WO2007029151A2 - Uv lamp for treatment of the skin - Google Patents

Uv lamp for treatment of the skin Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007029151A2
WO2007029151A2 PCT/IB2006/053066 IB2006053066W WO2007029151A2 WO 2007029151 A2 WO2007029151 A2 WO 2007029151A2 IB 2006053066 W IB2006053066 W IB 2006053066W WO 2007029151 A2 WO2007029151 A2 WO 2007029151A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lamp
red light
spectrum
skin
radiation energy
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2006/053066
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2007029151A3 (en
Inventor
Giovanna Wagenaar Cacciola
Arjan Van Der Pol
Matthias Born
Marc Janssen
Marco Haverlag
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V., Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority to JP2008529737A priority Critical patent/JP2009506856A/en
Priority to EP06795870A priority patent/EP1926797A2/en
Priority to US12/065,623 priority patent/US20080255547A1/en
Publication of WO2007029151A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007029151A2/en
Publication of WO2007029151A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007029151A3/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
    • C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
    • C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
    • C09K11/7766—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals
    • C09K11/778—Borates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
    • C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
    • C09K11/61—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine or unspecified halogen elements
    • C09K11/615—Halogenides
    • C09K11/616—Halogenides with alkali or alkaline earth metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
    • C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
    • C09K11/66—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing germanium, tin or lead
    • C09K11/666—Aluminates; Silicates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
    • C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
    • C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
    • C09K11/7728—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing europium
    • C09K11/774—Borates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N2005/0658—Radiation therapy using light characterised by the wavelength of light used
    • A61N2005/0661—Radiation therapy using light characterised by the wavelength of light used ultraviolet
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N2005/0658—Radiation therapy using light characterised by the wavelength of light used
    • A61N2005/0662—Visible light
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
    • A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
    • A61N5/0616—Skin treatment other than tanning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/125—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having an halogenide as principal component

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a UV lamp for treatment of the skin, which lamp has a radiation capacity substantially entirely in the UV spectrum and in the red-light spectrum.
  • a UV lamp for treatment of the skin which lamp has a radiation capacity substantially entirely in the UV spectrum and in the red-light spectrum.
  • the red-light component in the known lamp is produced by phosphors having colour wavelengths substantially below 600 nm, which improves the colour rendition, and avoids an unflattering appearance of the skin and clothes of the person using the lamp.
  • Irradiation with UV light is widely used for medical or aesthetical treatments like psoriasis and acne treatment, and for sun tanning.
  • Fluorescent lamps specifically aimed at treatment of psoriasis are supplied by PhilipsTM, and also various types of fluorescent and high-pressure sun tanning lamps are offered by several manufacturers.
  • UV-radiation can be used to influence the concentration of NO molecules in the skin (see: Suschek CV. et al., FASEB J 17, 2342-2344, 2003), which can influence the metabolic processes in the skin.
  • the invention aims at a lamp of the above-mentioned type, which has more positive effects on the health of a person than prior art lamps.
  • the radiation capacity of the lamp in the red light spectrum between 600 nm and 700 nm is at least 3% of the radiation energy capacity in the UV spectrum.
  • Red light in this spectrum stimulates the formation of collagen in the skin and the proliferation of fibroblasts, which both improve the elasticity of the skin.
  • the function of the red light is to promote the formation of ATP (proto-collagen) which is converted into collagen later (see: Weiss R.A., McDaniel D.H., Geronimus R.G., Sem. Cut. Med. Am. Surg., Vol. 22, No. 2, 2003, pp93-106; Weiss R.A., McDaniel D.H., Geronemus R.G. et al., Lasers in surgery and medicine, 36-85, 91, 2005).
  • ATP proto-collagen
  • the radiation capacity of the lamp in the red light spectrum between 600 nm and 700 nm is at least 6% of the radiation energy capacity in the UV spectrum.
  • the radiation energy capacity of the lamp in the red light spectrum between 630 nm and 700 nm is at least 3%, preferably at least 6% of the radiation energy capacity in the UV spectrum.
  • the lamp is a UV fluorescent lamp, wherein the vessel of the lamp is coated with a first UV emitting phosphor and a second red light emitting phosphor, wherein the red light emitting phosphor is for instance CeGdMgB 5 O 10 ITb 5 Mn ("CBTM phosphor").
  • This red light emitting phosphor has a radiation spectrum between 600 nm and 700 nm, with a peak at approximately 630 - 635 nm, and can for instance be used in the lamp described in US 4,645,969, wherein it would replace the red- light emitting phosphors described therein.
  • the lamp is a UV HID lamp, wherein the vessel of the lamp contains a first UV radiating salt and a second red light radiating salt, and wherein the red light radiation salt is LiI and/or CaI 2 .
  • the red light radiation salt can for instance be added to a lamp of the type PhilipsTM Cleo UV HPA 400S, which is a high pressure iron/cobalt metal halide lamp without any phosphor coating, having a nominal power of 400 W, mainly radiating in the UVA spectrum.
  • a lamp having a nominal power between 100 W and 800 W the vessel preferably contains between 0.05 and 1 mg, more preferably between 0.10 mg and 0.5 mg, still more preferably between 0.2 mg and 0.3 mg of the red light radiation salt.
  • the preferred dose of red light between 630 nm and 700 nm during one sun tanning session wherein the lamp of the invention is used, is at least 2 J per cm 2 skin, compared to a preferred dose of UV light of approximately 20 J per cm 2 skin.
  • Fig. 1 shows a low-pressure mercury discharge UV lamp (partly in section view); and Fig. 2 shows a high-pressure metal halide discharge UV lamp.
  • a low pressure mercury discharge lamp for skin tanning purposes comprises a tubular soda lime silicate glass vessel 10, having electrodes 20 at both ends.
  • the electrodes are electrically connected with two connectors 30, which extend from end caps 40.
  • the vessel 10 is filled with a well-known low-pressure inert gas filling, such as argon, and a small amount of mercury. Since this kind of low pressure mercury discharge lamp is well-known in the art, apart from the applied phosphors, further details of the lamp are not explained here.
  • the inner surface of the vessel 10 is coated with a phosphor mixture 50 of at least two phosphors.
  • the first phosphor is a phosphor that radiates in the UV spectrum, such as SrB 4 O 7 :Eu (“SBE phosphor") or BaSi 2 O 5 :Pb (“BSP phosphor”).
  • the second phosphor is CeGdMgB 5 O 10 ITb 5 Mn (“CBTM phosphor”), a phosphor that radiates red light in the spectrum between 600 nm and 700 nm when the lamp is ignited. Approximately 15% (by weight) of the phosphor mix consists of the CBTM phosphor.
  • a high pressure metal halide discharge lamp for skin tanning purposes comprises a tubular quartz vessel 110, having electrodes 120 at both ends.
  • the electrodes 120 are electrically connected with two connectors 130 by means of Mo-foils 150, which extend through a pinch 140 at both ends, .
  • the vessel 110 is filled with a well-known high-pressure inert gas filling, such as argon and a small amount of mercury, as well as a cobalt and iron metal halide salt mix. Since this kind of high-pressure metal halide discharge lamp is well-known in the art (it is known as the PhilipsTM Cleo Suntanning Lamp HPA 400S), apart from the additional salts, further details of the lamp are not explained here.
  • the vessel 110 further contains approximately 0.25 mg LiI and/or CaI 2 as a red light radiation salt. When the lamp is ignited these salts radiate red light in the spectrum between 600 nm and 700 nm.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

UV lamp for treatment of the skin, which lamp has a radiation capacity substantially entirely in the UV spectrum and in the red-light spectrum, wherein the radiation capacity of the lamp in the red light spectrum between 600 nm and 700 nm is at least 3% of the radiation capacity in the UV spectrum. In a first embodiment the lamp is a UV fluorescent lamp, having a first UV emitting phosphor and a second red light emitting phosphor, wherein the red light emitting phosphor is CeGdMgB5O10:Tb,Mn. In a second embodiment the lamp is a UV HID lamp, wherein the bulb of the lamp contains LiI and/or CaI2 as a red light radiation salt.

Description

UV lamp for treatment of the skin
The invention relates to a UV lamp for treatment of the skin, which lamp has a radiation capacity substantially entirely in the UV spectrum and in the red-light spectrum. Such a lamp is disclosed in US 4,645,969.
The red-light component in the known lamp is produced by phosphors having colour wavelengths substantially below 600 nm, which improves the colour rendition, and avoids an unflattering appearance of the skin and clothes of the person using the lamp.
Irradiation with UV light is widely used for medical or aesthetical treatments like psoriasis and acne treatment, and for sun tanning. Fluorescent lamps specifically aimed at treatment of psoriasis are supplied by Philips™, and also various types of fluorescent and high-pressure sun tanning lamps are offered by several manufacturers. Moreover it is known that UV-radiation can be used to influence the concentration of NO molecules in the skin (see: Suschek CV. et al., FASEB J 17, 2342-2344, 2003), which can influence the metabolic processes in the skin.
It is known that prolonged exposure to UV radiation can lead to photo-aging of the skin. Skin exposed to excessive UV radiation develops leathery texture, wrinkles, skin folds, sagging skin, warty growths called keratoses, freckling, and a yellow discoloration due to abnormal elastic tissue. People with the greatest risk of developing photo-aged skin are those with skins that burn easily, and who don't tan because they have less melanin in their skin. It is known that this is caused by the UV- induced breakdown of elastin in the skin, which reduces the elasticity of the skin. In photo-damaged skin the fiber elastic fibers are thick, highly curled and branched. Excessive sun exposure decreases the amount of collagen, because collagen is degraded due to the product of chronic inflammation released after UV damage (see: Berardesca E., Farinelli N., Rebbiosi G., Maibach H.I., Dermatologica 182, 1-6, 1991; Warren R., Gartstein V., Kligman A.M., Montagana W. et al., J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 25, 751-60,1991).
The invention aims at a lamp of the above-mentioned type, which has more positive effects on the health of a person than prior art lamps.
According to the invention the radiation capacity of the lamp in the red light spectrum between 600 nm and 700 nm is at least 3% of the radiation energy capacity in the UV spectrum. Red light in this spectrum stimulates the formation of collagen in the skin and the proliferation of fibroblasts, which both improve the elasticity of the skin. The function of the red light is to promote the formation of ATP (proto-collagen) which is converted into collagen later (see: Weiss R.A., McDaniel D.H., Geronimus R.G., Sem. Cut. Med. Am. Surg., Vol. 22, No. 2, 2003, pp93-106; Weiss R.A., McDaniel D.H., Geronemus R.G. et al., Lasers in surgery and medicine, 36-85, 91, 2005).
Preferably the radiation capacity of the lamp in the red light spectrum between 600 nm and 700 nm is at least 6% of the radiation energy capacity in the UV spectrum. Also preferably the radiation energy capacity of the lamp in the red light spectrum between 630 nm and 700 nm is at least 3%, preferably at least 6% of the radiation energy capacity in the UV spectrum.
In a first preferred embodiment the lamp is a UV fluorescent lamp, wherein the vessel of the lamp is coated with a first UV emitting phosphor and a second red light emitting phosphor, wherein the red light emitting phosphor is for instance CeGdMgB5O10ITb5Mn ("CBTM phosphor"). This red light emitting phosphor has a radiation spectrum between 600 nm and 700 nm, with a peak at approximately 630 - 635 nm, and can for instance be used in the lamp described in US 4,645,969, wherein it would replace the red- light emitting phosphors described therein. Although also MgGeO6 :Mn is known to have a radiation spectrum between 630 nm and 700 nm, it is unsuitable for the application of the current invention because it absorbs almost the entire UVA and UVB radiation, and therefore can not be applied in a quantity high enough to have the desired effect on the health of the skin. Effectively 6% - 30%, preferably 10% - 20%, (by weight) of the phosphor mix consists of the red light emitting phosphor, whereby the above described radiation energy levels can be achieved. In a second preferred embodiment the lamp is a UV HID lamp, wherein the vessel of the lamp contains a first UV radiating salt and a second red light radiating salt, and wherein the red light radiation salt is LiI and/or CaI2. The red light radiation salt can for instance be added to a lamp of the type Philips™ Cleo UV HPA 400S, which is a high pressure iron/cobalt metal halide lamp without any phosphor coating, having a nominal power of 400 W, mainly radiating in the UVA spectrum. In a lamp having a nominal power between 100 W and 800 W the vessel preferably contains between 0.05 and 1 mg, more preferably between 0.10 mg and 0.5 mg, still more preferably between 0.2 mg and 0.3 mg of the red light radiation salt. The preferred dose of red light between 630 nm and 700 nm during one sun tanning session wherein the lamp of the invention is used, is at least 2 J per cm2 skin, compared to a preferred dose of UV light of approximately 20 J per cm2 skin.
The invention will be further explained by means of exemplary embodiments and with reference to the drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows a low-pressure mercury discharge UV lamp (partly in section view); and Fig. 2 shows a high-pressure metal halide discharge UV lamp.
According to Fig. 1 a low pressure mercury discharge lamp for skin tanning purposes comprises a tubular soda lime silicate glass vessel 10, having electrodes 20 at both ends. The electrodes are electrically connected with two connectors 30, which extend from end caps 40.
The vessel 10 is filled with a well-known low-pressure inert gas filling, such as argon, and a small amount of mercury. Since this kind of low pressure mercury discharge lamp is well-known in the art, apart from the applied phosphors, further details of the lamp are not explained here.
The inner surface of the vessel 10 is coated with a phosphor mixture 50 of at least two phosphors. The first phosphor is a phosphor that radiates in the UV spectrum, such as SrB4O7:Eu ("SBE phosphor") or BaSi2O5:Pb ("BSP phosphor"). The second phosphor is CeGdMgB5O10ITb5Mn ("CBTM phosphor"), a phosphor that radiates red light in the spectrum between 600 nm and 700 nm when the lamp is ignited. Approximately 15% (by weight) of the phosphor mix consists of the CBTM phosphor.
According to Fig. 2 a high pressure metal halide discharge lamp for skin tanning purposes comprises a tubular quartz vessel 110, having electrodes 120 at both ends. The electrodes 120 are electrically connected with two connectors 130 by means of Mo-foils 150, which extend through a pinch 140 at both ends, .
The vessel 110 is filled with a well-known high-pressure inert gas filling, such as argon and a small amount of mercury, as well as a cobalt and iron metal halide salt mix. Since this kind of high-pressure metal halide discharge lamp is well-known in the art (it is known as the Philips™ Cleo Suntanning Lamp HPA 400S), apart from the additional salts, further details of the lamp are not explained here.
The vessel 110 further contains approximately 0.25 mg LiI and/or CaI2 as a red light radiation salt. When the lamp is ignited these salts radiate red light in the spectrum between 600 nm and 700 nm.

Claims

CLAIMS:
1. UV lamp for treatment of the skin, which lamp has a radiation energy capacity substantially entirely in the UV spectrum and in the red-light spectrum, characterized in that the radiation energy capacity of the lamp in the red light spectrum between 600 nm and 700 nm is at least 3% of the radiation energy capacity in the UV spectrum.
2. UV lamp according to claim 1, wherein the radiation energy capacity of the lamp in the red light spectrum between 600 nm and 700 nm is at least 6% of the radiation energy capacity in the UV spectrum.
3. UV lamp according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the radiation energy capacity of the lamp in the red light spectrum between 630 nm and 700 nm is at least 3%, preferably at least 6% of the radiation energy capacity in the UV spectrum.
4. UV lamp according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the lamp is a UV fluorescent lamp, wherein the transparent vessel of the lamp is coated with a first UV emitting phosphor and a second red light emitting phosphor.
5. UV lamp according to claim 4, wherein the red light emitting phosphor is CeGdMgB5O10:Tb,Mn.
6. UV lamp according to claim 4 or 5, wherein 6% - 30%, preferably 10% - 20%, (by weight) of the phosphor mix consists of the red light emitting phosphor.
7. UV lamp according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the lamp is a UV HID lamp, wherein the vessel of the lamp contains a first UV radiating salt and a second red light radiating salt, and wherein the red light radiating salt is LiI and/or CaI2.
PCT/IB2006/053066 2005-09-06 2006-09-01 Uv lamp for treatment of the skin WO2007029151A2 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2008529737A JP2009506856A (en) 2005-09-06 2006-09-01 UV lamp for skin treatment
EP06795870A EP1926797A2 (en) 2005-09-06 2006-09-01 Uv lamp for treatment of the skin
US12/065,623 US20080255547A1 (en) 2005-09-06 2006-09-01 Uv Lamp for Treatment of the Skin

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05108159 2005-09-06
EP05108159.4 2005-09-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007029151A2 true WO2007029151A2 (en) 2007-03-15
WO2007029151A3 WO2007029151A3 (en) 2007-06-07

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PCT/IB2006/053066 WO2007029151A2 (en) 2005-09-06 2006-09-01 Uv lamp for treatment of the skin

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US20080255547A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1926797A2 (en)
JP (1) JP2009506856A (en)
CN (1) CN101258222A (en)
WO (1) WO2007029151A2 (en)

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2459438A (en) * 2008-04-10 2009-10-28 Kythera Biopharmaceuticals Inc Systems and methods for transdermal photo-polymerization
EP2387065A2 (en) 2010-05-13 2011-11-16 Flowil International Lighting (Holding) B.V. A high pressure discharge lamp for collagen regeneration in the skin

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009056753A1 (en) * 2009-12-04 2011-06-09 Heraeus Noblelight Gmbh Electric high pressure discharge lamp for cosmetic skin treatment

Citations (1)

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US4645969A (en) 1980-08-01 1987-02-24 General Electric Company Skin tanning fluorescent lamp construction utilizing a phosphor combination

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US6256327B1 (en) * 1997-09-30 2001-07-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Red light source
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2459438A (en) * 2008-04-10 2009-10-28 Kythera Biopharmaceuticals Inc Systems and methods for transdermal photo-polymerization
GB2459438B (en) * 2008-04-10 2010-10-06 Kythera Biopharmaceuticals Inc Systems and methods for transdermal photo-polymerization
EP2387065A2 (en) 2010-05-13 2011-11-16 Flowil International Lighting (Holding) B.V. A high pressure discharge lamp for collagen regeneration in the skin
EP2387065A3 (en) * 2010-05-13 2011-12-21 Flowil International Lighting (Holding) B.V. A high pressure discharge lamp for collagen regeneration in the skin

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20080255547A1 (en) 2008-10-16
CN101258222A (en) 2008-09-03
JP2009506856A (en) 2009-02-19
EP1926797A2 (en) 2008-06-04
WO2007029151A3 (en) 2007-06-07

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