WO2007059650A1 - Systeme de passerelle multimedia et procede permettant l'appel interne de la passerelle multimedia - Google Patents

Systeme de passerelle multimedia et procede permettant l'appel interne de la passerelle multimedia Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007059650A1
WO2007059650A1 PCT/CN2005/002004 CN2005002004W WO2007059650A1 WO 2007059650 A1 WO2007059650 A1 WO 2007059650A1 CN 2005002004 W CN2005002004 W CN 2005002004W WO 2007059650 A1 WO2007059650 A1 WO 2007059650A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
unit
user
media gateway
rtp
media
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PCT/CN2005/002004
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kezhi Qiao
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Zte Corporation
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Priority to PCT/CN2005/002004 priority Critical patent/WO2007059650A1/zh
Priority to CN200580051505.XA priority patent/CN101258717B/zh
Publication of WO2007059650A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007059650A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/102Gateways
    • H04L65/1023Media gateways
    • H04L65/1026Media gateways at the edge
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/102Gateways
    • H04L65/1033Signalling gateways
    • H04L65/1036Signalling gateways at the edge
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/102Gateways
    • H04L65/1043Gateway controllers, e.g. media gateway control protocol [MGCP] controllers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a media gateway system and a method for implementing an internal call of a media gateway. Background technique
  • the MEGACO protocol is the IETF's 3525 protocol, which uses the idea of a separate gateway to decompose the gateways that were originally processed by the original signaling and media into two parts: Media Gateway (MG) and Softswitch.
  • the softswitch controls the action of the MG through the MEGACO protocol:
  • the soft handoff MG issues the command to be executed, the MG executes and returns the result, and the softswitch also processes the MG to actively report the event request that occurred.
  • the logical relationship in the MEGACO protocol is represented by the connection model.
  • the two most basic components in the connection model are associations and endpoints, and the associations represent the connections and topological relationships between the endpoints.
  • the MEGACO protocol describes different business attributes through a package, which can be extended according to the needs of the business.
  • the main commands between softswitch and MG include SERVICECHANGE, ADD, MODIFY, SUBTRACT, NOTIFY, and so on.
  • the SDP (SDP) protocol is the 2327 protocol of the IETF, which is used to describe information such as the type, type, and network address of the media stream.
  • the SDP protocol is used in the MEGACO protocol to describe media stream related attributes.
  • the Soft Switch and Media Gateway are the core devices in the Next Generation Network (NGN).
  • the softswitch mainly performs the main functions of call control, media gateway access control, resource allocation, protocol processing, routing, authentication, and accounting, and provides basic voice services, multimedia services, mobile services, and diversified third-party services to users;
  • the media gateway implements the establishment, transmission and release of the voice media stream under the control of the softswitch.
  • FIG. 1 shows the network diagram of the softswitch and media gateway in the NGN.
  • Softswitch The MEGACO (Media Gateway Control, MEGACO) protocol or the MGCP (Media Gateway Control Protocol, MGCP) protocol is used to control the gateway to complete the call process.
  • MEGACO Media Gateway Control, MEGACO
  • MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol, MGCP
  • RTP Real Transport Protocol
  • RTP Real Time Transport Protocol
  • the stream is sent to the MG2 via the packet switching network; the RTP resource also decodes and restores the RTP media stream from the user B on the MG2 to the voice to the user A.
  • MG2 implements the same method as MG1. In this way, user A and user B realize the two-way intercommunication of voice.
  • the softswitch controls the media gateway to establish a call:
  • Softswitch requirements MG1 puts a tone on user A and receives the number
  • the user on the MG1 dials the number and reports the extracted number to the softswitch;
  • the softswitch sends a command to MG1, requesting to create an association, and assigning an RTP resource to user A for processing the RTP media stream, and adding user A and the RTP to the association;
  • the softswitch sends a command to the MG2, requesting to create an association, the user B rings, and allocates an RTP resource for the user B, for processing the RTP media stream, and adding the user B and the RTP to the association;
  • the softswitch sends a command to MG1, requesting to put back a ring tone to user A, and modifying the attributes of the RTP port;
  • the softswitch stops the ringback tone of user A of MG1, and modifies the RTP port as the transmission mode.
  • the softswitch sends a release message to user A on MG1, and MG1 releases user A and
  • RTP resource stopping the processing of the media stream
  • a virtual gateway refers to dividing a physical media gateway into multiple logical gateways. These logical gateways can be controlled by different softswitches or by the same softswitch. Each virtual gateway can have some dedicated resources such as trunk circuits, users, etc. Other resources can be shared among all virtual gateways, such as RTP resources, audio resources, and so on. In the softswitch view, these gateways are different gateways that are not connected to each other. Each virtual gateway is an independent physical entity.
  • a physical gateway MG is divided into two virtual gateways, VMG1 and VMG2.
  • VMG1 is controlled by Softswitch 1
  • VMG2 is controlled by Softswitch 2 if a call is established between User A and User B.
  • the virtual VMG1 encodes the TDM (Time Division Multiplex, Time Division Multiplexing, TDM) format voice of the user A into the RTP media stream by using the DSP resource, and transforms the packet format, and is grouped.
  • TDM Time Division Multiplex, Time Division Multiplexing, TDM
  • the network is switched to the RTP port corresponding to the virtual VMG2, and is decoded by the DSP resource to be converted to TDM voice for the user B to hear; likewise, the voice of the user B is also to be heard by the user A through the same process. Finally, the media flow after user A and user B talk is shown in Figure 3.
  • the media gateway control protocols MEGACO and MGCP used by traditional softswitch and media gateways cannot describe the logical relationship of internal calls between different virtual gateways. which is In the softswitch perspective, each virtual gateway has a separate physical entity. Especially when several virtual gateways in a physical gateway are controlled by several different softswitches, this way of identifying internal calls between different media gateways through signaling control is very difficult. At present, even internal calls between virtual gateways can only be realized by RTP codec conversion according to the standard procedure described in FIG. 2, that is, the media stream after the final call is established, and the call between the virtual gateways and different physical gateways. The call mode between them is exactly the same. Summary of the invention
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a media gateway and a system and method for realizing internal calls of a media gateway, which effectively reduce the voice codec DSP resources occupied by the internal call of the virtual media gateway; and enable the virtual media gateway to The inter-call and the call inside the virtual media gateway are invisible to the softswitch, effectively reducing the implementation complexity of the softswitch system.
  • the present invention provides a media gateway system, including at least one virtual media gateway, the virtual media gateway, including: a dedicated user access unit, a central TDM switching unit, a voice codec unit, a packet switching unit, a network interface unit, wherein the dedicated user access unit is configured to convert the voice access of the user located on a virtual media gateway into a voice stream in a TDM format, and send the voice stream to the central TDM switching unit;
  • a central TDM switching unit configured to re-exchange TDM voice sent by a dedicated user access unit located on one virtual media gateway to a dedicated user access unit on another virtual media gateway, or send a dedicated user access unit
  • the voice codec unit configured to perform bidirectional conversion of the TDM format voice to the RTP format media stream between the central TDM switching unit and the packet switching unit;
  • a packet switching unit configured to complete exchange of RTP media stream packet between the network interface unit and the voice codec unit;
  • the present invention further provides a method for implementing a media gateway internal call by softswitch control.
  • the softswitch commands the calling user and the virtual media gateway to which the called user belongs to create a association for the corresponding user according to the user call, and in the association.
  • the method mainly includes the following steps:
  • the media gateway analyzes whether the RTP endpoint includes the remote media bearer information, and if yes, further analyzes the content of the remote media bearer information;
  • the media gateway determines, according to the content of the remote media bearer information, that the call belongs to a media gateway internal call
  • the media gateway finds the remote RTP termination point corresponding to the RTP termination point according to the content of the remote media bearer information in the RTP termination point, and finds the corresponding remote user according to the remote RTP termination point.
  • the user of the RTP termination point and the remote RTP termination point corresponding to the RTP termination point are directly connected by the central TDM switching unit.
  • the technical solution of the present invention can effectively reduce the occupation of the voice codec DSP resources for the call inside the virtual media gateway, and reduce the bandwidth of the packet switching side of the media gateway; and the service control process on the softswitch is exactly the same as the traditional service control mode. , effectively reducing the implementation complexity of the softswitch system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing networking of a softswitch and a media gateway in an NGN network
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a signaling process in which a softswitch controls two virtual gateways to complete call setup and release;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a voice flow after a softswitch controls two virtual gateway calls;
  • FIG. 4 shows a logical composition diagram of a media gateway according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment according to the present invention.
  • the voice flow diagram of the internal call of the virtual media gateway is implemented;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a voice flow of switching from an internal call to an external call according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a media gateway system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a media gateway
  • a user access unit 401 includes: a user access unit 401, a central TDM switching unit 402, a voice codec unit 403, a packet switching unit 404, and a network interface unit 405, where:
  • the user access unit 401 is responsible for accessing the subscriber line, and is configured to convert the user's analog voice access into a TDM format voice stream and send it to the central TDM switching unit 402.
  • the user access unit also includes a trunk TDM. Formatted voice stream access;
  • the central TDM switching unit 402 is responsible for re-switching the TDM voice sent by the subscriber unit back to the subscriber unit, and is also responsible for exchanging the TDM voice sent by the subscriber unit to the voice codec (for example, VOIP DSP processing) unit 403;
  • the voice codec for example, VOIP DSP processing
  • the voice codec unit 403 is responsible for completing the bidirectional conversion of the TDM voice to the RTP packet format voice, and sends it from the central TDM switching unit 402 to the TDM format voice stream. After the voice codec unit 403 is processed, the voice codec unit 403 becomes IP based. The RTP media stream is sent to the packet switching unit, and the RTP media stream sent from the packet switching unit is also passed through the voice codec unit. After the processing is completed, the voice stream converted into the TDM format is sent to the central TDM switching unit 402;
  • the packet switching unit 404 completes the exchange of the RTP media stream packet, and is responsible for exchanging the RTP media stream sent by the different network interface unit to the corresponding voice codec unit 403, and is responsible for the media stream sent from the voice codec unit 403. Switched to the corresponding network interface unit 405;
  • the network interface unit 405 is responsible for transmitting the RTP media stream transmitted from the packet switching unit to the external packet switching network, and receiving the RTP media stream packet sent from the external packet network, and the network interface unit provides each RTP media stream to the external IP address and PORT number.
  • the RTP termination point described in the MEGACO protocol in an embodiment of the invention, is composed of a voice codec unit (VOIP DSP resource) that completes the TDM format to the RTP format bidirectional codec conversion, and a part is a network interface unit that provides the RTP media bearer transmission.
  • VOIP DSP resource is a core component of the media gateway.
  • the network interface part of an RTP endpoint and the VOIP DSP resource part are dynamically bound at the time of call setup, and the media gateway can actively replace the VOIP DSP resource during the call progress as needed.
  • the media bearer related information such as the external IP address and port number of an RT endpoint is all located on the network interface unit, as long as the part of the network interface unit corresponding to an RTP endpoint does not change, even if the VOIP DSP resource is The call changes and the call does not affect the external gateway and the current ongoing call of the gateway continues to proceed normally.
  • the media gateway internal call is realized by analyzing the media bearer information in the call association, and is mainly divided into the following parts:
  • RTP termination point consists of two parts: DSP resource and network interface resource;
  • the media gateway further analyzes whether the RTP termination point includes the remote media bearer information, and if the remote media bearer information is included, further analyzes the content in the remote media bearer information;
  • the association is a call belonging to the inside of the media gateway
  • the media gateway finds another association corresponding to the association by using the network address and the network port number in the media bearer information in the RTP endpoint, and directly connects the users in the two associations through the central TDM circuit center switching unit; When the user in the two associations can directly talk;
  • the media gateway releases the voice codec resource in the RTP endpoint,
  • the network interface resource is still reserved, and the information of the media stream of the near-end and the far-end media of the RTP endpoint, as well as the voice codec algorithm, the packetization time, and the like are recorded;
  • the media gateway dynamically requests a voice codec resource for the RTP according to the network address of the remote media information carried in the modification command according to the softswitch, and then applies the voice codec resource to the RTP, and the voice codec resource and the 7)
  • the reserved network interface unit is bound, and the user is connected through the central TDM circuit switching unit and the voice codec resource, the user can perform a call with the user who is not the gateway.
  • the method of implementing the internal call of the virtual media gateway by using the system in FIG. 4 will be described below with reference to FIG. 5.
  • the user on the virtual VMG1 needs to talk to the user B on the VMG2, and the implementation process is as follows:
  • VMG1 After user A on virtual VMG1 picks up the number of user B on virtual VMG2, softswitch 1 first creates an association with user A on VMG1, and creates an RTP1 termination point for user A in the association. VMG1 receives After the command to create an RTP endpoint, there is no remote media bearer information in the command. Therefore, VMG1 normally allocates a VOIP DSP codec resource and a network interface media bearer port.
  • the softswitch 1 then brings the call and the media bearer information of the RTP1 to the softswitch 2 through the SIP protocol.
  • the softswitch 2 analyzes that the call is the user B on the calling VMG2, and then sends the association association to the user B on the VMG2. Command, and create an RTP2 endpoint for User B in this association.
  • Softswitch 2 simultaneously carries the relevant media bearer information of RTP1 to RTP2 through the remote media bearer information.
  • the media gateway analyzes the remote media bearer information of the RTP2, and finds that the IP address in the remote media bearer information of the RTP2 is the IP address of a certain network interface unit of the media gateway itself, and determines that the call is inside the media gateway. It can be directly exchanged through the central TDM switching unit voice channel without going through the codec processing of the VOIP DSP unit. Then, the media gateway searches for the corresponding RTP1 termination point through the remote media bearer information of the RTP2 (the IP address, the PORT number, and the like in the remote media bearer information of the RTP2, and the IP address of the RTP1 itself, The PORT number is the same), and user A can be queried through RTP1.
  • VMG2 When user A is found, VMG2 records the near-end and far-end media related information of the RTP2 endpoint and releases the VOIP DSP resources, but still retains the resources of the network interface unit. And through the central TDM circuit switching unit, the TDM time slots of user B and user A are connected in two directions. The media bearer information of the network interface unit of RTP2 is still returned in the response to softswitch 2.
  • the softswitch 2 returns the media bearer related information on the network interface unit of the RTP2 to the softswitch 1, and the softswitch 1 sends a modify command to the VMG1 to bring the media bearer information of the RTP2 to the RTP1 through the remote media bearer information.
  • the VMG1 also analyzes that the remote media bearer information is a media bearer address of the gateway itself, and releases the VOIP DSP resource of the RTP1, and retains the media bearer information of the network interface unit of the RTP1, as in step 3. .
  • the time slots of user A to user B are connected in two directions through the central TDM switching unit.
  • the softswitch still only needs to control the media gateway to complete the call establishment in a standard call flow, and the soft switch does not need to care whether a call is a virtual medium.
  • the media gateway analyzes that the call is a call inside the gateway, the VOIP DSP resources of the two RTP endpoints associated with the call are released in time, and the voice is directly from TDM to TDM.
  • the format does not have to be converted by codec format, which improves the quality of the voice.
  • softswitch 1 sends an ADD command, requesting media gateway AG to create RTP for user C.
  • the RTP1 media bearer information is included in the remote media bearer information of the RTP, and the media gateway AG creates an RTP3 termination point for the user C, and returns the media bearer information of the RTP3 to the softswitch.
  • softswitch 1 sends a modification command to RTP1 to VMG1.
  • the remote media bearer information of the command carries the media of RTP3 corresponding to user C on media gateway AG. Carry information.
  • VMG1 analyzes the remote media bearer information of the RTP1, and finds that the media bearer information is not the media gateway, and the voice stream must be converted into an RTP stream and transmitted to the packet network. At the same time, VMG1 determines that the current user A is making a call inside the media gateway. Without VOIP DSP resources, VMG1 requests to allocate a VOIP DSP resource from the media gateway, and binds the applied VOIP DSP resource to the network interface unit where RTP1 is located. The network interface unit of the RTP1 can inform the network interface unit where the RTP1 is located, and the network interface unit of the RTP1 can correctly correct the media stream according to the IP address and PORT number of the RTP3. Send to RTP3 and receive the media stream sent by RTP3.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the physical connection of the voice stream after the user A and the user C enter the call.
  • softswitch 1 When user A needs to switch the call back to talk with user B again, softswitch 1 will send a modification command to VMG1 again, and change the remote media bearer information of RTP1 from the nickel body bearer information of RTP3 to the media of RTP2. Carry information. VMG1 analyzes the media bearer information of RTP2 again and finds that it is the call inside the gateway. Then, the VOIP DSP resource corresponding to RTP1 is released again, and the TDM timeslots of user B and user A are connected in two directions again, and the corresponding RTP1 is still retained. Network interface unit resource.
  • the call when the call is a call inside the media gateway, the call between the virtual gateways including the same physical media gateway does not occupy the VOIP DSP resource, and the call does not need voice codec. Conversion. And whether the call is internal to the media gateway or outside the media gateway, or the call dynamics are switched from internal to external and external to internal, the control flow of the softswitch is exactly the same, and the simplified softswitch service implementation is effectively implemented.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)

Description

媒体网关系统与实现媒体网关内部呼叫的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域,尤其涉及一种媒体网关系统, 以及实现媒 体网关内部呼叫的方法。 背景技术
MEGACO协议是 IETF的 3525协议, 其采用了分离网关思想, 将原 来信令和媒体集中处理的网关分解为两部分: 媒体网关 (Media Gateway, 简称 MG)和软交换。 软交换通过 MEGACO协议控制 MG的动作: 软交 换向 MG发出要执行的命令, MG执行并将结果返回, 软交换也要处理 MG主动上报所发生的事件请求。 MEGACO协议中的逻辑关系是通过连 接模型来表示, 连接模型中两个最基本的构件就是关联和终结点, 关联 表示了终结点之间的连接和拓扑关系。 MEGACO协议通过包 (Package) 来描述不同的业务属性, 包是可以根据业务的需要进行扩展。
软交换和 MG之间的主要命令包括 SERVICECHANGE (注册) , ADD (增加), MODIFY (修改), SUBTRACT (删除), NOTIFY (通知)等等。
SDP (Session Description Protocol, 简称 SDP) 协议是 IETF的 2327 协议, 用来描述媒体流的袼式、 类型以及网络地址等信息。 MEGACO协 议中用 SDP协议来描述媒体流相关的属性。
软交换 (Soft Switch)及媒体网关 (Media Gateway, 简称 MG)分别是下 一代网络 (Next Generation Network, 简称 NGN)中的核心设备。 软交换主 要完成呼叫控制、 媒体网关接入控制、 资源分配、 协议处理、 路由、 认 证、 计费等主要功能, 并向用户提供基本话音业务、 多媒体业务、 移动 业务以及多样化的第三方业务; 媒体网关则在软交换的控制下实现语音 媒体流的建立、 传送及释放。
如图 1所示是软交换和媒体网关在 NGN中的系统组网图。软交换通 过 MEGACO(Media Gateway Control, 简称 MEGACO)协议或 MGCP(Media Gateway Control Protocol,简称 MGCP)协议来控制网关完成 呼叫过程。当 MG1上的用户 A和 MG2上的用户 B呼叫建立进入通话后, 在 MG1上会建立一个 RTP端口, 用于把用户 A的语音编码为 RTP(Real Transport Protocol, 实时传输协议, 简称 RTP)媒体流, 经分组交换网发送 到 MG2;该 RTP资源同时会把从来自于 MG2上用户 B的 RTP媒体流解 码还原为语音送到用户 A。 MG2实现通话的方式和 MG1相同。这样用户 A和用户 B即实现了语音的双向互通。
如图 2所示是软交换控制媒体网关建立呼叫的过程示意图:
201 ) MG1上用户 A摘机, MG1上报软交换;
202)软交换要求 MG1对用户 A放拔号音并收号;
203 ) MG1上的用户拔号, 把所拔的号码上报软交换;
204) 软交换向 MG1发送命令, 请求创建一个关联, 并为用户 A分 配一个 RTP资源, 用于 RTP媒体流的处理, 同时把用户 A和该 RTP加 入到该关联之中;
205) 软交换向 MG2发送命令, 请求创建一个关联, 用户 B振铃, 并为用户 B分配一个 RTP资源, 用于 RTP媒体流的处理, 同时把用户 B 和该 RTP加入到该关联之中;
206)软交换向 MG1发送命令,请求对用户 A放回铃音,并修改 RTP 端口的属性;
207) MG2上的用户 B摘机, 进入通话;
208)软交换停止 MG1的用户 A的回铃音, 并修改 RTP端口的为收 发模式。
209) MG1上的用户 A挂机;
210)软交换向 MG1上的用户 A下发释放消息, MG1释放用户 A及
RTP资源, 停止媒体流的处理;
211 ) MG2上的用户 B挂机; 212)软交换向 MG2上的用户 B下发释放消息, MG2释放用户 B及 R P资源, 停止媒体流的处理;
虚拟网关是指把一个物理媒体网关划分为多个逻辑网关,这些逻辑网 关可以受不同的软交换控制, 也可以受同一个软交换控制。 每个虚拟网 关可以有一些专属的资源如中继电路、 用户等; 其它一些资源可以是所 有虚拟网关间共享的, 如 RTP资源、 音资源等等。 在软交换看来, 这些 网关是一个个互相之间没有联系的不同网关, 每个虚拟网关都是一个独 立的物理实体。
由于虚拟网关在软交换看来是一个个不同的网关,因此即使是同一个 物理网关内部不同虚拟网关内部的呼叫, 仍需按图 2 中所述的过程, 为 每个呼叫建立 RTP端口。 如图 3所示, 一个物理的网关 MG划分为两个 虚拟网关 VMG1和 VMG2。 VMG1受软交换 1控制, VMG2受软交换 2 控制,如果用户 A和用户 B之间建立通话。则需按照图 2中所示的流程, 即虚拟 VMG1把用户 A的 TDM (Time Division Multiplex, 时分复用, 简称 TDM) 格式的语音经 DSP资源编码为 RTP媒体流, 变换成分组格 式,经分组网交换到虚拟 VMG2对应的 RTP端口上,经 DSP资源解码还 原为 TDM语音让用户 B听到; 同样用户 B的语音也要经同样的流程才 能由用户 A听到。最后用户 A和用户 B通话后的媒体流走向如图 3所示。
由图 3可以看出, 用户 A和用户 B之间的通话经过了两次的编解码 转换, 先把 TDM格式经过 DSP编码为 RTP流, 再把该 RTP流又由另一 个 DSP解码还原为 TDM格式。 同一物理网关上的呼叫经过这样重复的 处理, 一方面极大的浪费了媒体网关上最为复杂的 DSP资源, 另一个方 面也占用于分组交换侧的带宽。 能否有一种机制, 使得用户 A和用户 B 的通话不经过 DSP转换, 直接从 TDM格式到 TDM格式, 这样能有效的 节省 DSP资源, 并节约分组侧的带宽。
传统的软交换和媒体网关所用的媒体网关控制协议 MEGACO 及 MGCP都无法描述不同虚拟网关之间的内部呼叫这样一种逻辑关系。 即 在软交换看来, 每一个虚拟网关都一个独立的物理实体。 特别当一个物 理网关中几个虚拟网关受控于几个不同的软交换时, 这种通过信令控制 来标识不同媒体网关之间内部呼叫的方式非常困难。 目前即使虚拟网关 之间的内部呼叫也只有按图 2所述的标准流程通过 RTP编解码转换才能 实现, 即最终呼叫建立后媒体流和图 3 —样, 虛拟网关之间的呼叫和不 同物理网关之间的呼叫模式完全一样。 发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种媒体网关,以及一种实现媒 体网关内部呼叫的系统及方法, 有效地降低虚拟媒体网关内部呼叫时占 用的语音编解码 DSP资源; 并使得虚拟媒体网关之间的呼叫和虚拟媒体 网关内部的呼叫对软交换透明不可见, 有效地降低软交换系统的实现复 杂度。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种媒体网关系统,包括至少一个 虚拟媒体网关,所述虚拟媒体网关,包括:专属用户接入单元、中心 TDM 交换单元、 语音编解码单元、 分组交换单元、 网络接口单元, 其中, 专属用户接入单元,用于把位于一个虚拟媒体网关上的用户的话音接 入转换为 TDM格式的语音流, 并送到中心 TDM交换单元;
中心 TDM交换单元,用于将位于一个虚拟媒体网关上的专属用户接 入单元送来的 TDM语音再交换回另一个虚拟媒体网关上的专属用户接入 单元,或者将专属用户接入单元送来的 TDM语音交换到语音编解码单元; 语音编解码单元, 用于在中心 TDM交换单元与分组交换单元之间, 完成 TDM格式语音到 RTP格式媒体流的双向转换;
分组交换单元, 用于在网络接口单元与语音编解码单元之间, 完成 RTP媒体流分组包的交换;
网络接口单元, 用于为每个 RTP媒体流提供媒体承载信息, 包括 IP 地址及端口号, 把从分组交换单元传送来的 RTP媒体流发送到外部的分 组交换网上,同时接收从外部分组交换网上发送来的 RTP媒体流分组包。 本发明还进而提供一种实现软交换控制的媒体网关内部呼叫的方法, 软交换根据用户呼叫, 命令主叫用户与被叫用户所属的虚拟媒体网关分 别为对应用户创建关联, 并在该关联中为对应用户创建 RTP终结点, 该 方法主要包括如下步骤:
媒体网关分析该 RTP终结点中是否包含有远端媒体承载信息, 如果 包含, 则进一步分析该远端媒体承载信息的内容;
媒体网关根据该远端媒体承载信息的内容,确定该呼叫属于媒体网关 内部呼叫;
媒体网关根据该 RTP终结点中的远端媒体承载信息的内容, 査找到 该 RTP终结点对应的远端 RTP终结点,再根据该远端 RTP终结点查找到 对应的远端用户;
将该 RTP终结点的用户与该 RTP终结点对应的远端 RTP终结点的用 户通过中心 TDM交换单元直接接续。
采用本发明技术方案,能够有效地对虚拟媒体网关内部的呼叫减少语 音编解码 DSP资源的占用, 降低媒体网关分组交换侧的带宽; 并且软交 换上的业务控制流程和传统的业务控制方式完全一样, 有效地降低了软 交换系统的实现复杂度。 附图概述
图 1示出了 NGN网络中软交换和媒体网关的组网示意图;
图 2 示出了软交换控制两个虚拟网关完成呼叫建立及释放的信令过 程示意图;
图 3示出了软交换控制两个虚拟网关呼叫建立后的语音流示意图; 图 4示出了根据本发明实施例所述的媒体网关的逻辑组成图; 图 5 示出了根据本发明实施例所述的实现虚拟媒体网关内部呼叫的 语音流示意图; 图 6示出了根据本发明实施例所述的从内部呼叫切换向外部呼叫的 语音流示意图。 本发明的最佳实施方式
图 4为根据本发明实施例所述的媒体网关系统结构示意图,媒体网关
400包括:用户接入单元 401、中心 TDM交换单元 402、语音编解码单元 403、 分组交换单元 404、 网络接口单元 405, 其中:
用户接入单元 401, 负责接入用户线, 用于把用户的模拟话音接入转 换为 TDM格式的语音流, 并把其送到中心 TDM交换单元 402, 用户接 入单元也包含了对中继线 TDM格式语音流的接入;
中心 TDM交换单元 402, 负责把用户单元送来的 TDM语音再交换 回用户单元, 同时也负责把用户单元送来的 TDM语音交换到语音编解码 (例如 VOIP DSP处理)单元 403 ;
语音编解码单元 403,负责完成 TDM语音到 RTP分组格式语音的双 向转换, 从中心 TDM交换单元 402送到 TDM格式语音流, 经语音编解 码单元 403处理完成后,就变成了基于 IP传输的 RTP媒体流送到分组交 换单元, 同样从分组交换单元送来的 RTP媒体流体流经语音编解码单元 ,处理完成后, 就被转换成 TDM格式的语音流送到中心 TDM交换单元 402;
分组交换单元 404, 完成 RTP媒体流分组包的交换, 负责把不同网 络接口单元送来的 RTP媒体流交换到对应的语音编解码单元 403, 同时 负责把从语音编解码单元 403 送来的媒体流交换到对应的网络接口单元 405上;
网络接口单元 405, 负责把从分组交换单元传送来的 RTP媒体流发 送到外部的分组交换网上, 同时接收从外部分组网上发送来的 RTP媒体 流分组包,网络接口单元提供每个 RTP媒体流对外的 IP地址及 PORT号。
在 MEGACO协议中描述的 RTP终结点, 在本发明的实施例中, 由 在本媒体网关上的两部分组成, 一部分是完成 TDM格式到 RTP格式双 向编解码转换的语音编解码单元 (VOIP DSP 资源) , 一部分是提供对 RTP媒体承载传输的网络接口单元组成。其中 VOIP DSP资源是媒体网关 中核心的组成部分。 一个 RTP终结点的网络接口部分和 VOIP DSP资源 部分在呼叫建立时动态绑定, 并可根据需要在呼叫进行的过程中媒体网 关可以主动更换 VOIP DSP资源。 在本系统中, 由于一个 RT 终结点的 对外 IP地址、 端口号等媒体承载相关信息全部位于网络接口单元上, 只 要一个 RTP终结点对应的网络接口单元部分不发生变化, 即使该 VOIP DSP 资源在呼叫进行的过程中发生改变, 也不影响外部网关和本网关当 前正在进行的该呼叫继续正常进行。
本发明的实施例,通过对呼叫关联中的媒体承载信息进行分析,从而 实现了媒体网关内部呼叫, 主要分为以下几个部分:
1)软交换向媒体网关发送建立关联的命令时, 把用户和 RTP终结点 加入到该关联之中;
2) —个 RTP终结点由 DSP资源和网络接口资源两部分组成;
3)在媒体网关上把实现语音编解码的 DSP资源和网络接口资源分开 实现和描述;
4)媒体网关进一步分析其 RTP终结点中是否包含有远端媒体承载信 息, 如果包含远端媒体承载信息, 则进一步分析远端媒体承载信息中的 内容;
5)如果远端媒体承载信息中的信息内容, 即网络地址等信息, 是属 于本媒体网关的, 则本关联是属于媒体网关内部的呼叫;
6)媒体网关通过 RTP终结点中的媒体承载信息中的网络地址、 网络 端口号找到与本关联对应的另一个关联, 把两个关联中的用户通过中心 TDM电路中心交换单元直接连接起来; 这时即可实现两个关联中的用户 直接通话; .
7)进一步地, 媒体网关释放该 RTP终结点中的语音编解码资源, 同 时仍保留网络接口资源, 并记录该 RTP终结点的近端及远端媒体承载信 息以及语音编解码算法、 打包时长等媒体流的信息;
8)进一步地, 在呼叫进行的过程中, 如果该用户要临时切向另一个 非本网关的分组网上的用户进行通话。 媒体网关根据软交换在修改命令 中所带远端媒体信 息中网络地址是非本网关的网络地址, 则再为该 RTP 动态申请一个语音编解码资源, 并把该语音编解码资源和 7)中的保留的 网络接口单元绑定,再把该用户通过中心 TDM电路交换单元和语音编解 码资源接续起来, 则可该用户即可实现和非本网关的用户进行通话。
下面结合图 5,来说明如何用图 4中的系统实现虚拟媒体网关内部呼 叫的方法。虚拟 VMG1上的用户要实现和 VMG2上的用户 B通话, 则其 实现过程为:
1、 虚拟 VMG1上的用户 A摘机拔完虚拟 VMG2上的用户 B的号码 以后, 软交换 1首先对 VMG1上的用户 A创建关联, 并在该关联中为用 户 A创建 RTP1终结点, VMG1收到创建 RTP终结点的命令后, 该命令 中暂没有对端的远端媒体承载信息,因此 VMG1正常分配一个 VOIP DSP 编解码资源和网络接口媒体承载端口。
2、 软交换 1然后把该呼叫及 RTP1的媒体承载信息通过 SIP协议带 到软交换 2,软交换 2分析到该呼叫是呼叫 VMG2上的用户 B,则对 VMG2 上的用户 B发送创建关联的命令, 并在该关联中为用户 B创建 RTP2终 结点。软交换 2同时把 RTP1的相关媒体承载信息通过远端媒体承载信息 带给 RTP2。
3、 媒体网关分析 RTP2的远端媒体承载信息, 发现 RTP2的远端媒 体承载信息中的 IP地址是本媒体网关自身某一网络接口单元的 IP地址, 则判断出这是本媒体网关内部的呼叫,可以不必经过 VOIP DSP单元的编 解码处理, 直接通过中心 TDM交换单元话路的交换接续。 则媒体网关通 过 RTP2的远端媒体承载信息, 查询到与之对应的 RTP1终结点 (RTP2 的远端媒体承载信息中的 IP地址、 PORT号等,和 RTP1 自身的 IP地址、 PORT号相同) , 并通过 RTP1可以查询到用户 A。 当找到用户 A后, VMG2记录 RTP2终结点的近端及远端媒体相关信息, 并释放 VOIP DSP 资源, 但仍保留网络接口单元的资源。 并通过中心 TDM电路交换单元, 把用户 B和用户 A的 TDM时隙双向接续起来。 给软交换 2的应答中仍 返回 RTP2的网络接口单元的媒体承载信息。
4、 软交换 2把 RTP2的网络接口单元上的媒体承载相关信息返回给 软交换 1,软交换 1向 VMG1发送修改命令,把 RTP2的媒体承载信息通 过远端媒体承载信息带给 RTP1。 VMG1收到该修改命令后, 同样分析该 远端媒体承载信息是本网关自身的一个媒体承载地址, 则与步骤 3 中同 样, 释放 RTP1的 VOIP DSP资源, 保留 RTP1的网络接口单元的媒体承 载信息。 并通过中心 TDM交换单元把用户 A到用户 B的时隙双向接续 起来。
用户 B摘机后, 则用户 A和用户 B即可进行通话。 通话以后的资源 占用及话路物理接续如图 5所示。 如图 5所示, 对于媒体网关内部的呼 叫, 逋过本发明的方法, 软交换仍只需以标准的呼叫流程控制媒体网关 完成呼叫的建立, 软交换并不需要关心一个呼叫是否是虚拟媒体网关内 部的呼叫, 当呼叫建立的过程中, 媒体网关分析到该呼叫是网关内部的 呼叫时,与本呼叫相关的两个 RTP终结点的 VOIP DSP资源被及时释放, 并且语音直接从 TDM到 TDM格式, 不必经过编解码格式转换, 提高了 语音的质量。
进一步,结合图 6说明当呼叫过程中需要将当前正在进行媒体网关内 部的呼叫切换到外部的实现方式。
当用户 A和用户 B在通话的过程中需临时和网关 AG上的用户 C进 行通话,通话完成后再把呼叫切换回来和用户 B通话,则实现方式如图 6 所示:
5、 当在用户 A和用户 B通话进行的过程中, 用户 C呼叫用户 A, 则软交换 1向发送 ADD命令, 要求媒体网关 AG为用户 C创建 RTP终 结点, 并该 RTP的远端媒体承载信息中包含 RTP1媒体承载信息, 媒体 网关 AG为用户 C创建 RTP3终结点,并把 RTP3的媒体承载信息返回给 软交换。
6、 当用户 A准备把呼叫切换到和 C通话, 则软交换 1会向 VMG1 发送对 RTP1的修改命令, 命令的远端媒体承载信息中带有媒体网关 AG 上的用户 C对应的 RTP3的媒体承载信息。
7、 VMG1分析该 RTP1的远端媒体承载信息, 发现该媒体承载信息 不是本媒体网关的,则必须把语音流转换为 RTP流传送到分组网上。 同时 VMG1判断当前用户 A正在进行媒体网关内部的呼叫,没有 VOIP DSP资 源,则 VMG1从媒体网关上申请分配一个 VOIP DSP资源,并把申请到的该 VOIP DSP资源和 RTP1所在的网络接口单元建立绑定关系,同时把 RTP3 的媒体承载信息,作为 RTP1的远端媒体承载信息通知 RTP1所在的网络 接口单元, 则 RTP1的网络接口单元就可以根据 RTP3的 IP地址、 PORT 号等信息把媒体流正确的发向 RTP3, 并接收 RTP3发送来的媒体流。
这样用户 A和用户 C就可以正确进行通话了。 图 6所示是用户 A和 用户 C进入通话后的语音流物理连接示意图。
8、当用户 A需再次把呼叫切换回来和用户 B进行通话时,则软交换 1会再次向 VMG1发送修改命令, 把 RTP1的远端媒体承载信息从 RTP3 的镍体承载信息更改为 RTP2的媒体承载信息。 VMG1再次分析 RTP2的 媒体承载信息,发现是本网关内部的呼叫,则再次释放 RTP1对应的 VOIP DSP资源, 并再次把用户 B和用户 A的 TDM时隙双向接续起来, 并仍 一直保留 RTP1对应的网络接口单元资源。
如上述流程所示,基于本发明, 当呼叫是媒体网关内部的呼叫时,包 括同一个物理媒体网关上的虚拟网关之间的呼叫, 总是不占用 VOIP DSP 资源, 呼叫不需要进行语音编解码转换。 并且无论呼叫是媒体网关内部 还是媒体网关外部, 或者呼叫动态从内部向外部、 外部向内部切换, 软 交换的控制流程都完全一样, 有效的简化的软交换业务实现方式。

Claims

1、 一种媒体网关系统, 包括至少一个虚拟媒体网关, 其特征在于, 所述虚拟媒体网关, 包括: 专属用户接入单元、 中心 TDM交换单元、 语 音编解码单元、 分组交换单元、 网络接口单元, 其中,
专属用户接入单元,用于把位于一个虚拟媒体网关上的用户的话音接 入转换为 TDM格式的语音权流, 并送到中心 TDM交换单元;
中心 TDM交换单元, 用于将位于一个虚拟媒体网关上的专属用户接 入单元送来的 TDM语音再交换回另一个虚拟媒体网关上的专属用户接入 单元,或者将专属用户接入单元送来的 TDM语音交换到语音编解码单元; 语音编解码单元, 用于在中心 TDM交换单元与分组交换单元之间, 完成 TDM格式语音到 RTP格式媒体流的双向转换;
分组交换单元, 用于在网络接口单元与语音编解码单元之间, 完成 RTP媒体流分组包的交换;
网络接口单元, 用于为每个 RTP媒体流提供媒体承载信息, 包括 IP 地址及端口号, 把从分组交换单元传送来的 RTP媒体流发送到^部的分 组交换网上, 同时接收从外部分组交换网上发送来的 RTP媒体流分组包。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述的专属用户接入单 元包含了模拟用户的接入和 /或 中继线的接入。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述的专属用户接入单 元专属于特定的虚拟网关, 中心 TDM交换单元、 语音编解码单元、 分组 交换单元、 网络接口单元可以为多个虚拟网关共享。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述的语音编解码单元 与网络接口单元, 组成 RTP终结点。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述的 RTP终结点的网 络接口部分与语音编解码部分, 在呼叫建立时动态绑定。
6、 一种使用如权利要求 1所述的系统实现软交换控制的媒体网关内 部呼叫的方法,软交换根据用户呼叫, 命令主叫用户与被叫用户所属的虚 拟媒体网关分别为对应用户创建关联,并在该关联中为对应用户创建 RTP 终结点, 其特征在于, 还包括如下步骤:
媒体网关分析该 RTP终结点中是否包含有远端媒体承载信息, 如果 包含, 则进一步分析该远端媒体承载信息的内容;
媒体网关根据该远端媒体承载信息的内容,确定该呼叫属于媒体网关 内部呼叫;
媒体网关根据该 RTP终结点中的远端媒体承载信息的内容, 査找到 该 RTP终结点对应的远端 RTP终结点,再根据该远端 RTP终结点查找到 对应的远端用户;
将该 RTP终结点的用户与该 RTP终结点对应的远端 RTP终结点的用 户通过中心 TDM交换单元直接接续。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述的为对应用户创建 RTP终结点的步骤,包括: 为对应用户分配语音编解码单元与网络接口单 元
8、 如权利要求 6所述的方法, 其特征在于, 进一步包括:
分别释放该 RTP终结点与该对应的远端 RTP终结点的语音编解码单 元, 保留网络接口单元。
9、 如权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 进一步包括:
当媒体网关收到软交换发送的 "修改"命令时, 通过分析该 "修改" 命令中所携带的远端媒体承载信息,确定要切换到的远端用户为另一个媒 体网关上的用户;
媒体网关为其专属用户的 RTP终结点动态申请一个语音编解码单元, 并与保留的网络接口单元建立绑定关系;
媒体网关将其专属用户通过中心 TDM交换单元和所述申请的语音编 解码单元连接起来,并通过网络接口单元与远端的另一个媒体网关上的用 户实现媒体流的互通。
PCT/CN2005/002004 2005-11-25 2005-11-25 Systeme de passerelle multimedia et procede permettant l'appel interne de la passerelle multimedia WO2007059650A1 (fr)

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