WO2007000732A2 - Procede d'entretien d'une fonction de commande par paquets par limitation de debit - Google Patents

Procede d'entretien d'une fonction de commande par paquets par limitation de debit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007000732A2
WO2007000732A2 PCT/IB2006/052125 IB2006052125W WO2007000732A2 WO 2007000732 A2 WO2007000732 A2 WO 2007000732A2 IB 2006052125 W IB2006052125 W IB 2006052125W WO 2007000732 A2 WO2007000732 A2 WO 2007000732A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nceps
network entity
pdsn
connection
response
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2006/052125
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2007000732A3 (fr
Inventor
Ganesan Giridharan
Original Assignee
Utstarcom, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Utstarcom, Inc. filed Critical Utstarcom, Inc.
Publication of WO2007000732A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007000732A2/fr
Publication of WO2007000732A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007000732A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/10—Flow control between communication endpoints
    • H04W28/12—Flow control between communication endpoints using signalling between network elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0247—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on conditions of the access network or the infrastructure network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/10—Flow control between communication endpoints
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/04—Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices
    • H04W92/14—Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices between access point controllers and backbone network device

Definitions

  • Wireless data communications is becoming an increasingly popular means of personal communication and information access.
  • people are using wireless data networks for exchanging information in the form of e-mail and data (i.e., web pages), as well as other forms, using wireless telephones, Personal Digital Assistants ('PDAs'), and other devices.
  • 'PDAs' Personal Digital Assistants
  • a user can access the Internet, for instance, from anywhere inside the coverage area of a Radio Access Network ('RAN').
  • 'RAN' Radio Access Network
  • a call comes in to a RAN, and it is determined to be a data call, the call is routed to a Packet Control Function ('PCF').
  • the PCF then initiates a connection with a Packet Data Serving Node ( 1 PDSN').
  • 'RP' protocols or, similarly, 'All' protocols are used for transferring data between a PCF of a Base Station Controller ('BSC) and a PDSN.
  • 'BSC Base Station Controller
  • Each PCF contains configuration information that enables it to connect with a number of PDSNs, and a PCF chooses which PDSN to connect to based on local algorithms, which in turn, are often based on load balancing.
  • Each PDSN also accepts connections from a number of PCFs, and as a result, a PCF does not have an accurate picture of the total load at a given PDSN.
  • Current implementations of PCFs also have another function - when attempts to establish All connections with a given PDSN repeatedly fail, the PCF marks the PDSN 'out-of-service' and for a period of time uses only the other PDSNs in its list to establish Al 1 connections.
  • a method for managing load levels in a network comprises (1) associating a NumberOfCal- lEventsPerSecond ( 1 NCEPS') value with a Packet Control Function, (2) receiving at a Packet Data Serving Node a connection request from the Packet Control Function, (3) determining at the Packet Data Serving Node the NCEPS value of the Packet Control Function, wherein the NCEPS value of the Packet Control Function is used to allocate bandwidth to the Packet Control Function, (4) evaluating a current NCEPS coming into the Packet Data Serving Node from the Packet Control Function, (5) comparing the NCEPS value of the Packet Control Function to the NCEPS currently coming into the Packet Data Serving Node from the Packet Control Function, (6) compiling a connection response, wherein the connection response is based on whether the NCEPS currently coming into the Packet Data Serving Node from the Packet Control Function exceeds the NCEPS value of the Packe
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram illustrating components of an exemplary cellular radio communications system coupled to a packet network via a PDSN;
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating components of an exemplary PDSN.
  • Figure 3 is a flow chart illustrating an exemplary process flow in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating components of system 100 in which an embodiment of the invention can be carried out.
  • mobile stations 102, 104, 106 are arranged to communicate over a radio frequency ( 1 RF') air interface with Base Stations ( 1 BSs') 108, 112, 116.
  • Each Base Station 108, 112, 116 in turn contains a Base Transceiver Station ( 1 BTS') 109, 113, 117, which provides an antenna (not pictured) for communicating with a mobile station, and a Base Station Controller ( 1 BSC 1 ) 110, 114, 118, which controls communications with the respective BTS.
  • a BSC might control the power level of wireless signals emitted by a BTS and might control the handoff of communications as a mobile station moves between cells of a BTS coverage area.
  • Each BTS 108, 110, 112 can typically transmit and receive wireless communications to and from a plurality of mobile stations 102, 104, 106 located within a BTS 1 coverage area.
  • a mobile station may be a cellular telephone, a Personal Digital Assistant ( 1 PDA 1 ), a wirelessly equipped computer, or another similar device. While Figure 1 depicts three mobile stations, system 100 may include greater or fewer numbers of mobile stations and it is not necessary that the mobile stations all be the same type of wireless device.
  • a mobile station 102, 104, 106 might communicate with a BTS via an air interface using a variety of different protocols.
  • the mobile station can communicate with a BTS using Code Division Multiple Access ('CDMA'), such as in a CDMA2000 3G packet network.
  • CDMA provides a method for sending wireless signals between a mobile station and a BTS.
  • the mobile stations communicate with the BTS over a spread spectrum of frequencies.
  • CDMA is described in further detail in Telecommunications Industry Association
  • CDMA ( 1 TIA') standards IS-95A and IS-95B, which are both incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
  • CDMA is also described in the International Telecommunications Union ( 1 ITU') IMT-2000 series of standards, which are all incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
  • CDMA is further described in the TlA IS-2000 series of standards, which are all incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
  • the IS-2000 series of standards are commonly referred to as CDMA2000.
  • Other protocols may also be used for communication between the mobile station and the BTS.
  • the mobile station and the BTS might communicate using Wideband CDMA ( 1 WCDMA'), Time Division-Synchronous CDMA ( 1 TD-SCDMA 1 ), Advanced Mobile Phone Service ( 1 AMPS 1 ), Digital AMPS ( 1 D-AMPS 1 ), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System ( 1 UMTS 1 ), Global System for Mobile Communication ( 1 GSM 1 ), General Packet Radio Services ( 1 GPRS 1 ), IS- 136, Time Division Multiple Access ( 1 TDMA 1 ), Frequency Division Multiple Access ( 1 FDMA 1 ) or other protocols.
  • Additional wireless protocols such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ( 1 IEEE 1 ) 802.11, Bluetooth, and others may also be used.
  • Packet Control Functions 1 PCFs 1 111, 115, 119.
  • PCFs may reside at their respective BSCs 110, 114, 118. Alternatively, the PCFs may be separate from the BSCs or may be stand-alone devices.
  • the PCFs control the transmission of packets between a BS and a gateway, such as a Packet Data Serving Node ( 1 PDSN 1 ) 120, 122, 124.
  • the protocol commonly used for such transmissions is the RP protocol, or equivalently, the Al 1 Protocol.
  • Each PCF 111, 115, 119 contains configuration information that enables it to connect with a number of PDSNs, and a PCF chooses which PDSN to connect to based on local algorithms, which, in turn, may be based on load balancing.
  • a mobile station may communicate with a PDSN through a PPP session, it may communicate with other devices using higher-level protocols.
  • the mobile station may additionally use the Transmission Control Protocol ('TCP'), the User Datagram Protocol ( 1 UDP') or other protocols.
  • 'TCP' Transmission Control Protocol
  • 1 UDP' User Datagram Protocol
  • the content server may contain content requested by a mobile station 102, 104, 106, or alternatively, it may contain instructions for alternative paths for finding the sought content.
  • the PDSN 200 shown in Figure 2 is capable of supporting simultaneous data sessions using different RP connections.
  • the PDSN 200 may include a first network communication interface 202 for coupling the PDSN 200 to a radio access network, a second network communication interface 204 for coupling the PDSN 200 to a packet network 126, a processing unit 210, and data storage 206, all coupled to at least one bus, illustrated as a bus 212.
  • data storage 206 has at least a list of the PCFs that are authorized to establish connections with the PDSN and their respective NumberOf- CallEventsPerSecond ( 1 NCEPS') data 207, and algorithms 208 establishing PCF-PDSN connection rules.
  • Algorithms 208 are executable by the processing unit 210, which may also assess the load level of the PDSN.
  • the call events in the NumberOfCal- lEventsPerSecond represent call establishment and tear down events.
  • the PCF NCEPS data 207 may be a list of NCEPS values of the PCFs authorized to request connections at the PDSN and other PCF data. NCEPS values may be assigned to a PCF by a network entity, such as the PDSN, the BSC, or another entity, such as a network administrator.
  • the NCEPS values in the PCF NCEPS data 207 may be numerical values, logical expressions or other identifiable values. For example, a given PCF may have an NCEPS value of ' ⁇ 10' or an NCEPS value of 'Level 2,' which may, in turn, correspond to ' ⁇ 30' or another value. Or, alternatively, a PCF's NCEPS value may be in the form of 'if PDSN load level is not higher than X, then ⁇ 30; else ⁇ 10.'
  • Algorithms 208 are algorithms for rate-limiting-based services. They will determine the probability of a positive response to a PCF with a given NCEPS value at a given load level at a PDSN. There may be several algorithms stored in data storage 206, and a different algorithm may be applied to a PCF's NCEPS value based on how high or low the load level is at a given PDSN. Together with the processing unit 210, algorithms 208 will compute and compile a connection response for a PCF making the connection request at the PDSN. The algorithms 208 may also determine the probability of a positive response to a PCF with a given NCEPS value irrespective of the load level at a given PDSN.
  • the algorithms 208 will cause the PDSN to send a positive connection response to that PCF.
  • a PCF with an associated NCEPS value of 'Level 2,' which may, in turn, correspond to ' ⁇ 30,' makes up to 30 connection requests per second during a given interval of time, then the algorithms 208 will cause the PDSN to send a positive connection response to that PCF.
  • algorithms 208 may also take into account the load levels at the PDSN when computing a connection response.
  • a PCF that is exceeding its associated NCEPS value may get a positive connection response
  • high load levels even some PCFs that are not exceeding their associated NCEPS values may get negative connection responses.
  • the algorithms 208 may still cause the PDSN to reject the PCF and send a negative connection response.
  • connection request may get a positive connection response, a negative connection response, or no response at all.
  • a negative connection response means that a connection is not established.
  • the processing unit 210 may return no response at all.
  • a PDSN may ignore a connection request altogether, if its load level is high, or for any other reason.
  • the connections algorithm may have multiple tiers of PDSN load levels, where each tier specifies which PCFs should be allowed connections. As the load increases, and higher load-based tiers are reached, fewer and fewer PCFs will be granted connections. Under certain high load conditions, the PDSN may refuse all connection requests.
  • the PDSN connection algorithm may be configured to alter the NCEPS value of a given PCF in response to various conditions. For example, the NCEPS value of a given PCF may be increased or decreased based in part on the number of existing connections with the PCF. In addition, if a given PDSN fails, then one or more remaining PDSNs may change the NCEPS value of the PCFs that had been serviced by the failed PDSN.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary process flow in accordance with the exemplary embodiment.
  • a PCF sends a connection request to a PDSN.
  • a PCF may send multiple connection requests to multiple PDSNs, and the PDSNs may receive connection requests from multiple PCFs.
  • a PCF's connection request will include its identifying data, that is, the PCF will send to the PDSN its PCF identifier, location information, and other data.
  • the request may include the PCF's NCEPS value.
  • the NCEPS value may be a default NCEPS value to use by that PDSN for the given PCF, or it may be an indication to the PDSN to use the NCEPS value to over-ride any previous NCEPS value used by the PDSN.
  • the PDSN determines the PCF's NCEPS value.
  • the PDSN may determine the PCF's NCEPS value by retrieving it from the connection request, provided the NCEPS value was included therein.
  • the PDSN may determine the PCF's NCEPS value by looking it up in data storage based on the PCF identifier or other identifying data.
  • the PDSN may determine the PCF's NCEPS value by accessing a remote entity, such as a remote database.
  • the PDSN assesses its load level.
  • the load level may depend on how many PCFs are making connection requests in a predetermined span of time, or how many connections the PDSN is supporting at a given time interval, for example. Then, depending on the load level, the PDSN will select an algorithm that will subsequently be applied to the PCF's NCEPS value.
  • the PDSN evaluates the NCEPS currently coming into the PDSN from the PCF requesting a connection, and compares it to the PCF's NCEPS value. That is, the PDSN determines whether a given PCF is exceeding the NCEPS value the PDSN associates with it based on the PCF NCEPS data the PDSN has. As was previously mentioned, the PDSN may have the PCF's NCEPS value stored in its data storage or it may receive it from the PCF that is requesting the connection. Alternatively, the PDSN may receive the PCFs NCEPS value from another entity, such as a remote data base.
  • the PDSN compiles a connection response, which may be the outcome of the PDSN applying the chosen algorithm to the PCFs NCEPS value.
  • the connection response is based on PCFs NCEPS value and on the NCEPS currently coming into the PDSN from the same PCF. More specifically, the connection response is based on whether the NCEPS currently coming into the PDSN from the PCF exceeds the NCEPS value of the PCF. Alternatively, the connection response may be based on the PDSN's load level as well as the PCF's NCEPS value and on the NCEPS currently coming into the PDSN from the same PCF.
  • the PDSN may send the connection response to the PCF.
  • the connection response may be a response granting or denying the PCF connection with the given PDSN. If the connection response is positive and grants the PCF connection at the PDSN, the PCF may establish a connection session with the PDSN. If the connection response is negative and denies the PCF connection with the given PDSN, the PCF may mark the PDSN out of service and terminate communication. Likewise, if the PDSN does nothing and sends no response, the PCF may mark the PDSN out of service and terminate communication. Depending on implementation specifics and configuration, the PCF may mark the PDSN out of service in the first instance of a denied or unanswered connection request, or it may do so after as specified number of requests within a specific time period are denied or unanswered.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Exchange Systems With Centralized Control (AREA)
  • Debugging And Monitoring (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un système permettant de gérer des niveaux de charge à un noeud en service de données par paquets (PDSN) et les effets en cascades de minimisation qui surviennent forment tous ou pratiquement tous les PCS marquant un PDSN hors service presque simultanément. Lorsqu'un PDSN détecte une augmentation du nombre effectif d'événements d'appel par seconde (NCEP) en comparaison de la valeur du NCEP associé à une fonction de commande par paquets (PCF) dans les enregistrements PDSN, le PDSN refusera toute demande de connexion de la PCF, le résultat étant que la PCF marquera le PDSN hors service. De plus, un PDSN lourdement chargé peut refuser ou ignorer des demandes de connexion de PCF dont les NCEP réels à un moment donné ne dépassent pas la valeur NCEP associée aux PCF dans les enregistrements PDSN. Le procédé donnera lieu à un sous ensemble de PCF marquant le PDSN hors service, tandis que les PCF continuent d'utiliser les services du PDSN en question, ce qui réduit la charge dudit PDSN plutôt que de le ramener à zéro.
PCT/IB2006/052125 2005-06-28 2006-06-27 Procede d'entretien d'une fonction de commande par paquets par limitation de debit WO2007000732A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US16822605A 2005-06-28 2005-06-28
US11/168,226 2005-06-28

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WO2007000732A2 true WO2007000732A2 (fr) 2007-01-04
WO2007000732A3 WO2007000732A3 (fr) 2008-01-03

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101547462B (zh) * 2008-03-25 2011-04-20 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种基站控制器获知分组控制功能pcf实体状态的方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030021252A1 (en) * 2001-07-30 2003-01-30 Harper Matthew Hayden Managing packet data interconnections in mobile communications
US20030128676A1 (en) * 2002-01-09 2003-07-10 Lg Electronics Inc. Method of keeping-alive session and packet control function for the same
US20040153525A1 (en) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-05 3Com Corporation System and method for control of packet data serving node selection in a mobile internet protocol network
US20050009515A1 (en) * 2002-02-08 2005-01-13 Katsutoshi Inoko Station side apparatus, resource allocating method in station side apparatus and mobile communication system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030021252A1 (en) * 2001-07-30 2003-01-30 Harper Matthew Hayden Managing packet data interconnections in mobile communications
US20030128676A1 (en) * 2002-01-09 2003-07-10 Lg Electronics Inc. Method of keeping-alive session and packet control function for the same
US20050009515A1 (en) * 2002-02-08 2005-01-13 Katsutoshi Inoko Station side apparatus, resource allocating method in station side apparatus and mobile communication system
US20040153525A1 (en) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-05 3Com Corporation System and method for control of packet data serving node selection in a mobile internet protocol network

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101547462B (zh) * 2008-03-25 2011-04-20 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种基站控制器获知分组控制功能pcf实体状态的方法

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