WO2007044222A2 - Procédé et machine de fabrication de glace à collecte électrothermique - Google Patents

Procédé et machine de fabrication de glace à collecte électrothermique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007044222A2
WO2007044222A2 PCT/US2006/037476 US2006037476W WO2007044222A2 WO 2007044222 A2 WO2007044222 A2 WO 2007044222A2 US 2006037476 W US2006037476 W US 2006037476W WO 2007044222 A2 WO2007044222 A2 WO 2007044222A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ice
ice making
evaporator
making machine
mold
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2006/037476
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2007044222A3 (fr
Inventor
John A. Broadbent
William E. Smith
Original Assignee
Mile High Equipment Co.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US11/485,827 external-priority patent/US7661275B2/en
Application filed by Mile High Equipment Co. filed Critical Mile High Equipment Co.
Priority to EP06825126A priority Critical patent/EP1931927A2/fr
Publication of WO2007044222A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007044222A2/fr
Publication of WO2007044222A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007044222A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C1/00—Producing ice
    • F25C1/04—Producing ice by using stationary moulds
    • F25C1/045—Producing ice by using stationary moulds with the open end pointing downwards
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C5/00—Working or handling ice
    • F25C5/02—Apparatus for disintegrating, removing or harvesting ice
    • F25C5/04—Apparatus for disintegrating, removing or harvesting ice without the use of saws
    • F25C5/08—Apparatus for disintegrating, removing or harvesting ice without the use of saws by heating bodies in contact with the ice
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C2400/00—Auxiliary features or devices for producing, working or handling ice
    • F25C2400/04—Ice guide, e.g. for guiding ice blocks to storage tank
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C2400/00—Auxiliary features or devices for producing, working or handling ice
    • F25C2400/14—Water supply

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an ice making machine and, more particularly, to an ice making machine that harvests ice with electrical energy.
  • FIG. 1 A known ice making machine having a plurality of ice-making cells each of which is opened at the bottom and closed at the top is described in U.S. Patent No. 4, 505,130.
  • This ice machine is shown, by way of example, in Fig. 1 and comprises an ice making mold 1 , a water tank 11 disposed therebelow, an ice bin 12 disposed close to water tank 11 , and an inclined plate 7 positioned intermediate ice making mold 1 and water tank 11 and having a downward gradient towards ice bin 12.
  • Ice making mold 1 has a soup plate-like member 5 having a large number of through-holes with ice making cups 2 engaged in inverted position in the through-holes.
  • Ice making cups 2 define ice making cells closed at the top and opened at the bottom.
  • An evaporator 3 in the form of a heat exchange tube is disposed in heat exchange relation with ice making cups 2.
  • Inclined plate 7 has water spray openings 8 to permit water to be sprayed into the ice making cells 4 from a plurality of spray nozzles 10a of a water spray tube 10 mounted below inclined plate 7 (only one spray nozzle 10a being shown in the drawing). Plate 7 also has water recovery openings 9 to permit recovery into water tank 11 of return water that has been sprayed into the ice making cells but descended unfrozen onto inclined plate 7. Water is supplied to water spray tube 10 by a water circulating pump 11a associated with water tank 11.
  • a water valve WV provided to a water supply tube 6 is opened for supplying water to a cavity 5b of soup plate-like member 5.
  • water valve WV is closed for driving water circulating pump 11a and a refrigerating system including evaporator 3 into operation.
  • This prior art method of harvesting the ice represents a loss in ice making efficiency due to: (a.) the amount of ice that is melted during the harvesting operation caused by the excess heat provided by both the hot gas in evaporator 3 and the warm water introduced onto soup plate-like member 5, (b) the time it takes to perform the harvest operation - such time not being available to make ice, and (c) the excess heating of evaporator 3 - such heat having to be removed from evaporator 3 during the subsequent ice making cycle.
  • the ice making machine of the present invention comprises a water supply, a refrigerant supply, an electrical energy source, a controller and an evaporator assembly that comprises an array of ice forming surfaces.
  • the controller operates the water supply and the refrigerant supply to form ice on the ice forming surfaces.
  • the controller operates the electrical energy source to apply electrical pulse energy to the evaporator assembly to melt an interfacial layer of the ice such that it is freed from the surfaces.
  • the evaporator assembly comprises an ice mold that comprises at least one of the ice forming surfaces.
  • the electrical pulse energy is applied to a member of the group consisting of: the ice mold and an electrically conductive element that is in thermal transfer relation to the ice mold.
  • the evaporator assembly further comprises an evaporator tube and the electrically conductive element comprises the evaporator tube.
  • the electrical energy source is connected in circuit with a segment of the evaporator tube.
  • the segment is between a midpoint and an end point of the evaporator tube.
  • the electrical energy source is further connected in circuit with the midpoint and an opposite end point of the evaporator tube.
  • the end points are connected to a circuit reference.
  • the electrically conductive element comprises an electrically conductive ice mold.
  • the ice mold is selected from the group consisting of: cups and fingers.
  • a method of the present invention makes ice with an ice making machine that comprises an evaporator assembly comprising an array of ice forming surfaces, a water supply, a refrigerant supply and an electrical energy source.
  • the method comprises in a freeze mode operating the water supply and the refrigerant supply to form ice on the ice forming surfaces and in a harvest mode operating the electrical energy source to apply electrical pulse energy to the evaporator assembly to melt an interfacial layer of the ice such that it is freed from the surfaces.
  • the evaporator assembly comprises an ice mold that comprises at least one of the ice forming surfaces.
  • the electrical pulse energy is applied to a member of the group consisting of: the ice mold and an electrically conductive element that is in thermal transfer relation to the ice mold .
  • the evaporator assembly further comprises an evaporator tube, and wherein the electrically conductive element comprises the evaporator tube. IfT aftoiieVem ⁇ bodiment of the method of the present invention, the electrically conductive element comprises an electrically conductive ice mold.
  • the ice mold is selected from the group consisting of: cups and fingers.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view showing substantial parts of the conventional prior art open-cell type ice making machine
  • Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic sectional view showing substantial parts of the open cell type ice making machine according to the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view showing the top of the evaporator assembly as shown in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the evaporator assembly.
  • Fig. 5 is a diagram another embodiment of an ice making machine of the present invention.
  • the ice making machine in one embodiment of the present invention comprises an ice making mold comprising a plurality of inverted ice making cups each defining an ice making cell closed at the top and opened at the tatoTty.a wfetertafifoclisposed below said ice making mold, an ice bin disposed adjacent to said water tank, and an inclined plate mounted between said ice making mold and said water tank with a downward gradient towards said ice bin.
  • the inclined plate has a plurality of water spray openings through which water contained in the water tank can be sprayed towards ice making cells by a water circulating pump through a plurality of spray nozzles positioned on the lower side of the inclined plate.
  • the inclined plate also has a plurality of recovery openings through which water falling on the inclined plate is recovered and restored to the water tank.
  • the prior art configuration of the evaporator is modified to include conductors used to conduct low voltage, high current electrical power to a serpentine copper tube of the evaporator 3. Electrical power is applied to the serpentine copper evaporator tube in a pulse that causes immediate resistance heating of the tube and the ice making cells which are attached to it. This rapid heating of the evaporator and the ice making cells via an electrical pulse causes the ice cubes in the ice making cells to be rapidly melted free from the cells without need for a hot gas defrost or the addition of water to soup plate-like member 5.
  • This rapid melting improves the ice making efficiency of the ice machine by minimizing the amount of ice that is melted during defrost, minimizing the time required (thus allowing more time to make - instead of melt - more ice), and keeping the temperature of the evaporator cups relatively low so that less energy is required to subsequently cool the evaporator.
  • an embodiment of an ice making machine 50 of the present invention is somewhat similar to the ice making machine of Fig. 1 and parts that correspond to parts of the ice making machine of Fig. 1 bear the same reference numerals.
  • the water valve WV and water supply tube 6 are located directly above water tank 11 as shown in Fig. 2.
  • Ice making machine 50 comprises evaporator assembly 62 a ' wat&$ supply 52, a refrigerant supply 54, a controller 56 and a source 60 of electrical energy.
  • Evaporator assembly 62 comprises ice mold 1 and evaporator tube 3.
  • Evaporator tube 3 is interconnected with refrigerant supply 54.
  • the water valve WV is interconnected with water supply 52.
  • Controller 56 controls the freezing and harvesting cycles by appropriately controlling electrical energy, the flow of water and refrigerant to evaporator assembly 62.
  • electrical energy source 60 is connected in circuit with evaporator tube 3, which is constructed of electrically conductive material.
  • evaporator tube may be made of metal, such as copper, aluminum or steel.
  • Electrical energy source 60 is connected via an electrical connector 20 to a midpoint of evaporator tube 3 (electrically equidistant from the ends of evaporator tube 3) and via an electrical connector 24 to a circuit reference, e.g., circuit ground.
  • the ends of evaporator tube 3 are also connected to circuit ground via electrical connectors 20 and 21.
  • electrical energy source 60 is operable at the time of harvest to apply one or more pulses of electric energy to evaporator tube 3 to melt an interfacial layer of the ice at the interface of the ice and evaporator tube 3 sufficiently to loosen the ice so that it falls into ice bin 12.
  • Electrical energy source 60 and the pulsed energy used for thermal de-icing may be of the type described in U.S. Patent No. 6,870,139, U.S. Patent Publication No. 2005/0035110, and U.S. Patent Publication No. 2004/0149734, all of which are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference thereto, that is capable of supplying pulsed energy.
  • Modulating the pulsed energy to the interface of the ice to ice mold 1 and/or evaporator tube 3 modifies a coefficient of friction between the ice and ice mofd 1 a ⁇ d/ ⁇ r ev-aporator tube 3.
  • the electrical pulse energy technology is known as Pulse Electro Thermal De-icing (PETD).
  • a pulse de-icer system heats an interface to a surface of an object so as to disrupt adhesion of ice with the surface.
  • a pulse de-icer explores a very low speed of heat propagation in non-metallic solid materials, including ice, and applies heating power to the interface for time sufficiently short for the heat to escape far from the interface zone; accordingly, most of the heat is used to heat and melt only a very thin layer of ice (hereinafter "interfacial ice").
  • the system preferably includes a power supply configured to generate a magnitude of power.
  • the magnitude of the power has a substantially inverse-proportional relationship to a magnitude of energy used to melt ice at the interface.
  • the pulse de-icer system may also include a controller configured to limit a duration in which the power supply generates the magnitude of the power.
  • the duration has a substantially inverse-proportional relationship to a square of the magnitude of the power.
  • the power supply may further include a switching power supply capable of pulsing voltage.
  • the pulsed voltage may be supplied by a storage device, such as a battery or a capacitor. The battery or capacitor can, thus, be used to supply power to a heating element that is in thermal communication with the interface.
  • This pulse de-icer system may be used to remove ice from a surface of an object such as a ice forming cup or finger, typically by melting an interfacial layer of ice and/or modifying a coefficient of friction of an object-to-ice interface.
  • One such pulse de-icer system for modifying an interface between an evaporator assembly and ice comprises: a power supply, a controller, and a heating element.
  • the power supply is configured for generating power with a magnitude that is substantially inversely proportional to a magnitude of &m$$y%ise, ⁇ $ ⁇ 6 l ⁇ rfae ⁇ ®Merfac ⁇ a ⁇ ice (hereinafter "interfacial ice") at the interface.
  • a heating element is coupled to the power supply to convert the power into heat at the interface.
  • Controller is coupled to the power supply to limit a duration in which the heating element converts the power into heat. In one embodiment, the duration in which the heating element converts the power into heat at the interface is substantially inversely proportional to a square of the magnitude of the power.
  • Controller 56 controls electrical energy source 60 to apply electrical pulse energy when the ice in ice making cells 4 has grown to the desired predetermined size.
  • the electrical pulse energy causes electrical resistance heating of evaporator tube 3 and heating of ice making cups 2 by thermal conduction from evaporator tube 3 to cups 2.
  • the fast, even heating of cups 2 releases the ice in cells 4 more quickly than with the prior art defrost methods, minimizes the amount of melting that occurs, and releases the ice without heating cups 2 to as warm of a temperature.
  • the electrical pulse flows in an electrical circuit comprising evaporator tube 3, conductors 20, 21 and 22.
  • This electrical pulse which flows through the full length of serpentine evaporator tube 3, causes electrical heating of evaporator tube 3.
  • the heating of evaporator tube 3 will in turn, via thermal conduction, causes rapid heating of ice making cups 2, thereby releasing the ice in cells 4.
  • controller 56 controls water valve WV to be first opened in order to allow ice making water to be filled to a predetermined level in water tank 11.
  • controller 56 closes water valve WV for starting the ice making operation.
  • controller 56 controls refrigerant supply 54 to supply refrigerant to evaporator tube 3 for cooling ice making cups 2.
  • Controller 56 operates water circulating pump 11a to supply water contained in water tank 11 to spray nozzles 10a of water spray tube 10.
  • a part of sprayed water is fteieflland affixetl tdthe inner surface of each ice making cup 2 for forming an ice layer, which then grows in size gradually to an ice cube.
  • the water that has not become frozen into ice descends from ice making cups 2 onto inclined plate 7 and then flows through water recovery openings 9 into water tank 11.
  • controller 56 switches ice making machine 50 from an ice making operation, mode or cycle to an ice harvesting operation, mode or cycle.
  • controller 56 stops the operation of water circulating pump 11a so as to stop water spraying from water spray nozzles 10a. Controller 56 then controls electrical pulse source 60 to apply an electrical pulse through conductors 20, 21 and 22 to evaporator tube 3. This causes electrical resistance heating of evaporator tube 3 and, by way of thermal conduction, heats ice making cups 2. The result is that ice making cups 2 are warmed by the electrical pulse. By such warming, the ice cubes in respective ice making cells 4 are melted so that the cubes are detached by gravity from ice making cups 2 and fall onto inclined plate 7. It should be noted that not only water spray openings 8 but also water recovery openings 9 in inclined plate 7 are sufficiently smaller than the ice cubes and, hence, are not obstructive to the ice cubes sliding down on inclined plate 7 into ice bin 12.
  • the arrangement of the present invention provides an automatic ice making machine in which harvesting of the ice is achieved very quickly and in a very energy-efficient manner.
  • an alternate embodiment of the ice making machine of the present invention comprises an evaporator assembly 70 cornprteed' of- evaporator tube 3 and ice forming cups 2.
  • Electrical energy source 60 is connected to evaporator tube 3 at spaced points thereof via electrical connectors 72 and 74. The spaced points could be any points along the length including the ends thereof.
  • Cups 2 are shaped to provide shot glass shaped cubes. Vent holes 76 are provided in cups 2 to break the vacuum as the ice cubes fall during harvest.
  • Ice making machine 80 is similar to ice making machine 50 in that it comprises electrical energy source 60, an evaporator assembly 82, a controller (not shown), a water supply (not shown), a refrigerant supply (not shown), and an ice bin (not shown).
  • Evaporator assembly 82 comprises a plurality of ice making fingers 84 and an evaporator tube 86 that is disposed in contact with fingers 84. Fingers 84 are held in an array by a support 88. As known in the art, in a finger style machine ice is formed by spraying water with spray nozzles 90 on fingers 84. Alternatively, fingers 84 could be dipped into a water sump (not shown) to form ice thereon during the freeze mode.
  • One or more conductive strips 92 is formed on each finger 84.
  • Electrical energy source 60 is connected to conductive strips 92.
  • the controller (not shown) controls electrical energy source 60 to apply pulse energy to conductive strips 92 to melt an interfacial layer of the ice at the interface of the ice and conductors 84 to sufficiently to loosen the ice so that it falls into the ice bin (not shown).
  • the electrical energy can be applied to the conductive fingers and the conductive strips can remain or be omitted depending on how much electrical resistance is needed in a particular design to produce the desired interfacial ice melt.
  • foe molds described in the foregoing embodiments comprise cups and fingers, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that ice molds for other ice shapes can be also be used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Production, Working, Storing, Or Distribution Of Ice (AREA)
  • Immobilizing And Processing Of Enzymes And Microorganisms (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention concerne une machine à glace comprenant un moule avec une pluralité de compartiments de fabrication de glace ouverts à la base, un réservoir d’eau, des injecteurs d’eau conçus pour pulvériser l’eau contenue dans le réservoir vers les compartiments, un bac à glace conçu pour stocker des glaçons formés dans les compartiments et reçus de ceux-ci, et une plaque inclinée à orifices de pulvérisation d’eau et de récupération montée entre le moule à glace et les injecteurs d’eau. Les compartiments de fabrication de glace sont tous fixés à un serpentin d’évaporation, qui est refroidi par un système de réfrigération et aussi chauffé à l’aide d’une énergie d’impulsion électrique. Le chauffage par impulsion électrique des compartiments permet de collecter rapidement et efficacement la glace de ceux-ci.
PCT/US2006/037476 2005-10-06 2006-09-26 Procédé et machine de fabrication de glace à collecte électrothermique WO2007044222A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06825126A EP1931927A2 (fr) 2005-10-06 2006-09-26 Procédé et machine de fabrication de glace à collecte électrothermique

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US72425305P 2005-10-06 2005-10-06
US60/724,253 2005-10-06
US11/485,827 US7661275B2 (en) 2005-10-06 2006-07-13 Ice making method and machine with PETD harvest
US11/485,827 2006-07-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007044222A2 true WO2007044222A2 (fr) 2007-04-19
WO2007044222A3 WO2007044222A3 (fr) 2007-10-11

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2006/037476 WO2007044222A2 (fr) 2005-10-06 2006-09-26 Procédé et machine de fabrication de glace à collecte électrothermique

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EP (1) EP1931927A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007044222A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009011530A2 (fr) * 2007-07-16 2009-01-22 Lg Electronics Inc. Procédé de commande d'appareil à cubes de glace

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3803862A (en) * 1972-12-13 1974-04-16 Gen Electric Refrigerator including automatic ice maker
US6870139B2 (en) * 2002-02-11 2005-03-22 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College Systems and methods for modifying an ice-to-object interface

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3803862A (en) * 1972-12-13 1974-04-16 Gen Electric Refrigerator including automatic ice maker
US6870139B2 (en) * 2002-02-11 2005-03-22 The Trustees Of Dartmouth College Systems and methods for modifying an ice-to-object interface

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009011530A2 (fr) * 2007-07-16 2009-01-22 Lg Electronics Inc. Procédé de commande d'appareil à cubes de glace
WO2009011530A3 (fr) * 2007-07-16 2010-01-07 Lg Electronics Inc. Procédé de commande d'appareil à cubes de glace
US8534088B2 (en) 2007-07-16 2013-09-17 Lg Electronics Inc. Controlling method of ice maker

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1931927A2 (fr) 2008-06-18
WO2007044222A3 (fr) 2007-10-11

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