WO2007031160A1 - Palier - Google Patents

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Publication number
WO2007031160A1
WO2007031160A1 PCT/EP2006/007948 EP2006007948W WO2007031160A1 WO 2007031160 A1 WO2007031160 A1 WO 2007031160A1 EP 2006007948 W EP2006007948 W EP 2006007948W WO 2007031160 A1 WO2007031160 A1 WO 2007031160A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bearing
connecting rod
cover layer
crankshaft
layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/007948
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sergio Stefano Guerreiro
Original Assignee
Thyssenkrupp Automotive Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thyssenkrupp Automotive Ag filed Critical Thyssenkrupp Automotive Ag
Publication of WO2007031160A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007031160A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/14—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
    • F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
    • F16C33/106—Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid
    • F16C33/1075—Wedges, e.g. ramps or lobes, for generating pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C9/00—Bearings for crankshafts or connecting-rods; Attachment of connecting-rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2206/00—Materials with ceramics, cermets, hard carbon or similar non-metallic hard materials as main constituents
    • F16C2206/02—Carbon based material
    • F16C2206/04—Diamond like carbon [DLC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2220/00—Shaping
    • F16C2220/60—Shaping by removing material, e.g. machining
    • F16C2220/62—Shaping by removing material, e.g. machining by turning, boring, drilling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2220/00—Shaping
    • F16C2220/60—Shaping by removing material, e.g. machining
    • F16C2220/66—Shaping by removing material, e.g. machining by milling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2220/00—Shaping
    • F16C2220/60—Shaping by removing material, e.g. machining
    • F16C2220/70—Shaping by removing material, e.g. machining by grinding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2223/00—Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
    • F16C2223/30—Coating surfaces
    • F16C2223/42—Coating surfaces by spraying the coating material, e.g. plasma spraying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2223/00—Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
    • F16C2223/30—Coating surfaces
    • F16C2223/60—Coating surfaces by vapour deposition, e.g. PVD, CVD

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bearing of a connecting rod on a crankshaft in the form of a connecting rod-stroke bearing or a piston pin in a connecting rod in the form of a piston pin receiving the piston bearing. Furthermore, the invention relates to a bearing of a crankshaft in a bearing shell of an engine block in the form of a crankshaft main bearing.
  • DE 197 00 339 C2 The teaching of DE 197 00 339 C2 is directed to the fact that care must be taken when introducing the lubricating oil pockets in the bearing surface on a specific, tailored to the operating viscosity of the lubricating oil sizing of the oil pockets. Only if the dimensions specified in DE 197 00 339 C2 are adhered to, it is ensured that the lubricating oil pockets completely fill with lubricant, so that in conjunction with the except for the sliding surface In operation, a hydrodynamic pressure can build up on all sides connected, tight pocket compared to the smooth surface over the sliding partner and thus surprisingly a contribution to the carrying component can be delivered by the lubricating oil bag.
  • the bearing has at least one carrier layer and a sliding layer which is formed by a plain bearing coating applied to the carrier layer.
  • a plain bearing coating applied to the carrier layer.
  • the aim of the DE 101 32 632 C1 underlying invention is to achieve a precise fine tuning of the oscillating masses of the connecting rod-piston system. This is achieved by reworking the conrod-bearing combination in the manner in the region of the small connecting-rod eye, that material is removed from a mass that corresponds to the deviation of the oscillating mass of the connecting rod-piston combination from a predetermined oscillating mass.
  • the small connecting rod has a multi-layer bearing-forming plain bearing layer, so this serves in addition to their storage properties to To provide the material available, which is needed for a targeted material removal in the region of the small connecting rod for fine tuning of the oscillating masses.
  • the sliding layer forms the inner contour of the bearing and thus the piston pin facing surface of the bearing on which the lubricant film is formed.
  • the strength of the bearing which essentially derives from the carrier layer, is reduced only slightly. From DE 101 32 632 C1, it is also known that a resulting material removal recess in the overlay can be used as a reservoir for the liquid lubricant used.
  • DE 196 12 109 C1 describes a bearing component which can be used as a slide bearing component with a tribologically stressable surface.
  • This bearing component consists of a metal-matrix-composite material whose matrix is formed by an aluminum alloy reinforced with SiC particles.
  • the tribologically stressable surface is the surface of an anodization layer.
  • This anodic oxide includes pits and pores, which can be filled with liquid or pasty sen lubricants such as oil or grease or solid lubricants such as PTFE, graphite, MOS 2 or equivalent. This should give the bearing component excellent sliding and emergency running properties.
  • the depressions and pores thus serve as lubricant depots.
  • bearing pairings between the crank pin of a crankshaft and a bearing shell and between the large connecting rod of a connecting rod and a bearing shell and between the small connecting rod of a connecting rod and a bushing for receiving the piston pin are known.
  • the bearing shell or the bushing can, in an exemplary embodiment, be welded to both its inner and outer surfaces. provided with a three-layer surface coating, wherein the outer layer is a W-DLC layer, the middle layer is a chromium layer and the inner layer is a nickel layer.
  • Such a construction of the sliding bearing pairing is complicated and requires the use of bearing shells and bushes as additional components, which are additionally required in addition to the crankshaft and the connecting rod.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a pair of bearings according to the preamble of claim 1, which is simple and in which an additional bearing element in the form of a separate bearing shell in the case of the connecting rod-stroke bearing or the crankshaft main bearing and in the form of a socket in the case of Storage of the piston pin in the small connecting rod eye of a connecting rod can be dispensed with.
  • the invention is further based on the object, a method for introducing pores / depressions, which serve to receive a dry lubricant, indicate in the mutually facing, a bearing combination according to the invention forming O bervid.
  • the invention is based on the finding that it is possible to dispense with a separate bearing shell in the case of bearing pair "crank pin / large connecting rod eye” or “crankshaft main bearing / bearing block of the motor housing” if one of the bearing bodies provided with a surface coating possessing dry lubrication properties with the surface coating tion comprises a base layer made of a metal alloy and an outer, dry lubricating properties possessing cover layer, and in that the cover layer facing surface of the other bearing body has pore-like depressions, in the abrasion-released material of the cover layer is storable.
  • the pore-like depressions are introduced directly into the surface of the bearing body facing the cover layer.
  • the depressions or pores are used to absorb abrasion-released Dech Anlagen Kunststoffstoff with dry lubrication properties. An adequate supply of the bearing combination with dry lubricant is thus ensured.
  • the bearing can be designed in such a way that it is a dry plain bearing in which lubrication takes place exclusively through the dry lubricant.
  • an additional liquid lubricant such as oil can then be waived.
  • a liquid lubricant may also be used. If an additional liquid lubricant is used, the depressions / pores cause a hydrodynamic pressure to form between the mutually facing surfaces of the bearing bodies, as long as these surfaces move relative to one another at a sufficient relative speed. As a result, the lubrication can be further improved. However, even if the relative velocity of the surfaces moving towards one another is not sufficiently high for the formation of a hydrodynamic pressure, the recesses / pores in each case bring about an improved lubrication and lubricant supply of the bearing surfaces.
  • the bearing pair forming component surfaces are arranged directly adjacent to each other, ie without a separate bearing shell or bearing bush is provided between the component surfaces.
  • a separate bearing shell or bearing bush is provided between the component surfaces.
  • abrasion of the cover layer material occurs in every case and deposition of this cover layer material released by abrasion in the recesses / pores in the surface of the other bearing body, which faces the cover layer.
  • a dry lubrication without liquid lubricant an adequate supply of lubricant to the bearing is ensured by the cover layer material acting as a dry lubricant.
  • a liquid lubricant for example, oil
  • a sufficiently large relative movement between the bearing surfaces results in the formation of hydrodynamic lubrication between the bearing surfaces immediately adjacent to one another. If the relative speed of the bearing surfaces to one another is not sufficiently high for the formation of a hydrodynamic pressure, better lubrication of the bearing through the pores / depressions is achieved in each case.
  • the pores / recesses may prove useful to provide the pores / recesses not only in the component surface of the pair of bearings assigned to the cover layer, but also to provide the surface of the cover layer itself with recesses / pores. In this way, a more uniform distribution of the cover layer material and / or the liquid lubricant over the entire bearing surface can be achieved.
  • the recesses / pores are provided in the surface of the bearing surface of the second bearing body and the surface coating is provided only on the bearing seat of the first bearing body.
  • the conditions are exactly the opposite. As already stated above, it is in According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is also possible to provide the bearing surfaces of both bearing bodies of a bearing pair with depressions / pores.
  • the depressions / pores can advantageously be introduced by means of a blasting process.
  • a blasting process particularly suitable for this purpose is a laser-beam method or an abrasive blasting method in which small solid particles impinge on the surfaces to be treated at high speed, so that plastic deformation and / or abrasive wear of the treated surfaces occurs due to the impact of the solid particles.
  • other methods for introducing the pores / depressions in the surfaces are conceivable.
  • electroerosion, chemical etching, expansion tools i.e., tools which, by means of expansive force, locally depress the surface to be treated to produce impressions and depressions / pores).
  • the first bearing body is designed as a crankpin of the crankshaft, on which the large connecting rod eye of the connecting rod is directly mounted.
  • the storage according to the invention designed as a piston bearing, i. that is, as a bearing for a piston of an internal combustion engine on a connecting rod
  • the first bearing body is formed as a piston pin, which in the small connecting rod eye of the connecting rod directly, i. without interposing a bearing bush is stored.
  • the piston pin is in this case connected to the piston, so that the piston is mounted on the piston pin in the small connecting rod eye of the connecting rod.
  • the invention provides that in the annular side surfaces of the connecting rod forming connecting rod portions and / or in the installed state of the connecting rod these annular side surfaces facing surface areas of the crankshaft are provided with depressions / pores. These serve in this case to receive a liquid lubricant, such as oil.
  • a liquid lubricant such as oil.
  • the internal combustion engine form the annular side surfaces of the conrod-forming connecting rod and the annular side surfaces facing surface areas of the crankshaft namely a friction pair, so that a low-wear hydrodynamic lubrication or at least improved lubrication of these facing surfaces reduces wear and thus extends the life.
  • annular side surfaces of the conrod-forming connecting rod sections and / or in the installed state of the connecting rod these annular side surfaces facing surface areas of the crankshaft with depressions / pores.
  • it must then be ensured that at least the surface areas of the other bearing partner assigned to the depressions / pores are coated with a surface coating with dry lubrication properties.
  • the annular side surfaces of the conrod portions forming the connecting rod and the surface areas of the crankshaft facing these annular side surfaces form a dry friction pairing (dry tribological system).
  • the bearing combination according to the invention relates to the main bearing of a crankshaft, in which the bearing journals and the other main bearing portions of the crankshaft are mounted in bearing blocks of the engine block
  • the surface coating according to the invention is preferably provided on the bearing journal and the main bearing portions of the crankshaft, while the recesses / pores for receiving of the cover layer material released by abrasion is formed in the bearing journals / main bearing sections associated bearing surfaces of the bearing blocks of the motor housing. It is understood that a pair of bearings according to the invention can advantageously be provided at all three points at the same time, namely both on the main bearings and on the connecting rod crank bearings and on the piston bearings.
  • the invention also relates to a crankshaft with bearing journals and main bearing sections for the crankshaft main bearings and with crank pins for the connecting rod crank bearings, wherein at least one bearing journal and / or main bearing section and / or at least one crank journal has a surface coating with dry lubrication properties comprising a base layer comprising a metal alloy and an outer, dry lubrication possessing cover layer.
  • a crankshaft prepared in this way is therefore likewise included in the concept of the invention because the crankshaft prepared in this way already has all the features of the coated bearing body which are necessary for forming a bearing pair according to the invention.
  • the invention is also directed to a connecting rod with a large and a small connecting rod eye, wherein the surfaces of the inner walls of the large and / or small connecting rod eye pore-like depressions for receiving abrasively released cover layer material with dry lubrication properties of the top layer of the surface coating have the Hubzapfens or the piston pin other bearing partner.
  • a connecting rod prepared in this way already contains the necessary features that are required to form a pair of bearings according to the invention between the connecting rods and the other bearing body (crank pin or piston pin).
  • a surface coating according to the invention different coating methods can be used. Suitable is, for example, the PVD process (Physical Vapor Deposition) or the CVD process (Chemical Vapor Deposition). Variants of these methods, such as the PACVD method (Plasma Assisted CVD) are suitable coating methods for the Apply the surface coating.
  • the abovementioned coating methods thin layers with a thickness in the micrometer range can be applied to the carrier surfaces.
  • the thin film may also be applied by thermal spraying methods, such as the HVOF method (High Velocity Oxigen Fuel) or the APS method (Athmospheric Plasma Spray).
  • thermal spray coatings meet the tribological stresses of storage and make it possible to dispense with additional bearing elements.
  • the thin films deposited by the aforementioned thermal spray processes have a different microstructure than the thin films deposited by PVD or CVD processes.
  • the deposited by PVD and CVD coating processes layers usually have a very dense microstructure and high hardness.
  • part of the cover layer material is transferred to the other storage partner by friction and abrasion in the invention. Since the other storage partner has pore-like depressions in its surface, the cover layer material is stored in these pores / wells, so that the pores / wells always maintain a certain amount of dry lubricant for the lubrication of the storage.
  • the surface coating is formed by a DLC layer, a transfer of a carbon content of the cover layer into the pores / recesses of the texture of the other storage partner takes place.
  • On the surface-coated bearing body remains a certain amount of carbon.
  • a so-called "interlayer layer” is formed, which has carbon embedded in the tungsten carbide layer (WC layer), chromium nitride layer (CrN layer) or a metal alloy, in particular a chromium-based alloy, in the base layer a significant reduction of Friction and an improved tribological system with excellent sliding properties and low wear.
  • the base layer may, as mentioned above, be formed as a WC layer, CrN layer or as a metal alloy.
  • the metal alloys used are preferably chromium-based alloys of the type (Cr x : M y ) N.
  • the atomic proportion of chromium is more than 50%.
  • Aluminuim (AI) can be used particularly advantageously as the metal element M.
  • the nitrogen (N) is present as nitrogen dissolved in the metal lattice / embedded nitrogen.
  • the transfer of the cover layer material from the surface layer of the surface coating into the pores / recesses in the surface of the storage partner results in a reduction of the friction between the relatively moving bearing surfaces and an improved lubrication due to the incorporation of dry lubricant elements.
  • the dry lubricating elements are e.g. an alloy, the dry lubrication effect of these elements can be optimally utilized with the invention.
  • the lower friction coefficient between the mutually moved bearing surfaces leads to less wear of these surfaces.
  • the method according to the invention differs very clearly from the impressions of lubricating oil pockets known from the prior art (DE 197 00 339 C2). Also, the inventive method completely different from the known from DE 101 32 632 C1 method for the targeted removal of material of a certain mass a plain bearing coating for the purpose of fine-tuning the oscillating masses.
  • a treatment method which is preferably designed as a blasting method and in particular as an abrasive blasting method working with solid particles, firstly peaks and depressions are formed on the treated surface. Subsequently, the treated surface of a material-removing machining is subjected such that the tips are partially removed and the recesses partially retained. In this way, a continuous smooth and supporting surface is formed, which forms the actual storage area. In this smooth and supporting surface, the remaining wells, which are not connected to each other, arranged distributed and form the pore-like depressions for receiving exposed by abrasion cover layer material of the outer layer and possibly additionally used liquid lubricant.
  • the inventive method is less expensive and less expensive than the known from the prior art Ein josgeclar according to DE 197 00 339 C2 in terms of processing costs and tool costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the arrangement of crankshaft, connecting rod and
  • FIG. 3 shows a connecting rod with prepared in accordance with the invention annular side surfaces of the connecting rod forming connecting rod sections in side view
  • Fig. 4 shows a crankshaft with prepared in accordance with the invention crank pin, journals and main bearing sections
  • 5 is an enlarged view of a provided according to the invention with pores / wells bearing body to illustrate the surface details
  • Fig. 6 is a prepared for storage according to the invention bearing shell of a crankshaft main bearing in the radial half section.
  • FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the detail X of Fig. 4th
  • FIG. 1 an arrangement of the crankshaft K, connecting rod P and piston KO is shown schematically in side view. It can be seen that the connecting rod P is mounted on a crank pin H of the crankshaft K. At the end of the connecting rod P opposite the crank pin H, a piston pin B is mounted in the invisible piston rod eye concealed by the piston KO, which is connected to the piston KO.
  • the invention relates to several bearing pairings of the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, namely on the one bearing on the large connecting rod of the connecting rod P on the crank pin H of the crankshaft K 1 on the other to the bearing of the piston pin B in the small connecting rod eye of the connecting rod P and Also to the bearing not shown in Fig. 1 of the bearing pin 8 and the main bearing portions HP, 15 of the crankshaft K in corresponding bearing blocks, not shown, of the engine block.
  • a connecting rod is shown in axial half section, in which the large connecting rod 4 a and the small connecting rod 4 b are provided according to the invention with pore-like recesses 7.
  • the large connecting rod eye 4a of the connecting rod P is mounted on a crankpin H of the crankshaft K, wherein the crankpin H has a surface coating applied by a coating method.
  • the material of the cover layer of this surface coating rubs off during operation, so that it is released.
  • the released cover layer material then settles in the cavities of the individual pouches. Ren / recesses 7, so that it always holds a certain amount of top layer material, which has dry lubrication properties. In this way it is ensured that the storage is always supplied with a sufficient amount of dry lubricant.
  • a hydrodynamic pressure and / or improved lubrication forms between the crankpin H and the inner wall 5a of the connecting rod 4a or between the main bearing sections HP and the associated bearing shells 9 of the engine block Lubricating and low-wear bearing of the connecting rod P on the crank pin H of the crankshaft K ensures. It is understood that a corresponding hydrodynamic pressure only occurs when there is a sufficient relative speed of the mutually moving bearing surfaces.
  • the pores / depressions 7 according to the invention are also introduced into the surface of the inner wall 5b in the small connecting rod eye 4b.
  • a piston pin B (not shown in FIG. 2) is mounted directly in the installed state.
  • the surface of the piston pin B is provided with the surface coating according to the invention.
  • the deposition of cover layer material of this surface coating in the pores / recesses 7 of the inner wall 5b of the small connecting rod 4b takes place in the same manner as described above. Again, the dry lubricating properties of the coating material are exploited.
  • the bearing of the piston pin B in the small connecting rod 4b can also be lubricated in addition to the surface coating with dry lubrication properties by a liquid lubricant, which is supplied in a conventional manner to this bearing.
  • a liquid lubricant supplied in a conventional manner to this bearing. In the operating state is formed - if there is a sufficient speed of the relative movement of the mutually moving bearing surfaces - between the inner wall 5b of the small connecting rod 4b and the outer surface of the piston pin B also a hydrodynamic pressure, for a safe and low-wear bearing of the piston pin B in the small connecting rod 4b ensures.
  • connecting rod is shown in side view. It can be seen that on the annular side surfaces 4c, 4e of the connecting rod eyes 4a, 4b forming Pleuelab bainauere pore-like recesses 7 are incorporated for receiving exposed by abrasion cover layer material of the surface coating and / or a liquid lubricant. In the same way, the pores / depressions 7 are also introduced at the rear, invisible annular side surfaces 4d and 4f of the connecting rod eyes 4a, 4b forming connecting rod sections. In the installed state of the connecting rod these annular side surfaces 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f assigned to certain surface areas of the crankshaft and form a friction pairing with these.
  • crankshaft are preferably likewise coated with a surface coating according to the invention, so that the cover layer material released by abrasion can deposit in these pores / depressions 7.
  • a dry lubrication is achieved by the thin-film material at the annular side surfaces 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4e, 4f of the connecting rod eyes 4a, 4b and thus ensures a safe and low-wear lubrication of this friction pairing.
  • an improvement of the lubrication by the use of an additional liquid lubricant, such as oil, can also be achieved here.
  • a hydrodynamic pressure can be formed in the presence of a sufficient relative speed of the mutually moving bearing surfaces, which ensures reliable lubrication of the friction pairing.
  • the wear can be further reduced in this area and the service life can be further increased.
  • the lubrication of the friction pair is improved, ie even if no hydrodynamic pressure is formed.
  • crankshaft K is shown in side view.
  • the crankshaft K has bearing journals 8 with a surface 8a.
  • the bearing pins 8 and the main bearing portions 15 of the crankshaft K are mounted in the installed state in bearing blocks 9 (FIG. 6), not shown, of the engine block and form the main bearings of the crankshaft.
  • the crankshaft K shown in FIG. 4 is prepared for the inventive bearing in such a way that the surface 8a of the bearing pin 8 and the surfaces 15a of the main bearing portions 15 are coated with a surface coating according to the invention. These surface coatings are schematically indicated in FIG. 4 by a hatching of the corresponding surface regions.
  • crank pin H serving as a bearing body 1 for the large connecting rod eyes of a connecting rod P Hubzapfen H are also shown, wherein the surfaces of the crank pin H are provided with the surface coating according to the invention (hatched area).
  • Fig. 4 only two crank pins are representative of all crank pins provided with the reference numeral H of the crankshaft K and the surface coatings are only indicated in relation to these crank pins.
  • the surface areas of the crankshaft K, which in the installed state are associated with the annular side surfaces 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f of the connecting rod sections 4a, 4b, can also be provided with the surface coating according to the invention (not visible in FIG. 4 because of the side view) to ensure between the annular side surfaces 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f and the associated surface areas of the crankshaft K an improved, safe and low-wear lubrication of this friction pair.
  • the pores / recesses 7 are introduced, for example, in the inner surface of the large connecting rod of a connecting rod P according to the invention.
  • the inner surface is treated with a suitable treatment method, e.g. a blasting process, in particular a working with solid particles abrasive blasting process.
  • a suitable treatment method e.g. a blasting process, in particular a working with solid particles abrasive blasting process.
  • solid particles are irradiated onto the inner surface of the connecting rod eye with a large impact velocity, so that a plastic deformation of the material and / or an abrasive wear takes place with the formation of tips 12 and depressions 13.
  • the treated surface is subjected to a material-removing treatment, such as, for example, turning, milling or grinding or a combination of these processing methods.
  • a material-removing treatment such as, for example, turning, milling or grinding or a combination of these processing methods.
  • the tips 12 are partially removed and the recesses 13 are partially retained, so that a continuous smooth and supporting surface 14 is formed (see the lower illustration in Fig. 5).
  • This smoothing and supporting surface 14 serves as a ger Structure that forms a bearing combination according to the invention with the coated surface of the crank pin H of a crankshaft.
  • the remaining after the material processing in the remaining surface recesses 13 form the pores / recesses 7, which serve to receive the liberated by abrasion dry lubricant / outer layer material of the surface coating.
  • Fig. 6 shows a half-shell-shaped bearing block 9 of an engine block, not shown, with an inner wall 9a in the radial half section. On the circumferential inner wall 9a, the non-interconnected pores / recesses 7 are arranged distributed.
  • the bearing block 9 which is fixedly connected to the engine block of an internal combustion engine and in particular integrally formed therewith, the bearing pin 8 and the other main bearing portions 15 of the crankshaft K are stored, so that bearing combination according to the invention is formed in the form of a crankshaft main bearing.
  • the bearing journals 8 and / or the main bearing sections 15 of the crankshaft K are coated with a surface coating according to the invention with dry lubricating properties.
  • FIG. 7 shows a sectional view of the detail marked "X" in FIG. 4.
  • This figure merely serves to clarify the layer structure of the surface coating according to the invention, which is designed here as a DLC layer (diamond-like carbon layer).
  • the base material G of the crankshaft, or more precisely of the crankshaft crankpin H, is applied with the surface coating consisting of the base layer 20 and the outer cover layer 30 arranged thereon
  • the base layer 20 consists of a metal-based alloy, preferably of a chromium-based alloy
  • the carbon of this cover layer 30 has very good dry lubrication properties
  • the material of this cover layer 30 is released according to the invention by abrasion and embedded in the pores / depressions of the bearing surface facing this cover layer. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appariement de paliers comportant un premier élément palier (1) et un deuxième élément palier (2), le premier élément palier (1) formant un siège de vilebrequin ou un pied de bielle à loger dans une petite tête de bielle et le deuxième élément palier (2) constituant une tête de bielle ou un support de palier d'un carter-moteur pour former avec le premier élément palier (1) un palier lisse. Un des éléments paliers (1, 2) a un revêtement superficiel à propriétés de lubrification à sec, ce revêtement comprenant une couche de base (20) faite d'un métal, d'un carbure métallique ou d'un alliage métallique, et une couche de couverture (30) externe ayant des propriétés de lubrification à sec. La surface orientée vers la couche de couverture (30) de l'autre élément palier (2, 1) est dotée d'évidements (5) de type pores, dans lesquels peut se loger du matériau libéré par frottement de la couche de couverture (30).
PCT/EP2006/007948 2005-09-09 2006-08-11 Palier WO2007031160A1 (fr)

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DE102005043217A DE102005043217A1 (de) 2005-09-09 2005-09-09 Lagerung

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WO2011006221A1 (fr) * 2009-07-15 2011-01-20 Mahle Metal Leve S/A Demi-coussinet pour moteurs à combustion interne de véhicules
DE102012113226B3 (de) * 2012-12-28 2014-06-12 Phitea GmbH Hydrodynamisches Auffanglager
WO2018058103A1 (fr) * 2016-09-26 2018-03-29 General Electric Company Ensemble bielle pour améliorer un écoulement de lubrification dans un système mécanique à va-et-vient
FR3068428A1 (fr) * 2017-07-03 2019-01-04 H.E.F. Axe couple a un palier, procede de fabrication d'un tel axe, et systeme mecanique comprenant un tel axe
WO2019008266A1 (fr) 2017-07-03 2019-01-10 H.E.F. Système mécanique comprenant un axe couplé a un palier, et procédé de fabrication d'un tel système

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US8424445B2 (en) 2009-06-02 2013-04-23 Mahle International Gmbh Connecting rod bore
US8245687B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2012-08-21 Mahle International Gmbh Profiled connecting rod bore with micro-dimples
DE102010033543A1 (de) * 2010-08-05 2012-02-09 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Beschichtung von Stahl-Bauteilen
EP2813720B1 (fr) 2013-03-09 2017-04-19 Wieland-Werke AG Système de palier
DE102013004151B4 (de) 2013-03-09 2015-11-26 Wieland-Werke Ag Lagersystem
DE202013002328U1 (de) 2013-03-09 2013-03-26 Wieland-Werke Ag Lagersystem
EP4200533A1 (fr) 2020-08-19 2023-06-28 Rübig Gesellschaft m.b.H & Co. KG Élément de palier lisse

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Cited By (11)

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WO2011006221A1 (fr) * 2009-07-15 2011-01-20 Mahle Metal Leve S/A Demi-coussinet pour moteurs à combustion interne de véhicules
CN102667198A (zh) * 2009-07-15 2012-09-12 马勒发动机零部件巴西有限公司 用于车辆内燃机的轴瓦片
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CN101793177A (zh) * 2010-03-30 2010-08-04 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 一种发动机连杆结构
DE102012113226B3 (de) * 2012-12-28 2014-06-12 Phitea GmbH Hydrodynamisches Auffanglager
WO2018058103A1 (fr) * 2016-09-26 2018-03-29 General Electric Company Ensemble bielle pour améliorer un écoulement de lubrification dans un système mécanique à va-et-vient
FR3068428A1 (fr) * 2017-07-03 2019-01-04 H.E.F. Axe couple a un palier, procede de fabrication d'un tel axe, et systeme mecanique comprenant un tel axe
WO2019008266A1 (fr) 2017-07-03 2019-01-10 H.E.F. Système mécanique comprenant un axe couplé a un palier, et procédé de fabrication d'un tel système
WO2019008265A1 (fr) 2017-07-03 2019-01-10 H.E.F. Axe couplé a un palier, procédé de fabrication d'un tel axe, et système mécanique comprenant un tel axe
CN110832210A (zh) * 2017-07-03 2020-02-21 H.E.F.公司 包括联接至轴承的轴的机械系统以及制造这种系统的方法

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