WO2007111589A1 - Method and apparatus for performing edge blending using production switchers - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for performing edge blending using production switchers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2007111589A1 WO2007111589A1 PCT/US2006/011049 US2006011049W WO2007111589A1 WO 2007111589 A1 WO2007111589 A1 WO 2007111589A1 US 2006011049 W US2006011049 W US 2006011049W WO 2007111589 A1 WO2007111589 A1 WO 2007111589A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- image
- viewports
- display
- overlap
- stored image
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/222—Studio circuitry; Studio devices; Studio equipment
- H04N5/262—Studio circuits, e.g. for mixing, switching-over, change of character of image, other special effects ; Cameras specially adapted for the electronic generation of special effects
- H04N5/268—Signal distribution or switching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
- H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
- H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
- H04N9/3147—Multi-projection systems
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to video production systems and, more particularly, to the production of video effects.
- Producers, or stagers, of live events may enhance these events by providing a high quality video experience that is delivered on as large a projection screen as possible to the audience.
- the projection screen is arranged in back of, or above, the location of the live events and multiple video outputs are projected, often side-by-side onto the projection screen.
- the side-by-side projected images cannot be just butted together as slight variances in image brightness, color, etc., will not create an overall seamless widescreen image.
- images may overlap slightly, about 5-10% of the image width. This is illustrated in FIG. 1.
- An image 11 (the boundary of which is shown in dashed-line form) is divided into an image A and an image B for projection onto a projection screen 21, which comprises two horizontally aligned smaller screen portions 21-1 and 21-2.
- the image A is projected such that the image A extends onto a piece of screen portion 21-2 as illustrated by arrow 23.
- the image B is projected such that the image B extends onto a piece of screen portion 21-1 as illustrated by arrow 24.
- Overlap region 22 represents where the images overlap. Since the images overlap, it is likely that overlap region 22 will be brighter than the images on the rest of the projection screen. This brightness effect is represented by the stippling in overlap region 22.
- the overlap region will be visible - and distracting - to the spectators and detract from their video experience.
- BlendPro device has inputs that handle live video
- the BlendPro is really only of use for blending pre-rendered video material that is divided into separate portions before application to the BlendPro, which then recombines the separate portions.
- video, or graphic, material is created off-line to create one image. This image is then sliced into rectangular horizontal portions for display on horizontal portions of a project screen, where the appropriate edges are horizontally blended. These horizontal portions are then applied to the BlendPro.
- a video production switcher stores an image and maps viewports to the stored image for use in displaying the image, wherein at least two viewports overlap.
- a video production switcher comprises a number of mix effects units (M/Es), each M/E providing a video output signal for use in displaying images on a display; a memory for storing an image; and a controller for (a) mapping the stored image to a global space, the global space associated with the display, and (b) for determining a number of viewports in the global space, each viewport associated with one of the number of mix effects switchers, a portion of the stored image and a portion of the display; and wherein those viewports associated with adjacent portions of the display overlap.
- M/Es mix effects units
- FIG. 1 illustrates an overlap region on a projection screen comprising a number of smaller horizontally arranged screen portions
- FIG. 2 shows an illustrative embodiment of a video production switcher in accordance with the principles of the invention
- FIG. 3 shows an illustrative flow chart for use in a video production switcher in accordance with the principles of the invention
- FIGs. 4 - 9 further illustrate the principles of the invention.
- FIG. 10 shows another illustrative embodiment of a video production switcher in accordance with the principles of the invention.
- FIGs. 11 and 12 shows mappings of the M/Es of FIG. 10 to the screen in accordance with the principles of the invention
- FIGs. 13 and 14 show an illustrative graphical user interface for use in accordance with the principles of the invention.
- FIG. 15 shows an extension of the inventive concept to non-overlapping viewports.
- video production switcher 100 may include one, or more, switching matrices as known in the art for enabling the selection and switching of a variety of video signals among various elements of video production switcher 100 to achieve particular effects and also to enable the selection of particular video signals to be provided as the main (also referred to as the program, or PGM) output of video production switcher 100.
- PGM program, or PGM
- Video system 10 comprises video production switcher 100, projector 150 and projection screen 198 (also referred to herein as a display).
- the latter is a wide extended screen and comprises a number of smaller screen portions as represented by screen portions 198-1 and 198-2 for displaying video content provided by video display signals 151-1 and 151-2, respectively.
- projector 150 comprises a number of projection devices 150-1 and 150-2 for providing the particular video display signals to the respective portion of projection screen 198.
- video production switcher 100 switches video input signals from one, or more, sources, as represented by input signals 101- 1 through 101-N, to one or more outputs, as represented by screen output signals 106-1 and 106-2 for eventual display on a respective portion of projection screen 198.
- the video input sources may be, e.g., cameras, video tape recorders, servers, digital picture manipulators (video effects devices), character generators, and the like.
- the screen output signals are representative of PGM signals as known in the art, i.e., the final output signal of the video production switching equipment.
- video production switcher 100 this element comprises a controller 180 and a number of mix effects units (MfE), 105-1 and 105-2.
- MfE mix effects units
- Each M/E, 105-1 and 105-2 receives one, or more, video signals (as represented by respective video signals 104-1 and 104-2 in dashed-line form) for processing to provide screen output signals 106-1 and 106-2, respectively.
- Each M/E is controlled (via control signaling 181) by controller 180, which is a software-based controller as represented by processor 190 and memory 195 shown in the form of dashed boxes in FIG. 2.
- controller 180 which is a software-based controller as represented by processor 190 and memory 195 shown in the form of dashed boxes in FIG. 2.
- computer programs, or software are stored in memory 195 for execution by processor 190.
- Memory 195 is representative of any storage device, e.g., random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), etc.; may be internal and/or external to video production switcher 100; and is volatile and/or non- volatile as necessary.
- RAM random-access memory
- ROM read-only memory
- memory 195 comprises a portion 196 for storing an image (also referred to herein as an image-store, still-store or clip- store).
- FIG. 3 shows an illustrative flow chart for use in video production switcher 100 in accordance with the principles of the invention.
- controller 180 receives an image for display on the projection screen.
- a content creator makes an image (for use as a background) that is downloaded into image-store 196.
- the image can, e.g., be received, via one of the input signals 101-1 through 101-N.
- a background image 301 is received for storage, in its entirety, in image-store 196 as illustrated in FIG. 4.
- image-store 196 is designed to accept images of any size up to the maximum space available in image store 196.
- the picture format of image 301 is 1920 x 1080, i.e., 1920 pixels wide by 1080 pixels high, and that image-store 196 is big enough to store an image of this size.
- controller 180 stores the image in image-store 196.
- controller 180 maps the image into a projection screen coordinate space (also referred to herein as a global coordinate space or global space). This mapping is illustrated in FIG. 5 for image 301.
- the coordinate space is Cartesian.
- the inventive concept is not so limited. For illustration purposes, only one dimension is described for this example, e.g., the y-dimension (which is associated herein with "height"). Extension of the inventive concept to two, or three, dimensions is straightforward. As shown in FIG.
- the height of the image in pixels is mapped to the height of projection screen 198 as represented by y-dimension axis 52.
- the width and height of projection screen 198 corresponds to the effective display width and height, i.e., the area of projection screen 198 that is capable of showing an image (as compared to the actual physical width and height, the area of which may be larger than the effective display area).
- the effective projection screen height is 200 elements high.
- each "element” of the global space corresponds to either pixels, inches, centimeters, screen unit, etc.
- the projection screen may display standard video (e.g., 4:3 video format), high definition video (16:9 video format), etc. However, whether the actual type of "element” represents a pixel, an inch, etc., is irrelevant to the inventive concept.
- projection screen 198 is made up of two smaller screen portions, 198-1 and 198-2. In accordance with the principles of the invention, the number and arrangement of the smaller screen portions is not limited to the horizontal dimension.
- projection screen 198 is arranged vertically, e.g., screen 198-1 is above screen 198-2.
- the inventive concept supports not only a horizontal arrangement of projected outputs but also supports a vertical stacking of projected outputs.
- FIG. 6 M/E 105-1 (output signal 106-1) is associated with screen 198-1 (via projector device 150-1) and M/E 105-2 (output signal 106-2) is associated with screen 198-2 (via projector device 150-2).
- the output signals from each M/E create an overlap region 66 on projection screen 198.
- controller 180 determines a number of viewports into the global space such that (a) each viewport (or local space) is associated with one M/E and (b) viewports associated with adjacent screen portions overlap.
- the background input of each M/E is associated with its respective viewport.
- the amount of overlap is predefined at 10% and provided to controller 180, e.g., by an operator via a control panel (not shown) of video production switcher 100. Since there are only two M/Es in this example, controller 180 easily determines the viewports associated with each M/E as illustrated in FIG. 7.
- M/E 105-1 is associated with a local space V 1O s-
- controller 180 determines for M/E 105-1 that V 105 .
- flying video picture-in-pictures PIPs
- controller 180 soft crops the identified overlap regions, e.g., overlap region 66, in image-store 196.
- each side of the overlap region has its own independent softness adjustment, which translates into the width of the overlap area.
- additive mixing of video signals themselves is limited to a maximum intensity.
- die additive mixing of the light from the projectors is not limited - so care must be taken to use the right algorithm to produce the soft crop, so that inadvertent amplitude peaks and edge effects are not created.
- compensations must be made for a black level (a DC offset) in the non-blended regions since the 'black' output from a projector is not really black and any overlapping 'blacks' are brighter than non-overlapping blacks.
- step 435 that portion of image 301 associated with V 1O5- ] is provided to M/E 105-1 via signal path 182, which is representative of the above-noted switching matrix; and that portion of image 301 associated with V 1O5-2 is provided to M/E 105-2, also via signal path 182.
- each M/E projects their respective portion of the background image with the requisite overlap via their associated projection devices onto the projection screen. This is illustrated in FIG. 9 for image 301. It should be noted that no blending is shown in FIG. 9, only an illustration of the overlapping viewports.
- Video system 20 of FIG. 10 is similar to video system 10 of FIG. 1, except that video system 20 now includes four M/E (M/E 105-1, M/E 105-2, M/E 105-3 and M/E 105- 4), where each M/E is associated with a respective projector device (projector device 150-1, projector device 150-2, projector device 150-3, and projector device 150-4) for projecting video/images onto wide-extended screen 199 having four screen portions (199-1, 199-2, 199- 3 and 199-4).
- FIG. 11 shows mappings of the M/Es s of FIG. 10 to the multiple portions in accordance with the principles of the invention. As can be observed from FIG. 11, the inventive concept supports top/bottom and left/right soft crops, i.e., the rectangular stacking of proj ected outputs .
- controller 180 of FIG. 10 receives an image for display on the projection screen.
- controller 180 of FIG. 10 stores the image in image-store 196.
- controller 180 of FIG. 10 maps the image into a global space as described above.
- controller 180 of FIG. 10 determines a number of viewports into the global space such that (a) each viewport (or local space) is associated with one M/E and (b) viewports associated with adjacent screen portions overlap.
- each M/E is associated with its respective viewport and it is assumed that the amount of overlap is predefined at 10%. Since there are four M/Es in this example, controller 180 easily determines the four viewports associated with each M/E as illustrated in generic fashion in FIG. 12. [0026] In particular, it is assumed that the large rectangle AEIM of FIG. 12 is the complete image stored in image-store 196. In addition, given the predefined associations between the M/Es and the screen portions of projection screen 199 as shown in FIG.
- M/E 105-1 is associated with local space V 1O s-I (i.e., the top left of the image)
- M/E 105-2 is associated with local space V 1 Os -2 (i.e., the top right of the image)
- M/E 105-3 is associated with local space V 1 O 5-3 (i.e., the bottom right of the image)
- M/E 105-4 is associated with local space V 105 - 4 (i.e., the bottom left of the image).
- the stippled section of FIG. 12 corresponding to rectangle ADQN represents the viewport V 1O5-1 , and is of dimensions V H by Vw-
- the right side overlap region is the rectangle BDQS and the bottom overlap region is the rectangle PTQN.
- controller 180 determines the size of the viewports based on this. As such, given a point of origin A in FIG. 12 and the desired size of the overlap region, controller 180 easily calculates the dimensions of the four viewports V 105-1 (rectangle ADQN), V 1 O 5- I (rectangle BEHS), V 1O s-3 (rectangle VFIL) and Vi O5- 4 (rectangle PTJM).
- step 425 PIPs are keyed onto the background.
- controller 180 of FIG. 10 soft crops the identified overlap regions, e.g., overlap regions 76 and 77, in image-store 196.
- step 435 the portions of the images associated with each viewport are provided to the respective M/Es via signal path 182. As such, each M/E projects their respective portion of the background image with the requisite overlap via their associated projection devices onto the projection screen.
- a graphical user interface can be implemented for providing a graphical means for defining the spatial relationship between the global coordinate space and the various local M/E spaces.
- This allows an operator to take a large background graphic and route its sections to M/Es according to the geometric relationship of the output projectors. The operator is thus insulated from having to think about overlapping edges since this is calculated by the software layer (e.g., controller 180 of FIGs. 2 or 10) based on the defined relationship of the projectors.
- This GUI can be a part of the above-noted control panel (e.g., a personal computer having a display). An abstract representation of such a GUI is shown in FIGs. 13 and 14. Turning first to FIG.
- a screen 500 comprises graphical elements 505 and 510.
- Graphical element 505 proportionally represents the image for display in terms of length and width.
- Graphical element 510 represents the viewports available for assignment to the image.
- each viewport is associated with one M/E.
- the GUI interface enables the dragging and dropping of one or more of the viewports shown in graphical element 510 into graphical element 505.
- FIG. 14 illustrates the assignment of particular viewports to the image.
- viewports can also be defined to be non-overlapping. This is illustrated in FIG. 15.
- a projection screen 699 comprises four smaller screen portions, 699-1, 699-2, 699-3 and 699-4, which are arranged to have gaps between them.
- the background is a large circle 696.
- controller 180 determines the viewports such that there are gaps between them. [0030] As described above, controller 180 performed the blending. However, and in accordance with the principles of the invention, the flow chart of FIG. 4 can be modified such that the blending step 430 is performed by each respective M/E after it receives its portion of the image.
- auxiliary (aux) bus (not shown above). That is to say, the output of each M/E can be outputted directly without soft crop, so it can be seen on a video monitor, and/or routed to an aux bus which is configured to apply a soft crop to one or more edges.
- aux bus which is configured to apply a soft crop to one or more edges.
- a video production switcher in accordance with the principles of the invention facilitates not only the vertical stacking of images (or viewports) but also the arrangement of four (or more) projectors to form a quadrilateral having rectangular projection areas (e.g., vertically stacked viewports and horizontally stacked viewports).
- a video production switcher in accordance with the principles of the invention would be very effective in spaces such as building atriums (e.g., hotels), cathedral-like churches, shopping malls, etc., because of the ability to vertically stack the images.
- inventive concept is described in the context of a particular number of M/E devices, projectors and screens, the inventive concept is not so limited and other numbers, smaller and/or larger, in any combination may be used for the respective elements.
- inventive concept is also applicable to a display comprising a number of screens, i.e., a multi-screen display.
- inventive concept was described in the context of a vertical arrangement (e.g., FIG. 6) and a vertical and horizontal arrangement (e.g., FIG. 12); the inventive concept is also applicable to a horizontal arrangement.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2006/011049 WO2007111589A1 (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2006-03-28 | Method and apparatus for performing edge blending using production switchers |
US12/225,136 US20090167949A1 (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2006-03-28 | Method And Apparatus For Performing Edge Blending Using Production Switchers |
JP2009502731A JP4914491B2 (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2006-03-28 | Method and apparatus for performing edge blending using a production switch |
EP06739698A EP1999948A1 (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2006-03-28 | Method and apparatus for performing edge blending using production switchers |
CA002645825A CA2645825A1 (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2006-03-28 | Method and apparatus for performing edge blending using production switchers |
CNA2006800539858A CN101406042A (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2006-03-28 | Method and apparatus for executing edge blending by using generation switching device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2006/011049 WO2007111589A1 (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2006-03-28 | Method and apparatus for performing edge blending using production switchers |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2007111589A1 true WO2007111589A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
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PCT/US2006/011049 WO2007111589A1 (en) | 2006-03-28 | 2006-03-28 | Method and apparatus for performing edge blending using production switchers |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20090167949A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1999948A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4914491B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101406042A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2645825A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007111589A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010148303A3 (en) * | 2009-06-18 | 2011-02-10 | Scalable Display Technologies, Inc. | Applying mapping functions to image display |
JP2015126399A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2015-07-06 | ソニー株式会社 | Signal switching system and operation control method of signal switching device |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007111591A1 (en) * | 2006-03-28 | 2007-10-04 | Thomson Licensing | Method and apparatus for displaying an image with a production switcher |
EP2196020A1 (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2010-06-16 | Thomson Licensing | Generation of video transitions on an auxiliary bus using a video switcher |
JP7015981B2 (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2022-02-04 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | Projection image adjustment system and projection image adjustment method |
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JP2914140B2 (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1999-06-28 | 日本電気株式会社 | Television receiver |
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2006
- 2006-03-28 JP JP2009502731A patent/JP4914491B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-03-28 CN CNA2006800539858A patent/CN101406042A/en active Pending
- 2006-03-28 CA CA002645825A patent/CA2645825A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-03-28 EP EP06739698A patent/EP1999948A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-03-28 WO PCT/US2006/011049 patent/WO2007111589A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-03-28 US US12/225,136 patent/US20090167949A1/en not_active Abandoned
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EP1039749A1 (en) | 1997-12-12 | 2000-09-27 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Multi-projection image display device |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4914491B2 (en) | 2012-04-11 |
CN101406042A (en) | 2009-04-08 |
EP1999948A1 (en) | 2008-12-10 |
US20090167949A1 (en) | 2009-07-02 |
JP2009531957A (en) | 2009-09-03 |
CA2645825A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
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