WO2007006760A1 - Dicycloalkyl urea glucokinase activators - Google Patents

Dicycloalkyl urea glucokinase activators Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007006760A1
WO2007006760A1 PCT/EP2006/064026 EP2006064026W WO2007006760A1 WO 2007006760 A1 WO2007006760 A1 WO 2007006760A1 EP 2006064026 W EP2006064026 W EP 2006064026W WO 2007006760 A1 WO2007006760 A1 WO 2007006760A1
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Prior art keywords
alkyl
cyclohexyl
carboxy
methyl
aryl
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PCT/EP2006/064026
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French (fr)
Inventor
Anthony Murray
Jesper Lau
Per VEDSØ
Marit Kristiansen
Lone Jeppesen
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Novo Nordisk A/S
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Novo Nordisk A/S filed Critical Novo Nordisk A/S
Priority to US11/994,728 priority Critical patent/US7582769B2/en
Priority to EP06777656A priority patent/EP1904466A1/en
Priority to MX2008000294A priority patent/MX2008000294A/en
Priority to AU2006268708A priority patent/AU2006268708A1/en
Priority to BRPI0613591-9A priority patent/BRPI0613591A2/en
Priority to JP2008519947A priority patent/JP2009500377A/en
Priority to CA002614518A priority patent/CA2614518A1/en
Publication of WO2007006760A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007006760A1/en
Priority to IL188226A priority patent/IL188226A0/en
Priority to NO20080622A priority patent/NO20080622L/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
    • C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D277/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D277/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D277/54—Nitrogen and either oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
    • A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/04—Inotropic agents, i.e. stimulants of cardiac contraction; Drugs for heart failure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/12—Antihypertensives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D277/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings
    • C07D277/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D277/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D277/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D277/38—Nitrogen atoms
    • C07D277/44—Acylated amino or imino radicals
    • C07D277/48—Acylated amino or imino radicals by radicals derived from carbonic acid, or sulfur or nitrogen analogues thereof, e.g. carbonylguanidines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D417/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
    • C07D417/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings

Definitions

  • This application relates to novel dicycloalkyl urea glucokinase activators and their use in treatment in assorted diseases.
  • Glucokinase is one of four hexokinases that are found in mammals [Colowick, S. P., in The Enzymes, Vol. 9 (P. Boyer, ed.) Academic Press, New York, N. Y., pages 1 -48, 1973].
  • the hexokinases catalyze the first step in the metabolism of glucose, i.e., the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate.
  • Glucokinase has a limited cellular distribution, being found principally in pancreatic ⁇ -cells and liver parenchymal cells.
  • GK is a rate- controlling enzyme for glucose metabolism in these two cell types that are known to play critical roles in whole-body glucose homeostasis [Chipkin, S. R., Kelly, K. L., and Ruderman, N. B. in Joslin's Diabetes (C. R. Khan and G. C. Wier, eds.), Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, Pa., pages 97-115, 1994].
  • concentration of glucose at which GK demonstrates half- maximal activity is approximately 8 mM.
  • the other three hexokinases are saturated with glucose at much lower concentrations ( ⁇ 1 mM).
  • GK does indeed play a critical role in whole-body glucose homeostasis. Animals that do not express GK die within days of birth with severe diabetes while animals overexpressing GK have improved glucose tolerance (Grupe, A., Hultgren, B., Ryan, A. et al., Cell 83, 69-78, 1995; Ferrie, T., Riu, E., Bosch, F. et al., FASEB J., 10, 1213-1218, 1996).
  • GK type Il maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY-2) is caused by loss of function mutations in the GK gene suggests that GK also functions as a glucose sensor in humans (Liang, Y., Kesavan, P., Wang, L et al., Biochem. J. 309, 167-173, 1995). Additional evidence supporting an important role for GK in the regulation of glucose metabolism in hu- mans was provided by the identification of patients that express a mutant form of GK with increased enzymatic activity.
  • GK activators will increase the flux of glucose metabolism in ⁇ -cells and hepatocytes, which will be coupled to increased insulin secretion. Such agents would be useful for treating type Il diabetes.
  • GK activators are known, see, for example, US 2004/0014968 (Hofmann-La Roche Inc.), WO 2003/055482 (Novo Nordisk A/S) and WO 2004/002481 (Novo Nordisk A/S).
  • Diabetes is characterised by an impaired glucose metabolism manifesting itself among other things by an elevated blood glucose level in the diabetic patients. Underlying defects lead to a classification of diabetes into two major groups: Type 1 diabetes, or insulin demanding diabetes mellitus (IDDM), which arises when patients lack ⁇ -cells producing insulin in their pan- creatic glands, and type 2 diabetes, or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), which occurs in patients with an impaired ⁇ -cell function besides a range of other abnormalities.
  • IDDM insulin demanding diabetes mellitus
  • NIDDM non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
  • Type 1 diabetic patients are currently treated with insulin, while the majority of type 2 diabetic patients are treated either with sulphonylureas that stimulate ⁇ -cell function or with agents that enhance the tissue sensitivity of the patients towards insulin or with insulin.
  • agents applied to enhance tissue sensitivity towards insulin metformin is a representative example.
  • This glucose production is derived either from the release of glucose from glycogen stores or from gluconeogenesis, which is a de novo intracellular synthesis of glucose.
  • type 2 diabetes the regulation of hepatic glucose output is poorly con- trolled and is increased, and may be doubled after an overnight fast.
  • these patients there exists a strong correlation between the increased fasting plasma glucose levels and the rate of hepatic glucose production.
  • hepatic glucose production will be increased in type 1 diabetes, if the disease is not properly controlled by insulin treatment. Since existing forms of therapy of diabetes does not lead to sufficient glycaemic control and therefore are unsatisfactory, there is a great demand for novel therapeutic approaches.
  • Atherosclerosis a disease of the arteries, is recognized to be the leading cause of death in the United States and Western Europe.
  • the pathological sequence leading to atherosclerosis and occlusive heart disease is well known. The earliest stage in this sequence is the for- mation of "fatty streaks" in the carotid, coronary and cerebral arteries and in the aorta. These lesions are yellow in colour due to the presence of lipid deposits found principally within smooth-muscle cells and in macrophages of the intima layer of the arteries and aorta.
  • fibrous plaque which consists of accumulated intimal smooth muscle cells laden with lipid and surrounded by extra-cellular lipid, collagen, elastin and proteoglycans.
  • the cells plus matrix form a fibrous cap that covers a deeper deposit of cell debris and more extracellular lipid.
  • the lipid is primarily free and esterified cholesterol.
  • the fibrous plaque forms slowly, and is likely in time to become calcified and necrotic, advancing to the "complicated lesion” which accounts for the arterial occlusion and tendency toward mural thrombosis and arterial muscle spasm that characterize advanced atherosclerosis.
  • CVD cardiovascular disease
  • leaders of the medical profession have placed renewed emphasis on lowering plasma cholesterol levels, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in particular, as an essential step in prevention of CVD.
  • the upper limits of "normal” are now known to be significantly lower than heretofore appreciated.
  • Independent risk factors include glucose intolerance, left ventricular hypertrophy, hypertension, and being of the male sex.
  • Cardiovascular disease is especially prevalent among diabetic subjects, at least in part because of the existence of multiple inde- pendent risk factors in this population. Successful treatment of hyperlipidemia in the general population, and in diabetic subjects in particular, is therefore of exceptional medical importance.
  • Hypertension is a condition, which occurs in the human population as a secondary symptom to various other disorders such as renal artery stenosis, pheo- chromocytoma, or endocrine disorders.
  • hypertension is also evidenced in many patients in whom the causative agent or disorder is unknown. While such "essential" hypertension is often associated with disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertriglyceridemia, the relationship between these disorders has not been elucidated. Additionally, many patients display the symptoms of high blood pressure in the complete absence of any other signs of disease or disorder.
  • hypertension can directly lead to heart failure, renal failure, and stroke (brain haemorrhaging). These conditions are capable of causing short-term death in a patient. Hypertension can also contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and coronary disease. These conditions gradually weaken a patient and can lead to long-term death. The exact cause of essential hypertension is unknown, though a number of factors are believed to contribute to the onset of the disease. Among such factors are stress, uncontrolled emotions, unregulated hormone release (the renin, angiotensin aldosterone system), excessive salt and water due to kidney malfunction, wall thickening and hypertrophy of the vasculature resulting in constricted blood vessels and genetic factors.
  • Insulin a peptide hormone whose primary actions are to promote glucose utilization, protein synthesis and the formation and storage of neutral lipids, also acts to promote vascular cell growth and increase renal sodium retention, among other things. These latter functions can be accomplished without affecting glucose levels and are known causes of hypertension. Peripheral vasculature growth, for example, can cause constriction of peripheral capillaries, while sodium retention increases blood volume. Thus, the lowering of in- sulin levels in hyperinsulinemics can prevent abnormal vascular growth and renal sodium retention caused by high insulin levels and thereby alleviates hypertension. Cardiac hypertrophy is a significant risk factor in the development of sudden death, myocardial infarction, and congestive heart failure.
  • cardiac events are due, at least in part, to increased susceptibility to myocardial injury after ischemia and reperfusion, which can occur in out-patient as well as perioperative settings.
  • Both non-cardiac and cardiac surgery are associated with substantial risks for myocardial infarction or death.
  • Some 7 million patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery are considered to be at risk, with incidences of perioperative death and serious cardiac complications as high as 20-25% in some series.
  • perioperative myocardial infarction is estimated to occur in 5% and death in 1 -2%.
  • obesity implies an excess of adipose tissue.
  • obesity is best viewed as any degree of excess adiposity that imparts a health risk.
  • the cut off between normal and obese individuals can only be approximated, but the health risk imparted by the obesity is probably a continuum with increasing adiposity.
  • the Framingham study demonstrated that a 20% excess over desirable weight clearly imparted a health risk (Mann GV N. Engl. J. Med 291 :226, 1974).
  • the satiety centre may be activated by the increases in plasma glucose and/or insulin that follow a meal. Meal induced gastric distension is another possible inhibitory factor. Additionally the hypothalamic centres are sensitive to catecholamines, and beta adrenergic stimulation inhibits eating behaviour. Ultimately, the cerebral cortex controls eating behaviour, and impulses from the feeding centre to the cerebral cortex are only one input. Psychological, social, and genetic factors also influence food intake.
  • initial weight loss is not an optimal therapeutic goal. Rather, the problem is that most obese patients eventually regain their weight.
  • An effective means to establish and/or sustain weight loss is the major challenge in the treatment of obesity today.
  • the invention provides a compound of general formula (I)
  • the present invention also provides use of the compounds of the invention for preparation of a medicament for the treatment of various diseases, e.g. for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
  • optionally substituted means that the moiety which is optionally substituted is either unsubstituted or substituted with one or more of the substituents speci- fied.
  • the substitu- ent may be the same or different.
  • adjacent as used herein regards the relative positions of two atoms or variables, these two atoms or variables sharing a bond or one variable preceding or succeeding the other in a variable specification.
  • atom A adjacent to atom B means that the two atoms A and B share a bond.
  • halogen or halo means fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
  • perhalomethyl means trifluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, tribromomethyl, or triio- domethyl.
  • C x _ y -alkyl, C x . y -alkenyl, C x - y -alkynyl, C x - y -cycloalyl or C x - y - cycloalkyl-C x -y-alkenyl- and the like designates radical of the designated type having from x to y carbon atoms.
  • alkyl refers to a straight or branched chain saturated monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from one to ten carbon atoms, for example C ⁇ s-alkyl or Ci_ 6 -alkyl.
  • Typical Ci_ 8 -alkyl groups and Ci_ 6 -alkyl groups include, but are not limited to e.g.
  • Ci- 8 -alkyl as used herein also includes secondary C 3 - 8 -alkyl and tertiary C 4 - 8 -alkyl.
  • Ci- 6 -alkyl as used herein also includes secondary C 3 - 6 -alkyl and tertiary C 4 - 6 -alkyl.
  • alkenyl as used herein, alone or in combination, refers to a straight or branched chain monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing from two to ten carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond, for example C 2 . 8 -alkenyl or C 2 - 6 -alkenyl.
  • Typical C 2 - 8 -alkenyl groups and C 2 -6-alkenyl groups include, but are not limited to, vinyl, 1 -propenyl, 2-propenyl, iso-propenyl, 1 ,3-butadienyl, 1 -butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 2-methyl-1 -propenyl, 1 - pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, 1 -hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3- hexenyl, 2,4-hexadienyl, 5-hexenyl and the like.
  • alkynyl refers to a straight or branched monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing from two to ten carbon atoms and at least one triple carbon-carbon bond, for example C 2 - 8 -alkynyl or C 2 - 6 -alkynyl.
  • Typical C 2 - 8 -alkynyl groups and C 2 -6-alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, 1 -propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1 -butynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1 -pentynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl, 4-pentynyl, 1 -hexynyl, 2- hexynyl, 3-hexynyl, 5-hexynyl, 2,4-hexadiynyl and the like.
  • cycloalkyl refers to a saturated mono-, bi-, or tricarbocyclic radical having from three to twelve carbon atoms, for example C 3 . 8 - cycloalkyl.
  • Typical C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobu- tyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, bicyclo[3.2.1 ]octyl, bicyclo[2.2.1 ]heptyl, norpinyl, norbonyl, norcaryl, adamantyl and the like.
  • cycloalkenyl refers to an non-aromatic unsaturated mono-, bi-, or tricarbocyclic radical having from three to twelve carbon atoms, for example C 3 . 8 -cycloalkenyl.
  • Typical C 3 . 8 -cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to cyclo- hexene, cycloheptene and cyclopentene, and the like.
  • heterocyclic or the term “heterocyclyl” as used herein, alone or in combination, refers to a saturated mono-, bi-, or tricarbocyclic group having three to twelve carbon atoms and one or two additional heteroatoms or groups selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur, SO or SO 2 , for example Cs-s-heterocyclyl.
  • Typical C 3 - 8 -heterocyclyl groups include, but are not limited to, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, 1 ,4-dioxanyl, 1 ,3-dioxanyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl, and the like.
  • heterocycloalkenyl refers to a non- aromatic unsaturated mono-, bi-, or tricyclic radical having from three to twelve carbon atoms, and one or two additional heteroatoms or groups selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur, SO or SO 2 , for example C 3 . 8 -hetereocycloalkenyl.
  • Typical C 3 . 8 -hetreocycloalkenyl groups include, but are not limited to tetrahydropyridine, azacycloheptene, 2-pyrroline, 3- pyrroline, 2-pyrazoline, imidazoline, 4H-pyran, and the like.
  • alkoxy or "alkyloxy”, which are interchangeable terms herein, as used herein, alone or in combination, refers to the monovalent radical RO-, where R a is alkyl as defined above, for example Ci- 8 -alkyl giving d. 8 -alkoxy.
  • Typical Ci -8 -alkoxy groups include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, sec-butoxy, terf-butoxy, pen- toxy, isopentoxy, hexoxy, isohexoxy and the like.
  • alkenyloxy refers to the monovalent radical RO-, where R a is alkenyl as defined above, for example C 2 - 8 -alkyl giving C 2 - 8 - alkenyloxy.
  • Typical C 2 -8-alkenyloxy groups include, but are not limited to, vinyloxy, propeny- loxy, 2-methyl-propenyloxy, butenyloxy, and the like.
  • alkylthio refers to a straight or branched monovalent radical comprising an alkyl group as described above linked through a divalent sulphur atom having its free valence bond from the sulphur atom, for example C 1 6 -alkylthio.
  • Typical Ci. 6 -alkylthio groups include, but are not limited to, methylthio, ethylthio, propylthio, butylthio, pentylthio, hexylthio and the like.
  • alkoxycarbonyl refers to the monovalent radical ROC(O)-, where R a is alkyl as described above, for example Ci-s-alkoxycarbonyl.
  • Typical Ci-s-alkoxycarbonyl groups include, but are not limited to, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, n-butoxycarbonyl, sec-butoxycarbonyl, tertbutoxycarbonyl, 3- methylbutoxycarbonyl, n-hexoxycarbonyl and the like.
  • aryl refers to a carbocyclic aromatic ring radical or to a aromatic ring system radical. Aryl is also intended to include the partially hydrogenated derivatives of the carbocyclic systems.
  • heteroaryl refers to an aromatic ring radical with for instance 5 to 7 member atoms, or to a aromatic ring system radical with for instance from 7 to 18 member atoms, containing one or more heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulphur heteroatoms, wherein N-oxides and sulphur monoxides and sulphur dioxides are permissible heteroaromatic substitutions; such as e.g.
  • aryl and “heteroaryl” includes, but are not limited to phenyl, biphenyl, indene, fluorene, naphthyl (1 -naphthyl, 2-naphthyl), anthracene (1 -anthracenyl, 2-anthracenyl, 3- anthracenyl), thiophene (2-thienyl, 3-thienyl), furyl (2-furyl, 3-furyl), indolyl, oxadiazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxatriazolyl, thiatriazolyl, quinazolin, fluorenyl, xanthenyl, isoindanyl, benzhydryl, acridinyl, thiazolyl, pyrrolyl (1 -pyrrolyl, 2-pyrrolyl, 3-pyrrolyl), pyrazolyl (1 - pyrazolyl,
  • the first mentioned radical is a substituent on the latter mentioned radical, where the point of substitution, i.e. the point of attachment to another part of the molecule, is on the latter of the radi- cals, for example aryl-alkyl- :
  • fused arylcycloalkyl refers to an aryl group, as defined above, fused to a cycloalkyl group, as defined above and having the indicated number of carbon atoms, the aryl and cycloalkyl groups having two atoms in common, and wherein the cycloalkyl group is the point of substitution.
  • fused arylcycloalkyl used herein include 1 - indanyl, 2-indanyl, 1 -(1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl),
  • fused heteroarylcycloalkyl refers to a heteroaryl group, as defined above, fused to a cycloalkyl group, as defined above and having the indicated number of carbon atoms, the aryl and cycloalkyl groups having two atoms in common, and wherein the cycloalkyl group is the point of substitution.
  • fused heteroarylcycloalkyl used herein include 6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]pyridine, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline, 5,6,7,8- tetrahydrisoquinoline, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinazoline and the like
  • alkylsulfanyl refers to the group R 3 S-, where R a is alkyl as described above.
  • alkylsulfenyl refers to the group R 3 S(O)-, where R a is alkyl as de- scribed above.
  • alkylsulfonyl refers to the group R 3 SO 2 -, where R 3 is alkyl as described above.
  • alkylsulfamoyl refers to the group R 3 NHSO 2 -, where R 3 is alkyl as described above.
  • dialkylsulfamoyl refers to the group R a R b NSO 2 -, where R a and R b are alkyl as described above.
  • alkylsulfinamoyl refers to the group R 3 NHSO-, where R a is alkyl as described above.
  • dialkylsulfinamoyl refers to the group R a R b NSO-, where R a and
  • R b are alkyl as described above.
  • alkylamino refers to the group R 3 NH-, where R a is alkyl as described above.
  • acyl refers to the group R 3 C(O)-, where R a is alkyl, alkenyl, al- kynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, or heterocyclyl as described above.
  • heteroaryloxy refers to the monovalent radical RO-, where R a is heteroaryl as defined above.
  • aryloxycarbonyl refers to the group R a -O-C(O)-, where R a is aryl as described above.
  • acyloxy refers to the group R 3 C(O)O-, where R a is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, or heterocyclyl as described above.
  • aryloxy refers to the group R a -0-, where R a is aryl as described above.
  • aroyloxy refers to the group R 3 C(O)O-, where R 3 is aryl as de- scribed above.
  • heteroaroyloxy refers to the group R 3 C(O)O-, where R 3 is heteroaryl as described above.
  • alkyl cycloalkyl
  • aryl aryl
  • heteroaryl or the like or either of their prefix roots appear in a name of a substituent (e.g. arylalkoxyaryloxy) they shall be interpreted as including those limitations given above for “alkyl” and "aryl”.
  • mercapto shall refer to the substituent -SH.
  • cyano shall refer to the substituent -CN.
  • nitro shall refer to the substituent -NO 2 .
  • aminosulfonyl shall refer to the substituent -SO 2 NH 2 .
  • sulfenyl shall refer to the substituent -S(O)-.
  • sulfonyl shall refer to the substituent -S(O) 2 -.
  • direct bond where part of a structural variable specification, refers to the direct joining of the substituents flanking (preceding and succeeding) the variable taken as a "direct bond”.
  • lower refers to an group having between one and six carbons, and may be indicated with the prefix C x . 6 -. Lower alkyl may thus be indicated as Ci -6 -alkyl, while lower alkylene may be indicated as C 2 -6-alkylene.
  • a radical such as C x -y-cycloalkyl-Ca-b-alkenyl shall designate that the radical's point of attachment is in part of the radical mentioned last.
  • the term "optionally” means that the subsequently described event(s) may or may not occur, and includes both event(s) which occur and events that do not occur.
  • substituted refers to substitution with the named substituent or substituents, multiple degrees of substitution being allowed unless otherwise stated.
  • the term “attached” or “-” e.g. -C(O)R 11 which indicates the carbonyl attachment point to the scaffold
  • the terms "contain” or “containing” can refer to in-line substitutions at any position along the above defined alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or cycloalkyl substituents with one or more of any of O, S, SO, SO 2 , N, or N-alkyl, including, for example, -CH 2 -O-CH 2 -, -CH 2 -SO 2 - CH 2 -, -CH 2 -NH-CH 3 and so forth. Certain of the above defined terms may occur more than once in the structural formulae, and upon such occurrence each term shall be defined independently of the other.
  • solvate is a complex of variable stoichiometry formed by a solute (in this invention, a compound of formula (I)) and a solvent.
  • solvents for the purpose of the present invention may not interfere with the biological activity of the solute.
  • Solvents may be, by way of example, water, ethanol, or acetic acid.
  • biohydrolyzable ester is an ester of a drug substance (in this invention, a compound of formula (I) ) which either a) does not interfere with the biological activity of the parent substance but confers on that substance advantageous properties in vivo such as duration of action, onset of action, and the like, or b) is biologically inactive but is readily converted in vivo by the subject to the biologically active principle.
  • a drug substance in this invention, a compound of formula (I)
  • b) is biologically inactive but is readily converted in vivo by the subject to the biologically active principle.
  • the advantage is that, for example, the biohydrolyzable ester is orally absorbed from the gut and is transformed to (I) in plasma.
  • lower alkyl esters e.g., Ci -4
  • lower acyloxyalkyl esters lower alkoxyacyloxyalkyl esters
  • alkoxyacyloxy esters alkyl acylamino alkyl esters
  • choline esters e.g., choline esters
  • biohydrolyzable amide is an amide of a drug substance (in this invention, a compound of general formula (I)) which either a) does not interfere with the bio- logical activity of the parent substance but confers on that substance advantageous properties in vivo such as duration of action, onset of action, and the like, or b) is biologically inactive but is readily converted in vivo by the subject to the biologically active principle.
  • the advantage is that, for example, the biohydrolyzable amide is orally absorbed from the gut and is transformed to (I) in plasma.
  • Many examples of such are known in the art and include by way of example lower alkyl amides, ⁇ -amino acid amides, alkoxyacyl amides, and alkylaminoal- kylcarbonyl amides.
  • prodrug includes biohydrolyzable amides and biohydrolyzable esters and also encompasses a) compounds in which the biohydrolyzable functionality in such a prodrug is encompassed in the compound of formula (I) and b) compounds which may be oxidized or reduced biologically at a given functional group to yield drug substances of formula (I).
  • these functional groups include, but are not limited to, 1 ,4- dihydropyridine, N-alkylcarbonyl-1 ,4-dihydropyridine, 1 ,4-cyclohexadiene, tert-butyl, and the like.
  • pharmaceutically effective amount or shall mean that amount of a drug or pharmaceutical agent that will elicit the biological or medical response of a tissue, animal or human that is being sought by a researcher or clinician. This amount can be a therapeutically effective amount.
  • therapeutically effective amount shall mean that amount of a drug or pharmaceutical agent that will elicit the therapeutic response of an animal or human that is being sought.
  • treatment means the management and care of a patient for the purpose of combating a disease, disorder or condition.
  • the term is intended to include the full spectrum of treatments for a given disorder from which the patient is suffering, such as the delaying of the progression of the disease, disorder or condition, the alleviation or relief of symptoms and complications, the prevention of the disease and/or the cure or elimination of the disease, disorder or condition.
  • the patient to be treated is preferably a mammal, in particular a human being.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salt includes pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts, pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salts, pharmaceuti- cally acceptable metal salts, ammonium salts, and alkylated ammonium salts.
  • Acid addition salts include salts of inorganic acids as well as organic acids. Representative examples of suitable inorganic acids include hydrochloric, hydrobromic, hydroiodic, phosphoric, sulfuric, and nitric acids.
  • suitable organic acids include formic, acetic, trichloroacetic, trifluoroacetic, propionic, benzoic, cinnamic, citric, fumaric, glycolic, lactic, maleic, malic, malonic, mandelic, oxalic, picric, pyruvic, salicylic, succinic, methanesulfonic, ethanesulfonic, tartaric, ascorbic, pamoic, bismethylene salicylic, ethanedisulfonic, gluconic, citraconic, aspartic, stearic, palmitic, EDTA, glycolic, p-aminobenzoic, glutamic, benzenesul- fonic, p-toluenesulfonic acids, sulphates, nitrates, phosphates, perchlorates, borates, acetates, benzoates, hydroxynaphthoates, glycero
  • inorganic or organic acid addition salts include the pharmaceutically acceptable salts listed in J. Pharm. Sci. 1977, 66, 2, which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • metal salts include lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, zinc, and calcium salts.
  • amines and organic amines include ammonium, methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, propylamine, bu- tylamine, tetramethylamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, meglumine, ethylenediamine, choline, N,N'-dibenzylethylenediamine, N-benzylphenylethylamine, N- methyl-D-glucamine, and guanidine.
  • cationic amino acids include lysine, argin- ine, and histidine.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable salts are prepared by reacting the compound of formula I with 1 to 4 equivalents of a base such as sodium hydroxide, sodium methoxide, sodium hydride, potassium t-butoxide, calcium hydroxide, and magnesium hydroxide, in solvents such as ether, THF, methanol, t-butanol, dioxane, isopropanol, ethanol etc. Mixture of solvents may be used. Organic bases such as lysine, arginine, diethanolamine, choline, guandine and their derivatives etc. may also be used.
  • a base such as sodium hydroxide, sodium methoxide, sodium hydride, potassium t-butoxide, calcium hydroxide, and magnesium hydroxide
  • solvents such as ether, THF, methanol, t-butanol, dioxane, isopropanol, ethanol etc. Mixture of solvents may be used.
  • Organic bases such as lysine, argin
  • acid addition salts wherever appli- cable are prepared by treatment with acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, p-toluenesulphonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, maleic acid salicylic acid, hydroxynaphthoic acid, ascorbic acid, palmitic acid, succinic acid, benzoic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, and tartaric acid in solvents such as ethyl acetate, ether, alcohols, acetone, THF, dioxane etc. Mixture of solvents may also be used.
  • acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, p-toluenesulphonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, maleic acid salicylic acid, hydroxynaphthoic acid, as
  • combination therapy refers to the administration of a single pharmaceutical dosage formulation which comprises the glucokinase activator compound of the present invention and another active agent(s), as well as administration of each active agent(s) in its own separate pharmaceutical dosage formulation.
  • the compound of the present invention and another active agent(s) can be administered to the patient at essentially the same time, i.e. concurrently, or at separate staggered times, i.e. sequentially.
  • the route of administration may be the same or different for each agent. Any route of administration known or contemplated for the individual agents is acceptable for the practice of the present invention.
  • R 1 is C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkenyl, C 3 - 8 -heterocyclyl, C 3 - 8 -heterocycloalkenyl, fused aryl-Cs-s-cycloalkyl, or fused heteroaryl-C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 ;
  • R 2 is C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkenyl, C 3 - 8 -heterocyclyl, C 3 - 8 -heterocycloalkenyl, fused aryl- C 3 . 8 -cycloalkyl or fused heteroaryl-C 3 . 8 -cycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 ,
  • A is heteroaryl which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 7 , R 8 and R 9 ;
  • At least one of R 1 and R 2 must have one substituent selected from R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 ,
  • At least one of R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 is independently selected from the group consisting of C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl-C 3 - 6 -alkenyl, aryl-C 2 - 6 -alkenyl, heteroaryl-C 2 - 6 - alkenyl, C 3 . 6 -alkenyloxy, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl-C 3 . 6 -alkenyloxy, aryl-C 3 .
  • R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , or more than one of R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 may be independently selected from • halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, -CF 3 ; or
  • R 27 is Ci- 6 -alkyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, C 2 - 6 -alkenyl, C 2 - 6 -alkynyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl- Ci- 6 -alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-C ⁇ e-alkenyl, aryl, aryl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, aryloxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, aryl-C 2 - 6 - alkenyl, heteroaryl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl, heteroaryl-Ci.
  • R 12 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy, -CF 3 , Ci_ 6 -alkyl, C 1-6 - alkoxy, C 2 .
  • R 10 and R 11 independently represent hydrogen, C 1-6 -alkyl, -C(O)-C 1-6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-d- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-C 1-6 -alkyl, -C(O)-C 1-6 -alkyl-C(O)OH, -S(O) 2 -C 1-6 -alkyl, or aryl; and
  • R 13 and R 14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1-6 - alkyl, hydroxy-d. 6 -alkyl, carboxy-d. 6 -alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, each of which is op- tionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 15 ; or R 13 and R 14 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur; and R 15 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF 3 , Ci-e-alkyl, -S(O) 2 CH 3 , or -S(O) 2 NH 2 ; and
  • R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently selected from
  • Ci-e-alkyl C 2 - 6 -alkenyl, C 2 - 6 -alkynyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, Ci_ 6 -alkylthio, C 2 . 6 - alkenylthio, Ci- 6 -alkylamino, Ci- 6 -alkylsulfenyl, -C(O)-O-Ci.
  • each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 25 ; or
  • R 16 , R 17 , and R 18 are independently Ci -6 -alkyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, car- boxy, oxo, -CF 3 , carboxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, hydroxy-Ci.
  • R 19 and R 20 independently represent hydrogen, Ci_ 6 -alkyl, C 2 - 6 -alkenyl, C 3-8 - cycloalkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci. 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci.
  • R 21 is selected from
  • Ci-6-alkyl C 2 - 6 -alkenyl , carboxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, Ci- 6 -alkylamino-Ci- 6 -alkyl or hy- droxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-NR 22 R 23 ; or • aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-C ⁇ -alkyl, or heteroaryl-Ci. 6 -alkyl, wherein the aryl or heteroaryl part is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 24 ; or
  • R 22 and R 23 are independently selected from hydrogen, Ci_ 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci-e-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci -6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-S(O) 2 -Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; or R 22 and R 23 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered hetero- cyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 24 ; and
  • R 24 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF 3 , d- 6 -alkyl, hydroxy-Ci -6 - alkyl, carboxy-Ci -6 -alkyl, -C(O)-Ci -6 -alkyl, -C(O)-C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, -C(O)-aryl, -C(O)-heteroaryl, -C(O)- C 3 - 8 -heterocyclyl -C(O)-O-Ci -6 -alkyl, -Ci -6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci -6 - alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-Ci.
  • R 25 and R 26 are independently Ci. 6 -alkyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci -6 -alkyl, -CF 3 ,
  • R 28 is d-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci -6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, aryl, aryl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, heteroaryl optionally substituted with Ci_ 6 -alkyl, -NH 2 , or -N(CH 3 ) 2 ; and
  • R 29 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF 3 , Ci_ 6 -alkyl, or Ci-e-alkoxy;
  • R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 are independently selected from the group consisting of
  • R 10 and R 11 independently represent hydrogen, Ci-e-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci -6 -alkyl, -C(O)-Ci -6 -alkyl-C(O)OH, -S(O) 2 -Ci- 6 -alkyl, or aryl; and
  • R 27 is Ci-e-alkyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, C 2 . 6 -alkenyl, C 2 . 6 -alkynyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 . 8 -cycloalkyl- Ci- 6 -alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-C ⁇ e-alkenyl, aryl, aryl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, aryloxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, aryl-C 2 - 6 - alkenyl, heteroaryl, C 3 - 8 -heterocyclyl, heteroaryl-Ci.
  • R 12 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy, -CF 3 , Ci_ 6 -alkyl, C 1-6 - alkoxy, -NR 10 R 11 , -S(O) 2 CH 3 , or -S(O) 2 NH 2 ;
  • R 13 and R 14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, d- 6 - alkyl, hydroxy-d- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-d- 6 -alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 15 ; or R 13 and R 14 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur; and R 15 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF 3 , Ci-e-alkyl, -S(O) 2 CH 3 , or -S(O) 2 NH 2 ; and
  • A must have at least one substituent selected from R 7 , R 8 and R 9 ;
  • At least one of R 7 , R 8 and R 9 is independently selected from
  • R 7 , R 8 and R 9 may be independently selected from
  • Ci -6 -alkyl C 2 . 6 -alkenyl, C 2 . 6 -alkynyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, Ci. 6 -alkylthio, C 2 . 6 - alkenylthio, Ci- 6 -alkylamino, Ci_ 6 -alkylsulfenyl, -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, formyl, -C(O)-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-O-C(O)-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -NH-C(O)-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -d- ⁇ -alkoxy-d- ⁇ -alkyl, -Ci- ⁇ -alkyl-S-Ci- ⁇ -alkyI, carboxy-C(
  • each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 49 ; or
  • R 16 is -NR 19 R 20 , -NHS(O) 2 CF 3 , -NHS(O) 2 CH 2 CF 3 , -C(O)NR 19 R 20 , -S(O) 2 CF 3 , -S(O) 2 CH 2 CF 3 , or -S(O) 2 NR 19 R 20 ; and R 19 represents hydrogen, Ci -6 -alkyl, C 2-6 - alkenyl, C 3 . 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, hydroxy-Ci. 6 -alkyl, hydroxy-C 2 .
  • R 20 represents C 2 - 6 -alkenyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 24 ;
  • R 21 is selected from C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 . 8 -cycloalkenyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3 . 8 -cycloalkenyl-Ci- 6 - alkyl, C 2 - 6 -alkenyl, carboxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, Ci- 6 -alkylamino-Ci- 6 -alkyl or hydroxy-Ci- 6 - alkyl, -Ci. 6 -alkyl-NR 22 R 23 which is substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 24 ; and
  • R 22 and R 23 are independently selected from hydrogen, Ci_ 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci-e-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci -6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-S(O) 2 -Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; or R 22 and R 23 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the hetero- cyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 24 ; and
  • R 24 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF 3 , Ci- 6 -alkyl, hydroxy-Ci- 6 - alkyl, carboxy-Ci -6 -alkyl, -C(O)-C 1-6 -alkyl, -C(O)-C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, -C(O)-aryl,
  • R 25 is Ci- 6 -alkyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci -6 -alkyl, -CF 3 , -S(O) 2 CH 3 , or -S(O) 2 NH 2 ; and
  • R 28 is d-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci -6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, aryl, aryl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, heteroaryl optionally substituted with Ci_ 6 -alkyl, -NH 2 , or -N(CH 3 ) 2 ; and
  • R 29 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF 3 , Ci_ 6 -alkyl, or Ci-e-alkoxy;
  • R 40 , R 41 , and R 42 are independently Ci_ 6 -alkyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF 3 , carboxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, hydroxy-Ci.
  • R 43 and R 44 independently represent hydrogen, Ci_ 6 -alkyl, C 2 - 6 -alkenyl, C 3-8 - cycloalkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci.
  • R 45 is selected from • Ci -6 -alkyl, C 2 - 6 -alkenyl , carboxy-Ci. 6 -alkyl, Ci- 6 -alkylamino-Ci- 6 -alkyl or hy- droxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-NR 46 R 47 ; or
  • R 46 and R 47 are independently selected from hydrogen, Ci-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci. 6 -alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci -6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-S(O) 2 -Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; or R 46 and R 47 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently se- lected from R 48 ; and
  • R 48 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF 3 , Ci-e-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci- 6 - alkyl, carboxy-Ci -6 -alkyl, -C(O)-Ci -6 -alkyl, -C(O)-C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, -C(O)-aryl, -C(O)-heteroaryl, -C(O)- C 3 - 8 -heterocyclyl -C(O)-O-Ci -6 -alkyl, -Ci -6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci -6 - alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3-8 - heterocyclyl, Cs
  • R 49 and R 50 are independently Ci_ 6 -alkyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci -6 -alkyl, -CF 3 , -S(O) 2 CH 3 , or -S(O) 2 NH 2 ; and R 52 is d-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci -6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, aryl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl optionally substituted with Ci_ 6 -alkyl, -NH 2 , or -N(CH 3 ) 2 ; and
  • R 53 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF 3 , Ci- 6 -alkyl, or Ci- 6 -alkoxy;
  • any salt hereof with a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base or any optical isomer or mixture of optical isomers, including a racemic mixture, or any tautomeric forms
  • Embodiment 2 A compound according to embodiment 1 wherein R 1 is C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3-8 - cycloalkenyl, indanyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothiofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, 1 ,4-dioxanyl, 1 ,3-dioxanyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, or piperazinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 .
  • R 1 is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptyl, cycloheptenyl, cyclooctyl, bicyclo[3.2.1 ]octyl, bicyclo[2.2.1 ]heptyl, norpinyl, norbonyl, norcaryl, adamantyl, indanyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothiofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, 1 ,4-dioxanyl, 1 ,3-dioxanyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, or piperazinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R 3
  • Embodiment 4 A compound according to embodiment 3 wherein R 1 is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptyl, bicyclo[3.2.1]octyl, bicy- clo[2.2.1 ]heptyl, adamantyl, indanyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, or piperazinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 .
  • Embodiment 5 A compound according to embodiment 4 wherein R 1 is cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptyl, bicyclo[2.2.1 ]heptyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, or piperazinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 .
  • Embodiment 6 A compound according to embodiment 5 wherein R 1 is selected from
  • Embodiment 7 A compound according to embodiment 6 wherein R 1 is selected from
  • Embodiment 8 A compound according to embodiment 7 wherein R 1 is selected from
  • Embodiment 9 A compound according to embodiment 8 wherein R 1 is selected from
  • Embodiment 10 A compound according to embodiment 9 wherein R 1 is selected from
  • Embodiment 1 1 A compound according to embodiment 10 wherein R 1 is
  • Embodiment 12 A compound according to embodiment 10 wherein R 1 is
  • Embodiment 13 A compound according to embodiment 10 wherein R 1 is
  • Embodiment 14 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 13 wherein R 2 is C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkenyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothiofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, tet- rahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, 1 ,4-dioxanyl, 1 ,3-dioxanyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, mor- pholinyl, or piperazinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 .
  • Embodiment 15 A compound according to embodiment 14 wherein R 2 is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptyl, cycloheptenyl, cyclooctyl, bicy- clo[3.2.1 ]octyl, bicyclo[2.2.1 ]heptyl, norpinyl, norbonyl, norcaryl, adamantyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothiofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, 1 ,4-dioxanyl, 1 ,3-dioxanyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, or piperazinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R 30 , R
  • Embodiment 16 A compound according to embodiment 15 wherein R 2 is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, bicyclo[3.2.1]octyl, bicyclo[2.2.1 ]heptyl, adamantyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, or piperazinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 .
  • Embodiment 17 A compound according to embodiment 16 wherein R 2 is cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, bicyclo[2.2.1 ]heptyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydro- pyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, or piperazinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 .
  • Embodiment 18 A compound according to embodiment 17 wherein R 2 is selected from
  • Embodiment 19 A compound according to embodiment 17 wherein R 2 is selected from
  • Embodiment 20 A compound according to embodiment 19 wherein R 2 is selected from
  • Embodiment 21 A compound according to embodiment 20 wherein R 2 is selected from
  • Embodiment 22 A compound according to embodiment 21 wherein R 2 is selected from
  • Embodiment 23 A compound according to embodiment 22 wherein R is
  • Embodiment 24 A compound according to embodiment 22 wherein R is
  • Embodiment 25 A compound according to embodiment 22 wherein R is
  • Embodiment 26 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 25 wherein R 1
  • R D2 is cycloheptyl
  • Embodiment 27 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 25 wherein R 1
  • R 2 is cyclohexyl
  • Embodiment 28 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 27 wherein A is thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyridyl, benzothiazolyl, 5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopentathiazolyl,
  • Embodiment 29 A compound according to embodiment 28 wherein A is
  • Embodiment 30 A compound according to embodiment 28 wherein A is thiazolyl or thiadia- zolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 7 , R 8 and R 9 .
  • Embodiment 31 A compound according to embodiment 30 wherein A is thiazolyl, 1 ,2,4- thiadiazolyl, or 1 ,3,4-thiadiazolyl, optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 7 , R 8 and R 9 .
  • Embodiment 32 A compound according to embodiment 31 wherein A is
  • Embodiment 33 A compound according to embodiment 32 wherein A is
  • Embodiment 34 A compound according to embodiment 33 wherein A is
  • Embodiment 35 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 34 wherein at least one of R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 is independently selected from the group consisting of C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl-C 3 - 6 -alkenyl, aryl-C 2 - 6 -alkenyl, C 3 - 6 -alkenyloxy, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl-C 3 - 6-alkenyloxy, aryl-C 3 - 6 -alkenyloxy, Cs-s-cycloalkenyl-Ci-e-alkoxy, C 3 - 8 -heterocyclyl-Ci- 6 -alkoxy, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Cs-e-alkenyloxy, Ci-e-alkoxy-Cs-e-alkenyloxy, C 3 - 8 -alkeny
  • Embodiment 36 A compound according to embodiment 35 wherein at least one of R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 is independently selected from the group consisting of C 3-8 - cycloalkyl-C 3 - 6 -alkenyl, aryl-C 2 - 6 -alkenyl, C 3 - 6 -alkenyloxy, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Cs-e-alkenyloxy, aryl- C 3 - 6 -alkenyloxy, Cs-s-cycloalkenyl-Ci-e-alkoxy, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkoxy, C 3 - 8 -heterocyclyl- C 3 - 6 -alkenyloxy, Ci-e-alkoxy-Cs-e-alkenyloxy, C 3 - 8 -alkenyloxy-Ci- 6 -
  • Embodiment 37 A compound according to embodiment 36 wherein at least one of R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 is independently selected from the group consisting of C 3 - 8 - cycloalkyl-d-e-alkenyl, aryl-C 2 -6-alkenyl, C 3 .
  • Embodiment 38 A compound according to embodiment 37 wherein at least one of R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 is independently selected from the group consisting of C 3-6 - alkenyloxy, aryloxy-Ci.
  • 6 -alkyl Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, aryl-Ci- 6 -alkyloxy-Ci- 6 - alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, C 3 - 6 -alkenylthio, arylthio-Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl-Ci- 6-alkylthio-Ci- 6 -alkyl, or heteroaryloxy-Ci. 6 -alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 12 , and wherein each aryl is phenyl and heteroaryl is pyridyl.
  • Embodiment 39 A compound according to embodiment 38 wherein at least one of R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 is independently selected from the group consisting of C 3 . 6 - alkenyloxy, phenyloxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, benzyloxy-Ci.e-alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl.
  • Embodiment 40 Embodiment 40.
  • Embodiment 41 is independently selected from the group consisting of C 3 - 6 - alkenyloxy, phenyloxy-methyl, benzyloxy-methyl, or cyclopropyl-methoxymethyl.
  • Embodiment 42 A compound according to embodiment 41 wherein the additional R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 are independently selected from the group consisting of
  • Embodiment 43 A compound according to embodiment 42 wherein the additional R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 are independently selected from the group consisting of
  • Embodiment 44 A compound according to embodiment 43 wherein the additional R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 are independently selected from the group consisting of • halogen, -CF 3 ; or
  • Embodiment 45 A compound according to embodiment 44 wherein the additional R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 are independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, -CF 3 , methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, terf-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, -C(O)-R 27 , - S(O) 2 -NR 13 R 14 or -S(O) 2 -R 27 .
  • Embodiment 46 Embodiment 46.
  • R 12 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF 3 , Ci-e-alkyloxy, C 3 . 8 -cycloalkyloxy, aryloxy, aryl-Ci- 6 - alkyloxy or Ci_ 6 -alkyl.
  • Embodiment 47 A compound according to embodiment 46 wherein R 12 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF 3 , methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, cyclopropyloxy, cyclobutyloxy, cyclopen- tyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, cycloheptyloxy, phenoxy, benzyloxy, phenyl-ethyloxy, phenyl-propoxy, methyl, ethyl or propyl.
  • Embodiment 48 A compound according to embodiment 47 wherein R 12 is halogen, carboxy, ethoxy, propoxy, cyclopropyloxy, cyclobutyloxy, cyclopentyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, cycloheptyloxy, phenoxy, benzyloxy, phenyl-ethyloxy, phenyl-propoxy, methyl, ethyl or propyl.
  • R 12 is halogen, carboxy, ethoxy, propoxy, cyclopropyloxy, cyclobutyloxy, cyclopentyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, cycloheptyloxy, phenoxy, benzyloxy, phenyl-ethyloxy, phenyl-propoxy, methyl, ethyl or propyl.
  • Embodiment 49 A compound according to embodiment 47 wherein R 12 is halogen, carboxy, ethoxy, propoxy, cycl
  • R 10 and R 11 independently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, -C(O)-CH 3 , -C(O)-CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 C(O)OH, -CH 2 CH 2 C(O)OH, -C(O)-CH 2 -C(O)OH, -C(O)-CH 2 CH 2 -C(O)OH, -S(O) 2 CH 3 , or phenyl.
  • Embodiment 50 independently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, -C(O)-CH 3 , -C(O)-CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 C(O)OH, -CH 2 CH 2 C(O)OH, -C(O)-CH 2 CH 2 -C(O)OH, -S(O) 2 CH 3 , or phenyl.
  • R 10 and R 11 independ- ently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, -C(O)-CH 3 , -CH 2 C(O)OH, -C(O)-CH 2 -C(O)OH, -S(O) 2 CH 3 , or phenyl.
  • Embodiment 51 A compound according to embodiment 50 wherein R 10 and R 11 independently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or phenyl.
  • Embodiment 52 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 35 to 51 wherein R 27 is Ci- 6 -alkyl, d-e-alkoxy, C 2 . 6 -alkenyl, C 2 . 6 -alkynyl, C 3 .
  • Embodiment 53 A compound according to embodiment 52 wherein R 27 is Ci_ 6 -alkyl, Ci -6 - alkoxy, C 3 . 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, aryl-C 2 . 6 -alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl- Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-C 1 . 6 -alkyl, carboxy-C 1 . 6 -alkyl, C 1 . 6 -alkoxy-C 1 .
  • R 27 is Ci_ 6 -alkyl, C 1-6 - alkoxy, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl-d- 6 -alkyl, aryl-d- 6 -alkyl, C 1 . 6-alkoxy-d-e-alkyl, carboxy-d. 6 -alkyl, or heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 12 .
  • Embodiment 55 is Ci_ 6 -alkyl, C 1-6 - alkoxy, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl-d- 6 -alkyl, aryl-d- 6 -alkyl, C 1 . 6-alkoxy-d-e-alkyl, carboxy-d. 6 -alky
  • R 27 is methyl, ethyl, pro- pyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, 1 ,1 ,1 -trifluoroethyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopropylmethyl, phenyl, or pyridyl, thiophene, imidazole, or thiazole.
  • Embodiment 57 A compound according to embodiment 56 wherein R 27 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl Embodiment 58.
  • Embodiment 59 A compound according to embodiment 58 wherein R 13 and R 14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxy- methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, phenyl, or naphtyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 15 ; or R 13 and R 14 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur.
  • Embodiment 60 A compound according to embodiment 58 wherein R 13 and R 14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxy- methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, phenyl, or naphtyl, each
  • R 13 and R 14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, or phenyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 15 .
  • Embodiment 61 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 35 to 60 wherein R 15 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF 3 , methyl, ethyl, or propyl.
  • Embodiment 62 A compound according to embodiment 61 wherein R 15 is halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF 3 , methyl, or ethyl.
  • Embodiment 63 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 34 wherein R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently selected from
  • Ci-e-alkyl C 2 - 6 -alkenyl, d-e-alkoxy, C ⁇ e-alkylthio, d-e-alkylamino, C ⁇ e-alkylsulfenyl, -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl,
  • each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 25 ; or
  • Embodiment 64 A compound according to embodiment 63 wherein R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently selected from
  • Embodiment 65 A compound according to embodiment 64 wherein R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently selected from
  • R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently selected from halogen, carboxy, -CF 3 , -S-CH 3 , -S-CH 2 CH 3 , -S-CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, terf-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, -CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 -O-C(O)-CH 3 , -CH 2 -O-C(O)-CH 3 , -CH 2 -O-C(O)-CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2
  • Embodiment 67 A compound according to embodiment 66 wherein R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently selected from Cl, -S-CH 3 , -S-CH 2 CH 3 , -S-CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , -S-CH(CH 3 ) 2 , - S-CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2 , methyl, or ethyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 16 ; -S(O) 2 -NR 19 R 20 Or -S(O) 2 -R 21 .
  • Embodiment 68 Embodiment 68.
  • a compound according to embodiment 67 wherein R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are independently selected from -S-CH 3 , -S-CH 2 CH 3 -S-CH(CH 3 ) 2 , or -S-CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2 , each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 16 .
  • R 16 , R 17 , and R 18 are independently Ci- 6 -alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, -CF 3 , carboxy-Ci- 6 - alkyl, hydroxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -NR 19 R 20 , - C(O)NR 19 R 20 or -S(O) 2 -Ci- 6 -alkyl.
  • Embodiment 70 Embodiment 70.
  • R 16 , R 17 , and R 18 are in- dependently methyl, ethyl, propyl, halogen, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, -CF 3 , carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy-propyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl, -CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , or -S(O) 2 CH 3 .
  • Embodiment 71 A compound according to embodiment 70 wherein R 16 , R 17 , and R 18 are in- dependently methyl, ethyl, propyl, halogen, oxo, carboxy, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy-propyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl, -CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , or -S(O) 2 CH 3
  • Embodiment 72 A compound according to embodiment 69 wherein R 16 , R 17 , and R 18 are in- dependently methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, halogen, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, -CF 3 , carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy-propyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl, -CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O)-O
  • Embodiment 73 A compound according to embodiment 72 wherein R 16 , R 17 , and R 18 are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, halogen, oxo, carboxy, carboxy- methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy-propyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl, -CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , or -S
  • Embodiment 74 A compound according to embodiment 69 wherein R 16 , R 17 , and R 18 are independently Ci -6 -alkyl, carboxy, -NR 19 R 20 , -C(O)-O-Ci -6 -alkyl, -S(O) 2 CH 3 or -C(O)NR 19 R 20 .
  • Embodiment 75 A compound according to embodiment 74 wherein R 16 , R 17 , and R 18 are carboxy.
  • Embodiment 76 A compound according to embodiment 74 wherein R 16 , R 17 , and R 18 are carboxy.
  • R 19 and R 20 independently represent hydrogen, Ci_ 6 -alkyl, hydroxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, phenyl, naphtyl, C 3 . 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 . 8 -heterocyclyl, phenyl-Ci.
  • Embodiment 77 A compound according to embodiment 76 wherein R 19 and R 20 independently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy- propyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl, phenyl, C 3 .
  • Embodiment 78 A compound according to embodiment 76 wherein R 19 and R 20 independ- ently represent hydrogen, Ci_ 6 -alkyl, -S(O) 2 -Ci- 6 -alkyl, or R 19 and R 20 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 24 .
  • Embodiment 79 Embodiment 79.
  • Embodiment 80 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 79 wherein R 21 is selected from
  • Embodiment 81 A compound according to embodiment 80 wherein R 21 is selected from
  • Embodiment 82 A compound according to embodiment 81 wherein R 21 is selected from • methyl, ethyl, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy-propyl; or
  • Embodiment 83 A compound according to embodiment 82 wherein R 21 is selected from carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, or carboxy-propyl.
  • Embodiment 84 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 83 wherein R 22 and R 23 are independently selected from hydrogen, Ci_ 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, hydroxy-d- 6-alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, phenyl, naphtyl, or R 22 and R 23 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substitute
  • Embodiment 85 A compound according to embodiment 84 wherein R 22 and R 23 are independently selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, carboxymethyl, carboxyethyl, carboxypropyl, hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, phenyl, naphtyl, or R 22 and R 23 together with the nitro- gen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, wherein the heterocyclic ring is pyrrolidyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, or morpholinyl, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 24 .
  • Embodiment 86 A compound according to embodiment 85 wherein R 22 and R 23 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, wherein the heterocyclic ring is pyrrolidyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, or morpholinyl, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 24 .
  • Embodiment 87 A compound according to embodiment 85 wherein R 22 and R 23 is selected from methyl, ethyl or propyl.
  • Embodiment 88 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 87 wherein R 24 is halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF 3 , Ci_ 6 -alkyl, hydroxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci -6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-Ci -6 - alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 - 8 -heterocyclyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3-8 - heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(
  • Embodiment 89 A compound according to embodiment 88 wherein R 24 is halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF 3 , Ci-e-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci. 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci. 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-Ci- 6 -alkyl,
  • Embodiment 90 A compound according to embodiment 89 wherein R 24 is halogen, carboxy, oxo, -CF 3 , d-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci -6 -alkyl, -C(O)-Ci -6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci -6 -alkyl, aryl, aryl-Ci -6 - alkyl, C 3 . 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 . 8 -heterocyclyl, C 3 .
  • Embodiment 91 A compound according to embodiment 88 wherein R 24 is halogen, carboxy, d-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci -6 -alkyl, or -C(O)-O-Ci -6 -alkyl.
  • Embodiment 92 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 91 wherein R 25 and R 26 are independently Ci- 6 -alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, or -CF 3 .
  • Embodiment 93 A compound according to embodiment 92 wherein R 25 and R 26 are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, or -CF 3 .
  • Embodiment 95 A compound according to embodiment 94 wherein R 28 is Ci- 6 -alkyl, -Ci -6 - alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, or -N(CH 3 ) 2 .
  • Embodiment 96 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 95 wherein R 29 is halogen, carboxy, -CF 3 , Ci_ 6 -alkyl, or Ci-e-alkoxy.
  • Embodiment 97 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 34 wherein R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 are independently selected from the group consisting of • halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, -CF 3 ; or
  • Ci-e-alkoxy C 3 - 6 -cycloalkyl-Ci- 6 -alkoxy, aryl-Ci- 6 - alkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-Ci- 6 -alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, Ci_ 6 -alkylthio, aryl- thio, heteroarylthio, C 3 . 8 -cycloalkylthio, aryl-Ci. 6 -alkylthio, heteroaryl-Ci. 6 -alkylthio, Ci-
  • Ci- 6 -alkyl Ci- 6 -alkylthio-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci- 6 -alkyloxy, amino-Ci- 6 -alkyl, Ci -6 - alkylamino-Ci-6-alkyl, di-(Ci- 6 -alkyl)amino-Ci- 6 -alkyl, Ci-e-alkylsulfamoyl, di(Ci- 6 - alkyl)sulfamoyl, Ci-e-alkylsulfinamoyl or di(Ci-6-alkyl)sulfinamoyl each of which is op- tionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 12 ; or
  • R 10 and R 11 independently represent hydrogen, Ci -6 -alkyl, -C(O)-Ci -6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci -6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci -6 -alkyl-C(O)OH, -S(O) 2 -Ci- 6 -alkyl, or aryl; and
  • R 27 is Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, C 2 . 6 -alkenyl, C 2 . 6 -alkynyl, C 3 . 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 . 8 -cycloalkyl-Ci- 6 - alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-C ⁇ e-alkenyl, aryl, aryl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, aryloxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, aryl-C 2 - 6 -alkenyl, het- eroaryl, C 3 - 8 -heterocyclyl, heteroaryl-Ci.
  • R 12 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy, -CF 3 , Ci- 6 -alkyl, Ci- 6 -alkoxy, - NR 10 R 11 , -S(O) 2 CH 3 , or -S(O) 2 NH 2 ;
  • R 13 and R 14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, Ci_ 6 -alkyl, hy- droxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci. 6 -alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 15 ; or R 13 and R 14 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur; and
  • R 15 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF 3 , Ci-e-alkyl, -S(O) 2 CH 3 , or -S(O) 2 NH 2 ;
  • At least one of R 7 , R 8 and R 9 is independently selected from
  • R 7 , R 8 and R 9 may additionally be independently selected from
  • Ci-alkylsulfenyl -C(0)-0-Ci- 6 -alkyl, formyl, -C(O)-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-O-C(O)-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -NH-C(O)-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -Ci- ⁇ -alkoxy-Ci- ⁇ -alkyI, -d- ⁇ -alkyl-S-d- ⁇ -alkyl, carboxy-Ci-e- alkyl
  • each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 49 ; or
  • R 16 is -NR 19 R 20 , -NHS(O) 2 CF 3 , -NHS(O) 2 CH 2 CF 3 , -C(O)NR 19 R 20 , -S(O) 2 CF 3 , -S(O) 2 CH 2 CF 3 , or -S(O) 2 NR 19 R 20 ;
  • R 19 represents hydrogen, Ci_ 6 -alkyl, C 2 . 6 -alkenyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, hy- droxy-Ci-6-alkyl, hydroxy-C 2 . 6 -alkenyl, carboxy-Ci. 6 -alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 3 .
  • R 20 represents C 2 - 6 -alkenyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl each of which is option- ally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 24 ;
  • R 21 is selected from
  • R 22 and R 23 are independently selected from hydrogen, Ci-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci. 6 -alkyl, hydroxy- d-e-alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-S(O) 2 -Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3 - 8 - cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; or R 22 and R 23 together with the nitrogen to which they are at- tached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 24 ; and
  • R 24 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF 3 , Ci-e-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci. 6 -alkyl, car- boxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, -C(O)-aryl, -C(O)-heteroaryl, -C(O)- C 3 - 8 -heterocyclyl -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-Ci- 6 - alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 - 8 -hetero
  • R 25 is Ci-e-alkyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -CF 3 , -S(O) 2 CH 3 , or -S(O) 2 NH 2 ; and
  • R 28 is d- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, aryl, aryl- Ci- 6 -alkyl, heteroaryl optionally substituted with Ci_ 6 -alkyl, -NH 2 , or -N(CH 3 ) 2 ; and
  • R 29 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF 3 , Ci_ 6 -alkyl, or Ci-e-alkoxy;
  • R 40 , R 41 , and R 42 are independently Ci_ 6 -alkyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF 3 , carboxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, hydroxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-NR 43 R 44 , -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -NR 43 R 44 , -NHS(O) 2 Ci- 6 -alkyl, -NHS(O) 2 CF 3 , -NHS(O) 2 CH 2 CF 3 , -C(O)NR 43 R 44 , -S(O) 2 Ci- 6
  • 6 -alkyl carboxy-Ci. 6 -alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C 3 - 8 -heterocyclyl, aryl-d e-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci -6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-NR 46 R 47 , or -S(O) 2 -C 1 .
  • R 45 is selected from
  • Ci -6 -alkyl C 2 - 6 -alkenyl , carboxy-Ci. 6 -alkyl, Ci- 6 -alkylamino-Ci- 6 -alkyl or hy- droxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-NR 46 R 47 ; or • aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-Ci -6 -alkyl, or heteroaryl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, wherein the aryl or heteroaryl part is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 48 ; or
  • R 46 and R 47 are independently selected from hydrogen, Ci -6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci -6 -alkyl, hydroxy- d-e-alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci -6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-S(O) 2 -Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3-8 - cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; or R 46 and R 47 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 48 ; and
  • R 48 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF 3 , Ci_ 6 -alkyl, hydroxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, car- boxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci -6 -alkyl, -C(O)-C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, -C(O)-aryl, -C(O)-heteroaryl, -C(O)- C 3 - 8 -heterocyclyl -C(O)-O-Ci -6 -alkyl, -Ci -6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci -6 -alkyl I aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-Ci -6 - alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci.
  • R 52 is d- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-d-e-alkyl, -C 1 . 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-C 1 . 6 -alkyl, C 3 . 8 -cycloalkyl, aryl, aryl- Ci- 6 -alkyl, heteroaryl optionally substituted with Ci-e-alkyl, -NH 2 , or -N(CH 3 ) 2 ; and R 53 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF 3 , Ci_ 6 -alkyl, or Ci-e-alkoxy.
  • Embodiment 98 Embodiment 98.
  • Ci-e-alkoxy Ci. 6 -alkylthio, each of which is substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 16 ; or
  • Embodiment 100 A compond according to embodiment 99 wherein at least one of R 7 , R 8 and R 9 is independently selected from
  • each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 25 .
  • Embodiment 101 A compond according to embodiment 10O wherein at least one of R 7 , R 8 and R 9 is independently selected from Ci- 6 -alkylthio substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 16 , or -S(O) 2 -R 21 , -S(O) 2 -NR 19 R 20 , or -S(O) 2 NR 19 (Ci- 6 -alkyl- C(O)NR 22 R 23 ), wherein each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 25 .
  • Embodiment 102 A compond according to embodiment 101 wherein at least one of R 7 , R 8 and R 9 is independently selected from -S-CH 3 , -S-CH 2 CH 3 , -S-CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 each of which is substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 16 , or -S(O) 2 -R 21 , -S(O) 2 -NR 19 R 20 , or -S(O) 2 NR 19 (CH 3 )-C(O)NR 22 R 23 )
  • Embodiment 103 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 102 wherein, if more than one of R 7 , R 8 , or R 9 is present, that additional one or more of R 7 , R 8 , and R 9 is independently selected from from the group consisting of
  • Ci-e-alkyl C 2 - 6 -alkenyl, C 2 - 6 -alkynyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, Ci_ 6 -alkylthio, C 2 . 6 - alkenylthio, Ci- 6 -alkylamino, Ci.
  • each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 49 ; or
  • Embodiment 104 A compound according to embodiment 103 wherein the additional one or more of R 7 , R 8 , and R 9 is independently selected from • halogen, carboxy, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, -CF 3 ,-SCN; or
  • Ci-6-alkyl C 2 -6-alkenyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, Ci- 6 -alkylthio, Ci- 6 -alkylamino, Ci -6 - alkylsulfenyl, -C(O)-O-Ci -6 -alkyl, -C(O)-Ci -6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-O-C(O)-C 1 _ 6 -alkyl, -NH-C(O)-C 1-6 -alkyl, -d- ⁇ -alkoxy-d- ⁇ -alkyl, -Ci-e-alkyl-S-Ci-e-alkyl, Ca- ⁇ -cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyI, C 3 - 6 -cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyI
  • each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 49 ; or
  • Embodiment 105 A compound according to embodiment 104 wherein the additional one or more of R 7 , R 8 , and R 9 is independently selected from
  • each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 49 ; or • -C(O)NR 46 R 47 , -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)NR 46 R 47 optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 50 ; or two of R 7 , R 8 and R 9 can be taken together to form a C 2 . 5 -alkylene bridge.
  • Embodiment 106 A compound according to embodiment 105 wherein the additional one or more of R 7 , R 8 , and R 9 is independently selected from • halogen, carboxy or -CF 3 ; or
  • Embodiment 107 A compound according to embodiment 106 wherein the additional one or more of R 7 , R 8 , and R 9 is independently selected from halogen, carboxy, -CF 3 , -S-CH 3 ,
  • Embodiment 108 A compound according to embodiment 107 wherein the additional one or more of R 7 , R 8 , and R 9 is independently selected from halogen, -S-CH 3 , -S-CH 2 CH 3 , -S-CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , methyl, or ethyl, -S(O) 2 -R 45 , or -S(O) 2 -NR 43 R 44 .
  • Embodiment 109 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 108 wherein R 40 , R 41 , and R 42 are independently Ci_ 6 -alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, -CF 3 , carboxy- Ci-6-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci -6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci -6 -alkyl, -NR 43 R 44 , - C(O)NR 43 R 44 or -S(O) 2 -Ci -6 -alkyl.
  • Embodiment 1 10. A compound according to embodiment 109 wherein R 40 , R 41 , and R 42 are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, halogen, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, -CF 3 , carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy-propyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl, -CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O
  • Embodiment 1 11 A compound according to embodiment 110 wherein R 40 , R 41 , and R 42 are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, halogen, oxo, carboxy, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy-propyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl, -CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -CH 2 CH 2 -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , or -S(O) 2 CH 3 .
  • Embodiment 1 A compound according to embodiment 1 11 wherein R 40 , R 41 , and R 42 are independently Ci -6 -alkyl, carboxy, -NR 43 R 44 , -C(O)-O-d -6 -alkyl or -C(O)NR 43 R 44 .
  • Embodiment 1 13 A compound according to embodiment 1 11 wherein R 40 , R 41 , and R 42 are independently Ci -6 -alkyl, carboxy, -NR 43 R 44 , -C(O)-O-d -6 -alkyl or -C(O)NR 43 R 44 .
  • R 19 , R 43 and R 44 independently represent hydrogen, C 1-6 -alkyl, hydroxy-C 1-6 -alkyl, C 3-8 - cycloalkyl, Cs- ⁇ -cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyI, carboxy-Ci -6 -alkyl, phenyl, naphtyl, C 3 - 8 -heterocyclyl, phenyl-Ci-6-alkyl, Ca-e-heterocyclyl-d-e-alkyl, -C(O)-O-d -6 -alkyl, -d- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-d- 6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-NR 46 R 47 or -S(O) 2 -d- 6 -alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 48 ;
  • Embodiment 1 14. A compound according to embodiment 113 wherein R 19 , R 43 and R 44 inde- pendently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy- propyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl, phenyl, phenyl-d-e-alkyl, C 3 - 8 - heterocyclyl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-NR 46 R 47 , -S(O) 2 -Ci- 6 -alkyl or naphtyl, or R 43 and R 44 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the
  • Embodiment 1 A compound according to embodiment 114 wherein R 19 , R 43 and R 44 independently represent hydrogen, Ci_ 6 -alkyl, -S(O) 2 -Ci- 6 -alkyl or R 43 and R 44 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 48 .
  • Embodiment 1 16 A compound according to embodiment 114 wherein R 19 , R 43 and R 44 independently represent hydrogen, Ci_ 6 -alkyl, -S(O) 2 -Ci- 6 -alkyl or R 43 and R 44 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected
  • Embodiment 1 17 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 1 16 wherein R 45 is selected from
  • Embodiment 1 18. A compound according to embodiment 117 wherein R 45 is selected from
  • Embodiment 1 19 A compound according to embodiment 118 wherein R 45 is selected from
  • Embodiment 120 A compound according to embodiment 119 wherein R 45 is selected from carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy-propyl.
  • Embodiment 121 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 120 wherein R 46 and R 47 are independently selected from hydrogen, Ci- 6 -alkyl, hydroxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy- d-e-alkyl, -C 1 _ 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-C 1 _ 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-d_ 6 -alkyl, C 3 _ 8 -cycloalkyl, phenyl, naphtyl, or R 46 and R 47 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 48 .
  • Embodiment 122 A compound according to embodiment 121 wherein R 46 and R 47 are independently selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, carboxymethyl, carboxyethyl, carboxypropyl, hydroxymethyl, ethoxypropyl, hydroxypropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, phenyl, naphtyl, or R 46 and R 47 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitro- gen atom, wherein the heterocyclic ring is pyrrolidyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, or morpholinyl, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 48 .
  • Embodiment 123 A compound according to embodiment 122 wherein R 46 and R 47 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, wherein the heterocyclic ring is pyrrolidyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, or morpholinyl, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 48 .
  • Embodiment 124 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 123 wherein R 48 is halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF 3 , Ci_ 6 -alkyl, hydroxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-d_ 6 -alkyl, -C 1 _ 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-C 1 _ 6 -alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-d-e- alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 - 8 -heterocyclyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkyl, C 3 - 8 - heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)
  • Embodiment 125 A compound according to embodiment 124 wherein R 48 is halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF 3 , d- 6 -alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci. 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-d-e-alkyl, heteroaryl-d_ 6 -alkyl, C 3 . 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 .
  • R 48 is halogen, car- boxy, oxo, -CF 3 , Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, aryl, aryl- Ci-6-alkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 - 8 -heterocyclyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, or -S(O) 2 R 52 , wherein aryl is phenyl or naphtyl, and wherein each cyclic moiety is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 53 .
  • Embodiment 127 A compound according to embodiment 126 wherein R 48 is halogen, car- boxy, oxo, Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl.
  • Embodiment 128 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 127 wherein R 49 and R 50 are independently Ci_ 6 -alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, or -CF 3 .
  • Embodiment 129. A compound according to embodiment 128 wherein R 49 and R 50 are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, or -CF 3 .
  • Embodiment 131 A compound according to embodiment 130 wherein R 52 is Ci- 6 -alkyl, -Ci -6 - alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, or -N(CH 3 ) 2 .
  • Embodiment 132 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 131 wherein R 53 is halogen, carboxy, -CF 3 , Ci-e-alkyl, or Ci-e-alkoxy.
  • Embodiment 133 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 132 wherein R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 are independently selected from from the group consisting of
  • Ci-e-alkoxy C 3 - 6 -cycloalkyl-Ci- 6 -alkoxy, aryl-Ci- 6 -alkoxy, heteroaryl-Ci- 6 -alkoxy, Ci -6 - alkylthio, aryloxy, arylthio, -C(O)-O-Ci -6 -alkyl, or Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 12 ; or
  • Embodiment 134 A compound according to embodiment 133 wherein R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 are independently selected from the group consisting of
  • Embodiment 135. A compound according to embodiment 134 wherein R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 are independently selected from the group consisting of
  • halogen -CF 3 ; or • methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, terf-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphtyl, benzyl, phenyl-ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, phenylthio, -C(O)-O-CH 3 , or -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 12 ; or
  • Embodiment 136 A compound according to embodiment 135 wherein R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 are independently selected from the group consisting of
  • halogen -CF 3 ; or • methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, terf-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphtyl, benzyl, phenyl-ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, phenylthio, -C(O)-O-CH 3 , or -C(O)-O-CH 2 CH 3 , each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 12 ; or
  • Embodiment 137 A compound according to embodiment 136 wherein R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 30 , R 31 , R 32 and R 33 are independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, -CF 3 , methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, terf-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, -C(O)-R 27 , -S(O) 2 - NR 13 R 14 Or -S(O) 2 -R 27 .
  • Embodiment 138 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 137 wherein R 12 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF 3 , Ci-e-alkyloxy, C 3 . 8 -cycloalkyloxy, aryloxy, aryl- Ci-6-alkyloxy or Ci_ 6 -alkyl.
  • Embodiment 139 A compound according to embodiment 138 wherein R 12 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF 3 , methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, cyclopropyloxy, cyclobutyloxy, cyclopen- tyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, cycloheptyloxy, phenyloxy, phenyl-methoxy, phenyl-ethyloxy, phenyl- propoxy, methyl, ethyl or propyl.
  • Embodiment 140 Embodiment 140.
  • Embodiment 141 Embodiment 141 .
  • Embodiment 142 independently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, -C(O)-CH 3 , -C(O)-CH 2 CH 3 , -CH 2 C(O)OH, -CH 2 CH 2 C(O)OH, -C(O)-CH 2 CH 2 -C(O)OH, -S(O) 2 CH 3 , or phenyl.
  • Embodiment 143 A compound according to embodiment 142 wherein R 10 and R 11 independently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or phenyl.
  • Embodiment 144 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 143 wherein R 27 is Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, C 2 - 6 -alkenyl, C 2 - 6 -alkynyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl-Ci- 6 - alkyl, aryl, aryl-Ci. 6 -alkyl, aryl-C 2 . 6 -alkenyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-Ci.
  • a compound according to embodiment 144 wherein R 27 is Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 1 -6- alkoxy, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, aryl-C 2 - 6 -alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl- Ci-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, Ci- 6 -alkoxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, R 10 HN-Ci- 6 -alkyl, R 10 R 11 N-Ci- 6 -alkyl, R 10 R 11 N-S(O) 2 -Ci- 6 -alkyl, or R 10 R 11 N-C(O)-Ci- 6 -alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 12 .
  • Embodiment 146 A compound according to embodiment 145 wherein R 27 is C ⁇ -alkyl, Ci -6 - alkoxy, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, aryl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, Ci- 6-alkoxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci-e-alkyl, or heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 12 .
  • Embodiment 147 Embodiment 147.
  • Embodiment 148 A compound according to embodiment 147 wherein R 27 is methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, 1 ,1 ,1 -trifluoroethyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopropylmethyl, phenyl, or pyridyl, thiophene, imidazole, or thiazole.
  • Embodiment 149 A compound according to embodiment 148 wherein R 27 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl.
  • Embodiment 150 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 149 wherein R 13 and R 14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, Ci- 6 -alkyl, hy- droxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-C ⁇ -e-alkyl, phenyl, or naphtyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 15 ; or R 13 and R 14 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur.
  • Embodiment 151 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 149 wherein R 13 and R 14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, Ci- 6 -alkyl, hy- droxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-C ⁇ -e-al
  • Embodiment 152 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxy- methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, phenyl, or naphtyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently
  • R 13 and R 14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, or phenyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 15 .
  • Embodiment 153 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 152 wherein R 15 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF 3 , methyl, ethyl, or propyl.
  • Embodiment 154 A compound according to embodiment 153 wherein R 15 is halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF 3 , methyl, or ethyl.
  • Embodiment 155. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 154 wherein R 16 is -NR 19 R 20 , -NHS(O) 2 CF 3 , -NHS(O) 2 CH 2 CF 3 , or -C(O)NR 19 R 20 .
  • Embodiment 156 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 155 wherein R 20 represents C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 24 .
  • Embodiment 157 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 156 wherein R 21 is selected from
  • Embodiment 158 A compound according to embodiment 157 wherein R 21 is C 3 . 8 -cycloalkyl.
  • R 22 and R 23 are independently selected from hydrogen, Ci_ 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, hydroxy- d-e-alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, phenyl, naphtyl, or R 22 and R 23 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 24 .
  • Embodiment 160 A compound according to embodiment 159 wherein R 22 and R 23 are independently selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, carboxymethyl, carboxyethyl, carboxypropyl, hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, phenyl, naphtyl, or R 22 and R 23 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, wherein the heterocyclic ring is pyrrolidyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, or morpholinyl, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 24 .
  • R 22 and R 23 are independently selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, but
  • Embodiment 161 A compound according to embodiment 160 wherein R 22 and R 23 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, wherein the heterocyclic ring is pyrrolidyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, or morpholinyl, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R 24 .
  • Embodiment 162 A compound according to embodiment 160 wherein R 22 and R 23 are independently hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or propyl.
  • Embodiment 163 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 162 wherein R 24 is halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF 3 , Ci_ 6 -alkyl, hydroxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-d_ 6 -alkyl, -C 1 _ 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-C 1 _ 6 -alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-d-e- alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 - 8 -heterocyclyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkyl, C 3 - 8 - heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)
  • Embodiment 164 A compound according to embodiment 163 wherein R 24 is halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF 3 , Ci-e-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci. 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci-e-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-d-e-alkyl, heteroaryl-d-e-alkyl, C 3 . 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 . 8 - heterocyclyl, C 3 .
  • Embodiment 166 A compound according to embodiment 165 wherein R 24 is carboxy, oxo, Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, aryl, aryl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, C 3 - 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3-8 - heterocyclyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, or -S(O) 2 R 28 , wherein aryl is phenyl or naphtyl, and wherein each cyclic moiety is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independ- ently selected from R 29 .
  • Embodiment 167 A compound according to embodiment 166 wherein R 24 is carboxy.
  • Embodiment 168. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 167 wherein R 25 is independently Ci_ 6 -alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, or -CF 3 .
  • Embodiment 169. A compound according to embodiment 168 wherein R 25 is independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, or -CF 3 .
  • Embodiment 170 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 169 wherein R 28 is d-e-alkyl, -Ci- 6 -alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci- 6 -alkyl, carboxy-Ci-e-alkyl, phenyl, phenyl-Ci- 6 -alkyl, heteroaryl optionally substituted with Ci- 6 -alkyl or -N(CH 3 ) 2 , wherein heteroaryl is imidazolyl, pyridyl or pyrimidyl.
  • Embodiment 171 A compound according to embodiment 170 wherein R 28 is Ci- 6 -alkyl, car- boxy-Ci- 6 -alkyl, or -N(CH 3 ) 2 .
  • Embodiment 172 A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 171 wherein R 29 is halogen, carboxy, -CF 3 , Ci-e-alkyl, or Ci-e-alkoxy.
  • the invention provides a compound which is 1 ,1 -Dicyclopentyl-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea
  • the invention provides a compound which is
  • the invention provides a compound which is 1 ,1 -Dicyclopentyl-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea
  • the present invention provides a novel pharmaceutical composition, comprising: a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the present invention provides a novel method of treating type 2 diabetes, comprising: administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
  • the invention provides a method of preventing hypoglycaemia comprising ad- ministration of a compound according to the present invention.
  • the invention provides the use of a compound according to the present invention for the preparation of a medicament for the prevention of hypoglycaemia.
  • the invention provides a compound as described herein, which is an agent useful for the treatment of an indication selected from the group consisting of hyperglycemia, IGT, insulin resistance syndrome, syndrome X, type 2 diabetes, type 1 diabetes, dyslipide- mia, hypertension, and obesity.
  • the invention provides a compound which is
  • the invention provides a compound as described herein for use as a me- dicament.
  • the invention provides a compound as described herein for treatment of hyperglycemia, for treatment of IGT, for treatment of Syndrome X, for treatment of type 2 diabetes, for treatment of type 1 diabetes, for treatment of dyslipidemia, for treatment of hy- perlipidemia, for treatment of hypertension, for treatment of obesity, for lowering of food intake, for appetite regulation, for regulating feeding behaviour, or for enhancing the secretion of enteroincretins, such as GLP-1 .
  • the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising, as an active ingredient, at least one compound as described herein together with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients.
  • such a pharmaceutical composition may be in unit dosage form, comprising from about 0.05 mg to about 1000 mg, preferably from about 0.1 mg to about 500 mg and especially preferred from about 0.5 mg to about 200 mg of the compound according to the present invention.
  • the invention provides the use of a compound according to the invention for increasing the activity of glucokinase.
  • the invention provides the use of a compound according to the invention for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of metabolic disorders, for blood glucose lowering, for the treatment of hyperglycemia, for the treatment of IGT, for the treatment of Syndrome X, for the treatment of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, for the treatment of type 1 diabetes, for delaying the progression of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) to type 2 diabetes, for delaying the progression of non-insulin requiring type 2 diabetes to insulin requiring type 2 diabetes, for the treatment of dyslipidemia, for the treatment of hyperlipidemia, for the treatment of hypertension, for lowering of food intake, for appetite regulation, for the treatment of obesity, for regulating feeding behaviour, or for en- hancing the secretion of enteroincretins.ln another aspect the invention provides the use of a compound according to the invention for the preparation of a medicament for the adjuvant treatment of
  • the invention provides the use of a compound according to the invention for the preparation of a medicament for increasing the number and/or the size of beta cells in a mammalian subject, for treatment of beta cell degeneration, in particular apoptosis of beta cells, or for treatment of functional dyspepsia, in particular irritable bowel syndrome.
  • the invention provides any of the above uses in a regimen which comprises treatment with a further antidiabetic agent.
  • the invention provides the use of a compound according to the invention or a pharmaceutical composition as described above for the treatment of metabolic disorders, for blood glucose lowering, for the treatment of hyperglycemia, for treatment of IGT, for treatment of Syndrome X, for the treatment of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), for treatment of type 2 diabetes,for treatment of type 1 diabetes, for delaying the progression of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) to type 2 diabetes, for delaying the progression of non-insulin requiring type 2 diabetes to insulin requiring type 2 diabetes, for treatment of dyslipidemia, for treatment of hyperlipidemia, for treatment of hypertension, for the treatment or prophylaxis of obesity, for lowering of food intake, for appetite regulation, for regulating feeding behaviour, or for enhancing the secretion of enteroincretins.
  • metabolic disorders for blood glucose lowering
  • hyperglycemia for treatment of IGT
  • Syndrome X for the treatment of impaired fasting glucose (IFG)
  • IGT impaired fasting glucose
  • type 2 diabetes for treatment of type 1 diabetes
  • IGT impaired glucose tolerance
  • the invention provides the use of a compound according to the invention or a pharmaceutical composition as described above for the adjuvant treatment of type 1 diabetes for preventing the onset of diabetic complications.
  • the invention provides the use of a compound according to the invention or a pharmaceutical composition as described above for increasing the number and/or the size of beta cells in a mammalian subject, for treatment of beta cell degeneration, in particular apoptosis of beta cells, or for treatment of functional dyspepsia, in particular irritable bowel syndrome.
  • the invention provides a for the treatment of a glucokinase-deficiency mediated condition/disease which is caused by a glucokinase mutation.
  • the invention provides a method wherein the glucokinase-deficiency mediated condition/disease is Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young, Neonatal Diabetes MeI- litus, or Persistent Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus.
  • the invention provides a method for preventing or ameliorating the development of diabetes in subjects exhibiting symptoms of Impaired Glucose Tolerance, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Cushings syndrome or Metabolic Syndrome comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
  • the invention provides a method for preventing or ameliorating microvascular diseases comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
  • the invention provides a method for preventing macrovascular diseases in subjects exhibiting symptoms of Impaired Glucose Tolerance, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, or Metabolic Syndrome, comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, alone or in combination with lipid-lowering drugs, wherein blood glucose normalization oc- curs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
  • the invention provides a method for the preservation of beta-cell mass and function comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glu- cose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
  • the invention provides a method for preventing amyloid beta peptide induced cell death comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glu- cose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
  • the invention provides a method wherein the subject is a veterinary subject.
  • the invention provides a method wherein a compound according to the invention is administered as a food additive.
  • the invention provides a method for the treatment of hepatic conditions benefiting from blood glucose normalization comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
  • the invention provides a method for the treatment of hepatic conditions benefiting from improved liver function comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
  • the invention provides a method for the treatment of hyperglycemic conditions that result from critical illness, or as a consequence of therapeutic intervention comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
  • the invention provides a method for the treatment of hepatic condi- tions that result from critical illness like cancer, or are a consequence of therapy, for example cancer therapy or HIV-treatment, comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
  • the invention provides a method of treatment adjuvant to insulin in insulin-requiring diabetes type 2, or as replacement for insulin comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
  • the invention provides a method for the treatment of lipodistrophy comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
  • the invention provides a method for the treatment of hyperglycemia resulting from severe physical stress without signs of liver failure comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
  • the invention provides a method wherein the severe physical stress is multiple trauma, or diabetic ketoacidosis.
  • the invention provides a method for preventing apoptotic liver dam- age comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
  • the invention provides a method for preventing hypoglycemia comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the in- vention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
  • the invention provides a method for increasing beta-cell mass and function comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound accord- ing to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
  • the invention provides a method of preventing type 1 diabetes comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the in- vention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
  • the invention provides a method of preserving and/or increasing beta-cell mass and function in patients having undergone pancreatic islet transplantation comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
  • the invention provides a method of improving glucose control during and after surgery comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
  • the invention provides a method of improving liver function and /or survival in patients undergoing liver transplantation comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
  • the invention provides a method wherein the administration occurs before, during or after transplantation, or any combination thereof.
  • the invention provides a method of obtaining blood glucose normali- zation comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
  • the invention provides a method of preventing or ameliorating dia- betic late complications comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
  • the invention provides a method of treating type 1 or 2 diabetes comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein the treatment does not result in a weight gain.
  • the invention provides a method of preventing diabetic ketoacidosis comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
  • the present compounds are administered in com- bination with one or more further active substances in any suitable ratios.
  • Such further active agents may be selected from antidiabetic agents, antihyperlipidemic agents, antiobesity agents, antihypertensive agents and agents for the treatment of complications resulting from or associated with diabetes.
  • Suitable antidiabetic agents include insulin, GLP-1 (glucagon like peptide-1 ) derivatives such as those disclosed in WO 98/08871 (Novo Nordisk A/S), which is incorporated herein by reference, as well as orally active hypoglycemic agents.
  • Suitable orally active hypoglycemic agents preferably include imidazolines, sulfonylureas, biguanides, meglitinides, oxadiazolidinediones, thiazolidinediones, insulin sensitizers, ⁇ - glucosidase inhibitors, agents acting on the ATP-dependent potassium channel of the pan- creatic ⁇ -cells eg potassium channel openers such as those disclosed in WO 97/26265, WO 99/03861 and WO 00/37474 (Novo Nordisk A/S) which are incorporated herein by reference, potassium channel openers, such as ormitiglinide, potassium channel blockers such as nateglinide or BTS-67582, glucagon antagonists such as those disclosed in WO 99/01423 and WO 00/39088 (Novo Nordisk A/S and Agouron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.), all of which are incorporated herein by reference, GLP-1 agonists such as those disclosed in
  • the present compounds are administered in combination with a sulphonylurea eg tolbutamide, chlorpropamide, tolazamide, glibencla- mide, glipizide, glimepiride, glicazide or glyburide.
  • a sulphonylurea eg tolbutamide, chlorpropamide, tolazamide, glibencla- mide, glipizide, glimepiride, glicazide or glyburide.
  • the present compounds are administered in combination with a biguanide eg metformin. In one embodiment of the present invention, the present compounds are administered in combination with a meglitinide eg repaglinide or senaglinide/nateglinide.
  • the present compounds are administered in combination with a thiazolidinedione insulin sensitizer eg troglitazone, ciglitazone, pioglita- zone, rosiglitazone, isaglitazone, darglitazone, englitazone, CS-011 /CI-1037 or T 174 or the compounds disclosed in WO 97/41097 (DRF-2344), WO 97/41119, WO 97/41120, WO 00/41121 and WO 98/45292 (Dr. Reddy's Research Foundation), which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • a thiazolidinedione insulin sensitizer eg troglitazone, ciglitazone, pioglita- zone, rosiglitazone, isaglitazone, darglitazone, englitazone, CS-011 /CI-1037 or T 174 or the compounds disclosed in WO 97/41097 (DRF-23
  • the present compounds may be administered in combination with an insulin sensitizer eg such as Gl 262570, YM-440, MCC-555, JTT-501 , AR-H039242, KRP-297, GW-409544, CRE-16336, AR-H049020, LY510929, MBX-102, CLX- 0940, GW-501516 or the compounds disclosed in WO 99/19313 (NN622/DRF-2725), WO 00/50414, WO 00/63191 , WO 00/63192, WO 00/63193 (Dr.
  • an insulin sensitizer eg such as Gl 262570, YM-440, MCC-555, JTT-501 , AR-H039242, KRP-297, GW-409544, CRE-16336, AR-H049020, LY510929, MBX-102, CLX- 0940, GW-501516 or the compounds disclosed in WO 99/19313 (NN622/
  • the present compounds are administered in combination with an ⁇ -glucosidase inhibitor eg voglibose, emiglitate, miglitol or acarbose.
  • the present compounds are administered in combination with a glycogen phosphorylase inhibitor eg the compounds described in WO 97/09040 (Novo Nordisk A/S).
  • the present compounds are administered in combination with an agent acting on the ATP-dependent potassium channel of the pancreatic ⁇ -cells eg tolbutamide, glibenclamide, glipizide, glicazide, BTS-67582 or repaglinide. In one embodiment of the present invention the present compounds are administered in combination with nateglinide.
  • an agent acting on the ATP-dependent potassium channel of the pancreatic ⁇ -cells eg tolbutamide, glibenclamide, glipizide, glicazide, BTS-67582 or repaglinide.
  • the present compounds are administered in combination with nateglinide.
  • the present compounds are administered in combination with an antihyperlipidemic agent or a antilipidemic agent eg cholestyramine, colestipol, clofibrate, gemfibrozil, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, probucol or dextrothy- roxine.
  • an antihyperlipidemic agent or a antilipidemic agent eg cholestyramine, colestipol, clofibrate, gemfibrozil, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, probucol or dextrothy- roxine.
  • the compounds according to the invention may be administered in combination with one or more antiobesity agents or appetite regulating agents.
  • agents may be selected from the group consisting of CART (cocaine amphetamine regulated transcript) agonists, NPY (neuropeptide Y) antagonists, MC3 (melanocortin 3) agonists, MC4 (melanocortin 4) agonists, orexin antagonists, TNF (tumor necrosis factor) agonists, CRF (corticotropin releasing factor) agonists, CRF BP (corticotropin releasing factor binding protein) antagonists, urocortin agonists, ⁇ 3 adrenergic agonists such as CL- 316243, AJ-9677, GW-0604, LY362884, LY377267 or AZ-40140, MSH (melanocyte- stimulating hormone) agonists, MCH (melanocyte-concentrating hormone) antagonists, CCK (cholecystokin
  • the antiobesity agent is leptin. In one embodiment of the present invention the antiobesity agent is a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor eg sibutramine. In one embodiment of the present invention the antiobesity agent is a lipase inhibitor eg orl- istat.
  • the antiobesity agent is an adrenergic CNS stimulating agent eg dexamphetamine, amphetamine, phentermine, mazindol phendi- metrazine, diethylpropion, fenfluramine or dexfenfluramine.
  • the present compounds may be administered in combination with one or more antihypertensive agents.
  • antihypertensive agents examples include ⁇ -blockers such as alpre- nolol, atenolol, timolol, pindolol, propranolol and metoprolol, ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitors such as benazepril, captopril, enalapril, fosinopril, lisinopril, quinapril and ramipril, calcium channel blockers such as nifedipine, felodipine, nicardipine, isradipine, ni- modipine, diltiazem and verapamil, and ⁇ -blockers such as doxazosin, urapidil, prazosin and terazosin.
  • ACE angiotensin converting enzyme
  • the present compounds are administered in combination with insulin, insulin derivatives or insulin analogues.
  • the insulin is an insulin derivative is selected from the group consisting of B29-N ⁇ -myristoyl-des(B30) human insulin, B29-N ⁇ -palmitoyl-des(B30) human insulin, B29-N ⁇ -myristoyl human insulin, B29-N ⁇ -palmitoyl human insulin, B28-N ⁇ - myristoyl Lys B28 Pro B29 human insulin, B28-N ⁇ -palmitoyl Lys B28 Pro B29 human insulin, B30-N ⁇ - myristoyl-Thr B29 l_ys B30 human insulin, B30-N ⁇ -palmitoyl-Thr B29 l_ys B30 human insulin, B29-N ⁇ - (N-palmitoyl- ⁇ -glutamyl)-des(B30) human insulin, B29-N ⁇ -(N-lithocholyl- ⁇ -glutamyl)-des(B30) human insulin, B29
  • the insulin is an acid-stabilised insulin.
  • the acid- stabilised insulin may be selected from analogues of human insulin having one of the following amino acid residue substitutions: A21 G A21 G, B28K, B29P A21 G, B28D A21 G, B28E A21 G, B3K, B29E A21 G, desB27 A21 G, B9E A21 G, B9D A21 G, B10E insulin.
  • the insulin is an insulin analogue.
  • the insulin analogue may be selected from the group consisting of
  • analogue is an analogue of human insulin wherein position B28 is Asp or Lys, and position B29 is Lys or Pro. In another embodiment the analogue is des(B30) human insulin.
  • the insulin analogue is an analogue of human insulin wherein position B28 is Asp. In another embodiment the analogue is an analogue wherein position B3 is Lys and position B29 is GIu or Asp.
  • the GLP-1 derivative to be employed in combination with a compound of the present invention refers to GLP-1 (1 -37), exendin-4(1 -39), insulinotropic frag- ments thereof, insulinotropic analogues thereof and insulinotropic derivatives thereof.
  • Insulinotropic fragments of GLP-1 (1 -37) are insulinotropic peptides for which the entire sequence can be found in the sequence of GLP-1 (1 -37) and where at least one terminal amino acid has been deleted.
  • insulinotropic fragments of GLP-1 (1 -37) are GLP-1 (7-37) wherein the amino acid residues in positions 1 -6 of GLP-1 (1 -37) have been deleted, and GLP-1 (7-36) where the amino acid residues in position 1 -6 and 37 of GLP-1 (1 -37) have been deleted.
  • insulinotropic fragments of exendin-4(1 -39) are exendin-4(1 -38) and exendin-4(1 -31 ).
  • the insulinotropic property of a compound may be determined by in vivo or in vitro assays well known in the art. For instance, the compound may be administered to an animal and monitoring the insulin concentration over time.
  • Insulinotropic analogues of GLP- 1 (1 -37) and exendin-4(1 -39) refer to the respective molecules wherein one or more of the amino acids residues have been exchanged with other amino acid residues and/or from which one or more amino acid residues have been deleted and/or from which one or more amino acid residues have been added with the proviso that said analogue either is insulinotropic or is a prodrug of an insulinotropic compound .
  • insulinotropic analogues of GLP-1 (1 -37) are e.g.
  • An example of an insulinotropic analogue of exendin-4(1 -39) is Ser 2 Asp 3 -exendin-4(1 -39) wherein the amino acid residues in position 2 and 3 have been replaced with serine and aspartic acid, respectively (this particular analogue also being known in the art as exendin-3).
  • Insulinotropic derivatives of GLP-1 (1 - 37), exendin-4(1 -39) and analogues thereof are what the person skilled in the art considers to be derivatives of these peptides, i.e. having at least one substituent which is not present in the parent peptide molecule with the proviso that said derivative either is insulinotropic or is a prodrug of an insulinotropic compound.
  • substituents are amides, carbohydrates, alkyl groups and lipophilic substituents.
  • insulinotropic derivatives of GLP-1 (1 - 37), exendin-4(1 -39) and analogues thereof are GLP-1 (7-36)-amide, Arg 34 , Lys 26 (N ⁇ -( ⁇ - Glu(N ⁇ -hexadecanoyl)))-GLP-1 (7-37) and Tyr 31 -exendin-4(1 -31 )-amide.
  • GLP-1 (1 -37), exendin-4(1 -39), insulinotropic fragments thereof, insulinotropic analogues thereof and insulinotropic derivatives thereof are described in WO 98/08871 , WO 99/43706, US 5424286 and WO 00/09666.
  • the present compounds are administered in combination with more than one of the above-mentioned compounds e.g. in combination with metformin and a sulphonylurea such as glyburide; a sulphonylurea and acarbose; nateglinide and metformin; acarbose and metformin; a sulfonylurea, metformin and troglitazone; insulin and a sulfonylurea; insulin and metformin; insulin, metformin and a sulfonylurea; insulin and troglitazone; insulin and lovastatin; etc.
  • metformin and a sulphonylurea such as glyburide
  • a sulphonylurea and acarbose such as glyburide
  • a sulphonylurea and acarbose such as glyburide
  • the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention comprises e.g.
  • a compound of the invention in combi- nation with metformin and a sulphonylurea such as glyburide a compound of the invention in combination with a sulphonylurea and acarbose; nateglinide and metformin; acarbose and metformin; a sulfonylurea, metformin and troglitazone; insulin and a sulfonylurea; insulin and metformin; insulin, metformin and a sulfonylurea; insulin and troglitazone; insulin and lovastatin; etc.
  • the compounds of the present invention may be administered alone or in combination with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients, in either single or multiple doses.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention may be formulated with pharmaceu- tically acceptable carriers or diluents as well as any other known adjuvants and excipients in accordance with conventional techniques such as those disclosed in Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 19 th Edition, Gennaro, Ed., Mack Publishing Co., Easton, PA, 1995.
  • compositions may be specifically formulated for administration by any suitable route such as the oral, rectal, nasal, pulmonary, topical (including buccal and sublingual), transdermal, intracisternal, intraperitoneal, vaginal and parenteral (including subcutaneous, intramuscular, intrathecal, intravenous and intradermal) route, the oral route being preferred. It will be appreciated that the preferred route will depend on the general condition and age of the subject to be treated, the nature of the condition to be treated and the active ingredient chosen.
  • compositions for oral administration include solid dosage forms such as hard or soft capsules, tablets, troches, dragees, pills, lozenges, powders and granules. Where ap- intestinalte, they can be prepared with coatings such as enteric coatings or they can be formulated so as to provide controlled release of the active ingredient such as sustained or prolonged release according to methods well known in the art.
  • Liquid dosage forms for oral administration include solutions, emulsions, aqueous or oily suspensions, syrups and elixirs.
  • Pharmaceutical compositions for parenteral administration include sterile aqueous and nonaqueous injectable solutions, dispersions, suspensions or emulsions as well as sterile powders to be reconstituted in sterile injectable solutions or dispersions prior to use. Depot injectable formulations are also contemplated as being within the scope of the present invention.
  • Other suitable administration forms include suppositories, sprays, ointments, cremes, gels, inhalants, dermal patches, implants etc.
  • a typical oral dosage is in the range of from about 0.001 to about 100 mg/kg body weight per day, preferably from about 0.01 to about 50 mg/kg body weight per day, and more preferred from about 0.05 to about 10 mg/kg body weight per day administered in one or more dos- ages such as 1 to 3 dosages.
  • the exact dosage will depend upon the frequency and mode of administration, the sex, age, weight and general condition of the subject treated, the nature and severity of the condition treated and any concomitant diseases to be treated and other factors evident to those skilled in the art.
  • the formulations may conveniently be presented in unit dosage form by methods known to those skilled in the art.
  • a typical unit dosage form for oral administration one or more times per day such as 1 to 3 times per day may contain from 0.05 to about 1000 mg, preferably from about 0.1 to about 500 mg, and more preferred from about 0.5 mg to about 200 mg.
  • parenteral routes such as intravenous, intrathecal, intramuscular and similar administration, typically doses are in the order of about half the dose employed for oral administration.
  • the compounds of this invention are generally utilized as the free substance or as a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Examples are an acid addition salt of a compound having the utility of a free base and a base addition salt of a compound having the utility of a free acid.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts refers to non-toxic salts of the compounds of this invention which are generally prepared by reacting the free base with a suitable or- ganic or inorganic acid or by reacting the acid with a suitable organic or inorganic base.
  • a compound according to the present invention contains a free base such salts are prepared in a conventional manner by treating a solution or suspension of the compound with a chemical equivalent of a pharmaceutically acceptable acid.
  • a compound according to the present invention contains a free acid such salts are prepared in a conventional manner by treating a solution or suspension of the compound with a chemical equivalent of a pharmaceutically acceptable base.
  • Physiologically acceptable salts of a compound with a hydroxy group include the anion of said compound in combination with a suitable cation such as sodium or ammonium ion.
  • a suitable cation such as sodium or ammonium ion.
  • Other salts which are not pharmaceutically acceptable may be useful in the preparation of compounds of the present invention and these form a further as- pect of the present invention.
  • solutions of the novel compounds of the formula (I) in sterile aqueous solution, aqueous propylene glycol or sesame or peanut oil may be employed.
  • aqueous solutions should be suitably buffered if necessary and the liquid diluent first rendered isotonic with sufficient saline or glucose.
  • the aqueous solutions are particularly suit- able for intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous and intraperitoneal administration.
  • the sterile aqueous media employed are all readily available by standard techniques known to those skilled in the art.
  • Suitable pharmaceutical carriers include inert solid diluents or fillers, sterile aqueous solution and various organic solvents.
  • solid carriers are lactose, terra alba, sucrose, cyclodextrin, talc, gelatine, agar, pectin, acacia, magnesium stearate, stearic acid and lower alkyl ethers of cellulose.
  • liquid carriers are syrup, peanut oil, olive oil, phospholipids, fatty acids, fatty acid amines, polyoxyethylene and water.
  • the carrier or diluent may include any sustained release material known in the art, such as glyceryl mono- stearate or glyceryl distearate, alone or mixed with a wax.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions formed by combining the novel compounds of the present invention and the pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are then readily administered in a variety of dosage forms suitable for the disclosed routes of administration.
  • the formulations may conveniently be presented in unit dosage form by methods known in the art of pharmacy.
  • Formulations of the present invention suitable for oral administration may be presented as discrete units such as capsules or tablets, each containing a predetermined amount of the active ingredient, and which may include a suitable excipient.
  • compositions intended for oral use may be prepared according to any known method, and such compositions may contain one or more agents selected from the group consisting of sweetening agents, flavoring agents, coloring agents, and preserving agents in order to provide pharmaceutically elegant and palatable preparations.
  • Tablets may contain the active ingredient in admixture with non-toxic pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients which are suitable for the manufacture of tablets.
  • excipients may be for example, inert diluents, such as calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, lactose, calcium phosphate or sodium phosphate; granulating and disintegrating agents, for example corn starch or alginic acid; binding agents, for example, starch, gelatin or acacia; and lubricating agents, for example magnesium stearate, stearic acid or talc.
  • the tablets may be uncoated or they may be coated by known techniques to delay disintegration and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and thereby provide a sustained action over a longer period.
  • a time delay material such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate may be employed.
  • Formulations for oral use may also be presented as hard gelatin capsules where the active ingredient is mixed with an inert solid diluent, for example, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or kaolin, or a soft gelatin capsules wherein the active ingredient is mixed with water or an oil medium, for example peanut oil, liquid paraffin, or olive oil.
  • an inert solid diluent for example, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or kaolin
  • an oil medium for example peanut oil, liquid paraffin, or olive oil.
  • Aqueous suspensions may contain the active compounds in admixture with excipients suitable for the manufacture of aqueous suspensions.
  • excipients are suspending agents, for example sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, sodium alginate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, gum tragacanth and gum acacia; dispersing or wetting agents may be a naturally-occurring phosphatide such as lecithin, or condensation products of an alkylene oxide with fatty acids, for example polyoxyethylene stearate, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with long chain aliphatic alcohols, for example, heptadecaethyl- eneoxycetanol, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and a hexitol such as polyoxyethylene sorbitol monooleate, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides, for example polyethylene
  • Oily suspensions may be formulated by suspending the active ingredient in a vegetable oil, for example arachis oil, olive oil, sesame oil or coconut oil, or in a mineral oil such as a liquid paraffin.
  • the oily suspensions may contain a thickening agent, for example beeswax, hard paraffin or cetyl alchol. Sweetening agents such as those set forth above, and flavoring agents may be added to provide a palatable oral preparation. These compositions may be preserved by the addition of an anti-oxidant such as ascorbic acid.
  • Dispersible powders and granules suitable for preparation of an aqueous suspension by the addition of water provide the active compound in admixture with a dispersing or wetting agent, suspending agent and one or more preservatives. Suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents are exemplified by those already mentioned above. Additional excipients, for example, sweetening, flavoring, and coloring agents may also be present.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may also be in the form of oil-in- water emulsions.
  • the oily phase may be a vegetable oil, for example, olive oil or arachis oil, or a mineral oil, for example a liquid paraffin, or a mixture thereof.
  • Suitable emulsifying agents may be naturally-occurring gums, for example gum acacia or gum tragacanth, naturally-occurring phosphatides, for example soy bean, lecithin, and esters or partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides, for example sorbitan monooleate, and condensation products of said partial esters with ethylene oxide, for example polyoxyethylene sorbi- tan monooleate.
  • the emulsions may also contain sweetening and flavoring agents.
  • Syrups and elixirs may be formulated with sweetening agents, for example glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol or sucrose. Such formulations may also contain a demulcent, a preservative and flavoring and coloring agents.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions may be in the form of a sterile injectible aqueous or oleaginous suspension. This suspension may be formulated according to the known methods using suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents described above.
  • the sterile injectable preparation may also be a sterile injectable solution or suspension in a non-toxic parenterally-acceptable diluent or solvent, for example as a solution in 1 ,3-butanediol.
  • compositions may also be in the form of suppositories for rectal administration of the compounds of the present invention.
  • suitable non-irritating excipient which is solid at ordinary temperatures but liquid at the rectal temperature and will thus melt in the rectum to release the drug.
  • Such materials include cocoa butter and polyethylene glycols, for example.
  • creams, ointments, jellies, solutions of suspensions, etc., containing the compounds of the present invention are contemplated.
  • topical applications shall include mouth washes and gargles.
  • the compounds of the present invention may also be administered in the form of liposome delivery systems, such as small unilamellar vesicles, large unilamellar vesicles, and multilamellar vesicles.
  • Liposomes may be formed from a variety of phospholipids, such as cholesterol, stearylamine, or phosphatidylcholines.
  • some of the compounds of the present invention may form solvates with water or common organic solvents. Such solvates are also encompassed within the scope of the present invention.
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or prodrug therof, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients, or diluents.
  • the preparation may be tabletted, placed in a hard gelatine capsule in powder or pellet form or it can be in the form of a troche or lozenge.
  • the amount of solid carrier will vary widely but will usually be from about 25 mg to about 1 g.
  • the preparation may be in the form of a syrup, emulsion, soft gelatine capsule or sterile injectable liquid such as an aqueous or non-aqueous liquid suspension or solution.
  • a typical tablet that may be prepared by conventional tabletting techniques may contain: Core: Active compound (as free compound or salt thereof) 5.0 mg
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may comprise a compound according to the present invention in combination with further active substances such as those described in the foregoing.
  • the present invention also provides a method for the synthesis of compounds useful as intermediates in the preparation of compounds of formula (I) along with methods for the preparation of compounds of formula (I).
  • the compounds can be prepared readily according to the following reaction Schemes (in which all variables are as defined before, unless so specified) using readily available starting materials, reagents and conventional synthesis procedures. In these reactions, it is also possible to make use of variants which are themselves known to those of ordinary skill in this art, but are not mentioned in greater detail.
  • Glucokinase Activity Assay (I) Glucokinase activity is assayed spectrometrically coupled to glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase to determine compound activation of glucokinase.
  • the final assay contains 50 mM Hepes, pH 7.1 , 50 mM KCI, 5 mM MgCI 2 , 2 mM dithiothreitol, 0.6 mM NADP, 1 mM ATP, 0.195 ⁇ M G-6-P dehydrogenase (from Roche, 127 671 ), 15 nM recombinant human glucokinase.
  • the glucokinase is human liver glucokinase N-terminally truncated with an N- terminal His-tag ((HiS) 8 -VEQILA Q466) and is expressed in E.coli as a soluble protein with enzymatic activity comparable to liver extracted GK.
  • the purification of His-tagged human glucokinase was performed as follows: The cell pellet from 50 ml E. coli culture was resuspended in 5 ml extraction buffer A (25 mM HEPES, pH 8.0, 1 mM MgCI 2 , 150 mM NaCI, 2 mM mercaptoethanol) with addition of 0.25 mg/ml Iy- sozyme and 50 ⁇ g/ml sodium azide. After 5 minutes at room temperature 5 ml of extraction buffer B (1 .5 M NaCI, 100 mM CaCI 2 , 100 mM MgCI 2 , 0.02 mg/ml DNase 1 , protease inhibitor tablet (Complete® 1697498): 1 tablet pr.
  • extraction buffer A 25 mM HEPES, pH 8.0, 1 mM MgCI 2 , 150 mM NaCI, 2 mM mercaptoethanol
  • hGK containing fractions are loaded onto a Superdex 75 (16/60) gelfiltration column and eluted with Buffer B (25 mM HEPES, pH 8.0, 1 mM MgCI 2 , 150 mM NaCI, 1 mM Dithiothreitol).
  • Buffer B 25 mM HEPES, pH 8.0, 1 mM MgCI 2 , 150 mM NaCI, 1 mM Dithiothreitol.
  • the purified hGK is examined by SDS-gel electrophoresis and MALDI mass spectrometry and finally 20% glycerol is added before freezing.
  • the yield from 50 ml E. coli culture is generally approximately 2-3 mg hGK with a purity >90%.
  • the compound to be tested is added into the well in final 2.5% DMSO concentration in an amount sufficient to give a desired concentration of compound, for instance 1 , 5, 10, 25 or 50 ⁇ M.
  • the reaction starts after glucose is added to a final concentration of 2, 5, 10 or 15 mM.
  • the assay uses a 96-well UV plate and the final assay volume used is 200 ⁇ l/well.
  • the plate is incubated at 25 0 C for 5 min and kinetics is measured at 340 nm in SpectraMax every 30 seconds for 5 minutes.
  • Results for each compound are expressed as the fold activation of the glucokinase activity compared to the activation of the glucokinase enzyme in an assay without compound after having been subtracted from a "blank", which is without glucokinase enzyme and without compound.
  • the compounds in each of the Examples exhibits activation of glucokinase in this assay.
  • a compound, which at a concentration of at or below 30 ⁇ M gives 1 .5 - fold higher glucokinase activity than the result from the assay without compound, is deemed to be an activator of glucokinase.
  • the glucose sensitivity of the compounds are measured at a compound concentration of 10 ⁇ M and at glucose concentrations of 5 and 15 mM.
  • Hepatocytes are isolated from rats fed ad libitum by a two-step perfusion technique. Cell vi- ability, assessed by trypan blue exclusion, is consistently greater than 80%. Cells are plated onto collagen-coated 96-well plates in basal medium (Medium 199 (5.5 mM glucose) supplemented with 0.1 ⁇ M dexamethasone, 100 units/ml penicillin, 100 mg/ml streptomycin, 2 mM L-glutamine and 1 nM insulin) with 4 % FCS at a cell density of 30,000 cells/well. The medium is replaced with basal medium 1 hour after initial plating in order to remove dead cells.
  • basal medium Medium 199 (5.5 mM glucose) supplemented with 0.1 ⁇ M dexamethasone, 100 units/ml penicillin, 100 mg/ml streptomycin, 2 mM L-glutamine and 1 nM insulin
  • hepatocytes are washed twice with prewarmed (37 0 C) buffer A (117.6 mM NaCI, 5.4 mM KCI, 0.82 mM Mg 2 SO 4 , 1 .5 mM KH 2 PO 4 , 20 mM HEPES, 9 mM NaHCO 3 , 0.1% w/v HSA, and 2.25 mM CaCI 2 , pH 7.4 at 37 0 C) and incubated in 100 ⁇ l buffer A con- taining 15 mM glucose and increasing concentrations of the test compound, such as for instance 1 , 5, 10, 25, 50 or 100 ⁇ M, for 180 minutes.
  • buffer A 117.6 mM NaCI, 5.4 mM KCI, 0.82 mM Mg 2 SO 4 , 1 .5 mM KH 2 PO 4 , 20 mM HEPES, 9 mM NaHCO 3 , 0.1% w/v HSA, and 2.25 mM CaCI 2 , pH 7.
  • Glycogen content is measured using standard procedures(Agius, L.et al, Biochem J. 266, 91 -102 (1990). A compound, which when used in this assay gives an significant increase in glycogen content compared to the result from the assay without compound, is deemed to have activity in this assay.
  • ml_ milliliter(s)
  • HPLC-MS high pressure liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry
  • BuOK Potassium tert-butoxide
  • Boc terf-Butyloxcarbonyl
  • CDI carbonyldiimidazole
  • DHOBt 3,4-Dihydro-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-1 ,2,3-benzotriazine
  • DIPEA ⁇ /, ⁇ /-diisopropylethylamine
  • DMAP 4-( ⁇ /, ⁇ /-dimethylamino)pyridine
  • DMF ⁇ /, ⁇ /-dimethylformamide
  • DMPU ⁇ /, ⁇ /'-dimethylpropyleneurea, 1 ,3-dimethyl-2-oxohexahydropyrimidine
  • EDAC 1 -(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride
  • HMPA hexamethylphosphoric acid triamide
  • HOAt 7-Aza-1 -Hydroxybenzotriazole
  • LAH, (LiAIH 4 ) Lithiumaluminium hydride
  • NMP ⁇ /-methylpyrrolidin-2-one
  • Hewlett Packard series 1100 MSD Sedere 75 Evaporative Light Scattering detector The instrument is controlled by HP Chemstation software.
  • the HPLC pump is connected to two eluent reservoirs containing: A: 0.01 % TFA in water
  • the analysis is performed at 40 0 C by injecting an appropriate volume of the sample (preferably 1 ⁇ l) onto the column which is eluted with a gradient of acetonitrile.
  • an appropriate volume of the sample preferably 1 ⁇ l
  • the HPLC conditions, detector settings and mass spectrometer settings used are given in the following table.
  • HPLC method 1 The RP-purification was performed on a Gilson system (3 Gilson 306 pumps, Gilson 170 DAD detector and a Gilson 215 liquidhandler) using a Waters X-terra RP (10 ⁇ m, 30 mm x 150 mm) with gradient elution, 5 % to 95 % solvent B (0.05 % TFA in acetonitrile) in solvent A (0.05 % TFA in water) within 15 min, 40 mL/min, detection at 210 nm, temperature rt.
  • the pooled fractions are either evaporated to dryness in vacuo, or evaporated in vacuo until the acetonitrile is removed, and then frozen and freeze dried.
  • HPLC-MS method 2 The pooled fractions are either evaporated to dryness in vacuo, or evaporated in vacuo until the acetonitrile is removed, and then frozen and freeze dried.
  • the RP-analysis was performed on an Agilent HPLC system (1100 degasser, 1100 pump, 1 100 injector and a 1 100 DAD) fitted with an Agilent MS detector system Model SL (MW 0- 3000) and a S.E.D.E.R.E Model Sedex 75 ELS detector system using a Waters X-terra MS C18 column (5 ⁇ m, 3.0 mm x 50 mm) with gradient elution, 5 % to 100 % solvent B (0.05 % TFA in acetonitrile) in solvent A (0.05 % TFA in water) within 6.75 min, 1.5 mL/min, temperature 25 0 C.
  • the aminoheterocycle (NH 2 A) (III) wherein A is as defined for formula (I), can be converted using standard literature procedures (for example WO 2004/002481 ) to an acyl imidazonium intermediate with carbonyl diimidazole (CDI) or an equivalent of this in a solvent such as di- chloromethane, dichloroethane, tetrahydrofuran, or DMF.
  • CDI carbonyl diimidazole
  • R 1 R 2 NH (II) wherein R 1 and R 2 are as defined above, gives the compound of formula (Ia).
  • the aminohet- erocycle (NH 2 A) or secondary amine (R 1 R 2 NH) can be either commercially available compounds or compounds that can be prepared following procedures described in the literature or prepared as described in the relevant example and general procedures.
  • R 1 , R 2 and A it might be more convenient to generate the final substituents on R 1 , R 2 and A after the urea formation.
  • the substituent on A in formula (Ia) contains an ester functionality this can be hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acid using standard conditions for hydrolysis of esters.
  • Suitable bases for the hydrolysis are NaOH and LiOH or equivalents of these in solvents like dioxane, THF, EtOH, MeOH and water or mixtures of these.
  • the reactions can be performed at room temperature or at elevated temperatures.
  • the primary amine, ketone and aldehyde can be either commercially available compounds or compounds that can be prepared following procedures described in the literature or prepared as described in the relevant example and general procedures.
  • the carbonyl group of 4-oxo-cyclohexanone carboxylic acid methyl ester can be protected as a ketal by reaction with ethylene glycol in benzene with azeotropic removal of water.
  • the ester group can then be reduced with lithium aluminium hydride in a suitable solvent such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran.
  • the alcohol can be alkylated using sodium hydride and a suitable alkyl halide (R-X, wherein R is a an appropriate radical) in a solvent such as tetrahydrofuran or DMF, or it can be converted to an aryl- or heteroaryl-ether under Mitsunobu conditions (Mitsunobu, 1981 , 1 , 1 -28).
  • Ketal deprotection of the product of formula Insulin Receptor Antagonist under standard acidic conditions gives a ketone which can be converted to the corresponding oxime upon treatment with hydroxylamine and a suitable base (for example sodium acetate). Reduction of the oxime using sodium in ethanol affords the frans-amine as the major isomer, which, if necessary can be purified by recrystallisation of the corresponding HCI salt.
  • a suitable base for example sodium acetate
  • N-Boc protected c/s-4-hydroxycyclohexylamine (prepared as described in WO 2005/019222) can be converted to in example the corresponding frans-trifluoroethoxy or appropriate ary- loxy-cyclohexylamines under Mitsunobu conditions e.g. PBu 3 /ADDP or DEAD/PPh 3 and subsequent N-deprotection in TFA/DCM.
  • 2-(frans-4-Hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione can be alkylated with an alkylating agent R-halides or an equivalent of this using a base such as NaH, potassium terf-butoxid, DBU or the like in a solvent like DMF, NMP, DMSO, THF at temperatures from -10 to 120 0 C.
  • a base such as NaH, potassium terf-butoxid, DBU or the like in a solvent like DMF, NMP, DMSO, THF at temperatures from -10 to 120 0 C.
  • Deprotection of in example frans-4-alkoxy- cyclohexyl-isoindole-1 ,3-dione can be achieve using hydrazine in ethanol at room temperature or at elevated temperatures.
  • Alkylation of the frans-alkoxy-cyclohexylamine can be achieved using reductive amination with an appropriate ketone and a reducing agent such as sodium cyoanoborohydride or an equivalent of this.
  • the reaction can be performed in sol- vents like THF, EtOH or MeOH or mixtures of these, using a dehydrating agent such as molecular sieves or MgSO 4 , or in the presence of acetic acid.
  • the reaction can be performed at temperatures from -10 to 120 0 C.
  • a 4-substituted cyclohexanone (wherein the substituent R is an appropriate radical) can be converted to the corresponding oxime upon treatment with hydroxylamine hydrochloride and a suitable base such as sodium acetate in a solvent mixture such as water/MeOH at elevated temperature.
  • a suitable base such as sodium acetate in a solvent mixture such as water/MeOH at elevated temperature.
  • Reduction of the oxime using sodium in ethanol at elevated temperatures affords in example the frans-4-alkyl/aryl-cyclohexylamine as the major isomer, which, if necessary can be purified by recrystallisation of the corresponding HCI salt.
  • N-Boc-piperidin-4-one (10 g) in a mixture of methanol (50 ml) and tetrahydrofuran (50 ml) is added an equimolar amount of a cycloalkylamine (4.5 g) at room temperature.
  • Sodium cyanoborohydride (6.3 g, 2eq) is added and the reaction stirred at room temperature over- night.
  • the crude product is filtered through celite, concentrated in vacuo, redis- solved/suspended in ether, stirred for 1 h, and decanted.

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Abstract

Dicycloalkyl urea glucokinase activators compounds are glucokinase inhibitors useful for the treatment of diabetes. (I)

Description

DICYCLOALKYL UREA GLUCOKINASE ACTIVATORS
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This application relates to novel dicycloalkyl urea glucokinase activators and their use in treatment in assorted diseases.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Glucokinase (GK) is one of four hexokinases that are found in mammals [Colowick, S. P., in The Enzymes, Vol. 9 (P. Boyer, ed.) Academic Press, New York, N. Y., pages 1 -48, 1973]. The hexokinases catalyze the first step in the metabolism of glucose, i.e., the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. Glucokinase has a limited cellular distribution, being found principally in pancreatic β-cells and liver parenchymal cells. In addition, GK is a rate- controlling enzyme for glucose metabolism in these two cell types that are known to play critical roles in whole-body glucose homeostasis [Chipkin, S. R., Kelly, K. L., and Ruderman, N. B. in Joslin's Diabetes (C. R. Khan and G. C. Wier, eds.), Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, Pa., pages 97-115, 1994]. The concentration of glucose at which GK demonstrates half- maximal activity is approximately 8 mM. The other three hexokinases are saturated with glucose at much lower concentrations (<1 mM). Therefore, the flux of glucose through the GK pathway rises as the concentration of glucose in the blood increases from fasting (5 mM) to postprandial («10-15 mM) levels following a carbohydrate-containing meal [Printz, R. G., Magnuson, M. A., and Granner, D. K. in Ann. Rev. Nutrition Vol. 13 (R. E. Olson, D. M. Bier, and D. B. McCormick, eds.), Annual Review, Inc., Palo Alto, Calif., pages 463-496, 1993]. These findings contributed over a decade ago to the hypothesis that GK functions as a glu- cose sensor in β-cells and hepatocytes (Meglasson, M. D. and Matschinsky, F. M. Amer. J. Physiol. 246, E1 -E13, 1984). In recent years, studies in transgenic animals have confirmed that GK does indeed play a critical role in whole-body glucose homeostasis. Animals that do not express GK die within days of birth with severe diabetes while animals overexpressing GK have improved glucose tolerance (Grupe, A., Hultgren, B., Ryan, A. et al., Cell 83, 69-78, 1995; Ferrie, T., Riu, E., Bosch, F. et al., FASEB J., 10, 1213-1218, 1996). An increase in glucose exposure is coupled through GK in β-cells to increased insulin secretion and in hepatocytes to increased glycogen deposition and perhaps decreased glucose production. The finding that type Il maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY-2) is caused by loss of function mutations in the GK gene suggests that GK also functions as a glucose sensor in humans (Liang, Y., Kesavan, P., Wang, L et al., Biochem. J. 309, 167-173, 1995). Additional evidence supporting an important role for GK in the regulation of glucose metabolism in hu- mans was provided by the identification of patients that express a mutant form of GK with increased enzymatic activity. These patients exhibit a fasting hypoglycemia associated with an inappropriately elevated level of plasma insulin (Glaser, B., Kesavan, P., Heyman, M. et al., New England J. Med. 338, 226-230, 1998). While mutations of the GK gene are not found in the majority of patients with type 2 diabetes, compounds that activate GK and, thereby, increase the sensitivity of the GK sensor system will still be useful in the treatment of the hyperglycemia characteristic of all type 2 diabetes. Glucokinase activators will increase the flux of glucose metabolism in β-cells and hepatocytes, which will be coupled to increased insulin secretion. Such agents would be useful for treating type Il diabetes. Several GK activators are known, see, for example, US 2004/0014968 (Hofmann-La Roche Inc.), WO 2003/055482 (Novo Nordisk A/S) and WO 2004/002481 (Novo Nordisk A/S).
Diabetes is characterised by an impaired glucose metabolism manifesting itself among other things by an elevated blood glucose level in the diabetic patients. Underlying defects lead to a classification of diabetes into two major groups: Type 1 diabetes, or insulin demanding diabetes mellitus (IDDM), which arises when patients lack β-cells producing insulin in their pan- creatic glands, and type 2 diabetes, or non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), which occurs in patients with an impaired β-cell function besides a range of other abnormalities.
Type 1 diabetic patients are currently treated with insulin, while the majority of type 2 diabetic patients are treated either with sulphonylureas that stimulate β-cell function or with agents that enhance the tissue sensitivity of the patients towards insulin or with insulin. Among the agents applied to enhance tissue sensitivity towards insulin metformin is a representative example.
Even though sulphonylureas are widely used in the treatment of NIDDM this therapy is, in most instances, not satisfactory: In a large number of NIDDM patients sulphonylureas do not suffice to normalise blood sugar levels and the patients are, therefore, at high risk for acquiring diabetic complications. Also, many patients gradually lose the ability to respond to treatment with sulphonylureas and are thus gradually forced into insulin treatment. This shift of patients from oral hypoglycaemic agents to insulin therapy is usually ascribed to exhaustion of the β-cells in NIDDM patients. In normal subjects as well as in diabetic subjects, the liver produces glucose in order to avoid hypoglycaemia. This glucose production is derived either from the release of glucose from glycogen stores or from gluconeogenesis, which is a de novo intracellular synthesis of glucose. In type 2 diabetes, however, the regulation of hepatic glucose output is poorly con- trolled and is increased, and may be doubled after an overnight fast. Moreover, in these patients there exists a strong correlation between the increased fasting plasma glucose levels and the rate of hepatic glucose production. Similarly, hepatic glucose production will be increased in type 1 diabetes, if the disease is not properly controlled by insulin treatment. Since existing forms of therapy of diabetes does not lead to sufficient glycaemic control and therefore are unsatisfactory, there is a great demand for novel therapeutic approaches.
Atherosclerosis, a disease of the arteries, is recognized to be the leading cause of death in the United States and Western Europe. The pathological sequence leading to atherosclerosis and occlusive heart disease is well known. The earliest stage in this sequence is the for- mation of "fatty streaks" in the carotid, coronary and cerebral arteries and in the aorta. These lesions are yellow in colour due to the presence of lipid deposits found principally within smooth-muscle cells and in macrophages of the intima layer of the arteries and aorta. Further, it is postulated that most of the cholesterol found within the fatty streaks, in turn, give rise to development of the "fibrous plaque", which consists of accumulated intimal smooth muscle cells laden with lipid and surrounded by extra-cellular lipid, collagen, elastin and proteoglycans. The cells plus matrix form a fibrous cap that covers a deeper deposit of cell debris and more extracellular lipid. The lipid is primarily free and esterified cholesterol. The fibrous plaque forms slowly, and is likely in time to become calcified and necrotic, advancing to the "complicated lesion" which accounts for the arterial occlusion and tendency toward mural thrombosis and arterial muscle spasm that characterize advanced atherosclerosis. Epidemiological evidence has firmly established hyperlipidemia as a primary risk factor in causing cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to atherosclerosis. In recent years, leaders of the medical profession have placed renewed emphasis on lowering plasma cholesterol levels, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in particular, as an essential step in prevention of CVD. The upper limits of "normal" are now known to be significantly lower than heretofore appreciated. As a result, large segments of Western populations are now realized to be at particular high risk. Independent risk factors include glucose intolerance, left ventricular hypertrophy, hypertension, and being of the male sex. Cardiovascular disease is especially prevalent among diabetic subjects, at least in part because of the existence of multiple inde- pendent risk factors in this population. Successful treatment of hyperlipidemia in the general population, and in diabetic subjects in particular, is therefore of exceptional medical importance.
Hypertension (or high blood pressure) is a condition, which occurs in the human population as a secondary symptom to various other disorders such as renal artery stenosis, pheo- chromocytoma, or endocrine disorders. However, hypertension is also evidenced in many patients in whom the causative agent or disorder is unknown. While such "essential" hypertension is often associated with disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertriglyceridemia, the relationship between these disorders has not been elucidated. Additionally, many patients display the symptoms of high blood pressure in the complete absence of any other signs of disease or disorder.
It is known that hypertension can directly lead to heart failure, renal failure, and stroke (brain haemorrhaging). These conditions are capable of causing short-term death in a patient. Hypertension can also contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and coronary disease. These conditions gradually weaken a patient and can lead to long-term death. The exact cause of essential hypertension is unknown, though a number of factors are believed to contribute to the onset of the disease. Among such factors are stress, uncontrolled emotions, unregulated hormone release (the renin, angiotensin aldosterone system), excessive salt and water due to kidney malfunction, wall thickening and hypertrophy of the vasculature resulting in constricted blood vessels and genetic factors. The treatment of essential hypertension has been undertaken bearing the foregoing factors in mind. Thus a broad range of beta-blockers, vasoconstrictors, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and the like have been developed and marketed as antihypertensives. The treatment of hypertension utilizing these compounds has proven beneficial in the prevention of short-interval deaths such as heart failure, renal failure, and brain haemorrhaging. How- ever, the development of atherosclerosis or heart disease due to hypertension over a long period of time remains a problem. This implies that although high blood pressure is being reduced, the underlying cause of essential hypertension is not responding to this treatment. Hypertension has been associated with elevated blood insulin levels, a condition known as hyperinsulinemia. Insulin, a peptide hormone whose primary actions are to promote glucose utilization, protein synthesis and the formation and storage of neutral lipids, also acts to promote vascular cell growth and increase renal sodium retention, among other things. These latter functions can be accomplished without affecting glucose levels and are known causes of hypertension. Peripheral vasculature growth, for example, can cause constriction of peripheral capillaries, while sodium retention increases blood volume. Thus, the lowering of in- sulin levels in hyperinsulinemics can prevent abnormal vascular growth and renal sodium retention caused by high insulin levels and thereby alleviates hypertension. Cardiac hypertrophy is a significant risk factor in the development of sudden death, myocardial infarction, and congestive heart failure. Theses cardiac events are due, at least in part, to increased susceptibility to myocardial injury after ischemia and reperfusion, which can occur in out-patient as well as perioperative settings. There is an unmet medical need to prevent or minimize adverse myocardial perioperative outcomes, particularly perioperative myocardial infarction. Both non-cardiac and cardiac surgery are associated with substantial risks for myocardial infarction or death. Some 7 million patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery are considered to be at risk, with incidences of perioperative death and serious cardiac complications as high as 20-25% in some series. In addition, of the 400,000 patients undergoing coronary by-pass surgery annually, perioperative myocardial infarction is estimated to occur in 5% and death in 1 -2%. There is currently no drug therapy in this area, which reduces damage to cardiac tissue from perioperative myocardial ischemia or enhances cardiac resis- tance to ischemic episodes. Such a therapy is anticipated to be life-saving and reduce hospitalizations, enhance quality of life and reduce overall health care costs of high risk patients. Obesity is a well-known risk factor for the development of many very common diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes. The incidence of obese people and thereby also these diseases is increasing throughout the entire industrialised world. Except for exer- cise, diet and food restriction no convincing pharmacological treatment for reducing body weight effectively and acceptably currently exists. However, due to its indirect but important effect as a risk factor in mortal and common diseases it will be important to find treatment for obesity and/or means of appetite regulation. The term obesity implies an excess of adipose tissue. In this context obesity is best viewed as any degree of excess adiposity that imparts a health risk. The cut off between normal and obese individuals can only be approximated, but the health risk imparted by the obesity is probably a continuum with increasing adiposity. The Framingham study demonstrated that a 20% excess over desirable weight clearly imparted a health risk (Mann GV N. Engl. J. Med 291 :226, 1974). In the United States a National Institutes of Health consensus panel on obe- sity agreed that a 20% increase in relative weight or a body mass index (BMI = body weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) above the 85th percentile for young adults constitutes a health risk. By the use of these criteria 20 to 30 percent of adult men and 30 to 40 percent of adult women in the United States are obese. (NIH, Ann Intern Med 103:147, 1985). Even mild obesity increases the risk for premature death, diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis, gallbladder disease, and certain types of cancer. In the industrialised western world the prevalence of obesity has increased significantly in the past few decades. Because of the high prevalence of obesity and its health consequences, its prevention and treatment should be a high public health priority.
When energy intake exceeds expenditure, the excess calories are stored in adipose tissue, and if this net positive balance is prolonged, obesity results, i.e. there are two components to weight balance, and an abnormality on either side (intake or expenditure) can lead to obesity. The regulation of eating behaviour is incompletely understood. To some extent appetite is controlled by discrete areas in the hypothalamus: a feeding centre in the ventrolateral nucleus of the hypothalamus (VLH) and a satiety centre in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH). The cerebral cortex receives positive signals from the feeding centre that stimulate eating, and the satiety centre modulates this process by sending inhibitory impulses to the feeding centre. Several regulatory processes may influence these hypothalamic centres. The satiety centre may be activated by the increases in plasma glucose and/or insulin that follow a meal. Meal induced gastric distension is another possible inhibitory factor. Additionally the hypothalamic centres are sensitive to catecholamines, and beta adrenergic stimulation inhibits eating behaviour. Ultimately, the cerebral cortex controls eating behaviour, and impulses from the feeding centre to the cerebral cortex are only one input. Psychological, social, and genetic factors also influence food intake.
At present a variety of techniques are available to effect initial weight loss. Unfortunately, initial weight loss is not an optimal therapeutic goal. Rather, the problem is that most obese patients eventually regain their weight. An effective means to establish and/or sustain weight loss is the major challenge in the treatment of obesity today.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention provides a compound of general formula (I)
Figure imgf000007_0001
(I) wherein the substituents are defined below, as well as further embodiments hereof described in the attached embodiments. The present invention also provides use of the compounds of the invention for preparation of a medicament for the treatment of various diseases, e.g. for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
DEFINITION
In the structural formulas given herein and throughout the present specification, the following terms have the indicated meaning:
The term "optionally substituted" as used herein means that the moiety which is optionally substituted is either unsubstituted or substituted with one or more of the substituents speci- fied. When the moiety in question is substituted with more than one substituent, the substitu- ent may be the same or different.
The term "adjacent" as used herein regards the relative positions of two atoms or variables, these two atoms or variables sharing a bond or one variable preceding or succeeding the other in a variable specification. By way of example, "atom A adjacent to atom B" means that the two atoms A and B share a bond.
The term "halogen" or "halo" means fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
The term "perhalomethyl" means trifluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, tribromomethyl, or triio- domethyl.
The use of prefixes of this structure: Cx_y-alkyl, Cx.y-alkenyl, Cx-y-alkynyl, Cx-y-cycloalyl or Cx-y- cycloalkyl-Cx-y-alkenyl- and the like designates radical of the designated type having from x to y carbon atoms.
The term "alkyl" as used herein, alone or in combination, refers to a straight or branched chain saturated monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from one to ten carbon atoms, for example C^s-alkyl or Ci_6-alkyl. Typical Ci_8-alkyl groups and Ci_6-alkyl groups include, but are not limited to e.g. methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 4-methylpentyl, neopentyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, 1 ,2- dimethylpropyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1 ,2,2-trimethylpropyl and the like. The term "Ci-8-alkyl" as used herein also includes secondary C3-8-alkyl and tertiary C4-8-alkyl. The term "Ci-6-alkyl" as used herein also includes secondary C3-6-alkyl and tertiary C4-6-alkyl. The term " alkenyl" as used herein, alone or in combination, refers to a straight or branched chain monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing from two to ten carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond, for example C2.8-alkenyl or C2-6-alkenyl. Typical C2-8-alkenyl groups and C2-6-alkenyl groups include, but are not limited to, vinyl, 1 -propenyl, 2-propenyl, iso-propenyl, 1 ,3-butadienyl, 1 -butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 2-methyl-1 -propenyl, 1 - pentenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, 1 -hexenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3- hexenyl, 2,4-hexadienyl, 5-hexenyl and the like.
The term "alkynyl" as used herein alone or in combination, refers to a straight or branched monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing from two to ten carbon atoms and at least one triple carbon-carbon bond, for example C2-8-alkynyl or C2-6-alkynyl. Typical C2-8-alkynyl groups and C2-6-alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, 1 -propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1 -butynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1 -pentynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl, 4-pentynyl, 1 -hexynyl, 2- hexynyl, 3-hexynyl, 5-hexynyl, 2,4-hexadiynyl and the like.
The term "cycloalkyl" as used herein, alone or in combination, refers to a saturated mono-, bi-, or tricarbocyclic radical having from three to twelve carbon atoms, for example C3.8- cycloalkyl. Typical C3-8-cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobu- tyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, bicyclo[3.2.1 ]octyl, bicyclo[2.2.1 ]heptyl, norpinyl, norbonyl, norcaryl, adamantyl and the like.
The term "cycloalkenyl" as used herein, alone or in combination, refers to an non-aromatic unsaturated mono-, bi-, or tricarbocyclic radical having from three to twelve carbon atoms, for example C3.8-cycloalkenyl. Typical C3.8-cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to cyclo- hexene, cycloheptene and cyclopentene, and the like.
The term "heterocyclic" or the term "heterocyclyl" as used herein, alone or in combination, refers to a saturated mono-, bi-, or tricarbocyclic group having three to twelve carbon atoms and one or two additional heteroatoms or groups selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur, SO or SO2, for example Cs-s-heterocyclyl. Typical C3-8-heterocyclyl groups include, but are not limited to, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, 1 ,4-dioxanyl, 1 ,3-dioxanyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl, and the like. The term "heterocycloalkenyl" as used herein, alone or in combination, refers to a non- aromatic unsaturated mono-, bi-, or tricyclic radical having from three to twelve carbon atoms, and one or two additional heteroatoms or groups selected from nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur, SO or SO2, for example C3.8-hetereocycloalkenyl. Typical C3.8-hetreocycloalkenyl groups include, but are not limited to tetrahydropyridine, azacycloheptene, 2-pyrroline, 3- pyrroline, 2-pyrazoline, imidazoline, 4H-pyran, and the like. The terms "alkoxy" or "alkyloxy", which are interchangeable terms herein, as used herein, alone or in combination, refers to the monovalent radical RO-, where Ra is alkyl as defined above, for example Ci-8-alkyl giving d.8-alkoxy. Typical Ci-8-alkoxy groups include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, sec-butoxy, terf-butoxy, pen- toxy, isopentoxy, hexoxy, isohexoxy and the like. The term "alkenyloxy", as used herein, alone or in combination, refers to the monovalent radical RO-, where Ra is alkenyl as defined above, for example C2-8-alkyl giving C2-8- alkenyloxy. Typical C2-8-alkenyloxy groups include, but are not limited to, vinyloxy, propeny- loxy, 2-methyl-propenyloxy, butenyloxy, and the like. The term "alkylthio" as used herein, alone or in combination, refers to a straight or branched monovalent radical comprising an alkyl group as described above linked through a divalent sulphur atom having its free valence bond from the sulphur atom, for example C1 6-alkylthio. Typical Ci.6-alkylthio groups include, but are not limited to, methylthio, ethylthio, propylthio, butylthio, pentylthio, hexylthio and the like. The term "alkoxycarbonyl" as used herein refers to the monovalent radical ROC(O)-, where Ra is alkyl as described above, for example Ci-s-alkoxycarbonyl. Typical Ci-s-alkoxycarbonyl groups include, but are not limited to, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, n-butoxycarbonyl, sec-butoxycarbonyl, tertbutoxycarbonyl, 3- methylbutoxycarbonyl, n-hexoxycarbonyl and the like. The term "aryl" as used herein refers to a carbocyclic aromatic ring radical or to a aromatic ring system radical. Aryl is also intended to include the partially hydrogenated derivatives of the carbocyclic systems.
The term "heteroaryl", as used herein, alone or in combination, refers to an aromatic ring radical with for instance 5 to 7 member atoms, or to a aromatic ring system radical with for instance from 7 to 18 member atoms, containing one or more heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulphur heteroatoms, wherein N-oxides and sulphur monoxides and sulphur dioxides are permissible heteroaromatic substitutions; such as e.g. furanyl, thienyl, thio- phenyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, indolyl, and indazolyl, and the like. Heteroaryl is also intended to include the partially hydrogenated derivatives of the heterocyclic systems enumerated below.
Examples of "aryl" and "heteroaryl" includes, but are not limited to phenyl, biphenyl, indene, fluorene, naphthyl (1 -naphthyl, 2-naphthyl), anthracene (1 -anthracenyl, 2-anthracenyl, 3- anthracenyl), thiophene (2-thienyl, 3-thienyl), furyl (2-furyl, 3-furyl), indolyl, oxadiazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiadiazolyl, oxatriazolyl, thiatriazolyl, quinazolin, fluorenyl, xanthenyl, isoindanyl, benzhydryl, acridinyl, thiazolyl, pyrrolyl (1 -pyrrolyl, 2-pyrrolyl, 3-pyrrolyl), pyrazolyl (1 - pyrazolyl, 3-pyrazolyl, 4-pyrazolyl, 5-pyrazolyl), imidazolyl (1 -imidazolyl, 2-imidazolyl, 4- imidazolyl, 5-imidazolyl), triazolyl (1 ,2,3-triazol-1 -yl, 1 ,2,3-triazol-4-yl 1 ,2,3-triazol-5-yl, 1 ,2,4- triazol-3-yl, 1 ,2,4-triazol-5-yl), oxazolyl (2-oxazolyl, 4-oxazolyl, 5-oxazolyl), isooxazolyl (isooxazo-3-yl, isooxazo-4-yl, isooxaz-5-yl), isothiazolyl (isothiazo-3-yl, isothiazo-4-yl, isothiaz-5-yl) thiazolyl (2-thiazolyl, 4-thiazolyl, 5-thiazolyl), pyridyl (2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, 4- pyridyl), pyrimidinyl (2-pyrimidinyl, 4-pyrimidinyl, 5-pyrimidinyl, 6-pyrimidinyl), pyrazinyl, pyri- dazinyl (3- pyridazinyl, 4-pyridazinyl, 5-pyridazinyl), quinolyl (2-quinolyl, 3-quinolyl, 4-quinolyl, 5-quinolyl, 6-quinolyl, 7-quinolyl, 8-quinolyl), isoquinolyl (1 -isoquinolyl, 3-isoquinolyl, 4- isoquinolyl, 5-isoquinolyl, 6-isoquinolyl, 7-isoquinolyl, 8-isoquinolyl), benzo[b]furanyl (2- benzo[b]furanyl, 3-benzo[b]furanyl, 4-benzo[b]furanyl, 5-benzo[b]furanyl, 6-benzo[b]furanyl, 7-benzo[b]furanyl), 2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]furanyl (2-(2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]furanyl), 3-(2,3- dihydro-benzo[b]furanyl), 4-(2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]furanyl), 5-(2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]furanyl), 6- (2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]furanyl), 7-(2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]furanyl)), benzo[b]thiophenyl
(benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl, benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl, benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl, benzo[b]thiophen-5-yl, benzo[b]thiophen-6-yl, benzo[b]thiophen-7-yl), 2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]thiophenyl (2,3-dihydro- benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl, 2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl, 2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]thiophen-4-yl, 2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]thiophen-5-yl, 2,3-dihydro-benzo[b]thiophen-6-yl, 2,3-dihydro- benzo[b]thiophen-7-yl), indolyl (1 -indolyl, 2-indolyl, 3-indolyl, 4-indolyl, 5-indolyl, 6-indolyl, 7- indolyl), indazole (1 -indazolyl, 3-indazolyl, 4-indazolyl, 5-indazolyl, 6-indazolyl, 7-indazolyl), benzimidazolyl (1 -benzimidazolyl, 2-benzimidazolyl, 4-benzimidazolyl, 5-benzimidazolyl, 6- benzimidazolyl, 7-benzimidazolyl, 8-benzimidazolyl), benzoxazolyl (2-benzoxazolyl, 3- benzoxazolyl, 4-benzoxazolyl, 5-benzoxazolyl, 6-benzoxazolyl, 7-benzoxazolyl), benzothia- zolyl (2-benzothiazolyl, 4-benzothiazolyl, 5-benzothiazolyl, 6-benzothiazolyl, 7- benzothiazolyl), carbazolyl (1 -carbazolyl, 2-carbazolyl, 3-carbazolyl, 4-carbazolyl), 5H- dibenz[b,f]azepine (5H-dibenz[b,f]azepin-1 -yl, 5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine-2-yl, 5H- dibenz[b,f]azepine-3-yl, 5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine-4-yl, 5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine-5-yl), 10,1 1 - dihydro-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine (10,11 -dihydro-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine-1 -yl, 10,11 -dihydro-5H- dibenz[b,f]azepine-2-yl, 10,11 -dihydro-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine-3-yl, 10,11 -dihydro-5H- dibenz[b,f]azepine-4-yl, 10,11 -dihydro-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine-5-yl), benzo[1 ,3]dioxole (2- benzo[1 ,3]dioxole, 4-benzo[1 ,3]dioxole, 5-benzo[1 ,3]dioxole, 6-benzo[1 ,3]dioxole, 7- benzo[1 ,3]dioxole), purinyl, and tetrazolyl (5-tetrazolyl, N-tetrazolyl). The present invention also relates to partly or fully saturated analogues of the ring systems mentioned above.
When two or more of the above defined terms are used in combination, such as in aryl-alkyl, heteroaryl-alkyl, cycloalkyl-Ci.6-alkyl and the like, it is to be understood that the first mentioned radical is a substituent on the latter mentioned radical, where the point of substitution, i.e. the point of attachment to another part of the molecule, is on the latter of the radi- cals, for example aryl-alkyl- :
cycloalkyl-alkyl- : , and
Figure imgf000012_0001
aryl-alkoxy- :
The term "fused arylcycloalkyl", as used herein, refers to an aryl group, as defined above, fused to a cycloalkyl group, as defined above and having the indicated number of carbon atoms, the aryl and cycloalkyl groups having two atoms in common, and wherein the cycloalkyl group is the point of substitution. Examples of "fused arylcycloalkyl" used herein include 1 - indanyl, 2-indanyl, 1 -(1 ,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl),
Figure imgf000012_0002
, and the like.
The term "fused heteroarylcycloalkyl", as used herein, refers to a heteroaryl group, as defined above, fused to a cycloalkyl group, as defined above and having the indicated number of carbon atoms, the aryl and cycloalkyl groups having two atoms in common, and wherein the cycloalkyl group is the point of substitution. Examples of fused heteroarylcycloalkyl used herein include 6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]pyridine, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline, 5,6,7,8- tetrahydrisoquinoline, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinazoline and the like
The term "alkylsulfanyl", as used herein, refers to the group R3S-, where Ra is alkyl as described above. The term "alkylsulfenyl", as used herein, refers to the group R3S(O)-, where Ra is alkyl as de- scribed above.
The term "alkylsulfonyl", as used herein, refers to the group R3SO2-, where R3 is alkyl as described above.
The term "alkylsulfamoyl", as used herein, refers to the group R3NHSO2-, where R3 is alkyl as described above. The term "dialkylsulfamoyl", as used herein, refers to the group RaRbNSO2-, where Ra and Rb are alkyl as described above.
The term "alkylsulfinamoyl", as used herein, refers to the group R3NHSO-, where Ra is alkyl as described above. The term "dialkylsulfinamoyl", as used herein, refers to the group RaRbNSO-, where Ra and
Rb are alkyl as described above.
The term "alkylamino", as used herein, refers to the group R3NH-, where Ra is alkyl as described above.
The term "acyl", as used herein, refers to the group R3C(O)-, where Ra is alkyl, alkenyl, al- kynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, or heterocyclyl as described above.
The term "heteroaryloxy" as used herein, alone or in combination, refers to the monovalent radical RO-, where Ra is heteroaryl as defined above.
The term "aryloxycarbonyl", as used herein, refers to the group Ra-O-C(O)-, where Ra is aryl as described above. The term "acyloxy", as used herein, refers to the group R3C(O)O-, where Ra is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, or heterocyclyl as described above.
The term "aryloxy", as used herein refers to the group Ra-0-, where Ra is aryl as described above.
The term "aroyloxy", as used herein, refers to the group R3C(O)O-, where R3 is aryl as de- scribed above.
The term "heteroaroyloxy", as used herein, refers to the group R3C(O)O-, where R3 is heteroaryl as described above.
Whenever the terms "alkyl", "cycloalkyl", "aryl", "heteroaryl" or the like or either of their prefix roots appear in a name of a substituent (e.g. arylalkoxyaryloxy) they shall be interpreted as including those limitations given above for "alkyl" and "aryl".
As used herein, the term "oxo" shall refer to the substituent =0.
As used herein, the term "mercapto" shall refer to the substituent -SH.
As used herein, the term "carboxy" shall refer to the substituent -C(O)OH.
As used herein, the term "cyano" shall refer to the substituent -CN. As used herein, the term "nitro" shall refer to the substituent -NO2.
As used herein, the term "aminosulfonyl" shall refer to the substituent -SO2NH2.
As used herein, the term "sulfanyl" shall refer to the substituent -S-.
As used herein, the term "sulfenyl" shall refer to the substituent -S(O)-.
As used herein, the term "sulfonyl" shall refer to the substituent -S(O)2-. As used herein, the term "direct bond", where part of a structural variable specification, refers to the direct joining of the substituents flanking (preceding and succeeding) the variable taken as a "direct bond".
The term "lower", as used herein, refers to an group having between one and six carbons, and may be indicated with the prefix Cx.6-. Lower alkyl may thus be indicated as Ci-6-alkyl, while lower alkylene may be indicated as C2-6-alkylene.
A radical such as Cx-y-cycloalkyl-Ca-b-alkenyl shall designate that the radical's point of attachment is in part of the radical mentioned last. As used herein, the term "optionally" means that the subsequently described event(s) may or may not occur, and includes both event(s) which occur and events that do not occur.
As used herein, the term "substituted" refers to substitution with the named substituent or substituents, multiple degrees of substitution being allowed unless otherwise stated. As used herein, the term "attached" or "-" (e.g. -C(O)R11 which indicates the carbonyl attachment point to the scaffold) signifies a stable covalent bond. As used herein, the terms "contain" or "containing" can refer to in-line substitutions at any position along the above defined alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or cycloalkyl substituents with one or more of any of O, S, SO, SO2, N, or N-alkyl, including, for example, -CH2-O-CH2-, -CH2-SO2- CH2-, -CH2-NH-CH3 and so forth. Certain of the above defined terms may occur more than once in the structural formulae, and upon such occurrence each term shall be defined independently of the other.
As used herein, the term "solvate" is a complex of variable stoichiometry formed by a solute (in this invention, a compound of formula (I)) and a solvent. Such solvents for the purpose of the present invention may not interfere with the biological activity of the solute. Solvents may be, by way of example, water, ethanol, or acetic acid. As used herein, the term "biohydrolyzable ester" is an ester of a drug substance (in this invention, a compound of formula (I) ) which either a) does not interfere with the biological activity of the parent substance but confers on that substance advantageous properties in vivo such as duration of action, onset of action, and the like, or b) is biologically inactive but is readily converted in vivo by the subject to the biologically active principle. The advantage is that, for example, the biohydrolyzable ester is orally absorbed from the gut and is transformed to (I) in plasma. Many examples of such are known in the art and include by way of example lower alkyl esters (e.g., Ci-4), lower acyloxyalkyl esters, lower alkoxyacyloxyalkyl esters, alkoxyacyloxy esters, alkyl acylamino alkyl esters, and choline esters. As used herein, the term "biohydrolyzable amide" is an amide of a drug substance (in this invention, a compound of general formula (I)) which either a) does not interfere with the bio- logical activity of the parent substance but confers on that substance advantageous properties in vivo such as duration of action, onset of action, and the like, or b) is biologically inactive but is readily converted in vivo by the subject to the biologically active principle. The advantage is that, for example, the biohydrolyzable amide is orally absorbed from the gut and is transformed to (I) in plasma. Many examples of such are known in the art and include by way of example lower alkyl amides, α-amino acid amides, alkoxyacyl amides, and alkylaminoal- kylcarbonyl amides.
As used herein, the term "prodrug" includes biohydrolyzable amides and biohydrolyzable esters and also encompasses a) compounds in which the biohydrolyzable functionality in such a prodrug is encompassed in the compound of formula (I) and b) compounds which may be oxidized or reduced biologically at a given functional group to yield drug substances of formula (I). Examples of these functional groups include, but are not limited to, 1 ,4- dihydropyridine, N-alkylcarbonyl-1 ,4-dihydropyridine, 1 ,4-cyclohexadiene, tert-butyl, and the like. The term "pharmacologically effective amount" or shall mean that amount of a drug or pharmaceutical agent that will elicit the biological or medical response of a tissue, animal or human that is being sought by a researcher or clinician. This amount can be a therapeutically effective amount. The term "therapeutically effective amount" shall mean that amount of a drug or pharmaceutical agent that will elicit the therapeutic response of an animal or human that is being sought.
The term "treatment" and "treating" as used herein means the management and care of a patient for the purpose of combating a disease, disorder or condition. The term is intended to include the full spectrum of treatments for a given disorder from which the patient is suffering, such as the delaying of the progression of the disease, disorder or condition, the alleviation or relief of symptoms and complications, the prevention of the disease and/or the cure or elimination of the disease, disorder or condition. The patient to be treated is preferably a mammal, in particular a human being.
The term "pharmaceutically acceptable salt" as used herein includes pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts, pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salts, pharmaceuti- cally acceptable metal salts, ammonium salts, and alkylated ammonium salts. Acid addition salts include salts of inorganic acids as well as organic acids. Representative examples of suitable inorganic acids include hydrochloric, hydrobromic, hydroiodic, phosphoric, sulfuric, and nitric acids. Representative examples of suitable organic acids include formic, acetic, trichloroacetic, trifluoroacetic, propionic, benzoic, cinnamic, citric, fumaric, glycolic, lactic, maleic, malic, malonic, mandelic, oxalic, picric, pyruvic, salicylic, succinic, methanesulfonic, ethanesulfonic, tartaric, ascorbic, pamoic, bismethylene salicylic, ethanedisulfonic, gluconic, citraconic, aspartic, stearic, palmitic, EDTA, glycolic, p-aminobenzoic, glutamic, benzenesul- fonic, p-toluenesulfonic acids, sulphates, nitrates, phosphates, perchlorates, borates, acetates, benzoates, hydroxynaphthoates, glycerophosphates, and ketoglutarates. Further ex- amples of pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic acid addition salts include the pharmaceutically acceptable salts listed in J. Pharm. Sci. 1977, 66, 2, which is incorporated herein by reference. Examples of metal salts include lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, zinc, and calcium salts. Examples of amines and organic amines include ammonium, methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, propylamine, bu- tylamine, tetramethylamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, meglumine, ethylenediamine, choline, N,N'-dibenzylethylenediamine, N-benzylphenylethylamine, N- methyl-D-glucamine, and guanidine. Examples of cationic amino acids include lysine, argin- ine, and histidine. The pharmaceutically acceptable salts are prepared by reacting the compound of formula I with 1 to 4 equivalents of a base such as sodium hydroxide, sodium methoxide, sodium hydride, potassium t-butoxide, calcium hydroxide, and magnesium hydroxide, in solvents such as ether, THF, methanol, t-butanol, dioxane, isopropanol, ethanol etc. Mixture of solvents may be used. Organic bases such as lysine, arginine, diethanolamine, choline, guandine and their derivatives etc. may also be used. Alternatively, acid addition salts wherever appli- cable are prepared by treatment with acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, p-toluenesulphonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, maleic acid salicylic acid, hydroxynaphthoic acid, ascorbic acid, palmitic acid, succinic acid, benzoic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, and tartaric acid in solvents such as ethyl acetate, ether, alcohols, acetone, THF, dioxane etc. Mixture of solvents may also be used. The term "combination therapy", "combined", "in combination with", and the like, as used herein refers to the administration of a single pharmaceutical dosage formulation which comprises the glucokinase activator compound of the present invention and another active agent(s), as well as administration of each active agent(s) in its own separate pharmaceutical dosage formulation. Where separate dosage formulations are used, the compound of the present invention and another active agent(s) can be administered to the patient at essentially the same time, i.e. concurrently, or at separate staggered times, i.e. sequentially. When given by different dosage formulations, the route of administration may be the same or different for each agent. Any route of administration known or contemplated for the individual agents is acceptable for the practice of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In embodiment 1 the invention provides a compound of general formula (I)
Figure imgf000017_0001
(I)
wherein R1 is C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-cycloalkenyl, C3-8-heterocyclyl, C3-8-heterocycloalkenyl, fused aryl-Cs-s-cycloalkyl, or fused heteroaryl-C3-8-cycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R3, R4, R5 and R6;
R2 is C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-cycloalkenyl, C3-8-heterocyclyl, C3-8-heterocycloalkenyl, fused aryl- C3.8-cycloalkyl or fused heteroaryl-C3.8-cycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R30, R31, R32 and R33,
A is heteroaryl which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R7, R8 and R9; and
At least one of R1 and R2 must have one substituent selected from R3, R4, R5, R6,
R30, R31, R32 and R33; and
At least one of R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 and R33 is independently selected from the group consisting of C3-8-cycloalkyl-C3-6-alkenyl, aryl-C2-6-alkenyl, heteroaryl-C2-6- alkenyl, C3.6-alkenyloxy, C3-8-cycloalkyl-C3.6-alkenyloxy, aryl-C3.6-alkenyloxy, het- eroaryl-C3_6-alkenyloxy, Cs-s-cycloalkenyl-d-e-alkoxy, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-d-e-alkoxy, fused aryl-Cs-s-cycloalkenyl-Ci-e-alkoxy, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Cs-e-alkenyloxy, fused aryl- C3-8-cycloalkenyl-C3-6-alkenyloxy, Ci-e-alkoxy-Cs-e-alkenyloxy, C3-8-alkenyloxy-Ci-6- alkoxy, aryloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, aryloxy-C3-6-alkenyl, heteroaryloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroary- loxy-C3-6-alkenyl, aryl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, aryl-Cs-e-alkenyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, aryl-Ci-
6-alkyloxy-C3-6-alkenyl, heteroaryl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, heteroaryl-C3-6-alkenyloxy- Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Cs-e-alkenyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyloxy-Ci-6- alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Cs-e-alkenyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, C3.8-cycloalkyl-d-6-alkyloxy-C3.6- alkenyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, C3-8-heterocyclyl-C3-6-alkenyloxy- Ci-6-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Cs-e-alkenyl, fused aryl-C3-8-cycloalkenyl-Ci-
6-alkyloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, fused aryl-Cs-s-cycloalkenyl-Cs-e-alkenyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, fused aryl-Cs-s-cycloalkenyl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Cs-e-alkenyl, C3-6-alkenylthio, C3-8-cycloalkyl-C3-6- alkenylthio, aryl-C3-6-alkenylthio, heteroaryl-C3-6-alkenylthio, C3-8-cycloalkenyl-Ci-6- alkthio, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkthio, fused aryl-Cs-s-cycloalkenyl-Ci-e-alkthio, Ci-6- alkylthio-C3-6-alkenyloxy, Ci-e-alkoxy-Cs-e-alkenylthio, C3-8-alkenylthio-Ci-6-alkoxy, C3- s-alkenyloxy-Ci-e-alkylthio, arylthio-C^e-alkyl, arylthio-C3.6-alkenyl, heteroarylthio-Ci.
6-alkyl, heteroarylthio-C3.6-alkenyl, aryl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Ci-e-alkyl, aryl-C3.6-alkenylthio- Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Cs-e-alkenyl, heteroaryl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Ci-e-alkyl, het- eroaryl-C3-6-alkenylthio-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Cs-e-alkenyl, C3-8- cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkylthio-Ci-6-alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Cs-e-alkenylthio-Ci-e-alkyl, C3-8- cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Cs-e-alkenyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Ci-e-alkyl, C3-8- heterocyclyl-C3-6-alkenylthio-Ci-6-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Cs-e-alkenyl, fused aryl-Cs-s-cycloalkenyl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Ci-e-alkyl, fused aryl-C3-8-cycloalkenyl-C3-6- alkenylthio-Ci-6-alkyl, fused aryl-Cs-s-cycloalkenyl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Cs-e-alkenyl each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12; and
If more than one of R3, R4, R5, R6, or more than one of R30, R31, R32 and R33 is present, that additional R3, R4, R5, R6, or R30, R31, R32 or R33 may be independently selected from • halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, -CF3; or
• -NR10R11 ; or
•Ci-e-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C2-6-alkynyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl, aryl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-e-alkyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, Cs-e-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkoxy, aryl-Ci-6- alkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-Ci.6-alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, Ci.6-alkylthio, aryl- thio, heteroarylthio, Cs-s-cycloalkylthio, aryl-Ci-6-alkylthio, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkylthio, Ci-
6-alkylsulfenyl, Cs-e-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkylthio, Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-e-alkoxy- Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-6-alkylthio-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyloxy, amino-Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-6- alkylamino-Ci-6-alkyl, di-(Ci-6-alkyl)amino-Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-e-alkylsulfamoyl, di(Ci-6- alkyl)sulfamoyl, Ci-e-alkylsulfinamoyl or di(Ci-6-alkyl)sulfinamoyl each of which is op- tionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12; or
• -C(O)-R27, -S(O)2-R27, -C(O)-NR13R14, -S(O)2-NR13R14, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-NR13R14; or
• two substituents selected from R3, R4, R5 and R6 or R30, R31, R32 and R33 attached to the same or adjacent atoms together form a radical -0-(CH2)^3-O-; and
R27 is Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, C2-6-alkenyl, C2-6-alkynyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl- Ci-6-alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-C^e-alkenyl, aryl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, aryloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-C2-6- alkenyl, heteroaryl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl, heteroaryl-Ci.6-alkyl, C3-8-heterocyclyl-d-6- alkyl, heteroaryloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-C2-6-alkenyl, d-6-alkoxy- Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-6-alkoxy-C2-6-alkenyl, C1 6-alkylthio-C1 6-alkyl, R10HN-Ci-6-alkyl, R10R11- N-Ci-6-alkyl, R10R11-N-C2-6-alkenyl, R10R11-N-S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl, R10R11-N-C(O)-d-6- alkyl, Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-NH-C1_6-alkyl, aryl-C(O)-NH-C1-6-alkyl, heteroaryl-C(O)-NH-d_
6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-C(O)-NH-Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-6-alkyl-S(O)2-NH-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-S(O)2- NH-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl-S(O)2-NH-Ci-6-alkyl, or C3-8-cycloalkyl-S(O)2-NH-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12; and
R12 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy, -CF3, Ci_6-alkyl, C1-6- alkoxy, C2.6-alkenyloxy, C3-8-cycloalkyloxy, cycloalkenyloxy, heterocyclyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, aryl-d-6-alkoxy, aryl-d-6-alkenyloxy, heteroaryl-d-6-alkoxy, het- eroaryl-d-6-alkenyloxy, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkoxy, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkenyloxy, heterocyclyl-d-6-alkoxy, heterocyclyl-d-e-alkenyloxy, fused aryl-cycloalkyl-d-6- alkoxy, fused aryl-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkenyloxy, d.6-alkylthio, C2.6-alkenylthio, C3.8- cycloalkylthio, cycloalkenylthio, heterocyclylthio, arylthio, heteroarylthio, aryl-d-6- alkylthio, aryl-d.6-alkenylyhio, heteroaryl-d.6-alkyltio, heteroaryl-d.6-alkenylthio, C3. 8-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkylthio, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkenylthio, heterocyclyl-d-e-alkylthio, heterocyclyl-d-6-alkenylthio, fused aryl-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkylthio, fused aryl- cycloalkyl-d-6-alkenylthio, -NR10R11, -S(O)2CH3, -S(O)2CF3, -S(O)2CH2CF3 or -S(O)2NH2; and
R10 and R11 independently represent hydrogen, C1-6-alkyl, -C(O)-C1-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-d-6-alkyl, carboxy-C1-6-alkyl, -C(O)-C1-6-alkyl-C(O)OH, -S(O)2-C1-6-alkyl, or aryl; and
R13 and R14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-6- alkyl, hydroxy-d.6-alkyl, carboxy-d.6-alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, each of which is op- tionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R15; or R13 and R14 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur; and R15 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF3, Ci-e-alkyl, -S(O)2CH3, or -S(O)2NH2; and
R7, R8 and R9 are independently selected from
• halogen, carboxy, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, -CF3 ,-SCN; or
• Ci-e-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C2-6-alkynyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, Ci_6-alkylthio, C2.6- alkenylthio, Ci-6-alkylamino, Ci-6-alkylsulfenyl, -C(O)-O-Ci.6-alkyl, formyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl,
Figure imgf000020_0001
-NH-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-e-alkoxy-Ci-e-alkyl, -Ci-e-alkyl-S-Ci-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6- alkyl, or hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16; or
• aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-d-e-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-Ci-6-alkoxy, het- eroaryl-Ci-6-alkoxy, aryl-Ci-6-alkylthio, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkylthio, heteroaryl-thio-Ci- 6-alkyl, heteroaryl-oxy-Ci-6-alkyl, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, arylthio, heteroarylthio, aryl-Ci-6-alkylamino, -C(O)-aryl, or -C(O)-heteroraryl, each of which is optionally substituted on the aryl or heteroaryl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R17; or
• C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3.8-cycloalkenyl, C3.8-cycloalkylthio, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6- alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkenyl-Ci-e-alkyl, Cs-e-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkoxy, C3-6-cycloalkyl-Ci-6- alkylthio, each of which is optionally substituted on the cycloalkyl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R18; or
• C3-8-heterocyclyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, C3-8-heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkylthio, Cs-8-heterocyclylthio, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-amino-Ci-e-alkyl, or -C(O)-C3-8- heterocyclyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16; or
-NR19R20, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR19R20, -C2-6-alkenyl-NR19R20, -Ci-6-alkyl-S-R21, -Ci-6- alkyl-S(O)-R21, -Ci-6-alkyl-S(O)2-R21, -S(O)2-R21, -S(O)2-N(R19)( Ci_6-alkyl- C(O)NR22 R23) or -S(O)2-NR19R20, wherein each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R25; or
-C(O)NR22R23, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)NR22R23 -Ci-6-alkyl-NH-NR22R23 -Ci-6-alkyl-NH-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl-NR22R23, each optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R26; or two of R7, R8 and R9 can be taken together to form a C2-5-alkylene bridge; the C2.5- alkylene bridge is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16; and
R16, R17, and R18 are independently Ci-6-alkyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, car- boxy, oxo, -CF3, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci.6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-NR19R20, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, - NR19R20, -NHS(O)2Ci-6-alkyl, -NHS(O)2CF3, -NHS(O)2CH2CF3, -C(O)NR19R20, -S(O)2Ci-6-alkyl, -S(O)2CF3, -S(O)2CH2CF3 or -S(O)2NR19R20; and
R19 and R20 independently represent hydrogen, Ci_6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C3-8- cycloalkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci.6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci.6-alkyl, aryl, het- eroaryl, C3-8-heterocyclyl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6- alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR22R23, or -S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24, or R19 and R20 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substitu- ents independently selected from R24; and
R21 is selected from
• Ci-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl , carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-6-alkylamino-Ci-6-alkyl or hy- droxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR22R23; or • aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-C^-alkyl, or heteroaryl-Ci.6-alkyl, wherein the aryl or heteroaryl part is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24; or
• C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3.8-cycloalkenyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyl, C3.8- cycloalkenyl-Ci-6-alkyl; and
R22 and R23 are independently selected from hydrogen, Ci_6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-e-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; or R22 and R23 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered hetero- cyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24; and
R24 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, d-6-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-6- alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-C3-8-cycloalkyl, -C(O)-aryl, -C(O)-heteroaryl, -C(O)- C3-8-heterocyclyl -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6- alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-Ci.6-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci.6-alkyl, C3.8-cycloalkyl, C3.8- heterocyclyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, -Ci-6- alkyl-C(O)-C3-8-heterocyclyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl-aryl, -NH-S(O)2R28, or -S(O)2R28, wherein each cyclic moiety is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R29; and
R25 and R26 are independently Ci.6-alkyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -CF3,
-S(O)2CH3, or -S(O)2NH2; and
R28 is d-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, aryl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl optionally substituted with Ci_6-alkyl, -NH2, or -N(CH3)2; and
R29 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, Ci_6-alkyl, or Ci-e-alkoxy;
or
R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 and R33 are independently selected from the group consisting of
• halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, -CF3; or
• -NR10R11 ; or •C1.6-alkyl, C2.6-alkenyl, C2.6-alkynyl, C3.8-cycloalkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl, aryl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, C3-6-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkoxy, aryl-Ci-6- alkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-Ci.6-alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, Ci.6-alkylthio, aryl- thio, heteroarylthio, Cs-s-cycloalkylthio, aryl-Ci-6-alkylthio, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkylthio, Ci- 6-alkylsulfenyl, Cs-e-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkylthio, Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-e-alkoxy- C1.6-alkyl, Ci-6-alkylthio-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci.6-alkyloxy, amino-Ci.6-alkyl, C1-6- alkylamino-C^e-alkyl, di-(Ci-6-alkyl)amino-Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-6-alkylsulfamoyl, di(d-6- alkyl)sulfamoyl, Ci-e-alkylsulfinamoyl or di(Ci-6-alkyl)sulfinamoyl each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12; or • -C(O)-R27, -S(O)2-R27, -C(O)-NR13R14, -S(O)2-NR13R14, -d-6-alkyl-C(O)-NR13R14; or »two substituents selected from R3, R4, R5 and R6 or R30, R31, R32 and R33 attached to the same or adjacent atoms together form a radical -O-(CH2)i-3-O-; and
R10 and R11 independently represent hydrogen, Ci-e-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)OH, -S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl, or aryl; and
R27 is Ci-e-alkyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, C2.6-alkenyl, C2.6-alkynyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3.8-cycloalkyl- Ci-6-alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-C^e-alkenyl, aryl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, aryloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-C2-6- alkenyl, heteroaryl, C3-8-heterocyclyl, heteroaryl-Ci.6-alkyl, C3-8-heterocyclyl-d-6- alkyl, heteroaryloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-C2-6-alkenyl, d-6-alkoxy-
Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-6-alkoxy-C2-6-alkenyl, C1 6-alkylthio-C1 6-alkyl, R10HN-Ci-6-alkyl, R10R11- N-Ci-6-alkyl, R10R11-N-C2-6-alkenyl, R10R11-N-S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl, R10R11-N-C(O)-d-6- alkyl, C1-6-alkyl-C(O)-NH-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-C(O)-NH-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl-C(O)-NH-d- 6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-C(O)-NH-Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-6-alkyl-S(O)2-NH-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-S(O)2- NH-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl-S(O)2-NH-Ci-6-alkyl, or C3-8-cycloalkyl-S(O)2-NH-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12; and
R12 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy, -CF3, Ci_6-alkyl, C1-6- alkoxy, -NR10R11, -S(O)2CH3, or -S(O)2NH2; and
R13 and R14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, d-6- alkyl, hydroxy-d-6-alkyl, carboxy-d-6-alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R15; or R13 and R14 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur; and R15 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF3, Ci-e-alkyl, -S(O)2CH3, or -S(O)2NH2; and
A must have at least one substituent selected from R7, R8 and R9; and
At least one of R7, R8 and R9 is independently selected from
• Ci-6-alkoxy, Ci.6-alkylthio, C2.6-alkenylthio each of which is substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16; or • -NR19R20, -d-6-alkyl-NR19R20, -C2-6-alkenyl-NR19R20, -d-6-alkyl-S-R21, -Ci-6- alkyl-S(O)-R21 , -Ci-6-alkyl-S(O)2-R21 , -S(O)2-R21 , -S(O)2-NR19R20 or -
S(O)2NR19(Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)NR22R23), wherein each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R25;
If more than one R7, R8 and R9 is present, that additional one or more of R7, R8 and R9 may be independently selected from
• halogen, carboxy, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, -CF3 ,-SCN; or
• Ci-6-alkyl, C2.6-alkenyl, C2.6-alkynyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, Ci.6-alkylthio, C2.6- alkenylthio, Ci-6-alkylamino, Ci_6-alkylsulfenyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, formyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-O-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -NH-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -d-β-alkoxy-d-β-alkyl, -Ci-β-alkyl-S-Ci-β-alkyI, carboxy-Ci-e- alkyl, or hydroxy-Ci.6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R40; or
• aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-Ci-e-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-e-alkyl, aryl-Ci-e-alkoxy, het- eroaryl-Ci-6-alkoxy, aryl-Ci-6-alkylthio, heteroaryl-Ci-e-alkylthio, heteroaryl-thio-Ci- 6-alkyl, heteroaryl-oxy-Ci-e-alkyl, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, arylthio, heteroarylthio, aryl-Ci-6-alkylamino, -C(O)-aryl, or -C(O)-heteroraryl, each of which is optionally substituted on the aryl or heteroaryl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R41 ; or
• C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3.8-cycloalkenyl, Cs-s-cycloalkylthio, C3-8-cycloalkyl-d-6- alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkenyl-d-e-alkyl, Cs-e-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkoxy, C3-6-cycloalkyl-d-6- alkylthio, each of which is optionally substituted on the cycloalkyl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R42; or
• Cs-8-heterocyclyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkylthio, Cs-s-heterocyclylthio, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-amino-Ci-e-alkyl, or -C(O)-C3-8- heterocyclyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R40; or
-NR43R44, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR43R44, -C2-6-alkenyl-NR43R44, -Ci-6-alkyl-S-R45, -Ci-6- alkyl-S(O)-R45, -Ci-6-alkyl-S(O)2-R45, -S(O)2-R45, -S(O)2-N(R43)( Ci-6-alkyl- C(O)NR46R47) or -S(O)2-NR43R44, wherein each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R49; or
-C(O)NR46R47, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)NR46R47 -Ci-6-alkyl-NH-NR46R47 -Ci-6-alkyl-NH-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl-NNR46R47, each optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R50; and
R16 is -NR19R20, -NHS(O)2CF3, -NHS(O)2CH2CF3, -C(O)NR19R20, -S(O)2CF3, -S(O)2CH2CF3, or -S(O)2NR19R20; and R19 represents hydrogen, Ci-6-alkyl, C2-6- alkenyl, C3.8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci.6-alkyl, hydroxy-C2.6- alkenyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C3-8-heterocyclyl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8- heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6- alkyl-NR22R23, or -S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24; and
R20 represents C2-6-alkenyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24; and
R21 is selected from C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3.8-cycloalkenyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyl, C3.8-cycloalkenyl-Ci-6- alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-6-alkylamino-Ci-6-alkyl or hydroxy-Ci-6- alkyl, -Ci.6-alkyl-NR22R23 which is substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24; and
R22 and R23 are independently selected from hydrogen, Ci_6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-e-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; or R22 and R23 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the hetero- cyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24; and
R24 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, Ci-6-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-6- alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-C1-6-alkyl, -C(O)-C3-8-cycloalkyl, -C(O)-aryl,
-C(O)-heteroaryl, -C(O)- C3-8-heterocyclyl -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6- alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8- heterocyclyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, -Ci-6- alkyl-C(O)-C3-8-heterocyclyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl-aryl, -NH-S(O)2R28, or -S(O)2R28, wherein each cyclic moiety is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R29; and
R25 is Ci-6-alkyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -CF3, -S(O)2CH3, or -S(O)2NH2; and
R28 is d-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, aryl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl optionally substituted with Ci_6-alkyl, -NH2, or -N(CH3)2; and
R29 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, Ci_6-alkyl, or Ci-e-alkoxy; and
R40, R41, and R42 are independently Ci_6-alkyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci.6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-NR43R44, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, - NR43R44, -NHS(O)2C1-6-alkyl, -NHS(O)2CF3, -NHS(O)2CH2CF3, -C(O)NR43R44,
-S(O)2Ci-6-alkyl, -S(O)2CF3, -S(O)2CH2CF3 or -S(O)2NR43R44; and
R43 and R44 independently represent hydrogen, Ci_6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C3-8- cycloalkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci.6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-e-alkyl, aryl, het- eroaryl, C3-8-heterocyclyl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6- alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR46R47, or -S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R48, or R43 and R44 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substitu- ents independently selected from R48; and
R45 is selected from • Ci-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl , carboxy-Ci.6-alkyl, Ci-6-alkylamino-Ci-6-alkyl or hy- droxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR46R47; or
• aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-d-e-alkyl, or heteroaryl-Ci.6-alkyl, wherein the aryl or heteroaryl part is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R48; or • C3.8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-cycloalkenyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl, C3-8- cycloalkenyl-Ci-6-alkyl; and
R46 and R47 are independently selected from hydrogen, Ci-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci.6-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; or R46 and R47 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently se- lected from R48; and
R48 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, Ci-e-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-6- alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-C3-8-cycloalkyl, -C(O)-aryl, -C(O)-heteroaryl, -C(O)- C3-8-heterocyclyl -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6- alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8- heterocyclyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, -Ci-6- alkyl-C(O)-C3-8-heterocyclyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl-aryl, -NH-S(O)2R52, or -S(O)2R52, wherein each cyclic moiety is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R53; and
R49 and R50 are independently Ci_6-alkyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -CF3, -S(O)2CH3, or -S(O)2NH2; and R52 is d-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, aryl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl optionally substituted with Ci_6-alkyl, -NH2, or -N(CH3)2; and
R53 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, Ci-6-alkyl, or Ci-6-alkoxy;
as well as any salt hereof with a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base, or any optical isomer or mixture of optical isomers, including a racemic mixture, or any tautomeric forms
Embodiment 2. A compound according to embodiment 1 wherein R1 is C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8- cycloalkenyl, indanyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothiofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, 1 ,4-dioxanyl, 1 ,3-dioxanyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, or piperazinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R3, R4, R5 and R6. Embodiment 3. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 2 wherein R1 is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptyl, cycloheptenyl, cyclooctyl, bicyclo[3.2.1 ]octyl, bicyclo[2.2.1 ]heptyl, norpinyl, norbonyl, norcaryl, adamantyl, indanyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothiofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, 1 ,4-dioxanyl, 1 ,3-dioxanyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, or piperazinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R3, R4, R5 and R6. Embodiment 4. A compound according to embodiment 3 wherein R1 is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptyl, bicyclo[3.2.1]octyl, bicy- clo[2.2.1 ]heptyl, adamantyl, indanyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, or piperazinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R3, R4, R5 and R6. Embodiment 5. A compound according to embodiment 4 wherein R1 is cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptyl, bicyclo[2.2.1 ]heptyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, or piperazinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R3, R4, R5 and R6. Embodiment 6. A compound according to embodiment 5 wherein R1 is selected from
Figure imgf000029_0001
Embodiment 7. A compound according to embodiment 6 wherein R1 is selected from
Figure imgf000029_0002
Embodiment 8. A compound according to embodiment 7 wherein R1 is selected from
Figure imgf000029_0003
Embodiment 9. A compound according to embodiment 8 wherein R1 is selected from
Figure imgf000029_0004
Embodiment 10. A compound according to embodiment 9 wherein R1 is selected from
Figure imgf000029_0005
Embodiment 1 1 . A compound according to embodiment 10 wherein R1 is
Figure imgf000030_0001
Embodiment 12. A compound according to embodiment 10 wherein R1 is
Figure imgf000030_0002
Embodiment 13. A compound according to embodiment 10 wherein R1 is
Figure imgf000030_0003
Embodiment 14. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 13 wherein R2 is C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-cycloalkenyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothiofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, tet- rahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, 1 ,4-dioxanyl, 1 ,3-dioxanyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, mor- pholinyl, or piperazinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R30, R31, R32 and R33.
Embodiment 15. A compound according to embodiment 14 wherein R2 is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptyl, cycloheptenyl, cyclooctyl, bicy- clo[3.2.1 ]octyl, bicyclo[2.2.1 ]heptyl, norpinyl, norbonyl, norcaryl, adamantyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothiofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, 1 ,4-dioxanyl, 1 ,3-dioxanyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, or piperazinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R30, R31, R32 and R33. Embodiment 16. A compound according to embodiment 15 wherein R2 is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, bicyclo[3.2.1]octyl, bicyclo[2.2.1 ]heptyl, adamantyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, or piperazinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R30, R31, R32 and R33.
Embodiment 17. A compound according to embodiment 16 wherein R2 is cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, bicyclo[2.2.1 ]heptyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl, tetrahydro- pyranyl, tetrahydrothiopyranyl, piperidyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholinyl, or piperazinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents R30, R31, R32 and R33. Embodiment 18. A compound according to embodiment 17 wherein R2 is selected from
Figure imgf000031_0001
Embodiment 19. A compound according to embodiment 17 wherein R2 is selected from
Figure imgf000031_0002
Embodiment 20. A compound according to embodiment 19 wherein R2 is selected from
Figure imgf000031_0003
Embodiment 21 . A compound according to embodiment 20 wherein R2 is selected from
Figure imgf000031_0004
Embodiment 22. A compound according to embodiment 21 wherein R2 is selected from
Figure imgf000032_0001
Embodiment 23. A compound according to embodiment 22 wherein R is
Figure imgf000032_0002
Embodiment 24. A compound according to embodiment 22 wherein R is
Figure imgf000032_0003
Embodiment 25. A compound according to embodiment 22 wherein R is
Figure imgf000032_0004
Embodiment 26. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 25 wherein R1
Figure imgf000032_0005
and R D2 is cycloheptyl.
Embodiment 27. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 25 wherein R1
Figure imgf000032_0006
and R2 is cyclohexyl.
Embodiment 28. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 27 wherein A is thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, pyrazinyl, pyridyl, benzothiazolyl, 5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopentathiazolyl,
4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-benzothiazolo-pyridyl, 6,7-dihydro-pyranothiazolyl, or 4,5,6,7- tetrahydrobenzothiazolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R7, R8 and R9. Embodiment 29. A compound according to embodiment 28 wherein A is
Figure imgf000033_0001
Embodiment 30. A compound according to embodiment 28 wherein A is thiazolyl or thiadia- zolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R7, R8 and R9.
Embodiment 31 . A compound according to embodiment 30 wherein A is thiazolyl, 1 ,2,4- thiadiazolyl, or 1 ,3,4-thiadiazolyl, optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R7, R8 and R9. Embodiment 32. A compound according to embodiment 31 wherein A is
Figure imgf000033_0002
Embodiment 33. A compound according to embodiment 32 wherein A is
Figure imgf000033_0003
Embodiment 34. A compound according to embodiment 33 wherein A is
Figure imgf000033_0004
Embodiment 35. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 34 wherein at least one of R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 and R33 is independently selected from the group consisting of C3-8-cycloalkyl-C3-6-alkenyl, aryl-C2-6-alkenyl, C3-6-alkenyloxy, C3-8-cycloalkyl-C3- 6-alkenyloxy, aryl-C3-6-alkenyloxy, Cs-s-cycloalkenyl-Ci-e-alkoxy, C3-8-heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkoxy, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Cs-e-alkenyloxy, Ci-e-alkoxy-Cs-e-alkenyloxy, C3-8-alkenyloxy-Ci-6-alkoxy, ary- loxy-Ci-6-alkyl, aryloxy-C3-6-alkenyl, aryl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyloxy-Ci-6- alkyl, aryl-Cs-e-alkenyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, aryl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Cs-e-alkenyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6- alkyloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Cs-e-alkenyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Cs-e- alkenyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-d-e-alkyloxy-d-e-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Cs-e-alkenyloxy-d-e-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Cs-e-alkenyl, C3-6-alkenylthio, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Cs-e-alkenylthio, aryl-C3-6-alkenylthio, heteroaryl-C3-6-alkenylthio, Cs-s-cycloalkenyl-d-e-alkylthio, C3-8- heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkylthio, d-6-alkylthio-C3-6-alkenyloxy, d-6-alkoxy-C3-6-alkenylthio, C3-s- alkenylthio-Ci-6-alkoxy, Cs-s-alkenyloxy-d-e-alkylthio, arylthio-C^e-alkyl, arylthio-C3.6-alkenyl, heteroaryloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroarylthio-Ci.6-alkyl, heteroarylthio-C3-6-alkenyl, aryl-d-e- alkylthio-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-C3-6-alkenylthio-d-6-alkyl, aryl-d-6-alkylthio-C3-6-alkenyl, heteroaryl- Ci-6-alkylthio-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl-C3-6-alkenylthio-d-6 ~alkyl> heteroaryl-d-6-alkylthio-C3.6- alkenyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkylthio-d-e-alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Cs-e-alkenylthio-d-e-alkyl, C3-8- cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Cs-e-alkenyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Ci-e-alkyl, C3-8- heterocyclyl-C3-6-alkenylthio-Ci-6-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Cs-e-alkenyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12.
Embodiment 36. A compound according to embodiment 35 wherein at least one of R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 and R33 is independently selected from the group consisting of C3-8- cycloalkyl-C3-6-alkenyl, aryl-C2-6-alkenyl, C3-6-alkenyloxy, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Cs-e-alkenyloxy, aryl- C3-6-alkenyloxy, Cs-s-cycloalkenyl-Ci-e-alkoxy, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkoxy, C3-8-heterocyclyl- C3-6-alkenyloxy, Ci-e-alkoxy-Cs-e-alkenyloxy, C3-8-alkenyloxy-Ci-6-alkoxy, aryloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, aryloxy-C3-6-alkenyl, aryl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, aryl-C3-6- alkenyloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Cs-e-alkenyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Cs-e-alkenyloxy-d-e-alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Cs-e-alkenyl, C3-8- heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkyloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Cs-e-alkenyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, C3-8- heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkyloxy-C3-6-alkenyl, heteroaryloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-6-alkenylthio, C3-8- cycloalkyl-Cs-e-alkenylthio, aryl-C3.6-alkenylthio, Cs-s-cycloalkenyl-d-e-alkylthio, C3.8- heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkylthio, d-e-alkylthio-d-e-alkenyloxy, Ci-e-alkoxy-Cs-e-alkenylthio, C3-8- alkenylthio-Ci-6-alkoxy, Cs-s-alkenyloxy-Ci-e-alkylthio, arylthio-Ci.6-alkyl, arylthio-C3-6-alkenyl, aryl-d-6-alkylthio-d-e-alkyl, aryl-Cs-e-alkenylthio-Ci-e-alkyl, aryl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Cs-e-alkenyl, C3- 8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkylthio-Ci-6-alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Cs-e-alkenylthio-d-e-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl- Ci-6-alkylthio-C3-6-alkenyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Ci-e-alkyl, C3-8-heterocyclyl-C3-6- alkenylthio-Ci-6-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Cs-e-alkenyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12. Embodiment 37. A compound according to embodiment 36 wherein at least one of R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 and R33 is independently selected from the group consisting of C3-8- cycloalkyl-d-e-alkenyl, aryl-C2-6-alkenyl, C3.6-alkenyloxy, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Cs-e-alkenyloxy, aryl- C3-6-alkenyloxy, Cs-s-cycloalkenyl-Ci-e-alkoxy, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkoxy, C3-8-heterocyclyl- C3-6-alkenyloxy, Ci-e-alkoxy-Cs-e-alkenyloxy, C3-8-alkenyloxy-Ci-6-alkoxy, aryloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, aryloxy-C3-6-alkenyl, aryl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, aryl-C3-6- alkenyloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Cs-e-alkenyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Cs-e-alkenyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkyloxy-Cs-e-alkenyl, C3.8- heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkyloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Cs-e-alkenyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, C3-8- heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkyloxy-C3-6-alkenyl, C3-6-alkenylthio, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Cs-e-alkenylthio, aryl- C3-6-alkenylthio, Cs-s-cycloalkenyl-Ci-e-alkylthio, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkylthio, Ci-6-alkylthio- C3-6-alkenyloxy, Ci-e-alkoxy-Cs-e-alkenylthio, C3-8-alkenylthio-Ci-6-alkoxy, C3-8-alkenyloxy-Ci-6- alkylthio, arylthio-Ci-6-alkyl, arylthio-C3-6-alkenyl, aryl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Ci-e-alkyl, aryl-C3-6- alkenylthio-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Cs-e-alkenyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Ci-e-alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Cs-e-alkenylthio-Ci-e-alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Cs-e-alkenyl, C3-8- heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkylthio-Ci-e-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Cs-e-alkenylthio-Ci-e-alkyl, C3-8- heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkylthio-C3-6-alkenyl, or heteroaryloxy-Ci.6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12.
Embodiment 38. A compound according to embodiment 37 wherein at least one of R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 and R33 is independently selected from the group consisting of C3-6- alkenyloxy, aryloxy-Ci.6-alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyloxy-Ci-6- alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, C3-6-alkenylthio, arylthio-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci- 6-alkylthio-Ci-6-alkyl, or heteroaryloxy-Ci.6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12, and wherein each aryl is phenyl and heteroaryl is pyridyl.
Embodiment 39. A compound according to embodiment 38 wherein at least one of R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 and R33 is independently selected from the group consisting of C3.6- alkenyloxy, phenyloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, benzyloxy-Ci.e-alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl. Embodiment 40. A compound according to embodiment 39 wherein at least one of R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 and R33 is independently selected from the group consisting of C3-6- alkenyloxy, phenyloxy-methyl, benzyloxy-methyl, or cyclopropyl-methoxymethyl. Embodiment 41 . A compound according to any one of the embodiments 35 to 40 wherein, if more than one of R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 and R33 is present, that additional R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 or R33 is independently selected from from the group consisting of
• halogen, oxo, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF3; or
• -NR10R11 ; or
• Ci-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C3.8-cycloalkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl, aryl, aryl-Ci.6-alkyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, Cs-e-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkoxy, aryl-Ci.6-alkoxy, Ci.6-alkylthio, arylthio, -C(O)-O-C1.6-alkyl, or Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12; or • -C(O)-R27, -S(O)2-R27, -C(O)-NR13R14, -S(O)2-NR13R14, -d-6-alkyl-C(O)-NR13R14; or two substituents selected from R3, R4, R5 and R6 or R30, R31, R32 and R33 attached to the same or adjacent atoms together form a radical -O-(CH2)i-3-O-.
Embodiment 42. A compound according to embodiment 41 wherein the additional R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 and R33 are independently selected from the group consisting of
• halogen, oxo, -CF3; or -NR10R11 ; or • Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, Ci-6-alkoxy, C3-6-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkoxy, aryl-Ci-6- alkoxy, Ci_6-alkylthio, aryl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, arylthio, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, or Ci-6- alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12; or
-C(O)-R27, -S(O)2-NR13R14 or -S(O)2-R27; or two substituents selected from R3, R4, R5 and R6 or R30, R31 , R32 and R33 attached to the same or adjacent atoms together form a radical -O-(CH2)i-3-O-.
Embodiment 43. A compound according to embodiment 42 wherein the additional R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 and R33 are independently selected from the group consisting of
• halogen, -CF3; or • methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, terf-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphtyl, benzyl, phenyl-ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, cyclopropyl-methyloxy, benzyloxy, phenylthio, -C(O)-O-CH3, or -C(O)-O-CH2CH3, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12; or • -C(O)-R27, -S(O)2-NR13R14 or -S(O)2-R27; or two substituents selected from R3, R4, R5 and R6 or R30, R31, R32 and R33 attached to the same or adjacent atoms together form a radical O-(CH2)^3-O-.
Embodiment 44. A compound according to embodiment 43 wherein the additional R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 and R33 are independently selected from the group consisting of • halogen, -CF3; or
• methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, terf-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphtyl, benzyl, phenyl-ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, phenylthio, -C(O)-O-CH3, or -C(O)-O-CH2CH3, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12; or • -C(O)-R27, -S(O)2-NR13R14 Or -S(O)2-R27. Embodiment 45. A compound according to embodiment 44 wherein the additional R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 and R33 are independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, -CF3, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, terf-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, -C(O)-R27, - S(O)2-NR13R14 or -S(O)2-R27. Embodiment 46. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 35 to 45 wherein R12 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF3, Ci-e-alkyloxy, C3.8-cycloalkyloxy, aryloxy, aryl-Ci-6- alkyloxy or Ci_6-alkyl.
Embodiment 47. A compound according to embodiment 46 wherein R12 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF3, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, cyclopropyloxy, cyclobutyloxy, cyclopen- tyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, cycloheptyloxy, phenoxy, benzyloxy, phenyl-ethyloxy, phenyl-propoxy, methyl, ethyl or propyl.
Embodiment 48. A compound according to embodiment 47 wherein R12 is halogen, carboxy, ethoxy, propoxy, cyclopropyloxy, cyclobutyloxy, cyclopentyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, cycloheptyloxy, phenoxy, benzyloxy, phenyl-ethyloxy, phenyl-propoxy, methyl, ethyl or propyl. Embodiment 49. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 35 to 48 wherein R10 and R11 independently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, -C(O)-CH3, -C(O)-CH2CH3, -CH2C(O)OH, -CH2CH2C(O)OH, -C(O)-CH2-C(O)OH, -C(O)-CH2CH2-C(O)OH, -S(O)2CH3, or phenyl. Embodiment 50. A compound according to embodiment 49 wherein R10 and R11 independ- ently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, -C(O)-CH3, -CH2C(O)OH, -C(O)-CH2-C(O)OH, -S(O)2CH3, or phenyl.
Embodiment 51 . A compound according to embodiment 50 wherein R10 and R11 independently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or phenyl. Embodiment 52. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 35 to 51 wherein R27 is Ci-6-alkyl, d-e-alkoxy, C2.6-alkenyl, C2.6-alkynyl, C3.8-cycloalkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkyl, aryl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-C2-6-alkenyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-6- alkoxy-Ci-6-alkyl, C1 6-alkylthio-C1 6-alkyl, R10HN-Ci-6-alkyl, R10R11N-Ci-6-alkyl, R10R11N-S(O)2- Ci-6-alkyl, or R10R11N-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12. Embodiment 53. A compound according to embodiment 52 wherein R27 is Ci_6-alkyl, Ci-6- alkoxy, C3.8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-C2.6-alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl- Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-C1.6-alkyl, carboxy-C1.6-alkyl, C1.6-alkoxy-C1.6-alkyl, R10HN-Ci-6-alkyl, R10R11N-Ci-6-alkyl, R10R11N-S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl, or R10R11N-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12. Embodiment 54. A compound according to embodiment 53 wherein R27 is Ci_6-alkyl, C1-6- alkoxy, C3-8-cycloalkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl-d-6-alkyl, aryl-d-6-alkyl, C1. 6-alkoxy-d-e-alkyl, carboxy-d.6-alkyl, or heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12. Embodiment 55. A compound according to embodiment 54 wherein R27 is methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, 1 ,1 ,1 -trifluoroethyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopropylmethyl, phenyl, pyridyl, thiophene, imidazole, or thiazole, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12. Embodiment 56. A compound according to embodiment 55 wherein R27 is methyl, ethyl, pro- pyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, 1 ,1 ,1 -trifluoroethyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopropylmethyl, phenyl, or pyridyl, thiophene, imidazole, or thiazole.
Embodiment 57. A compound according to embodiment 56 wherein R27 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl Embodiment 58. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 35 to 57 wherein R13 and R14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-6-alkyl, hy- droxy-d-6-alkyl, carboxy-d.6-alkyl, phenyl, or naphtyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R15; or R13 and R14 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur.
Embodiment 59. A compound according to embodiment 58 wherein R13 and R14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxy- methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, phenyl, or naphtyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R15; or R13 and R14 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur. Embodiment 60. A compound according to embodiment 59 wherein R13 and R14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, or phenyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R15.
Embodiment 61 . A compound according to any one of the embodiments 35 to 60 wherein R15 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF3, methyl, ethyl, or propyl. Embodiment 62. A compound according to embodiment 61 wherein R15 is halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF3, methyl, or ethyl. Embodiment 63. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 34 wherein R7, R8 and R9 are independently selected from
• halogen, carboxy, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, -CF3 ,-SCN; or
• Ci-e-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, d-e-alkoxy, C^e-alkylthio, d-e-alkylamino, C^e-alkylsulfenyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl,
-Ci-6-alkyl-O-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -NH-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkoxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-e-alkyl-S-Ci-e-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-6-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkoxy, C3-6- cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkylthio each of which is optionally substituted with one or more sub- stituents independently selected from R16; or •aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-d-e-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-Ci-6-alkoxy, heteroaryl-d-e- alkoxy, heteroaryl-thio-Ci.6-alkyl, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylthio, each of which is optionally substituted on the aryl or heteroaryl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R17; or
• C3.8-cycloalkyl, C3.8-cycloalkenyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyl, C3.8-cycloalkenyl-d-6- alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted on the cycloalkyl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R18; or
• Cs-s-heterocyclyl, C3-8-heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclylthio, or -C(O)-C3-8- heterocyclyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16; or --NR19R20, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR19R20, -Ci-6-alkyl-S-R21, -Ci-6-alkyl-S(O)-R21, -Ci_6-alkyl-
S(O)2-R21, -S(O)2-R21 , -S(O)2-N(R19X Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)NR22 R23) or -S(O)2-NR19R20, wherein each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R25; or
• -C(O)NR22R23, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)NR22R23 optionally substituted with one or more sub- stituents independently selected from R26; or two of R7, R8 and R9 can be taken together to form a C2.5-alkylene bridge. Embodiment 64. A compound according to embodiment 63 wherein R7, R8 and R9 are independently selected from
• halogen, carboxy, cyano, or -CF3; or •C1_6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, d-e-alkylthio, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl,
-Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-O-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkoxy-Ci-6-alkyl, C3.8- cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16; or • aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-d-e-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted on the aryl or heteroaryl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R17; or
• Cs-s-cycloalkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted on the cycloalkyl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R18; or
• Cs-s-heterocyclyl, C3-8-heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkyl, or -C(O)-C3-8-heterocyclyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16; or
.-NR19R20, -d-6-alkyl-NR19R20, -S(O)2-R21, -S(O)2-N(R19)(d-6-alkyl-C(O)NR22 R23) or -S(O)2-NR19R20, wherein each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R25; or
• -C(O)NR22R23, -d-6-alkyl-C(O)NR22R23 optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R26; or two of R7, R8 and R9 can be taken together to form a C2.5-alkylene bridge. Embodiment 65. A compound according to embodiment 64 wherein R7, R8 and R9 are independently selected from
• halogen, carboxy or -CF3; or
• d-6-alkyl, d-6-alkoxy, d-e-alkylthio, -d-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-d-6-alkyl, -d-6-alkyl-O-C(O)-d-6-alkyl or -C(O)-O-d-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substi- tuted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16; or
• phenyl, benzyl, or heteroarylthio, wherein heteroaryl is pyridyl or imidazolyl, and wherein each aryl or heteroaryl is optionally substituted on the aryl or heteroaryl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R17; or
• cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl, each of which is optionally substi- tuted on the cycloalkyl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R18; or
• pyrrolidinyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, or morpholinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16; or
• -C(O)NR22R23, -S(O)2-R21, -S(O)2-N(R19)(d-6-alkyl-C(O)NR22 R23) Or -S(O)2-NR19R20; or two of R7, R8 and R9 can be taken together to form a C2.5-alkylene bridge. Embodiment 66. A compound according to embodiment 65 wherein R7, R8 and R9 are independently selected from halogen, carboxy, -CF3, -S-CH3, -S-CH2CH3, -S-CH2CH2CH3, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, terf-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -CH2-O-C(O)-CH3, -CH2-O-C(O)-CH2CH3, -CH2CH2-O-C(O)-CH3, -CH2CH2-O-C(O)-CH2CH3, -C(O)-O-CH3, -C(O)-O-CH2CH3, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16; or heteroarylthio, wherein heteroaryl is pyridyl or imidazolyl, each optionally substituted on the heteroaryl part with one or more substituents independ- ently selected from R17, or pyrrolidinyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, or morpholinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16; or -S(O)2-NR19R20 Or -S(O)2-R21.
Embodiment 67. A compound according to embodiment 66 wherein R7, R8 and R9 are independently selected from Cl, -S-CH3, -S-CH2CH3, -S-CH2CH2CH3, -S-CH(CH3)2, - S-CH2CH(CH3)2, methyl, or ethyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16; -S(O)2-NR19R20 Or -S(O)2-R21. Embodiment 68. A compound according to embodiment 67 wherein R7, R8 and R9 are independently selected from -S-CH3, -S-CH2CH3-S-CH(CH3)2, or -S-CH2CH(CH3)2, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16. Embodiment 69. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 68 wherein R16, R17, and R18 are independently Ci-6-alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, -CF3, carboxy-Ci-6- alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -NR19R20, - C(O)NR19R20 or -S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl. Embodiment 70. A compound according to embodiment 69 wherein R16, R17, and R18 are in- dependently methyl, ethyl, propyl, halogen, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, -CF3, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy-propyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -C(O)-O-CH3, -C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -C(O)-O-CH2CH2CH3, or -S(O)2CH3. Embodiment 71 . A compound according to embodiment 70 wherein R16, R17, and R18 are in- dependently methyl, ethyl, propyl, halogen, oxo, carboxy, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy-propyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -C(O)-O-CH3, -C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -C(O)-O-CH2CH2CH3, or -S(O)2CH3. Embodiment 72. A compound according to embodiment 69 wherein R16, R17, and R18 are in- dependently methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, halogen, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, -CF3, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy-propyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -C(O)-O-CH3, -C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -C(O)-O-CH2CH2CH3, or -S(O)2CH3. Embodiment 73. A compound according to embodiment 72 wherein R16, R17, and R18 are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, halogen, oxo, carboxy, carboxy- methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy-propyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -C(O)-O-CH3, -C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -C(O)-O-CH2CH2CH3, or -S(O)2CH3.
Embodiment 74. A compound according to embodiment 69 wherein R16, R17, and R18 are independently Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy, -NR19R20, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -S(O)2CH3 or -C(O)NR19R20. Embodiment 75. A compound according to embodiment 74 wherein R16, R17, and R18 are carboxy. Embodiment 76. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 75 wherein R19 and R20 independently represent hydrogen, Ci_6-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, phenyl, naphtyl, C3.8-cycloalkyl, C3.8-heterocyclyl, phenyl-Ci.6-alkyl, C3-8-heterocyclyl-Ci-6- alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR22R23 or -S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24; or R19 and R20 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24. Embodiment 77. A compound according to embodiment 76 wherein R19 and R20 independently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy- propyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl, phenyl, C3.8-cycloalkyl, phenyl-Ci-6- alkyl, C3-8-heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6- alkyl-NR22R23, -S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl or naphtyl, or R19 and R20 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24. Embodiment 78. A compound according to embodiment 76 wherein R19 and R20 independ- ently represent hydrogen, Ci_6-alkyl, -S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl, or R19 and R20 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24. Embodiment 79. A compound according to embodiment 78 wherein R19 and R20 independently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or propyl, -S(O)2-CH3, or R19 and R20 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, wherein the heterocyclic ring is pyrrolidyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, ho- mopiperazinyl, or morpholinyl, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24.
Embodiment 80. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 79 wherein R21 is selected from
• d-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR22R23 or hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl; or ^phenyl, naphtyl, or phenyl-d-e-alkyl, wherein the aryl part is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24; or
• Cs-s-cycloalkyl, or Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkyl.
Embodiment 81 . A compound according to embodiment 80 wherein R21 is selected from
• methyl, ethyl, propyl, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy-propyl, hy- droxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl; or
• phenyl, naphtyl, or phenyl-d-e-alkyl, wherein the aryl part is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24; or
• C3-8-cycloalkyl, or C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyl.
Embodiment 82. A compound according to embodiment 81 wherein R21 is selected from • methyl, ethyl, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy-propyl; or
• phenyl, naphtyl, or phenyl-d-e-alkyl, wherein the aryl part is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24.
Embodiment 83. A compound according to embodiment 82 wherein R21 is selected from carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, or carboxy-propyl. Embodiment 84. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 83 wherein R22 and R23 are independently selected from hydrogen, Ci_6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, hydroxy-d- 6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, phenyl, naphtyl, or R22 and R23 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24. Embodiment 85. A compound according to embodiment 84 wherein R22 and R23 are independently selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, carboxymethyl, carboxyethyl, carboxypropyl, hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, phenyl, naphtyl, or R22 and R23 together with the nitro- gen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, wherein the heterocyclic ring is pyrrolidyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, or morpholinyl, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24. Embodiment 86. A compound according to embodiment 85 wherein R22 and R23 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, wherein the heterocyclic ring is pyrrolidyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, or morpholinyl, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24. Embodiment 87. A compound according to embodiment 85 wherein R22 and R23 is selected from methyl, ethyl or propyl.
Embodiment 88. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 87 wherein R24 is halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, Ci_6-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-Ci-6- alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-heterocyclyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8- heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci.6-alkyl-aryl, or -S(O)2R28, wherein aryl is phenyl or naphtyl, and heteroaryl is pyridyl or pyrimidyl, and wherein each cyclic moiety is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R29. Embodiment 89. A compound according to embodiment 88 wherein R24 is halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, Ci-e-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci.6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci.6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl,
-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8- heterocyclyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, or -S(O)2R28, wherein aryl is phenyl or naphtyl, and heteroaryl is pyridyl or pyrimidyl, and wherein each cyclic moiety is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R29. Embodiment 90. A compound according to embodiment 89 wherein R24 is halogen, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, d-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl, aryl-Ci-6- alkyl, C3.8-cycloalkyl, C3.8-heterocyclyl, C3.8-heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkyl, or -S(O)2R28, wherein aryl is phenyl or naphtyl, and wherein each cyclic moiety is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R29. Embodiment 91 . A compound according to embodiment 88 wherein R24 is halogen, carboxy, d-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, or -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl.
Embodiment 92. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 91 wherein R25 and R26 are independently Ci-6-alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, or -CF3. Embodiment 93. A compound according to embodiment 92 wherein R25 and R26 are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, or -CF3. Embodiment 94. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 93 wherein R28 is Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, phenyl, phenyl-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl optionally substituted with Ci-6-alkyl or -N(CH3)2, wherein heteroaryl is imidazolyl, pyridyl or pyrimidyl. Embodiment 95. A compound according to embodiment 94 wherein R28 is Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6- alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, or -N(CH3)2.
Embodiment 96. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 95 wherein R29 is halogen, carboxy, -CF3, Ci_6-alkyl, or Ci-e-alkoxy.
Embodiment 97. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 1 to 34 wherein R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 and R33 are independently selected from the group consisting of • halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, -CF3; or
• -NR10R11 ; or
•C1.6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C2-6-alkynyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci.6-alkyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, C3-6-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkoxy, aryl-Ci-6- alkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, Ci_6-alkylthio, aryl- thio, heteroarylthio, C3.8-cycloalkylthio, aryl-Ci.6-alkylthio, heteroaryl-Ci.6-alkylthio, Ci-
6-alkylsulfenyl, Cs-e-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkylthio, Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-e-alkoxy- C1.6-alkyl, Ci-6-alkylthio-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyloxy, amino-Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-6- alkylamino-Ci-6-alkyl, di-(Ci-6-alkyl)amino-Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-e-alkylsulfamoyl, di(Ci-6- alkyl)sulfamoyl, Ci-e-alkylsulfinamoyl or di(Ci-6-alkyl)sulfinamoyl each of which is op- tionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12; or
• -C(O)-R27, -S(O)2-R27, -C(O)-NR13R14, -S(O)2-NR13R14, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-NR13R14; or
• two substituents selected from R3, R4, R5 and R6 or R30, R31, R32 and R33 attached to the same or adjacent atoms together form a radical -O-(CH2)i-3-O-; and
R10 and R11 independently represent hydrogen, Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)OH, -S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl, or aryl; and
R27 is Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, C2.6-alkenyl, C2.6-alkynyl, C3.8-cycloalkyl, C3.8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6- alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-C^e-alkenyl, aryl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, aryloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-C2-6-alkenyl, het- eroaryl, C3-8-heterocyclyl, heteroaryl-Ci.6-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, heteroaryloxy-Ci-6- alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-C2-6-alkenyl, Ci-6-alkoxy-Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-6-alkoxy-C2-6-alkenyl, d-6-alkylthio-d-e-alkyl, R10HN-Ci-6-alkyl, R10R11-N-Ci-6-alkyl, R10R11-N-C2-6-alkenyl, R10R11-N- S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl, R10R11-N-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-NH-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-C(O)-NH-Ci-6- alkyl, heteroaryl-C(O)-NH-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-C(O)-NH-Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-6-alkyl-S(O)2-NH- d-6-alkyl, aryl-S(O)2-NH-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl-S(O)2-NH-Ci-6-alkyl, or C3-8-cycloalkyl-S(O)2- NH-d-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12; and
R12 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy, -CF3, Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-6-alkoxy, - NR10R11, -S(O)2CH3, or -S(O)2NH2; and
R13 and R14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, Ci_6-alkyl, hy- droxy-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci.6-alkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R15; or R13 and R14 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur; and
R15 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF3, Ci-e-alkyl, -S(O)2CH3, or -S(O)2NH2; and
At least one of R7, R8 and R9 is independently selected from
• Ci-6-alkoxy, Ci.6-alkylthio, C2.6-alkenylthio each of which is substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16; or • -NR19R20, -d-6-alkyl-NR19R20, -C2-6-alkenyl-NR19R20, -d-6-alkyl-S-R21, -Ci-6- alkyl-S(O)-R21, -d-6-alkyl-S(O)2-R21, -S(O)2-R21 ,,-S(O)2-NR19R20 or -
S(O)2NR19(Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)NR22R23), wherein each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R25;
If more than one R7, R8 and R9 is present, that additional one or more of R7, R8 and R9 may additionally be independently selected from
• halogen, carboxy, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, -CF3 ,-SCN; or
• d-6-alkyl, C2.6-alkenyl, C2.6-alkynyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, Ci-e-alkylthio, C2.6- alkenylthio, Ci-e-alkylamino, Ci_6-alkylsulfenyl, -C(0)-0-Ci-6-alkyl, formyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-O-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -NH-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-β-alkoxy-Ci-β-alkyI, -d-β-alkyl-S-d-β-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-e- alkyl, or hydroxy-Ci.6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R40; or
• aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-C1-6-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-e-alkyl, aryl-Ci-e-alkoxy, het- eroaryl-Ci-6-alkoxy, aryl-Ci-6-alkylthio, heteroaryl-Ci-e-alkylthio, heteroaryl-thio-Ci- 6-alkyl, heteroaryl-oxy-Ci-6-alkyl, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, arylthio, heteroarylthio, aryl-d-6-alkylamino, -C(O)-aryl, or -C(O)-heteroraryl, each of which is optionally substituted on the aryl or heteroaryl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R41 ; or
• C3.8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-cycloalkenyl, Cs-s-cycloalkylthio, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6- alkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkenyl-Ci-e-alkyl, C3-6-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkoxy, C3-6-cycloalkyl-Ci-6- alkylthio, each of which is optionally substituted on the cycloalkyl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R42; or
• Cs-s-heterocyclyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkylthio, Cs-s-heterocyclylthio, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-amino-Ci-e-alkyl, or -C(O)-C3.8- heterocyclyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R40; or
-NR43R44, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR43R44, -C2-6-alkenyl-NR43R44, -Ci-6-alkyl-S-R45, -Ci-6- alkyl-S(O)-R45, -Ci-6-alkyl-S(O)2-R45, -S(O)2-R45, -S(O)2-N(R43)( Ci-6-alkyl- C(O)NR46R47) or -S(O)2-NR43R44, wherein each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R49; or
-C(O)NR46R47, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)NR46R47 -Ci-6-alkyl-NH-NR46R47 -C1_6_alkyl-NH-C(O)-C1_6_alkyl-NNR46R47, each optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R50; and
R16 is -NR19R20, -NHS(O)2CF3, -NHS(O)2CH2CF3, -C(O)NR19R20, -S(O)2CF3, -S(O)2CH2CF3, or -S(O)2NR19R20; and
R19 represents hydrogen, Ci_6-alkyl, C2.6-alkenyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyl, hy- droxy-Ci-6-alkyl, hydroxy-C2.6-alkenyl, carboxy-Ci.6-alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C3.8-heterocyclyl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, Ca-β-heterocyclyl-d-β-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR22R23, or -S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24; and
R20 represents C2-6-alkenyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl each of which is option- ally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24; and
R21 is selected from
• C3-8-cycloalkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl , C2-6-alkenyl , carboxy-Ci- 6-alkyl, Ci-6-alkylamino-Ci-6-alkyl or hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR22R23 which is substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24; or
• Cs-s-cycloalkyl, C3-8-cycloalkenyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8- cycloalkenyl-d-e-alkyl which is substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24; and
R22 and R23 are independently selected from hydrogen, Ci-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci.6-alkyl, hydroxy- d-e-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8- cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; or R22 and R23 together with the nitrogen to which they are at- tached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24; and
R24 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, Ci-e-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci.6-alkyl, car- boxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-C3-8-cycloalkyl, -C(O)-aryl, -C(O)-heteroaryl, -C(O)- C3-8-heterocyclyl -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-Ci-6- alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-heterocyclyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyl, C3.8- heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-C3-8-heterocyclyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl-aryl, -NH-S(O)2R28, or -S(O)2R28, wherein each cyclic moiety is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R29; and
R25 is Ci-e-alkyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -CF3, -S(O)2CH3, or -S(O)2NH2; and
R28 is d-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, aryl, aryl- Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl optionally substituted with Ci_6-alkyl, -NH2, or -N(CH3)2; and
R29 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, Ci_6-alkyl, or Ci-e-alkoxy; and
R40, R41, and R42 are independently Ci_6-alkyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-NR43R44, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -NR43R44, -NHS(O)2Ci-6-alkyl, -NHS(O)2CF3, -NHS(O)2CH2CF3, -C(O)NR43R44, -S(O)2Ci-6-alkyl, -S(O)2CF3, -S(O)2CH2CF3 or -S(O)2NR43R44; and R43 and R44 independently represent hydrogen, Ci_6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8- cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci.6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci.6-alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C3-8-heterocyclyl, aryl-d e-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR46R47, or -S(O)2-C1.6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R48, or R43 and R44 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R48; and
R45 is selected from
• Ci-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl , carboxy-Ci.6-alkyl, Ci-6-alkylamino-Ci-6-alkyl or hy- droxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR46R47; or • aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, or heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyl, wherein the aryl or heteroaryl part is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R48; or
• C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3.8-cycloalkenyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl, C3-8- cycloalkenyl-Ci-6-alkyl; and
R46 and R47 are independently selected from hydrogen, Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, hydroxy- d-e-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8- cycloalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; or R46 and R47 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R48; and
R48 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, Ci_6-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl, car- boxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-C3-8-cycloalkyl, -C(O)-aryl, -C(O)-heteroaryl, -C(O)- C3-8-heterocyclyl -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkylI aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-Ci-6- alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci.6-alkyl, C3.8-cycloalkyl, C3.8-heterocyclyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl, C3.8- heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-C3-8-heterocyclyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl-aryl, -NH-S(O)2R52, or -S(O)2R52, wherein each cyclic moiety is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R53; and R49 and R50 are independently Ci_6-alkyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -CF3, -S(O)2CH3, or -S(O)2NH2; and
R52 is d-6-alkyl, carboxy-d-e-alkyl, -C1.6-alkyl-C(O)-O-C1.6-alkyl, C3.8-cycloalkyl, aryl, aryl- Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl optionally substituted with Ci-e-alkyl, -NH2, or -N(CH3)2; and R53 is halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, Ci_6-alkyl, or Ci-e-alkoxy. Embodiment 98. A compond according to embodiment 97 wherein at least one of R7, R8 and R9 is independently selected from •C1_6-alkoxy, Ci_6-alkylthio, each of which is substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16; or
• -NR19R20, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR19R20, -Ci-6-alkyl-S-R21, -Ci-6-alkyl-S(O)2-R21, -S(O)2-R21, -S(O)2-NR19R20 or -S(O)2NR19(Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)NR22R23), wherein each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R25. Embodiment 99. A compond according to embodiment 98 wherein at least one of R7, R8 and R9 is independently selected from
• Ci-e-alkoxy, Ci.6-alkylthio, each of which is substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16; or
• -d_6-alkyl-S-R21, -Ci-6-alkyl-S(O)2-R21, -S(O)2-R21, -S(O)2-NR19R20 or -S(O)2NR19(Ci- 6-alkyl-C(O)NR22R23), wherein each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R25.
Embodiment 100. A compond according to embodiment 99 wherein at least one of R7, R8 and R9 is independently selected from
•d-e-alkoxy, Ci.6-alkylthio, each of which is substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16; or
• -S(O)2-R21, -S(O)2-NR19R20, or -S(O)2NR19(Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)NR22R23), wherein each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R25.
Embodiment 101 . A compond according to embodiment 10O wherein at least one of R7, R8 and R9 is independently selected from Ci-6-alkylthio substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16, or -S(O)2-R21, -S(O)2-NR19R20, or -S(O)2NR19(Ci-6-alkyl- C(O)NR22R23), wherein each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R25.
Embodiment 102. A compond according to embodiment 101 wherein at least one of R7, R8 and R9 is independently selected from -S-CH3, -S-CH2CH3, -S-CH2CH2CH3 each of which is substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16, or -S(O)2-R21, -S(O)2-NR19R20, or -S(O)2NR19(CH3)-C(O)NR22R23)
Embodiment 103. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 102 wherein, if more than one of R7, R8, or R9 is present, that additional one or more of R7, R8, and R9 is independently selected from from the group consisting of
• halogen, carboxy, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, -CF3 ,-SCN; or
• Ci-e-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, C2-6-alkynyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, Ci_6-alkylthio, C2.6- alkenylthio, Ci-6-alkylamino, Ci.6-alkylsulfenyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, formyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl,
Figure imgf000051_0001
-NH-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-e-alkoxy-Ci-e-alkyl, -Ci-e-alkyl-S-Ci-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6- alkyl, or hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R40; or
• aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-d-e-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-Ci-6-alkoxy, het- eroaryl-Ci-6-alkoxy, aryl-Ci-6-alkylthio, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkylthio, heteroaryl-thio-Ci- 6-alkyl, heteroaryl-oxy-Ci-6-alkyl, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, arylthio, heteroarylthio, aryl-Ci-6-alkylamino, -C(O)-aryl, or -C(O)-heteroraryl, each of which is optionally substituted on the aryl or heteroaryl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R41 ; or
• C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3.8-cycloalkenyl, C3.8-cycloalkylthio, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6- alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkenyl-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-6-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkoxy, C3-6-cycloalkyl-Ci-6- alkylthio, each of which is optionally substituted on the cycloalkyl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R42; or
• C3.8-heterocyclyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, C3-8-heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkylthio, Cs-s-heterocyclylthio, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-amino-Ci-e-alkyl, or -C(O)-C3-8- heterocyclyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R40; or
-NR43R44, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR43R44, -C2-6-alkenyl-NR43R44, -Ci-6-alkyl-S-R45, -Ci-6- alkyl-S(O)-R45, -Ci-6-alkyl-S(O)2-R45, -S(O)2-R45, -S(O)2-N(R43X Ci_6-alkyl- C(O)NR46R47) or -S(O)2-NR43R44, wherein each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R49; or
-C(O)NR46R47, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)NR46R47 -Ci-6-alkyl-NH-NR46R47 -Ci-6-alkyl-NH-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl-NR46R47, each optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R50.
Embodiment 104. A compound according to embodiment 103 wherein the additional one or more of R7, R8, and R9 is independently selected from • halogen, carboxy, cyano, nitro, hydroxy, -CF3 ,-SCN; or
• Ci-6-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, Ci-6-alkylthio, Ci-6-alkylamino, Ci-6- alkylsulfenyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-O-C(O)-C1_6-alkyl, -NH-C(O)-C1-6-alkyl, -d-β-alkoxy-d-β-alkyl, -Ci-e-alkyl-S-Ci-e-alkyl, Ca-β-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyI, C3-6-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkoxy, C3-6- cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkylthio each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R40; or
• aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-C1-6-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-Ci-6-alkoxy, het- eroaryl-Ci-6-alkoxy, heteroaryl-thio-Ci-6-alkyl, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, heteroaryl- thio, each of which is optionally substituted on the aryl or heteroaryl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R42; or
• C3.8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-cycloalkenyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl, C3.8- cycloalkenyl-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted on the cycloalkyl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R42; or • Cs-8-heterocyclyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, C3-8-heterocyclylthio, or -C(O)-
C3-8-heterocyclyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R40; or
-NR43R44, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR43R44, -Ci-6-alkyl-S-R45, -Ci-6-alkyl-S(O)-R45, -Ci-6- alkyl-S(O)2-R45, -S(O)2-R45 or -S(O)2-NR43R44, wherein each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R49; or
-C(O)NR46R47, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)NNR46R47 optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R50; or two of R7, R8 and R9 can be taken together to form a C2.5-alkylene bridge. Embodiment 105. A compound according to embodiment 104 wherein the additional one or more of R7, R8, and R9 is independently selected from
• halogen, carboxy, cyano, or -CF3; or
• d-β-alkyl, C2-6-alkenyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, Ci-6-alkylthio, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-O-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkoxy-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substi- tuted with one or more substituents independently selected from R40; or
• aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-C1-6-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted on the aryl or heteroaryl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R41 ; or • C3-8-cycloalkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted on the cycloalkyl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R42; or
• Cs-s-heterocyclyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, or -C(O)-C3.8-heterocyclyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R40; or
-NR43R44, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR43R44, -S(O)2-R45 or -S(O)2-NR43R44, wherein each alkyl part may be substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R49; or • -C(O)NR46R47, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)NR46R47 optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R50; or two of R7, R8 and R9 can be taken together to form a C2.5-alkylene bridge. Embodiment 106. A compound according to embodiment 105 wherein the additional one or more of R7, R8, and R9 is independently selected from • halogen, carboxy or -CF3; or
• d-β-alkyl, Ci-6-alkoxy, Ci-6-alkylthio, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-O-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl or -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R40; or
• phenyl, benzyl, or heteroarylthio, wherein heteroaryl is pyridyl or imidazolyl, and wherein each aryl or heteroaryl is optionally substituted on the aryl or heteroaryl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R41 ; or
• cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl, each of which is optionally substituted on the cycloalkyl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R42; or • pyrrolidinyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, or morpholinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R40; or
-C(O)NR46R47, -S(O)2-R45 or -S(O)2-NR43R44; or two of R7, R8 and R9 can be taken together to form a C2.5-alkylene bridge. Embodiment 107. A compound according to embodiment 106 wherein the additional one or more of R7, R8, and R9 is independently selected from halogen, carboxy, -CF3, -S-CH3,
-S-CH2CH3, -S-CH2CH2CH3, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, terf-butyl, methoxy, eth- oxy, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -CH2-O-C(O)-CH3, -CH2-O-C(O)-CH2CH3, -CH2CH2-O-C(O)-CH3, -CH2CH2-O-C(O)-CH2CH3, -C(O)-O-CH3, -C(O)-O-CH2CH3, each of which is optionally sub- stituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R40; or heteroarylthio, wherein heteroaryl is pyridyl or imidazolyl, each optionally substituted on the heteroaryl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R41, or pyrrolidinyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, or morpholinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R40, -S(O)2-R45, or -S(O)2-NR43R44. Embodiment 108. A compound according to embodiment 107 wherein the additional one or more of R7, R8, and R9 is independently selected from halogen, -S-CH3, -S-CH2CH3, -S-CH2CH2CH3, methyl, or ethyl, -S(O)2-R45, or -S(O)2-NR43R44.
Embodiment 109. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 108 wherein R40, R41, and R42 are independently Ci_6-alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, -CF3, carboxy- Ci-6-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -NR43R44, - C(O)NR43R44 or -S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl.
Embodiment 1 10. A compound according to embodiment 109 wherein R40, R41, and R42 are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, halogen, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, -CF3, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy-propyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -C(O)-O-CH3, -C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -C(O)-O-CH2CH2CH3, or -S(O)2CH3. Embodiment 1 11 . A compound according to embodiment 110 wherein R40, R41 , and R42 are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, halogen, oxo, carboxy, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy-propyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -C(O)-O-CH3, -C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -C(O)-O-CH2CH2CH3, or -S(O)2CH3.
Embodiment 1 12. A compound according to embodiment 1 11 wherein R40, R41 , and R42 are independently Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy, -NR43R44, -C(O)-O-d-6-alkyl or -C(O)NR43R44. Embodiment 1 13. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 1 12 wherein R19, R43 and R44 independently represent hydrogen, C1-6-alkyl, hydroxy-C1-6-alkyl, C3-8- cycloalkyl, Cs-β-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyI, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, phenyl, naphtyl, C3-8-heterocyclyl, phenyl-Ci-6-alkyl, Ca-e-heterocyclyl-d-e-alkyl, -C(O)-O-d-6-alkyl, -d-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-d-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR46R47 or -S(O)2-d-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R48; or R43 and R44 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R48. Embodiment 1 14. A compound according to embodiment 113 wherein R19, R43 and R44 inde- pendently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy- propyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl, phenyl, phenyl-d-e-alkyl, C3-8- heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl,
Figure imgf000055_0001
-Ci-6-alkyl-NR46R47, -S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl or naphtyl, or R43 and R44 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R48.
Embodiment 1 15. A compound according to embodiment 114 wherein R19, R43 and R44 independently represent hydrogen, Ci_6-alkyl, -S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl or R43 and R44 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R48. Embodiment 1 16. A compound according to embodiment 115 wherein R19, R43 and R44 inde- pendently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or propyl, -S(O)2-CH3 or R43 and R44 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, wherein the heterocyclic ring is pyrrolidyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, ho- mopiperazinyl, or morpholinyl, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R48. Embodiment 1 17. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 1 16 wherein R45 is selected from
• d-β-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-NR46R47 or hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl; or
• phenyl, naphtyl, or phenyl-d.e-alkyl, wherein the aryl part is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R48; or •C3.8-cycloalkyl, or Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkyl.
Embodiment 1 18. A compound according to embodiment 117 wherein R45 is selected from
• methyl, ethyl, propyl, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy-propyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl; or
• phenyl, naphtyl, or phenyl-d_6-alkyl, wherein the aryl part is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R48; or
• Cs-s-cycloalkyl, or Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkyl.
Embodiment 1 19. A compound according to embodiment 118 wherein R45 is selected from
• methyl, ethyl, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy-propyl; or
• phenyl, naphtyl, or phenyl-d_6-alkyl, wherein the aryl part is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R48. Embodiment 120. A compound according to embodiment 119 wherein R45 is selected from carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy-propyl.
Embodiment 121 . A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 120 wherein R46 and R47 are independently selected from hydrogen, Ci-6-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy- d-e-alkyl, -C1_6-alkyl-C(O)-O-C1_6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-d_6-alkyl, C3_8-cycloalkyl, phenyl, naphtyl, or R46 and R47 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R48. Embodiment 122. A compound according to embodiment 121 wherein R46 and R47 are independently selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, carboxymethyl, carboxyethyl, carboxypropyl, hydroxymethyl, ethoxypropyl, hydroxypropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, phenyl, naphtyl, or R46 and R47 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitro- gen atom, wherein the heterocyclic ring is pyrrolidyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, or morpholinyl, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R48.
Embodiment 123. A compound according to embodiment 122 wherein R46 and R47 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, wherein the heterocyclic ring is pyrrolidyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, or morpholinyl, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R48.
Embodiment 124. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 123 wherein R48 is halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, Ci_6-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-d_6-alkyl, -C1_6-alkyl-C(O)-O-C1_6-alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-d-e- alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-heterocyclyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkyl, C3-8- heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl-aryl, or -S(O)2R52, wherein aryl is phenyl or naphtyl, and heteroaryl is pyridyl or pyrimidyl, and wherein each cyclic moiety is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R53. Embodiment 125. A compound according to embodiment 124 wherein R48 is halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, d-6-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci.6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-d-e-alkyl, heteroaryl-d_6-alkyl, C3.8-cycloalkyl, C3.8- heterocyclyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-d-e-alkyl, or -S(O)2R52, wherein aryl is phenyl or naphtyl, and heteroaryl is pyridyl or pyrimidyl, and wherein each cyclic moiety is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R53. Embodiment 126. A compound according to embodiment 125 wherein R48 is halogen, car- boxy, oxo, -CF3, Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl, aryl- Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-heterocyclyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, or -S(O)2R52, wherein aryl is phenyl or naphtyl, and wherein each cyclic moiety is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R53.
Embodiment 127. A compound according to embodiment 126 wherein R48 is halogen, car- boxy, oxo, Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl.
Embodiment 128. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 127 wherein R49 and R50 are independently Ci_6-alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, or -CF3. Embodiment 129. A compound according to embodiment 128 wherein R49 and R50 are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, or -CF3. Embodiment 130. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 129 wherein R52 is Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, phenyl, phenyl-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl optionally substituted with Ci-6-alkyl or -N(CH3)2, wherein heteroaryl is imidazolyl, pyridyl or pyrimidyl. Embodiment 131 . A compound according to embodiment 130 wherein R52 is Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6- alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, or -N(CH3)2.
Embodiment 132. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 131 wherein R53 is halogen, carboxy, -CF3, Ci-e-alkyl, or Ci-e-alkoxy. Embodiment 133. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 132 wherein R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 and R33 are independently selected from from the group consisting of
• halogen, oxo, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF3; or
• -NR10R11 ; or
•C1.6-alkyl, C2.6-alkenyl, C3.8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl, aryl-Ci.6-alkyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, C3-6-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkoxy, aryl-Ci-6-alkoxy, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkoxy, Ci-6- alkylthio, aryloxy, arylthio, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, or Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12; or
• -C(O)-R27, -S(O)2-R27, -C(O)-NR13R14, -S(O)2-NR13R14, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-NR13R14; or two substituents selected from R3, R4, R5 and R6 or R30, R31 , R32 and R33 attached to the same or adjacent atoms together form a radical -O-(CH2)i-3-O-.
Embodiment 134. A compound according to embodiment 133 wherein R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 and R33 are independently selected from the group consisting of
• halogen, oxo, -CF3; or • -NR10R11 ; or • C1-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, Ci_6-alkylthio, aryl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl- thio, -C(O)-O-d_6-alkyl, or Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12; or
-C(O)-R27, -S(O)2-NR13R14 or -S(O)2-R27; or two substituents selected from R3, R4, R5 and R6 or R30, R31 , R32 and R33 attached to the same or adjacent atoms together form a radical -O-(CH2)i-3-O-.
Embodiment 135. A compound according to embodiment 134 wherein R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 and R33 are independently selected from the group consisting of
• halogen, -CF3; or • methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, terf-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphtyl, benzyl, phenyl-ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, phenylthio, -C(O)-O-CH3, or -C(O)-O-CH2CH3, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12; or
-C(O)-R27, -S(O)2-NR13R14 or -S(O)2-R27; or two substituents selected from R3, R4, R5 and R6 or R30, R31 , R32 and R33 attached to the same or adjacent atoms together form a radical -O-(CH2)i-3-O-.
Embodiment 136. A compound according to embodiment 135 wherein R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 and R33 are independently selected from the group consisting of
• halogen, -CF3; or • methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, terf-butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, naphtyl, benzyl, phenyl-ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, phenylthio, -C(O)-O-CH3, or -C(O)-O-CH2CH3, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12; or
-C(O)-R27, -S(O)2-NR13R14 Or -S(O)2-R27. Embodiment 137. A compound according to embodiment 136 wherein R3, R4, R5, R6, R30, R31, R32 and R33 are independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, -CF3, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, terf-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, -C(O)-R27, -S(O)2- NR13R14 Or -S(O)2-R27.
Embodiment 138. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 137 wherein R12 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF3, Ci-e-alkyloxy, C3.8-cycloalkyloxy, aryloxy, aryl- Ci-6-alkyloxy or Ci_6-alkyl.
Embodiment 139. A compound according to embodiment 138 wherein R12 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF3, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, cyclopropyloxy, cyclobutyloxy, cyclopen- tyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, cycloheptyloxy, phenyloxy, phenyl-methoxy, phenyl-ethyloxy, phenyl- propoxy, methyl, ethyl or propyl. Embodiment 140. A compound according to embodiment 139 wherein R12 is halogen, car- boxy, ethoxy, propoxy, cyclopropyloxy, cyclobutyloxy, cyclopentyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, cyclo- heptyloxy, phenyloxy, phenyl-methoxy, phenyl-ethyloxy, phenyl-propoxy, methyl, ethyl or propyl. Embodiment 141 . A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 140 wherein R10 and R11 independently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, -C(O)-CH3, -C(O)-CH2CH3, -CH2C(O)OH, -CH2CH2C(O)OH, -C(O)-CH2-C(O)OH, -C(O)-CH2CH2-C(O)OH, -S(O)2CH3, or phenyl. Embodiment 142. A compound according to embodiment 141 wherein R10 and R11 inde- pendently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, -C(O)-CH3, -CH2C(O)OH, -C(O)-CH2-C(O)OH, -S(O)2CH3, or phenyl.
Embodiment 143. A compound according to embodiment 142 wherein R10 and R11 independently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or phenyl. Embodiment 144. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 143 wherein R27 is Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-e-alkoxy, C2-6-alkenyl, C2-6-alkynyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6- alkyl, aryl, aryl-Ci.6-alkyl, aryl-C2.6-alkenyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-Ci.6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci.6-alkyl, Ci-6-alkoxy-Ci-6-alkyl, C1 6-alkylthio-C1 6-alkyl, R10HN-Ci-6-alkyl, R10R11N-Ci-6-alkyl, R10R11N- S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl, or R10R11N-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12. Embodiment 145. A compound according to embodiment 144 wherein R27 is Ci-6-alkyl, C1-6- alkoxy, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-C2-6-alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroaryl- Ci-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, Ci-6-alkoxy-Ci-6-alkyl, R10HN-Ci-6-alkyl, R10R11N-Ci-6-alkyl, R10R11N-S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl, or R10R11N-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12. Embodiment 146. A compound according to embodiment 145 wherein R27 is C^-alkyl, Ci-6- alkoxy, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, Ci- 6-alkoxy-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-e-alkyl, or heteroaryl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12. Embodiment 147. A compound according to embodiment 146 wherein R27 is methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, 1 ,1 ,1 -trifluoroethyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopropylmethyl, phenyl, pyridyl, thiophene, imidazole, or thiazole, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12.
Embodiment 148. A compound according to embodiment 147 wherein R27 is methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, 1 ,1 ,1 -trifluoroethyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopropylmethyl, phenyl, or pyridyl, thiophene, imidazole, or thiazole. Embodiment 149. A compound according to embodiment 148 wherein R27 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl.
Embodiment 150. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 149 wherein R13 and R14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, Ci-6-alkyl, hy- droxy-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-C^-e-alkyl, phenyl, or naphtyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R15; or R13 and R14 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur. Embodiment 151 . A compound according to embodiment 150 wherein R13 and R14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxy- methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, phenyl, or naphtyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R15; or R13 and R14 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered het- erocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur. Embodiment 152. A compound according to embodiment 151 wherein R13 and R14 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, or phenyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R15.
Embodiment 153. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 152 wherein R15 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF3, methyl, ethyl, or propyl. Embodiment 154. A compound according to embodiment 153 wherein R15 is halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF3, methyl, or ethyl. Embodiment 155. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 154 wherein R16 is -NR19R20, -NHS(O)2CF3, -NHS(O)2CH2CF3, or -C(O)NR19R20.
Embodiment 156. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 155 wherein R20 represents C3-8-cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24. Embodiment 157. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 156 wherein R21 is selected from
• C3-8-cycloalkyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-Ci-e-alkyl, carboxy-Ci.6-alkyl, hy- droxy-Ci-6-alkyl, or -Ci-6-alkyl-NR22R23 which is substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24. Embodiment 158. A compound according to embodiment 157 wherein R21 is C3.8-cycloalkyl. Embodiment 159. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 158 wherein R22 and R23 are independently selected from hydrogen, Ci_6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, hydroxy- d-e-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, phenyl, naphtyl, or R22 and R23 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, the heterocyclic ring optionally containing one or two further heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24. Embodiment 160. A compound according to embodiment 159 wherein R22 and R23 are independently selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, carboxymethyl, carboxyethyl, carboxypropyl, hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, phenyl, naphtyl, or R22 and R23 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, wherein the heterocyclic ring is pyrrolidyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, or morpholinyl, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24.
Embodiment 161 . A compound according to embodiment 160 wherein R22 and R23 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, wherein the heterocyclic ring is pyrrolidyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, or morpholinyl, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24.
Embodiment 162. A compound according to embodiment 160 wherein R22 and R23 are independently hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or propyl.
Embodiment 163. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 162 wherein R24 is halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, Ci_6-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-d_6-alkyl, -C1_6-alkyl-C(O)-O-C1_6-alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-d-e- alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-heterocyclyl, Cs-s-cycloalkyl-d-e-alkyl, C3-8- heterocyclyl-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl-aryl, or -S(O)2R28, wherein aryl is phenyl or naphtyl, and heteroaryl is pyridyl or pyrimidyl, and wherein each cyclic moiety is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R29. Embodiment 164. A compound according to embodiment 163 wherein R24 is halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, Ci-e-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci.6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-e-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-d-e-alkyl, heteroaryl-d-e-alkyl, C3.8-cycloalkyl, C3.8- heterocyclyl, C3.8-cycloalkyl-d-6-alkyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-d-e-alkyl, or -S(O)2R28, wherein aryl is phenyl or naphtyl, and heteroaryl is pyridyl or pyrimidyl, and wherein each cyclic moiety is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R29. Embodiment 165. A compound according to embodiment 164 wherein R24 is halogen, car- boxy, oxo, -CF3, Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl, aryl- Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8-heterocyclyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, or -S(O)2R28, wherein aryl is phenyl or naphtyl, and wherein each cyclic moiety is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R29.
Embodiment 166. A compound according to embodiment 165 wherein R24 is carboxy, oxo, Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl, aryl-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl, C3-8- heterocyclyl, Cs-s-heterocyclyl-Ci-e-alkyl, or -S(O)2R28, wherein aryl is phenyl or naphtyl, and wherein each cyclic moiety is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independ- ently selected from R29.
Embodiment 167. A compound according to embodiment 166 wherein R24 is carboxy. Embodiment 168. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 167 wherein R25 is independently Ci_6-alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, or -CF3. Embodiment 169. A compound according to embodiment 168 wherein R25 is independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, halogen, hydroxy, carboxy, or -CF3.
Embodiment 170. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 169 wherein R28 is d-e-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci-e-alkyl, phenyl, phenyl-Ci-6-alkyl, heteroaryl optionally substituted with Ci-6-alkyl or -N(CH3)2, wherein heteroaryl is imidazolyl, pyridyl or pyrimidyl. Embodiment 171 . A compound according to embodiment 170 wherein R28 is Ci-6-alkyl, car- boxy-Ci-6-alkyl, or -N(CH3)2.
Embodiment 172. A compound according to any one of the embodiments 97 to 171 wherein R29 is halogen, carboxy, -CF3, Ci-e-alkyl, or Ci-e-alkoxy.
In one aspect the invention provides a compound which is 1 ,1 -Dicyclopentyl-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea
1 -Cyclopentyl-1 -((R,S)-3,5-dimethyl-cyclohexyl)-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea
1 -(1 ,4-Dioxa-spiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)-1 -(4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea
1 -Cyclopentyl-1 -(1 ,4-dioxa-spiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea
1 -(4-Methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-(5-methyl-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -(4-oxo-cyclohexyl)-urea Ethyl {2-[3-dicyclohexylureido]-5-[4-methylpiperazin-1 -yl]-thiazol-4-yl}-acetate
1 ,1 -Dicyclohexyl-3-(5-imidazol-1 -yl-thiazol-2-yl)-urea
3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 ,1 -bis-(tetrahydro-pyran-4-yl)-urea
3-[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazol-4-ylmethylsulfanyl]-propionic acid
[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazol-4-ylmethanesulfonyl]-acetic acid
1 -(4-Amino-cyclohexyl)-1 -cyclohexyl-3-(5-methyl-thiazol-2-yl)-urea
1 -(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -cyclopentyl-S-thiazol^-yl-urea
trans-3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -cyclohexyl-1 -[1 -(3-phenyl-acryloyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-urea
3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -cyclohexyl-1 -[1 -(2-phenoxy-acetyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-urea
1 -(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-3-(5-chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -cycloheptyl-urea
3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -(1 -methanesulfonyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)- urea
3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -(1 -ethanesulfonyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -( frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)- urea
3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -cyclohexyl-1 -[1 -(propane-1 -sulfonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-urea
2-[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl]-2-methyl-propionic acid
2-[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl]-propionic acid
[2-(3-Cyclohex-3-enyl-3-cyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl]-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(1 -dimethylsulfamoyl-piperidin-4-yl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid 3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[1 -(morpholine-4-carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)- propionic acid
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[1 -(morpholine-4-carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)- acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(1 -dimethylsulfamoyl-piperidin-4-yl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(1 -dimethylcarbamoyl-piperidin-4-yl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(1 -dimethylcarbamoyl-piperidin-4-yl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
6-{4-[3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -cyclohexyl-ureido]-piperidin-1 -yl}-6-oxo-hex-3-enoic acid
1 -(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-[5-(2-oxo-2-piperidin-1 -yl- ethylsulfanyl)-thiazol-2-yl]-urea
2-{2-[3-(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- Λ/,Λ/-diethyl-acetamide
1 -(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-{5-[2-(4-methyl-piperazin-1 -yl)-2- oxo-ethylsulfanyl]-thiazol-2-yl}-urea
1 -(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-{5-[2-oxo-2-(4-pyrimidin-2-yl- piperazin-1 -yl)-ethylsulfanyl]-thiazol-2-yl}-urea
1 -(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid {2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-isopropyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-isopropyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
{2-[3-(frans-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclopentyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-(frans-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3- frans-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3- frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid 3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-(frans-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclopentyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-(frans-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-(frans-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
2-{2-[3-(frans-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclopentyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl- propionic acid
2-{2-[3-(frans-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl- propionic acid
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-cyclopropylmethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- acetic acid
3-{2-[-3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-cyclopropylmethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid 3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)- acetic acid
3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)- propionic acid
{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-cyclopropylmethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid
2-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2- methyl-propionic acid
[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid
{2-[3-(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-acetic acid
2-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans~4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid
2-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid {2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-acetic acid
3-[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-propionic acid
{[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonyl]-methyl-amino}-acetic acid
({2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-methyl-amino)- acetic acid
(S)-1 -[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonyl]-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
(S)-1 -{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-pyrrolidine- 2-carboxylic acid
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-isobutoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl- propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-isobutoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid 2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl- propionic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl-propionic acid
2-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl-propionic acid
(E)-6-[4-(1 -Cyclohexyl-3-thiazol-2-yl-ureido)-piperidin-1 -yl]-6-oxo-hex-3-enoic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-isopropyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-isopropyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-propionic acid
({2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-methyl-amino)- acetic acid
{2-[3-(frans-4-tert-Butoxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid {2-[3-(frans-4-tøAt-Butoxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-(frans-4-tøAt-Butoxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-(frans-4-tøAt-Butoxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
{2-[3-(frans-4-Benzyloxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-(frans-4-Benzyloxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-(frans-4-Benzyloxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-(frans-4-Benzyloxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-2-methyl- propionic acid
(R)-1 -{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-pyrrolidine- 2-carboxylic acid
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-2- methyl-propionic acid
(R)-1 -{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-pyrrolidine- 2-carboxylic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-isopropoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-isopropoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid 3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-isopropoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-isopropoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[4-(frans-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[4-(frans-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid
(2-{3-Cycloheptyl-3-[4-(frans-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
3-(2-{3-Cycloheptyl-3-[4-(frans-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[4-(frans-2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
(2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetyl)- methanesulfonamide
2-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[4-(frans-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid
2-(2-{3-Cycloheptyl-3-[4-(frans-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(c/s-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid {2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(pyridin-2-yloxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(pyridin-2-yloxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)- propionic acid
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)- acetic acid
2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonic acid methylamide
In another aspect the invention provides a compound which is
2-(3,3-Dicyclohexylureido)-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylic acid (2-hydroxyethyl)amide
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[-4-(2-methyl-allyloxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(2-methyl-allyloxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)- propionic acid
2-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(2-methyl-allyloxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)- 2-methyl-propionic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-cyclopropylmethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5- ylsulfanylj-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-cyclopropylmethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5- ylsulfanylj-propionic acid (2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[4-(frans-4-methoxy-phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(4-fluoro-phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(4-imidazol-1 -yl-phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
2-({2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-methyl- amino)-N,N-diethyl-acetamide
1 -{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}- cyclobutanecarboxylic acid
1 -{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}- cyclopropanecarboxylic acid
1 -{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}- cyclobutanecarboxylic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-cyclopropylmethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5- ylsulfanylj-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-cyclopropylmethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5- ylsulfanylj-acetic acid
{2-[3-(frans-4-Benzyloxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- acetic acid
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- acetic acid
(2-{3-Cycloheptyl-3-[frans-4-(4-methoxy-phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid (2-{3-Cycloheptyl-3-[frans-4-(4-fluoro-phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
(2-{3-Cycloheptyl-3-[frans-4-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(4-methoxy-phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid
3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(4-fluoro-phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-cyclopropylmethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl-propionic acid
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-N,N- diethyl-acetamide
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-N- methyl-acetamide
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-N- isopropyl-acetamide
2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonic acid (2- morpholin-4-yl-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide
nother aspect the invention provides a compound which is 1 ,1 -Dicyclopentyl-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea
1 -Cyclopentyl-1 -((R,S)-3,5-dimethyl-cyclohexyl)-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea
1 -(1 ,4-Dioxa-spiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)-1 -(4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea
1 -Cyclopentyl-1 -(1 ,4-dioxa-spiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea
1 -(4-Methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-(5-methyl-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -(4-oxo-cyclohexyl)-urea
Ethyl {2-[3-dicyclohexylureido]-5-[4-methylpiperazin-1 -yl]-thiazol-4-yl}-acetate
1 ,1 -Dicyclohexyl-3-(5-imidazol-1 -yl-thiazol-2-yl)-urea
3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 ,1 -bis-(tetrahydro-pyran-4-yl)-urea
3-[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazol-4-ylmethylsulfanyl]-propionic acid
[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazol-4-ylmethanesulfonyl]-acetic acid
1 -(4-Amino-cyclohexyl)-1 -cyclohexyl-3-(5-methyl-thiazol-2-yl)-urea
1 -(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -cyclopentyl-S-thiazol^-yl-urea
trans-3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -cyclohexyl-1 -[1 -(3-phenyl-acryloyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-urea
3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -cyclohexyl-1 -[1 -(2-phenoxy-acetyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-urea
1 -(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-3-(5-chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -cycloheptyl-urea
3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -(1 -methanesulfonyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)- urea
3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -(1 -ethanesulfonyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -( frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)- urea 3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -cyclohexyl-1 -[1 -(propane-1 -sulfonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-urea
2-[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl]-2-methyl-propionic acid
2-[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl]-propionic acid
[2-(3-Cyclohex-3-enyl-3-cyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl]-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(1 -dimethylsulfamoyl-piperidin-4-yl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[1 -(morpholine-4-carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)- propionic acid
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[1 -(morpholine-4-carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)- acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(1 -dimethylsulfamoyl-piperidin-4-yl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(1 -dimethylcarbamoyl-piperidin-4-yl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(1 -dimethylcarbamoyl-piperidin-4-yl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
6-{4-[3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -cyclohexyl-ureido]-piperidin-1 -yl}-6-oxo-hex-3-enoic acid
1 -(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-[5-(2-oxo-2-piperidin-1 -yl- ethylsulfanyl)-thiazol-2-yl]-urea
2-{2-[3-(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- Λ/,Λ/-diethyl-acetamide 1 -(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-{5-[2-(4-methyl-piperazin-1 -yl)-2- oxo-ethylsulfanyl]-thiazol-2-yl}-urea
1 -(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-{5-[2-oxo-2-(4-pyrimidin-2-yl- piperazin-1 -yl)-ethylsulfanyl]-thiazol-2-yl}-urea
1 -(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-isopropyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-isopropyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid {2-[3-(frans-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclopentyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-(frans-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3- frans-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3- frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-(frans-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclopentyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-(frans-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-(frans-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
2-{2-[3-(frans-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclopentyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl- propionic acid
2-{2-[3-(frans-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl- propionic acid
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-cyclopropylmethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- acetic acid 3-{2-[-3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-cyclopropylmethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)- acetic acid
3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)- propionic acid
{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-cyclopropylmethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid 2-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2- methyl-propionic acid
[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid
{2-[3-(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-acetic acid
2-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans~4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid
2-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-acetic acid
3-[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-propionic acid
{[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonyl]-methyl-amino}-acetic acid
({2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-methyl-amino)- acetic acid
(S)-1 -[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonyl]-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
(S)-1 -{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-pyrrolidine- 2-carboxylic acid
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-isobutoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid 2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl- propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-isobutoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl- propionic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl-propionic acid
2-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl-propionic acid
(E)-6-[4-(1 -Cyclohexyl-3-thiazol-2-yl-ureido)-piperidin-1 -yl]-6-oxo-hex-3-enoic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-isopropyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-isopropyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid {2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-propionic acid
({2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-methyl-amino)- acetic acid
{2-[3-(frans-4-tert-Butoxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-(frans-4-tøAt-Butoxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-(frans-4-tøAt-Butoxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-(frans-4-tøAt-Butoxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
{2-[3-(frans-4-Benzyloxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-(frans-4-Benzyloxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-(frans-4-Benzyloxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-(frans-4-Benzyloxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-2-methyl- propionic acid
(R)-1 -{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-pyrrolidine- 2-carboxylic acid 2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-2- methyl-propionic acid
(R)-1 -{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-pyrrolidine- 2-carboxylic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-isopropoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-isopropoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-isopropoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans-4-isopropoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[4-(frans-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[4-(frans-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid
(2-{3-Cycloheptyl-3-[4-(frans-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
3-(2-{3-Cycloheptyl-3-[4-(frans-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[4-(frans-2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
(2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetyl)- methanesulfonamide 2-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[4-(frans-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid
2-(2-{3-Cycloheptyl-3-[4-(frans-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(c/s-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(pyridin-2-yloxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(pyridin-2-yloxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)- propionic acid
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)- acetic acid
2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonic acid methylamide
2-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl- propionic acid
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl- propionic acid
2-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans^-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl- propionic acid In another embodiment, the present invention provides a novel pharmaceutical composition, comprising: a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a compound of the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
In another embodiment, the present invention provides a novel method of treating type 2 diabetes, comprising: administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention.
In one aspect the invention provides a method of preventing hypoglycaemia comprising ad- ministration of a compound according to the present invention.
In another aspect the invention provides the use of a compound according to the present invention for the preparation of a medicament for the prevention of hypoglycaemia.
In another aspect the invention provides a compound as described herein, which is an agent useful for the treatment of an indication selected from the group consisting of hyperglycemia, IGT, insulin resistance syndrome, syndrome X, type 2 diabetes, type 1 diabetes, dyslipide- mia, hypertension, and obesity.
In another aspect the invention provides a compound which is
5-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-[1 ,3,4]thiadiazole-2-sulfonic acid me- thylamide
{5-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-[1 ,3,4]thiadiazole-2-sulfonylamino}- acetic acid ({5-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-[1 ,3,4]thiadiazole-2-sulfonyl}-methyl- amino)-acetic acid
2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-4-methyl-thiazole-5-sulfonic acid me- thylamide
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-4-methyl-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}- acetic acid
({2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-4-methyl-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-methyl- amino)-acetic acid
1 -Cyclohexyl-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-[5-(piperidine-1 -sulfonyl)-[1 ,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl]- urea 5-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-[1 ,3,4]thiadiazole-2-sulfonic acid (2- methoxy-ethyl)-amide
5-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-[1 ,3,4]thiadiazole-2-sulfonic acid iso- propylamide 5-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-[1 ,3,4]thiadiazole-2-sulfonic acid phenylamide
1 -Cyclohexyl-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-[5-(piperidine-1 -sulfonyl)-thiazol-2-yl]-urea 2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonic acid isopropylamide 1 -Cyclohexyl-3-[5-(c/s-2,6-dimethyl-piperidine-1 -sulfonyl)-thiazol-2-yl]-1 -(frans-4-methyl- cyclohexyl)-urea
2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonic acid tert-butylamide
In another aspect the invention provides a compound as described herein for use as a me- dicament.
In another aspect the invention provides a compound as described herein for treatment of hyperglycemia, for treatment of IGT, for treatment of Syndrome X, for treatment of type 2 diabetes, for treatment of type 1 diabetes, for treatment of dyslipidemia, for treatment of hy- perlipidemia, for treatment of hypertension, for treatment of obesity, for lowering of food intake, for appetite regulation, for regulating feeding behaviour, or for enhancing the secretion of enteroincretins, such as GLP-1 .
In another aspect the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising, as an active ingredient, at least one compound as described herein together with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients.
In one embodiment such a pharmaceutical composition may be in unit dosage form, comprising from about 0.05 mg to about 1000 mg, preferably from about 0.1 mg to about 500 mg and especially preferred from about 0.5 mg to about 200 mg of the compound according to the present invention.
In another aspect the invention provides the use of a compound according to the invention for increasing the activity of glucokinase. In another aspect the invention provides the use of a compound according to the invention for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of metabolic disorders, for blood glucose lowering, for the treatment of hyperglycemia, for the treatment of IGT, for the treatment of Syndrome X, for the treatment of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, for the treatment of type 1 diabetes, for delaying the progression of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) to type 2 diabetes, for delaying the progression of non-insulin requiring type 2 diabetes to insulin requiring type 2 diabetes, for the treatment of dyslipidemia, for the treatment of hyperlipidemia, for the treatment of hypertension, for lowering of food intake, for appetite regulation, for the treatment of obesity, for regulating feeding behaviour, or for en- hancing the secretion of enteroincretins.ln another aspect the invention provides the use of a compound according to the invention for the preparation of a medicament for the adjuvant treatment of type 1 diabetes for preventing the onset of diabetic complications.
In another aspect the invention provides the use of a compound according to the invention for the preparation of a medicament for increasing the number and/or the size of beta cells in a mammalian subject, for treatment of beta cell degeneration, in particular apoptosis of beta cells, or for treatment of functional dyspepsia, in particular irritable bowel syndrome. In one embodiment the invention provides any of the above uses in a regimen which comprises treatment with a further antidiabetic agent.
In a further aspect the invention provides the use of a compound according to the invention or a pharmaceutical composition as described above for the treatment of metabolic disorders, for blood glucose lowering, for the treatment of hyperglycemia, for treatment of IGT, for treatment of Syndrome X, for the treatment of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), for treatment of type 2 diabetes,for treatment of type 1 diabetes, for delaying the progression of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) to type 2 diabetes, for delaying the progression of non-insulin requiring type 2 diabetes to insulin requiring type 2 diabetes, for treatment of dyslipidemia, for treatment of hyperlipidemia, for treatment of hypertension, for the treatment or prophylaxis of obesity, for lowering of food intake, for appetite regulation, for regulating feeding behaviour, or for enhancing the secretion of enteroincretins.
In a further aspect the invention provides the use of a compound according to the invention or a pharmaceutical composition as described above for the adjuvant treatment of type 1 diabetes for preventing the onset of diabetic complications. In a further aspect the invention provides the use of a compound according to the invention or a pharmaceutical composition as described above for increasing the number and/or the size of beta cells in a mammalian subject, for treatment of beta cell degeneration, in particular apoptosis of beta cells, or for treatment of functional dyspepsia, in particular irritable bowel syndrome.
In another embodiment the invention provides a for the treatment of a glucokinase-deficiency mediated condition/disease which is caused by a glucokinase mutation.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method wherein the glucokinase-deficiency mediated condition/disease is Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young, Neonatal Diabetes MeI- litus, or Persistent Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method for preventing or ameliorating the development of diabetes in subjects exhibiting symptoms of Impaired Glucose Tolerance, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Cushings syndrome or Metabolic Syndrome comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method for preventing or ameliorating microvascular diseases comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method for preventing macrovascular diseases in subjects exhibiting symptoms of Impaired Glucose Tolerance, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, or Metabolic Syndrome, comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, alone or in combination with lipid-lowering drugs, wherein blood glucose normalization oc- curs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method for the preservation of beta-cell mass and function comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glu- cose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia. In another embodiment the invention provides a method for preventing amyloid beta peptide induced cell death comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glu- cose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method wherein the subject is a veterinary subject.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method wherein a compound according to the invention is administered as a food additive.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method for the treatment of hepatic conditions benefiting from blood glucose normalization comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method for the treatment of hepatic conditions benefiting from improved liver function comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method for the treatment of hyperglycemic conditions that result from critical illness, or as a consequence of therapeutic intervention comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method for the treatment of hepatic condi- tions that result from critical illness like cancer, or are a consequence of therapy, for example cancer therapy or HIV-treatment, comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method of treatment adjuvant to insulin in insulin-requiring diabetes type 2, or as replacement for insulin comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method for the treatment of lipodistrophy comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method for the treatment of hyperglycemia resulting from severe physical stress without signs of liver failure comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method wherein the severe physical stress is multiple trauma, or diabetic ketoacidosis.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method for preventing apoptotic liver dam- age comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method for preventing hypoglycemia comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the in- vention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method for increasing beta-cell mass and function comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound accord- ing to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method of preventing type 1 diabetes comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the in- vention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method of preserving and/or increasing beta-cell mass and function in patients having undergone pancreatic islet transplantation comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method of improving glucose control during and after surgery comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method of improving liver function and /or survival in patients undergoing liver transplantation comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof. In another embodiment hereof the invention provides a method wherein the administration occurs before, during or after transplantation, or any combination thereof.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method of obtaining blood glucose normali- zation comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein blood glucose normalization occurs with reduced risk of hypoglycemia.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method of preventing or ameliorating dia- betic late complications comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method of treating type 1 or 2 diabetes comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein the treatment does not result in a weight gain.
In another embodiment the invention provides a method of preventing diabetic ketoacidosis comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound according to the invention or pharmaceutical composition thereof. COMBINATION TREATMENT
In a further aspect of the present invention the present compounds are administered in com- bination with one or more further active substances in any suitable ratios. Such further active agents may be selected from antidiabetic agents, antihyperlipidemic agents, antiobesity agents, antihypertensive agents and agents for the treatment of complications resulting from or associated with diabetes. Suitable antidiabetic agents include insulin, GLP-1 (glucagon like peptide-1 ) derivatives such as those disclosed in WO 98/08871 (Novo Nordisk A/S), which is incorporated herein by reference, as well as orally active hypoglycemic agents.
Suitable orally active hypoglycemic agents preferably include imidazolines, sulfonylureas, biguanides, meglitinides, oxadiazolidinediones, thiazolidinediones, insulin sensitizers, α- glucosidase inhibitors, agents acting on the ATP-dependent potassium channel of the pan- creatic β-cells eg potassium channel openers such as those disclosed in WO 97/26265, WO 99/03861 and WO 00/37474 (Novo Nordisk A/S) which are incorporated herein by reference, potassium channel openers, such as ormitiglinide, potassium channel blockers such as nateglinide or BTS-67582, glucagon antagonists such as those disclosed in WO 99/01423 and WO 00/39088 (Novo Nordisk A/S and Agouron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.), all of which are incorporated herein by reference, GLP-1 agonists such as those disclosed in WO 00/42026 (Novo Nordisk A/S and Agouron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.), which are incorporated herein by reference, DPP-IV (dipeptidyl peptidase-IV) inhibitors, PTPase (protein tyrosine phosphatase) inhibitors, inhibitors of hepatic enzymes involved in stimulation of gluconeogenesis and/or glycogenosis, glucose uptake modulators, GSK-3 (glycogen synthase kinase-3) in- hibitors, compounds modifying the lipid metabolism such as antihyperlipidemic agents and antilipidemic agents, compounds lowering food intake, and PPAR (peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor) and RXR (retinoid X receptor) agonists such as ALRT-268, LG-1268 or LG-1069.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the present compounds are administered in combination with a sulphonylurea eg tolbutamide, chlorpropamide, tolazamide, glibencla- mide, glipizide, glimepiride, glicazide or glyburide.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the present compounds are administered in combination with a biguanide eg metformin. In one embodiment of the present invention, the present compounds are administered in combination with a meglitinide eg repaglinide or senaglinide/nateglinide. In one embodiment of the present invention, the present compounds are administered in combination with a thiazolidinedione insulin sensitizer eg troglitazone, ciglitazone, pioglita- zone, rosiglitazone, isaglitazone, darglitazone, englitazone, CS-011 /CI-1037 or T 174 or the compounds disclosed in WO 97/41097 (DRF-2344), WO 97/41119, WO 97/41120, WO 00/41121 and WO 98/45292 (Dr. Reddy's Research Foundation), which are incorporated herein by reference. In one embodiment of the present invention the present compounds may be administered in combination with an insulin sensitizer eg such as Gl 262570, YM-440, MCC-555, JTT-501 , AR-H039242, KRP-297, GW-409544, CRE-16336, AR-H049020, LY510929, MBX-102, CLX- 0940, GW-501516 or the compounds disclosed in WO 99/19313 (NN622/DRF-2725), WO 00/50414, WO 00/63191 , WO 00/63192, WO 00/63193 (Dr. Reddy's Research Foundation) and WO 00/23425, WO 00/23415, WO 00/23451 , WO 00/23445, WO 00/23417, WO 00/23416, WO 00/63153, WO 00/63196, WO 00/63209, WO 00/63190 and WO 00/63189 (Novo Nordisk A/S), which are incorporated herein by reference. In one embodiment of the present invention the present compounds are administered in combination with an α-glucosidase inhibitor eg voglibose, emiglitate, miglitol or acarbose. In one embodiment of the present invention the present compounds are administered in combination with a glycogen phosphorylase inhibitor eg the compounds described in WO 97/09040 (Novo Nordisk A/S).
In one embodiment of the present invention the present compounds are administered in combination with an agent acting on the ATP-dependent potassium channel of the pancreatic β-cells eg tolbutamide, glibenclamide, glipizide, glicazide, BTS-67582 or repaglinide. In one embodiment of the present invention the present compounds are administered in combination with nateglinide.
In one embodiment of the present invention the present compounds are administered in combination with an antihyperlipidemic agent or a antilipidemic agent eg cholestyramine, colestipol, clofibrate, gemfibrozil, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, probucol or dextrothy- roxine.
Furthermore, the compounds according to the invention may be administered in combination with one or more antiobesity agents or appetite regulating agents. Such agents may be selected from the group consisting of CART (cocaine amphetamine regulated transcript) agonists, NPY (neuropeptide Y) antagonists, MC3 (melanocortin 3) agonists, MC4 (melanocortin 4) agonists, orexin antagonists, TNF (tumor necrosis factor) agonists, CRF (corticotropin releasing factor) agonists, CRF BP (corticotropin releasing factor binding protein) antagonists, urocortin agonists, β3 adrenergic agonists such as CL- 316243, AJ-9677, GW-0604, LY362884, LY377267 or AZ-40140, MSH (melanocyte- stimulating hormone) agonists, MCH (melanocyte-concentrating hormone) antagonists, CCK (cholecystokinin) agonists, serotonin reuptake inhibitors (fluoxetine, seroxat or citalopram), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, 5HT (serotonin) agonists, bombesin agonists, galanin antagonists, growth hormone, growth factors such as prolactin or placental lactogen, growth hormone releasing compounds, TRH (thyreotropin releasing hormone) agonists, UCP 2 or 3 (uncoupling protein 2 or 3) modulators, leptin agonists, DA (dopamine) agonists (bromocriptin, doprexin), lipase/amylase inhibitors, PPAR modulators, RXR modulators, TR β agonists, adrenergic CNS stimulating agents, AGRP (agouti related protein) inhibitors, H3 histamine antagonists such as those disclosed in WO 00/42023, WO 00/63208 and WO 00/64884, which are incorporated herein by reference, exendin-4, GLP-1 agonists, ciliary neurotrophic factor, and oxyntomodulin. Further antiobesity agents are bupropion (an- tidepressant), topiramate (anticonvulsant), ecopipam (dopamine D1/D5 antagonist) and naltrexone (opioid antagonist).
In one embodiment of the present invention the antiobesity agent is leptin. In one embodiment of the present invention the antiobesity agent is a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor eg sibutramine. In one embodiment of the present invention the antiobesity agent is a lipase inhibitor eg orl- istat.
In one embodiment of the present invention the antiobesity agent is an adrenergic CNS stimulating agent eg dexamphetamine, amphetamine, phentermine, mazindol phendi- metrazine, diethylpropion, fenfluramine or dexfenfluramine. Furthermore, the present compounds may be administered in combination with one or more antihypertensive agents. Examples of antihypertensive agents are β-blockers such as alpre- nolol, atenolol, timolol, pindolol, propranolol and metoprolol, ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitors such as benazepril, captopril, enalapril, fosinopril, lisinopril, quinapril and ramipril, calcium channel blockers such as nifedipine, felodipine, nicardipine, isradipine, ni- modipine, diltiazem and verapamil, and α-blockers such as doxazosin, urapidil, prazosin and terazosin. Further reference can be made to Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 19th Edition, Gennaro, Ed., Mack Publishing Co., Easton, PA, 1995. In one embodiment of the present invention, the present compounds are administered in combination with insulin, insulin derivatives or insulin analogues. In one embodiment of the invention the insulin is an insulin derivative is selected from the group consisting of B29-Nε-myristoyl-des(B30) human insulin, B29-Nε-palmitoyl-des(B30) human insulin, B29-Nε-myristoyl human insulin, B29-Nε-palmitoyl human insulin, B28-Nε- myristoyl LysB28 ProB29 human insulin, B28-Nε-palmitoyl LysB28 ProB29 human insulin, B30-Nε- myristoyl-ThrB29l_ysB30 human insulin, B30-Nε-palmitoyl-ThrB29l_ysB30 human insulin, B29-Nε- (N-palmitoyl-γ-glutamyl)-des(B30) human insulin, B29-Nε-(N-lithocholyl-γ-glutamyl)-des(B30) human insulin, B29-Nε-(ω-carboxyheptadecanoyl)-des(B30) human insulin and B29-Nε-(ω- carboxyheptadecanoyl) human insulin. In another embodiment of the invention the insulin derivative is B29-Nε-myristoyl-des(B30) human insulin.
In a further embodiment of the invention the insulin is an acid-stabilised insulin. The acid- stabilised insulin may be selected from analogues of human insulin having one of the following amino acid residue substitutions: A21 G A21 G, B28K, B29P A21 G, B28D A21 G, B28E A21 G, B3K, B29E A21 G, desB27 A21 G, B9E A21 G, B9D A21 G, B10E insulin.
In a further embodiment of the invention the insulin is an insulin analogue. The insulin analogue may be selected from the group consisting of
An analogue wherein position B28 is Asp, Lys, Leu, VaI, or Ala and position B29 is Lys or
Pro; and des(B28-B30), des(B27) or des(B30) human insulin.
In another embodiment the analogue is an analogue of human insulin wherein position B28 is Asp or Lys, and position B29 is Lys or Pro. In another embodiment the analogue is des(B30) human insulin.
In another embodiment the insulin analogue is an analogue of human insulin wherein position B28 is Asp. In another embodiment the analogue is an analogue wherein position B3 is Lys and position B29 is GIu or Asp.
In another embodiment the GLP-1 derivative to be employed in combination with a compound of the present invention refers to GLP-1 (1 -37), exendin-4(1 -39), insulinotropic frag- ments thereof, insulinotropic analogues thereof and insulinotropic derivatives thereof. Insulinotropic fragments of GLP-1 (1 -37) are insulinotropic peptides for which the entire sequence can be found in the sequence of GLP-1 (1 -37) and where at least one terminal amino acid has been deleted. Examples of insulinotropic fragments of GLP-1 (1 -37) are GLP-1 (7-37) wherein the amino acid residues in positions 1 -6 of GLP-1 (1 -37) have been deleted, and GLP-1 (7-36) where the amino acid residues in position 1 -6 and 37 of GLP-1 (1 -37) have been deleted. Examples of insulinotropic fragments of exendin-4(1 -39) are exendin-4(1 -38) and exendin-4(1 -31 ). The insulinotropic property of a compound may be determined by in vivo or in vitro assays well known in the art. For instance, the compound may be administered to an animal and monitoring the insulin concentration over time. Insulinotropic analogues of GLP- 1 (1 -37) and exendin-4(1 -39) refer to the respective molecules wherein one or more of the amino acids residues have been exchanged with other amino acid residues and/or from which one or more amino acid residues have been deleted and/or from which one or more amino acid residues have been added with the proviso that said analogue either is insulinotropic or is a prodrug of an insulinotropic compound . Examples of insulinotropic analogues of GLP-1 (1 -37) are e.g. Met8-GLP-1 (7-37) wherein the alanine in position 8 has been replaced by methionine and the amino acid residues in position 1 to 6 have been deleted, and Arg34- GLP-1 (7-37) wherein the valine in position 34 has been replaced with arginine and the amino acid residues in position 1 to 6 have been deleted. An example of an insulinotropic analogue of exendin-4(1 -39) is Ser2Asp3-exendin-4(1 -39) wherein the amino acid residues in position 2 and 3 have been replaced with serine and aspartic acid, respectively (this particular analogue also being known in the art as exendin-3). Insulinotropic derivatives of GLP-1 (1 - 37), exendin-4(1 -39) and analogues thereof are what the person skilled in the art considers to be derivatives of these peptides, i.e. having at least one substituent which is not present in the parent peptide molecule with the proviso that said derivative either is insulinotropic or is a prodrug of an insulinotropic compound. Examples of substituents are amides, carbohydrates, alkyl groups and lipophilic substituents. Examples of insulinotropic derivatives of GLP-1 (1 - 37), exendin-4(1 -39) and analogues thereof are GLP-1 (7-36)-amide, Arg34, Lys26(Nε-(γ- Glu(Nα-hexadecanoyl)))-GLP-1 (7-37) and Tyr31-exendin-4(1 -31 )-amide. Further examples of GLP-1 (1 -37), exendin-4(1 -39), insulinotropic fragments thereof, insulinotropic analogues thereof and insulinotropic derivatives thereof are described in WO 98/08871 , WO 99/43706, US 5424286 and WO 00/09666.
In another aspect of the present invention, the present compounds are administered in combination with more than one of the above-mentioned compounds e.g. in combination with metformin and a sulphonylurea such as glyburide; a sulphonylurea and acarbose; nateglinide and metformin; acarbose and metformin; a sulfonylurea, metformin and troglitazone; insulin and a sulfonylurea; insulin and metformin; insulin, metformin and a sulfonylurea; insulin and troglitazone; insulin and lovastatin; etc.
It should be understood that any suitable combination of the compounds according to the invention with diet and/or exercise, one or more of the above-mentioned compounds and optionally one or more other active substances are considered to be within the scope of the present invention. In one embodiment of the present invention, the pharmaceutical composition according to the present invention comprises e.g. a compound of the invention in combi- nation with metformin and a sulphonylurea such as glyburide; a compound of the invention in combination with a sulphonylurea and acarbose; nateglinide and metformin; acarbose and metformin; a sulfonylurea, metformin and troglitazone; insulin and a sulfonylurea; insulin and metformin; insulin, metformin and a sulfonylurea; insulin and troglitazone; insulin and lovastatin; etc.
PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS
The compounds of the present invention may be administered alone or in combination with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or excipients, in either single or multiple doses. The pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention may be formulated with pharmaceu- tically acceptable carriers or diluents as well as any other known adjuvants and excipients in accordance with conventional techniques such as those disclosed in Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 19th Edition, Gennaro, Ed., Mack Publishing Co., Easton, PA, 1995. The pharmaceutical compositions may be specifically formulated for administration by any suitable route such as the oral, rectal, nasal, pulmonary, topical (including buccal and sublingual), transdermal, intracisternal, intraperitoneal, vaginal and parenteral (including subcutaneous, intramuscular, intrathecal, intravenous and intradermal) route, the oral route being preferred. It will be appreciated that the preferred route will depend on the general condition and age of the subject to be treated, the nature of the condition to be treated and the active ingredient chosen.
Pharmaceutical compositions for oral administration include solid dosage forms such as hard or soft capsules, tablets, troches, dragees, pills, lozenges, powders and granules. Where ap- propriate, they can be prepared with coatings such as enteric coatings or they can be formulated so as to provide controlled release of the active ingredient such as sustained or prolonged release according to methods well known in the art.
Liquid dosage forms for oral administration include solutions, emulsions, aqueous or oily suspensions, syrups and elixirs. Pharmaceutical compositions for parenteral administration include sterile aqueous and nonaqueous injectable solutions, dispersions, suspensions or emulsions as well as sterile powders to be reconstituted in sterile injectable solutions or dispersions prior to use. Depot injectable formulations are also contemplated as being within the scope of the present invention. Other suitable administration forms include suppositories, sprays, ointments, cremes, gels, inhalants, dermal patches, implants etc.
A typical oral dosage is in the range of from about 0.001 to about 100 mg/kg body weight per day, preferably from about 0.01 to about 50 mg/kg body weight per day, and more preferred from about 0.05 to about 10 mg/kg body weight per day administered in one or more dos- ages such as 1 to 3 dosages. The exact dosage will depend upon the frequency and mode of administration, the sex, age, weight and general condition of the subject treated, the nature and severity of the condition treated and any concomitant diseases to be treated and other factors evident to those skilled in the art. The formulations may conveniently be presented in unit dosage form by methods known to those skilled in the art. A typical unit dosage form for oral administration one or more times per day such as 1 to 3 times per day may contain from 0.05 to about 1000 mg, preferably from about 0.1 to about 500 mg, and more preferred from about 0.5 mg to about 200 mg. For parenteral routes such as intravenous, intrathecal, intramuscular and similar administration, typically doses are in the order of about half the dose employed for oral administration. The compounds of this invention are generally utilized as the free substance or as a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Examples are an acid addition salt of a compound having the utility of a free base and a base addition salt of a compound having the utility of a free acid. The term "pharmaceutically acceptable salts" refers to non-toxic salts of the compounds of this invention which are generally prepared by reacting the free base with a suitable or- ganic or inorganic acid or by reacting the acid with a suitable organic or inorganic base. When a compound according to the present invention contains a free base such salts are prepared in a conventional manner by treating a solution or suspension of the compound with a chemical equivalent of a pharmaceutically acceptable acid. When a compound according to the present invention contains a free acid such salts are prepared in a conventional manner by treating a solution or suspension of the compound with a chemical equivalent of a pharmaceutically acceptable base. Physiologically acceptable salts of a compound with a hydroxy group include the anion of said compound in combination with a suitable cation such as sodium or ammonium ion. Other salts which are not pharmaceutically acceptable may be useful in the preparation of compounds of the present invention and these form a further as- pect of the present invention.
For parenteral administration, solutions of the novel compounds of the formula (I) in sterile aqueous solution, aqueous propylene glycol or sesame or peanut oil may be employed. Such aqueous solutions should be suitably buffered if necessary and the liquid diluent first rendered isotonic with sufficient saline or glucose. The aqueous solutions are particularly suit- able for intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous and intraperitoneal administration. The sterile aqueous media employed are all readily available by standard techniques known to those skilled in the art.
Suitable pharmaceutical carriers include inert solid diluents or fillers, sterile aqueous solution and various organic solvents. Examples of solid carriers are lactose, terra alba, sucrose, cyclodextrin, talc, gelatine, agar, pectin, acacia, magnesium stearate, stearic acid and lower alkyl ethers of cellulose. Examples of liquid carriers are syrup, peanut oil, olive oil, phospholipids, fatty acids, fatty acid amines, polyoxyethylene and water. Similarly, the carrier or diluent may include any sustained release material known in the art, such as glyceryl mono- stearate or glyceryl distearate, alone or mixed with a wax. The pharmaceutical compositions formed by combining the novel compounds of the present invention and the pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are then readily administered in a variety of dosage forms suitable for the disclosed routes of administration. The formulations may conveniently be presented in unit dosage form by methods known in the art of pharmacy. Formulations of the present invention suitable for oral administration may be presented as discrete units such as capsules or tablets, each containing a predetermined amount of the active ingredient, and which may include a suitable excipient. Furthermore, the orally available formulations may be in the form of a powder or granules, a solution or suspension in an aqueous or non-aqueous liquid, or an oil-in-water or water-in-oil liquid emulsion. Compositions intended for oral use may be prepared according to any known method, and such compositions may contain one or more agents selected from the group consisting of sweetening agents, flavoring agents, coloring agents, and preserving agents in order to provide pharmaceutically elegant and palatable preparations. Tablets may contain the active ingredient in admixture with non-toxic pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients which are suitable for the manufacture of tablets. These excipients may be for example, inert diluents, such as calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, lactose, calcium phosphate or sodium phosphate; granulating and disintegrating agents, for example corn starch or alginic acid; binding agents, for example, starch, gelatin or acacia; and lubricating agents, for example magnesium stearate, stearic acid or talc. The tablets may be uncoated or they may be coated by known techniques to delay disintegration and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and thereby provide a sustained action over a longer period. For example, a time delay material such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate may be employed. They may also be coated by the techniques described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,356,108; 4,166,452; and 4,265,874, incorporated herein by reference, to form osmotic therapeutic tablets for controlled release. Formulations for oral use may also be presented as hard gelatin capsules where the active ingredient is mixed with an inert solid diluent, for example, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or kaolin, or a soft gelatin capsules wherein the active ingredient is mixed with water or an oil medium, for example peanut oil, liquid paraffin, or olive oil.
Aqueous suspensions may contain the active compounds in admixture with excipients suitable for the manufacture of aqueous suspensions. Such excipients are suspending agents, for example sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, sodium alginate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, gum tragacanth and gum acacia; dispersing or wetting agents may be a naturally-occurring phosphatide such as lecithin, or condensation products of an alkylene oxide with fatty acids, for example polyoxyethylene stearate, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with long chain aliphatic alcohols, for example, heptadecaethyl- eneoxycetanol, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and a hexitol such as polyoxyethylene sorbitol monooleate, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides, for example polyethylene sorbitan monooleate. The aqueous suspensions may also contain one or more coloring agents, one or more flavoring agents, and one or more sweetening agents, such as sucrose or saccharin.
Oily suspensions may be formulated by suspending the active ingredient in a vegetable oil, for example arachis oil, olive oil, sesame oil or coconut oil, or in a mineral oil such as a liquid paraffin. The oily suspensions may contain a thickening agent, for example beeswax, hard paraffin or cetyl alchol. Sweetening agents such as those set forth above, and flavoring agents may be added to provide a palatable oral preparation. These compositions may be preserved by the addition of an anti-oxidant such as ascorbic acid. Dispersible powders and granules suitable for preparation of an aqueous suspension by the addition of water provide the active compound in admixture with a dispersing or wetting agent, suspending agent and one or more preservatives. Suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents are exemplified by those already mentioned above. Additional excipients, for example, sweetening, flavoring, and coloring agents may also be present. The pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention may also be in the form of oil-in- water emulsions. The oily phase may be a vegetable oil, for example, olive oil or arachis oil, or a mineral oil, for example a liquid paraffin, or a mixture thereof. Suitable emulsifying agents may be naturally-occurring gums, for example gum acacia or gum tragacanth, naturally-occurring phosphatides, for example soy bean, lecithin, and esters or partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides, for example sorbitan monooleate, and condensation products of said partial esters with ethylene oxide, for example polyoxyethylene sorbi- tan monooleate. The emulsions may also contain sweetening and flavoring agents.
Syrups and elixirs may be formulated with sweetening agents, for example glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol or sucrose. Such formulations may also contain a demulcent, a preservative and flavoring and coloring agents. The pharmaceutical compositions may be in the form of a sterile injectible aqueous or oleaginous suspension. This suspension may be formulated according to the known methods using suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents described above. The sterile injectable preparation may also be a sterile injectable solution or suspension in a non-toxic parenterally-acceptable diluent or solvent, for example as a solution in 1 ,3-butanediol. Among the acceptable vehicles and solvents that may be employed are water, Ringer's solution, and isotonic sodium chloride solution. In addition, sterile, fixed oils are conveniently employed as solvent or suspending medium. For this purpose, any bland fixed oil may be employed using synthetic mono- or diglycerides. In addition, fatty acids such as oleic acid find use in the preparation of injectables. The compositions may also be in the form of suppositories for rectal administration of the compounds of the present invention. These compositions can be prepared by mixing the drug with a suitable non-irritating excipient which is solid at ordinary temperatures but liquid at the rectal temperature and will thus melt in the rectum to release the drug. Such materials include cocoa butter and polyethylene glycols, for example.
For topical use, creams, ointments, jellies, solutions of suspensions, etc., containing the compounds of the present invention are contemplated. For the purpose of this application, topical applications shall include mouth washes and gargles. The compounds of the present invention may also be administered in the form of liposome delivery systems, such as small unilamellar vesicles, large unilamellar vesicles, and multilamellar vesicles. Liposomes may be formed from a variety of phospholipids, such as cholesterol, stearylamine, or phosphatidylcholines. In addition, some of the compounds of the present invention may form solvates with water or common organic solvents. Such solvates are also encompassed within the scope of the present invention.
Thus, in a further embodiment, there is provided a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to the present invention, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or prodrug therof, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients, or diluents.
If a solid carrier is used for oral administration, the preparation may be tabletted, placed in a hard gelatine capsule in powder or pellet form or it can be in the form of a troche or lozenge. The amount of solid carrier will vary widely but will usually be from about 25 mg to about 1 g. If a liquid carrier is used, the preparation may be in the form of a syrup, emulsion, soft gelatine capsule or sterile injectable liquid such as an aqueous or non-aqueous liquid suspension or solution.
A typical tablet that may be prepared by conventional tabletting techniques may contain: Core: Active compound (as free compound or salt thereof) 5.0 mg
Lactosum Ph. Eur. 67.8 mg
Cellulose, microcryst. (Avicel) 31 .4 mg
Amberlite®IRP88* 1 .0 mg
Magnesii stearas Ph. Eur. q.s.
Coating:
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose approx. 9 mg
Mywacett 9-40 T** approx. 0.9 mg
* Polacrillin potassium NF, tablet disintegrant, Rohm and Haas. ** Acylated monoglyceride used as plasticizer for film coating.
If desired, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may comprise a compound according to the present invention in combination with further active substances such as those described in the foregoing. The present invention also provides a method for the synthesis of compounds useful as intermediates in the preparation of compounds of formula (I) along with methods for the preparation of compounds of formula (I). The compounds can be prepared readily according to the following reaction Schemes (in which all variables are as defined before, unless so specified) using readily available starting materials, reagents and conventional synthesis procedures. In these reactions, it is also possible to make use of variants which are themselves known to those of ordinary skill in this art, but are not mentioned in greater detail.
PHARMACOLOGICAL METHODS
Glucokinase Activity Assay (I) Glucokinase activity is assayed spectrometrically coupled to glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase to determine compound activation of glucokinase. The final assay contains 50 mM Hepes, pH 7.1 , 50 mM KCI, 5 mM MgCI2, 2 mM dithiothreitol, 0.6 mM NADP, 1 mM ATP, 0.195 μM G-6-P dehydrogenase (from Roche, 127 671 ), 15 nM recombinant human glucokinase. The glucokinase is human liver glucokinase N-terminally truncated with an N- terminal His-tag ((HiS)8-VEQILA Q466) and is expressed in E.coli as a soluble protein with enzymatic activity comparable to liver extracted GK.
The purification of His-tagged human glucokinase (hGK) was performed as follows: The cell pellet from 50 ml E. coli culture was resuspended in 5 ml extraction buffer A (25 mM HEPES, pH 8.0, 1 mM MgCI2, 150 mM NaCI, 2 mM mercaptoethanol) with addition of 0.25 mg/ml Iy- sozyme and 50 μg/ml sodium azide. After 5 minutes at room temperature 5 ml of extraction buffer B (1 .5 M NaCI, 100 mM CaCI2, 100 mM MgCI2, 0.02 mg/ml DNase 1 , protease inhibitor tablet (Complete® 1697498): 1 tablet pr. 20 ml buffer) was added. The extract was then cen- trifugated at 15.000 g for 30 minutes. The resulting supernatant was loaded on a 1 ml Metal Chelate Affinity Chromatography (MCAC) Column charged with Ni2+. The column is washed with 2 volumes buffer A containing 20 mM imidazole and the bound his-tagged hGK is subsequently eluted using a 20 minute gradient of 20 to 500 mM imididazol in buffer A. Fractions are examined using SDS-gel-electrophoresis, and fractions containing hGK (MW: 52 KDa) are pooled. Finally a gelfiltration step is used for final polishing and buffer exhange. hGK containing fractions are loaded onto a Superdex 75 (16/60) gelfiltration column and eluted with Buffer B (25 mM HEPES, pH 8.0, 1 mM MgCI2, 150 mM NaCI, 1 mM Dithiothreitol). The purified hGK is examined by SDS-gel electrophoresis and MALDI mass spectrometry and finally 20% glycerol is added before freezing. The yield from 50 ml E. coli culture is generally approximately 2-3 mg hGK with a purity >90%. The compound to be tested is added into the well in final 2.5% DMSO concentration in an amount sufficient to give a desired concentration of compound, for instance 1 , 5, 10, 25 or 50 μM. The reaction starts after glucose is added to a final concentration of 2, 5, 10 or 15 mM. The assay uses a 96-well UV plate and the final assay volume used is 200 μl/well. The plate is incubated at 250C for 5 min and kinetics is measured at 340 nm in SpectraMax every 30 seconds for 5 minutes. Results for each compound are expressed as the fold activation of the glucokinase activity compared to the activation of the glucokinase enzyme in an assay without compound after having been subtracted from a "blank", which is without glucokinase enzyme and without compound. The compounds in each of the Examples exhibits activation of glucokinase in this assay. A compound, which at a concentration of at or below 30 μM gives 1 .5 - fold higher glucokinase activity than the result from the assay without compound, is deemed to be an activator of glucokinase.
The glucose sensitivity of the compounds are measured at a compound concentration of 10 μM and at glucose concentrations of 5 and 15 mM.
Glucokinase Activity Assay (II)
Determination of glycogen deposition in isolated rat hepatocytes:
Hepatocytes are isolated from rats fed ad libitum by a two-step perfusion technique. Cell vi- ability, assessed by trypan blue exclusion, is consistently greater than 80%. Cells are plated onto collagen-coated 96-well plates in basal medium (Medium 199 (5.5 mM glucose) supplemented with 0.1 μM dexamethasone, 100 units/ml penicillin, 100 mg/ml streptomycin, 2 mM L-glutamine and 1 nM insulin) with 4 % FCS at a cell density of 30,000 cells/well. The medium is replaced with basal medium 1 hour after initial plating in order to remove dead cells. Medium is changed after 24 hours to basal medium supplemented with 9.5 mM glucose and 10 nM insulin to induce glycogen synthesis, and experiments are performed the next day. The hepatocytes are washed twice with prewarmed (370C) buffer A (117.6 mM NaCI, 5.4 mM KCI, 0.82 mM Mg2SO4, 1 .5 mM KH2PO4, 20 mM HEPES, 9 mM NaHCO3, 0.1% w/v HSA, and 2.25 mM CaCI2, pH 7.4 at 370C) and incubated in 100 μl buffer A con- taining 15 mM glucose and increasing concentrations of the test compound, such as for instance 1 , 5, 10, 25, 50 or 100 μM, for 180 minutes. Glycogen content is measured using standard procedures(Agius, L.et al, Biochem J. 266, 91 -102 (1990). A compound, which when used in this assay gives an significant increase in glycogen content compared to the result from the assay without compound, is deemed to have activity in this assay.
Glucokinase Activity Assay (III)
Stimulation of insulin secretion by glucokinase activators in INS-1 E cells
5 The glucose responsive β-cell line INS-1 E is cultivated as described by Asfari M et al., Endocrinology, 130, 167-178 (1992). The cells are then seeded into 96 well cell culture plates and grown to a density of approximately 5 x 104 per well. Stimulation of glucose dependent insulin secretion is tested by incubation for 2 hours in Krebs Ringer Hepes buffer at glucose concentrations from 2.5 to 15 mM with or without addition of glucokinase activating compounds 0 in concentrations of for instance 1 , 5, 10, 25, 50 or 100 μM, and the supernatants collected for measurements of insulin concentrations by ELISA (n= 4). A compound, which when used in this assay gives an significant increase in insulin secretion in response to glucose compared to the result from the assay without compound, is deemed to have activity in this assay. 5
While the invention has been described and illustrated with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, effective dosages other than the preferred dosages as set 0 forth herein may be applicable as a consequence of variations in the responsiveness of the mammal being treated for glucokinase-deficiency mediated disease(s). Likewise, the specific pharmacological responses observed may vary according to and depending on the particular active compound selected or whether there are present pharmaceutical carriers, as well as the type of formulation and mode of administration employed, and such expected variations 5 or differences in the results are contemplated in accordance with the objects and practices of the present invention.
EXAMPLES
Abbreviations used in the Schemes and Examples are as follows: O d = day(s) g = gram(s) h = hour(s) MHz = mega hertz
L = liter(s)
M = molar mg = milligram(s) min = minute(s) ml_ = milliliter(s) imM = millimolar mmol = millimole(s) mol = mole(s)
N = normal ppm = parts per million i.v. = intravenous m/z = mass to charge ratio mp = melting point
MS = mass spectrometry
HPLC = high pressure liquid chromatography
HPLC-MS = high pressure liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry
NMR = nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy p.o. = per oral
Rt = retention time
It = room temperature
S. C. = subcutaneous
TLC = thin layer chromatography
BuOK = Potassium tert-butoxide
Boc = terf-Butyloxcarbonyl
CDI = carbonyldiimidazole
DBU = 1 ,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]-undec-7-en
DCM (CH2CI2) = dichloromethane, methylenechloride
DHOBt = 3,4-Dihydro-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-1 ,2,3-benzotriazine
DIC = 1 ,3-Diisopropyl carbodiimide
DCC = 1 ,3-Dicyclohexyl carbodiimide
DIEA = Λ/,Λ/-diisopropylethylamine
DIPEA = Λ/,Λ/-diisopropylethylamine
DMA = Λ/,Λ/-dimethylacetamide
DMAP = 4-(Λ/,Λ/-dimethylamino)pyridine DMF = Λ/,Λ/-dimethylformamide
DMF = Λ/,Λ/-dimethylformamide
DMPU = Λ/,Λ/'-dimethylpropyleneurea, 1 ,3-dimethyl-2-oxohexahydropyrimidine
EDAC = 1 -(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride
Et2O = diethyl ether
EtOAc = ethyl acetate
HMPA = hexamethylphosphoric acid triamide
HOBt = Λ/-Hydroxybenzotriazole
HOAt = 7-Aza-1 -Hydroxybenzotriazole
LAH, (LiAIH4) = Lithiumaluminium hydride
LDA = lithium diisopropylamide
MeCN = acetonitrile
MeOH = methanol
NMP = Λ/-methylpyrrolidin-2-one
NaH = Sodium Hydride
NH2OH = Hydoxylamine
PyBroP = Bromotrispyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate
TEA (Et3N) = triethylamine
TFA = trifluoroacetic acid
THF = tetrahydrofuran
CDCI3 = deuterio chloroform
CD3OD = tetradeuterio methanol
DMSO- 6 = hexadeuterio dimethylsulfoxide
NMR
Proton NMR spectra were recorded at ambient temperature using a Brucker Avance DPX 200 (200 MHz), Brucker Avance DPX 300 (300 MHz) and Brucker Avance DPX 400 (400 MHz) with tetramethylsilane as an internal standard. Chemical shifts (δ) are given in ppm
HPLC-MS
The following instrumentation is used:
Hewlett Packard series 1100 G1312A Bin Pump
Hewlett Packard series 1100 Column compartment
Hewlett Packard series 1100 G1315A DAD diode array detector
Hewlett Packard series 1100 MSD Sedere 75 Evaporative Light Scattering detector The instrument is controlled by HP Chemstation software. The HPLC pump is connected to two eluent reservoirs containing: A: 0.01 % TFA in water
B: 0.01 % TFA in acetonitrile
The analysis is performed at 40 0C by injecting an appropriate volume of the sample (preferably 1 μl) onto the column which is eluted with a gradient of acetonitrile. The HPLC conditions, detector settings and mass spectrometer settings used are given in the following table.
Column Waters Xterra MS C-18 X 3 mm id 5 μm
Gradient 5% - 100% acetonitrile linear during 7.5 min at 1 .5 mL/min Detection 210 nm (analogue output from DAD)
ELS (analogue output from ELS) MS ionisation mode API-ES
Scan 100-1000 amu step 0.1 amu
After the DAD the flow is divided yielding approximately 1 mL/min to the ELS and 0.5 mL/min to the MS.
Preparative HPLC methods HPLC method 1 The RP-purification was performed on a Gilson system (3 Gilson 306 pumps, Gilson 170 DAD detector and a Gilson 215 liquidhandler) using a Waters X-terra RP (10 μm, 30 mm x 150 mm) with gradient elution, 5 % to 95 % solvent B (0.05 % TFA in acetonitrile) in solvent A (0.05 % TFA in water) within 15 min, 40 mL/min, detection at 210 nm, temperature rt. The pooled fractions are either evaporated to dryness in vacuo, or evaporated in vacuo until the acetonitrile is removed, and then frozen and freeze dried. HPLC-MS method 2
The RP-analysis was performed on an Agilent HPLC system (1100 degasser, 1100 pump, 1 100 injector and a 1 100 DAD) fitted with an Agilent MS detector system Model SL (MW 0- 3000) and a S.E.D.E.R.E Model Sedex 75 ELS detector system using a Waters X-terra MS C18 column (5 μm, 3.0 mm x 50 mm) with gradient elution, 5 % to 100 % solvent B (0.05 % TFA in acetonitrile) in solvent A (0.05 % TFA in water) within 6.75 min, 1.5 mL/min, temperature 25 0C.
GENERAL The following examples and general procedures refer to intermediate compounds and final products for general formula (I) identified in the specification and in the synthesis schemes. The preparation of the compounds of general formula (I) of the present invention is described in detail using the following examples. Occasionally, the reaction may not be applicable as described to each compound included within the disclosed scope of the invention. The com- pounds for which this occurs will be readily recognised by those skilled in the art. In these cases the reactions can be successfully performed by conventional modifications known to those skilled in the art, which is, by appropriate protection of interfering groups, by changing to other conventional reagents, or by routine modification of reaction conditions. Alternatively, other reactions disclosed herein or otherwise conventional will be applicable to the prepara- tion of the corresponding compounds of the invention. In all preparative methods, all starting materials are known or may be prepared by a person skilled in the art in analogy with the preparation of similar known compounds or by the General procedures A through G described herein. The structures of the compounds are confirmed by either by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and/or by HPLS-MS.
General procedure (A)
Compounds of the formula (Ia) according to the invention wherein R1, R2 and A are as defined for formula (I) can be prepared as outlined below:
Figure imgf000109_0001
(II) (III) (la)
Step 1 .
The aminoheterocycle (NH2A) (III) wherein A is as defined for formula (I), can be converted using standard literature procedures (for example WO 2004/002481 ) to an acyl imidazonium intermediate with carbonyl diimidazole (CDI) or an equivalent of this in a solvent such as di- chloromethane, dichloroethane, tetrahydrofuran, or DMF. Treatment with R1R2NH (II), wherein R1 and R2 are as defined above, gives the compound of formula (Ia). The aminohet- erocycle (NH2A) or secondary amine (R1R2NH) can be either commercially available compounds or compounds that can be prepared following procedures described in the literature or prepared as described in the relevant example and general procedures.
Step 2.
In some cases it might be more convenient to generate the final substituents on R1, R2 and A after the urea formation. If in example the substituent on A in formula (Ia) contains an ester functionality this can be hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acid using standard conditions for hydrolysis of esters. Suitable bases for the hydrolysis are NaOH and LiOH or equivalents of these in solvents like dioxane, THF, EtOH, MeOH and water or mixtures of these. The reactions can be performed at room temperature or at elevated temperatures.
Other examples are described in general procedure I and J.
General procedure (B)
The desired amines R1R2NH described in General procedure (A) can be prepared by a reductive amination by reaction of primary amine R1NH2 and a ketone R2=0 or an aldehyde with a reducing agent such as sodium cyanoborohydride in a solvent such as tetrahydrofuran as shown below, following procedures described in the literature (Org. Prep. Proced. Int. 1979, 11 , 201 ).
Figure imgf000110_0001
(IV)
(H)
The primary amine, ketone and aldehyde can be either commercially available compounds or compounds that can be prepared following procedures described in the literature or prepared as described in the relevant example and general procedures.
General procedure (C) Preparation of frans-alkoxymethylcvclohexylamine and the like ran
Figure imgf000111_0001
Figure imgf000111_0002
The carbonyl group of 4-oxo-cyclohexanone carboxylic acid methyl ester can be protected as a ketal by reaction with ethylene glycol in benzene with azeotropic removal of water. The ester group can then be reduced with lithium aluminium hydride in a suitable solvent such as diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran. The alcohol can be alkylated using sodium hydride and a suitable alkyl halide (R-X, wherein R is a an appropriate radical) in a solvent such as tetrahydrofuran or DMF, or it can be converted to an aryl- or heteroaryl-ether under Mitsunobu conditions (Mitsunobu, 1981 , 1 , 1 -28). Ketal deprotection of the product of formula Insulin Receptor Antagonist under standard acidic conditions gives a ketone which can be converted to the corresponding oxime upon treatment with hydroxylamine and a suitable base (for example sodium acetate). Reduction of the oxime using sodium in ethanol affords the frans-amine as the major isomer, which, if necessary can be purified by recrystallisation of the corresponding HCI salt.
General procedure (D)
Reductive amination of frans-alkoxymethylcvclohexylamine and the like
Figure imgf000111_0003
Reductive amination of the amine (wherein R is a an appropriate radical) with a ketone or an aldehyde R2=0 using general procedure (B) affords a frans-alkoxymethylcyclohexylamine.
General procedure (E)
Preparation of 2-Amino-thiazole-5-sulfonic acid amides SΛS U + HLn base [TvV O 0 I^ "A O
A mixture of an amine NHR19R20, wherein R19 and R20 are as defined for formula (I)) , protected amino acid or the like is reacted with 2-acetylamino-thiazole-5-sulfonyl chloride pre- pared as described in J. Am. Chem. Soc, 1947, 69, 2063,) in the precence of a base such as DIPEA in DCM. /V-Deacetylation of the intermediate can be achieved upon heating in the presence of HCI in dioxane/EtOH to give the required sulfonamido-2-aminothiazole.
General procedure (F) Preparation of frans-aryloxycvclohexylamines and the like CF3CHj1OH
Figure imgf000112_0001
Figure imgf000112_0002
N-Boc protected c/s-4-hydroxycyclohexylamine (prepared as described in WO 2005/019222) can be converted to in example the corresponding frans-trifluoroethoxy or appropriate ary- loxy-cyclohexylamines under Mitsunobu conditions e.g. PBu3/ADDP or DEAD/PPh3 and subsequent N-deprotection in TFA/DCM.
General procedure (G) Preparation of cvcloalkvHfrans-4-(alkoxy)-cvcloalkvπ-amines and the like
Figure imgf000112_0003
2-(frans-4-Hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione (Glennon et al. J. Med. Chem. 1996, 39, 1 , 314-322) can be alkylated with an alkylating agent R-halides or an equivalent of this using a base such as NaH, potassium terf-butoxid, DBU or the like in a solvent like DMF, NMP, DMSO, THF at temperatures from -10 to 120 0C. Deprotection of in example frans-4-alkoxy- cyclohexyl-isoindole-1 ,3-dione can be achieve using hydrazine in ethanol at room temperature or at elevated temperatures. Alkylation of the frans-alkoxy-cyclohexylamine can be achieved using reductive amination with an appropriate ketone and a reducing agent such as sodium cyoanoborohydride or an equivalent of this. The reaction can be performed in sol- vents like THF, EtOH or MeOH or mixtures of these, using a dehydrating agent such as molecular sieves or MgSO4, or in the presence of acetic acid. The reaction can be performed at temperatures from -10 to 120 0C.
General procedure (H)
Preparation of frans-4-alkyl-cvclohexylamines and the like
Figure imgf000113_0001
A 4-substituted cyclohexanone (wherein the substituent R is an appropriate radical) can be converted to the corresponding oxime upon treatment with hydroxylamine hydrochloride and a suitable base such as sodium acetate in a solvent mixture such as water/MeOH at elevated temperature. Reduction of the oxime using sodium in ethanol at elevated temperatures affords in example the frans-4-alkyl/aryl-cyclohexylamine as the major isomer, which, if necessary can be purified by recrystallisation of the corresponding HCI salt.
General procedure (I)
Synthesis of Acyl- or Sulfonyl-piperidinvKthiazolvD-cvcloalkyl ureas.
Figure imgf000113_0002
etc
Step 1 .
To N-Boc-piperidin-4-one (10 g) in a mixture of methanol (50 ml) and tetrahydrofuran (50 ml) is added an equimolar amount of a cycloalkylamine (4.5 g) at room temperature. Sodium cyanoborohydride (6.3 g, 2eq) is added and the reaction stirred at room temperature over- night. The crude product is filtered through celite, concentrated in vacuo, redis- solved/suspended in ether, stirred for 1 h, and decanted. This procedure is repeated 4 times and the combined ether-phases are concentrated in vacuo to afford the appropriate 4- cycloalkylamino-piperidine-1 -carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester as a pale yellow oil which is used directly in step 2. Step 2.
A equimolar mixture of 1 ,1 -carbonyldiimidazole, aminoheteroaryl compound wherein R7 and R8 are as defined as for formula (I) (for example 5-methyl-2-aminothiazole) and 4- dimethylaminopyridine (5mol%) in dichloroethane is heated for 4h at 8O0C then cooled to room temperature. The amine product (1 equivalent) from Step 1 is added and the reaction is stirred overnight. Work up and chromatography (5% ethyl acetate in hexane) affords the desired Boc protected urea. Step 3.
Boc deprotection is performed using trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in DCM for 2h at room temperature. Excess TFA and DCM are removed in vacuo Xo give the crude amine which is used directly in the next Step. Step 4. Acylation with either an HOBt activated carboxylic acid (RCO2H), or a sulfonylchloride
(RSO2CI), wherein R is an appropriate radical affords the required amide or sulfonamide respectively via established literature procedures.
Step 5. If the substituent on the aminoheteroaryl moiety contains an ester functionality this can be hydrolysed using lithium hydroxide in methanol to give the corresponding acid.
General procedure (J)
Conversion of thiazolemercaptoacetic, propionic acids and the like to amides
Figure imgf000114_0001
The carboxylic acid is initially treated with suitable amide coupling reagents, for example DHOBt and EDAC in a solvent such as dimethylformamide. A primary or secondary amine together with an equivalent of base (for example DIPEA) can then be added to give the desired amide, after purification by HPLC or flash chromatography.
General procedure (K)
Figure imgf000115_0001
3-(2-Amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2,2-dimethyl-propionic acid ethyl ester can be prepared from 5-thiocyanato-thiazol-2-ylamine by treatment with sodium borohydride in MeOH followed by addition of 3-bromo-2,2-dimethyl-propionic acid. After aquous work up the intermediate acid can be treated with HCI in EtOH to give the 3-(2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2,2-dimethyl- propionic acid ethyl ester.
The aminothiazole ester can be coupled to the final urea derivative following the general procedure (A).
Example 1
1 ,1 -Dicyclopentyl-S-thiazol^-yl-urea
Figure imgf000115_0002
To a solution of 2-aminothiazole (50 mg, 0.5 mmol) in dichloromethane was added carbon- yldiimidazole (81 mg, 0.5 mmol) and dimethylaminopyridine (3 mg) and the solution stirred 1 h at room temperature. Dicyclopentylamine (77 mg) was then added and the reaction stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction mixture is then diluted with ethyl acetate (8 ml_), washed successively with 10% sodiumhydrogensulphate (3 ml_), water (3 ml_), dried over magnesium sulphate, concentrated in vacuo, and the residue purified by flash chlomatogra- phy (eluant 7 ethyl acetate:3 heptane) HPLC-MS: mlz = 280 (M+H)
Example 2 1 -Cyclopentyl-1 -((3S, 5R)-3,5-dimethyl-cyclohexyl)-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea
Figure imgf000116_0001
Cyclopentyl-((3S,5R)-3,5-dimethyl-cyclohexyl)-amine was prepared as described in General Procedure (B). The urea coupling was performed in an similar manner to the synthesis of 1 ,1 -dicyclopentyl-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea, using carbonyl imidazole and 2-aminothiazole as starting material.. HPLC-MS: mlz = 322 (M+H)
Example 3 1 -(1 ,4-Dioxa-spiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)-1 -(4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea
Figure imgf000116_0002
Prepared in an similar manner to example 2 according to general procedures (A) and (B) using 1 ,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-one, 4-methylcyclohexylamine and 2-aminothiazole as starting material. HPLC-MS: mlz = 380 (M+H)
Example 4
1 -Cyclopentyl-1 -(1 ,4-dioxa-spiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea
Figure imgf000116_0003
Prepared in an similar manner to example 2 according to general procedures (A) and (B) using 1 ,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-one, cyclopentanone and 2-aminothiazole as starting material. HPLC-MS: m/z = 352 (M+H)
Example 5 1-(4-Methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-(5-methyl-thiazol-2-yl)-1-(4-oxo-cyclohexyl)-urea
Figure imgf000117_0001
1 -(1 ,4-Dioxa-spiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)-1 -(4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-(5-methyl-thiazol-2-yl)-urea was prepared in an similar manner to example 2 according to general procedures (A) and (B) us- ing 1 ,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-one, 4-methylcyclohexylamine and 2-amino-5-methylthiazole. The acetale was then hydrolysed in the following way:
A solution of 1 -(1 ,4-dioxa-spiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)-1 -(4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-(5-methyl-thiazol-2- yl)-urea (100 mg, 0.25 mmol) in 80 % aqueous acetic acid (1 .15 ml_) was heated at 60 0C for 31/2 h. The reaction mixture was evaporated to dryness in vacuo to give a golden oil. The crude product was purified by HPLC to give the title compound.
1H-NMR (CDCI3): δ 7.02 (d, 1 H), 3.66 (broad s, 2H), 2.66 (m, 3H), 2.46 (m, 3H), 2.37 (s, 3H), 1 .98 (m, 4H), 1.76 (m, 3H), 1.59 (m, 2H), 1 .39 (m, 2H), 1 .05 (d, 1 H), 0.91 (d, 2H). HPLC-MS: m/z = 350 (M+H)
Example 6
Ethyl {2-[3,3-dicyclohexylureido]-5-[4-methylpiperazin-1-yl]-thiazol-4-yl}-acetate H3
Figure imgf000117_0002
Step 1 . [2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazol-4-yl]-acetic acid ethyl ester was prepared in an similar manner to the synthesis of 1 ,1 -dicyclopentyl-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea, using dicyclohexylamine, carbonyldiimidazole and ethyl 2-amino-4-thiazole acetate.
Step 2.
To a solution of 2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazol-4-yl]-acetic acid ethyl ester (3.0 g, 7.62 mmol) in acetic acid (250 mL) was added N-chlorosuccinimide (1.32 g, 9.91 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature and under a nitrogen atmosphere for 20 h.
The mixture was evaporated to dryness in vacuo. The residue dissolved in methylene chlo- ride (100 ml_), washed with 10 % aqueous sodium hydrogensulfate (50 ml_), saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate (50 ml_), dried over magnesium sulfate, and evaporated to dryness in vacuo to give the crude intermediate. This was further purified on a silica gel column (elu- ent: ethyl acetate/heptane (1 :4)) to give ethyl {5-chloro-2-[3-dicyclohexylureido]-thiazol-4-yl}- acetate as yellow crystals (Yield: 1 .89 g (58 %)). The crystals contain approx. 10 % of ethyl chloro-{2-[3-dicyclohexylureido]-thiazol-4-yl}-acetate. Step 3.
DIPEA (60 μl, 0.35 mmol) and N-methylpiperazine (33 μl, 0.298) were added to a solution of ethyl {5-chloro-2-[3,3-dicyclohexylureido]-thiazol-4-yl}-acetate (100 mg, 0.234 mmol) in me- thylene chloride (5 ml_). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 48 h, filtered and evaporated to dryness in vacuo. The crude product was purified by HPLC to give ethyl {2-[3,3-dicyclohexylureido]-5-[4-methylpiperazin-1 -yl]-thiazol-4-yl}-acetate. Yield: 13 mg (1 1 %). 1H-NMR (CD3OD): £4.15 (q, 2H), 3.67 (s, 2H), 3.55 (m, 2H), 3.47 (m, 2CH), 3.28 (m, 2H), 3.06 (t, 2H), 2.96 (s, 3H), 1 .96 (m, 4H), 1 .82 (broad d, 5H), 1 .66 (broad d, 6H), 1 .32-1.40 (4H, m), 1 .25 (t, 3H), 1 .10-1.30 (m, 1 H). HPLC-MS: mlz = 492 (M+H)
Example 7 1 ,1 -Dicyclohexyl-S-fδ-imidazoM -yl-thiazol-2-yl)-urea
Figure imgf000118_0001
Step 1 .
A mixture of 2-amino-5-bromothiazole hydrobromide (0.5 g, 1.92 mmol), DMF (6 mL), potas- sium carbonate (1 .0 g, 7.2 mmol), and imidazole (132 mg, 1 .94 mmol) was stirred at room temperature for 6 h. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate evaporated to dryness in vacuo. The crude product was purified on a silica gel column (eluent: gradient from 100 % methylene chloride to 100 % isopropanol) to give 5-imidazol-1 -yl-thiazol-2-ylamine. Yield: 0.16 g (50 %). Step 2. Urea coupling in an identical manner to Example 1 using carbonyldiimidazole, 2-amino-5- imidazol-thiazole, and dicyclohexylamine gave 1 ,1 -dicyclohexyl-3-(5-imidazol-1 -yl-thiazol-2- yl)-urea.
1H-NMR (CDCI3): J7.96 (broad s, 1 H), 7.69 (s, 1 H), 7.32 (s, 1 H), 7.17 (s, 1 H), 7.13 (s, 1 H), 3.43 (m, 2H), 1.95-1 .60 (m, 14H), 1.40-1 .10 (m, 6H). HPLC-MS: mlz = 375 (M+H)
Example 8 3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 ,1-bis-(tetrahydro-pyran-4-yl)-urea
Figure imgf000119_0001
Prepared in an similar manner to example 2 according to general procedures (A) and (B) using tetrahydropyrane-4-one, 4-aminotetrahydropyran and 5-chloro-2-aminothiazole. HPLC-MS: mlz = 346 (M+H)
Example 9
S-^S^-Dicyclohexyl-ureidoHhiazol^-ylmethylsulfanylJ-propionic acid
Figure imgf000119_0002
Prepared in accordance with the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans^l- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid using dicyclohexylamine and 3- (2-amino-thiazol-4-ylmethylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester prepared in analogy to the methyl ester described in WO 2004/002481 ). HPLC-MS: mlz 426 (M+H).
Example 10 [2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazol-4-ylmethanesulfonyl]-acetic acid
Figure imgf000120_0001
Montmorillonite (161 mg) and water (38 μl_) was stirred for 10 min before oxone (187 mg, 0.30 mmol) and DCM (200 μl_) was added. A solution of 3-[2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)- thiazol-4-ylmethylsulfanyl]-propionic acid (50 mg, 0.12 mmol) in DCM (1 ml_) was then added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 3 days at room temperature. The solid was filtered off and washed with MeOH and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified on prep. HPLC to give 20 mg of [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazol-4- ylmethanesulfonyl]-acetic acid. HPLC-MS: m/z 444 (M+H)
Example 11 1-(4-Amino-cyclohexyl)-1-cyclohexyl-3-(5-methyl-thiazol-2-yl)-urea
Figure imgf000120_0002
Prepared in accordance with the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans^l- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid using 4-tert- butyloxycarbonylamine-cyclohexanone, cyclohexylamine and 5-methyl-thiazole-2-ylamine HPLC-MS: m/z 337(M+H)
Example 12 1 -(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -cyclopentyl-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea
Figure imgf000120_0003
Prepared according to general procedure (I). To a mixture of N-acetyl-piperidone (1 .4 g) and cyclopentylamine (0.9 g) and molecular sieves (5 g) in THF (8mL) and methanol (8 mL) was added sodium cyanoborohydride (2.1 g) and the reaction was stirred overnight at room tern- perature. Insoluble material was removed by filtration and after removal of solvent in vacuo the crude secondary amine (0.57 g) was isolated. The urea coupling was performed in an similar manner to the synthesis of 1 ,1 -dicyclopentyl-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea using carbonyl imidazole and 2-aminothiazole as starting material. HPLC-MS: mlz = 359 (M+Na)
Example 13 trans-3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -cyclohexyl-1 -[1 -(3-phenyl-acryloyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-urea
Figure imgf000121_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to the synthesis of example 12 according to general procedure (I) using 4-Boc-amino piperidone, cyclohexylamine, 5-chloro-2-aminothiazole and cinnamic acid as starting material. HPLC-MS: mlz = 495 (M+Na)
Example 14
3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -cyclohexyl-1 -[1 -(2-phenoxy-acetyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-urea
Figure imgf000121_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to the synthesis of example 12 according to general procedure (I) using 4-Boc-amino piperidone, cyclohexylamine, 5-chloro-2-aminothiazole and phenoxya- cetic acid as starting material. HPLC-MS: mlz = 477 (M+Na)
Example 15
2-(3,3-Dicyclohexylureido)-4-methylthiazole-5-carboxylic acid (2-hydroxyethyl)amide
Figure imgf000122_0001
To a mixture of 2-amino-4-methyl-thiazole-carboxylic acid (2-hydroxyethyl)-amide (0.2 g) in dichloromethane was added N,O-bis-(trimethylsilyl)-acetamide (0.2 g) and the mixture stirred for 12h. CDI (0.16 g) and DMAP (6 mg) was then added and the mixture stirred for 12h be- fore addition of dicyclohexylamine (0.18 g). After stirring overnight waster was added and the aqueous phase extracted with dichloromethane, concentrated and purified by chromatography to give the title compound.
1H NMR (DMSO): δ 0.95-2.18 (m, 20H), 3.20-3.60 (m, 6H), 2.42 (s, 3H), 10.80-1 1 -03 (bs, 1 H).
Example 16
1 -(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-3-(5-chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -cycloheptyl-urea
Figure imgf000122_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to the synthesis of example 12 according to general procedure (I) using 4-acetyl-amino-piperidine, cycloheptanone and 5-chloro-2-aminothiazole as starting material.
1H NMR (CDCI3): δ 1 .37-2.18 (m, 16H), 2.13 (s, 3H), 2.49-2.67 (m, 1 H), 3.07-3.22 (m, 1 H),
3.33-3.43 (m, 1 H), 3.85-3.96 (1 H, m), 3.97-4.28 (m, 1 H), 4.70-4.81 (m, 1 H), 7.17 (s, 1 H).
HPLC-MS: mlz = 399 (M+H)
Example 17
3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -(1 -methanesulfonyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -(fra/7s-4-methyl- cyclohexyl)-urea
Figure imgf000123_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to the synthesis of example 12 according to general procedure (I) using 4-Boc-amino piperidone, frans-4-methylcyclohexylamine, 5-chloro-2-aminothiazole and methanesulfonylchloride as starting material. HPLC-MS: m/z =435 (M+H)
Example 18
3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -(1 -ethanesulfonyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -(fra/7S-4-methyl- cyclohexyl)-urea
Figure imgf000123_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to the synthesis of example 12 according to general procedure
(I) using 4-Boc-amino piperidone, frans-4-methylcyclohexylamine, 5-chloro-2-aminothiazole and ethanesulfonylchloride as starting material.
HPLC-MS: m/z =453 (M+H)
Example 19
3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -cyclohexyl-1 -[1 -(propane-1 -sulfonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-urea
Figure imgf000123_0003
Prepared in a similar manner to the synthesis of example 12 according to general procedure (I) using 4-Boc-amino piperidine, cyclohexanone, 5-chloro-2-aminothiazole and propanesul- fonylchloride as starting material. HPLC-MS: m/z =449 (M+H)
Example 20 2-[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl]-2-methyl-propionic acid
Figure imgf000124_0001
Step 1 .
An equimolar mixture of 1 ,1 -carbonyldiimidazole, 5-thiocyanato-thiazol-2-ylamine (commercial available or prepared as described in J. Am. Chem. Soc 71 , 4007, 1949 or J. Med. Chem, 20, 572, 1977) and DMAP (5mol% ) in THF was heated for 2 h at 60-70 0C and then cooled to room temperature. Dicyclohexyl amine (1 equivalent) was added and the reaction is stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction mixture was quenched with water. The organic phase was isolated and the aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2, and the combined organic phases were dried and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was pu- rified by flash chromatography (heptane: EtOAc 100:0 → 50:50) affording 1 ,1 -dicyclohexyl-3- (5-thiocyanato-thiazol-2-yl)-urea as an oil.
Step 2.
An equimolar mixture of 1 ,4-dithiothreitol (DTT) and 1 ,1 -dicyclohexyl-3-(5-thiocyanato- thiazol-2-yl)-urea (prepared as described in Step 1 ) in MeOH (4 mL/mmol) was stirred in a nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature for 2 h. Addition of K2CO3 (3 equiv) and ethyl 2- bromo-2-methylproprionate (1.1 equivalents). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature over night and quenched with water. Addition of CH2CI2. The organic phase was isolated and the aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2, and the combined organic phases were concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was dissolved in MeCN and purified by reverse phase preparative (HPLC method 1 ) to give 2-[2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl]-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester as an oil. This material was dissolved in MeOH and treated with 20 equivalents of 1 N NaOH and stirred over night at room temperature. MeOH was removed by evaporation. Addition of 1 N HCI to pH<1 caused precipitation. The precipitate was isolated by filtration, washed with water and dried to give the title compound.
HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 426 (M+H). 1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.09 (s, 1 H), 3.50 (br s, 2H), 1 .87-1.12 (m, 20H), 1 .60 (s, 6H).
Example 21
2-[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl]-propionic acid
Figure imgf000125_0001
The title compound was prepared in a similar manner to 2-[2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl]-2-methyl-propionic acid using ethyl 2-bromoproprionate as the alkylating agent. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 412 (M+H).
1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.1 1 (s, 1 H), 3.62 (q, 1 H), 3.44 (br s, 2H), 1.86-1 .12 (m, 20H), 1.48 (d, 3H).
Example 22 [2-(3-Cyclohex-3-enyl-3-cyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl]-acetic acid
Figure imgf000125_0002
Prepared in accordance with the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans^- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid using cyclohex-3-enylamine, cyclohexanone and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester as starting material. HPLC-MS: m/z 396 (M+H).
Example 23
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(1-dimethylsulfamoyl-piperidin-4-yl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- acetic acid
Figure imgf000125_0003
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-piperidin-4-yl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid ethyl ester was prepared in a similar manner to the synthesis of example 12 from N-Boc piperidone, cyclo- hexylamine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl, Boc deprotection, reaction with dimethylsulfamoyl chloride and hydrolysis of the ester moiety as described in general procedure (I) gave the title compound. 1H NMR (CDCI3): δ 1 .11 -1 .88 (m, 14H), 2.85 (s, 6H), 2.85-3.04 (m, 4H), 3.37 (s, 2H), 3.72- 3.85 (m, 2H), 7.30 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: mlz 506(M+H).
Example 24
S^-iS-Cyclohexyl-S-II-tmorpholine^-carbonyO-piperidin^-yll-ureidoHhiazol-δ- ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid
Figure imgf000126_0001
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-piperidin-4-yl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid ethyl ester was prepared in a similar manner to the synthesis of example 12 from N-Boc piperidone, cyclo- hexylamine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester, Boc deprotection, reaction with 4-morpholine carbonyl chloride and hydrolysis of the ester moiety as described in general procedure (I) gave the title compound.
1H NMR (CDCI3): δ 1 .1 1 -1.95 (m, 14H), 2.68-3.03 (m, 6H), 3.25-3.34 (m, 4H), 3.65-3.85 (m, 8H), 7.32 (s, 1 H).
HPLC-MS: mlz 527 (M+H).
Example 25
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[1-(morpholine-4-carbonyl)-piperidin-4-yl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
Figure imgf000126_0002
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-piperidin-4-yl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid ethyl ester was prepared in a similar manner to the synthesis of example 12 from N-Boc piperidone, cyclo- hexylamine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester, Boc deprotection, reac- tion with 4-morpholine carbonyl chloride and hydrolysis of the ester moiety as described in general procedure (I) gave the title compound.
1H NMR (CDCI3): δ 1 .05-1 .95 (m, 14H), 2.78-3.03 (m, 2H), 3.22-3.33 (m, 4H), 3.36 (s, 2H), 3.62-3.74 (4H, m), 3.75-3.83 (m, 4H), 7.32 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: mlz 512 (M+H). Example 26
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(1-dimethylsulfamoyl-piperidin-4-yl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000127_0001
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-piperidin-4-yl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid ethyl ester was prepared in a similar manner to the synthesis of example 12 from N-Boc piperidone, cyclo- hexylamine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester, Boc deprotection, reaction with dimethylsulfamoyl chloride and hydrolysis of the ester moiety as described in general procedure (I) gave the title compound. 1H NMR (CDCI3): δ 1 .1 1 -2.00 (m, 14H), 2.85 (s, 6H), 2.70-3.24 (m, 6H), 3.69-3.90 (m, 4H), 7.29 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: mlz 520(M+H).
Example 27 {2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(1 -dimethylcarbamoyl-piperidin-4-yl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- acetic acid
Figure imgf000127_0002
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-piperidin-4-yl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid ethyl ester was prepared in a similar manner to the synthesis of example 12 from N-Boc piperidone, cyclohexyl- amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester, Boc deprotection, reaction with dimethylcarbamoyl chloride and hydrolysis of the ester moiety as described in general procedure (I) gave the title compound.
1H NMR (CDCI3): δ 1 .11 -1 .88 (m, 14H), 2.85 (s, 6H), 2.85-3.04 (m, 4H), 3.34 (s, 2H), 3.72- 3.85 (m, 2H), 7.30 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: mlz 471 (M+H).
Example 28
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(1-dimethylcarbamoyl-piperidin-4-yl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000128_0001
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-piperidin-4-yl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid ethyl ester was prepared from N-Boc piperidone, cyclohexylamine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester , Boc deprotection, reaction with dimethylcarbamoyl chloride and hydrolysis of the ester moiety as described in general procedure (I) gave the title compound. HPLC-MS: mlz 485 (M+H).
Example 29
6-{4-[3-(5-Chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1-cyclohexyl-ureido]-piperidin-1-yl}-6-oxo-hex-3-enoic acid
Figure imgf000128_0002
Prepared as described in general procedure (I) using 3-(5-chloro-thiazol-2-yl)-1 -(frans-4- methyl-cyclohexyl)-1 -piperidin-4-yl-urea and trans-2-butene-1 ,4-dicarboxylic acid. 1H NMR (CDCI3): δ 1 .10-2.00 (m, 14H), 2.80-3.40 (m, 6H), 3.75 (d, 2H), 4.65 (d, 2H), 5.52- 5.63 (m, 1 H), 5.35-5.85 (m, 1 H), 7.10 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: mlz 469 (M+H).
Example 30
1 -(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-[5-(2-oxo-2-piperidin-1 -yl- ethylsulfanyl)-thiazol-2-yl]-urea
Figure imgf000128_0003
{2-[3-(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid was prepared from 1 -[4-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexylamino)-piperidin-1 -yl]-ethanone and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester as described in general procedure (I). Amide coupling was then performed as follows using general procedure (J): {2-[3-(1 -Acetyl- piperidin-4-yl)-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid is dissolved/suspended in 1 ml of DMF in a 4 ml glass vial equipped with a magnetic stirring bar and a screw cap. 0,015 g (0,088 mmol) of DHOBt + 0,017 g (0,088 mmol) of EDAC is added, stirred for 1 h at room temperature (clear yellow mixture) after which 0,088 mmol of piperidine and 0,015 ml (0,088 mmol) of diisopropylethylamine is added. Stirred for 3 days at room temperature and purification by HPLC gave the title compound. HPLC-MS: m/z 522 (M+H).
Example 31
2-{2-[3-(1-Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl}-Λ/,Λ/-diethyl-acetamide
Figure imgf000129_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to 1 -(1 -acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-[5-
(2-oxo-2-piperidin-1 -yl-ethylsulfanyl)-thiazol-2-yl]-urea using {2-[3-(1 -acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-3- (frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid and diethylamine. HPLC-MS: m/z 510 (M+H).
Example 32
1 -(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-{5-[2-(4-methyl-piperazin-1 - yl)-2-oxo-ethylsulfanyl]-thiazol-2-yl}-urea
Figure imgf000129_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to 1 -(1 -acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-[5- (2-oxo-2-piperidin-1 -yl-ethylsulfanyl)-thiazol-2-yl]-urea using {2-[3-(1 -acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-3- (frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid and N-methylpiperazine. HPLC-MS: m/z 537 (M+H).
Example 33
1 -(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-{5-[2-oxo-2-(4-pyrimidin-2-yl- piperazin-1-yl)-ethylsulfanyl]-thiazol-2-yl}-urea
Figure imgf000130_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to 1 -(1 -acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-[5- (2-oxo-2-piperidin-1 -yl-ethylsulfanyl)-thiazol-2-yl]-urea using {2-[3-(1 -acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-3- (frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid and 2-
(piperazinyl)pyrimidine. HPLC-MS: m/z 601 (M+H).
Example 34
1 -(1 -Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-1 -(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-thiazol-2-yl-urea
H3C
ΑrJtO
Prepared in a similar manner to the synthesis of example 12 using general method (I) from 1 - [4-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexylamino)-piperidin-1 -yl]-ethanone and aminothiazole. 1H-NMR (CDCI3): J8.36 (broad s, 1 H), 7.33 (d, 1 H), 6.85 (d, 1 H), 4.76 (dm, 1 H), 3.89 (dm, 1 H), 3.78 (m, 1 H), 3.30 (m, 1 H), 3.08 (dt, 1 H), 2.53 (dt, 1 H), 2.1 -2.2 (m, 2H), 2.12 (s, 3H), 1 .95-1 .64 (m, 8H), 1 .36-1.45 (m, 1 H), 1.04 (m, 2H), 0.92 (d, 3H). HPLC-MS: m/z 365 (M+H).
Example 35
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[fra/7s-4-(2-methyl-allyloxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
Figure imgf000130_0002
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid. Step 1 .
Cyclohexyl-[frans-4-(2-methyl-allyloxy)-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (trans-4- hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, 3-bromo-2-methyl-propene and cyclohexanone Step 2.
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(2-methyl-allyloxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid was prepared using cyclohexyl-[frans4-(2-methyl-allyloxy)-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester. 1 H NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.25 (s, 1 H), 4.98 (s, 1 H), 4.90 (s, 1 H), 3.92 (s, 2H), 3.6-3.2 (m, 3H), 3.32 (S1 2H)1 2.5-1 .0 (m, 21 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 469 (M+H).
Example 36 3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[fra/7s-4-(2-methyl-allyloxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid
Figure imgf000131_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid. Step 1 .
Cyclohexyl-[frans-4-(2-methyl-allyloxy)-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (trans-4- hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, 3-bromo-2-methyl-propene and cyclohexanone
Step 2.
3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans-4-(2-methyl-allyloxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)- propionic acid was prepared using cyclohexyl-[frans-4-(2-methyl-allyloxy)-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSOd6) 57.39 (s, 1 H), 4.92 (s, 1 H), 4.82 (s, 1 H), 3.87 (s, 2H), 3.7-3.3
(m, 2H), 3.30 -3.10 (m, 1 H), 2.85 (t, 2H), 2.50 (t, 2H), 2.2-1 .0 (m, 18H), 1 .65 (s, 3H).
HPLC-MS: m/z 483 (M+H).
Example 37 {2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- acetic acid
Figure imgf000132_0001
Prepared as follows using general Procedures (C), (D) and (A). Steps 1 and 2.
A mixture of 4-carboxymethylcyclohexanone (21 g), ethylene glycol (19 g), cone, sulphuric acid (0.3 ml_) and benzene (250 ml_) was heated at reflux for 2Oh with Dean Stark azeotropic removal of water. After cooling the solution was washed with sodium bicarbonate solution, dried over magnesium sulphate and concentrated. The crude ketal was then taken up in di- ethyl ether (250 ml_) and lithium aluminium hydride (7 g) was added. The mixture was stirred overnight and then water (20 ml_), 10% sodium hydroxide (30 ml_) and water (30 ml_) was added carefully. Sodium sulphate (30 g) was then added and the mixture stirred for 20 min, The insoluble material was removed by filtration and the organic phase concentrated in vacuo to give (1 ,4-dioxa-spiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)-methanol (21 g). 1H NMR (CDCI3): δλ .20-1.80, (m, 10H), 3.45 (d, 2H), 3.95 (s, 4H). Steps 3 and 4.
To (1 ,4-Dioxa-spiro[4.5]dec-8-yl)-methanol (10 g) in tetrahydrofuran (300 ml_) in an ice bath was added sodium hydride (3.6g of 60% in mineral oil) and the mixture stirred for 30min. Methyl iodide 7.8 ml_ in THF (20 ml_) was added dropwise and the rection was allowed to warm slowly to room temperature overnight. Water (20 ml_) was added and the reaction mixture partially concentrated, then partitioned between water (10OmL) and diethyl ether (300 ml_). The organic phase was isolated, dried and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was then taken up in tetrahydrofuran (250 ml_) and 40 ml_ of 3N aqueous HCI was added. The reaction was stirred for 2h at room temperature, partially concentrated and then the crude prod- uct was extracted with diethyl ether, dried, concentrated and purified by flash chromatography (eluant 4 hexane: 1 ethyl acetate) to give 4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexanone 4.9 g. 1H NMR (CDCI3): δλ .40-1.55 (m, 2H), 1 .98-2.15 (m, 3H), 2.20-2.45 (m, 4H), (d, 2H), 3.36 (d, 4H), 3.31 (s. 3H). Steps 5 and 6. A mixture of 4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexanone (5 g), hydroxylamine hydrochloride (4.7 g), and sodium acetate (5.6 g) in water (125 ml_) and methanol (25 ml_) was heated to 6O0C for 18h. Ether was added and the organic phase isolated, washed with saturated sodium bicar- bonate, dried over magnesium sulphate and concentrated in vacuo. Ethanol was added and then sodium (8 g) was added portionwise. The mixture was then heatedto 650C for 1 .5h, cooled in an ice bath and water (10 ml_) was carefully added. The reaction was partially concentrated, water (30 ml_) was added and the aqueous phase was extracted with diethyl ether and concentrated to give the crude product. Addition of 6N HCI afforded the corresponding HCI salt which was recrystallised from acetonitrile to give frans-4-methoxymethyl- cyclohexylamine hydrochloride (3 g).
1H NMR (DMSOd6): JO.90-1 .15 (m, 2H), 1.20-1 .37 (m, 2H), 1 .38-1.54 (m, 1 H), 1 .73 (d, 2H), 1 .95 (d, 2H), 2.80-2.95 (m, 1 H), 3.12 (d, 2H), 3.22 (s. 3H), 8.21 (s, 3H). Step 7.
To a mixture of frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexylamine hydrochloride (0.7 g), cyclohexanone (0.4 g), diisoropylethylamine (0.5 g) and molecular sieves (3 g) in THF (5 ml_) and methanol (5 ml_) was added sodium cyanoborohydride (0.49 g) and the mixture stirred overnight at room temperature. Insoluble material was romoved by filtration and the crude product purified by flash chromatography to give cyclohexyl-(frans-4-methoxymethyl- cyclohexyl)-amine (0.29 g). HPLC-MS: m/z 227 (M+H). Step 8. A mixture of (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester, carbonyl diimidazole (0.34 g) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (12 mg) in dichloromethane (10 ml_) and tetrahydrofuran (10 ml_) was stirred at room temperature for 5h. Cyclohexyl-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- amine was added and the reaction stirred overnight at room temperature. Purification by flash chromatography gave {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid ethyl ester. HPLC-MS: m/z 471 (M+H). Step 9
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid ethyl ester was dissolved in methanol (10 mL) and 1 N sodium hydroxide (5 mL) was added. Stirred at room temperature for 3h then acidified with 1 N hydrochloric acid. The white precipitate was filtered and dried to give the title compound (97 mg).
1H NMR (CDCI3): δ 1 .0-2.0 (m, 19H), 3.15-3.50 (2H, m), 3.21 (d, 2H), 3.35 (s, 3H), 3.34 (s, 2H), 7.28 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 443 (M+H).
Example 38 {2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(fra/7s-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000134_0001
Step 1 .
Sodium (45 g, 1 .96 mol) was slowly added to a solution of 4-ethylcyclohexanone oxime (33 g, 0.23 mol) (prepared according to lit. R.O.Hutchins et al. J.Org.Chem. 60 (1995) 7396- 7405)) in 99.9 % ethanol (500 ml_) while keeping the temperature below 650C. The reaction mixture was heated at reflux temperature for 11/2 h and then stirred at room temperature for further 16 h. A mixture of water (500 ml_) and ethanol (100 ml_) was added and the mixture was extracted with diethyl ether (3 x 250 ml_). The combined organic phases was washed with brine (150 ml_), dried over anhydrous magnesium sulphate and evaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in ethanol (100 ml_), pH was adjusted to approx. 3 with 4 N hydrochloric acid (60 ml_) and the solution was evaporated to dryness in vacuo to give crude ethylcyclohexylamine. The product was purified by recrystallization from ethanol/acetonitrile (4:1 ) to give 4-frans-ethylcyclohexylamine, hydrochloride as white crystalls. Step 2.
An equimolar mixture of 4-frans-ethylcyclohexylamine, hydrochloride (prepared in Step 1 ), diisopropylethyl amine and cyclohexanone in THF:MeOH (1 :1 , 2 mL/mmol) and 3A mol- sieves was added sodium cyanoborohydride (2 equiv) and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, filtered through celite, added DCM and water. The organic phase was isolated and washed with water and added 4N HCI and subsequently evaporated to dryness in vacuo. Addition of MeOH and evaporation to dryness gave the crude secondary amine cyclopentyl-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-amine which was used in the next step without further purification. Step 3. An equimolar mixture of 1 ,1 -carbonyldiimidazole, (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester and DMAP (5mol% ) in THF was heated for 5 h at 50-60 0C and then cooled to room temperature. Then cyclopentyl-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-amine (1 equivalent; see Step 2) was added and the reaction is stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction mixture was quenched with water. The organic phase was isolated and the aqueous phase was ex- tracted with CH2CI2, and the combined organic phases were dried and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was dissolved in MeCN and purified (HPLC method 1 )to give {2-[3- cyclopentyl-3-(frans^-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid ethyl ester. This material was dissolved in MeOH and treated with 15 equivalents of 1 N NaOH over night at room temperature. MeOH was removed by evaporation. Addition of 1 N HCI to pH<1 caused precipitation. The precipitate was isolated by filtration, washed with water and dried to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 412 (M+H).
1H NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 12.0 (br s, 1 H), 7.40 (s, 1 H), 3.85 (br s, 1 H), 3.60 (br s, 1 H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 1 .88-1 .42 (m, 14H), 1 .25-0.99 (m, 5H), 0.86 (t, 3H).
Example 39 {2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(fra/7s-4-isopropyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000135_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclopentyl-(frans-4-isopropyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and (2-amino- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 426 (M+H).
1H NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 12.35 (br s, 1 H), 7.39 (s, 1 H), 3.84 (br s, 1 H), 3.61 (br s, 1 H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 1 .90-1 .40 (m, 15H), 1 .20-0.99 (m, 3H), 0.86 (d, 6H).
Example 40
3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(fra/7s-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
Figure imgf000135_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclopentyl-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and 3-(2-amino- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 426 (M+H). 1H NMR (DMSO-Cl6) δ 1 1 .8 (br s, 1 H), 7.38 (s, 1 H), 3.86 (br s, 1 H), 3.62 (br s, 1 H), 2.85 (t, 2H), 2.50 (t, 2H), 1 .89-1 .44 (m, 14H), 1.24-0.99 (m, 5H), 0.87 (t, 3H).
Example 41 3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(fra/7s-4-isopropyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000136_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclopentyl-(frans-4-isopropyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and 3-(2-amino- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 440 (M+H).
1H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 1 1 .6 (br s, 1 H), 7.38 (s, 1 H), 3.86 (br s, 1 H), 3.62 (br s, 1 H), 2.85 (t, 2H), 2.50 (t, 2H), 1 .91 -1 .39 (m, 15H), 1.20-0.99 (m, 3H), 0.85 (d, 6H).
Example 42
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- acetic acid
Figure imgf000136_0002
Prepared in an similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (CDCI3): J1 .2 (t, 3H), 1 .0-2.0 (m, 19H), 3.20-3.50 (2H, m), 3.22 (d, 2H), 3.30 (s, 2H),
3.41 (q, 2H), 7.22 (s, 1 H).
HPLC-MS: m/z 456 (M+H).
Example 43
{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000137_0001
Step 1 (preparation of the secondary amine):
To a solution of 2-(frans-4-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione (Glennon et al. J. Med. Chem. 1996, 39, 1 , 314-322) (1 .0 g, 40.77 mmol) in DMF (4,0 ml_) was added NaH (60% in oil, 0.41 g, 10,2 mmol) followed by iodomethane (5,79 g, 40,7 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 16 h before water (15 ml_) and ethyl acetate (25 ml_) was added and the phases were separated. The organic phase was washed with water (2 x 10 ml_), dried over MgSO4 and the solvent was removed in cacuo. The residue was purified on silica gel (EtOAc-heptane) to give 0,810 g (77%) 2-(frans-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione. 2-(frans-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione (0,710 g, 2,74 mmol) in absolute ethanol (10 ml_) was added hydrazine hydrate (0,130 g, 4,1 1 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h at 5O0C. The oilbath was removed and the mixture was stirred for 16 h at room temperature. The volatiles were removed in vacuo and the residue was added NaOH (20 ml_, 10 N) and extracted with diethyl ether (3 x 10 ml_). The organic phase was dried with MgSO4 and concentrated in vacuo to give 0.300 g (85%) of 4-frans-methoxy-cyclohexylamine.
4-7rans-methoxy-cyclohexylamine (100 mg, 0,78 mmol) and cyclopentanone (72 mg, 0,85 mmol) in THF-MeOH 2:1 (2 ml_) and acetic acid (0,1 ml_) was added sodium cyano- borohydride (73 mg, 1 ,02 mmol) in small portions over 15 min. The reaction mixture was stirred for 16 h before the volatiles were removed in vacuo. The residue was added HCI (1 N, 50 ml_) and stirred for 16 h at rt. The mixture was added NaOH (1 ON, 2,5 ml_), extracted with diethyl ether (2 x 10 ml_) and dried over MgSO4. The solvent was removed in vacuo to give 134 mg (88%) of cyclopentyl-(4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-amine.
Step 2 (coupling and hydrolysis): Amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester (1 10 mg, 0,51 mmol)) in THF (5,ml_) was added CDI (82 mg, 0,51 mmol) and DMAP (2 mg, 0.017 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h at rt before cyclopentyl-(4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-amine (66,5 mg, 0,34 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 16 h before the solvent was removed in vacuo. The residue added ethyl acetate (25 ml_) and washed with HCI (1 N, 2 x 10 ml_) and dried over MgSO4. The sovent was removed in vacuo and the residue was purified on prepa- rative HPLC methode 1 to give 35 mg (24%) of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(trans-4-methoxy- cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid ethyl ester.
{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(trans-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid ethyl ester (30 mg, 0.068 mmol) in acetonitrile (1 ml_) was added NaOH (1 N, 0,3 ml_) and the reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h at rt before the solvent was removed in vacuo. HCI (1 N, 2,5 ml_) was added under stirring and the precipitate was collected, washed with water (3 x 2,5 ml_) and dried in vacuo to give 18 mg (64%) of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-methoxy- cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSOd6) δ 7.4 (s, 1 H), 3.87 (bs, 1 H), 3.60 (bs, 1 H), 3.49 (s, 2H), 3.22 (s, 3H), 3.15-3.04 (m, 1 H), 2.05-1 .40 (m, 14H), 1 .32-1 .18 (m, 2H). HPLC-MS: mlz 414(M+H).
Example 44
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000138_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid. Step 1 : Cycloheptyl-[frans4-methoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (frans-4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, iodomethane and cycloheptanone.
Step 2: {2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid was prepared using cycloheptyl-[frans-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-
5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester. 1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.40 (s, 1 H), 3.9-3.4 (bm, 2H), 3.47 (s, 2H), 3.22 (s, 3H), 3.15-3.05 (m,
1 H), 2.10-1 .18 (m, 20H).
HPLC-MS: mlz 442 (M+H).
Example 45 {2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(fra/7s-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000139_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cyclopentyl-[frans4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (frans-4-hydroxy- 5 cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, iodoethane and cyclopentanone.
Step 2: {2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid was prepared using cyclopentyl-[frans^-ethoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.40 (s, 1 H), 3.9 (bs, 1 H), 3.6 (bs, 1 H), 3.47 (s, 2H), 3.42 (q, 2H), 10 3.25-3.15 (m, 1 H), 2.0-1 .2 (m, 16H), 1 .08 (t, 3H). HPLC-MS: mlz 428 (M+H).
Example 46 {2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
,, Prepared accord'ing to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cyclohexyl-[frans^-ethoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (frans-4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, iodoethane and cyclohexanone. 20 Step 2: {2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans^-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid was prepared using cyclohexyl-[frans4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.40(s, 1 H), 3.7-3.3 (m, 2H), 3.49 (s, 2H), 3.40 (q, 2H), 3.20 (m, 1 H),
2.15-1 .15 (m, 18), 1 .10 (t, 3H). 25 HPLC-MS: mlz 442 (M+H).
Example 47 {2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000140_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cycloheptyl-[frans4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (frans-4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, iodoethane and cycloheptanone. Step 2: {2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid was prepared using cycloheptyl-[frans^-ethoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester. HPLC-MS: m/z 456 (M+H).
Example 48
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000140_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. 1H NMR (CDCI3): £1 .0-2.0 (m, 19H), 2.68-2.76 (m, 2H), 2.95-3.03 (m, 2H), 3.24 (d, 2H), 3.10-3.70 (m, 2H), 3.36 (s, 3H), 7.30 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 456 (M+H).
Example 49 {2-[3-(fra/7s-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclopentyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000141_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(fr"ans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via (4-tert-butyl-cyclohexyl)-cyclopentyl-amine and (2-amino-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 440 (M+H).
1H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 1 1 .5 (br s, 1 H), 7.40 (s, 1 H), 3.82 (br s, 1 H), 3.63 (br s, 1 H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 1 .90-1 .44 (m, 14H), 1 .20-0.93 (m, 3H), 0.85 (s, 9H).
Example 50 {2-[3-(fra/7s-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000141_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via (4-tert-butyl-cyclohexyl)-cyclohexyl-amine and (2-amino-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 454 (M+H).
1H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 1 1 .5 (br s, 1 H), 7.40 (s, 1 H), 3.65 (br s, 2H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 2.05-0.95 (m, 19H), 0.84 (s, 9H).
Example 51
{2-[3-(fra/7s-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000141_0003
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via (4-tert-butyl-cyclohexyl)-cycloheptyl-amine and (2-amino-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 468 (M+H).
1H NMR (DMSO-Cl6) δ 1 1 .5 (br s, 1 H), 7.41 (s, 1 H), 4.20 (br s, 2H), 3.50 (s, 2H), 2.15 (br s, 2H), 1 .68-0.97 (m, 19H), 0.85 (s, 9H).
Example 52
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- acetic acid
Figure imgf000142_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cycloheptyl)- amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (CDCI3): δλ .0-2.0 (m, 21 H), 3.21 (d, 2H), 3.37 (s, 3H), 3.39 (s, 2H), 3.15-3-35 (m,
1 H), 3.55-3.85 (m, 1 H), 7.27 (s, 1 H).
HPLC-MS: mlz 456 (M+H).
Example 53
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000142_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cycloheptyl)- amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. 1H NMR (CDCI3): δλ .0-2.0 (m, 21 H), 2.69-2.75 (m, 2H), 2.91 -3.04 (m, 2H), 3.20-3.23 (d, 2H), 3.10-3.30 (m, 1 H), 3.34 (s, 3H), 3.50-3.80 (m, 1 H), 7.27 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: mlz 470 (M+H).
Example 54
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid -OH
HX ""Cxxxy-
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. 1H NMR (CDCI3): £1 .2 (t, 3H), 1 .0-2.0 (m, 19H), 2.69-2.81 (m, 2H), 2.91 -3.05 (2H, m), 3.25 (d, 2H), 3.10-3.60 (m, 2H), 3.38 (q, 2H), 7.22 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 470 (M+H).
Example 55 3-{2-[3-(fra/7s-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclopentyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000143_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via (4-tert-butyl-cyclohexyl)-cyclopentyl-amine and 3-(2-amino- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 454 (M+H).
1H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 1 1 .5 (br s, 1 H), 7.38 (s, 1 H), 3.83 (br s, 1 H), 3.64 (br s, 1 H), 2.85 (t, 2H), 2.49 (t,2H), 1.91 -1 .44 (m, 14H), 1 .23-0.93 (m, 3H), 0.85 (s, 9H).
Example 56
3-{2-[3-(fra/7s-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000143_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via (4-tert-butyl-cyclohexyl)-cyclohexyl-amine and 3-(2-amino- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 468 (M+H). 1H NMR (DMSO-Cl6) δ 1 1 .5 (br s, 1 H), 7.38 (s, 1 H), 3.55 (br s, 2H), 2.85 (t, 2H), 2.49 (t, 2H), 2.05-0.95 (m, 19H), 0.85 (s, 9H).
Example 57 3-{2-[3-(fra/7s-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000144_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(fr"ans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via (4-tert-butyl-cyclohexyl)-cycloheptyl-amine and 3-(2-amino- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 482 (M+H).
1H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 1 1 .5 (br s, 1 H), 7.38 (s, 1 H), 3.80 (br s, 2H),2.84 (t, 2H), 2.49 (t, 2H), 2.16 (br s, 2H), 1 .68-0.96 (m, 19H), 0.85 (s, 9H).
Example 58
2-{2-[3-(fra/7s-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclopentyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid
Figure imgf000144_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid (Example 38) via (4-tert-butyl-cyclohexyl)-cyclopentyl-amine and 2-
(2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 468 (M+H).
1H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 12.6 (br s, 1 H), 1 1 .1 (br s, 1 H), 7.38 (s, 1 H), 3.83 (br s, 1 H), 3.63 (br s,
1 H), 1 .93-1 .43 (m, 14H), 1 .40 (s, 6H), 1.23-0.94 (m, 3H), 0.85 (s, 9H).
Example 59
2-{2-[3-(fra/7s-4-tert-Butyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid
Figure imgf000145_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid (Example 38) via (4-tert-butyl-cyclohexyl)-cyclohexyl-amine and 2-(2- amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 482 (M+H).
1H NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 12.6 (br s, 1 H), 1 1.1 (br s, 1 H), 7.38 (s, 1 H), 3.40 (br s, 2H), 2.05-0.95 (m, 19H), 1 .40 (s, 6H), 0.85 (s, 9H).
Example 60 {2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- acetic acid
Figure imgf000145_0002
Prepared in an similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-ethoxymethyl-cycloheptyl)- amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (CDCI3): £1 .21 (t, 3H), 1.0-2.4 (m, 21 H), 3.23 (d, 2H), 3.33 (s, 2H), 3.30-3.70 (m, 2H), 3.43 (q, 2H), 7.22 (s, 1 H,) HPLC-MS: m/z 470 (M+H).
Example 61
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-cyclopropylmethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000145_0003
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid. Step 1 : Cyclohexyl-[frans^-cyclopropylmethoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (trans- 4-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, cyclopropylmethylbromide and cyclohexanone. Step 2: {2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans^-cyclopropylmethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5- ylsulfanylj-acetic acid was prepared using cyclohexyl-[frans^-cyclopropylmethoxy- cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.40 (s, 1 H), 3.6-3.2 (m, 3H), 3.47 (s, 2H), 3.23 (d, 3H), 2.2-0.9 (m, 19H), 0.45 (m, 2H), 0.14 (m, 2H). HPLC-MS: m/z 468 (M+H).
Example 62
3-{2-[-3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-cyclopropylmethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
Figure imgf000146_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cyclohexyl-[frans^-cyclopropylmethoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (trans-
4-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, cyclopropylmethylbromide and cyclohexanone.
Step 2: {2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans^-cyclopropylmethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5- ylsulfanylj-propionic acid was prepared using cyclohexyl-[frans^l-cyclopropylmethoxy- cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.37 (s, 1 H), 3.7-3.2 (m, 3H), 3.24 (d, 3H), 2.85 (t, 2H), 2.50 (t, 2H),
2.2-0.9 (m, 19H), 0.45 (m, 2H), 0.14 (m, 2H).
HPLC-MS: m/z 482(M+H).
Example 63
3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000146_0002
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cyclopentyl-[frans4-methoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (frans-4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, iodomethane and cyclopentanone. Step 2: 3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid was prepared using cyclopentyl-[frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.38 (s, 1 H), 3.87 (m, 1 H), 3.60 (m, 1 H), 3.33 (s, 3H), 3.10 (m, 1 H), 2.85 (t, 2H), 2.50 (t, 2H), 2.1 -1 .4 (m, 14H), 1 .31 -1 .15 (m, 2H). HPLC-MS: m/z428 (M+H).
Example 64
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000147_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cyclohexyl-[frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (frans-4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, iodomethane and cyclohexanone. Step 2: 3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid was prepared using cyclohexyl-[frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.32 (s, 1 H), 3.65-3.20 (m, 2H) 3.20 (s, 2H), 3.05 (m, 1 H), 2.80 (t, 2H),
2.45 (t, 2H), 2.15 -1 .00 (m, 18H). HPLC-MS: m/z442 (M+H).
Example 65
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid H
Figure imgf000148_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cycloheptyl-[frans4-methoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (frans-4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, iodomethane and cycloheptanone.
Step 2: 3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid was prepared using cycloheptyl-[frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.32 (s, 1 H), 3.20 (s, 3H), 3.08 (m, 1 H), 2.79 (t, 2H), 2.47 (t, 2H), 2.25- 1 .10 (m, 20H).
HPLC-MS: m/z 456 (M+H).
Example 66
3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(fra/7s-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000148_0002
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cyclopentyl-[frans4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (frans-4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, iodoethane and cyclopentanone.
Step 2: 3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans^-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid was prepared using cyclopentyl-[frans^-ethoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSOd6) δ 7.33 (s, 1 H); 3.82 (m, 1 H), 3.55 (M, 1 H), 3.40 (q, 2H), 3.15 (m, 1 H), 2.80 (t, 2H), 2.45 (t, 2H), 2.05 -1 .10 (m, 16H), 1 .05 (t, 3H).
HPLC-MS: m/z 442 (M+H).
Example 67 3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
Figure imgf000149_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cyclohexyl-[frans^-ethoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (frans-4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, iodoethane and cyclohexanone.
Step 2: {2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans^-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid was prepared using cyclohexyl-[frans4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) 5 1 1 .8 (bs, 1 H), 7.38 (s, 1 H), 3.7-3.2 (m, 2H), 3.40 (q, 2H), 3.20 (m, 1 H), 2.84 (t, 2H), 2.50 (t, 2H), 2.20-1 .15 (m, 18H), 1 .10 (t, 3H). HPLC-MS: m/z 456 (M+H).
Example 68
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000149_0002
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cycloheptyl-[frans4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (frans-4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, iodoethane and cycloheptanone.
Step 2: {2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid was prepared using cycloheptyl-[frans^-ethoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.32 (s, 1 H), 3.7-3.3 (m, 2H), 3.38 (q, 2H), 3.15 (m, 1 H), 2.80 (t, 2H),
2.45 (t, 2H), 2.2-1 .1 (m, 20H), 1 .03 (t, 3H).
HPLC-MS: m/z 470 (M+H). Example 69
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[fra/7s-4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
Figure imgf000150_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cyclohexyl-[frans^-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (trans- 4-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, 1 -bromo-2-methoxyethane and cyclohexanone. Step 2: (2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans^-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid was prepared using cyclohexyl-[frans^-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)- cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester. HPLC-MS: m/z 472(M+H).
Example 70
3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[fra/7s-4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid
Figure imgf000150_0002
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cyclohexyl-[frans^-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (trans- 4-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, 1 -bromo-2-methoxyethane and cyclohexanone. Step 2: (2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans^l-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid was prepared using cyclohexyl-[frans^-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)- cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 7.37 (s, 1 H), 3.7-3.3 (m, 2H), 3.52 (t, 2H), 3.42 (t, 2H), 3.25 (s, 3H), 3.3-3.18 (m, 1 H), 2.85 (t, 2H), 2.50 (t, 2H), 2.2-1 .0 (m, 18H). HPLC-MS: mlz 486 (M+H).
Example 71
{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- acetic acid
Figure imgf000151_0001
Prepared in an similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclopentyl)- amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. 1H NMR (CDCI3): δ 1 .10-2.00 (m, 17H), 3.21 (d, 2H), 3.32 (s, 3H), 3.34 (s, 2H), 3.35-3.50 (1 H, m), 3.70-3.85 (m, 1 H), 7.28 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: mlz 428 (M+H).
Example 72
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000151_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-ethoxymethyl-cycloheptyl)- amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. 1H NMR (CDCI3): £1 .22 (t, 3H), 1 .0-2.4 (m, 21 H), 2.65-2.76 (2H, m), 2.91 -3.03 (m, 2H), 3.23 (d, 2H), 3.1 -3.6 (m, 2H), 3.44 (q, 2H), 7.22 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: mlz 484 (M+H).
Example 73
3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000152_0001
Prepared in an similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclopentyl)- amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. 1H NMR (CDCI3): δ 1 .10-2.00 (m, 17H), 2.69-2.76 (m, 2H), 2.91 -3.01 (m, 2H), 3.21 (d, 2H), 3.32 (s, 3H), 3.25-3.48 (1 H, m), 3.60-3.85 (m, 1 H), 7.26 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: mlz 443 (M+H).
Example 74 2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-cyclopropylmethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl-propionic acid
Figure imgf000152_0002
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cyclohexyl-[frans^-cyclopropylmethoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (trans- 4-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, cyclopropylmethylbromide and cyclohexanone. Step 2: {2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans^l-cyclopropylmethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5- ylsulfanylj-acetic acid was prepared using cyclohexyl-[frans^-cyclopropylmethoxy- cyclohexyl]-amine and and 2-(2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester. HPLC-MS: mlz 496 (M+H).
Example 75 2-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[fra/7s-4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid
Figure imgf000153_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cyclohexyl-[frans^-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (trans- 4-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, 1 -bromo-2-methoxyethane and cyclohexanone. Step2: 2-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans^-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid was prepared using cyclohexyl-[frans^-(2-methoxy- ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-amine and 2-(2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester. HPLC-MS: m/z 500 (M+H).
Example 76 [2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid
Figure imgf000153_0002
Step 1 .
A mixture of glycine ethylester hydrochloride (15 mmol), 2-acetylamino-thiazole-5-sulfonyl chloride (12 mmol) (prepared as described in J. Am. Chem. Soc 69, 2063, 1947), DIPEA (35 mmol) in DCM (50 ml_) was stirred at room temperature over night. Addition of water and 1 N HCI to pH 2 resulted in precipitation. The precipitate was isolated by filtration, washed with water and dried to give (2-acetylamino-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino)-acetic acid ethyl ester (64%) as crystals. This was suspended in EtOH (15 ml_) and added 4N HCI in dioxane (15 ml_) and heated for 4 h at 80 0C and then cooled to room temperature. Addition of aqueous NaHCO3 to neutral pH. The organic phase was isolated and the aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2, and the combined organic phases were dried and concentrated in vacuo to give (2-amino-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino)-acetic acid ethyl ester (80%) as colourless crystals.
Step 2. An equimolar mixture of 1 ,1 -carbonyldiimidazole, (2-amino-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino)-acetic acid ethyl ester and DMAP (5mol%) in THF was heated for 2 h at 50-60 0C and then cooled to room temperature. Then dicyclohexylamine (1 equivalent) was added and the reaction is stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction mixture was quenched with water. The organic phase was isolated and the aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2, and the combined organic phases were dried and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was dissolved in MeCN and purified (HPLC method 1 ) to give [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5- sulfonylamino]-acetic acid ethyl ester. This material was dissolved in MeOH and treated with 20 equivalents of 1 N NaOH over night at room temperature. MeOH was removed by evapo- ration. Addition of 1 N HCI to pH<1 caused precipitation. The precipitate was isolated by filtration, washed with water and dried to give title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 445 (M+H).
1H NMR (CDCI3 + 2 dr CD3OD) δ 7.79 (s, 1 H), 3.80 (s, 2H), 3.40 (br s, 2H), 1 .90-1 .64 (m, 13H), 1 .42-1.13 (m, 7H).
Example 77
{2-[3-(1-Acetyl-piperidin-4-yl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000154_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid via 1 -(4-cyclohexylamino-piperidin-1 -yl)-ethanone (General procedure I) and (2-amino- thiazole-5-sulfonylamino)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. 1 H NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 12.7 (br s, 1 H), 1 1.4 (br s, 1 H), 8.16 (br t, 1 H), 8.78 (s, 1 H), 4.45 (br d, 1 H), 3.85 (br d, 1 H), 3.63 (d, 2H), 3.10 (t, 1 H), 2.59-2.45 (m, 1 H), 2.25-1.05 (m, 16H), 2.02 (s, 3H).
Example 78
2-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid
Figure imgf000154_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cycloheptyl-(fr"ans-4-ethoxymethyl-cycloheptyl)- amine and 2-(2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. 1H NMR (CDCI3): δ 1 .19 (t, 3H), 1 .10-2.00 (m, 21 H), 3.23 (d, 2H), 3.4 (q, 2H), 3.15-3.30 (m, 1 H), 3.70-3.95 (m, 1 H), 7.10 (s, 1 H,) HPLC-MS: mlz 498 (M+H).
Example 79 2-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- 2-methyl-propionic acid
Figure imgf000155_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cycloheptyl-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cycloheptyl)- amine and 2-(2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (CDCI3): δ 1 .00-2.00 (m, 21 H), 3.18 (d, 2H), 3.32 (s, 3H), 3.10-3.30 (m, 1 H), 3.65-
3.95 (m, 1 H), 7.08 (s, 1 H).
HPLC-MS: mlz 485 (M+H).
Example 80
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}- acetic acid
Figure imgf000155_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid (Example 76) via cyclohexyl-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)-amine (General procedure I) and (2-amino-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 460 (M+H). 1H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 12.7 (br s, 1 H), 1 1 .35 (br s, 1 H), 8.15 (t, 1 H), 7.76 (s, 1 H), 3.62 (d, 2H), 3.45 (br s, 2H), 1 .74-1 .02 (m, 19H), 0.88 (d, 3H). Example 81 S-^S^-Dicyclohexyl-ureidoHhiazole-δ-sulfonylaminol-propionic acid
Figure imgf000156_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid via dicyclohexylamine and 3-(2-amino-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 12.05 (br s, 2H), 7.79 (s, 1 H), 7.75 (t, 1 H), 3.48 (br s, 2H), 3.02 (q, 2H), 2.42 (t, 2H), 2.06-1.04 (m, 20H).
Example 82
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000156_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and 3-(2-amino-thiazole-5- sulfonylamino)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 12.3 (br s, 1 H), 1 1 .5 (br s, 1 H), 7.78 (s, 1 H), 7.75 (t, 1 H), 3.5 (br s, 2H),
3.01 (q, 2H), 2.41 (t, 2H), 2.10-1 .05 (m, 19H), 0.87 (d, 3H).
Example 83
{[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonyl]-methyl-amino}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000156_0003
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid via dicyclohexylamine and [(2-amino-thiazole-5-sulfonyl)-methyl-amino]-acetic acid methyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 459 (M+H). 1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.68 (s, 1 H), 4.14 (s, 2H), 3.37 (br s, 2H), 3.10 (s, 3H), 1 .86-1 .12 (m, 20H).
Example 84 ({2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-methyl- amino)-acetic acid
Figure imgf000157_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and [(2-amino-thiazole-5-sulfonyl)- methyl-amino]-acetic acid methyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 473 (M+H).
1H NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 12.8 (br s, 1 H), 1 1.5 (br s, 1 H), 7.87 (s, 1 H), 3.87 (s, 2H), 3.48 (br s, 2H), 2.81 (s, 3H), 1.95 (br s, 3H), 1 .76-0.99 (m, 16H), 0.87 (d, 3H).
Example 85
(S)-1-[2-(3,3-Dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonyl]-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
Figure imgf000157_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid via dicyclohexylamine and (S)-1 -(2-amino-thiazole-5-sulfonyl)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 485 (M+H).
1H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 12.78 (br s, 1 H), 11 .48 (br s, 1 H), 7.92 (s, 1 H), 4.02 (dd, 1 H), 3.57- 3.18 (m, 4H), 2.07-1 .05 (m, 24H).
Example 86
(S)-1-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}- pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
Figure imgf000157_0003
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid wa cyclohexyl-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and (S)-1 -(2-amino-thiazole-5- sulfonyl)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 499 (M+H). 1H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 12.78 (br s, 1 H), 11 .46 (br s, 1 H), 7.92 (s, 1 H), 4.02 (dd, 1 H), 3.60- 3.18 (m, 4H), 2.06-0.99 (m, 23H), 0.88 (d, 3H).
Example 87
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000158_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cycloheptyl-[frans4-propoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (frans-4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, 1 -bromopropane and cycloheptanone.
Step 2: {2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid was prepared using cycloheptyl-[fr"ans^-propoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-
5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.39 (s, 1 H), 3.70-3.15 (m, 3H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 2.20-1 .15 (m, 20), 0.87 (t, 3H).
HPLC-MS: m/z 470 (M+H).
Example 88
{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(fra/7s-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000158_0002
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cyclopentyl-[frans4-propoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (frans-4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, 1 -bromopropane and cyclopentanone. Step 2: {2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid was prepared using cyclopentyl-[frans^-propoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.35 (s, 1 H), 3.82 (m, 1 H), 3.55 (m, 1 H), 3.42 (s, 2H), 3.28 (t, 2H), 3.12 (m, 1 H), 2.1 -1.1 (m, 16H), 0.8 (t, 3H). HPLC-MS: m/z442 (M+H).
Example 89
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-isobutoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000159_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid using 2-(frans-4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, 3-bromo-2-methylpropene cycloheptanone and 2-(2-amino- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-acetic acid ethyl ester. The intermediate cyclohexyl-[fr"ans^-(2- methyl-allyloxy)-cyclohexyl]-amine was hydrogenated using the following procedure: Cyclo- hexyl-[4-(2-methyl-allyloxy)-cyclohexyl]-amine (540 mg, 2.15 mmol) was dissolved in 10 ml_ AcOH and the setup was flushed with N2 before 50 mg Pd/C was added. A balloon was charged with N2 and connected to the setup. The reaction mixture was stirred for three days at room temperature before the Pd was filtered off using a pad of celite. The filtrate was poured on 1 N NaOH (pH>12) and the mixture was extracted 3x with diethylether (50 ml_), and dried (MgSO4) to give cyclohexyl-(frans4-isobutoxy-cyclohexyl)-amine which was transformed to the title compound according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3- cyclopentyl-3-(frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid. 1 H NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 7.35 (s, 1 H), 3.7-3.1 (m, 3H), 3.43 (s, 2H), 3.13 (d, 2H), 2.2-0.9 (m, 18H), 0.82 (d, 6H).
HPLC-MS: m/z 470 (M+H). Example 90
2-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[fra/7s-4-(2-methyl-allyloxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid
Figure imgf000160_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cyclohexyl-[frans-4-(2-methyl-allyloxy)-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (trans-4- hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, 3-bromo-2-methyl-propene and cyclohexanone Step 2: 2-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[frans^-(2-methyl-allyloxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid was prepared using cyclohexyl-[frans^-(2-methyl- allyloxy)-cyclohexyl]-amine and 2-(2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester.
HPLC-MS: m/z 496 (M+H).
Example 91
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(ltrans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid
Figure imgf000160_0002
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cyclohexyl-[frans^-propoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (frans-4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, 1 -bromopropane and cyclohexanone.
Step 2: 2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid was prepared using cyclohexyl-[frans^-propoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and
2-(2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester. 1 H NMR (DMSO-Cl6) δ 7.38 (s, 1 H), 3.7-3.2 (m, 2H), 3.50 (t, 2H), 3.18 (m, 1 H), 2.2-1 .0 (m, 18H), 1 .39 (s, 6H), 0.85 (t, 3H). HPLC-MS: m/z 484 (M+H).
Example 92
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-isobutoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000161_0001
Prepared as described for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans4-isobutoxy-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid using 2-(2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-acetic acid ethyl ester in the coupling step.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.32 (s, 1 H), 4.0-3.2 (m, 3H), 3.12 (d, 2H), 2.80 (t, 2H), 2.48 (t, 2H),
2.2-0.9 (m, 18H), 0.80 (d, 6H).
HPLC-MS: m/z 484 (M+H).
Example 93
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000161_0002
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cycloheptyl-[frans4-propoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (frans-4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, 1 -bromopropane and cycloheptanone.
Step 2: 3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans^l-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid was prepared using cycloheptyl-[frans^-propoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester. 1 H NMR (DMSO-Cl6) δ 7.32 (s, 1 H), 3.7-3.2 (m, 3H), 3.30 (t, 2H), 2.80 (t, 2H), 2.45 (t, 2H), 2.3-1 .0 (m, m, 20H), 0.82 (t, 3H). HPLC-MS: mlz 484 (M+H).
Example 94
3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(fra/7s-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000162_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cyclopentyl-[frans4-propoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (frans-4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, 1 -bromopropane and cyclopentanone.
Step 2: 3-{2-[3-Cyclopentyl-3-(frans^l-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid was prepared using cyclopentyl-[frans^-propoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.32 (s, 1 H), 3.9-2.9 (m, 3H), 2.80 (t, 2H), 2.44 (t, 2H), 2.1 -1.0 (m,
16H), 0.80 (t, 3H).
HPLC-MS: mlz 456 (M+H).
Example 95
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid
Figure imgf000162_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-ethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- amine and 2-(2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (CDCI3): δλ .05-1.95 (19H, m), 1 .18 (t, 3H), 1 .58 (6H, s), 1 .0-2.4 (m, 21 H), 3.15-3.55 (m, 2H), 3.23 (d, 2H), 3.46 (q, 2H), 7.09 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 485 (M+H).
Example 96 {2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000163_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(fr"ans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-
5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid (Example 38) via cyclohexyl-(4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and (2- amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 474 (M+H). 1H NMR (DMSO) δ 12.4 (br s, 1 H), 7.41 (s, 1 H), 7.31 -7.16 (m, 5H), 3.58 (br s, 2H), 3.49 (s, 2H), 2.25-1 .10 (m, 19H).
Example 97
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
Figure imgf000163_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and 3-(2-amino-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 488 (M+H).
1H NMR (DMSO-de) 5 1 1 .8 (br s, 1 H), 7.39 (s, 1 H), 7.30-7.17 (m, 5H), 3.55 (br s, 2H), 2.87 (t, 2H), 2.50 (t, 2H), 2.25-1 .07 (m, 19H).
Example 98 {2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000164_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(fr"ans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cycloheptyl-(4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 488 (M+H).
1H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 1 1 .4 (br s, 1 H), 7.41 (s, 1 H), 7.32-7.16 (m, 5H), 3.55 (br s, 2H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 2.58-1 .42 (m, 21 H).
Example 99 3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
Figure imgf000164_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cycloheptyl-(4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and 3-(2-amino-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 502 (M+H).
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) 5 1 1 .8 (br s, 1 H), 7.39 (s, 1 H), 7.31 -7.17 (m, 5H), 3.87 (br s, 2H), 2.85 (t, 2H), 2.50 (t, 2H), 2.25-1 .45 (m, 21 H).
Example 100 2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl- propionic acid
Figure imgf000164_0003
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and 2-(2-amino-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 502 (M+H).
1H NMR (DMSO-Cl6) δ 12.2 (br s, 1 H), 7.40 (s, 1 H), 7.31 -7.17 (m, 5H), 3.60 (br s, 2H), 2.25- 1 .08 (m, 19H)1 1 .41 (s, 6H).
Example 101
2-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl- propionic acid
Figure imgf000165_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid (via cycloheptyl-(4-phenyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and 2-(2-amino-thiazol-
5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester.
HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 516 (M+H).
1H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 12.6 (br s, 1 H), 11 .2 (br s, 1 H), 7.40 (s, 1 H), 7.31 -7.17 (m, 5H), 3.90
(br s, 2H), 2.60-1 .42 (m, 21 H), 1 .40 (s, 6H).
Example 102
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- acetic acid
Figure imgf000165_0002
Step 1 ,
0.50 g of tøAt-butyl-frans-(4-hydroxymethylcyclohexyl)carbamate is dissolved in 30 mL of tet- rahydrofuran and 0,881 g (4,36 mmol) of tributylphoshine is added. The mixture is cooled in an ice bath and 1 .10 g of 1 ,1 -(azodicarbonyl)dipiperidine is added, stirred for 10 min. and 0,226 g of phenol is added. The reaction is stirred while the ice bath is allowed to reach room temperature over approx. 2h then stirred overnight at room temperature.
50 mL of water is added and the aqueous layer extracted with ethyl acetate, washed with 10% NaHSO4, 20 mL of sat. NaHCO3, 20 ml of brine, dried (MgSO4), filtered and concentrated in vacuo, filtered through a pad of silica using ethyl acetate and hexane as eluant and concentrated in vacuo to afford 0.6 g (frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-carbamic acid tert- butyl ester a white solid. HPLC-MS: m/z 328 (M+Na).
Step 2.
380 mg of (frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester is dissolved in 5 ml_ of dichloromethane and 5 ml of trifluoroacetic acid is added. The mixture is stirred for 2h, concentrated in vacuo and stripped twice from dichloromethane to afford 250 mg of trans-4- phenoxymethylcyclohexylamine trifluoroacetate as a white solid. HPLC-MS: m/z 205 (M+H).
Step 3. rrans-4-phenoxymethylcyclohexylamine trifluoroacetate (1 .2 mmol) is dissolved in a mixture of 4 ml of THF and 4 mL of MeOH in a 20 ml glass vial equipped with a magnetic stirrer and a screw cap. 117 mg of cyclohexanone and 3 g of 3A molecular sieves are added. The mixture is stirred for 10 min. after which 2.4 mL of 1 N sodiumcyanoborohydride in tetrahydrofu- ran is added. The reaction stirred 4 days at room temperature then filtered through celite washing through with 30 mL of dichloromethane. The organic phase is washed with 10 mL of water, 10 mL of brine, dried (MgSO4), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give 300 mg of cyclohexyl-(frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-amine. HPLC-MS: m/z 288 (M+H).
Step 4.
A mixture of (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester (0.13 g), carbonyl diimida- zole (0.11 g) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (4 mg) in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL) and tetrahydro- furan (10 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 2h. Cyclohexyl-(frans-4-phenoxymethyl- cyclohexyl)-amine was added and the reaction stirred overnight at room temperature. Purification by flash chromatography gave 80 mg {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(trans-4-phenoxymethyl- cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid ethyl ester HPLC-MS: m/z 532 (M+H).
Step 5.
80 mg of {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(trans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- acetic acid ethyl ester was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (1 mL) and 1 N sodium hydroxide (1 mL) was added. Stirred at room temperature for 2h then acidified with 1 N hydrochloric acid. White precipitate filtered and dried to give the title compound (73 mg) 1H NMR (DMSOd6): £1 .0-2.2 (m, 19H), 3.30-3.50 (m, 2H), 3.49 (s, 2H), 3.80 (d, 2H), 6.85- 6.95 (m, 3H), 7.25-7.33 (m, 2H), 7.39 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 504 (M+H).
Example 103
(E)-6-[4-(1 -Cyclohexyl-3-thiazol-2-yl-ureido)-piperidin-1 -yl]-6-oxo-hex-3-enoic acid
Figure imgf000167_0001
Prepared as described in general procedure (I) using 1 -cyclohexyl-1 -piperidin^-yl-S-thiazol-
2-yl-urea trans-2-butene-1 ,4-dicarboxylic acid.
1H NMR (CDCI3): δ 1 .00-2.80 (m, 14H), 3.00-3.25 (4H, m), 3.15-3.40 (m, 1 H), 3.80-3.95 (m,
3H), 4.65-4.80 (m, 2H), 5.60-5.70 (m, 1 H), 5.73-5.85 (m, 1 H), 6.88 (d, 1 H), 7.35 (d, 1 H).
HPLC-MS: m/z 435(M+H).
Example 104
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-isopropyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000167_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-isopropyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and (2-amino- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS: m/z = 440 (M+H). 1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.30 (s, 1 H), 3.38 (br s, 2H), 3.35 (s, 2H), 2.12-1.08 (m, 20H), 0.87 (d, 6H).
Example 105 {2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-isopropyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000168_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid (Example 38) via cycloheptyl-(frans-4-isopropyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS: m/z = 454 (M+H).
1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.29 (s, 1 H), 3.68 (br s, 1 H), 3.34 (s, 2H), 3.25 (br s, 1 H), 2.38 (br s, 2H), 1 .82-1 .04 (m, 20H), 0.89 (d, 6H).
Example 106 {2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000168_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-ethyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-
5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
HPLC-MS: m/z = 426 (M+H).
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ 7.34 (s, 1 H), 3.42 (br s, 2H), 3.37 (s, 2H), 2.20-1 .00 (m, 21 H),
0.90 (t, 3H).
Example 107
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}- acetic acid
Figure imgf000168_0003
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-amine (prepared according to the procedure described for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid (Step 1 ) using (frans-4-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3- dione, 1 -bromopropane and cyclohexanone) and (2-amino-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 503 (M+H).
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 12.7 (br s, 1 H), 1 1.4 (br s, 1 H), 8.16 (t, 1 H), 7.78 (s, 1 H), 3.62 (d, 2H), 3.45 (br s, 2H), 3.35 (t, 2H), 3.22-3.15 (m, 1 H), 2.25-1 .5 (m, 20H), 0.86 (t, 3H).
Example 108
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000169_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-amine (prepared according to the procedure described for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid (Step 1 ) using (frans-4-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3- dione, 1 -bromopropane and cyclohexanone) and 3-(2-amino-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino)- propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 517 (M+H).
1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.78 (s, 1 H), 6.54 (br t, 1 H), 3.58-3.19 (m, 5H), 3.41 (t, 2H), 2.55 (t, 2H), 2.20-1 .1 1 (m, 20H), 0.92 (t, 3H).
Example 109
({2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-methyl- amino)-acetic acid
Figure imgf000169_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-amine (prepared according to the procedure described for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid (Step 1 ) using (frans-4-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3- dione, 1 -bromopropane and cyclohexanone) and [(2-amino-thiazole-5-sulfonyl)-methyl- amino]-acetic acid methyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 517 (M+H).
1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.78 (s, 1 H), 3.86 (s, 2H), 3.58-3.32 (m, 2H), 3.41 (t, 2H), 3.28 (br t, 1 H), 2.90 (s, 3H), 2.20-1 .1 1 (m, 20H), 0.91 (t, 3H).
Example 110 3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-cyclopropylmethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
Figure imgf000170_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-cyclopropylmethoxymethyl- cyclohexyl)-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (CDCI3): δθ.08-0.15 (m, 2H), 0.40-0.46 (m, 2H)1 0.75-1.80-2.4 (m, 20H), 2..49-2.53
(m, 2H), 2.70-2.85 (m, 2H), 3.00-3.15 (m, 6H), 7.15 (s, 1 H).
HPLC-MS: m/z 497 (M+H).
Example 111
3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-cyclopropylmethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-
5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
Figure imgf000170_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cycloheptyl-(frans-4-cyclopropylmethoxymethyl- cyclohexyl)-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. 1H NMR (CDCI3): δθ.08-0.14 (m, 2H), 0.39-0.46 (m, 2H)1 0.75-1 .80-2.4 (m, 22H), 2.45-2.55 (m, 2H), 2.70-2.86 (m, 2H), 3.00-3.15 (m, 6H), 7.16 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 511 (M+H).
Example 112
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[4-(fra/7s-4-methoxy-phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
Figure imgf000171_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-[frans-4-(4-methoxy-phenoxymethyl)- cyclohexyl]-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (DMSOd6): £1 .0-2.2 (m, 19H), 3.30-3.50 (m, 2H), 3.47 (s, 2H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.72
(d, 2H), 6.80-6.90 (m, 4H), 7.22 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 534 (M+H).
Example 113
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[fra/7s-4-(4-fluoro-phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
Figure imgf000171_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-[frans-4-(4-fluoro-phenoxymethyl)- cyclohexyl]-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. 1H NMR (DMSOd6): £1 .0-2.2 (m, 19H), 3.30-3.65 (m, 2H), 3.52 (s, 2H), 3.76 (d, 2H), 6.90- 6.99 (m, 2H), 7.05-7.15 (m, 2H), 7.22 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 522 (M+H). Example 114
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[fra/7s-4-(4-imidazol-1-yl-phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
Figure imgf000172_0001
Prepared in an similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-[frans-4-(4-imidazol-1 -yl- phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-amineand (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (DMSOd6): £1 .0-2.2 (m, 19H), 3.30-3.66 (m, 6H), 6.90-6.99 (m, 2H), 7.19 (d, 2H), 7.38 (s, 1 H,) 7.71 (d, 2H), 7.81 (s, 1 H), 8.20 (s, 1 H), 9.59 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 570 (M+H).
Example 115
{2-[3-(fra/7s-4-tert-Butoxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000172_0002
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 . Cycloheptyl-[frans4-tøAt-butoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using frans-4-terMDutoxy- cyclohexylamine and cyclohexanone.
Step 2.
{2-[3-(frans4-tert-Butoxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid was prepared using cycloheptyl-[frans^-terf-butoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.30 (s, 1 H), 3.7-3.3 (m ,3H), 3.35 (s, 2H), 1.95-1 .3 (m, 20H), 1.20 (s,
9H).
HPLC-MS: m/z 484 (M+H). Example 116 {2-[3-(4-tert-Butoxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000173_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 .
Cyclohexyl-[frans^-terf-butoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using trans-4-tert-butoxy- cyclohexylamine and cyclohexanone. Step 2.
{2-[3-(4-tøAt-Butoxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid was prepared using cyclohexyl-[frans4-terf-butoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) 57.39 (s, 1 H), 3.7-3.3 (m, 3H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 2.2-1 .2 (m, 18H), 1 .13 (s, 9H).
HPLC-MS: m/z 470 (M+H).
Example 117
3-{2-[3-(fra/7s-4-tert-Butoxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000173_0002
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cycloheptyl-[frans4-terf-butoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using trans-4-tert- butoxy-cyclohexylamine and cycloheptanone.
Step 2: 3-{2-[3-(frans^-tert-Butoxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid was prepared using cycloheptyl-[frans^-terf-butoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester. 1 H NMR (DMSO-Cl6) 57.38 (s, 1 H), 3.7-3.3 (m, 2H), 3.33 (s, 2H), 2.84 (t, 2H), 2.50 (t, 2H), 2.2-1 .2 (m, 20H)1 1.13 (S1 9H). HPLC-MS: m/z 498 (M+H).
Example 118
3-{2-[3-(4-tert-Butoxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid
Figure imgf000174_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cyclohexyl-[frans^-terf-butoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using trans-4-tert- butoxy-cyclohexylamine and cyclohexanone.
Step 2: 3-{2-[3-(4-tert-Butoxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid was prepared using cyclohexyl-[frans4-terf-butoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.38 (s, 1 H), 3.7-3.2 (m, 3H), 3.30 (s, 2H), 2.84 (t, 2H), 2.2-1.2 (m,
18H), 1 .15 (s, 9H).
HPLC-MS: m/z 485 (M+H).
Example 119
{2-[3-(fra/7s-4-Benzyloxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000174_0002
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cyclohexyl-[frans^-benzyloxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (trans-4- hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, benzyl bromide and cyclohexanone. Step 2: {2-[3-(frans^-Benzyloxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid was prepared using cyclohexyl-[frans4-benzyloxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.39 (s, 1 H), 7.39-7.22 (m, 5H), 4.50 (s, 2H), 3.7-3.2 (m, 3H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 2.2-1.0 (m, 18H).
HPLC-MS: mlz 504 (M+H).
Example 120
{2-[3-(fra/7s-4-Benzyloxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000175_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 . Cycloheptyl-[frans4-benzyloxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (frans-4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dion, benzyl bromide and cycloheptanone.
Step 2.
{2-[3-(frans4-Benzyloxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid was prepared using cycloheptyl-[frans^-benzyloxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.39 (s, 1 H), 7.4-7.2 (m, 5H), 4.51 (s, 2H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 3.7-3.2 (m,
3H), 2.2-1.1 (m, 20H).
HPLC-MS: m/z 518 (M+H).
Example 121
3-{2-[3-(fra/7s-4-Benzyloxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000176_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid. Step 1 . Cyclohexyl-[frans^-benzyloxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (frans-4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, benzyl bromide and cyclohexanone. Step 2.
3-{2-[3-(frans^l-Benzyloxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-propionic acid was prepared using cyclohexyl-[frans4-benzyloxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.40-7.24 (m, 6H), 4.51 (s; 2H), 3.7-3.3 (m, 3H), 2.84 (t, 2H), 2.50 (t, 2H), 2.2-1.0 (m, 18H). HPLC-MS: mlz 518 (M+H).
Example 122
3-{2-[3-(fra/7s-4-Benzyloxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000176_0002
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cycloheptyl-[frans4-benzyloxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (trans-4- hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, benzyl bromide and cycloheptanone.
Step 2: 3-{2-[3-(frans^-Benzyloxy-cyclohexyl)-3-cycloheptyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid was prepared using cycloheptyl-[frans^l-benzyloxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.40-7.23 (m, 6H), 4.50 (s, 2H), 3.7-3.2 (m, 3H), 2.83 (t, 2H), 2.49 (t,
2H), 2.2-1.2 (m, 20H) HPLC-MS: m/z 532 (M+H).
Example 123
2-({2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-methyl- amino)-N,N-diethyl-acetamide
Figure imgf000177_0001
An equimolar mixture of HOBt, ({2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]- thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-methyl-amino)-acetic acid was added EDAC (1 .5 eq) and diisopropylethyl amine (1 .2 eq) and dry DMF (10 mL/mmol). The solution was stirred 30 min at rt and then diethyl amine (1 .5 eq) was added and stirring was continued over night.
The reaction mixture was quenched with water. The organic phase was isolated and the aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2, and the combined organic phases were dried and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was dissolved in MeCN and purified (HPLC method 1 ) to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 528 (M+H).
1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.79 (s, 1 H), 3.92 (s, 2H), 3.44-3.33 (m, 6H), 2.90 (s, 3H), 1 .95-1 .75 (m, 13H), 1 .47-1.03 (m, 12H), 0.92 (d, 3H).
Example 124 2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-2- methyl-propionic acid
Figure imgf000177_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and 2-(2-amino-thiazole-5- sulfonylamino)-2-methyl-propionic acid methyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 487 (M+H).
1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.67 (s, 1 H), 5.65 (br s, 1 H), 5.20 (br s, 1 H), 3.60-3.05 (m, 2H), 2.22-1 .02 (m, 19H), 1 .60 (s, 6H), 0.92 (d, 3H).
Example 125 1-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}- cyclobutanecarboxylic acid
Figure imgf000178_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and 1 -(2-amino-thiazole-5- sulfonylamino)-cyclobutanecarboxylic acid methyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 500 (M+H).
1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.60 (s, 1 H), 5.23 (br s, 1 H), 3.55 (br s, 1 H), 3.05 (br s, 1 H), 2.68-2.52 (m, 5H), 2.18-1 .05 (m, 20H), 0.91 (d, 3H).
Example 126
1-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}- cyclopropanecarboxylic acid
Figure imgf000178_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans^l-methyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and 1 -(2-amino-thiazole-5- sulfonylamino)-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 485 (M+H). 1H NMR (DMSO-d6) δ 12.5 (br s, 1 H), 1 1.32 (br s, 1 H), 8.68 (s, 1 H), 7.68 (s, 1 H), 2.07-1 .00 (m, 25H), 0.87 (d, 3H).
Example 127
(R)-1-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}- pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
Figure imgf000178_0003
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid v/a cyclohexyl-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and (R)-1 -(2-amino-thiazole-5- sulfonyl)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 499 (M+H). 1H NMR identical to that of (S)-1 -{2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]- thiazole-δ-sulfonylj-pyrrolidine^-carboxylic acid.
Example 128
1-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}- cyclobutanecarboxylic acid
Figure imgf000179_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-amine (prepared according to the procedure described for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid (Step 1 ) using (frans-4-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3- dione, 1 -bromopropane and cyclohexanone) and 1 -(2-amino-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino)- cyclobutanecarboxylic acid methyl ester to give the title compound.
HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 543 (M+H).
1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.60 (s, 1 H), 5.50 (br s, 1 H), 3.59 (br s, 1 H), 3.42 (t, 2H), 3.31 -3.22 (m, 1 H), 2.68-2.51 (m, 4H),2.18-1 .1 1 (m, 22H), 0.93 (t, 3H).
Example 129
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-cyclopropylmethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000179_0002
Prepared in an similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-cyclopropylmethoxymethyl- cyclohexyl)-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. 1H NMR (CDCI3): δθ.08-0.15 (m, 2H), 0.40-0.50 (m, 2H)1 0.80-2.00 (m, 20H), 2.80-3.50 (2H, m), 3.13 (d, 2H), 3.18 (d, 2H), 7.25 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 483 (M+H).
Example 130
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-cyclopropylmethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000180_0001
Prepared in an similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cycloheptyl-(frans-4-cyclopropylmethoxymethyl- cyclohexyl)-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (CDCI3): δθ.08-0.15 (m, 2H), 0.40-0.50 (m, 2H)1 0.80-1 .90 (m, 20H), 2.80-3.50 (2H, m), 3.13 (d, 2H), 3.15 (d, 2H), 3.30-(s, 2H), 7.20 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 497 (M+H).
Example 131
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-2- methyl-propionic acid
Figure imgf000180_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-amine (prepared according to the procedure described for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid (Step 1 ) using (frans-4-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3- dione, 1 -bromopropane and cyclohexanone) and 2-(2-amino-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino)-2- methyl-propionic acid methyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 531 (M+H).
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ 7.65 (s, 1 H), 5.28 (br s, 1 H), 3.60 (br s, 1 H), 3.42 (t, 2H), 3.30- 3.02 (m, 2H), 2.47-1 .1 1 (m, 20H), 1.61 (s, 6H), 0.92 (d, 3H). Example 132
(R)-1-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}- pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
Figure imgf000181_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-amine (prepared according to the procedure described for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid (Step 1 ) using (frans-4-hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3- dione, 1 -bromopropane and cyclohexanone) and (R)-1 -(2-amino-thiazole-5-sulfonyl)- pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 543 (M+H).
1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ 7.83 (s, 1 H), 4.18 (dd, 1 H), 3.63-3.23 (m, 8H), 2.27-1 .11 (m, 27H), 0.92 (d, 3H).
Example 133
{2-[3-(fra/7s-4-Benzyloxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-3-cyclohexyl-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- acetic acid
Figure imgf000181_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via (frans-4-benzyloxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-cyclohexyl- amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (DMSOd6): δλ .00-2.10 (m, 19H), 3.15-3.55 (m, 2H), 3.20 (d, 2H), 3.47 (s, 2H), 4.45
(s, 2H), 7.20-7.45 (m 6H).
HPLC-MS: mlz 518 (M+H).
Example 134
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-isopropoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000182_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid using cyclohexyl-(4-isopropoxy- cyclohexyl)-amine and amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSOd6) δ 7.39 (s, 1 H), 3.65 (h, 1 H), 3.6-3.2 (m,3H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 2.2- 1 .0 (m, 18H), 1.07 (d, 6H). HPLC-MS: mlz 457 (M+H).
Example 135 {2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-isopropoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000182_0002
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid using cycloheptyl-(4-isopropoxy- cyclohexyl)-amine and amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.39 (s, 1 H), 3.68 (h, 1 H), 3.6-3.2 (m, 3H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 2.2-1 .1 (m, 20H), 1 .08 (d, 6H). HPLC-MS: m/z471 (M+H).
Example 136
{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- acetic acid
Xu 'N u N rw-T Prepared in an similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cycloheptyl-(frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. 1H NMR (DMSOd6): J1 .10-2.15 (m, 21 H), 3.30-3.50 (m, 2H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 3.79 (d, 2H), 6.87-6.95 (m, 3H), 7.27(d, 2H,), 7.39 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 518 (M+H).
Example 137
(2-{3-Cycloheptyl-3-[fra/7s-4-(4-methoxy-phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
Figure imgf000183_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cycloheptyl-[frans-4-(4-methoxy-phenoxymethyl)- cyclohexyl]-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (DMSO-de): £1 .0-2.2 (m, 21 H), 3.30-3.50 (m, 2H), 3.45 (s, 2H), 3.69 (s, 3H), 3.72
(d, 2H), 6.80-6.90 (m, 4H), 7.40 (s, 1 H).
HPLC-MS: m/z 548 (M+H).
Example 138
(2-{3-Cycloheptyl-3-[fra/7s-4-(4-fluoro-phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
Figure imgf000183_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cycloheptyl-[frans-4-(4-fluoro-phenoxymethyl)- cyclohexyl]-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (DMSOd6): £1 .15-2.20 (m, 21 H), 3.20-3.50 (m, 2H), 3.46 (s, 2H), 3.80 (d, 2H), 6.93 (d, 2H), 7.37 (t, 2H), 7.39 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 536 (M+H).
Example 139
(2-{3-Cycloheptyl-3-[fra/7s-4-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
Figure imgf000184_0001
Prepared in an similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cycloheptyl-[frans-4-(4-trifluoromethyl- phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (DMSOd6): £1 .15-2.20 (m, 21 H), 3.20-4.00 (m, 2H), 3.46 (s, 2H), 3.75 (d, 2H), 6.95 (dd, 2H), 7.12 (t, 2H), 7.40 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 586 (M+H).
Example 140
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[fra/7s-4-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
Figure imgf000184_0002
Prepared in an similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-[frans-4-(4-trifluoromethyl- phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. 1H NMR (DMSO): £1 .15-2.20 (m, 19H), 3.10-3.60 (m, 2H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 3.88 (d, 2H), 7.12 (d, 2H), 7.40 (s, 1 H), 7.61 (d, 2H). HPLC-MS: mlz 572 (M+H).
Example 141
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000185_0001
Prepared in an similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (DMSO-de): δλ .05-2.00 (m, 19H), 2.50 (t, 2H), 2.82 (t, 2H), 3.30-3.50 (m, 2H), 3.78
(d, 2H), 6.91 (d, 3H), 7.25 (d, 2H), 7.38 (s, 1 H).
Example 142
3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[fra/7s-4-(4-methoxy-phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-
5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid
Figure imgf000185_0002
Prepared in an similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-[frans-4-(4-methoxy-phenoxymethyl)- cyclohexyl]-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. 1H NMR (DMSO-de): δλ .0-2.2 (m, 19H), 2.50 (t, 2H), 2.82 (t, 2H), 3.20-3.90 (m, 2H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.72 (d, 2H), 6.82 (m, 4H), 7.37 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: mlz 548 (M+H).
Example 143 3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[fra/7s-4-(4-fluoro-phenoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid
Figure imgf000186_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-[frans-4-(4-fluoro-phenoxymethyl)- cyclohexyl]-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (DMSOd6): δλ .05-2.20 (m, 19H), 2.50 (t, 2H), 2.82 (t, 2H), 3.20-3.90 (m, 2H), 3.72 (d, 2H), 6.92 (dd, 2H), 7.10 (t, 2H), 7.38 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: mlz 536 (M+H).
Example 144
3-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-isopropoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000186_0002
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid using cyclohexyl-(4-isopropoxy- cyclohexyl)-amine and amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSOd6) δ 7.38 (s, 2H), 3.68 (h, 1 H), 3.6-3.2 (m, 3H), 2.83 (t, 2H), 2.50 (t, 2H), 2.2-1 .0 (m, 18H), 1 .05 (d, 6H). HPLC-MS: mlz 470 (M+H).
Example 145 3-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-isopropoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- propionic acid
Figure imgf000187_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid using cycloheptyl-(4-isopropoxy- cyclohexyl)-amine and amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester. 1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.38 (s, 1 H), 3.68 (h, 1 H), 3.8-3.1 (m, 3H), 2.85 (t, 2H), 2.50 (t, 2H), 2.2-1 .12 (m, 20H), 1 .08 (d, 6H). HPLC-MS: mlz 484 (M+H).
Example 146 3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[4-(fra/7s-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
Figure imgf000187_0002
Prepared in an similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-[4-(frans-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)- cyclohexyl]-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (CDCI3): £1 .0-2.0 (m, 19H), 3.0-3.60 (m, 2H), 3.28 (d, 2H), 3.39 (s, 3H), 3.50-3.60
(m, 4H), 7.36 (m, 1 H).
HPLC-MS: mlz 487 (M+H).
Example 147
3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[4-(fra/7s-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid
Figure imgf000187_0003
Prepared in an similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-[4-(frans-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)- cyclohexyl]-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (CDCI3): £1 .0-2.0 (m, 19H), 2.9-3.60 (m, 2H), 2.70 (t, 2H), 2.95-3.03 (m, 2H), 3.30 (d, 2H), 3.40 (s, 3H), 3.50-3.60 (m, 4H), 7.31 (m, 1 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 501 (M+H).
Example 148
(2-{3-Cycloheptyl-3-[4-(fra/7s-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
Figure imgf000188_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cycloheptyl-[4-(frans-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)- cyclohexyl]-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. 1H NMR (CDCI3): £1 .0-2.0 (m, 21 H), 3.0-3.60 (m, 2H), 3.30 (d, 2H), 3.33-3.38 (m, 2H), 3.39 (s, 3H), 3.50-3.60 (m, 4H), 7.32 (bs, 1 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 500 (M+H).
Example 149 3-(2-{3-Cycloheptyl-3-[4-(fra/7s-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid
Figure imgf000188_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cycloheptyl-[4-(frans-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)- cyclohexyl]-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (CDCI3): £1 .0-2.0 (m, 21 H), 2.9-3.80 (m, 2H), 2.71 (t, 2H), 2.95-3.00 (m, 2H),
3.32(d, 2H), 3.40 (s, 3H), 3.51 -3.60 (m, 4H), 7.30 (m, 1 H).
HPLC-MS: m/z 515 (M+H).
Example 150 (2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[4-(fra/7s-2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
Figure imgf000189_0001
Prepared in an similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-phenoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-[fr-ans^-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxymethyl)- cyclohexyl]-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (CDCI3): J1 .1 1 -2.25 (m, 19H), 3.28-3.50 (m, 2H), 3.34 (s, 2H), 3.44 (d, 2H), 3.81 (q, 2H), 7.27 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 511 (M+H).
Example 151
(2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetyl)- methanesulfonamide
Figure imgf000189_0002
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid was prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid v/a cyclohexyl-(frans-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-amine (prepared according to the procedure described for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(fr"ans^-methoxy- cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid (Step 1 ) using (frans-4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, 1 -bromopropane and cyclohexanone) and (2-amino-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester. {2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]- thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid (0.5 mmol), 1 ,1 '-carbonyldiimidazole (0.51 mmol) and 4- dimethylpyridine (0,05 mmol) was dissolved in anhydrous THF (3 ml_). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. To this solution was added methansulfonamide (0.95 mmol) and stirred for 2-3 minutes. A solution of 1 ,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undece-7-ene (0.6 mmol) in THF (0.5 ml_) was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours and concentrated. The crude product was purified by HPLC (method 1 ) to give the title compound in 45 % yield.
1H NMR (CDCI3): δ 7.44 (s, 1 H), 3.49 (s, 2H), 3.41 (m, 3H), 3.33 (s, 3H), 3.23 (m, 2H), 2.30- 2.09 (m, 4H), 1.85-1 .65 (m, 10H), 1.57 (sextet, 2H), 1.42-1.30 (m, 4H), 1 .15 (m, 1 H), 0.91 (t, 3H).
HPLC-MS: mlz 534 (M+1 )
Example 152
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-cyclopropylmethoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl-propionic acid
Figure imgf000190_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-cyclopropylmethoxymethyl- cyclohexyl)-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (CDCI3): δ 0.15-0.20 (m, 2H), 0.47-0.54 (m, 2H)1 0.75-1 .80-2.4 (m, 26H), 3.00-3.60 (m, 6H), 7.15 (s, 1 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 51 1 (M+H).
Example 153
2-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[4-(fra/7s-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid
Figure imgf000190_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-[4-(frans-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)- cyclohexyl]-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (CDCI3): δλ .0-2.0 (m, 25H), 3.0-3.85 (m, 2H), 3.29 (d, 2H), 3.39 (s, 3H), 3.52-3.59
(m, 4H), 7.06 (bs, 1 H). HPLC-MS: m/z 515 (M+H). Example 154
2-(2-{3-Cycloheptyl-3-[4-(fra/7s-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid
Figure imgf000191_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cycloheptl-[4-(frans-2-methoxy-ethoxymethyl)- cyclohexyl]-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (CDCI3): £1 .0-2.0 (m, 27H), 3.0-3.85 (m, 2H), 3.27 (d, 2H), 3.38 (s, 3H), 3.52-3.60 (m, 4H), 7.15 (bs, 1 H).
HPLC-MS: mlz 528 (M+H).
Example 155
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}- 2-methyl-propionic acid
Figure imgf000191_0002
Prepared in an similar manner to {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cyclohexyl)- ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans-4-methoxymethyl-cycloheptyl)- amine and 2-(2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H NMR (CDCI3): δ 1 .0-2.0 (m, 25H), 3.15-3.70 (2H, m), 3.21 (d, 2H), 3.33 (s, 3H), 7.10 (s,
1 H).
HPLC-MS: mlz 470 (M+H).
Example 156
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(c/s-4-propoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000192_0001
Step 1 .
A mixture of c/s^-aminocyclohexanol hydrochloride (4 mmol) and cyclohexanone (8 mmol) and molecular sieves (3 A, 1 g) in anhydrous MeOH (10 ml_) was stirred under N2 at room temperature for 10 min. The mixture was added NaBH3CN (8 mmol) and glacial AcOH (0.1 ml_) and stirred for further 24 h. Addition of NaBH4 (1 .3 mmol) followed by stirring for another 10 min. The mixture was filtered and the residue was extracted with MeOH (10 ml_) and the combined filtrates were evaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in 1 M aqueous HCI (15 ml_) and washed with TBME (15 ml_). The aqueous phase was added 10% aqueous NaOH until pH 14 and extracted with TBME (15 ml_). The organic phase was washed with H2O (10 ml), dried (Na2SO4), and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure affording crude cyclohexyl-c/s-(4-hydroxycyclohexyl)amine which was used in the next step without further purification. Step 2. A mixture of NaH (60% susp.,1 .4 mmol) and ethylene glycol dimethylether (3 ml_) was added cyclohexyl-c/s-(4-hydroxycyclohexyl)-amine (0.36 mmol) and the mixture was stirred under N2 at rt for 5 min followed by addition of propylbromide (5.5 mmol). The mixture was refluxed for 18 h under N2. The reaction mixture was cooled to rt and quenched with anhydrous EtOH (0.5 ml_). The mixture was filtered and the residue was extracted with ethylene glycol di- methylether (2 ml_). The organic phase was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure and co-evaporated with toluene (10 Ll). The residue was added HCI in MeOH (1 .25 M, 5 ml_) and evaporated under reduced pressure affording a white solid. The solid was washed with TBME (2 ml_) and dissolved in a mixture of DCM (5 ml_) and 1 M aqueous NaOH (5 ml_). The organic phase was washed with H2O (5 ml_), dried (Na2SO4), and evaporated under reduced pressure to give the desired cyclohexyl-cis-(4-propoxycyclohexyl)amine as an oil which was used in the next step without further purification.
Step 3 (coupling and hydrolysis).
The title compound was prepared in a similar manner as {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans^- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid using cyclohexyl-cis-(4- propoxycyclohexyl)-amine and amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester. 1H-NMR (DMSO-Cl6) δ 1 1 .50 (br s, 1 H), 7.38 (s, 1 H), 3.64 (m, 1 H), 3.46 (s, 2H), 3.45-3.25 (m, 4H), 2.14-1.93 (m, 4H), 1 .92-1 .84 (m, 2H), 1 .78-1 .69 (m, 2H), 1 .60-1.40 (m, 7H), 1 .36-1.18 (m, 4H), 1.16-1 .03 (m, 1 H), 0.93 (t, 3H).
Example 157
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-phenoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000193_0001
Step 1 . A stirred solution of N-Boc protected c/s^-hydroxycyclohexylamine (1 mmol, prepared as described in WO 2005/019222) in toluene (10 mL) and THF (1 ml_) at 0 0C was added triphenylphosphine (1 .5 mmol), diisopropylazodicarboxylate (1 .7 mmol) and phenol (2 mmol). The mixture was allowed to stir at room temperature for 4 h and then concentrated under reduced pressure, taken up in DCM and washed with aqueous Na2CO3. The organic phase was dried, filtered and concentrated to give a crude product which was purified by flash chromatography to give the desired N-Boc protected frans-4-phenoxycyclohexylamine which was used without further purification.
Step 2 (4-Phenoxy-cyclohexyl)-carbamic acid tert-butyl ester (1 mmol) is dissolved in 5 mL of di- chloromethane and 5 mL of trifluoroacetic acid is added. The mixture is stirred for 2h, concentrated in vacuo and stripped twice from dichloromethane to afford the TFA salt of trans-4- phenoxy-cyclohexylamine as a white solid. Step 3 To a mixture of frans-4-phenoxycyclohexylamine (1 mmol) in 6 ml of THF and 6 ml of MeOH was added cyclohexanone (2 mmol), NaOAc (2 mmol) and 3g of 3A molecular sieves. The mixture is stirred for 10 min after which 1 N sodiumcyanoborohydride in tetrahydrofuran (2.4 mmol) is added. The reaction is stirred 1 day at room temperature then filtered through celite washing through with 30 mL of dichloromethane. The organic phase is washed with 10 ml of water, 10 mL of brine, dried (MgSO4), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give crude cyclo- hexyl-(trans-4-phenoxy-cyclohexyl)amine which was used in the next step without further purification.
Step 4 (coupling and hydrolysis). The title compound was prepared in a similar manner as {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans^- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid using cyclohexyl-(trans-4- phenoxy-cyclohexyl)-amine and amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 490 (M+H).
1H-NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.40 (s, 1 H), 7.28 (t, 2H), 6.95 (d, 2H), 6.90 (t, 1 H), 4.34-4.28 (m, 1 H), 3.51 (br s, 2H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 2.25-1 .07 (m, 18H).
Example 158
(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[fra/7s-4-(pyridin-2-yloxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)- acetic acid
Figure imgf000194_0001
Prepared in a similar manner {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans^-phenoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-[frans-4-(pyridin-2-yloxy)-cyclohexyl]-amine and (2- amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS method 2: m/z = 491 (M+H). 1H-NMR (DMSOd6) δ 12.2 (br s, 1 H), 8.15 (dd, 1 H), 7.69 (dt, 1 H), 7.41 (s, 1 H), 6.95 (dt, 1 H), 6.76 (d, 1 H), 5.00-4.92 (m, 1 H), 3.55 (br s, 2H), 3.48 (s, 2H), 2.28-1.05 (m, 18H).
Example 159
3-(2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[fra/7s-4-(pyridin-2-yloxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)- propionic acid
Figure imgf000194_0002
Prepared in a similar manner {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(?rans^-phenoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-[frans-4-(pyridin-2-yloxy)-cyclohexyl]-amine and 3-(2- amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS: m/z = 505 (M+H). 1H-NMR (DMSOd6) δ 1 1 .9 (br s, 1 H), 8.15 (dd, 1 H), 7.69 (dt, 1 H), 7.39 (s, 1 H), 6.94 (dd, 1 H), 6.77 (d, 1 H), 5.01 -4.93 (m, 1 H), 3.58 (br s, 2H), 2.85 (t, 2H), 2.50 (t, 2H), 2.28-1 .05 (m, 18H).
Example 160 (2-{3-Cyclohexyl-3-[fra/7s-4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-ureido}-thiazol-5- ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid
Figure imgf000195_0001
Prepared in a similar manner {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans^-phenoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol- 5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-[trans-4-(2,2,2-trifluoro-ethoxy)-cyclohexyl]-amine and (2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
1H-NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.25 (s, 1 H), 3.84 (q, 2H), 3.54-3.22 (m, 3H), 3.33 (s, 2H), 2.40-1 .10 (m, 18H).
Example 161 2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonic acid methyl- amide
Figure imgf000195_0002
Step 1 .
Methylamine (2M in THF, 40 mmol) was added to a suspension of 2-acetylamino-thiazole-5- sulfonyl chloride (10 mmol) (prepared as described in J. Am. Chem. Soc 69, 2063, 1947) in THF (10 ml_) at -20 0C. The mixture was stirred at room temperature over night and evaporated to dryness. The crude methylsulfonamide was suspended in EtOH (15 ml_) and added 4N HCI in dioxane (15 ml_) and heated for 4 h at 80 0C and then cooled to room temperature and evaporated to dryness to give crude 2-amino-thiazole-5-sulfonic acid methylamide.
Step 2. An equimolar mixture of 1 ,1 -carbonyldiimidazole, 2-amino-thiazole-5-sulfonic acid methylamide and DMAP (5mol% ) in THF was heated for 2 h at 50-60 0C and then cooled to room temperature. Then cyclohexyl-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)-amine (1 equivalent; General procedure E) was added and the reaction was stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction mixture was quenched with water. The organic phase was isolated and the aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2, and the combined organic phases were dried and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was dissolved in MeCN and purified (HPLC method 1 ) to give the title compound. HPLC-MS: m/z = 415 (M+H). 1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.80 (s, 1 H), 5.46 (br q, 1 H), 3.40 (br s, 2H), 2.74 (d, 3H), 1 .99-1.62 (m, 1 1 H), 1 .45-1.01 (m, 8H), 0.90 (d, 3H).
Example 162
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-
N,N-diethyl-acetamide
Figure imgf000196_0001
The title compound was prepared in a similar manner to 2-({2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4- methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-methyl-amino)-N,N-diethyl-acetamide using {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-acetic acid and diethylamine. HPLC-MS: m/z = 514 (M+H).
1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 5.93 (br t, 1 H), 3.86 (d, 2H), 3.47-3.33 (m, 4H), 3.21 (q, 2H), 1 .98-1 .65 (m, 13H), 1.47-1 .01 (m, 12H), 0.93 (d, 3H).
Example 163 2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-N- methyl-acetamide
Figure imgf000197_0001
The title compound was prepared in a similar manner to 2-({2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4- methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-methyl-amino)-N,N-diethyl-acetamide using {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-acetic acid and methylamine.
HPLC-MS: m/z = 472 (M+H).
1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.80 (s, 1 H), 6.50 (br q, 1 H), 6.28 (br s, 1 H), 3.66 (br s, 2H), 3.42 (br s,
2H), 2.84 (d, 3H), 1 .99-1.65 (m, 13H), 1 .47-1.00 (m, 6H), 0.91 (d, 3H).
Example 164
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-N- isopropyl-acetamide
Figure imgf000197_0002
The title compound was prepared in a similar manner to 2-({2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4- methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-methyl-amino)-N,N-diethyl-acetamide using
{2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-acetic acid and isopropylamine.
HPLC-MS: m/z = 500 (M+H).
1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.80 (s, 1 H), 6.68 (br s, 1 H), 6.25 (br s, 1 H), 4.05 (octet, 1 H), 3.64 (br s, 2H), 3.42 (br s, 2H), 1 .99-1.64 (m, 13H), 1 .47-1.00 (m, 6H), 1 .14 (d, 6H), 0.92 (d, 3H).
Example 165
2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonic acid (2- morpholin-4-yl-2-oxo-ethyl)-amide
Figure imgf000197_0003
The title compound was prepared in a similar manner to 2-({2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4- methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}-methyl-amino)-N,N-diethyl-acetamide using {2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino}-acetic acid and morpholine. HPLC-MS: m/z = 528 (M+H).
1H NMR (CDCI3) δ 7.92 (s, 1 H), 6.04 (br s, 1 H), 3.89 (br s, 2H), 3.73-3.32 (m, 10H), 1.98-1 .65 (m, 13H), 1 .45-1.01 (m, 6H), 0.92 (d, 3H).
Example 166
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl- propionic acid
Figure imgf000198_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cyclohexyl-[frans^-ethoxoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (frans-4-hydroxy- cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, 1 -iodoethane and cyclohexanone. Step 2: 2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2-methyl- propionic acid was prepared using cyclohexyl-[frans^-ethoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and 2-(2- amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.39 (s, 1 H), 3.42 (q, 2H), 3.20 (m, 1 H), 3.70-3.20 (m, 2H), 1.40 (s,
6H), 1 .09 (t, 3H), 2.20-1 .20 (m, 18H) HPLC-MS: m/z470 (M+H).
Example 167
2-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid
Figure imgf000198_0002
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid. Step 1 : Cycloheptyl-[frans4-ethoxoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (trans-4- hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, 1 -iodoethane and cycloheptanone. Step 2: 2-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans^-ethoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid was prepared using cycloheptyl-[frans^-ethoxoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and 2-(2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester. 1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.39 (s, 1 H), 3.43 (q, 2H), 3.30-3.15 (m, 3H), 2.20-1 .15 (m, 20H), 1.39 (s, 6H), 1 .09 (t, 3H) HPLC-MS: m/z 484 (M+H).
Example 168
2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid
Figure imgf000199_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cyclohexyl-[frans^-methoxoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (trans-4- hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, 1 -iodomethane and cyclohexanone. Step 2: 2-{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid was prepared using cyclohexyl-[frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and 2-(2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester.
1 H NMR (DMSCKJ6) δ 7.39 (s, 1 H), 3.70-3.30 (m, 2H), 3.21 (s, 3H); 3.15-3.03 (m, 1 H), 2.20-
1 .05 (m, 18H); 1 .40 (s, 6H) HPLC-MS: m/z 456 (M+H).
Example 169
2-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid
Figure imgf000200_0001
Prepared according to the procedure for the synthesis of {2-[3-cyclopentyl-3-(frans4- methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-acetic acid.
Step 1 : Cycloheptyl-[frans4-methoxoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine was prepare using (trans-4- hydroxy-cyclohexyl)-isoindole-1 ,3-dione, 1 -iodomethane and cycloheptanone.
Step 2: 2-{2-[3-Cycloheptyl-3-(frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl}-2- methyl-propionic acid was prepared using cycloheptyl-[frans^-methoxy-cyclohexyl]-amine and 2-(2-amino-thiazol-5-ylsulfanyl)-2-methyl-propionic acid ethyl ester. 1 H NMR (DMSOd6) δ 7.39 (s, 1 H), 3.23 (s, 3H), 3.20-3.04 (m, 3H), 2.20-1 .05 (m, 20H), 1.40 (s, 6H)
HPLC-MS: m/z 470 (M+H).
Example 170
5-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-[1 ,3,4]thiadiazole-2-sulfonic acid methylamide
Figure imgf000200_0002
Step 1 .
Methylamine (2M in THF, 40 mmol) was added to a suspension of 5-acetylamino-1 ,3,4- thiadiazole-2-sulfonyl chloride (10 mmol) (prepared as described in Bioorg. Med. Chem. 5, 515, 1997) in THF (10 ml_) at -20 0C. The mixture was stirred at room temperature over night and evaporated to dryness. The crude methylsulfonamide was suspended in EtOH (15 ml_) and added 4N HCI in dioxane (15 ml_) and heated for 4 h at 80 0C and then cooled to room temperature and evaporated to dryness to give crude 5-amino-1 ,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonic acid methylamide.
Step 2. An mixture of 1 ,1 -carbonyldiimidazole (2 equiv), 5-amino-1 ,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonic acid methylamide, cyclohexyl-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)-amine (1 equivalent) and DMAP (5mol% ) in THF-toluene (1 :1 ) was heated for 16 h at 40 0C and then cooled to room temperature. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and the crude product was dis- solved in MeCN and purified (HPLC method 1 ) to give the title compound. HPLC-MS: m/z = 417 (M+H).
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ 9.46 (br s, 1 H), 6.81 (br s, 1 H), 3.43 (br s, 2H), 2.83 (s, 3H), 1 .50 - 2.38 (m, 13H), 1 .22 - 1 .48 (m, 3H), 0.94 - 1 .22 (m, 3H), 0.84 (d, 3H)
Example 171
{5-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-[1 ,3,4]thiadiazole-2- sulfonylamino}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000201_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid (Example 76) using 5-acetylamino-1 ,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonyl chloride and then via cyclohexyl-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and (5-amino-1 ,3,4-thiadiazole-2- sulfonylamino)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound.
HPLC-MS: m/z = 461 (M+H).
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ 3.93 (s, 2H), 3.48 (br s, 2H), 1 .52 - 2.22 (m, 12H), 0.96 - 1.51 (m, 7H), 0.87 (d, 3H)
Example 172
({5-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-[1 ,3,4]thiadiazole-2-sulfonyl}- methyl-amino)-acetic acid
Figure imgf000201_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to {5-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl--cyclohexyl)-ureido]- [1 ,3,4]thiadiazole-2-sulfonylamino}-acetic acid via cyclohexyl-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)- amine and [(5-amino-1 ,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonyl)-methyl-amino]-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS: m/z = 475 (M+H).
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ 10.84 (br s, 1 H), 4.26 (s, 2H), 3.52 (br s, 2H), 3.16 (s, 3H), 1 .50 - 1 .88 (m, 12H), 0.95 - 1 .50 (m, 7H), 0.91 (d, 3H)
Example 173
2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-4-methyl-thiazole-5-sulfonic acid methylamide
Figure imgf000202_0001
The title compound was prepared in a similar manner to 2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans4-methyl- cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonic acid methylamide using 2-acetylamino-4-methyl- thiazole-5-sulfonyl chloride as the sulfonyl chloride. HPLC-MS: m/z = 429 (M+H). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ 8.16 (br s, 1 H), 3.39 (br s, 2H), 2.74 (d, 3H), 2.52 (s, 3H), 0.96 ■ 2.00 (m, 19H), 0.91 (d, 3H)
Example 174
{2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-4-methyl-thiazole-5- sulfonylamino}-acetic acid
Figure imgf000202_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid (Example 76) using 2-acetylamino-4-methyl-thiazole-5-sulfonyl chloride as the sulfonyl chloride and then via cyclohexyl-(trans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and (2-amino-4-methyl- thiazole-5-sulfonylamino)-acetic acid ethyl ester to give the title compound. HPLC-MS: m/z = 473 (M+H). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 8.15 (t, 1 H), 3.63 (d, 2H), 2.38 (s, 3H), 0.92 - 2.12 (m, 19H), 0.87 (d, 3H), two protons not observed.
Example 175
({2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-4-methyl-thiazole-5-sulfonyl}- methyl-amino)-acetic acid
Figure imgf000203_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to [2-(3,3-dicyclohexyl-ureido)-thiazole-5-sulfonylamino]-acetic acid (Example 76) using 2-acetylamino-4-methyl-thiazole-5-sulfonyl chloride as the sulfonyl chloride and then via cyclohexyl-(trans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and [(2-amino-4-methyl- thiazole-5-sulfonyl)-methyl-amino]-acetic acid methyl ester to give the title compound.
HPLC-MS: m/z = 487 (M+H).
1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSOd6) δ 12.78 (br s, 1 H), 1 1.40 (br s, 1 H), 3.90 (s, 2H), 2.84 (s, 3H),
2.41 (s, 3H), 0.95 - 2.21 (m, 19H), 0.87 (d, 3H), two protons not observed.
Example 176
1 -Cyclohexyl-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-[5-(piperidine-1 -sulfonyl)-
[1 ,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl]-urea
Figure imgf000203_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to 5-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]- [1 ,3,4]thiadiazole-2-sulfonic acid methylamide wa cyclohexyl-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)- amine and 5-(piperidine-1 -sulfonyl)-1 ,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylamine to give the title compound. HPLC-MS: m/z = 470 (M+H). 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ 3.49 (br s, 2H), 3.27 (t, 4H), 2.03 (br s, 4H), 1 .71 - 1.88 (m, 4H), 1 .49 - 1.71 (m, 11 H), 1 .29 - 1 .49 (m, 3H), 0.99 - 1.28 (m, 3H), 0.92 (d, 3H)
Example 177 5-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-[1 ,3,4]thiadiazole-2-sulfonic acid (2-methoxy-ethyl)-amide
Figure imgf000204_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to 5-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]- [1 ,3,4]thiadiazole-2-sulfonic acid methylamide via cyclohexyl-(fr'ans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)- amine and 5-amino-1 ,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonic acid (2-methoxy-ethyl)-amide to give the title compound.
HPLC-MS: m/z = 460 (M+H).
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ 3.45 (t, 2H), 3.47 (br s, 2H), 3.29 - 3.33 (m, 5H), 2.00 (br s, 4H), 1 .71 - 1.87 (m, 4H), 1 .56 - 1.71 (m, 5H), 1 .29 - 1 .50 (m, 3H), 1.03 - 1.29 (m, 3H), 0.92 (d, 3H)
Example 178
5-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-[1 ,3,4]thiadiazole-2-sulfonic acid isopropylamide
Figure imgf000204_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to 5-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]- [1 ,3,4]thiadiazole-2-sulfonic acid methylamide wa cyclohexyl-(fr'ans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)- amine and 5-amino-1 ,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonic acid isopropylamide to give the title com- pound.
HPLC-MS: m/z = 444 (M+H).
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ 3.56 - 3.73 (m, 1 H), 3.48 (br s, 2H), 2.01 (br s, 3H), 1.70 -
1 .86 (m, 4H), 1.50 - 1.70 (m, 5H), 1.30 - 1.49 (m, 4H), 0.99 - 1.29 (m, 9H), 0.92 (d, 4H)
Example 179
5-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-[1 ,3,4]thiadiazole-2-sulfonic acid phenylamide
Figure imgf000205_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to 5-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]- [1 ,3,4]thiadiazole-2-sulfonic acid methylamide wa cyclohexyl-(fr'ans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)- amine and 5-amino-1 ,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonic acid phenylamide to give the title compound. HPLC-MS: m/z = 478 (M+H).
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ 7.18 - 7.35 (m, 4H), 7.13 (t, 1 H), 3.45 (br s, 2H), 1 .55 - 2.17 (m, 1 1 H), 0.99 - 1 .48 (m, 6H), 0.92 (d, 3H).
Example 180 1 -Cyclohexyl-1 -(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-3-[5-(piperidine-1 -sulfonyl)-thiazol-2-yl]- urea
Figure imgf000205_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to 2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]- thiazole-5-sulfonic acid methylamide via cyclohexyl-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and 5-(piperidine-1 -sulfonyl)-thiazol-2-ylamine to give the title compound. HPLC-MS: m/z = 469 (M+H).
1 H NMR (400 MHz, benzene-d6) δ 8.56 (br s, 1 H), 7.75 (s, 1 H), 3.41 (br s, 2H), 3.05 (t, 4H), 0.96 - 2.20 (m, 25H), 0.91 (d, 3H)
Example 181
2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(fra/7s-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonic acid isopro- pylamide
Figure imgf000205_0003
Prepared in a similar manner to 2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]- thiazole-5-sulfonic acid methylamide via cyclohexyl-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and 2-amino-thiazole-5-sulfonic acid isopropylamide to give the title compound. HPLC-MS: m/z = 443 (M+H). 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDCI3) δ 8.68 (br s, 1 H), 7.80 (s, 1 H), 5.05 (d, 1 H), 3.47 - 3.66 (m, 1 H), 3.41 (br s, 2H), 1 .52 - 2.14 (m, 13H), 0.96 - 1 .52 (m, 12H), 0.90 (d, 3H),
Example 182
1 -Cyclohexyl-S-IS-fc/s^θ-dimethyl-piperidine-i -sulfonyl)-thiazol-2-yl]-1 -(trans-A- methyl-cyclohexyl)-urea
Figure imgf000206_0001
Prepared in a similar manner to 2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]- thiazole-5-sulfonic acid methylamide via cyclohexyl-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and 5- (c/s-2,6-dimethyl-piperidine-1 -sulfonyl)-thiazol-2-ylamine to give the title compound. HPLC-MS: m/z = 497 (M+H).
1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDCI3) δ 8.33 (br s, 1 H), 7.75 (s, 1 H), 4.11 - 4.29 (m, 2H), 3.43 (br s, 2H), 1 .60 - 2.06 (m, 14H), 0.96 - 1 .60 (m, 17H), 0.91 (d, 3H).
Example 183 2-[3-Cyclohexyl-3-(frans-4-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]-thiazole-5-sulfonic acid tert- butylamide
Figure imgf000206_0002
Prepared in a similar manner to 2-[3-cyclohexyl-3-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)-ureido]- thiazole-5-sulfonic acid methylamide via cyclohexyl-(frans^-methyl-cyclohexyl)-amine and 2-amino-thiazole-5-sulfonic acid tert-butylamide to give the title compound. HPLC-MS: m/z = 457 (M+H).
1 H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) δ 8.81 (br s, 1 H), 7.77 (s, 1 H), 5.51 - 5.75 (br s, 1 H), 3.39 (br s, 2H), 0.95 - 2.15 (m, 27H), 0.89 (d, 3H). 206

Claims

1 . A compound of general formula (I)
Figure imgf000208_0001
(I)
wherein R1 is
Figure imgf000208_0002
and R2 is cyclohexyl; and
Figure imgf000208_0003
R5 is selected from the group consisting of C3-6-alkenyloxy, aryloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl- Ci-6-alkyloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, aryl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, heteroaryl-Ci-e-alkyloxy-Ci-e-alkyl, C3.6- alkenylthio, arylthio-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkylthio-Ci-6-alkyl, or heteroaryloxy-Ci-6- alkyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R12, and wherein each aryl is phenyl and heteroaryl is pyridyl; and
R12 is halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, -CF3, Ci-e-alkyloxy, C3-8-cycloalkyloxy, aryloxy, aryl- Ci-6-alkyloxy or Ci-6-alkyl; and
R8 is selected from halogen, carboxy, -CF3, -S-CH3, -S-CH2CH3, -S-CH2CH2CH3, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, terf-butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH3,
-CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -CH2-O-C(O)-CH3, -CH2-O-C(O)-CH2CH3, -CH2CH2-O-C(O)-CH3, -CH2CH2-O-C(O)-CH2CH3, -C(O)-O-CH3, -C(O)-O-CH2CH3, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16; or heteroarylthio, wherein heteroaryl is pyridyl or imidazolyl, each optionally substituted on the heteroaryl part with one or more substituents independently selected from R17, or pyrrolidinyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, or morpholinyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16; or -S(O)2-NR19R20 Or -S(O)2-R21
R16 and R17 are independently Ci-6-alkyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, oxo, -CF3, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, hydroxy-C1-6-alkyl, -C1_6-alkyl-C(O)-O-C1_6-alkyl, -d_6-alkyl-C(O)-NR19R20, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-Ci-6-alkyl, -NR19R20, -NHS(O)2Ci-6-alkyl, -NHS(O)2CF3, -NHS(O)2CH2CF3, -C(O)NR19R20, -S(O)2Ci-6-alkyl, -S(O)2CF3, -S(O)2CH2CF3 or -S(O)2NR19R20; and
R19 and independently represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or propyl, S(O)2-CH3, or R19 and R20 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 3 to 8 membered heterocyclic ring with the said nitrogen atom, wherein the heterocyclic ring is pyrrolidyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, homopiperazinyl, or morpholinyl, the heterocyclic ring is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R24; and
R21 is selected from carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, or carboxy-propyl; and
R24 is halogen, carboxy, Ci-6-alkyl, carboxy-Ci.6-alkyl, or -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl.; and
as well as any salt hereof with a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base, or any optical isomer or mixture of optical isomers, including a racemic mixture, or any tautomeric forms
2. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R5 is selected from the group consisting of C3.6- alkenyloxy, phenyloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, benzyloxy-Ci-6-alkyl, C3-8-cycloalkyl-Ci-6-alkyloxy-Ci-6-alkyl.
3. A compound according to claim 2 wherein R5 is selected from the group consisting of C3.4- alkenyloxy, phenyloxy-methyl, benzyloxy-methyl, or cyclopropyl-methoxymethyl.
4. A compound according to any one of the claims 1 to 3 wherein R12 is halogen, cyano, hy- droxy, carboxy, -CF3, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, cyclopropyloxy, cyclobutyloxy, cyclopenty- loxy, cyclohexyloxy, cycloheptyloxy, phenoxy, benzyloxy, phenyl-ethyloxy, phenyl-propoxy, methyl, ethyl or propyl.
5. A compound according to claim 4 wherein R12 is halogen, carboxy, ethoxy, propoxy, cyclopropyloxy, cyclobutyloxy, cyclopentyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, cycloheptyloxy, phenoxy, ben- zyloxy, phenyl-ethyloxy, phenyl-propoxy, methyl, ethyl or propyl.
6. A compound according to any one of the claims 1 to 5 wherein R8 is selected from Cl, -S-CH3, -S-CH2CH3, -S-CH2CH2CH3, -S-CH(CH3)2, -S-CH2CH(CH3)2, methyl, or ethyl, each of which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from R16; -S(O)2-NR19R20 or -S(O)2-R21.
7. A compound according to any one of the claims 1 to 6 wherein R16 and R17 are independently Ci-6-alkyl, halogen, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, -CF3, carboxy-Ci-6-alkyl, hydroxy-Ci-6-alkyl, -Ci-6-alkyl-C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -NR19R20, -C(O)NR19R20 Or -S(O)2-Ci-6-alkyl.
8. A compound according to claim 7 wherein R16 and R17 are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, halogen, hydroxy, oxo, carboxy, -CF3, carboxy-methyl, carboxy- ethyl, carboxy-propyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -C(O)-O-CH3, -C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -C(O)-O-CH2CH2CH3, or -S(O)2CH3.
9. A compound according to claim 8 wherein R16 and R17 are independently methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, halogen, oxo, carboxy, carboxy-methyl, carboxy-ethyl, carboxy- propyl, hydroxy-methyl, hydroxy-ethyl, hydroxy-propyl, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH3, -CH2CH2-C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -C(O)-O-CH3, -C(O)-O-CH2CH3, -C(O)-O-CH2CH2CH3, or -S(O)2CH3.
10. A compound according to claim 7 wherein R16 and R17 are independently Ci_6-alkyl, carboxy, -NR19R20, -C(O)-O-Ci-6-alkyl, -S(O)2CH3 or -C(O)NR19R20.
1 1 . A compound according to claim 10 wherein R16 or R17 are carboxy.
PCT/EP2006/064026 2005-07-08 2006-07-07 Dicycloalkyl urea glucokinase activators WO2007006760A1 (en)

Priority Applications (9)

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US9855251B2 (en) 2010-05-26 2018-01-02 Vtv Therapeutics Llc Use of metformin in combination with a glucokinase activator and compositions comprising metformin and a glucokinase activator
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