WO2006130782A2 - Diaphragm membrane and supporting structure responsive to environmental conditions - Google Patents
Diaphragm membrane and supporting structure responsive to environmental conditions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006130782A2 WO2006130782A2 PCT/US2006/021311 US2006021311W WO2006130782A2 WO 2006130782 A2 WO2006130782 A2 WO 2006130782A2 US 2006021311 W US2006021311 W US 2006021311W WO 2006130782 A2 WO2006130782 A2 WO 2006130782A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- diaphragm
- actuator
- support
- acoustic transducer
- clte
- Prior art date
Links
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006903 response to temperature Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001944 Plastisol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001594 aberrant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/02—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2307/00—Details of diaphragms or cones for electromechanical transducers, their suspension or their manufacture covered by H04R7/00 or H04R31/003, not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2307/029—Diaphragms comprising fibres
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
- H04R2499/10—General applications
- H04R2499/15—Transducers incorporated in visual displaying devices, e.g. televisions, computer displays, laptops
Definitions
- Mechanical-to-acoustical transducers may have one actuator that may be coupled to a speaker membrane or diaphragm that may then be anchored and spaced from the actuator. Such a system may provide a diaphragm-type speaker where a display may be viewed through the speaker.
- the actuators may be electro-mechanical, such as electromagnetic, piezoelectric or electrostatic. Piezo actuators do not create a magnetic field that may then interfere with a display image and may also be well suited to transform the high efficiency short linear travel of the piezo motor into a high excusion, piston-equivalent diaphragm movement.
- an acoustic transducer is disclosed that is capable of converting mechanical motion into acoustical energy that may include a diaphragm and a support on one portion of the diaphragm.
- An actuator may then be provided that is operatively coupled to a second portion of the diaphragm.
- the support and actuator may be separated by a distance and are capable of relative motion to adjust such distance in response to environmental changes, such as heat and/or humidity.
- the diaphragm which may be formed from polymeric type material, may have some preformed level of curvature, which nominal level of curvature may be maintained by the environmentally responsive support/actuator configuration.
- the present invention relates to a method for compensating for environmental conditions in a transducer that is capable of converting mechanical motion into acoustical energy.
- the method includes supplying a transducer including a diaphragm and a support on one portion of the diaphragm including an actuator operatively coupled to a second portion of the diaphragm wherein the support and actuator are separated by a distance.
- the diaphragm and transducer may then be exposed to changes in environmental conditions such as temperature, in which case the diaphragm may undergo some level of expansion and/or contraction.
- the actuator and support may self- adjust the distance between the actuator and support, in which case audio output of the diaphragm may not be substantially compromised.
- FIG. 1 is an exemplary cross-sectional view illustrating diaphragm flexure.
- FIG. 2 is an exemplary cross-sectional view illustrating a multi-channel diaphragm speaker.
- FIG. 3 is an exemplary planar view illustrating one type of a compliant acoustic frame.
- FIG. 4 is another exemplary planar view illustrating another type of compliant acoustic frame.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-section view illustrating a portion of yet another type of compliant acoustic frame.
- FIG. 6 is cross-sectional view of a still further type of compliant acoustic frame.
- FIG. 7 is force vs. displacement plot of a non-preformed diaphragm vs. a preformed curved diaphragm.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a piezo actuator that may itself be configured to respond to temperature and accommodate changes in dimension of any given diaphragm material.
- a mechanical-to-acoustical transducer, coupled to a diaphragm, for the purpose of producing audio sound, is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 7,038,356, whose teachings are incorporated herein by reference, hi one configuration, the transducer amounts to a piezo motor coupled to a diaphragm so that the excursion of the actuator is translated into a corresponding, mechanically amplified excursions of the diaphragm.
- the diaphragm may be curved and when optically clear, can be mounted on a frame over a visual display to provide an audio speaker.
- the diaphragm may therefore be characterized by a relatively large, pistonic-equivalent excursion. A typical amplification or mechanical leveraging of the excursion may be five to fifteen fold.
- FIG. 1 is an exemplary cross-sectional view illustrating flexure of a film by application of lateral force F providing lateral motion ("X" axis) and corresponding excursions ("Y" axis).
- the diaphragm 10 which may be biased initially in a curved position, may provide a mechanical disadvantage, allowing relatively small motions ("X" axis) to create a relatively large excursion (“Y" axis).
- X relatively small motions
- Y relatively large excursion
- the membrane may vibrate up and down, in piston-like fashion, and may then produce sound.
- the smaller the curvature of the film the greater the mechanical disadvantage. That is higher force may be required, small "X" travel required and greater "Y” motion may be obtained.
- polycarbonate has a CLTE of about 65 x 10 "6 cm/cm °C.
- steel has a CLTE of about 10 x 10 "6 cm/cm °C, copper having a value of about 16 x 10 '6 cm/cm 0 C, brass or bronze having a value of about 18 x 10 "6 cm/cm °C and aluminum having a value of about 22 x 10 "6 cm/cm 0 C.
- a change in temperature of about 5 °C would lead to a 4.22 x 10 "3 cm increase in length.
- this may then lead to a sagging or tightening of about 4.2 x 10 "2 cm.
- an acoustic frame 18 may be provided that initially provides center attachment points that are shown generally at location 20. Such attachment points may be provided in order to rigidly attach or support the diaphragm at such location to all or a portion of the top and bottom horizontal cross bars, so that relatively discrete audio channels may develop. Accordingly, a frame herein may be more generally understood to apply to any structure that provides the ability to support all or a portion of one side of the diaphragm and all or a portion of the actuators that may then be positioned on another side of the diaphragm.
- FIG. 3 illustrates what may be understood as a two-channel stereo type system, it may be appreciated that the invention herein applies equally to single (mono) or even multi-channel systems (i.e. systems containing 3, 4, 5, even higher numbers of separate audio channels).
- the frame may be formed from metal or other type of material that may therefore provide relatively high stiffness and little or no lost motion in the "X" direction when the actuator forces are applied.
- the frame may be configured such that it provides environmental compensation. That is, the frame may be configured such that that it may undergo environmental expansion/contraction such as thermal expansion, similar to the amount of thermal expansion/contraction experienced by the diaphragm.
- the frame may be designed to undergo the same relative amount of thermal expansion or contraction as any sort of given supporting surface, wherein the supporting surface may be a material that is similar to that of the diaphragm.
- the frame may accommodate and may then balance any relative differences in dimensional changes that may take place as between the polymeric membrane and a supporting surface, which relative differences in dimensional changes may take place due to environmental factors such as heat, humidity, etc.
- the frame may respond to heat that may be generated by operation of the subject speaker as well as surrounding electronic components (e.g. heat emitting amplifiers, etc.).
- heat emitting amplifiers e.g. heat emitting amplifiers, etc.
- the frame may include end portions 28, which may be rigidly attached to a given supporting surface.
- the frame may include section 30 that may be slidably engaged with end portions 28.
- the piezo assembly 22 may be mounted to a frame structure that has all or a portion thereof formed from material having similar CLTE properties as the polymeric material utilized for the diaphragm.
- the frame may include polymeric type material, similar to that of the membrane, that extends in the same direction as the membrane (i.e., upper and lower horizontal sections that extend between the vertical sections, wherein the vertical sections support the piezo assembly, as shown in FIG. 3).
- the CLTE of the polymeric frame structure may be 25-150 % of the value of the CLTE value of the polymeric film membrane, including all values and increments therein. This may be expressed by the following relationship: CLTEoiaphragm- (0.25-1.5) CLTEprame Portion
- the piezo assembly itself may be mounted to plastic (polymeric) frame structure which polymer material may be similar or the same at the polymeric material employed for the diaphragm (e.g. a polycarbonate diaphragm with polycarbonate utilized for all or a portion of the frame).
- the frame may include vertical sections, supporting the actuators, that may be formed from metallic material that may then not be connected to a supporting surface.
- that portion of the frame supporting the actuators may be selectively connected to a supporting surface that has a CLTE that is 25- 150 % of the CLTE of the diaphragm.
- FIG. 5 illustrates in cross-section a portion of the frame periphery and as shown the frame may include an anchor section 32 that may be attached to one end of an environmental compensation component 34.
- an environmental compensation component 34 may be understood as any component that is responsive to environmental conditions and which will undergo expansion and/or contraction in a manner that may be related to corresponding changes in dimensions of the diaphragm component, as discussed more fully below.
- the compensation component 34 similar to the diaphragm 12, may then be engaged at another end to communication to the piezo assembly 22.
- the diaphragm is again illustrated as attached or anchored at region 20.
- the compensation component may be composed of a polymeric material that has a CLTE that may again be 25-150 % of the value of the CLTE of the membrane 12.
- the piezo is shown again at 22 and the piezo attachment area is shown generally at 36.
- the frame, and hence the piezo may be designed such that they are capable of pivoting at region 38, depending upon the forces ultimately acting on the piezo through the frame by the compensation bar component 34.
- the compensation bar is therefore itself capable of mechanically engaging with a portion of the frame which ultimately may engage the piezo in order to communicate all or a portion of any corresponding dimensional changes it may experience, and the diaphragm is specifically illustrated as attached to the piezo at diaphragm attachment location 40. Accordingly, when the diaphragm 12 may expand or contract due to temperature variations, the compensation bar component may similarly expand or contract and the entire piezo clamp area around pivot location 38 in turn may accommodate the various dimensional changes occurring in the diaphragm due to temperature. Moreover, it may be appreciated that if the compensation bar 34 has substantially the same relative CLTE as the diaphragm, the attachment point of the compensation bar 34 may be at or near the full height of the piezo 22 (i.e.
- FIG. 6 provides another cross-sectional view of the frame 18.
- the diaphragm may again be attached or anchored to the frame at region 20 and in addition, a sheet of material 42, preferably the same material as that of the diaphragm (i.e., the sheet is preferably optically clear) may be similarly anchored at region 20 while extending below the diaphragm to the piezo assembly 22.
- This additional and underlying sheet of material 42 may then, as illustrated, be separately attached or otherwise mechanically engaged to the frame and hence the piezo assembly.
- This additional sheet of material may also be designed so that it has sufficient rigidity so that it may interact with the piezo in a manner similar to the compensation bar 34 noted above.
- the sheet of material 42 may similarly expand or contract and mechanically engage with the piezo in order to similarly communicate all or a portion of any corresponding dimensional changes it may experience to the piezo.
- the piezo 22 may again be made to pivot at general pivot location 38 to thereby accommodate any sag or tension developed in the diaphragm from a given nominal configuration.
- a nominal configuration may include a desired dimension or geometry in the diaphragm as between diaphragm attachment location 20 and that location where the diaphragm is attached to the piezo assembly 22.
- diaphragms 10, 12 and/or 14 may all preferably be curved (either convex or concave) with the actuator attached at any point or location along one edge thereof.
- diaphragm material include polymeric materials such as polycarbonate, poly-4-methyl-l-pentene (TPX®), acrylic type resins (PMMA), cellulosic material include cellulose acetate (CA) and/or cellulose acetate-butyrate (CAB), p ⁇ lyimides such as polyamideimides (KAPTON®) or polyetherimides (ULTEM®), polysulphones, etc.
- the diaphragm may also be sourced from tempered glass or metallic material such as titanium. Moreover, it may be advantageous to provide a diaphragm that is preformed with a desired curvature wherein a polymeric resin may be exposed to a given temperature (e.g. Tg and/or Tm) wherein the desired geometry is formed into the material and such form remains at operating (e.g., room) temperature.
- a given temperature e.g. Tg and/or Tm
- Such heat treatment may be provided by thermoforming a sheet of polymeric film, compression molding to a desired curvature, powder casting, casting of a plastisol and/or organosol, or even injection molding.
- the curvature may specifically contemplate one-half of a sine wave.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a force vs. displacement plot of a non-preformed diaphragm whose curved initial nominal position must be maintained by the piezo actuator vs. a preformed curved diaphragm.
- the amount of force necessary to displace the non-preformed diaphragm exceeds the amount of force necessary to displace the preformed and curved diaphragm a given amount.
- the present invention also provides compensation for changes in dimensions of the diaphragm due to environmental conditions, by providing for changes in the piezo design itself.
- the thickness and/or materials for the piezo it may be designed such that it may flex or bend as shown depending upon temperature.
- one may control the thickness of the piezo ceramic material 48 or metal substrate 50, which metal substrate may then attach to the diaphragm.
- One may also add materials to the piezo (e.g. another layer of metal on the substrate) to develop a bimetallic spring that is responsive to temperature due to differences in CLTE for the different metals.
- the actuator upon temperature increase the actuator may then bend away from the membrane and assume all or a portion of any increase in dimension that may have taken place in the diaphragm material.
- the piezo actuator in the event of a temperature increase, may be designed to bend towards the diaphragm, and compensate for all or a portion of any contraction that may have taken place in the diaphragm due to a temperature reduction.
- the piezo actuator may be designed to oscillate around a DC offset in order to restore the diaphragm to a nominal position and compensation for any thermal expansion and/or contraction, hi such a configuration, temperature may be sensed at or near the diaphragm and the active compensation may then be initiated through a look-up- table (LUT) that may be stored in memory on an attached microprocessor.
- LUT may include information regarding the diaphragm, its dimensions, and CLTE response at any given temperature.
- the piezo may again similarly be made to undergo the exemplary configuration changes illustrated in FIG. 8 in response to changing temperature conditions, and compensation for diaphragm expansion and/or contraction.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Overhead Projectors And Projection Screens (AREA)
- Stereophonic Arrangements (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002610483A CA2610483A1 (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2006-05-31 | Diaphragm membrane and supporting structure responsive to environmental conditions |
JP2008514867A JP5064384B2 (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2006-05-31 | Diaphragm membrane and support structure sensitive to environmental conditions |
EP06771855A EP1886362A2 (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2006-05-31 | Diaphragm membrane and supporting structure responsive to environmental conditions |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US68584105P | 2005-05-31 | 2005-05-31 | |
US68584205P | 2005-05-31 | 2005-05-31 | |
US60/685,842 | 2005-05-31 | ||
US60/685,841 | 2005-05-31 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006130782A2 true WO2006130782A2 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
WO2006130782A3 WO2006130782A3 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
Family
ID=37482301
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2006/021311 WO2006130782A2 (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2006-05-31 | Diaphragm membrane and supporting structure responsive to environmental conditions |
PCT/US2006/021189 WO2006130731A2 (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2006-05-31 | Optimized piezo design for a mechanical-to-acoustical transducer |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2006/021189 WO2006130731A2 (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2006-05-31 | Optimized piezo design for a mechanical-to-acoustical transducer |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20080273720A1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1886363A2 (en) |
JP (2) | JP2008546315A (en) |
KR (2) | KR101260543B1 (en) |
CA (2) | CA2610483A1 (en) |
WO (2) | WO2006130782A2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008283350A (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2008-11-20 | Foster Electric Co Ltd | Flexible display audio apparatus |
USD733678S1 (en) | 2013-12-27 | 2015-07-07 | Emo Labs, Inc. | Audio speaker |
US9094743B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-07-28 | Emo Labs, Inc. | Acoustic transducers |
USD741835S1 (en) | 2013-12-27 | 2015-10-27 | Emo Labs, Inc. | Speaker |
US9232316B2 (en) | 2009-03-06 | 2016-01-05 | Emo Labs, Inc. | Optically clear diaphragm for an acoustic transducer and method for making same |
USD748072S1 (en) | 2014-03-14 | 2016-01-26 | Emo Labs, Inc. | Sound bar audio speaker |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102007041850A1 (en) * | 2007-09-03 | 2009-03-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ultrasonic sensor with a carrier element and a membrane, wherein the membrane is embedded in the carrier element |
US8068635B2 (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2011-11-29 | Emo Labs, Inc. | Diaphragm with integrated acoustical and optical properties |
US8340327B2 (en) * | 2009-06-11 | 2012-12-25 | Magna International Inc. | Home theater |
WO2011020100A1 (en) * | 2009-08-14 | 2011-02-17 | Emo Labs, Inc | System to generate electrical signals for a loudspeaker |
KR101122509B1 (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2012-03-16 | 주식회사 이엠텍 | A sound converting apparatus |
EP2941015A4 (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2016-08-17 | Kyocera Corp | Sound generator, sound generating apparatus, and electronic apparatus |
US20150382110A9 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2015-12-31 | Lewis Athanas | Acoustic Transducer and Method for Driving Same |
DE102015213813A1 (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2017-01-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electro-acoustic transducer with path addition away from the sound direction |
US20180224937A1 (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2018-08-09 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Input and output device with tactile feedback |
US11250827B2 (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2022-02-15 | Carrier Corporation | Temperature compensation for piezo sounder |
US11076223B2 (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2021-07-27 | Denso Ten Limited | Speaker device |
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US4088915A (en) * | 1974-02-28 | 1978-05-09 | Pioneer Electronic Corporation | Curved polymeric piezoelectric electro-acoustic transducer |
US4607145A (en) * | 1983-03-07 | 1986-08-19 | Thomson-Csf | Electroacoustic transducer with a piezoelectric diaphragm |
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US6720708B2 (en) * | 2000-01-07 | 2004-04-13 | Lewis Athanas | Mechanical-to-acoustical transformer and multi-media flat film speaker |
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- 2006-05-31 EP EP06771778A patent/EP1886363A2/en not_active Withdrawn
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JP2008283350A (en) * | 2007-05-09 | 2008-11-20 | Foster Electric Co Ltd | Flexible display audio apparatus |
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US9094743B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-07-28 | Emo Labs, Inc. | Acoustic transducers |
US9100752B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-08-04 | Emo Labs, Inc. | Acoustic transducers with bend limiting member |
US9226078B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-12-29 | Emo Labs, Inc. | Acoustic transducers |
USD733678S1 (en) | 2013-12-27 | 2015-07-07 | Emo Labs, Inc. | Audio speaker |
USD741835S1 (en) | 2013-12-27 | 2015-10-27 | Emo Labs, Inc. | Speaker |
USD748072S1 (en) | 2014-03-14 | 2016-01-26 | Emo Labs, Inc. | Sound bar audio speaker |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1886363A2 (en) | 2008-02-13 |
CA2610466A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
WO2006130731A2 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
JP2008546315A (en) | 2008-12-18 |
EP1886362A2 (en) | 2008-02-13 |
US20080273720A1 (en) | 2008-11-06 |
US20060269087A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
KR20080080257A (en) | 2008-09-03 |
KR20080080258A (en) | 2008-09-03 |
WO2006130731A3 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
JP2008546319A (en) | 2008-12-18 |
KR101260543B1 (en) | 2013-05-06 |
US7884529B2 (en) | 2011-02-08 |
CA2610483A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
JP5064384B2 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
WO2006130782A3 (en) | 2007-10-25 |
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