WO2007011255A1

WO2007011255A1 - Device for ensuring or preventing access to hidden utilities of rooms and buildings

Info

Publication number: WO2007011255A1
Application number: PCT/RU2006/000189
Authority: WO
Inventors: Vladimir Vasilievich Kosyakov; Boris Leonidovich Kiselev; Vladimir Aleksandrovich Arefev
Original assignee: Vladimir Vasilievich Kosyakov; Boris Leonidovich Kiselev; Vladimir Aleksandrovich Arefev
Priority date: 2005-07-21
Filing date: 2006-04-17
Publication date: 2007-01-25
Also published as: DE112006001903T5

Abstract

This invention can be used in a device for ensuring or preventing access to any structure such as a cavity, a niche, a cabinet, a body of an installation or of a machine during assembly works, the planning of man passages, the use and service of various utilities or equipment, during loading operations, etc. The invention allows to ensure a larger opening of the passages, to reduce the technical gap permitting the displacement of an opening element, to increase the load capacity of the opening element and to improve the reliability of technical operations carried out by lifting. The inventive device includes at least one opening element, hingely suspended on a framework limiting the passage or on elements of a passage, as well as rigid joints; at least one opening element is suspended to be able to move in a parallel plane and to effect rotary movements in one or several directions by means of one or several rigid joints which form a group with an opening element; a plurality of these groups can be used differentially, wherein each point of the opening element is constantly in the same plane perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the hinge pairs.

Description

Device for providing access to hidden engineering communications of premises and buildings

(i) Area of use

The present invention relates to the field of construction, engineering and furniture industry, in particular to the equipment of various buildings and structures, and may find application in devices for providing or preventing access to any room or structure, namely, any cavity, niche, cabinet, unit body , machines during installation work, when designing walkways for people, during operation and maintenance of various communications, for example, lighting and ventilation equipment, with wasp estvlenii cargo operations and for other purposes. The proposed device can be used, in particular, as a door, door, sash, hatch, cover, shutter, valve, damper, throttle in ducts and pipelines, etc.

(ii) BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is known that during normal operation, structures, premises, cavities, niches should be closed with doors, doors, sashes, hatches, covers, closures, usually mounted on a limiting opening frame with the possibility of rotation through rotary fastening ( suspension) or their movable connection with the rack of the frame, providing the possibility of a given movement of the said lockable and openable elements relative to the rack of the frame (1), (2)

Devices for this purpose are divided into devices with a removable and non-removable open (lockable) element.

A disadvantage of devices with a removable opening element (lid, hatch, etc.) is the need to hold the latter when opening and closing, which can be inconvenient with a significant weight of the opened element.

The closest analogue is a device for closing openings in the walls of a building Disadvantages of devices with non-removable openable element

(door, sash, hatch, etc.) is the possibility of the movement of the latter only around the axis of the rotary mechanism and its relatively small load capacity, which significantly reduces the scope of such devices, in particular, with a significant thickness of the element being opened or when facing it with materials, having substantial thickness and weight. In addition, such devices inevitably have a significant technological gap due to the kinematics of the movement of the element being opened. In addition, often well-known devices do not provide full opening of the opening and ease of operation in cramped conditions, do not exclude spontaneous opening and closing during operation, which leads to a decrease in the reliability and safety of work.

The closest analogue is a device for closing openings in the walls of a building (3), comprising at least one opening element and rigid links pivotally suspended on a bounding frame or on opening elements.

The disadvantage of this device is its bulkiness, the complexity of its use for opening hatches, located in particular horizontally.

(iii) Disclosure of the invention

The technical result, which the proposed utility model is aimed at, is to ensure full opening of the openings while reducing the technological gap that ensures the movement of the element to be opened, increasing the load capacity of the tear-off element, and also increasing the reliability of the technological operations performed through it.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the device for providing or preventing access to hidden engineering communications of rooms and buildings, in particular, to niches and cavities, including at least one opening element pivotally suspended on a limiting opening or on opening elements and rigid links according to this proposal, at least one openable element suspended with the possibility of plane-parallel movement and rotational movement in one or several directions by means of one or more rigid links making up one group with one openable element, or by means of differentially matched several such groups, and each point of the openable element is always in the same plane perpendicular the axis of rotation of the articulated pairs.

Additionally, the device can be equipped with locking, locking, restrictive, catching and guiding devices, pushers, closers, devices for forced movement and sealing of the opening, etc. in any quantity and combination.

(iv) Examples of carrying out the invention The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a diagram of the proposed device with one rigid link constituting one group with one openable element, Fig. 2 (a - d) in stages shows the principle of operation of the device with one Fig. 3 shows a diagram of the proposed device with two rigid links constituting one group with one openable element, Fig. 4 (a - c) shows in stages the principle of operation of the device with Fig. 5 shows a diagram of the proposed device with three rigid links constituting one group with one openable element; Fig. 6 (a - d) shows in stages the principle of operation of the device with three hard links that make up one group with one openable element.

The main structural elements of the proposed device for providing or preventing access to hidden engineering communications of premises and buildings are included in it in one or another quantity, depending on the particular case of implementation, at least one rigid link 1, articulated pairs 2, 3,?!, B ¹ , each of which includes upper and lower axial hinges, frame 4 or walls of the aperture, performing the functions of the frame, at least one openable element 5. In Fig.6, the position 6 denotes an obstacle, the presence of which can create to cramped conditions of movement of the opening element 5.

In any particular case of the implementation of the proposed device, all of its main structural elements - rigid links, frame and the element to be opened are rigid, that is, not subject to diplanation, and are interconnected by means of spaced upper and lower axial joints that form hinge pairs. Moreover, depending on the structural features of the proposed device, the aforementioned hinge pairs can degenerate into one cylindrical axial hinge. The rotation axes of all hinge pairs are parallel, due to which each point of the element to be opened always remains in the same plane perpendicular to the rotation axes of the hinge pairs during plane-parallel movement or rotation.

It should also be noted that the possibility of increasing the number of hard links in the proposed device, changing the size ratio, changing the location of the hinge pairs relative to other elements of the device, depending on the particular case of its implementation, makes it possible to expand the degree of freedom of movement of the element to be opened and change the kinematics of its movement, adapting it to the specific operating conditions of this device. In turn, an increase in the number of homogeneous groups of rigid links arranged in series, that is, the introduction of differentially matched several groups of rigid links, allows you to increase the load capacity of the opened element.

According to one particular case of implementation (Fig. 1), the proposed device comprises one rigid link 1, comprising one group with one openable element 5, and two hinge pairs 2 and 3, each of which includes upper and lower axial hinges, and a frame 4. Rigid link 1 through the upper and lower axial hinges of the hinge pair 2 is connected to the frame 4, and through the upper and lower axial hinges of the hinge pair 3 - by the opening element 5.

The principle of operation of this device in stages is disclosed in FIG. 2 (a - d). In the position of the above basic structural elements shown in FIG. 2 (a), the opening is closed by the opening element 5, in the position of the main structural elements shown in FIG. 2 (b), openable element 5 leaves the opening in the position of the main structural elements shown in FIG. 2 (c), the opening is open in the first possible embodiment of the extreme position of the opening element 5, in the position of the main structural elements shown in FIG. 2 (d), the opening is open in the second possible variant of the extreme position of the opening element 5.

In this device, in its closed state, the axis of the hinge pairs 2 and 3 are located in the same plane parallel to the plane of the opening element 5, as shown in FIG. 2 (a). In order to fully open the opening element 5, you must first remove it from the opening in the direction perpendicular to the plane of its initial position. In this case, the rigid link 1 rotates on the hinge pair 2 counterclockwise, and the opening element 5 is rotated on the hinge pair 3 clockwise by an angle of up to 90 °, moving perpendicular to its original position, as shown in Fig. 2 (b). This makes it possible to extract the openable element 5 with a thickness of the working panel significantly exceeding the gaps between the openable element 5 and the fixed frame 4 or the walls of the opening without distortions and jamming.

The rigid link 1 rotates clockwise until it stops in the frame 4 or in the wall of the opening, as shown in figure 2 (c). Subsequently, the opening element 5 can be turned counterclockwise by an angle of up to 180 °, which is limited by the presence of external obstacles and is displaced from the opening zone, as shown in FIG. 2 (g).

According to the second special case of implementation (Fig. 3), the proposed device contains two rigid links 1 and l ', which make up one group with one openable element 5, two extreme hinge pairs 2, i! and one middle hinge pair 3, each of which includes upper and lower axial hinges, as well as frame 4. Moreover, one rigid link 1 through the upper and lower axial hinges of one extreme hinge pair 2 is connected to the frame 4, and through the upper and lower axial hinges of the middle hinge pair by the 3rd other rigid link I ¹ , which through the upper and lower axial hinges of the second extreme hinge pair l! connected to the opening element 5.

The principle of operation of this device in stages is disclosed in FIG. 4 (a - c). In the position of the above basic structural elements shown in FIG. 4 (a), the opening is closed by the opening element 5, in the position of the main structural elements shown in FIG. 4 (b), the opening element 5 exits the opening in the position of the main structural elements shown in FIG. 4 (c), the opening is open at one of the possible options for the extreme position of the opening element 5.

In this device, in the closed state, the axes of both extreme hinge pairs 2 and 2 coincide, and therefore any movement along the planes of all hinges becomes impossible. A lock effect is created along the hinge plane, illustrated in FIG. 4 (a). To fully open the opening element 5, it is first necessary to remove it from the opening in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the initial position of the open element 5. In this case, one rigid link 1 rotates clockwise on one of the extreme hinge pairs 2, the other rigid link I ¹ rotates on the middle hinge pair 3 counterclockwise, and the opening element 5 rotates on the other extreme hinge pair 2 clockwise, moving perpendicular to its original position, as shown in FIG. 4 (b). Due to this, it becomes possible to extract the openable element 5 with a thickness of the working panel significantly exceeding the gaps between the openable element 5 and the fixed frame 4 or the wall of the opening, without distortions and jamming. After complete exit from the opening, the opening element 5 can be rotated on the axial hinges of the second hinge pair l! 180 ° clockwise as shown in FIG. 4 (c). In the absence of interference, the openable element 5 can also be rotated by a larger angle.

According to the third special case of implementation (Fig. 5), the proposed device contains three rigid links 1, l 'and \ ", comprising one group with one opening element 5, two extreme hinge pairs 2, 2 ¹ and two middle hinge pairs 3 and b ¹ , each of which includes upper and lower axial hinges, as well as frame 4. In this case, one rigid link 1 is connected to frame 4 through the upper and lower axial hinges of one extreme hinge pair 2, and through the upper and lower axial hinges of one middle hinge pair third another tough element I ^1, which is across the faiths and the bottom of the axial hinges the second middle hinge pair Z ^{1 is} connected to the third rigid link \ ", which is connected through the upper and lower axial hinges of the second extreme hinge pair l! to the opening element 5.

The principle of operation of this device in stages is disclosed in FIG. 6 (a - e).

In the position of the above basic structural elements shown in FIG. 6 (a), the opening is closed by the opening element 5, in the position of the main structural elements shown in FIG. 6 (b), the opening element 5 leaves the opening in the position of the main structural elements shown in FIG. 6 (c), the opening member 5 is rotated; in the position of the main structural elements shown in FIG. 6 (d), the opening is open; in the position of the main structural elements shown in FIG. 6 (e), the opening element 5 in cramped conditions can be moved according to one of the possible options in the presence of an obstacle b. The operation of the proposed device, implemented according to this example, is carried out similarly to the operation of the devices described above.

The proposed implementation and installation of the opening element allows for its translational movement and rotation to ensure complete opening of the opening, to reduce the technological gap providing the ability to move the opened element, as well as to increase the load capacity of the opened element and exclude its self-closing, which increases the reliability of the proposed device as a whole, allows hide hinges and rigid links behind the opened element.

Information sources:

1. Patent RU 2213192 Cl

2. KRAINEV A.F., Dictionary-reference on mechanisms, Moscow, Mechanical Engineering, 1987, 'p. 307-308 3. USSR Copyright Certificate N2977665

Claims

CLAIM

1. Device for providing or preventing access to hidden engineering communications of rooms and buildings, in particular, to niches and cavities, including pivotally suspended on a limiting opening of the frame or on the opening elements, at least one opening element and rigid links, characterized in that, at least one opening element is suspended with the possibility of plane-parallel movement and rotational movement in one or more directions by means of one or more rigid links constituting one load ny one openable element, or by differentially coherent several such groups, each point openable member is always in the same plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of hinge pairs.

2. The device for providing or preventing access to hidden engineering communications of rooms and buildings, according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with locking, fixing, restrictive, catching and guiding devices, as well as pushers, closers, devices for forced movement and sealing of the opening in any quantity and combination.