1,400 in the world mlβnes efe people do not have an adequate supply of drinking water. Among the different uses that are given to you, we find mainly agricultural, industrial and domestic activities, so it is these Fas waters that receive more pollution and at the same time represent the biggest problem in the waters
S residuales. Los resultados debidos a Ia dinámica poblacional y los usos del agua son: el agotamiento del agua superficial y subterránea; la contaminación de los cuerpos de agua, principalmente ios ríos y mares junto con Ia degradación de Ia tierra, esto lleva a Ia destrucción del ecosistema. Por otro lado uno de los problemas más graves de Ia contaminación de! agua se da a partir de Ia perturbación del ciclo hidrológico que estáResidual s. The results due to population dynamics and water uses are: the depletion of surface and groundwater; the contamination of the bodies of water, mainly the rivers and seas together with the degradation of the land, this leads to the destruction of the ecosystem. On the other hand one of the most serious problems of contamination of! water is given from the disturbance of the hydrological cycle that is
W causando graves problemas en los fenómenos naturales como son los huracanes, las fuertes lluvias, ios vientos, etc., y como consecuencia las inundaciones y sequías que se viven en diferentes sitios de la tierra. Por otro lado el común denominador en la contaminación del agua y de otros disolventes, es Ia cantidad demanda cada vez mayor y Ia baja reutilización que estos reciben para su mayor aprovechamiento.W causing serious problems in natural phenomena such as hurricanes, heavy rains, winds, etc., and as a consequence the floods and droughts that are lived in different places on earth. On the other hand, the common denominator in the contamination of water and other solvents is the increasing demand quantity and the low reuse that they receive for greater use.
15 Una vez se ha planteado Ia problemática sobre Ia escasez de! agua en el futuro debido a su mal uso, nos referiremos al problema técnico que se presenta a partir dei tratamiento de aguas residuales y su clasificación y posterior tratamiento. Entre Ia clasificación de las aguas encontramos aguas grises, aguas residuales, aguas industriales, aguas pluviales, etc. Las aguas grises se diferencia de otras aguas por su15 Once the problem about the shortage of! water in the future due to its misuse, we will refer to the technical problem that arises from the treatment of wastewater and its classification and subsequent treatment. Among the classification of the waters we find gray waters, sewage, industrial waters, rainwater, etc. Gray water differs from other waters by its
20 menor contaminación, al mezclarlas su tratamiento se hace más complejo. En cuanto ai uso de agua potable se presenta un problema, en Ia mayoría de actividades se usa el agua potable sin ser esto necesario para todos los casos, como el lavado de cañes, pisos, fachadas, autos, maquinaria etc., así como el agua usada para el sanitario. Estas actividades y Ia baja reutilización de las aguas grises conllevan a un mayor20 less pollution, mixing them makes their treatment more complex. As for the use of drinking water, a problem arises, in most activities drinking water is used without this being necessary for all cases, such as washing of pipes, floors, facades, cars, machinery, etc., as well as water used for the sanitary. These activities and the low reuse of gray water lead to greater
25 demanda de agua potable. Esto genera mayor contaminación en los cuerpos de agua que es donde llegan algunas de estas.25 demand for drinking water. This generates more pollution in the bodies of water, which is where some of these arrive.
Las plantas de tratamiento purifican el agua sin clasificarías según su origen, puesto que en la recolección de redes de alcantarillado no se clasifican. Por lo general estas plantas de tratamiento tienen estándares de calidad y el agua que surten es potable.The treatment plants purify the water without classifying it according to its origin, since in the collection of sewage networks they are not classified. Usually these treatment plants have quality standards and the water they supply is potable.
3fr No obstante, en países subdesarroilados y en vías de desarrolfo algunas píanfas de tratamiento no son eficientes, y el agua no es de buena calidad. Oe esta manera, Ia población se ve obligada a tomar agua de baja calidad que Ie puede causar enfermedades.
Exfeíen plantas de tratamiento dé menor escala, generalmente estas requieren de montajes compfejbs, su operación y mantenimiento, necesitan de capacitación en áreas tecnológicas. El volumen de estas siempre requiere un espacio necesario. Ef montaje e instalación son complejos y requieren tecnologías asesoradas por ingenieros, técnicos3fr However, in underdeveloped and developing countries some treatment plans are not efficient, and the water is not of good quality. In this way, the population is forced to drink low quality water that can cause diseases. They are small scale treatment plants, they generally require compjjbs assemblies, their operation and maintenance, they need training in technological areas. The volume of these always requires a necessary space. Ef assembly and installation are complex and require technologies advised by engineers, technicians
5 y profesionales. Además este tipo de plantas de tratamiento para el agua funcionan a base de energía eléctrica, Jo que conlleva a un alto consumo de energía. Estos equipos o plantas son adicionales y no se adaptan a ios elementos donde se generan las aguas grises o aguas residuales. Entre los equipos para el tratamiento del agua se encuentran Ia filtración por membrana5 and professionals. In addition, these types of water treatment plants operate on the basis of electrical energy, which leads to high energy consumption. These equipment or plants are additional and do not adapt to the elements where gray water or wastewater is generated. Among the water treatment equipment are membrane filtration
W (osmosis inversa), intercambio iónico, filtros submicroscópicos, luz ultra violeta y sistemas de ozono entre algunos. El agua producto de estas técnicas es de un alta calidad, siempre que el agua que traten no este contaminada hasta cierto punto químicamente. A pesar de estas nuevas tecnologías algunas requieren complemento de otras para poder depurar el agua. Algunas de estas tecnologías no son accesiblesW (reverse osmosis), ion exchange, submicroscopic filters, ultra violet light and ozone systems among some. The water product of these techniques is of a high quality, provided that the water they treat is not chemically contaminated to some extent. Despite these new technologies, some require the complement of others in order to purify the water. Some of these technologies are not accessible.
15 por sus costos para todo el mundo y al mismo tiempo son complejas de operar, requieren de conocimiento técnico. Algunos de los sistemas que limpian el agua pafa reutilizarla en otras actividades poseen filtros que reciben toda Ia carga de contaminante, esto genera un constante taponamiento,, además de que Ia reutilizaciérí del agua es limitada. La utilización intensiva de químicos para tratar ei agua que15 for their costs for everyone and at the same time they are complex to operate, they require technical knowledge. Some of the systems that clean the water to reuse it in other activities have filters that receive the entire contaminant load, this generates a constant plugging, in addition to the fact that the water reuse is limited. The intensive use of chemicals to treat water that
2Θ generan efectos residuales son ei común denominador en varios equipos convencionales.2Θ generate residual effects are the common denominator in several conventional equipment.
Algunas de las invenciones para el tratamiento del agua residual la descontaminan aplicando un proceso de tratamiento determinado como biológicos, físico, químicos y naturales, que por lo general no se integran en un solo equipo. Si en algunos seSome of the inventions for the treatment of wastewater are decontaminated by applying a specific treatment process such as biological, physical, chemical and natural, which usually are not integrated into a single device. If in some it
25 pueden integrar estos son de gran escala y complejos en cuanto a montaje, mantenimiento y operación. Las plantas de tratamiento por Io general se encuentran separadas de donde se genera el agua residual, esto hace que se requiera redes y sistemas de bombeo que lo hacen más complejo y de mayor costo. En su mayoría estos equipos vierten el agua residual sin dársele un tratamiento previo, esto contamina25 can integrate these are large-scale and complex in terms of assembly, maintenance and operation. The treatment plants are generally separated from where the wastewater is generated, which means that networks and pumping systems are required that make it more complex and more expensive. For the most part, this equipment discharges wastewater without giving it a previous treatment, this contaminates
30 las fuentes htdrieas. Así mismo en los sistemas convencionales no se diferencian los lavamanos para lavarse ías manos y otro para lavarse la boca. De igual manera ios recolectores de orina de genero femenino o masculino son poco usuales en los baños, RO son movibles o graduabies según el tamaño de Ia persona que lo utiliza.
En cuanto a Tos cuartos de baño contienen elementos convencionales como duchas, lavamanos, además de ios Favaropas instalados en otros sitios que se encuentran fijos y no son fáciles de trasladar. Las redes para proveerías de agua se encuentran incrustadas en ia pared, esto dificulta cualquier arreglo o modificación. Existe una cabina ducha con formas cilindricas y cúbicas principalmente que contienen una ducha, pero están ancladas o fijas en un sitio determinado. Ninguno de estos cuartos o cabinas de baño puede ser trasladado fácilmente, estos a su vez no poseen sistemas de reciclado del agua o incluso para tratarla. Ninguno de estos sistemas permite agregarle al agua esencias, flores o plantas para el lavado para mezclar los principios activos con el agua.30 htdrieas sources. Likewise, in conventional systems, sinks are not differentiated to wash hands and another to wash your mouth. Similarly, female or male gender urine collectors are unusual in bathrooms, RO are movable or adjustable depending on the size of the person using it. As for Tos bathrooms, they contain conventional elements such as showers, sinks, in addition to the Favaropas installed in other places that are fixed and are not easy to move. The water supply networks are embedded in the wall, this makes any arrangement or modification difficult. There is a shower cubicle with cylindrical and cubic shapes mainly that contain a shower, but are anchored or fixed in a certain place. None of these rooms or bath cabins can be easily moved, these in turn do not have water recycling systems or even to treat it. None of these systems allows essences, flowers or plants to be added to the wash to mix the active ingredients with the water.
Cada vez más son los animales que el hombre domestica y termina aseándoles con un baño, entre estos: perros, caballos, gatos, pájaros, etc. El agua utilizada con este fin también se incrementa en su consumo, esta agua no es reciclada y tratada para luego ser reutilizada. En los sistemas actuales usados para el aseo diario no se tiene en cuenta las personas discapacitadas. Las personas discapacitadas se ven obligadas a usar los baños con diseño para las personas no discapacitadas ya que su diseño es casi universal.More and more are the animals that man tames and ends up grooming them with a bath, among them: dogs, horses, cats, birds, etc. The water used for this purpose is also increased in its consumption, this water is not recycled and treated and then reused. In the current systems used for daily cleaning, disabled people are not taken into account. Disabled people are forced to use bathrooms with design for non-disabled people since their design is almost universal.
EfY cuanto al tratamiento para el agua este se realiza a partir de procesos intensivos químicos, estos químicos residuales han planteado un problema de salud pública. - Por otro lado, existe un común denominador entre Ia reutilización del agua y otros disolventes como gasolina, el thinner y eí varsol, no es muy común que estos sean reciclados, tratados y recirculados o reutilizados. Existen unidades y equipos que tratan estos disolventes para ser reutilizarlos en labores de lavado de diferentes elementos, Ia industria fabrica aparatos que recojan o reciclen elementos químicos para darle nuevamente uso. Sin embargo, estos equipos son complejos en cuanto a montaje y mantenimiento de alto costo debido a que siempre requieren de una alta inversión y por estas razones no se utilizan. La manera más usual de "deshacerse" de los disolventes, es en ei desagüe Io cua) lleva a un tratamiento intensivo dei agua o que se contaminen las fuentes hídricas. La reutilización de disolventes derivados del petróleo tienen que ver con Ia contaminación del agua. La reutilización del agua y de otros disolventes plantean una problemática común debido a que presentan algunas semejanzas cuando estos se contaminan, como por ejemplo metales pesados, sólidos decantables, solubles, soluciones como grasas y otros compuestos químicos. Por tanto su
íraíaπ^nfó es símífár.EfY as for the treatment for this water is carried out from chemical intensive processes, these residual chemicals have posed a public health problem. - On the other hand, there is a common denominator between the reuse of water and other solvents such as gasoline, thinner and eí varsol, it is not very common that these are recycled, treated and recirculated or reused. There are units and equipment that treat these solvents to be reused in washing tasks of different elements, the industry manufactures devices that collect or recycle chemical elements to reuse it. However, these equipments are complex in terms of assembly and maintenance of high cost because they always require a high investment and for these reasons they are not used. The most common way to "get rid" of solvents, is in the sewage which qua) leads to an intensive treatment of water or to contaminate water sources. The reuse of solvents derived from petroleum have to do with the contamination of water. The reuse of water and other solvents pose a common problem because they have some similarities when they become contaminated, such as heavy metals, decantable solids, soluble, solutions such as fats and other chemical compounds. Therefore its íraíaπ ^ nfó is symifár.
4. ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN4. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
• La pafenfe número US2GG5066439 muestra un sistema que puede recíclar el agua y• Pafenfe number US2GG5066439 shows a system that can recycle water and
J ufiffTzarfa en ofros usos como ef sanitario, posee un montaje de varios tanques y una instalación hidráulica adicional compleja para Ia recolección def agua rfeí lavamanos y ducha especialmente; La patente número WO2004061244 se relaciona con las aplicaciones del servicio y los accesorios de Ia plomería. Allí se demuestra un lavamanos o tocador 10 montado sobre una cisterna 12. El nivel del agua 24 en la O cisterna desborda 26 mostrado en Ia figura 1; La patente número WO03023154 muestra un sistema para Ia recolección del agua de Ia ducha y el lavamanos, junto con un sistema de bombeo para surtir Ia cisterna. Esta abarca el piso de Ia caja (1) y él depósito lavabo-formado (2) que tiene una cisterna unida a (3), que permite que sea llenado. La plataforma con bisagras (4) y a las bombas de agua (6); La patente 5 número US6425148 muestra un sistema para ia recolección del agua del lavamanos, este posee un fregadero 32 y un tanque 10 que recicla el agua utilizada en e5 lavamanos para ser utilizada en Ia cisterna; La patente número USEP1077291 muestra un recolector de aguas que puede surtir Ia cisterna, este sistema tiene un tanque de almacenado 24 que recolecta el agua del lavamanos mediante una 0 entrada 19. Esta puede surtir Ia cisterna a través de una salida del agua 31. Además este sistema posee una conexión eléctrica 28; La patente número US6328882 muestra un tanque recolector de aguas grises. Esta invención muestra un tanque de recepción "A" capaz de recibir el agua gris generadas por las tinas del baño, las duchas, y los servicios en una residencia. En Ia parte inferior del tanque recoge los 5 sólidos suspendidos en el colector de aceite 22, además usa un diámetro de Vz", usado comúnmente para Ia tubería de Ia distribución del agua potable en sistemas de bombeo residenciales; La patente número US6321773 muestra un sistema de agua cerrado a través de un sistema, un aparato y los métodos para cerrar el flujo def agua de una fuente, con el fin de que el agua no se congele, La fig. 8 es una 0 ilustración simplificada de una estructura que contiene el agua que emplea tos sistemas y/o ios sistemas; La patente número ES2208108 es un equipo para el tratamiento de aguas residuales de origen orgánico, por medio de filtración biológica aeróbica con aire y agua en sentido ascendente sobre un lecho biológico de un
reactor, estando en un íeefio en forma <fe esferas de arcilla o mafeπaϊ plástico; La patente número ES2205511 es un reciclador 10 de agua portátil que recibe agua sucia de un sistemas (S), retira detritus y sedimento del agua sucia y devueive agua ches-sedimentada ai sistema (S); La patente número US2002175116 es una plantaJ ufiffTzarfa in other uses such as sanitary, has a mounting of several tanks and a complex additional hydraulic installation for the collection of water rfeí sink and shower especially; Patent number WO2004061244 relates to service applications and plumbing fixtures. There is shown a sink or toilet 10 mounted on a tank 12. The water level 24 in the O tank overflow 26 shown in Figure 1; Patent number WO03023154 shows a system for collecting water from the shower and the sink, together with a pumping system to supply the tank. This covers the floor of the box (1) and the basin-shaped tank (2) that has a cistern attached to (3), which allows it to be filled. The hinged platform (4) and the water pumps (6); Patent No. 5 US6425148 shows a system for the collection of water from the sink, it has a sink 32 and a tank 10 that recycles the water used in the sink to be used in the tank; The patent number USEP1077291 shows a water collector that can supply the tank, this system has a storage tank 24 that collects the water from the sink through a 0 inlet 19. This can supply the tank through a water outlet 31. In addition this system has an electrical connection 28; Patent number US6328882 shows a gray water collection tank. This invention shows a "A" receiving tank capable of receiving gray water generated by bath tubs, showers, and services in a residence. In the lower part of the tank it collects the 5 solids suspended in the oil collector 22, in addition it uses a diameter of Vz ", commonly used for the pipeline of the distribution of drinking water in residential pumping systems; patent number US6321773 shows a system of water closed through a system, an apparatus and the methods to close the flow of water from a source, so that the water does not freeze, Fig. 8 is a simplified illustration of a structure containing the water that uses systems and / or systems; Patent number ES2208108 is an equipment for the treatment of wastewater of organic origin, by means of aerobic biological filtration with air and water upstream on a biological bed of a reactor, being in an enefio in the form <spheres of clay or plastic mafeπaϊ; Patent number ES2205511 is a portable water recycler 10 that receives dirty water from a system (S), removes detritus and sediment from dirty water and returns ches-sedimented water to the system (S); Patent number US2002175116 is a plant
5 de tratamiento de aguas simbiótica, para aguas residuales que desarrolla un procedimiento de Ia depuración en un proceso primario o secundario; La patente número US6210578 presenta una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales para los flujos pequeños, caracterizada por Ia combinación de Ia sedimentación seguida por un proceso anóxico y aerobio, alternando flujos descendentes y ascendentes y5 of symbiotic water treatment, for wastewater that develops a purification procedure in a primary or secondary process; Patent number US6210578 presents a wastewater treatment plant for small flows, characterized by the combination of sedimentation followed by an anoxic and aerobic process, alternating downward and upward flows and
10 aireada según el requisito del oxígeno, siendo una recirculación del agua tratada con fango sedimentado; La patente número WO2004069756 es una invención relacionada con un método y una instalación del tratamiento de aguas (2) para tratar el agua (1) y/o guardar Ia última agua limpia, que se origina en una piscinas (4). Según el método, en un primer paso el agua (1) se sujeta a la purificación mecánica10 aerated according to the oxygen requirement, being a recirculation of the water treated with sedimented sludge; Patent number WO2004069756 is an invention related to a method and installation of water treatment (2) for treating water (1) and / or keeping the last clean water, which originates in a swimming pool (4). According to the method, in a first step the water (1) is subjected to mechanical purification
Í5 preíímínar en por fo menos un sistema mecánico de Ta purificación (5, 8) y en un segundo paso, se sujeta a Ia purificación biológica en un sistema biológico para Ia purificación (12, 13); La patente número ES2154973 es un procedimiento para ia filtración de efluentes de tratamiento biológico de aguas residuales urbanas, compuesto por un filtro rápido de gravedad con un material filtrante de zeolita 0 natural; La patente número WO0234677 muestra un sistema del tratamiento de aguas capaz de Ia filtración fuera del hierro y del manganeso en agua cruda oxidándolos y haciéndolos insolubles en agua. Incluye un tubo del abastecimiento de agua cruda; La patente número US2005072718 es aplicable al tratamiento de las salidas sanitarias y municipales de las aguas residuales y pluviales. El sistema y eiIn the first place, at least one mechanical system of purification (5, 8) and in a second step, it is subjected to biological purification in a biological system for purification (12, 13); Patent number ES2154973 is a procedure for the filtration of effluents from urban wastewater biological treatment, consisting of a rapid gravity filter with a natural or zeolite filter material; Patent number WO0234677 shows a water treatment system capable of filtration out of iron and manganese in raw water by oxidizing them and making them insoluble in water. It includes a raw water supply tube; Patent number US2005072718 is applicable to the treatment of sanitary and municipal outlets of sewage and rainwater. The system and ei
25 sistema de esta invención pueden también aplicarse al tratamiento de otra agua y aguas residuales; la patente US2652925 un sistema magnético para el tratamiento de líquidos, por ejempío aguas duras.The system of this invention can also be applied to the treatment of other water and wastewater; US2652925 a magnetic system for the treatment of liquids, for example hard water.
5. VENTAJAS DE LA INVENCIÓN SOBRE EL ESTADO DE LA TÉCNICA5. ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION ON THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE
30 La presente invención supera los problemas anteriormente mencionados, asi como otros probfemas referentes a sistemas y procesos para ef tratamiento del agua que existen actualmente. Esta invención incorpora nuevos diseños y versatilidad que íe permiten ser un sistema practico en su instalación y mantenimiento, así como en su
funcionamiento. Éstas características fe permiten ser portátil Entre las características mes importantes que nacen de este sistema una invención se encuentran fas siguientes:The present invention overcomes the aforementioned problems, as well as other problems concerning systems and processes for water treatment that currently exist. This invention incorporates new designs and versatility that allow it to be a practical system in its installation and maintenance, as well as in its functioning. These faith characteristics allow to be portable Among the important month characteristics that are born from this system an invention are fas:
I- La característica más importantes es que el sistema puede integrar en un solo cubículo un sistema que integra un cuarto de lavado para realizar diferentes actividades como eJ lavado del cuerpo, además de un recipiente donde se pueden lavar las manos y algunas prendas de vestir, este incorpora al mismo tiempo un sistema de reciclado, tratamiento y recirculación integral para el agua que se generan en estas actividades. 2. El diseño del sistema permite aplicar un tratamiento integral al agua que se compone de cuatro procesos. Estos son: biológico, físico, químico y natural, que garantizan un eficiente tratamiento al agua y de una calidad óptima para ser usadas en actividades como Ia ducha, el lavamanos o el lavado de ropa y en otras actividades.I- The most important feature is that the system can integrate in a single cubicle a system that integrates a laundry room to perform different activities such as body washing, in addition to a container where you can wash your hands and some clothing, This incorporates at the same time a system of recycling, treatment and integral recirculation for the water generated in these activities. 2. The design of the system allows an integral treatment to be applied to water that is made up of four processes. These are: biological, physical, chemical and natural, that guarantee an efficient treatment to the water and of an optimum quality to be used in activities such as the shower, the sink or the laundry of clothes and in other activities.
3. Otra de las características importantes es el funcionamiento del sistema a partir de energía mecánica, eléctrica o eóiica, garantizando su funcionamiento en sitios donde no hay energía. Además utiliza Ia energía solar para destilar el agua.3. Another important feature is the operation of the system from mechanical, electrical or wind energy, guaranteeing its operation in places where there is no energy. It also uses solar energy to distill water.
4. El sistema para el tratamiento y la recirculación del agua incorpora campos magnéticos que combinados con el proceso biológico retienen y sedimentan una mayor cantidad de partículas contaminantes deϊ agua, 5. El diseño del sistema permite ser armado en figuras geométricas como poliedros principalmente. Este incorpora en su estructura tanques de almacenamiento del agua u otros disolventes reduciendo el problema de espacio, estos tanques pueden ser fijados en diferentes sitios.4. The system for the treatment and recirculation of water incorporates magnetic fields that combined with the biological process retain and sediment a greater quantity of water-polluting particles, 5. The design of the system allows it to be armed in geometric figures such as polyhedra. This incorporates in its structure water storage tanks or other solvents reducing the space problem, these tanks can be fixed in different places.
6. Este sistema para el tratamiento y Ia recirculación del agua es independiente, puede ubicarse en cualquier sitio y ser trasladado fácilmente. Esto hace que su diseño sea portátil.6. This system for the treatment and recirculation of water is independent, can be located anywhere and easily transferred. This makes its design portable.
7. Otra de las ventajas importantes del sistema es que está diseñado también para personas discapacitadas en los miembros inferiores.7. Another important advantage of the system is that it is also designed for disabled people in the lower limbs.
8. Ef diseño der sistema puede usarse de iguaf manera para el aseo de ios animales, dentro de un cubículo donde se recircula el agua para la misma actividad. Este sistema debe ser independíenle del usado por personas.8. The design of the system can be used in the same way for cleaning animals, inside a cubicle where water is recirculated for the same activity. This system must be independent of that used by people.
9. En el proceso de tratamiento al agua, en este sistema se usa elementos naturales a base de plantas especificas que se incorporan en un medio filtrante, así como
stf&sfancías tánicas y muαϊagos para una mayor eficiencia en eí tratamiento af agua, etftfaFKfo eF efecto resíduaf químico.9. In the water treatment process, this system uses natural elements based on specific plants that are incorporated into a filter medium, as well as stf & tannic drugs and muαϊagos for greater efficiency in water treatment, etftfaFKfo eF chemical residue effect.
10. Como un ultimo proceso e\ sistema permite extraer fas principios activos de plantas aromáticas para agregarías al agua que se usa para la ducha y el lavado de manos. El sistema puede a través del tanque de destilación servir como un secador de plantas que pueden ser utilizadas posteriormente en ei tratamiento para el agua.10. As a final process, the system allows extracting active ingredients from aromatic plants to add to the water used for showering and hand washing. The system can, through the distillation tank, serve as a dryer for plants that can be used later in the water treatment.
11. A través del diseño de este sistema y del proceso de tratamiento al agua se puede tratar y recircular disolventes tales como Ia gasolina, el thinner y el varsoi para ser usados en ei lavado de diferentes elementos.11. Through the design of this system and the water treatment process, solvents such as gasoline, thinner and varsoi can be treated and recirculated to be used in the washing of different elements.
6. Breve descripción de figuras6. Brief description of figures
La Fig.1 muestra ei sistema en conjunto con una vista tridimensional, muestra además parte del conjunto de elementos que componen el sistema. La figura es una de fas formas preferentes de ía invención. La Fig. 2 muestra de manera completa en una vista lateral y da una idea de como funciona el sistema para aplicar un proceso de tratamiento al agua y otros disolventes.Fig. 1 shows the system in conjunction with a three-dimensional view, also shows part of the set of elements that make up the system. The figure is one of the preferred forms of the invention. Fig. 2 shows completely in a side view and gives an idea of how the system works to apply a treatment process to water and other solvents.
La Fig.3 muestra una vista lateral del conjunto y su funcionamiento del sistema para ei tratamiento y Ia recirculación de disolventes, esta figura muestra un cuarto para ef íavado» así como un recipiente. La Fig. 4 muestra como el sistema contiene una ducha, un lavamanos y/o lavaropa, además el sistema contiene un recolector de orina y muestra como se íe adapta una cisterna para surtiría de agtra.Fig. 3 shows a side view of the assembly and its operation of the system for the treatment and the recirculation of solvents, this figure shows a room for cleaning as well as a container. Fig. 4 shows how the system contains a shower, a sink and / or a washing machine, in addition the system contains a urine collector and shows how a tank is adapted to supply agtra.
La Fig.5 muestra una vista lateral de como puede funcionar el sistema con un sistema eólico para hacer funcionar Ia bomba para agua y un generador de ozono.Fig. 5 shows a side view of how the system can work with a wind system to operate the water pump and an ozone generator.
7. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN7. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La solución técnica a Ia problemática se plantea a partir del control, uso y manejo del agua y otros disolventes, unido a la reutilización de las aguas y disolventes residuales. En este contexto el tratamiento para Ia depuración juega un papel importante. Para el tratamiento del agua Ia clasificación de las aguas residuales debe darse desde su origen, es decir, hay que clasificarías según su procedencia. En cuanto a esta solución se plantea el diseño de un sistema que permite un mejor control, uso, manejo y reutilización o recircuiación del agua y otros disolventes. También la solución plantea
nievas aitemafivas cíe tratamiento af agua a partir de procesos físicos y naturales complementarios para fa depuración de te misma. Los procesos de tratamiento af agua pueden realizarse de manera integral combinado procesos convencionales y alternativos. Las siguientes definiciones nos permiten una mejor comprensión de ia solución que se quiere exponerThe technical solution to the problem is based on the control, use and management of water and other solvents, together with the reuse of water and residual solvents. In this context, treatment for purification plays an important role. For the treatment of water the classification of wastewater must be given from its origin, that is, it should be classified according to its origin. Regarding this solution, the design of a system that allows better control, use, handling and reuse or recircuation of water and other solvents is proposed. Also the solution raises Nieves aitemafivas cía treatment af water from complementary physical and natural processes for the purification of yourself. The af water treatment processes can be carried out in an integrated manner combined with conventional and alternative processes. The following definitions allow us a better understanding of the solution that we want to present
Agua potable; Es aquella que por reunir los requisitos organolépticos, físicos, químicos y microbiológicos, en las condiciones señaladas en la legislación de cada país y según las normas FAO y OMS, puede ser consumida por Ia población humana sin producir efectos adversos a su salud. Generalmente esta agua es surtida por Plantas de tratamíefÉ->.Drinking water; It is one that by meeting the organoleptic, physical, chemical and microbiological requirements, under the conditions indicated in the legislation of each country and according to FAO and WHO standards, can be consumed by the human population without producing adverse effects on their health. Generally this water is supplied by treatment plants.
Agua segura: Es aquella que sin cumplir algunas de las normas de potabilidad, puede ser consumida sin riesgo para la salud humana. Principalmente esta agua pasa por un proceso de desinfección (eliminación de microorganismos). Aguas residuales urbanas: aguas fecales, aguas de fregado, agua de cocina. Los principales contaminantes de éstas son Ia materia orgánica y microorganismos. Estas aguas suelen vertirse a ríos o al mar tras una pequeña depuración. Aguas residuales municipales: contienen residuos líquidos originados por una comunidad. Por Io general esta agua contiene alta carga contaminante. Aguas residuales industriales: contienen casi todos los tipos de contaminantes (minerales, orgánicas, térmicos por las aguas de refrigeración). Estas aguas se vierten a ríos y mares tras una depuración parda!.Safe water: It is one that without complying with some of the drinking standards, can be consumed without risk to human health. Mainly this water goes through a disinfection process (elimination of microorganisms). Urban wastewater: sewage, scrub water, cooking water. The main contaminants of these are the organic matter and microorganisms. These waters usually pour into rivers or the sea after a small purification. Municipal wastewater: contains liquid waste originated by a community. Generally this water contains a high pollutant load. Industrial wastewater: they contain almost all types of pollutants (mineral, organic, thermal by cooling waters). These waters are poured into rivers and seas after a brown purification!
Aguas pluviales residuales: son aquellas que proviene de las lluvias y se recogen en ios sistemas de alcantarillado, su característica es Ia dureza. Aguas residuales agrícolas: los contaminantes que contienen son materia orgánica (fertilizantes, pesticidas). Pueden contaminar aguas subterráneas, ríos, mares, embalses, ete.Wastewater: these are those that come from the rains and are collected in the sewer systems, their characteristic is the hardness. Agricultural wastewater: the contaminants they contain are organic matter (fertilizers, pesticides). They can contaminate groundwater, rivers, seas, reservoirs, etc.
Aguas grises: aguas domésticas residuales compuestas por agua de fa cocina, cuarto de baño (ducha), lavamanos y agua de los fregaderos. Recirculación del agua: se define como reciclar el agua después de ser usada, para luego volverla a usar. En este proceso el agua puede ser tratada. Este principio puede ser aplicado a otros disolventes.Gray water: domestic wastewater composed of kitchen water, bathroom (shower), sink and sink water. Water recirculation: defined as recycling the water after being used, and then using it again. In this process water can be treated. This principle can be applied to other solvents.
En el conjunto de las aguas residuales se encuentran las aguas grises que hacen compuestas por agua de la cocina, ducha, lavamanos y lavado de ropa. Las aguasIn the set of wastewater there are gray waters that consist of kitchen water, shower, sink and laundry. The waters
IO
gfiβes por fanfo son fas aguas que han sido menos contaminadas. Si tratamos las aguas grises con ef fin efe que sean reutHizadas o recircufadas en una misma actividad podremos dar un mejor control, uso y manejo def agua, esto puede llevar a un ahorro, preservación, maximización y sobre todo a una menor contaminación de ios cuerpos de agua. Es importante tener en cuenta que todas las aguas pueden ser reutilizadas, sin embargo, nos referimos a aquellas aguas cuyo tratamiento puede ser realizado en un mismo sistema integral, a partir de elementos, diseños y procesos de tratamiento, donde se pueden realizar simultáneamente actividades del aseo diario de personas y animales por separado. Así mismo aplicando el principio de Ia recirculación del agua a través del tratamiento, se pueden reutilizar otros disolventes como es ef caso de te gasolina, el thinner y el varsol para ser reutilizados en labores de lavado de maquinaria y autos principalmente, claro siempre y cuando se utilice un sistema para cada actividad. En el tratamiento se plantea como Ia solución, Ia recirculación del agua no solamente en actividades de aseo como ta ducha y lavamanos, sino también para actividades alternativas, sobre todo en aquellas que no se requiere agua potable.IO gfiβes by fanfo are fas waters that have been less polluted. If we treat the gray waters so that they can be reused or recirculated in the same activity, we can give better control, use and management of water, this can lead to savings, preservation, maximization and, above all, less pollution of the bodies. of water. It is important to keep in mind that all waters can be reused, however, we refer to those waters whose treatment can be carried out in the same integral system, based on elements, designs and treatment processes, where activities of the water can be carried out simultaneously daily cleaning of people and animals separately. Also applying the principle of water recirculation through treatment, other solvents can be reused as is the case of gasoline, thinner and varsol to be reused mainly in machinery and car wash, of course, as long as A system is used for each activity. In the treatment it is proposed as the solution, the recirculation of water not only in cleaning activities such as shower and sink, but also for alternative activities, especially in those that do not require drinking water.
El tratamiento de las aguas residuales se puede realizar aplicando diferentes procesos entre ellos físicos, químicos y biológicos hasta ahora ampliamente conocidos. La aplicación de ios procesos de tratamiento dependen de Ia contaminación del agua. La contaminación se mide a través de parámetros tales como: Ia DQO, Ia DBO, metates pesados, dureza, bacterias, virus, algas, hongos y otros microorganismos, también se pueden presentar elementos inorgánicos, como arena, tierra, minerales, productos químicos, nitritos, nitratos, fosfatos y tensoactivos entre otros. Describimos aquí brevemente ios procesos convencionales llevados a cabo dentro del sistema para el tratamiento y Ia recirculación del agua que pueden ser combinados con métodos alternativos según el tratamiento.Wastewater treatment can be carried out by applying different processes including physical, chemical and biological hitherto widely known. The application of the treatment processes depends on the contamination of the water. Pollution is measured through parameters such as: COD, BOD, heavy metates, hardness, bacteria, viruses, algae, fungi and other microorganisms, inorganic elements, such as sand, earth, minerals, chemicals, can also be presented. nitrites, nitrates, phosphates and surfactants among others. We briefly describe here the conventional processes carried out within the system for the treatment and recirculation of water that can be combined with alternative methods according to the treatment.
Ei proceso de tratamiento al agua se lleva a cabo en varios pasos que comprende: desbaste, tratamiento biológico, filtro percolador, tratamiento natural (mucitagos), aireación, aplicación de campos magnéticos o electromagnéticos, floculación, sedimentación, tratamiento natural (substancias tánicas), filtración, adsorción y desinfección del agua. Y como alternativa se aplica la destilación del agua. Basado en estos mismos pasos se apiiea ef tratamiento para otros disolventes como gasolina, thinner y varsol que generalizamos como disolventes. El sistema para el tratamiento y Ia recirculación del agua y otros disolventes, comienzaThe water treatment process is carried out in several steps that includes: roughing, biological treatment, percolating filter, natural treatment (mucitages), aeration, application of magnetic or electromagnetic fields, flocculation, sedimentation, natural treatment (tannic substances), filtration, adsorption and disinfection of water. And as an alternative water distillation is applied. Based on these same steps, the treatment for other solvents such as gasoline, thinner and varsol, which we generalize as solvents, is added. The system for the treatment and recirculation of water and other solvents begins
ϊí
(XM wi desbaste, donde ef agua o disolvente pasa por Jas rejas y tamices para eliminar los sóffcfos más gruesos, en estas rejas o pañetes se cofoca resinas catiónicas y amónicas. Al mismo tiempo se aplica un proceso de desengrasado. Sí ef sistema trata aguas grises o residuales aplicando un proceso biológico que elimina y flocula Ia carga contaminante del agua. Este proceso es ampliamente conocido sobretodo por sus ventajas para el medio ambiente. Al tratamiento biológico se Ie proporciona oxígeno (aireación) para causar flotación y precipitación de sólidos solubles e insolubles. Este proceso permite alcanzar reducciones de Ia DBO del orden del 90% y remoción del nitrógeno del 80%. EI liquido resultante luego de este proceso es abundante en sólidos que podrán ser retenidos mediante Ia sedimentación y Ia filtración. Ef lecho bacteriano se adhieren en materiales naturales, minerales y sintéticos.ϊí (XM wi desbaste, where water or solvent passes through bars and sieves to remove the thickest soffits, cationic and ammonium resins are cofounded in these bars or patches. At the same time a degreasing process is applied. Yes eff system treats water gray or residual applying a biological process that eliminates and flocculates the pollutant load of water.This process is widely known especially for its advantages for the environment.Oxygen treatment (oxygen) is provided to the biological treatment to cause flotation and precipitation of soluble solids and insoluble This process allows to achieve reductions of BOD of the order of 90% and removal of nitrogen of 80% The resulting liquid after this process is abundant in solids that can be retained through sedimentation and filtration. in natural, mineral and synthetic materials.
La filtración con material natural (médula de plantas) combinado con el proceso biológico permite depurar el fósforo del 70 al 95%. La DBO oscilara, en el rendimiento, de un 85 a 98%. Así mismo el nitrógeno puede oscilar entre el 30 y 80% y Ia remoción de sólidos solubles en suspensión se da hasta del 70%. La temperatura a Ia cual se puede desarrollar este proceso varia entre 8 y 35°. El cultivo bacteriano se realiza a través de Ia fermentación de levaduras, bacterias fotosintéticas, protozoos (paramecϊum), bacterias lácticas, además de agregar nutrientes. La preparación de este fermento se realiza dentro de un recipiente magnético, la razón está explicada en Ia aplicación de los campos magnéticos y electromagnéticos que explicaremos más adelante. La generación del fecho bacteriano se da siempre que ef sistema este en uso. En cuanto al tratamiento químico se aplica de manera intermedia, debido a que este mejora ef tratamiento primario. EI proceso químico implica ia utilización de coagulantes principalmente y como complemento Ia utilización de cloro. La combinación del proceso biológico con Ia precipitación química, trae como ventaja la disminución de los fangos generados en la depuración del agua. Así mismo la utilización de reactivos químicos se puede contrarrestar con diferentes elementos naturales. La dosificación del cloro se hace mediante autorreguladores que se usan para determinar una dosificación exacta, sin embargo, se hace preferible no usarlo para Ia desinfección. Ai mismo tiempo para Ia desinfección del agua se utilizan equipos de ozono y de iuz UV que se pueden adaptar ai el sistema para el tratamiento y Ia recirculación del agua, así se ofrecen varias alternativas, reemplazar una con otra o haciéndolas complementarias para mayor eficiencia en Ia desinfección del agua. La
ventaja efe estos sistemas radica en su eficiencia para eliminar microorganismos, así como fa oxidación de material contaminante del agua como el cloro residual que luego puede ser eliminado mediante filtración. Otro de los elementos bastante conocidos y que se utiliza en el sistema es ia plata debido a sus propiedades sobre ios microorganismos. Los diferentes procesos convencionales y alternativos pueden ser combinados según cada etapa y clase de agua que trata el sistema, aunque el dispositivo recircula aguas grises para las mismas actividades, este puede tratar otras aguas cuando se destinan para labores de aseo de objetos.Filtration with natural material (plant marrow) combined with the biological process allows the phosphorus to be purified from 70 to 95%. The BOD will vary in yield from 85 to 98%. Likewise, nitrogen can range between 30 and 80% and the removal of soluble solids in suspension occurs up to 70%. The temperature at which this process can be developed varies between 8 and 35 °. The bacterial culture is carried out through the fermentation of yeasts, photosynthetic bacteria, protozoa (paramecϊum), lactic bacteria, in addition to adding nutrients. The preparation of this ferment is carried out inside a magnetic container, the reason is explained in the application of the magnetic and electromagnetic fields that we will explain later. The generation of the bacterial date occurs whenever the system is in use. As for the chemical treatment, it is applied in an intermediate way, due to the fact that it improves the primary treatment. The chemical process involves the use of coagulants primarily and as a complement to the use of chlorine. The combination of the biological process with the chemical precipitation, has the advantage of reducing the sludge generated in the purification of water. Also the use of chemical reagents can be counteracted with different natural elements. The dosage of chlorine is done by self-regulators that are used to determine an exact dosage, however, it is preferable not to use it for disinfection. At the same time for the disinfection of water, ozone and UV light equipment are used that can be adapted to the system for the treatment and recirculation of water, thus offering several alternatives, replacing one with the other or making them complementary for greater efficiency in The disinfection of water. The The advantage of these systems lies in their efficiency to eliminate microorganisms, as well as the oxidation of water-polluting material such as residual chlorine that can then be removed by filtration. Another one of the elements quite well known and that is used in the system is the silver due to its properties on the microorganisms. The different conventional and alternative processes can be combined according to each stage and class of water treated by the system, although the device recirculates gray water for the same activities, it can treat other waters when they are used for cleaning objects.
Como un proceso complementario se aplica mediante el diseño de un destilador domestico una destilación al agua. Este separa completamente el agua de otras sustancias que tiene en solución o suspensión.As a complementary process, a distillation of water is applied through the design of a domestic distiller. This completely separates the water from other substances it has in solution or suspension.
Campos magnéticos y electromagnéticosMagnetic and electromagnetic fields
En los últimos años el estudio sobre campos magnéticos y electromagnéticos y sus diferentes aplicaciones se han incrementado. Como una de estas aplicaciones se da Ia utilización de campos magnéticos para el ablandamiento de las aguas que ya ha sido ampliamente utilizado e investigado, a un así, se discute si el campo magnético actúa sobre los iones diluidos o si actúa sobre las moléculas de agua, rompiéndose el fuerte encapsulamiento de los iones. La técnica consiste en aplicar un campo magnético a partir de 500 gauss a una corriente de agua dura de un caudal mas o menos lento, una vez se ha aplicado el campo magnético se produce un material que se puede sedimentar o ser retenido en los medios filtrantes. Los campos magnéticos se incorporan en ef sistema para causar ef efecto de ablandamiento en las aguas duras. Para nuestro interés estudiamos Ia relación entre el proceso biológico y los campos magnéticos, más concretamente Ia relación entre los campos magnéticos y los microorganismos que se presentan en ef agua, tanto para contaminarla como para depurarla, y a las partículas que contaminan el agua. El efecto biológico de ios campos magnéticos también ha sido ampliamente investigado e incluso aigunos efectos biológicos de estos campos magnéticos han sido reconocidos por Ia OMS (Organización Mundial de Ia Salud). No obstante, estos estudios no han estado orientados ai tratamiento del agua concretamente.In recent years the study on magnetic and electromagnetic fields and their different applications have increased. As one of these applications, the use of magnetic fields for the softening of water that has already been widely used and investigated occurs, as well, it is discussed whether the magnetic field acts on the diluted ions or if it acts on the water molecules , breaking the strong encapsulation of ions. The technique consists in applying a magnetic field from 500 gauss to a hard water stream of a more or less slow flow, once the magnetic field has been applied, a material that can settle or be retained in the filter media is produced . Magnetic fields are incorporated into the system to cause the softening effect in hard waters. For our interest we study the relationship between the biological process and the magnetic fields, more specifically the relationship between the magnetic fields and the microorganisms that occur in water, both to contaminate it and to purify it, and to the particles that pollute the water. The biological effect of the magnetic fields has also been extensively investigated and even some biological effects of these magnetic fields have been recognized by the WHO (World Health Organization). However, these studies have not been specifically aimed at water treatment.
Los sólidos disueltos en las aguas grises o residuales normalmente presentan una carga eléctrica o iónica, que hacen que permanezcan en suspensión. El propósito de
πtíéstFa invención se refacíón con a ía naturaleza y Ia interacción entre Ia emisión magnética, ios sólidos disueftos y el material biológico a partir de Ia frecuencia de Ia emisión, que puede sedimentar dichas partículas que permanecen en suspensión debido a las cargas eléctricas. El magnetismo se presenta en todos los microorganismos y se manifiesta de diferentes maneras.Solids dissolved in gray or wastewater usually have an electrical or ionic charge, which causes them to remain in suspension. The purpose of The invention was made with nature and the interaction between the magnetic emission, the solid solids and the biological material from the frequency of the emission, which can sediment said particles that remain in suspension due to electric charges. Magnetism occurs in all microorganisms and manifests itself in different ways.
Con relación a los campos magnéticos y los microorganismos, debemos tener en cuenta, que todos los seres vivientes, tanto plantas como animales, son estructuras bioeléctricas. Las células vivas se comporta como un dipolo debido a Ia distribución asimétrica de cargas hace que el interior celular sea negativo respecto al exterior. La diferencia de potencial a través de Ia membrana es variable en diversos tipos de células, encontrándose valores frecuentes entre -10 y -I00 mV. En tos seres humanos y tos animales se presentan frecuentes las manifestaciones eléctricas que son valoradas a través de Ia medicina, como por ejemplo, un encefalograma. La Tierra se encuentra rodeada de un campo magnético estático de un valor promedio de 500 mG y con manifestaciones naturales esporádicas de tormentas magnéticas de origen solar que pueden alcanzar 50 mG. Por tanto, los seres vivientes han estado sometidos por millones de años a influencias magnéticas de origen natural.With regard to magnetic fields and microorganisms, we must take into account that all living beings, both plants and animals, are bioelectric structures. The living cells behave like a dipole due to the asymmetric distribution of charges makes the cell interior negative against the outside. The potential difference across the membrane is variable in various cell types, with frequent values between -10 and -I00 mV. In human beings and animal cough, the electrical manifestations that are valued through medicine, such as an encephalogram, are frequent. The Earth is surrounded by a static magnetic field of an average value of 500 mG and with sporadic natural manifestations of magnetic storms of solar origin that can reach 50 mG. Therefore, living beings have been subjected to magnetic influences of natural origin for millions of years.
Unido a este principio de que los seres vivos son estructuras bioeléctricas, diremos que las partículas que están en el agua y que hacen que se vea turbia u oscura, normalmente tienen una carga eléctrica negativa en su superficie. Esta carga hace que las partículas se repelen entre sí, de manera que permanezcan en suspensión, en vez de agruparse y asentarse. Los procesos de coagulación biológica pueden hacer que estas partículas con cargas eléctricas se agrupen para luego sedimentarse, mientras que Ia coagulación química neutraliza Ia carga negativa de las partículas en suspensión para que luego se sedimenten.Together with this principle that living things are bioelectric structures, we will say that the particles that are in the water and that make it look cloudy or dark, normally have a negative electrical charge on its surface. This charge causes the particles to repel each other, so that they remain in suspension, instead of grouping and settling. The biological coagulation processes can cause these particles with electrical charges to be grouped together and then settling, while the chemical coagulation neutralizes the negative charge of the suspended particles so that they later settle.
La combinación del proceso biológico y Ia utilización de campos magnéticos para causar una mayor precipitación en el tratamiento del agua, comienza cuando se aplica \a etapa del proceso biológico a las aguas grises, estos microorganismos pueden causar que las partículas en el agua se agreguen y una vez agregadas se puedan sedimentar, a este proceso se Ie añade Ia Intensidad de un campo magnético o electromagnético, este atrae las partículas en el agua y puede magnetizarlas, estas agregaciones de sólidos que causan Ia turbidez del agua una vez magnetizadas pueden mantenerse aflí durante el tiempo que dure Ia magnetización. La magnetización
de? tes parfíeufas sofamenfe da en ía aplicado el proceso biológico, pues sin este tal éfeeftϊ πσ es evidente. La función de los campos magnéticos es magnetizar tes partículas para retenerlas o sedimentarias de manera más eficaz. Nformafmeníe algunas partículas que demorarían bastante tiempo en sedimentarse aplicando el proceso biológico unido a Ia utilización de campos magnéticos se puede conseguir en un menor tiempo. La aplicación de estos campos magnéticos o electromagnéticos pueden causar una mayor precipitación de dichos sólidos en eJ agua, esto trae como consecuencia una mayor precipitación y mayor retención de elementos contaminantes en el agua, Io que puede hacer más eficiente unido a los procesos convencionales. El aspecto magnético o electromagnético esta directamente relacionado con el proceso biológico, el cual se aplica en el sistema. Este proceso que según nuestra búsqueda no ha sido utilizado para causar una mayor precipitación ios sólidos que solubles combinado con el proceso biológico, es propuesto en nuestra invención, este proceso puede contribuir con Ia desinfección del agua. El mayor rendimiento en el proceso biológico y aplicación del campo magnético se presenta ai no generar químicos residuales en el agua. La aplicación de los campos magnéticos se da en el tanque de aguas grises en a partir de 500 gauss de cara al polo positivo en varios puntos. La utilización de campos magnéticos o electromagnéticos no poseen efectos secundarios que puedan afectar a fas personas que utilicen el sistema o el tratamiento al agua, por el contrario como ya se ha dicho en Ia descripción Ia aplicación de los campos magnéticos es cada vez mayor en el desarrollo tecnológico. Nuestro propósito al instalarlos dentro del sistema es causar una mayor eficiencia en el proceso de tratamiento ai agua. La aplicación de los campos magnéticos se da de Ia siguiente maneta: Aplicación del campo magnético = (n) gauss / (metro/segundo) donde: (n) son los gauss producidos por el campo magnético o electromagnético. La instalación de campos magnéticos o electromagnéticos se da en diferentes puntos del sistema, en especial en el tanque de aguas grises en la base. De esta manera opera en Ia sedimentación cuando es aplicado el proceso biológico, fa relación sería, a mayor intensidad de gauss mayor efecto de atracción de partículas con cargas magnéticas o eíécíricas en ei agua.The combination of the biological process and the use of magnetic fields to cause greater precipitation in the treatment of water, begins when a stage of the biological process is applied to the gray waters, these microorganisms can cause the particles in the water to aggregate and once added they can settle, to this process the intensity of a magnetic or electromagnetic field is added, this attracts the particles in the water and can magnetize them, these aggregations of solids that cause the turbidity of the water once magnetized can be maintained during the duration of the magnetization. Magnetization from? This is the case in which the biological process has been applied, because without it, this is evident. The function of magnetic fields is to magnetize the particles to retain or sediment them more effectively. Nformafmenie some particles that would take a long time to settle by applying the biological process together with the use of magnetic fields can be achieved in a shorter time. The application of these magnetic or electromagnetic fields can cause a greater precipitation of said solids in the water, this results in a greater precipitation and greater retention of contaminating elements in the water, which can make it more efficient together with conventional processes. The magnetic or electromagnetic aspect is directly related to the biological process, which is applied in the system. This process, which according to our search has not been used to cause greater precipitation than solids than soluble combined with the biological process, is proposed in our invention, this process can contribute to the disinfection of water. The greatest performance in the biological process and application of the magnetic field is presented to not generate residual chemicals in the water. The application of the magnetic fields occurs in the gray water tank at 500 gauss in the face of the positive pole at several points. The use of magnetic or electromagnetic fields do not have side effects that may affect people who use the system or the treatment of water, on the contrary, as already stated in the description, the application of magnetic fields is increasing in the technological development. Our purpose when installing them within the system is to cause greater efficiency in the water treatment process. The application of the magnetic fields is given in the following way: Application of the magnetic field = (n) gauss / (meter / second) where: (n) are the gausses produced by the magnetic or electromagnetic field. The installation of magnetic or electromagnetic fields occurs in different points of the system, especially in the gray water tank at the base. In this way, it operates in the sedimentation when the biological process is applied, the relationship would be, the greater the intensity of gauss, the greater the attraction of particles with magnetic or eiciric charges in the water.
Tratamiento natural
ffesfa ahora hemos explicado un proceso de tratamiento a! agua que en su conjunto permite que efagua sea depurada y pueda volver a ser usada en actividades de aseo principalmente. Este proceso de tratamiento basado en métodos tradicionales ert su mayoría presenta algunas deficiencias tales como químicos residuales y efectos 5 nocivos en el agua. Para el óptimo funcionamiento del sistema, pretendemos integrar diferentes métodos de tratamiento con el fin de garantizar que e! agua generada para diferentes actividades tenga una calidad óptima, sobretodo cuando se trate para personas y animales. El tratamiento natural aplicado al agua a base de extractos de plantas, nace como alternativa a los procesos de tratamiento del agua y complementoNatural treatment ffesfa now we have explained a treatment process to! water that as a whole allows efagua to be purified and can be used again in cleaning activities. This treatment process based on traditional ert methods mostly presents some deficiencies such as residual chemicals and harmful effects on water. For the optimal functioning of the system, we intend to integrate different treatment methods in order to ensure that e! Water generated for different activities has an optimum quality, especially when it comes to people and animals. The natural treatment applied to water based on plant extracts is born as an alternative to the processes of water treatment and complement
10 de fe fase química para la depuración. Mediante el tratamiento natural se pueden reducir la carga de contaminación química en ei agua. Empezaremos ia descripción de este proceso con ias plantas acuáticas. Estas plantas absorben directamente del agua residuaf Tos nutrientes y en algunos casos mefafes pesados, además pueden adsorber del agua elementos contaminantes como dioxido de carbono, fósforo, etc., entre estas10 faith chemical phase for purification. By means of natural treatment, the chemical contamination load in water can be reduced. We will begin the description of this process with aquatic plants. These plants absorb nutrients directly from the wastewater and in some cases heavy mefafes, they can also adsorb contaminants such as carbon dioxide, phosphorus, etc., from the water, among these
¡5 plantas está ei buchón de agua, et potamogetón canadiense. La utilización de estas plantas dentro del sistema solo requiere que sean introducidas durante unas horas y luego sean expuestas al sol para seguir su ciclo vegetal normal. Este tratamiento es conocido y ampliamente usado en aftjunas regiofígs. Seguido a esto explicamos como parte de la patente, un elemento natural extraído de5 plants are the water buchón, et potamogetón canadian. The use of these plants within the system only requires that they be introduced for a few hours and then exposed to the sun to follow their normal plant cycle. This treatment is known and widely used in aftjunas regiofígs. Following this we explain as part of the patent, a natural element extracted from
2& tes plantas que puede flocular elementos contaminantes del agua y servir para mantener el lecho bacteriano. Las sustancias obtenidas de las plantas y usadas en el tratamiento al agua parten del estudio de la farmacognosia. La farmacognosia estudia las drogas en las plantas, teniendo en cuenta que se denomina droga vegetal todo producto natural utilizado en terapéutica y no sometido a ninguna preparación2 & tes plants that can flocculate water pollutants and serve to maintain the bacterial bed. Substances obtained from plants and used in water treatment start from the pharmacognosy study. Pharmacognosy studies drugs in plants, taking into account that any natural product used in therapeutic and not subject to any preparation is called a plant drug
23 farmacéutica. Puede tratarse de una planta entera o parte de una planta (hoja, raíz, corteza y fruto) o puede ser el jugo o látex. Para nuestro caso la farmacognosia se orienta al estudio de los mucopectidos, drogas derivadas de fas pectina que tienen fet propiedad de formar especies de jaleas en contacto con ei agua en la cual se disuelven. Todas las substancias mucilaginosas de las plantas pertenecen a este23 pharmaceutical. It can be an entire plant or part of a plant (leaf, root, bark and fruit) or it can be juice or latex. In our case, pharmacognosy is oriented to the study of mucopectides, drugs derived from fas pectin that have property property of forming jelly species in contact with the water in which they dissolve. All mucilaginous substances of plants belong to this
30 grupo. Muchos mueilagos tienen una estructura química semejante a la de las gomas, estas sustancias pueden ser transformadas en gefes que pueden ser usadas en la coagulación del agua. Cuando son exclusivamente mueilagos Ia disolución en agua es más difícil, ya que esta desempeña un papel semejante ai que cumple el engrudo
eaañ€fo se pone en confacfo con ef agua. Los mucflagos permtfe dos cosas principalmente; una es que puede retener sólidos insotubies en el agua, y otra es que puede ayudar a generar el lecho bacteriano para degradar mediante tratamiento biológico ios sólidos solubles. Lo que se busca es aplicar esta substancia en ei filtro percolador donde se realiza un pretratamiento del agua gris. Esta substancia se mezcla con la médula de tallo de helianthus annus, Moníanoa sp y poiymnea sp, que son introducidas en ei filtro percolador. Esta médula se puede usar como un medio filtrante practico instalado dentro del sistema. Este elemento contiene algunas ventajas con relación a los materiales utilizados convencionalmente, luego de realizar un proceso de cortado y encartuchado este material puede mantener un poro menor a un milímetro. Otra de fas ventajas de este material, es que puede ser favado una y otra vez, cuando se halla saturado puede ser biodegeradado por diferentes métodos. Así este material también soluciona un problema técnico con relación a los filtros de polipropileno. Los muciiagos puede ser extraídos de plantas tales como: Cordia cylindrostachya estos contiene abundante muciiagos debajo de Ia corteza, los frutos que produce esta especie contienen un jugo mucilaginoso , que en algunas especies, como en Cordia alba y cordia lútea, viene a ser una verdadera goma, βaazuma ulmifolia, contiene mucílagos debajo de la corteza principalmente. Plantago fanceofata cuyas semillas contienen sustancias mucifaginosas Linum usitatissimun, Ia substancia mucilaginosa se extrae de las semillas. Hibiscus rosa sinensís, de Ia familia de fas mafváeeas Abelmoschus esculentus, esta planta produce una cápsufa velluda, oscura. Sarauja ursina, esta produce un fruto esférico aplastado que contiene un mucilago transparente, fuertemente azucarado, que contiene numerosas y pequeñas semillas: contiene pectina, sacarosa, glucosa en grado notable de concentración.30 group Many spirits have a chemical structure similar to that of gums, these substances can be transformed into managers that can be used in the coagulation of water. When they are exclusively grinding the dissolution in water is more difficult, since this plays a role similar to that which meets the paste eaañ € fo is put in confacfo with ef water. The mucflagos allow two things mainly; one is that it can retain solid insotubies in water, and another is that it can help generate the bacterial bed to degrade soluble solids by biological treatment. What is sought is to apply this substance in the percolator filter where a gray water pretreatment is performed. This substance is mixed with the stem marrow of helianthus annus, Moníanoa sp and poiymnea sp, which are introduced into the percolator filter. This cord can be used as a practical filter medium installed inside the system. This element contains some advantages in relation to conventionally used materials, after performing a process of cutting and housing this material can maintain a pore smaller than one millimeter. Another of the advantages of this material, is that it can be made again and again, when it is saturated it can be biodegerated by different methods. Thus this material also solves a technical problem in relation to polypropylene filters. The muciiagos can be extracted from plants such as: Cordia cylindrostachya these contains abundant muciiagos under the bark, the fruits that this species produces contain a mucilaginous juice, which in some species, such as in Cordia alba and cordia lutea, becomes a true Gum, βaazuma ulmifolia, contains mucilages mainly under the cortex. Plantago fanceofata whose seeds contain mucifaginous substances Linum usitatissimun, the mucilaginous substance is extracted from the seeds. Hibiscus rosa sinensís, from the family of fas mafváeeas Abelmoschus esculentus, this plant produces a hairy, dark capsule. Sarauja ursina, this produces a crushed spherical fruit that contains a transparent, strongly sugary mucilage, which contains numerous and small seeds: it contains pectin, sucrose, glucose in a remarkable degree of concentration.
Ftircracea cabuya esta especie es aplicada en diferentes casos de medicina popular, esta planta rica en muciiagos, saponinas, azucares, materias resinosas y potasa. Psidium guajava Fam. Myrtaceae, Los frutos contienen mucflagos, pectinas, pequeñas cantidades de prótidos y lípidos, minerales (potasio, calcio, hierro y fósforo, sobre todo) y vitaminas A, B, y especialmente fer C.Ftircracea cabuya this species is applied in different cases of folk medicine, this plant rich in muciiagos, saponins, sugars, resinous matter and potash. Psidium guajava Fam. Myrtaceae, The fruits contain mucflages, pectins, small amounts of protids and lipids, minerals (potassium, calcium, iron and phosphorus, especially) and vitamins A, B, and especially fer C.
Los muciiagos es una sustancia viscosa. Este tipo de muciiagos extraídos de las plantas son neutros: polímeros heterogéneos de mañosa. Por tanto no afectan el agua e» su pH, Io cual garantiza que el tratamiento de depuración sea más eficiente. El
mre€jío de fas pfanfas para fa extracción de los mucilago consiste en el siguiente pwcesG: primero fas plantas se recofectan plantas en buen estado, dependiendo de cada especie se recolectan los elementos productores de mucífagos; semífías, corteza, tallo, pétalos, sépalos, frutos, etc. El siguiente paso consiste en lavar muy bien estos elementos con agua potable o por Io menos desinfectada, luego se desinfectan las plantas sin afectar los principios activos. Estas se pueden colocar en un secador solar o en un horno a temperatura baja, para el secado de Jas plantas, igualmente se usan diferentes métodos muy conocidos. Para el proceso de secado de flores se puede irtifear el sistema para el tratamiento y recirculación del agua, este contiene un tanque para el destilado del agua, en este mismo y sin agua se puede introducir la planta dentro de silica gel y a través de Ia energía sofar puede secar en unas cuantas horas. Una vez se han secado las plantas ya están listas para extraerles el mucilago, lo cual se realiza poniéndolas a hervir en agua potable; luego se vierten en fos tallos de helianthus annus, así este material queda impregno de los mucüagos con Io cual la filtración es más eficiente ocurriendo el proceso descrito junto con el tratamiento biológico. Otro procedimiento para Ia obtención de los mucilagos consiste en la utilización de un tamiz para filtrar Ia mezcla de agua y mucilagos se filtra y se deja enfriar. El molde que se produce de una gel se puede partir en secciones para ser colocadas en los filtros naturales, así se renueva una y otra vez, en filtros fabricados con material natural. Cuando ios mucilagos se obtiene en un molde se compone así, un 60% de gelosa, que es Ia parte del mucilago, cerca de 3.5% de celulosa, materias minerales y orgánicas. Los mucííagos pueden servir como medio para mantener Cultivos bacterianos, que pueden ser cultivados en un medio gelatinoso. Los mucilagos son solubles en agua caliente pero en fría son poco solubles donde forman una ge}, esto es importante para no mezclar el agua con otras substancias. Para este proceso el sistema para tratamiento y recirculación del agua puede calentar el agua por medio de fa bomba de aire y una resistencia.Muciiagos is a viscous substance. This type of muciiagos extracted from plants are neutral: heterogeneous polymers of mañosa. Therefore they do not affect the water and its pH, which guarantees that the treatment of purification is more efficient. He mre € jio of fas pfanfas for the extraction of the mucilage consists of the following pwcesG: first fas plants are re-harvested plants in good condition, depending on each species the mucfagous producing elements are collected; semifías, bark, stem, petals, sepals, fruits, etc. The next step is to wash these elements very well with drinking water or at least disinfected, then the plants are disinfected without affecting the active ingredients. These can be placed in a solar dryer or in a furnace at low temperature, for drying of plants, different well-known methods are also used. For the process of drying flowers, the system for water treatment and recirculation can be irtifed, it contains a tank for water distillation, in this same and without water the plant can be introduced into silica gel and through the energy Sofar can dry in a few hours. Once the plants have dried, they are ready to extract the mucilage, which is done by boiling them in drinking water; then they are poured into fos stems of helianthus annus, so this material is impregnated with the mucüagos with which the filtration is more efficient happening the process described together with the biological treatment. Another procedure for obtaining the mucilages consists in the use of a sieve to filter the mixture of water and mucilages, which is filtered and allowed to cool. The mold that is produced from a gel can be divided into sections to be placed in natural filters, so it is renewed again and again, in filters made of natural material. When the mucilages are obtained in a mold, 60% of gelosa is composed, which is the part of the mucilage, about 3.5% of cellulose, mineral and organic materials. Mucice can serve as a means to maintain bacterial cultures, which can be grown in a gelatinous medium. The mucilages are soluble in hot water but in cold they are poorly soluble where they form a ge}, this is important so as not to mix the water with other substances. For this process the system for water treatment and recirculation can heat the water by means of an air pump and a resistor.
Otra forma para obtener mucilagos de las plantas y al mismo tiempo construir un medio filtrante, es cortar en rodajas muy delgadas fas pfanfas que contienen fos mucífagos, con este material se forman filtros en cartuchos de 5 cm a 10 cm. Así este material natural cumpfe dos funciones una retener sólidos insoiubles en el agua y otra servir como lecho bacteriano, una vez este se halla terminado se puede renovar de diferentes fofmas en los medios filtrantes. Los mucüagos se pueden agregar ai agua en estadoAnother way to obtain mucilages from the plants and at the same time build a filter medium, is to cut into very thin slices fas pfanfas containing phosphite, with this material filters are formed in cartridges of 5 cm to 10 cm. Thus, this natural material fulfills two functions: to retain insoluble solids in the water and another to serve as a bacterial bed, once it is finished it can be renewed from different forms in the filter media. Mucüagos can be added to the state water
Í8
é& gefafína para causar fíocufacíón de ios sólidos insoiubles en el agua. En presencia efe agua se hinchan (hasta 100 veces su peso) formando soluciones viscosas y gefes no adherentes Io cual puede servir para mantener vivo el lecho bacteriano. Estos además contienen una alta reserva energética, esto a su vez sirve de aumento ai lecho bacteriano.Í8 é & gefafína to cause cold insulation of the insoluble solids in the water. In the presence of water, they swell (up to 100 times their weight), forming viscous solutions and non-sticky bosses, which can serve to keep the bacterial bed alive. These also contain a high energy reserve, this in turn serves to increase the bacterial bed.
Además de ia utilización de plantas que contienen muciiagos para ei tratamiento dei agua, se utilizan piantas que contienen substancias tánicas, los taninos son sustancias de origen vegetal que se hallan más comúnmente en las hojas, en las ramas y con mayor porcentaje en Ia corteza algunos arboles. Bajo ei enfoque de Ia farmacognosia 0 tos taninos pueden coagular las albúminas (proteínas), estos pueden precipitar alcaloides por fo cual pueden prevenirse envenenamientos por principios nitrogenados. Estos precipitan algunos elementos pesados de sus sales, como al zinc, ai mercurio, ai plomo, al cobre. Algunos considerados como "taninos patológicos", son el ácido gálico y el ácido tánico y aceptados en Farmacia. Dentro de las propiedades biológica de tos 5 ianϊnos se encuentra Ia de formar compiejos con macromoféculas, especialmente con proteínas (enzimas digestivas y otras, proteínas fúngicas y vírales), mediante esto se pueden sedimentar. Los taninos forman una capa menos hidrófiia que ia misma prσteína en fa superficie de estáλ Jo que ocasiona Ia precipitación, debido a los enlaces entra las moléculas proteicas. Los taninos son drogas que favorecen fa regeneración f> de ios tejidos en caso de heridas o quemaduras superficiales, tienen un efecto antiséptico, antibacteriano y antifúngico. La utilización de los taninos en el tratamiento para el agua tiene dos fines, primero se busca Ia precipitación de elementos contaminantes def agua tales como metales pesados y sólidos insoluoles, Ia segunda es debido a su propiedad antibacterial con el fin de reducir Ia carga orgánica del agua. 5 Esta substancia puede ser aplicada en el sistema de diversas formas, luego de haber aplicado el proceso biológico, se agregan las substancias con taninos en cantidades mínimas para que no afecten el agaa.In addition to the use of plants that contain muciiagos for the treatment of water, piantas containing tannic substances are used, tannins are substances of plant origin that are most commonly found in the leaves, branches and with a higher percentage in the bark some trees. Under the approach of pharmacognosy or tannin coughs can coagulate albumin (proteins), they can precipitate alkaloids so that poisoning by nitrogen principles can be prevented. These precipitate some heavy elements of their salts, such as zinc, ai mercury, ai lead, copper. Some considered "pathological tannins" are gallic acid and tannic acid and accepted in Pharmacy. Within the biological properties of 5 ian nos cough is found to form complexes with macromolecules, especially with proteins (digestive enzymes and others, fungal and viral proteins), by this they can be sedimented. The tannins form a less hydrophilic layer than the same protein on the surface of this λ Jo that causes precipitation, due to the bonds between the protein molecules. Tannins are drugs that favor the regeneration of tissues in case of wounds or superficial burns, have an antiseptic, antibacterial and antifungal effect. The use of tannins in water treatment has two purposes, first the precipitation of water pollutants such as heavy metals and insoluble solids is sought, the second is due to its antibacterial property in order to reduce the organic load of the Water. 5 This substance can be applied in the system in various ways, after applying the biological process, substances with tannins are added in minimum quantities so that they do not affect the agaa.
Los taninos poseen propiedades astringentes. Estos precipitan las proteínas superficiales de fas céfufás, disminuyendo su permeabilidad y originando una capa β proteica insolubre sobre Ia mucosa inflamada, que protege de las sustancias irritantes e impide fas exudaciones y secreción mucosa, así como ia absorción de toxinas bacterianas. Los taninos son extraídos principalmente de: Jygfans neotropíca Jungfans regia Línneo; Droga: Hojas desecadas
Lss stí&siancías tánicas son extraídas por diferentes métodos entre estos, destilación pmra te obtención de aceites esenciates que contienen taninos, una forma más υsuaf es a través de una mezcla de agua con acetona, con este se obtiene un rendimiento óptimo. Los taninos se pueden colocar en medios filtrantes o se pueden colocar secciones de plantas previamente secadas que sirven a su vez como medio filtrante. Estas plantes son conocidas y se encuentran en diferentes partes del mundo, además según Ia farmacognosia estas plantas son utilizadas con diferentes usos medicinales lo que demuestra una conveniencia en materia de efectos en Ia salud de personas y anímales que entren en contacto con el agua. Ta dosificación de los taninos puede ser similar at cloro mí/i, Ia venta de esta substancias radica en su naturaleza te cual no afecta el agua en pequeñas cantidades.Tannins possess astringent properties. These precipitate the superficial proteins of fas céfufás, diminishing their permeability and originating an insoluble protein β layer on the inflamed mucosa, which protects against irritating substances and prevents fas exudations and mucous secretion, as well as the absorption of bacterial toxins. Tannins are extracted mainly from: Jygfans neotropíca Jungfans regia Línneo; Drug: Dried leaves Lss stí & tannic siancías are extracted by different methods among these, distillation pmra you obtain essential oils that contain tannins, a more υsuaf way is through a mixture of water with acetone, with this you get an optimal performance. Tannins can be placed in filter media or sections of previously dried plants can be placed, which in turn serve as a filter medium. These plants are known and are found in different parts of the world, also according to the pharmacognosy these plants are used with different medicinal uses which demonstrates a convenience in terms of effects on the health of people and animals that come into contact with water. The dosage of tannins may be similar to chlorine me / i, the sale of this substance lies in its nature, which does not affect water in small quantities.
La flor de heiianthus annus, más exactamente Ia parte de Ia flor sin pétalos. Hace parte del proceso de tratamiento Ia agua, esta posee propiedades similares a fas del carbón activado, es importante recordar que el carbón activado proviene de Ia cascara de coco, ϊa cascara de nuez y aserrín de maderas duras todas convertidas en carbón, El heiianthus annus permanece expuesta al sol durante tiempo prolongado Io que Ia convierte en un carbón, como es sabido varías clases de carbón son utilizadas en ei proceso de tratamiento al agua. De esta manera Ia parte del hefianthus annus sirve para filtrar el agua de manera más eficiente. Para su utilización esta se encuentra en filtros empacada en diferentes partes del sistema. Además del heiianthus annus, se utiliza hojas de heléchos secos, junto con tréboles, el helécho contiene a su vez taninos y por otro ladσ puede retener substancias como arsénico en bajas concentraciones, ios tréboles por su parte recogen grasas como Ia de los jabones. Para Ia filtración eJ sistema para el tratamiento al agua se utilizan también carbón de eucalipto y carbón de g€jadua, estos tipos de carbones son más finos que los de madera comunes, su efectividad radica en esta característica. Estos materiales son ya conocidos y se han utilizado en diferentes procesos de filtración para el agua. Además se utiliza ei Cocus nucífera, esta cascara es Murada y se usa como medio filtrante. Como hemos descrito en varias ocasiones este material hace parte del carbón activado, por lo cual se te atribuyen cualidades de adsorción de elementos contaminantes en el agua. La filtración con este materia también contribuye con Ja retención de sólidos insoluoles en el agua residual. El carbón vegetal de Ia madera de eucalipto es un remedio muy apreciado enThe flower of heiianthus annus, more exactly the part of the flower without petals. It is part of the water treatment process, it has properties similar to activated carbon, it is important to remember that activated carbon comes from coconut husk, ϊa nut shell and hardwood sawdust all converted to coal, The heiianthus annus it remains exposed to the sun for a long time, which makes it a coal, as it is known several kinds of coal are used in the water treatment process. In this way the part of the hefianthus annus serves to filter the water more efficiently. For use this is found in filters packed in different parts of the system. In addition to heiianthus annus, dried fern leaves are used, together with clovers, the fern in turn contains tannins and on the other ladσ can retain substances such as arsenic in low concentrations, the clovers in turn collect fats such as Ia from soaps. For the filtration of the water treatment system, eucalyptus coal and g € jadua coal are also used, these types of coals are finer than those of common wood, their effectiveness lies in this characteristic. These materials are already known and have been used in different filtration processes for water. In addition, the Nucus Cocus is used, this shell is Murada and is used as a filter medium. As we have described on several occasions this material is part of the activated carbon, for which you are attributed qualities of adsorption of pollutants in water. Filtration with this material also contributes to the retention of insoluble solids in wastewater. The charcoal of eucalyptus wood is a very popular remedy in
2ft
irtoxieacíones accfdentafes (por veneno, alimentos en mal estado, setas venenosas), actuando como un antídoto universal, y en caso de colitis, diarrea y disbacteriosϊs o fermentaciones intestinales, absorbiendo las toxinas intestinales producidas por ios gérmenes patógenos. Como ultimo proceso de tratamiento al agua se puede utilizar plantas que contienen diferentes principios activos. El sistema para el tratamiento del agua posee un sistema que puede extraer tales principios de las llamadas plantas aromáticas, con el fin de impregnar el agua de una agradable olor y hacer más agradable el baño diario. Estos principios pueden ser mezclados con vinagre de manzanas, además este proceso es bien conocido por Ia medicina alternativa.2ft Accfdentafes rtoxieacíones (by poison, spoiled food, poisonous mushrooms), acting as a universal antidote, and in case of colitis, diarrhea and dysbacteriaϊs or intestinal fermentations, absorbing intestinal toxins produced by pathogenic germs. As the last water treatment process, plants containing different active ingredients can be used. The water treatment system has a system that can extract such principles from the so-called aromatic plants, in order to impregnate the water with a pleasant smell and make the daily bath more pleasant. These principles can be mixed with apple cider vinegar, in addition this process is well known for alternative medicine.
Al mismo tiempo dentro del sistema se aplica la llamada aromaterapia que es una rama de Ia medicina alternativa que utiliza los aceites esenciales de ciertas plantas como método terapéutico para promover Ia salud en procesos físicos y anímicos. Para este fin se agregan al agua diferentes aceites esenciales que entran en contacto con eϊ cuerpo cuando se utiliza el agua para ducharse, además en el lavado de ropa puede tener un efecto aromatizante.At the same time within the system the so-called aromatherapy is applied, which is a branch of alternative medicine that uses the essential oils of certain plants as a therapeutic method to promote health in physical and mood processes. To this end, different essential oils are added to the water that come into contact with the body when the water is used for showering, in addition to washing clothes it can have a flavoring effect.
Tratamiento para otros disolventesTreatment for other solvents
Para el proceso de tratamiento de otros disolventes tales como Ia gasolina, el thinner y el varsol se utiliza el mismo proceso convencional aplicado para Ia purificación del agua debido a que su contaminación es similar con sustancias semejantes como; metales, arenas, sólidos, grasas, etc. De manera tal que este sistema puede tratar tales disolventes extrayendo materiales contaminantes, a través de medios físicos básicamente filtración compuesta por elementos minerales y naturales. La propuesta de nuestra invención es que se use un sistema para tratar el agua y otra para estos disolventes, pero basados en igual diseño. Ei principio de Ia recirculación se aplicada no solamente ai agua sino también a otros disolventes. Ef tratamiento, control, uso y manejo en estos disolventes como recursos también plantean una problemática Ia escasez y agotamiento de recursos por Ia tasa de extracción y posterior contaminación. La contaminación del agua también tiene que ver con disolventes derivados tíeí petróleo. La finalidad de Ia reutilización de disolventes se da para actividades de lavado de maquinaria y autos principalmente, así eí sistema aplica el concepto de recirculación para los disolventes que se pueden tratar a través de procesos, físicos, químicos y
rrstefafes tanto bíofógícos como a partir de substancias vegetales, para posteriormente ser retrtíϊízadbs.For the process of treating other solvents such as gasoline, thinner and varsol, the same conventional process used for water purification is used because its contamination is similar with similar substances such as; metals, sands, solids, fats, etc. So that this system can treat such solvents by extracting contaminating materials, through physical means basically filtration composed of mineral and natural elements. The proposal of our invention is to use a system to treat water and another for these solvents, but based on the same design. The principle of recirculation is applied not only to water but also to other solvents. Ef treatment, control, use and management in these solvents as resources also pose a problem the scarcity and depletion of resources due to the extraction rate and subsequent contamination. Water pollution also has to do with solvents derived from oil. The purpose of the reuse of solvents is mainly for machine and car wash activities, so the system applies the concept of recirculation to solvents that can be treated through processes, physical, chemical and rrstefafes both biophobic and from plant substances, to later be retrtíϊízadbs.
De igual manera se utiliza tallo de helianthus annus para Ta filtración de dichos disolventes a estos se le pueden agregar substancias tánicas para precipitar metalesSimilarly, a stem of helianthus annus is used for filtration of these solvents to which tannins can be added to precipitate metals.
5 pesados. Además de estas substancias se usan materiales como Cocus nucífera, aserrín de maderas duras, carbón de eucaliptos y de guadua, debido a que estos pueden retener metales pesados así como otros contaminantes que impiden que estos disolventes puedan ser usados en actividades de lavado principalmente. Los mucilagos no son usados en el tratamiento de estos disolventes ya que no tiene efecto de5 heavy. In addition to these substances, materials such as Cocus nucifer, hardwood sawdust, eucalyptus and guadua coal are used, because they can retain heavy metals as well as other contaminants that prevent these solvents from being used in washing activities mainly. Mucilages are not used in the treatment of these solvents since it has no effect of
W depuración.W debugging.
Al igual que en el tratamiento para el agua se plantea Ia utilización de campos magnéticos o electromagnéticos para causar una mayor y más rápida precipitación de elementos contaminantes en estos disolventes. Algunos metales pueden ser extraídos por magnetismos y segundo con la utilización de campos magnéticos oAs in the treatment for water, the use of magnetic or electromagnetic fields is proposed to cause greater and faster precipitation of contaminating elements in these solvents. Some metals can be extracted by magnetisms and second with the use of magnetic fields or
15 electromagnéticos se observa una acumulación del material contaminantes alrededor de estos, Io cual puede ser explicado a través de las cargas magnéticas que poseen ios elementos que contaminan ios disolventes.The electromagnetic accumulation of pollutants around them is observed, which can be explained by the magnetic charges that possess the elements that pollute the solvents.
Finalmente Ia invención plantea un diseño integral de un sistema, donde se pueden combinar métodos convencionales así como alternativos compuestos por procesosFinally, the invention proposes an integral design of a system, where conventional as well as alternative methods composed of processes can be combined
20 naturales y la aplicación de campos magnéticos para Ia depuración de disolventes como el agua y derivados del petróleo, siempre que se usen por separado. Este sistema no solamente sirve para Ia depuración de disolventes sino que además puede contener los elementos donde se realiza el aseo diario de personas y animales. El diseño de este sistema puede ser utilizado también para el lavado de piezas que20 natural and the application of magnetic fields for the purification of solvents such as water and petroleum derivatives, provided they are used separately. This system not only serves for the purification of solvents but also can contain the elements where the daily cleaning of people and animals is performed. The design of this system can also be used for washing parts that
25 contienen grasa y arena que se íavan con disolventes como gasolina, thinner y varsol.25 contain grease and sand that are washed with solvents such as gasoline, thinner and varsol.
8. Descripción detallada de Ia invención8. Detailed description of the invention
Explicamos aquí con mayor detalle como funciona el sistema, hacemos referencia de como purifica agua y otros disolventes siempre y cuando se use un sistema para cada 30 caso. Se explica como el diseño del sistema junto con el proceso alternativo puede tratar el agua u otros disolventes derivados del petróleo. Generalizamos Ia palabra disolventes haciendo referencia a thinner, varsol, gasolina etc. el agua que puede tratar el sistema es de dos clases aguas grises y aguas residuales, las aguas tratadas se
reεiffffzan para actividades de aseo no como agua potable, en ef caso de aguas grises esfaá' se- podran reutífizar para ef favado def cuerpo o de Jas manos, para ef caso de aguas residuales exceptuando las aguas del sanitario se reutilizan para ef lavado de ropa, pisos, uso de ia cisterna, lavado de autos etc. Ei proceso y funcionamiento del 5 sistema para el tratamiento y Ia recirculación de agua y otros disolventes, comienza cuando el agua u otro disolvente es vertido dentro de este. En la figura número 2 se muestra un perfil que abarca en su totalidad el funcionamiento del sistema, esta figura muestra una estructura principal 1 que puede ser usado como una cabina de lavado, en este caso hexagonal ai cual se accede por Ia puerta 2, una vez utilizada el agua u otro l& disolvente pasa por paneles 3 que contienen resinas catiónicas y amónicas, estas pueden tener diferentes calibres. Ei agua u otro disolvente pasa ahora a una trampa para grasas y jabones 4, en esta se separan algunas grasas y jabones, además de sedimentar algunas partículas sólidas y retener el paso de otras. Cuando ef disolvente utilizado se trata de agua en esta trampa para grasas 4 comienza un proceso biológico f 5 cuando se vierte una mezcla contenida en el envase magnético 5, Esta mezcla permite la floculación de sólidos en suspensión y otras partículas. Luego el agua u otro effesfvenfe pasa lentamente por ef codo 6 y de allí a una tubería que posee campos magnéticos o efecfromagnéticos 7 unidos exteriormente. Con esto se busca una mayor floculación de partículas contaminantes de los disolventes. Ef agua u otro disolventeWe explain here in more detail how the system works, we refer to how it purifies water and other solvents as long as a system is used for every 30 cases. It is explained how the design of the system together with the alternative process can treat water or other solvents derived from petroleum. We generalize the word solvents referring to thinner, varsol, gasoline etc. The water that the system can treat is of two kinds gray water and wastewater, the treated water is reεiffffzan for cleaning activities not as drinking water, in the case of gray water esfaá 'they can be reused for eff favado def body or Jas hands, for ef case of wastewater except the sanitary waters are reused for washing clothes , floors, use of the tank, car wash etc. The process and operation of the system for the treatment and recirculation of water and other solvents, begins when the water or other solvent is poured into it. Figure 2 shows a profile that fully covers the operation of the system, this figure shows a main structure 1 that can be used as a washing cabin, in this case hexagonal which is accessed through door 2, a Once the water or other solvent is used, it goes through panels 3 that contain cationic and ammonium resins, these can have different calibers. The water or other solvent now goes into a trap for fats and soaps 4, in which some fats and soaps are separated, in addition to sedimenting some solid particles and retaining the passage of others. When the solvent used is water in this grease trap 4, a biological process f 5 begins when a mixture contained in the magnetic container 5 is poured. This mixture allows the flocculation of suspended solids and other particles. Then the water or other effesfvenfe passes slowly through the elbow 6 and from there to a pipe that has externally attached magnetic or effecfromagnetic fields 7. This seeks greater flocculation of contaminant particles from solvents. Ef water or other solvent
20 llega al filtro percolador 8, este posee en su interior diferentes medios filtrantes minerales como naturales, y cuando se trata de agua este contiene muciíagos. El agua u otro disolvente comienza lentamente a depositarse en ef tanque para el agua gris o residual u otros disolventes 9, este tiene en el fondo campos magnéticos o electromagnéticos 7 para causar una mayor precipitación de los sólidos solubles e20 reaches the percolator filter 8, it has different mineral and natural filter media inside, and when it comes to water it contains muciiagos. Water or other solvent slowly begins to deposit in ef tank for gray or wastewater or other solvents 9, it has in the background magnetic or electromagnetic fields 7 to cause greater precipitation of soluble solids and
25 inβolubles que pueden ser magnetizados, así como para eliminar la dureza del agua. En este tanque ef agua u otros disolventes reciben un proceso de aireación a través de la bomba para aire 10, aire que se bombea con Ia ayuda de los cheques de paso 11 y que pasa por el filtro para aire 12 para que este en estado más puro. Este filtro contiene además una resistencia para que el aire caliente el agua y tanto el proceso biológico25 inβ soluble that can be magnetized, as well as to eliminate water hardness. In this tank ef water or other solvents receive an aeration process through the air pump 10, air that is pumped with the help of the pass checks 11 and that passes through the air filter 12 so that it is in a more state pure. This filter also contains a resistance for the air to heat the water and both the biological process
3& como Ia mezcal con muciíagos en el agua sea más eficiente. El aire se introduce en el agua u otros disolventes mediante fa tubería de aireación 13, esto causa flotación o mayor precipitación de los sólidos solubles e insolubles en el aguas u otros disolventes, además se presenta un intercambio de gases por oxigeno. Los gases que
eseapan por ía oxigenación safen por ef desfogue de gases 14. Una vez el agua ha líenadb ef tanque para ef agua gris o resfduaf u otros disolventes residuales 9, si es el caso de agua, se analiza si es necesario aplicar un proceso químico para causar uπa mayor precipitación de los sólidos solubles e insolubies, este paso se puede aplicar 5 conjunto con fa aireación, af mismo tiempo se pueden usar substancias como mucϊlagos y substancias tánicas para mayor precipitar material contaminante en él agαa. Cuando se ha sedimentado completamente las aguas grises, residuales u otro disolvente se pueden cerrar las persianas 15 para separar los fangos del agua o titsolvente sedimentado, estas persianas se cierran mediante las poleas para persianas3 & how the mezcal with muciiagos in the water is more efficient. The air is introduced into the water or other solvents by means of the aeration pipe 13, this causes flotation or greater precipitation of the soluble and insoluble solids in the water or other solvents, in addition there is an exchange of gases for oxygen. The gases that That is due to the oxygenation safen due to the flue gas discharge 14. Once the water has been flushed out of the tank for gray water or wastewater or other residual solvents 9, if it is the case of water, it is analyzed whether it is necessary to apply a chemical process to cause uπa greater precipitation of soluble and insoluble solids, this step can be applied together with aeration, at the same time substances such as mucϊlagos and tannic substances can be used to further precipitate polluting material in it agαa. When gray, sewage or other solvent waters have completely settled, the blinds 15 can be closed to separate the sludge from the sedimented water or titsolvent, these blinds are closed by the blind pulleys
W 16.W 16.
El siguiente paso consiste en abrir el registro de salida de agua o disolvente sedimentado 17, el agua o disolvente sedimentado es conducido hacia la caja de paso 18 mostrada en Ia figura 1, esta caja contiene en su interior plata esterilizada 19 que se utiliza como medio para eliminar bacterias. El agua o disolvente sedimentado esThe next step is to open the outlet register of sedimented water or solvent 17, the sedimented water or solvent is led to the passage box 18 shown in Figure 1, this box contains in its interior sterilized silver 19 which is used as a medium To eliminate bacteria. The sedimented water or solvent is
15 succionado por fa bomba para agua 20. El agua o disolvente sedimentado pasa por Ia caja de luz ultravioleta 21, cuando se trata de agua se utiliza para desinfección del sφv^t y oxidación de material biológico, esta luz UV se conecte mediante Ia toma de corriente 22. Ef agua clara y desinfectada o disolvente sedimentado es transportado por medio del tubo 23 al tanque almacenador de agua desinfectada o disolvente15 sucked by a water pump 20. The water or sedimented solvent passes through the ultraviolet light box 21, when it is water it is used for disinfection of the sφv ^ t and oxidation of biological material, this UV light is connected through the outlet of stream 22. Ef clear and disinfected water or sedimented solvent is transported through tube 23 to the storage tank of disinfected water or solvent
2ü sedimentado 24, este tanque puede ser portátil y movible según el diseño del sistema, una vez este tanque se ha llenado se abre ef registro-universal de safida 25 par» que ef disolvente pase por un filtro lento 26 Ef tamaño del filtro varia entre 10 y 40 pulgadas de íorrgiíud. La granulometría de Ia arena puede ser entre 0,3 a 0,6 mm y un coeficiente de uniformidad no mayor a 3,5. El disolvente sale por Ia unión de Ia universal 27. Este filtro2ü sedimented 24, this tank can be portable and movable according to the design of the system, once this tank has been filled it opens the universal safida register 25 pairs »which ef solvent passes through a slow filter 26 Ef filter size varies between 10 and 40 inches of írrgiíud. The granulometry of the sand can be between 0.3 to 0.6 mm and a uniformity coefficient not greater than 3.5. The solvent exits through the union of the universal 27. This filter
25 esta compuesto por materiales minerales y naturales que hacen más eficiente Ia filtración, el mantenimiento de este se realiza con retrolavado, permitiendo que sea desmontado fácilmente mediante las universales 25 y 27 que lo unen af sistema. Ef disolvente filtrado se va almacenando en el tanque almacenador de disolventes filtrados 28. Para mantener regufado ef niveí de agua en fos tanques se revisa eí25 is composed of mineral and natural materials that make filtration more efficient, the maintenance of this is done with backwash, allowing it to be easily disassembled by means of the universal 25 and 27 that join it af system. Ef filtered solvent is stored in the storage tank of filtered solvents 28. To maintain regufado ef level of water in these tanks, check the
30 indicador de nivel del agua 29. Una vez el disolvente ha sido tratado y almacenado, se procede a evacuar fos fangos def tanque para ef agua residual u otros disolventes residuales 9, mediante el registro de salida de fangos 30, así mismo se puede evacuar tas- residuos de Ia trampa para grasas y jabones 4 mediante ei registro de salida de
grasan y jabones 3T. Hasta este paso se completa el proceso de tratamiento al agua u otrσ disolvente mecffante un proceso íntegraf de depuración, una vez el agua o disolvente esta almacenado listo para ser usado, si es ef caso de agua se ie agregan principios activos de plantas aromáticas, este paso se realiza con una prensa-tornillo 32, esta puede extraer los principios activos para ser agregados al agua mediante Ia llave de goteo 33.30 water level indicator 29. Once the solvent has been treated and stored, we proceed to evacuate the sludge from the tank for wastewater or other residual solvents 9, by means of the sludge output register 30, likewise it can be evacuated tas-residues of the trap for fats and soaps 4 through the output register of 3T grease and soaps. Until this step the process of treatment of water or other solvent mecffante is completed an integral process of purification, once the water or solvent is stored ready to be used, if it is the case of water, active ingredients of aromatic plants are added, this step is carried out with a screw press 32, this can extract the active principles to be added to the water by means of the drip key 33.
Coando se tiene lista el agua u otro disolvente para ser usado en el lavado, se utiliza Ia bomba manual para agua 34, Ia cual lleva el agua a Ia tubería 35. El agua u otro disolvente sale finalmente por una regadera 36. Una vez el agua u otro disolvente ha llegado a este paso, sufre el mismo proceso de tratamiento. Para mayor eficiencia en Ia desinfección del agua se puede aplicar ozono en el tanque almacenador 28 de disolventes filtrados, esto se puede realizar con el sistema generador de ozono mostrado en Ia figura 5, este puede funcionar mecánica o eléctricamente. Cuando se trata de recircular agua para el lavado del cuerpo o las manos se debe recircuiar 1 vez, el agua usada inicialmente debe ser potable, la segunda vez que se recircule el agua se destina a otras actividades de lavado como por ejemplo ropa, pisos y para Ia cisterna, etc. Para realizar estas actividades el sistema posee una salida para manguera 37 ubicada en Ia encima de Ia bomba para agua 20 y junto a Ia bomba manual 34. Para esta operación se debe cerrar el registro de paso 38. una vez se ha completado este proceso de recirculación, el sistema puede ser alimentado por medio del registro de entrada de agua potable 39 que también se ve en fa figura 1. A su vez en Ia figura 3 se muestra el sistema con un recipiente de lavado 40 adherido a la cabina de lavado 1, este puede funcionar a través de Ia bomba para agua de píe 41 con Ia ayuda de los cheques de paso 11, esta bomba alimenta una llave para recipiente de lavado 42 mediante el sistema hidráulico 43. Este recipiente posee un desagüe 44 <pe ffeva el agua u otro disolvente a Ia trampa para grasas 4. Así el agua o disolvente pasa por el proceso de tratamiento descrito anteriormente. Otro elemento adaptado a\ sistema es un segundo recipiente para lavados especiales 45, que se utiliza para clasificar líquidos o simiíares que no deben mezclarse con fas aguas grises o disolventes residuales, este liquido sale directamente al desagite 4©.When the water or other solvent is ready to be used for washing, the manual water pump 34 is used, which brings the water to the pipe 35. The water or other solvent finally comes out through a shower 36. Once the Water or other solvent has reached this step, undergoes the same treatment process. For greater efficiency in the disinfection of water, ozone can be applied in the storage tank 28 of filtered solvents, this can be done with the ozone generating system shown in Figure 5, this can work mechanically or electrically. When it comes to recirculating water for washing the body or hands, it must be recirculated once, the water used initially must be potable, the second time the water is recirculated it is used for other washing activities such as clothes, floors and for the cistern, etc. To carry out these activities, the system has an outlet for hose 37 located on top of the water pump 20 and next to the manual pump 34. For this operation, the step register 38 must be closed. Once this process has been completed recirculation, the system can be fed by means of the drinking water inlet register 39 which is also seen in figure 1. At the same time in figure 3 the system is shown with a washing container 40 adhered to the washing cabin 1 , this can work through the pump for standing water 41 with the help of the step checks 11, this pump feeds a key for washing container 42 by means of the hydraulic system 43. This container has a drain 44 <pe ffeva the water or other solvent to the grease trap 4. Thus the water or solvent goes through the treatment process described above. Another element adapted to the system is a second container for special washes 45, which is used to classify liquids or similar which should not be mixed with gray water or residual solvents, this liquid goes directly to the drain 4 ©.
Otro de tos proceso para tratar el agua en el sistema para el tratamiento y Ia recirculación del agua, mostrado en Ia figura 2 y 3, es Ia destilación mediante el tanque destilador para agua doméstico 47, este puede funcionar con energía solar o calorífica,Another process to treat the water in the system for the treatment and recirculation of the water, shown in Figures 2 and 3, is the distillation by means of the distillation tank for domestic water 47, this can work with solar or heat energy,
2S
eí agua desfilada se almacena gota a gota en el tanque para agua destilada 48, esta agaa se puede utilizar a través de Ia llave para agua destilada 49. Este tanque destilador 47 puede servir para el secado de flores que se utilizan posteriormente en el tratamiento para el agua, para tal efecto no debe contener agua y las flores deben estar en silica gel. Finalmente el sistema para el tratamiento del agua se traslada mediante fácilmente mediante Ia base 50 que posee ruedas.2S The distilled water is stored dropwise in the tank for distilled water 48, this agaa can be used through the key for distilled water 49. This distiller tank 47 can be used for drying flowers that are subsequently used in the treatment for Water, for this purpose, must not contain water and the flowers must be in silica gel. Finally, the water treatment system is easily moved by means of the base 50 that has wheels.
Terminadas las etapas de tratamiento y purificación del agua u otros disolventes, el sistema entra en el proceso de aseo y mantenimiento. Primero este inicia con el lavado de Pos medios filtrantes 8 y 26 a través del retrolavado, Ia tapa-piso 51 del tanque 9, se puede levantar lavar este tanque. De Ia misma manera se puede asear el sistema hidráulico y los tanques de almacenamiento del agua que se pueden desmontar y desarmar. Otra de las actividades correspondientes al mantenimiento es el cambio del medio filtrante ya sea mineral o natural, este tiene una vida útil de acuerdo al uso diario que se Ie de al sistema. En Ia figura 4 muestra ei sistema para el tratamiento y Ia recirculación del agua, contenido en una cabina para baño 1, esta forma de Ia invención puede ser usada como una ducha mediante Ia regadera 36 para ser usada por personas y animales siempre qμe se use independientemente, Ia regadera surte agua mediante Ia bomba manual para agua 34, esta cabina tiene adherido un lavamanos 40 que se surte de agua con Ia llave 42, esta funciona con Ia bomba de pie 41, este lavamanos también puede ser usado para el lavado de lagunas prendas de vestir, al mismo tiempo este sistema muestra un destilador de agua 47 que surte una llave 49, esta agua puede ser usada en ef lavado bucal, esta actividad se debe realizar en el recipiente de lavado especial 45 para no mezclar con las aguas grises. Esta figura muestra además una silla 52, que puede ser usada por cualquier persona y en especial con díscapacídad en los miembros inferiores. Esta silla se desliza medrante las guías 53, que permiten su desplazamiento, el sistema posee una salida para manguera 37 conectada a Ia bomba manual para agua 34 que puede ser usada por las personas que usan Ia silla 52. Otro elemento que contiene el sistema es un radio parlante 54 para ambientar el aseo diario de las personas. En este sistema se aplica el proceso de tratamiento y recirculación del sgüa gris, explicado en Ia figura 2, Ia recirculación del agua se debe hacer 1 vez. En esta figura se muestra también como el sistema de tratamiento y recirculación del agtfa se Ie adapta una cisterna y un recolector de orina 56. El sistema puede proveer de
agua aí tanque alimentador de cisterna 55, mediante Ia salida para manguera 37. Para esta operación ef registro de paso 38 debe estar cerrado. Un elemento que hace parte del sistema es el recolector de orina 56, este contiene un filtro percolador 8 con elementos naturales y minerales para retener elementos que pueden afectar el agua residual que sale del sistema, este recolector se mantiene limpio y no genera olores cuando se vierte el contenido en el envase magnético 5, que contiene un cultivo bacteriano y puede eliminar ciertos olores que produce Ia orina. Este recolector de orina puede ser graduado según Ia altura mediante Ia extensión graduable 57 gtre funciona como una antena. Finalmente Ia orina es evacuada por medio del drenaje 59 af abrir ef registro de drenaje 58. De igual manera el aseo de este se realiza con Ia manguera de lavado 37.Once the treatment and purification stages of water or other solvents are finished, the system enters the cleaning and maintenance process. First this starts with the washing of Pos filter media 8 and 26 through the backwash, the floor cover 51 of the tank 9, it can be lifted to wash this tank. In the same way you can clean the hydraulic system and water storage tanks that can be disassembled and disassembled. Another activity corresponding to maintenance is the change of the filter medium, whether mineral or natural, it has a useful life according to the daily use of the system. In Figure 4 shows the system for the treatment and recirculation of water, contained in a bathroom cabin 1, this form of the invention can be used as a shower by means of the shower 36 to be used by people and animals provided that it is used independently, the shower supplies water by means of the manual water pump 34, this cabin has a sink 40 that is filled with water with the key 42, this works with the foot pump 41, this sink can also be used for washing Some garments, at the same time this system shows a water distiller 47 that supplies a faucet 49, this water can be used in oral wash, this activity must be carried out in the special wash container 45 so as not to mix with the waters gray This figure also shows a chair 52, which can be used by anyone and especially with a disability in the lower limbs. This chair slides through the guides 53, which allow its displacement, the system has a hose outlet 37 connected to the manual water pump 34 that can be used by people using the chair 52. Another element that contains the system is a talking radius 54 to set the daily cleanliness of people. In this system, the gray shading treatment and recirculation process is applied, explained in Figure 2, the water recirculation must be done once. This figure also shows how the agtfa treatment and recirculation system adapts a cistern and a urine collector 56. The system can provide water to the tank feed tank 55, by means of the outlet for hose 37. For this operation ef step register 38 must be closed. An element that is part of the system is the urine collector 56, this contains a percolator filter 8 with natural and mineral elements to retain elements that can affect the residual water that leaves the system, this collector is kept clean and does not generate odors when it is Pour the contents into the magnetic container 5, which contains a bacterial culture and can eliminate certain odors produced by the urine. This urine collector can be graduated according to the height by means of the adjustable extension 57 gtre functions as an antenna. Finally, the urine is evacuated through the drain 59 to open the drain register 58. In the same way, the cleaning of this is done with the washing hose 37.
Finalmente en Ia figura 5 se muestra como el sistema para el tratamiento y Ia recirculación deí agua y otros disolventes, puede funcionar a partir de un sistema eólico. Este sistema se incorpora a Ia cabina de lavado 1 mediante Ia base estructura de soporte 60 que se sujeta a Ia base con ruedas 50 de la cabina de lavado con Ia platina 61, en Ia parte superior de Ia estructura hay una hélice 62 que posee ert el centro una rueda de caucho 63, junto a esta hay una polea patín 64 que se desliza por Ia guía 65,, al a|ustar el tensor 66 y mediante fa barra flexible 67 que se adherida sujeta en el punto 68. Esta polea patín tiene sujeta una polea de doble canal 69 que hace mover las correas 70 y 71 . Cuando la correa 70 gira pone en funcionamiento otra polea 72 que hace funcionar un alternador 73 de 12 voltios/70 amperios, el cual tiene conectado una bobina de 1500 amperios 74. Este alternador produce una chispa eléctrica dentro de un tubo de cobre 75 por donde pasa una corriente de aire impulsado por Ia bomba para aire 10, así se genera ozono para Ia desinfección del agua, este se pmúe introducir en el tanque de disolventes filtrados 28. La energía del alternador puede ser utilizada para generar un campo electromagnético 7 que se incorpora en el sistema para el tratamiento para el agua. Cuando se mueve Ia correa principal 71, Ia cual transmite su movimiento a la bomba para agua 20 mediante Ia polea 76. Este sistema bombea el agua para Ia recirculación, si solo se desea introducir ozono en ef agua Ia correa de Ia polea principal 71 se puede desmontar de tal manera que solo funcione el alternador 73.Finally in Figure 5 it is shown how the system for the treatment and recirculation of water and other solvents, can work from a wind system. This system is incorporated into the washing booth 1 by means of the support structure base 60 that is attached to the base with wheels 50 of the washing booth with the plate 61, in the upper part of the structure there is a propeller 62 that has ert The center is a rubber wheel 63, next to it there is a skid pulley 64 that slides along the guide 65 ,, when using the tensioner 66 and by means of the flexible bar 67 that is attached attached at point 68. This skid pulley It has a double channel 69 pulley that makes the belts 70 and 71 move. When the belt 70 rotates, it starts another pulley 72 that operates a 12 volt / 70 amp alternator 73, which has a 1500 amp 74 coil connected. This alternator produces an electric spark inside a copper tube 75 through which an air current passes through the air pump 10, so ozone is generated for the disinfection of the water, this is then introduced into the filtered solvent tank 28. The alternator energy can be used to generate an electromagnetic field 7 that is Incorporates into the system for water treatment. When the main belt 71 is moved, which transmits its movement to the water pump 20 by means of the pulley 76. This system pumps the water for the recirculation, if it is only desired to introduce ozone into the water the belt of the main pulley 71 is can be disassembled in such a way that only alternator 73 works.
Ejercicio de muestreo
Papa €femostrar el funcionamiento efectivo del sistema para el tratamiento y Ia mckcüfación def agua y otros disolventes, realizamos una prueba CALIDAD DEL AGUA Constituyente Concentración ml/lSampling exercise Papa € to demonstrate the effective operation of the system for the treatment and the mckcüfación def water and other solvents, we perform a test QUALITY OF WATER Constituent Concentration ml / l
1. Bacterias (BHOOmI) Coliformes 01. Bacteria (BHOOmI) Coliforms 0
2. Orgánicos2. Organic
Demanda bioquímica de oxigeno a 5 días y a 20 (DBO5 a 200C) 0 Grasa 0Biochemical oxygen demand at 5 days and at 20 (BOD5 at 20 0 C) 0 Fat 0
3. Reacción PH 6,53. PH 6.5 reaction
4. Físicas Turbiedad 5 Sólidos suspendidos 404. Physical Turbidity 5 Suspended solids 40
5. Químicas p.p.m. metales 0,015. Chemicals p.p.m. metals 0.01
Nitrógeno total (como N) 5Total Nitrogen (as N) 5
Nitritos 0Nitrites 0
Nitratos 0Nitrates 0
Fósforo total (como P) 2 Cloruros 5
Total phosphorus (as P) 2 Chlorides 5
Claims
Reivindicaciones f . Sistema para ei tratamiento y Ia recirculación del agua y otros disolventes, caracterizado porque integra procesos físicos, químicos, naturales y biológicos, para 5 el tratamiento de las aguas grises, este sistema comprende: a) Una cabina ducha portátil que se puede armar y desarmar de manera practica, además su diseño permite reciclar, tratar y recircutar las aguas grises. b) Un lavamanos movible incorporado a Ia cabina ducha según el diseño. c) Una silla que se desplaza horizontal y verticalmeπte. $ cf) Un sistema recolector de orina para genero masculino y femenino que se puede graduar y mover, que además posee medio filtrantes naturafes para disminuir ϊa contaminación en las aguas residuales. e) Medios futrantes que contienen elementos naturales (vegetales), usados para ei filtrado del agua, a su vez en este se aplican substancias naturafes. 5 f) Un tanque para aguas grises, donde se aplica simultáneamente procesos físicos, biológicos, químicos y naturales para Ia depuración de aguas grises, g) Campos magnéticos o electromagnéticos que funcionan a diferentes intensidades y qye se combina con eí proceso bíoíógico para depurar el agua, además de incidir en ef fecho bacteriano. 0 h) Un sistema hidráulico de bombeo que permite Ia recirculación del agua en ei sistema, i) Un sistema eólico que hace funcionar las bombas para agua y aire, además de un sistema para generar ozono.Claims f. System for the treatment and recirculation of water and other solvents, characterized in that it integrates physical, chemical, natural and biological processes, for the treatment of gray water, this system comprises: a) A portable shower cabin that can be assembled and disassembled in a practical way, in addition its design allows to recycle, treat and recirculate the gray waters. b) A movable sink incorporated into the shower cabin according to the design. c) A chair that moves horizontally and vertically. $ cf) A urine collection system for male and female gender that can be graduated and moved, which also has natural filter media to reduce contamination in wastewater. e) Future media containing natural (plant) elements, used to filter the water, in turn in this natural substances are applied. 5 f) A gray water tank, where physical, biological, chemical and natural processes are applied simultaneously for the purification of gray water, g) Magnetic or electromagnetic fields that work at different intensities and which is combined with the biographical process to purify the water, in addition to affecting the bacterial effect. 0 h) A hydraulic pumping system that allows the recirculation of water in the system, i) A wind system that operates the pumps for water and air, in addition to a system for generating ozone.
/> Una bomba de aire para causar aireación en las aguas grises. 5 k) Tanques de almacenamiento para las aguas grises que son portátiles y movibles según el diseño del sistema. f) Un tanque donde se destila el agua, a partir de Ia energía solar o eléctrica, y que sirve para deshidratar las plantas usadas en los medios filtrantes. m)Una lampara de luz ultravioleta para Ia desinfección del agua. 0 n) Una prensa de tornillo para extraer de las plantas los principios activos para agregarlos aí agua. o) Una base con ruedas para que ei sistema pueda ser trasladado. /> An air pump to cause aeration in gray water. 5 k) Gray water storage tanks that are portable and mobile according to the system design. f) A tank where water is distilled, from solar or electric energy, and which serves to dehydrate the plants used in the filter media. m) An ultraviolet lamp for water disinfection. 0 n) A screw press to extract active ingredients from plants to add them to water. o) A base with wheels so that the system can be moved.
2. Sistema para el tratamiento y Ia recirculación del agua y otros disolventes, de acuerdo con fa reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque posee un sistema que Ie permite funcionar a partir de energía eléctrica, mecánica y eólica.2. System for the treatment and recirculation of water and other solvents, of according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a system that allows it to operate from electrical, mechanical and wind energy.
3. Sistema para el tratamiento y la recirculación del agua y otros disolventes, de acuerdo con Ia reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque depura las aguas residuales3. System for the treatment and recirculation of water and other solvents, according to claim 1, characterized in that it purifies wastewater
5 con procesos físicos, químicos, biológicos y naturales, integrados en un solo sistema que recicla y trata el agua residual. El agua generada no es potable5 with physical, chemical, biological and natural processes, integrated into a single system that recycles and treats wastewater. The water generated is not potable
4. Sistema para el tratamiento y Ia recirculación del agua y otros disolventes, caracterizado porque integra procesos físicos, químicos y naturales, para el tratamiento de diferentes disolventes como gasolina, thinner y varsol, este sistema4. System for the treatment and recirculation of water and other solvents, characterized in that it integrates physical, chemical and natural processes, for the treatment of different solvents such as gasoline, thinner and varsol, this system
W comprende: a) Una cabina para el lavado de diferentes objetos con disolventes como gasolina, thinner y varsol, portátil y que puede ser armada y desarmada de manera practica, además su diseño permite reciclar, tratar y recircular los disolventes. b) Un recipiente de lavado que se puede ubicar según el diseño de la cabina para 25 lavado c) Medios filtrantes que contiene elementos naturales (vegetales), usados para el filtrado de disolventes como gasolina, thinner y varsol á) On tanque para disolventes, donde se aplica simultáneamente procesos físicos, químicos y naturales para tratar disolventes como gasolina, thinner y varsol 20 e) Campos magnéticos o electromagnéticos que funcionan a diferentes intensidades utilizados para precipitar partículas contaminantes de disolventes como gasolina, thinner y varsol f) Un sistema hidráulico de bombeo que permite Ia recirculación de disolventes como gasolina, thinner y varsol 25 g) Un sistema eólico que hace funcionar las bombas para disolventes y aire, del sistema h) Una bomba de aire para causar aireación en los disolventes como gasolina, thinner y varsol i) Tanques para almacenamiento de disolventes tratados que pueden ser portátiles y 30 movibles según el diseño de Ia cabina de lavado j) Una base con ruedas para que el sistema pueda ser trasladadoW includes: a) A cabin for washing different objects with solvents such as gasoline, thinner and varsol, portable and that can be assembled and disassembled in a practical way, besides its design allows recycling, treating and recirculating solvents. b) A washing container that can be placed according to the design of the car for washing c) Filter media containing natural (vegetable) elements, used for filtering solvents such as gasoline, thinner and varsol á) On solvent tank, where physical, chemical and natural processes are simultaneously applied to treat solvents such as gasoline, thinner and varsol 20 e) Magnetic or electromagnetic fields that operate at different intensities used to precipitate contaminant particles of solvents such as gasoline, thinner and varsol f) A hydraulic system of pumping that allows the recirculation of solvents such as gasoline, thinner and varsol 25 g) A wind system that operates the pumps for solvents and air, of the system h) An air pump to cause aeration in solvents such as gasoline, thinner and varsol i ) Storage tanks for treated solvents that can be portable and movable according to the design of Ia c wash basin j) A base with wheels so that the system can be moved
5. Sistema para el tratamiento y Ia recirculación del agua y otros disolventes, de acuerdo con Ia reivindicación 4, caracterizado porque integra procesos físicos, químicos y naturales, para el tratamiento de disolventes como gasolina, thinner y varsol5. System for the treatment and recirculation of water and other solvents, according to claim 4, characterized in that it integrates physical processes, chemical and natural, for the treatment of solvents such as gasoline, thinner and varsol
6. Procedimiento para el tratamiento del agua a partir de substancias tánicas, muciíagos y médulas de plantas, que comprende las siguientes etapas: a) Alistamiento, clasificación y lavado de las plantas las cuales se utilizan en el proceso de tratamiento para el agua; b) Extracción de las substancias tánicas a partir de:6. Procedure for the treatment of water from tannic substances, muciiagos and plant marrows, which includes the following stages: a) Enlistment, classification and washing of plants which are used in the water treatment process; b) Extraction of tannic substances from:
• Juglans Neotrópica (nogal, cedronegro); c) Extracción de muciíagos de las siguientes plantas:• Neotropic Juglans (walnut, cedronegro); c) Extraction of muciiagos from the following plants:
• Cordia cylindrostachya; Guazuma ulmifolia; Plantago lanceolata; Linum usitatissimun; Hibiscus rosa sinensis; Abelmoschus esculentus; δarauja ursina; Furcracea cabuya; Psidium guajava; d) Extracción de médula a partir de especies como: helianthus annus, polymnea sp, montanoa sp; caracterizado por el hecho de que comprende además las etapas de: e) Mezclado del agua con substancias tánicas en forma de aceite, liquido o en polvo a través de medios filtrantes f) Mezclado con el agua y medios filtrantes, de muciíagos en forma de gel para precipitar partículas contaminantes del agua y servir como lecho de las bacterias depuradoras del agua g) Fabricación de cartuchos a partir de médula y flor de helianthus annus h) Filtración del agua y otros disolventes a través de médula de helianthus annus, polymnea sp, montanoa sp, así como flores de helianthus annus.• Cordia cylindrostachya; Guazuma ulmifolia; Plantago lanceolata; Linum usitatissimun; Hibiscus rosa sinensis; Abelmoschus esculentus; δarauja ursina; Furcracea cabuya; Psidium guajava; d) Marrow extraction from species such as: helianthus annus, polymnea sp, montanoa sp; characterized in that it also comprises the steps of: e) Mixing of water with tannic substances in the form of oil, liquid or powder through filter media f) Mixed with water and filter media, of gel-shaped muciiagos to precipitate pollutant particles from water and serve as a bed of water purification bacteria g) Manufacture of cartridges from marrow and helianthus annus flower h) Water filtration and other solvents through helianthus annus marrow, polymnea sp, montanoa sp, as well as flowers of helianthus annus.
3Í 3i
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CO06-33186 | 2006-04-05 | ||
CO06033186A CO5810201A1 (en) | 2006-04-05 | 2006-04-05 | SYSTEM FOR THE TREATMENT AND RECYCLING OF WATER AND OTHER SOLVENTS |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2007113681A2 true WO2007113681A2 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
WO2007113681A3 WO2007113681A3 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
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PCT/IB2007/001472 WO2007113681A2 (en) | 2006-04-05 | 2007-04-03 | System for treating and recirculating water and other solvents |
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CO (1) | CO5810201A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007113681A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107321570A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-11-07 | 余雷 | It is a kind of spirally to wash pumping system certainly without blocking |
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US3873445A (en) * | 1972-12-05 | 1975-03-25 | Altair Ind | Apparatus for reducing toilet effluents to useable liquids |
FR2583035A1 (en) * | 1985-06-08 | 1986-12-12 | Kern & Grosskinsky | Water distribution system for a mobile or stationary decontamination plant |
US4828709A (en) * | 1987-08-17 | 1989-05-09 | Houser Jack L | Recirculating shower using limited water supply |
CA2183146A1 (en) * | 1996-08-12 | 1998-02-13 | Thomas C. Bower | Method and apparatus for management wastewater effluent from various wastewater effluent sources |
WO2004035489A1 (en) * | 2002-10-21 | 2004-04-29 | Andrzej Panuszewski | Method and apparatus for water treatment |
US20040262206A1 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2004-12-30 | Doug Gettman | Mobile field electrical supply, freshwater and saltwater purification system, powder wash, wash station, and water collection and reclamation apparatus |
-
2006
- 2006-04-05 CO CO06033186A patent/CO5810201A1/en active IP Right Grant
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2007
- 2007-04-03 WO PCT/IB2007/001472 patent/WO2007113681A2/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3873445A (en) * | 1972-12-05 | 1975-03-25 | Altair Ind | Apparatus for reducing toilet effluents to useable liquids |
FR2583035A1 (en) * | 1985-06-08 | 1986-12-12 | Kern & Grosskinsky | Water distribution system for a mobile or stationary decontamination plant |
US4828709A (en) * | 1987-08-17 | 1989-05-09 | Houser Jack L | Recirculating shower using limited water supply |
CA2183146A1 (en) * | 1996-08-12 | 1998-02-13 | Thomas C. Bower | Method and apparatus for management wastewater effluent from various wastewater effluent sources |
WO2004035489A1 (en) * | 2002-10-21 | 2004-04-29 | Andrzej Panuszewski | Method and apparatus for water treatment |
US20040262206A1 (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2004-12-30 | Doug Gettman | Mobile field electrical supply, freshwater and saltwater purification system, powder wash, wash station, and water collection and reclamation apparatus |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107321570A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-11-07 | 余雷 | It is a kind of spirally to wash pumping system certainly without blocking |
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WO2007113681A3 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
CO5810201A1 (en) | 2007-10-31 |
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