WO2006128208A1 - Glass body with a precious stone enclosed in the glass and precious stone and method for producing such a glass body - Google Patents

Glass body with a precious stone enclosed in the glass and precious stone and method for producing such a glass body Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006128208A1
WO2006128208A1 PCT/AT2006/000224 AT2006000224W WO2006128208A1 WO 2006128208 A1 WO2006128208 A1 WO 2006128208A1 AT 2006000224 W AT2006000224 W AT 2006000224W WO 2006128208 A1 WO2006128208 A1 WO 2006128208A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
glass
gemstone
glass body
precious stone
enclosed
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT2006/000224
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Natascha Schenk
Original Assignee
Natascha Schenk
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Natascha Schenk filed Critical Natascha Schenk
Publication of WO2006128208A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006128208A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44C—PERSONAL ADORNMENTS, e.g. JEWELLERY; COINS
    • A44C17/00—Gems or the like
    • A44C17/04—Setting gems in jewellery; Setting-tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44C—PERSONAL ADORNMENTS, e.g. JEWELLERY; COINS
    • A44C27/00—Making jewellery or other personal adornments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B44C5/005—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies comprising inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
    • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
    • B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
    • B44C5/0438—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers containing stone elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B17/00—Forming molten glass by flowing-out, pushing-out, extruding or drawing downwardly or laterally from forming slits or by overflowing over lips
    • C03B17/02—Forming molten glass coated with coloured layers; Forming molten glass of different compositions or layers; Forming molten glass comprising reinforcements or inserts
    • C03B17/025—Tubes or rods

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a glass body with a glass enclosed in the gemstone.
  • Such a commodity is known from DE 102 12 967 Al.
  • This document discloses a watch glass in which diamonds are inserted and arranged in the form of a pattern.
  • the insertion and fixing of the diamonds in the glass takes place in such a way that the diamond is fixed in the glass surrounding it only at one or a few locally strongly limited places.
  • the fixation is carried out either by melting an additional buffer zone made of solder glass in the region of these local contact points, by means of adhesive or by means of a Goldzarge, in which the diamond was used and in turn inserted and fixed in the glass.
  • the diamond In the embodiments in which the diamond is enclosed by the glass, it is thus located in a cavity and is connected to the glass body only via the fixing points.
  • optical effect is specifically required that the contact between glass and diamond must be avoided.
  • the optical effect of a diamond enclosed in this way therefore essentially corresponds to the optical effect which a naked gemstone exerts on an observer.
  • JP 2004010409 A discloses a product made by glass blowing, in which a powder or luminous grains are introduced, in which document no reference is found to gemstones enclosed in the glass body.
  • SU 806625 B merely discloses various compositions of glass grades with which soldering to leucosaphir and kovar is possible, with the exception of the specific compositions and proportions of the various components for such a glass being described in this document with respect to gemstones enclosed in the glass body , DE 24 33 526 C3 discloses a glass body, which serves for the production of needles with a diamond tip. The glass surrounding the diamond is used in this document to fix the diamond.
  • US 6,601,409 Bl discloses spherical glass body, inside which figures are included. In the process for producing these glass bodies, the figures are introduced into a molten glass.
  • US 6,060,011 discloses a method for enclosing objects in a spherical glass body. The object is placed in a spherical shape, into which liquid glass is subsequently introduced.
  • US 1,889,390 discloses a drinking glass in the style of which a flower-like design is included.
  • US 5,895,512 discloses a glass body into which a body provided with a message or message has melted. It can also be a, for example, colored, glass figure.
  • the closest prior art is DE 102 12 967.
  • the character of the enclosed diamond does not appear to an observer substantially differently than if it were not behind or before a glass layer would be arranged.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide a glass body in which the enclosed gems have a hitherto unknown, new forms, distortions and light effects causing effect.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a glass body whose inclusions have a characteristic intrinsic value with respect to the glass body and at the same time a noble appearance.
  • these objects are achieved with a glass body of the type mentioned above in that the gemstone is melted in the glass body, wherein the gemstone rests substantially with its entire surface on the glass body.
  • Such a glass body is produced according to the invention in that the gemstone is completely introduced into a molten glass and is heated before being introduced into the molten glass.
  • the idea according to the invention consists in the fact that, after the solidification of the glass, the latter, after the solidification of the glass, essentially rests with its entire surface on the glass body or touches it everywhere as a result of the introduction of the gemstone into a glass melt.
  • the term "essentially” refers to the fact that it can not be ruled out that in the course of production small air pockets or bubbles occur at the interface, but these are barely visible and do not disturb the desired appearance of the gemstone.
  • opaque gemstones such as lapis lazuli, jasper, opaque forms of ruby, beryl, etc. may also be included in a vitreous body of the invention.
  • the overall effect is a spherical impression that lets the gemstone float in the glass, seemingly weightless and detached from its glass matrix. Depending on the viewing angle, different impressions of the same gem stone can be obtained.
  • the lens effect of the glass (depending on the shape and thickness) can be used to influence the size effect of the gemstone.
  • impressive reflections are created by the incidence of (sun) light, which enhances the sparkle of the gem or semiprecious stone.
  • all gemstones are suitable inclusions - the term gemstones naturally also includes semi-precious stones - whose melting temperatures are below the melting temperature of the glass.
  • the melting temperatures or melting ranges depend on the type and composition of the glass, and be between 1000 - 1700 0 C. Quartz glass even has a melting temperature of 2003 ° C. It should be noted that the gem itself is not destroyed, burned or melted on the edge. Especially good is diamond with its high melting temperature.
  • the production of a glass body according to the invention takes place in such a way that the gemstone is introduced into a molten glass.
  • the gemstone Before that, the gemstone must be heated slowly to temperatures between 700 and 900 ° C, preferably 750 ° C, to contact with the molten glass whose temperature is around 1400 ° C, high temperature gradients inside the gemstone and thus cracks, cracks, dislocations in the crystal lattice, etc. to avoid.
  • the temperature of the gemstone should therefore be brought to about half the temperature of the molten glass.
  • the glass surrounding the gemstone is a borosilicate glass.
  • Essential properties of borosilicate glasses are their low sensitivity to temperature changes and high resistance against chemical agents. They have a higher content of silicon dioxide than soda lime and lead glass. Their name is due to the proportion of boron trioxide.
  • Borosilicate glass is used in the household as a "refractory glass” but above all it is used in the chemical industry and in laboratories.Borosilicate glass has a relatively small expansion compared to other glasses such as float glass or drawn glass, causing stress due to different contraction when cooled In this way, the production of a glass body according to the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the figures and the steps shown therein:
  • the gemstone is brought to a temperature of 700 0 C to 900 ° C, preferably about 750 degrees Celsius before processing using an electric furnace. This must of course be material-specific, since the combustion point under oxygen atmosphere in some gemstones already at 800 ° C.
  • the gemstone is stored on a graphite block and is exposed during the heating phase of the ambient atmosphere. Vacuum atmosphere would also be conceivable to avoid oxidation on the surface of the gemstone. However, this depends on the properties of each gemstone.
  • the glass tubes 1 of any length to be used - for brevity preferably shortened to a length of about 7 to 10 cm - are heated on one side and thereby closed with a plug (FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • This plug is referred to in the jargon as a glass bottom or round bottom, therefore, this nomenclature is used in the following.
  • the thus prepared glass tube 1 is heated on one side with the flame 2 so far (the heated or molten areas are shown hatched in the figure) that it becomes viscous. Thereafter, the viscous tube end is widened by means of a suitable tool to a funnel (Fig. 3), which is intended to facilitate the introduction of the gemstone 3. After that lets Cool the machined glass tube to room temperature and store it until further use.
  • the pretreated glass tubes 1 are e.g. with a propane / methane with oxygen, preferably compressed air, at the opposite end of the funnel heated until the glass melts and subsequently the molten glass terminates the tube on this side. Thereafter, depending on the need and size of the Edensteins to be melted, the glass tube is further melted until the required volume on the glass has collected as a liquid glass bottom 4 at the bottom of the glass tube ( Figure 4).
  • the gemstone 3 is removed from the oven and placed under the shortest possible stay in the cool ambient air with the aid of a suitable tool, for example a special tweezers in the above funnel-shaped opening of the glass tube 1 and on the still liquid glass bottom at the bottom of the Glass tube dropped (Fig. 4).
  • a suitable tool for example a special tweezers in the above funnel-shaped opening of the glass tube 1 and on the still liquid glass bottom at the bottom of the Glass tube dropped (Fig. 4).
  • the actual introduction of the gemstone is then carried out by creating a vacuum in the tube 1 (Fig. 5), which causes the (tougher) glass to close around the gemstone 3 and fully embed it (Figure 6).
  • the gemstone is fused in the round bottom, which of course does not mean that the gemstone itself melts.
  • the gemstone is merely surrounded by the glass and retains its structure and shape.
  • the negative pressure may e.g. be done by a vacuum pump or by suction with the mouth.
  • the gemstone 3 is enclosed in the glass body 5 ( Figure
  • inventive glass bodies are manifold.
  • Such gemstone inclusions are mainly for decorative purposes and can be used in various utility and art objects. Examples include jewelry of all kinds, Nippes figures, candle holders, table accessories, cutlery, glass chandeliers and handles of drinking glasses and much more.
  • Possible gemstone inclusions include, for example, sapphire, beryl, zoisite, turmalite, citrine, amethyst, alexandrite, aquamarine. Garnet, ruby, emerald and diamond are particularly suitable. Only best quality stones should be used, preferably from a diameter of 1.5 mm.
  • the further processing of the glass body can be done in various ways.
  • the glass bottom with the precious metal contained therein may be reheated or immediately further processed immediately after the stone has been introduced into the glass, e.g. through glass bubbles.
  • the glass with the included gemstone can also be cut, sanded, fused or glued together with other parts of a utility or art object.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)

Abstract

Glass body (5) with a precious stone (3) enclosed in the glass and method for producing such a glass body. The invention relates to a glass body (5) with a precious stone (3) enclosed in it. In order to show off the precious stone to better effect, the precious stone (3) is completely embedded in the glass body (5) in such a way that the precious stone (3) lies against the glass body (5) substantially with its entire surface. A method for producing such a glass body (5) provides that the precious stone (3) is introduced completely into a glass melt and is heated before being introduced into the glass melt.

Description

Glaskörper mit einem im Glas eingeschlossenen Edelstein und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen GlaskörpersGlass body with a glass enclosed in the gemstone and method for producing such a glass body
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Glaskörper mit einem im Glas eingeschlossenen Edelstein.The invention relates to a glass body with a glass enclosed in the gemstone.
Ein derartiger Gebrauchsgegenstand ist aus der DE 102 12 967 Al bekannt. Diese Druckschrift offenbart ein Uhrglas, in dem Diamanten eingesetzt und in Form eines Musters angeordnet sind. Das Einsetzen und die Fixierung der Diamanten im Glas erfolgt derart, dass der Diamant im ihn umgebenden Glas nur an einer oder wenigen lokal stark begrenzten Stellen fixiert ist. Die Fixierung erfolgt entweder durch Aufschmelzen einer zusätzlichen Puffer-Zone aus Lotglas im Bereich dieser lokalen Berührungsstellen, mittels Kleber oder mittels einer Goldzarge, in die der Diamant eingesetzt wurde und wiederum im Glas eingesetzt und befestigt wird. In den Ausführungsbeispielen, in denen der Diamant vom Glas umschlossen ist, befindet er sich somit in einem Hohlraum und ist mit dem Glaskörper nur über die Fixierungspunkte verbunden. Der Rest der Diamantoberfläche weist keinen Kontakt zum Glaskörper auf und ist von Luft umgeben. Zur Erzielung der in dieser Druckschrift erwünschten optischen Wirkung wird ausdrücklich gefordert, dass der Kontakt zwischen Glas und Diamant vermieden werden muss. Die optische Wirkung eines derart eingeschlossenen Diamants entspricht daher im wesentlichen der optischen Wirkung, die ein nackter Edelstein auf einen Beobachter ausübt.Such a commodity is known from DE 102 12 967 Al. This document discloses a watch glass in which diamonds are inserted and arranged in the form of a pattern. The insertion and fixing of the diamonds in the glass takes place in such a way that the diamond is fixed in the glass surrounding it only at one or a few locally strongly limited places. The fixation is carried out either by melting an additional buffer zone made of solder glass in the region of these local contact points, by means of adhesive or by means of a Goldzarge, in which the diamond was used and in turn inserted and fixed in the glass. In the embodiments in which the diamond is enclosed by the glass, it is thus located in a cavity and is connected to the glass body only via the fixing points. The rest of the diamond surface is not in contact with the glass body and is surrounded by air. To achieve the desired in this document optical effect is specifically required that the contact between glass and diamond must be avoided. The optical effect of a diamond enclosed in this way therefore essentially corresponds to the optical effect which a naked gemstone exerts on an observer.
Die JP 2004010409 A offenbart einen durch Glasblasen hergestellten Artikel, in den ein Pulver oder leuchtende Körner eingebracht werden, wobei in diesem Dokument kein Hinweis auf im Glaskörper eingeschlossene Edelsteine zu finden ist.JP 2004010409 A discloses a product made by glass blowing, in which a powder or luminous grains are introduced, in which document no reference is found to gemstones enclosed in the glass body.
Die SU 806625 B offenbart lediglich verschiedene Zusammensetzungen von Glassorten, mit welchen das Anlöten an Leucosaphir und Kovar möglich ist, wobei in diesem Dokument außer den konkreten Zusammensetzungen und Anteilen der verschiedenen Komponenten für ein derartiges Glas nichts weiter im Hinblick auf im Glaskörper eingeschlossene Edelsteine beschrieben wird. Die DE 24 33 526 C3 offenbart einen Glaskörper, der zur Herstellung von Nadeln mit einer Diamantspitze dient. Der den Diamanten zum Teil umgebende Glaskörper wird in diesem Dokument zur Fixierung des Diamanten herangezogen.SU 806625 B merely discloses various compositions of glass grades with which soldering to leucosaphir and kovar is possible, with the exception of the specific compositions and proportions of the various components for such a glass being described in this document with respect to gemstones enclosed in the glass body , DE 24 33 526 C3 discloses a glass body, which serves for the production of needles with a diamond tip. The glass surrounding the diamond is used in this document to fix the diamond.
Die US 6,601,409 Bl offenbart sphärische Glaskörper, in dessen Inneren Figuren eingeschlossen sind. Beim Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Glaskörper werden die Figuren in eine Glasschmelze eingebracht.US 6,601,409 Bl discloses spherical glass body, inside which figures are included. In the process for producing these glass bodies, the figures are introduced into a molten glass.
Die US 6,060,011 offenbart ein Verfahren zum Einschließen von Objekten in einem sphärischen Glaskörper. Dabei wird das Objekt in eine sphärische Form gelegt, in die anschließend flüssiges Glas eingebracht wird.US 6,060,011 discloses a method for enclosing objects in a spherical glass body. The object is placed in a spherical shape, into which liquid glass is subsequently introduced.
Die US 1,889,390 offenbart ein Trinkglas, in dessen Stil ein blumenartiges Design eingeschlossen ist.US 1,889,390 discloses a drinking glass in the style of which a flower-like design is included.
Die US 5,895,512 offenbart einen Glaskörper, in den ein mit einer Nachricht oder Mitteilung versehener Körper eingeschmolzen ist. Es kann sich dabei auch um eine, beispielsweise farbige, Glasfigur handeln.US 5,895,512 discloses a glass body into which a body provided with a message or message has melted. It can also be a, for example, colored, glass figure.
All diesen letzteren Druckschriften ist gemein, dass die eingeschlossenen Objekte billige Gegenstände, wie Plastik- oder Glasfiguren, künstlich hergestellte Designs oder Alltagsgegenstände, wie Würfel, Korken, Spielfiguren, etc.. sind. Es handelt sich dabei mehr oder weniger um wertlose Gegenstände, die, wenn sie in Glas eingeschlossen und zu einem Gebrauchsgegenstand verarbeitet sind, insbesondere in der Schmuckbranche einen gewissen materiellen Wert des entstehenden Produktes vortäuschen sollen. Dies gelingt jedoch nur in unzureichendem Maße und aus diesem Grund ist das Interesse an derartigen Gebrauchsgegenständen auch als sehr gering einzustufen. Hinzukommt, dass es sich bei derartigen Gläsern um Massenartikel handelt, die für jeden leicht erschwinglich sind. Der Reiz, einen derartigen Gegenstand in seine eigene Schmuck-, Kunst- oder Wertgegenstandssammlung zu aufzunehmen, ist somit verschwindend.Common to all these latter pamphlets is that the enclosed objects are cheap items such as plastic or glass figures, man-made designs or everyday items such as dice, corks, playing pieces, etc. These are more or less worthless objects which, when encased in glass and made into a commodity, are supposed to simulate some material value of the resulting product, especially in the jewelry industry. However, this succeeds only to an insufficient extent and for this reason, the interest in such commodities is also classified as very low. In addition, such glasses are mass-produced items that are easily affordable for everyone. The appeal of including such an item in its own jewelery, art or valuables collection is thus vanishing.
Der nächstliegende Stand der Technik ist die DE 102 12 967. Mit einem in dieser Druckschrift offenbarten Glaskörper erscheint der Charakter des eingeschlossenen Diamants einem Beobachter nicht wesentlich anders, als wenn dieser nicht hinter bzw. vor einer Glasschicht angeordnet wäre. Ziel der Erfindung ist es jedoch, einen Glaskörper zu schaffen, bei dem die eingeschlossenen Edelsteine eine bislang unbekannte, neue Formen, Verzerrungen und Lichteffekte hervorrufende Wirkung besitzen. Das Ziel der Erfindung besteht gleichzeitig darin, einen Glaskörper zu schaffen, dessen Einschlüsse einen in Bezug auf den Glaskörper merklichen Eigenwert und gleichzeitig eine edle Erscheinungsform aufweisen.The closest prior art is DE 102 12 967. With a glass body disclosed in this document, the character of the enclosed diamond does not appear to an observer substantially differently than if it were not behind or before a glass layer would be arranged. The aim of the invention, however, is to provide a glass body in which the enclosed gems have a hitherto unknown, new forms, distortions and light effects causing effect. At the same time, the object of the invention is to provide a glass body whose inclusions have a characteristic intrinsic value with respect to the glass body and at the same time a noble appearance.
Erfindungsgemäß werden diese Ziele mit einem Glaskörper der eingangs genannten Art dadurch erreicht, dass der Edelstein im Glaskörper eingeschmolzen ist, wobei der Edelstein im wesentlichen mit seiner gesamten Oberfläche am Glaskörper anliegt.According to the invention, these objects are achieved with a glass body of the type mentioned above in that the gemstone is melted in the glass body, wherein the gemstone rests substantially with its entire surface on the glass body.
Hergestellt wird ein derartiger Glaskörper erfindungsgemäß dadurch, dass der Edelstein vollständig in eine Glasschmelze eingebracht wird und vor dem Einbringen in die Glasschmelze erwärmt wird. Der erfindungsgemäße Gedanke besteht darin, dass durch das Einbringen des Edelsteins in eine Glasschmelze dieser nach dem Erstarren des Glases im wesentlichen mit seiner gesamten Oberfläche am Glaskörper anliegt bzw. diesen überall berührt. Der Ausdruck „im wesentlichen" bezieht sich dabei darauf, dass es nicht auszuschließen ist, dass im Zuge der Herstellung z.T. kleine Lufteinschlüsse bzw. -blasen an der Grenzfläche auftreten, jedoch sind diese kaum sichtbar und stören das gewünschte Erscheinungsbild des Edelsteins nicht.Such a glass body is produced according to the invention in that the gemstone is completely introduced into a molten glass and is heated before being introduced into the molten glass. The idea according to the invention consists in the fact that, after the solidification of the glass, the latter, after the solidification of the glass, essentially rests with its entire surface on the glass body or touches it everywhere as a result of the introduction of the gemstone into a glass melt. The term "essentially" refers to the fact that it can not be ruled out that in the course of production small air pockets or bubbles occur at the interface, but these are barely visible and do not disturb the desired appearance of the gemstone.
Im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik, in dem der Edelstein von Luft in einem vom Glas gebildeten Hohlraum umgeben ist, können durch das vollständige Eingebettetsein neuartige optische Effekte von Edelsteinen erzielt werden. Dies liegt darin begründet, dass das Licht beim Übergang von Luft zum Festkörper stärker gebrochen wird, als beim Übergang von Festkörper zu Festkörper. An der Grenze zwischen Edelstein und Glas kommt es im Inneren des Edelsteines nur noch bei extremen Einfallswinkeln zu Totalreflexionen. Anstelle dessen treten in Abhängigkeit der Brechungswinkel des Edelsteines Ablenkungen der Lichtstrahlen an der Grenzfläche. Diese rufen einerseits überraschende Verformungen und Verzerrungen des Edelsteins hervor und machen ihn für einen Beobachter transparenter. Je nach Dicke und Außenkontur des Glaskörpers (sphärisch, konvex, konkav, etc.) kann zusätzlich zu diesem Effekt das Erscheinungsbild des eingeschlossenen Edelsteins beeinflusst werden. - A -In contrast to the prior art, in which the gemstone is surrounded by air in a cavity formed by the glass, the complete embeddedness of novel gemstone optical effects can be achieved. This is due to the fact that the light is more strongly refracted during the transition from air to solid, as in the transition from solid to solid. At the boundary between gemstone and glass, total reflection only occurs at extreme angles of incidence inside the gemstone. Instead, as a function of the angle of refraction of the gemstone, deflections of the light rays occur at the interface. On the one hand, these cause surprising deformations and distortions of the gemstone and make it more transparent for an observer. Depending on the thickness and outer contour of the glass body (spherical, convex, concave, etc.), in addition to this effect, the appearance of the enclosed gemstone can be influenced. - A -
Selbstverständlich können auch undurchsichtige Edelsteine, wie Lapislazuli, Jaspis, undurchsichtige Formen von Rubin, Beryll, etc. in einem erfindungsgemäßen Glaskörper eingeschlossen werden. Im gesamten entsteht ein sphärischer Eindruck, der den Edelstein im Glas schwebend, gleichsam schwerelos und losgelöst von seiner Glasmatrix, erscheinen lässt. Abhängig vom Betrachtungswinkel lassen sich unterschiedliche Eindrücke ein und desselben Edelsteinsteins gewinnen. Über die Linsenwirkung des Glases (je nach Form und Dicke) kann die Größenwirkung des Edelsteins gezielt beeinflusst werden. Darüber hinaus entstehen beeindruckende Reflexionen bei Einfall von (Sonnen-)licht, die das Funkeln des Edelsteins oder Halbedelsteins verstärken.Of course, opaque gemstones such as lapis lazuli, jasper, opaque forms of ruby, beryl, etc. may also be included in a vitreous body of the invention. The overall effect is a spherical impression that lets the gemstone float in the glass, seemingly weightless and detached from its glass matrix. Depending on the viewing angle, different impressions of the same gem stone can be obtained. The lens effect of the glass (depending on the shape and thickness) can be used to influence the size effect of the gemstone. In addition, impressive reflections are created by the incidence of (sun) light, which enhances the sparkle of the gem or semiprecious stone.
Als Einschlüsse eignen sich prinzipiell alle Edelsteine - unter den Begriff Edelsteine fallen selbstverständlich auch Halbedelsteine — , deren Schmelztemperaturen unter der Schmelztemperatur des Glases liegen. Die Schmelztemperaturen bzw. Schmelzbereiche hängen von Art und Zusammensetzung des Glases ab und betragen zwischen 1000 - 1700 0C. Quarzglas besitzt sogar eine Schmelztemperatur von 2003 °C. Es ist zu beachten, dass der Edelstein dabei selbst nicht zerstört, verbrannt oder am Rande aufgeschmolzen wird. Besonders gut eignet sich Diamant mit seiner hohen Schmelztemperatur.In principle, all gemstones are suitable inclusions - the term gemstones naturally also includes semi-precious stones - whose melting temperatures are below the melting temperature of the glass. The melting temperatures or melting ranges depend on the type and composition of the glass, and be between 1000 - 1700 0 C. quartz glass even has a melting temperature of 2003 ° C. It should be noted that the gem itself is not destroyed, burned or melted on the edge. Especially good is diamond with its high melting temperature.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen die Fig. 1 - 7 die zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Glaskörpers erforderlichen Schritte.In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. 1 to 7 show the steps required to produce a glass body according to the invention.
Die Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Glaskörpers erfolgt derart, dass der Edelstein in eine Glasschmelze eingebracht wird. Davor muss der Edelstein langsam erwärmt werden auf Temperaturen zwischen 700 und 900°C, vorzugsweise 750°C, um beim Kontakt mit der Glasschmelze, deren Temperatur um die 1400°C beträgt, hohe Temperaturgradienten im Inneren des Edelsteins und somit Sprünge, Risse, Versetzungen im Kristallgitter, etc. zu vermeiden. Die Temperatur des Edelsteins sollte demnach etwa auf die Hälfte der Temperatur der Glasschmelze gebracht werden.The production of a glass body according to the invention takes place in such a way that the gemstone is introduced into a molten glass. Before that, the gemstone must be heated slowly to temperatures between 700 and 900 ° C, preferably 750 ° C, to contact with the molten glass whose temperature is around 1400 ° C, high temperature gradients inside the gemstone and thus cracks, cracks, dislocations in the crystal lattice, etc. to avoid. The temperature of the gemstone should therefore be brought to about half the temperature of the molten glass.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das den Edelstein umgebende Glas ein Borsilikatglas. Wesentliche Eigenschaften der Borsilikatgläser sind ihre geringe Empfindlichkeit gegen Temperaturwechsel und die hohe Beständigkeit gegenüber chemischen Einwirkungen. Sie haben einen höheren Anteil an Siliziumdioxid als Kalknatron und Bleiglas. Ihre Bezeichnung verdanken sie dem Anteil an Bortrioxid. Im Haushalt wird Borsilikatglas als „feuerfestes Glas" verwendet. Vor allem aber wird es in der chemischen Industrie und in Laboratorien benutzt. Borsilikatglas weist im Vergleich zu anderen Gläsern wie Floatglas oder gezogenes Glas eine relativ geringe Ausdehnung auf, wodurch beim Abkühlen Spannungen aufgrund unterschiedlicher Zusammenziehung von Glas und Edelstein vermieden werden können. Dadurch kann das Springen des erstarrendes Glases vermieden werden. Im folgenden soll die Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Glaskörpers anhand der Figuren und den darin gezeigten Schritten näher beschrieben werden:In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the glass surrounding the gemstone is a borosilicate glass. Essential properties of borosilicate glasses are their low sensitivity to temperature changes and high resistance against chemical agents. They have a higher content of silicon dioxide than soda lime and lead glass. Their name is due to the proportion of boron trioxide. Borosilicate glass is used in the household as a "refractory glass" but above all it is used in the chemical industry and in laboratories.Borosilicate glass has a relatively small expansion compared to other glasses such as float glass or drawn glass, causing stress due to different contraction when cooled In this way, the production of a glass body according to the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the figures and the steps shown therein:
Erhitzen des EdelsteinsHeating the gemstone
Eine Erwärmung des Edelsteins erfolgt zur Verdrängung von im Kristallgitter enthaltenemA warming of the gemstone takes place to displace contained in the crystal lattice
Kristallwasser und zur Anpassung an die thermische Ausdehnung des Glases. Der Edelstein wird vor der Verarbeitung mit Hilfe eines elektrischen Ofens auf eine Temperatur von 7000C bis 900°C, vorzugsweise etwa 750 Grad Celsius gebracht. Dies muss selbstverständlich materialspezifisch erfolgen, da der Verbrennungspunkt unter Sauerstoffatmosphäre bei manchen Edelsteinen bereits bei 800°C liegt. Dabei lagert der Edelstein auf einem Graphitblock und ist während der Phase der Erwärmung der Umgebungsatmosphäre ausgesetzt. Vakuumatmosphäre wäre ebenfalls denkbar, um Oxidationen an der Oberfläche des Edelsteins zu vermeiden. Jedoch hängt dies von den Eigenschaften des jeweiligen Edelsteins ab.Crystal water and to adapt to the thermal expansion of the glass. The gemstone is brought to a temperature of 700 0 C to 900 ° C, preferably about 750 degrees Celsius before processing using an electric furnace. This must of course be material-specific, since the combustion point under oxygen atmosphere in some gemstones already at 800 ° C. The gemstone is stored on a graphite block and is exposed during the heating phase of the ambient atmosphere. Vacuum atmosphere would also be conceivable to avoid oxidation on the surface of the gemstone. However, this depends on the properties of each gemstone.
Erschmelzen eines Trichters Die zu verwendenden Glasrohre 1 beliebiger Länge - der Handhabbarkeit wegen vorzugsweise auf eine Länge von etwa 7 bis 10 cm abgekürzt - werden auf einer Seite erwärmt und dadurch mit einem Pfropfen verschlossen (Fig. 1 und Fig. 2). Dieser Pfropfen wird im Fachjargon auch als Glasboden oder runder Boden bezeichnet, daher wird auch im folgenden diese Nomenklatur verwendet. Das so vorbereitete Glasrohr 1 wird auf einer Seite mit der Flamme 2 so weit erwärmt (die erwärmten bzw. geschmolzenen Bereiche sind in der Fig. schraffiert dargestellt), dass es zähflüssig wird. Danach wird das zähflüssige Rohrende mit Hilfe eines geeigneten Werkzeuges zu einem Trichter aufgeweitet (Fig. 3), der die Einbringung des Edelsteines 3 erleichtern soll. Danach lässt man das bearbeitete Glasrohr auf Raumtemperatur abkühlen und lagert es bis zur weiteren Verwendung.Melting of a funnel The glass tubes 1 of any length to be used - for brevity preferably shortened to a length of about 7 to 10 cm - are heated on one side and thereby closed with a plug (FIGS. 1 and 2). This plug is referred to in the jargon as a glass bottom or round bottom, therefore, this nomenclature is used in the following. The thus prepared glass tube 1 is heated on one side with the flame 2 so far (the heated or molten areas are shown hatched in the figure) that it becomes viscous. Thereafter, the viscous tube end is widened by means of a suitable tool to a funnel (Fig. 3), which is intended to facilitate the introduction of the gemstone 3. After that lets Cool the machined glass tube to room temperature and store it until further use.
Einbringung des Edelsteins, Erschmelzen eines Glasbodens Die vorbehandelten Glasrohre 1 werden z.B. mit einer Propan/Methan mit Sauerstoff, vorzugsweise Druckluft, am dem Trichter gegenüberliegenden Ende so lange erwärmt bis das Glas schmilzt und in weiterer Folge das geschmolzene Glas das Rohr auf dieser Seite abschließt. Danach wird, je nach Bedarf und Größe des einzuschmelzenden Edensteins das Glasrohr so lange weitergeschmolzen bis das benötigte Volumen am Glas sich als flüssiger Glasboden 4 an der Unterseite des Glasrohres gesammelt hat (Fig. 4).Introduction of the Gemstone, Melting of a Glass Bottom The pretreated glass tubes 1 are e.g. with a propane / methane with oxygen, preferably compressed air, at the opposite end of the funnel heated until the glass melts and subsequently the molten glass terminates the tube on this side. Thereafter, depending on the need and size of the Edensteins to be melted, the glass tube is further melted until the required volume on the glass has collected as a liquid glass bottom 4 at the bottom of the glass tube (Figure 4).
Eigentliche EinbringungActual contribution
Der Edelstein 3 wird aus dem Ofen entnommen und unter möglichst kurzem Aufenthalt an der kühlen Umgebungsluft mit Hilfe eines geeigneten Werkzeuges, zum Beispiel einer speziellen Pinzette, in die obige, trichterförmige Öffnung des Glasrohres 1 eingebracht und auf den noch immer flüssigen Glasboden am unteren Ende des Glasrohres fallen gelassen (Fig. 4). Die eigentliche Einbringung des Edelsteins erfolgt danach durch Erzeugung eines Vakuums im Rohr 1 (Fig. 5), das dazu führt, dass sich das (zäh-)fmssige Glas um den Edelstein 3 schließt und diesen vollständig einbettet (Fig. 6). In der Sprache des Fachmanns wird der Edelstein im runden Boden verschmolzen, was selbstverständlich nicht bedeutet, dass der Edelstein selbst schmilzt. Der Edelstein wird lediglich vom Glas umgeben und behält seine Struktur und Form bei. Der Unterdruck kann z.B. durch eine Vakuumpumpe oder durch Ansaugen mit dem Mund erfolgen. Nach dem Abkühlen der Schmelze und gegebenenfalls Abtrennung vom Rohr befindet sich der Edelstein 3 im Glaskörper 5 eingeschlossen (Fig. 7), wobei kein Zwischenraum zwischen Glas und Diamant vorhanden ist (bis auf etwaige kleine Lufteinschlüsse z.B. in Form von Blasen).The gemstone 3 is removed from the oven and placed under the shortest possible stay in the cool ambient air with the aid of a suitable tool, for example a special tweezers in the above funnel-shaped opening of the glass tube 1 and on the still liquid glass bottom at the bottom of the Glass tube dropped (Fig. 4). The actual introduction of the gemstone is then carried out by creating a vacuum in the tube 1 (Fig. 5), which causes the (tougher) glass to close around the gemstone 3 and fully embed it (Figure 6). In the language of the expert, the gemstone is fused in the round bottom, which of course does not mean that the gemstone itself melts. The gemstone is merely surrounded by the glass and retains its structure and shape. The negative pressure may e.g. be done by a vacuum pump or by suction with the mouth. After cooling the melt and optionally separating it from the tube, the gemstone 3 is enclosed in the glass body 5 (Figure 7) with no gap between glass and diamond (except for any small air pockets, e.g., in the form of bubbles).
Anwendungsgebieteapplication areas
Die Anwendungsgebiete erfmdungsgemäßer Glaskörper sind vielfältig. Derartige Edelsteineinschlüsse dienen hauptsächlich zu Dekorzwecken und können in verschiedenen Gebrauchs- und Kunstgegenständen eingesetzt werden. Beispielhaft angeführt seien Schmuckstücke aller Art, Nippes-Figuren, Kerzenständer, Tischaccessoires, Besteck, Glasluster und Stiele von Trinkgläsern uvm. Mögliche Edelsteineinschlüsse umfassen u.a. z.B. Saphir, Beryll, Zoisit, Turmalit, Citrin, Amethyst, Alexandrit, Aquamarin. Besonders gut eignen sich Granat, Rubin, Smaragd und Diamant. Es sollten nur Steine bester Qualität und vorzugsweise ab einem Durchmesser von 1,5 mm verwendet werden.The fields of application of inventive glass bodies are manifold. Such gemstone inclusions are mainly for decorative purposes and can be used in various utility and art objects. Examples include jewelry of all kinds, Nippes figures, candle holders, table accessories, cutlery, glass chandeliers and handles of drinking glasses and much more. Possible gemstone inclusions include, for example, sapphire, beryl, zoisite, turmalite, citrine, amethyst, alexandrite, aquamarine. Garnet, ruby, emerald and diamond are particularly suitable. Only best quality stones should be used, preferably from a diameter of 1.5 mm.
Die Weiterverarbeitung des Glaskörpers kann auf verschiedenste Weise erfolgen. Der Glasboden mit dem darin enthaltenen Edelstem kann erneut erhitzt werden oder direkt nach der Einbringung des Steines in das Glas sofort weiter verarbeitet werden, z.B. durch Glasblasen. Das Glas mit dem eingeschlossenen Edelstein kann aber auch geschnitten, geschliffen, angeschmolzen oder mit anderen Teilen eines Gebrauchs- oder Kunstgegenstandes zusammengeklebt werden. The further processing of the glass body can be done in various ways. The glass bottom with the precious metal contained therein may be reheated or immediately further processed immediately after the stone has been introduced into the glass, e.g. through glass bubbles. The glass with the included gemstone can also be cut, sanded, fused or glued together with other parts of a utility or art object.

Claims

Patentansprüche: claims:
1. Glaskörper mit einem darin eingeschlossenen Edelstein, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Edelstein im Glaskörper vollständig eingebettet ist, derart, dass der Edelstein im wesentlichen mit seiner gesamten Oberfläche am Glaskörper anliegt.1. glass body with a gemstone enclosed therein, characterized in that the gemstone is completely embedded in the glass body, such that the gemstone rests substantially with its entire surface on the glass body.
2. Glaskörper nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Edelstein in Borsilikatglas eingeschlossen ist.2. Glass body according to claim 1, characterized in that the gemstone is enclosed in borosilicate glass.
3. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Glaskörpers nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Edelstein vollständig in eine Glasschmelze eingebracht wird und vor dem Einbringen in die Glasschmelze erwärmt wird.3. A method for producing a glass body according to claim 1, characterized in that the gemstone is completely introduced into a molten glass and is heated prior to introduction into the molten glass.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Edelstein in ein Glasrohr mit einem das Glasrohr im unteren Bereich verschließenden Pfropfen, dem Glasboden, aus Glasschmelze gebracht wird.4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the gemstone is placed in a glass tube with a glass tube in the lower region occluding plug, the glass bottom of molten glass.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nach dem Einlegen des Edelsteins im Inneren des Glasrohres Unterdruck, beispielsweise durch eine Vakuumpumpe oder durch Ansaugen mit dem Mund, erzeugt wird. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that after inserting the gemstone in the interior of the glass tube negative pressure, for example by a vacuum pump or by suction with the mouth, is generated.
PCT/AT2006/000224 2005-05-30 2006-05-30 Glass body with a precious stone enclosed in the glass and precious stone and method for producing such a glass body WO2006128208A1 (en)

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