WO2007097729A1 - Installation énergétique technologique destinée au traitement de carburant solide - Google Patents

Installation énergétique technologique destinée au traitement de carburant solide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007097729A1
WO2007097729A1 PCT/UA2006/000024 UA2006000024W WO2007097729A1 WO 2007097729 A1 WO2007097729 A1 WO 2007097729A1 UA 2006000024 W UA2006000024 W UA 2006000024W WO 2007097729 A1 WO2007097729 A1 WO 2007097729A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
furnace
pipeline
gas generator
cyclone
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/UA2006/000024
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Anatoly Timofeevich Neklesa
Vadim Vladislavovich Novinskij
Original Assignee
Anatoly Timofeevich Neklesa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Anatoly Timofeevich Neklesa filed Critical Anatoly Timofeevich Neklesa
Publication of WO2007097729A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007097729A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/06—Continuous processes
    • C10J3/18—Continuous processes using electricity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/09—Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C2100/00—Exhaust gas
    • C21C2100/06—Energy from waste gas used in other processes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a power system in combined cycles for the production of heat and electric energy, the production of gaseous hydrocarbon-containing products from coal, in particular for sub-metal production based on direct reduction.
  • a known energy-technological installation for the thermal processing of solid fuel containing a lined gasifier for producing synthesis gas with a plasma torch installed in its lower part and a low-grade solid fuel dispenser and a heated synthesis gas outlet pipe in accordance with the invention, is additionally equipped with a series installed by the melt accumulator for producing ferroalloys, a stabilizing reactor and a precipitation column for producing fibrous material, while The gasified gasifier is equipped with additional plasmatrons and a tap hole for releasing the oxidized melt, connected at the outlet through the lined ditch to the melt accumulator, in the lower part of which there is a submersible plasmatron for melt blowing, in which there are grooves for the production of the obtained ferroalloy and depleted melt, respectively, last connected to a stabilizing reactor equipped with a stabilizing
  • the closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a device for producing sponge iron, cement clinker and electricity, containing a gas generator with a solid fuel loading unit, an oxygen-containing gas supply and a reducing gas outlet, a cyclone with an ash and unburned fuel output unit installed on reducing gas removal lines from the gas generator, gas heater, installation for producing sponge iron with means for introducing ground iron ore Series, reducing gas and means for removing sponge iron and exhaust gas, according to the invention, it is equipped with a furnace for receiving cement clinker with units for loading solid fuel and limestone and unloading cement clinker, supplying oxygen-containing gas, exhaust gas, a coil and a combined installation for generating electricity comprising a turbine, a compressor and an electric power generator, wherein the furnace loading unit for producing a cement clinker is connected to the ash output unit and carries the burned fuel of the cyclone, and the coil is placed inside the furnace and connected at one end to the turbine, and at the other to the compressor, the turbine being connected
  • the disadvantage of this device is the bulkiness and complexity of the hardware design and increased requirements for fuel quality.
  • the basis of the invention is the task of improving the energy technology installation for thermal processing of solid fuel, in which due to its optimal design and additional input to the equipment circuit to ensure the operation of the installation with a wide range of products at low capital and operating costs and maximum profits from processed raw materials, while ensuring increased environmental requirements.
  • the problem is solved in that in an energy-technological installation for thermal processing of solid fuels, containing a gas generator with a unit for loading solid fuel, units for supplying oxygen-containing gas and removal of synthesis gas, a cyclone with a unit for removing ash and unburned fuel, installed on the line for removing synthesis gas from a gas generator, a solid-phase reduction reactor with means for introducing a reducing gas and means for withdrawing reduced iron and exhaust gas, a plant for producing electric
  • the gas generator in the lower part is made in the form of a truncated cone, the small base of which is coupled to the storage channel, in which a pusher with a drive mechanism is mounted with the possibility of longitudinal movement, and the working cavity of the storage channel is tightly connected by an inclined flow to the furnace through the gate for processing ash, in which plasma torches of indirect action are installed, while along the perimeter of the truncated cone of the gas generator, plasmatrons are installed opposite each other, and the nozzles of the
  • ash remains in the lower part of the gas generator, which is deposited in the storage channel, and as the ash accumulates, it is loaded with a pusher into the furnace for its subsequent processing. This site makes it easier to remove ash from the gas generator.
  • the working cavity of the storage channel through the gate is hermetically connected by an inclined flow to the ash processing furnace, which makes it possible not to stop the supply of blast to the gas generator, since a change in the supply of oxygen-containing gas or steam causes a change in all ratios of the obtained gas composition.
  • Plasmatrons are installed in the lower part of the side walls of the furnace for processing ash, which are heat sources and plasma generators.
  • plasmatrons are installed in the same plane, opposite each other, and symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of each plasma torch, at an angle to it, nozzles for supplying oxygen-containing gas and steam are installed.
  • This design provides the formation of a gasification zone or a reaction zone.
  • the rate of gasification of solid natural fuel is determined by the rate of its thermal preparation for the reaction and the rate of chemical reactions of the fuel with the blast.
  • a high-temperature combustion zone is created, which ensures maximum intensification of the process in the initial stages of fuel heating.
  • a plasma chemical gas generator, a desulfurization unit, a purification cyclone, a receiver, from which the purified synthesis gas is sent to a solid-phase reduction reactor, are sequentially located in the gas discharge pipeline section.
  • the iron ore material recovered in the reactor is sent to a plasma smelting furnace, and the blast furnace gas leaving the reactor is sent to a power plant after purification and through a fine filter through a fine filter, the heat exchanger and compressor to the plasma torches of the plasma melting furnace and the plasma torches of the ash processing furnace .
  • the installation of a plasma-chemical gas generator in the gas discharge line from the gas generator is caused by the need to remove tar in the gas before it is fed to the desulfurization unit. Desulfurization is carried out simultaneously with the removal of carbon dioxide, which is caused by the synthesis gas production technology.
  • the resin which is a mixture of liquid products of thermal decomposition of the organic mass of fuel, decomposes into active gas components.
  • the coke-ash residue after exiting the cyclone installed in the gas outlet from the gas generator, as well as the residues of the cleaning products in additional cyclones, are sent to the ash processing furnace, and the gas leaving this furnace is sent to the gas generator.
  • the proposed design of the installation ensures maximum use of the installed capacity of the equipment, an environmentally friendly mode of operation and increases the specific productivity due to the intensification of the reaction of gas formation.
  • the installation is illustrated by the drawing, which shows the technological scheme of the claimed energy technology installation for thermal processing of solid fuel with a solid-phase reduction reactor, an ash processing furnace and a melting furnace, as well as a plant for producing electricity.
  • the installation includes a gas generator 1, which is a brick shaft in an iron case, in the upper part of which a loading device 2 is located.
  • the lower part of the gas generator 1 is made in the form of a truncated cone, the small base of which is coupled to the ash unloading unit.
  • the ash unloading unit includes a storage channel 3, in which a pusher 4 with a drive mechanism 5 is mounted with the possibility of longitudinal movement.
  • the working cavity of the storage channel 3 through the gate 6 is hermetically connected by an inclined flow 7 to the internal cavity of the furnace 8 for processing ash.
  • the plasma torches 9 In the lower conical part of the gas generator 1 uniformly around the perimeter of the housing, opposite each other are the plasma torches 9.
  • the nozzles 10 and 11 for supplying oxygen-containing gas and steam are equipped with nozzles 12 located at an angle to the axis of each plasma torch symmetrically to each other. Above the plane of location of the plasma torches 9, distribution grids 13 are located on the inner surface of the cone. Pipelines for supplying oxygen-containing gas and steam through check valves 15 and 16, the mixing unit 17 and the nozzle 14 are hydraulically connected to the internal cavity of the gas generator through the distribution grids 13. Pipeline outgoing from the gas generator 1 gas through a non-return valve 18, a plasma-chemical gas generator 19, a desulfurization unit 20, a gas purification cyclone 21 and a non-return valve 22 are connected to the receiver 23.
  • a high-temperature receiver p 23 consists of a sealed enclosure lined with refractory bricks. From the receiver 23, the synthesis gas through the check valve 24 is supplied to the consumer, or to the lower part of the solid-phase reduction reactor 25.
  • the pipeline 26 for transporting flue gas from the reactor 25 through an additional cyclone 27 gas purification is introduced into the combustion chamber 28 of the installation 29 to produce electricity.
  • the pipeline section located after the additional cyclone 27 has a branch, which is connected through a filter 30, a heat exchanger 31, and a compressor 32 to the plasma torches 33 installed in the plasma melting furnace 34, as well as to the plasma torches of the ash processing furnace 8.
  • the exhaust gas from the smelting furnace 34 is connected by a pipe to the ash processing furnace 8, and the exhaust gas pipe from the furnace 8 is connected to the bottom of the gas generator 1.
  • the gas generator 1 has a lined closed gas circuit, including a pipe 35 for gas extraction from the upper part of the gas generator, connected through a non-return valve 36 to an additional cyclone 37, the purified gas pipeline from which through the gas blower 38 is connected to the lower part of the gas generator through the pipe 39.
  • the return path of solid residues from lined cyclones 21, 27 and 37 are connected to the furnace 8 for processing ash, in which there are installed plasma torches 40 and letka 41 for draining metal and slag, as well as a loading device 42 for supplying solid iron to the furnace about carbon.
  • the gas generator 1 uses coal briquettes, which enter its upper part through the loading device 2. Fuel in the form of briquettes allows the use of a higher intensity of the blast without fear of gas entrainment.
  • plasmatrons 9 are turned on and oxygen-containing gas and steam are supplied to the plasma jet zone through nozzles 10 and 11 and nozzles 12. As a result of this, a gasification zone or reaction zone is formed. After heating the material and reaching a temperature of 600-700 0 C in the reaction zone, turn off the plasma torches 9 and continue to purge the material with an oxygen-containing gas and water vapor.
  • Additional blast is supplied through the nodes 17 for mixing oxygen-containing gas and steam through nozzles 14 under the grilles 13 and is distributed through slots along the perimeter of the truncated cone of the gas generator.
  • the heat consumption for the formation of synthesis gas is provided by the physical heat of the circulating highly heated vapor-gas mixture introduced into the reaction zone.
  • the resulting ash is lowered by its own weight to the base of the gas generator and fed into the storage channel 3 with the gate 6 closed.
  • the gate 6 is opened, the drive mechanism 5 is turned on and the ash is pushed through the ramp 4 estrus 7 in furnace 8 for processing ash.
  • Heated in gas generator 1 to a temperature of 1000-1500 0 C gas through a gas pipeline through the check valve 18, plasma chemical a gas generator 19, a desulfurization unit 20, and a gas purification cyclone 21 are supplied through a valve 22 to a high-temperature receiver 23.
  • Gas passing through a plasma-chemical gas generator 19 and interacting with plasma torches in an oxidizing medium is almost completely released from the resin due to the thermal decomposition of circulating hydrocarbons.
  • the operation of the desulfurization unit 20 is based on the use of solid reagents, mainly metal oxides (limestone, dolomite, bauxite) to ensure cleaning at high temperatures of 600-1000 0 C.
  • the synthesis gas from the receiver 23 through the check valve is fed into the lower part of the solid-phase reduction reactor 25, filled with lumpy iron ore materials, such as industrial pellets. After reduction, the material is transferred to a “ plasma melting furnace 34.
  • the waste blast furnace gas from the solid-state reduction reactor 25 is fed through an additional purification cyclone 27 to the combustion chamber 28 of the installation 29 to produce electricity.
  • a part of the gas is passed through a gas line through a filter 30, a heat exchanger 31 and a compressor 32 to the plasma torches 33 of the plasma smelting furnace and plasma torches 40 installed in the ash processing furnace 8.
  • Exhaust gas from the plasma of the kiln furnace 34 is sent to the furnace 8 for ash processing, and the exhaust gas from the furnace 8 is diverted to the lower part of the gas generator 1.
  • high-calorie gas is taken from the upper part of the gas generator and through a closed gas circuit including a cyclone 37, gas blowing 38, blow it into the lower conical part of the gas generator through the pipe 39.
  • the coke-ash residues in the cyclones 21, 27 and 37, after gas purification, are sent to the furnace 8 for ash processing.
  • plasmatrons 40 When the furnace 8 is filled with ash, plasmatrons 40 are turned on, generating a reduction plasma jet with a mass-average temperature of 3000-3500 0 C, and the metal oxides present in it, for example, iron and silicon oxides, are reduced. Iron is first reduced. Through letka 41 part of the iron is drained. Then, coal is added to the melt and silicon is reduced, which is released through a notch 41.
  • This invention allows virtually no waste to obtain high-quality metal from ore and coal in one stage, to increase the speed gasification of solid natural fuel, to ensure maximum use of the installed capacity of the equipment and an environmentally friendly mode of operation.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)

Abstract

La partie basse d'un générateur de gaz (1) se présente comme un cône tronqué dont la petite base est adjacente à un canal d'accumulation (3) la cavité de travail duquel est reliée par un canal d'écoulement incliné au four de traitement de cendres (8) dans lequel on a monté des générateurs de plasma à action indirecte (40). Sur le périmètre du cône tronqué du générateur de gaz (1) on a monté en opposition des générateurs de plasma (9), et l'on a monté symétriquement à l'axe longitudinal de chaque générateur de plasma des tubulures d'amenée de gaz oxygéné et de vapeur. A la surface interne du cône tronqué, en dessus du plan de montage des générateurs de plasma, se situent les grilles de distribution (13) dotées de collecteurs et de tubulures et reliées à des unités de mélangeage de gaz oxygéné et de vapeur. Un cyclone de purification (21) est relié à un récepteur haute température (23), doté d'une tuyauterie d'amenée de gaz de synthèse dans le réacteur (25) de réduction en phase solide; une tuyauterie de gaz évacué à partir de ce dernier est raccordée via un cyclone supplémentaire de purification de gaz (27) à une chambre de combustion (28) de l'installation de production d'énergie (29). La partie de la tuyauterie située en aval du cyclone supplémentaire (27) comporte un branchement qui est relié aux générateurs de plasma (40) du four (8) servant à la transformation des cendres et aux générateurs de plasma (33) installés dans le four à fusion à plasma (34). La tuyauterie du gaz évacué du four de fusion (34) est reliée au four (8) de transformation des cendres; une tuyauterie de gaz évacué à partir de ce dernier est reliée à la partie conique inférieure du générateur de gaz (1).
PCT/UA2006/000024 2006-02-27 2006-05-05 Installation énergétique technologique destinée au traitement de carburant solide WO2007097729A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
UAA200602113 2006-02-27
UAA200602113A UA78466C2 (en) 2006-02-27 2006-02-27 Energotechnological plant for thermal solid fuel processing

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007097729A1 true WO2007097729A1 (fr) 2007-08-30

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PCT/UA2006/000024 WO2007097729A1 (fr) 2006-02-27 2006-05-05 Installation énergétique technologique destinée au traitement de carburant solide

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RU (1) RU2325423C2 (fr)
UA (1) UA78466C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007097729A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110726141A (zh) * 2019-10-20 2020-01-24 安徽航天环境工程有限公司 飞灰等离子处理装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EA013626B1 (ru) * 2008-07-14 2010-06-30 Открытое Акционерное Общество "Белгорхимпром" (Оао "Белгорхимпром") Способ комплексной переработки ископаемых бурых углей, горючих сланцев и других каустобиолитов
RU2624694C1 (ru) * 2016-02-03 2017-07-05 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Национальный исследовательский Томский политехнический университет" Система получения очищенного горючего газа из твердого топлива

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1744101A1 (ru) * 1990-05-28 1992-06-30 Саратовский политехнический институт Энерготехнологическа установка с плазменной переработкой низкосортного твердого топлива
RU2023016C1 (ru) * 1991-04-08 1994-11-15 Александр Маркович Гольдман Устройство для получения губчатого железа, цементного клинкера и электроэнергии
RU2125082C1 (ru) * 1995-04-04 1999-01-20 Малое инновационное научно-производственное предприятие "Колорит" Способ термической переработки твердого топлива и энерготехнологическая установка для его осуществления
WO2004072210A1 (fr) * 2003-02-13 2004-08-26 Xarox Group Limited Installations pour la transformation de dechets solides, urbains et industriels, en hydrogene et procede pour ce faire

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1744101A1 (ru) * 1990-05-28 1992-06-30 Саратовский политехнический институт Энерготехнологическа установка с плазменной переработкой низкосортного твердого топлива
RU2023016C1 (ru) * 1991-04-08 1994-11-15 Александр Маркович Гольдман Устройство для получения губчатого железа, цементного клинкера и электроэнергии
RU2125082C1 (ru) * 1995-04-04 1999-01-20 Малое инновационное научно-производственное предприятие "Колорит" Способ термической переработки твердого топлива и энерготехнологическая установка для его осуществления
WO2004072210A1 (fr) * 2003-02-13 2004-08-26 Xarox Group Limited Installations pour la transformation de dechets solides, urbains et industriels, en hydrogene et procede pour ce faire

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110726141A (zh) * 2019-10-20 2020-01-24 安徽航天环境工程有限公司 飞灰等离子处理装置

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Publication number Publication date
RU2325423C2 (ru) 2008-05-27
RU2006124298A (ru) 2008-01-20
UA78466C2 (en) 2007-03-15

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