WO2006125339A1

WO2006125339A1 - Shock absorber of motor vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2006125339A1
Application number: PCT/CN2005/000711
Authority: WO
Inventors: Zongze Wang
Original assignee: Zongze Wang
Priority date: 2005-05-23
Filing date: 2005-05-23
Publication date: 2006-11-30

Abstract

A shock absorber of motor vehicle comprises an upper cylinder with an upper end plate, a lower cylinder with a lower end plate, and a piston disposed in the upper and lower cylinder. The volume of the lower cylinder is larger than the volume of the upper cylinder. The upper surface of said piston has a larger area than its lower surface. There are a through hole in the center of the piston, which is communicated with the upper and the lower cylinder and formed a first air chamber and a second air chamber. The present invention has a lot of advantages, such as small volume and perfect seal performance and so on.

Description

Shock absorber for motor vehicles

The present invention relates to a shock absorber, and more particularly to a gas shock absorbing device. Background technique

The current automobile shock absorbers mostly use springs and dampers. The insurmountable contradiction is that the shock absorption effect requires the spring to have excellent elasticity, and the elastic oscillation time is long. To eliminate the oscillation, it is necessary to add damping, and the damping Well, it is equivalent to reducing the elasticity of the spring, greatly reducing the effect of shock absorption. In severe cases, it is equivalent to the hard suspension of the car body, which loses the feeling of softness and comfort, making people dizzy.

Known technologies also have shock absorbers that adopt a gas structure, such as the Chinese patent number:

200320125942.X, the invention name is: air cushion type shock absorber. A damping effect is achieved by utilizing the difference between the pressure change of the air and the change in the volume of the cylinder. However, its shortcomings are: In the air pressure system, the piston of the moving parts is sealed with an o-shaped apron, and the cylinder is pressed against the o-ring to achieve the purpose of sealing. The pressing force is sealed. The elasticity of the rubber ring ensures that the piston has the following defects: Firstly: Due to the wear and plastic deformation of the rubber ring, the pressing force of the cylinder against the sealing ring becomes smaller and smaller with the use time, so the sealing thereof Sexuality also decreases, eventually leading to the loss of sealing performance of the sealing ring, resulting in leakage, shortening the normal working cycle, frequent maintenance; Second, after the sealing ring loses sealing performance, the pneumatic system cannot maintain the initial sealing state. It is not even possible to maintain a stable working condition, so it has to adopt a conservative approach to increase the design margin and increase the cost. Third, the ultimate working pressure of the sealing system is low.

Second: When the connecting rod set on the piston is too high, the volume of the shock absorber is too large. For some small car bodies, the use of the chassis is low, which causes limitations in use. Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a shock absorbing device which is small in size, good in system sealing performance, limited in working pressure 髙, stable in shock absorbing performance, and low in maintenance, and is suitable for use in various motor vehicles.

The present invention is achieved by the following technical solution - a shock absorber for a motor vehicle according to the present invention, an upper cylinder provided with an upper end cover, a lower cylinder provided with a lower end cover, and a piston disposed in the upper and lower cylinders And a one-way inflation valve disposed at a center position of the lower end cover, the volume of the lower cylinder is larger than the volume of the upper cylinder, the upper surface area of the piston in the cylinder is smaller than the area of the lower surface of the piston, and the center position of the piston Opening a through hole, connecting the upper and lower cylinders to form a first air chamber and a second air chamber, wherein the piston is provided with at least three piston rods, and the end of the cleaning rod is provided a connector for fixing the vehicle body; a pressure equalizing groove is disposed in the mounting groove of the piston for mounting the sealing rubber ring, and the radial pressure hole is disposed in the pressure equalizing groove, and the radial hole is disposed in the The channels of the end faces of the pistons are connected to each other for supplying pressure to the sealing aprons by the pressure medium.

The diameter of the through hole is 5 mm -20 mm; the height of the piston rod is lower than the height of the upper end cover; the connector for fixing the vehicle body is a connector of an annular structure; The groove width is less than 2 mm of the width of the mounting groove; the radial holes are at least 4, and the hole pitches are equal; the radial hole has a diameter of 0.5 mm - 2.5 mm; and the diameter of the hole is 0.5 mm - 5 mm The sealing rubber ring is composed of a structure in which the inner side of the O-ring is provided with a groove, and the groove has a width of 0.2 mm - 0.5 mm;

The beneficial effects produced by the technical solution of the present invention are:

1. Using the structure of the upper and lower cylinders and the upper and lower areas of the piston, the first air chamber A and the second air chamber B are formed, and the two chambers are connected with through holes, and the volume and area of the two chambers vary with the movement of the piston. And the change, the pressure is also followed by the change to produce the effect of offsetting the external force to achieve shock absorption. The body is equivalent to being placed on a balloon with a certain pressure, as if it is suspended in the air, which can reduce the vibration amplitude and almost no oscillation, and its damping effect is much better than the current shock absorber.

2 Adding a pressure equalizing groove for the pressure medium to flow through the mounting groove of the sealing rubber ring portion of the piston, and providing a plurality of radial small holes in the pressure equalizing groove, the radial holes communicating with the holes disposed at the end faces of the piston The structure changes the sealing between the piston and the cylinder. The pressing force in one direction is the two-way pressing force, that is, the plurality of small holes in the radial direction of the piston communicate with the pressure receiving surface of the piston end face, and the pressing force of the cylinder wall against the rubber ring In addition, the force of the working medium on the apron, so that the apron is tightly attached to the cylinder wall, the greater the working medium pressure, the better the degree of sealing. The wear and plastic deformation of such a rubber ring does not affect the pressing force between the cylinder wall and the apron, and thus does not cause a problem that the sealing property decreases with the use time. Within a certain range of deformation and wear, the sealing property is always the same, which can effectively prevent leakage, greatly improve the limit pressure of the system work, and prolong the time when the equipment is in the initial working state.

3. A groove is formed on the inner side of the O-shaped sealing jaw, so that the sealing ring having the groove is more elastic than the general O-ring, which is more elastic during the pressing process, has a long durability, and has a better sealing effect. Reduced the number of times the apron was replaced.

4. The invention shortens the piston rod disposed on the piston, so that the twist of the connector connected thereto is greatly reduced, and the original portion of the upper end cover is changed to be disposed lower than the upper end cover, that is, the connector The position is lower than the position of the upper cylinder and tends to be 'parallel' with the piston, which can greatly reduce the overall height of the damping device, that is, about one-third lower than the original height, which not only saves raw materials, but also reduces manufacturing costs. It is due to the reduction in the degree of use, in addition to the general trucks, trains or other models can be used, but also broaden the scope of use of small cars.

5. The invention has reasonable structure, simple manufacturing process and wide application fields, and can produce better economic effects. DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention

2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of radial holes and through holes of the piston of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 2

Figure 4 is an enlarged view of B in Figure 2

Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the sealing ring of the present invention

Figure 6 is a schematic view of the working state of the piston in the unloaded heavy state of the present invention

Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the working state of the piston in the normal load state of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the state of the piston X when the road surface is convex in the present invention.

Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the working state of the piston when the pit of the road surface of the present invention is encountered.

Check valve 1 Bolt 2 Elastic washer 3 Lower end cover 4 Mounting hole 5 Lower cylinder 6 Piston 7 Through hole 8 Cylinder 9 Piston rod 10 Connector 11 Seal 12 Upper end cover 13 Radial hole 14 Hole 15 Mounting groove 16 Pressure equalization Slot 17 sealing rubber ring 18 groove 19 first air chamber A second air chamber B

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

As shown in Fig. 1, the shock absorber for a motor vehicle according to the present invention comprises an upper cylinder 9 provided with an upper end cover 13, a lower cylinder provided with a lower end cover 4, and a piston 7 provided in the upper and lower cylinders. A gasket 12 is respectively disposed between the lower end cover 4 and the lower cylinder 6 and between the upper end cover 13 and the upper cylinder block 9 and fixed by bolts 2; the volume of the lower cylinder 6 is larger than that of the upper cylinder The volume of the body 9; the area of the two end faces of the piston 7 in the cylinder is also unequal, and the area of the upper end surface of the piston is smaller than the area of the lower end surface of the piston; a through hole 8 is opened at the center of the piston 7 to communicate When the upper and lower cylinders form the first air chamber A and the second air chamber B, when the aperture size of the through hole 8 is appropriately changed, the magnitude of the damping can be changed; when the piston 7 moves, since the chambers A and B The cross-sectional area is different, then the volume of A+B is different, that is, if the total volume is increased, the cylinder is above the upper side, and the cylinder is positioned below the cylinder, so as to achieve the effect of offsetting the change of the external force, thereby achieving the purpose of damping; The piston 7 is provided with at least three or more heights lower than the upper end cover 13 The plug rod 10 has one end fixed to the piston 7, and the other end is fixed to the connector 11 by the bolt 2 and the spring washer 3. To reduce the total height, the height of the piston rod 10 can be arbitrarily adjusted to suit different models. For the use of a motor vehicle, this embodiment is provided with four piston rods 10, the height and the upper part of the piston The end faces are parallel; in order to improve the sealing effect between the piston and the cylinder, the side wall of the piston 7 contacting the upper cylinder 9 and the lower cylinder 6 is respectively provided with a mounting groove 16, and a pressure equalizing groove 19 is opened in the groove of the mounting groove 16, The width of the pressure equalizing groove 19 is smaller than that of the mounting groove 16; as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of radial holes 14 are disposed in the pressure equalizing groove 19, and the radial holes 14 are equally spaced along the circumference. , at least 4, the aperture is 0.5 mm -2.5nmi, the aperture of the embodiment is 0.5 mm; the radial hole 14 is communicated with the sealing hole 15 disposed at the end surface of the piston 7 for the circulation of different pressure media. the number of bore 15 is provided with a number of radially disposed piston bore 14 matches, that is to say each is provided a radial bore 14 provided corresponding thereto have a bore _15, the present embodiment is provided with four a hole 15 communicating with the radial hole having a hole diameter of 1 mm; the middle portion of the lower end cover 4 is provided with a one-way inflation valve 1 for inflating the air chamber; and the outer side of the lower end cover 4 is provided with a mounting hole 5, for fixing the lower end cover 4 to the wheel through the bolt 2; Sealing rubber ring 18; As shown in FIG. 5, the sealing rubber ring 18 is provided with a groove 20 on the inner side of the ordinary sealing O-ring, and the groove 20 has a width of 1 mm -3 mm, and the groove of this embodiment The width of 20 is 2 mm, which is characterized by increasing the pressure on the two wings in the direction in which the working medium pressurizes the sealing ring, so that the two wings of the apron section (like the tail of the swallow) are pressed against the groove to improve the sealing. . At the same time, it also increases the elasticity of the sealing rubber ring and prolongs the service life, reducing the number of times the apron is replaced. The principle of operation of the present invention is as follows:

The present invention is a cylinder filled with a pressure of 1-2 MP. The cylinder has two pistons of different sizes and connected together, and the pressure difference caused by the difference in area is used to support the weight of the automobile body and the occupant. As shown in Figure 1, the two air chambers A and B have central holes connected to maintain the same pressure in the two chambers. The body is rigidly attached to the piston and the cylinder is fixed to the wheel axle seat. When the piston moves, because the cross-sectional areas of the chambers A and B are different, the sum of the volume of the two chambers, that is, the total volume changes with the movement of the piston, causing the gas pressure to change accordingly, and the effect of offsetting the external force is generated to achieve the purpose of damping. As shown in FIG. 6, it is a schematic diagram of the working state of the piston under the normal load state of the present invention. The position is above the cylinder, and the distance that the piston is lowered is smaller than the falling distance of the cylinder, that is, the falling range of the vehicle body is reduced, and the damping is 3⁄4 The effect is. As shown in Figure 7, when the cylinder rises, that is, when the wheel encounters the boss and rises, it adds extra gravity to the piston. At this time, the A+B volume becomes smaller, the air pressure increases, and a resistance is added. The force of the instantaneous pressure, the rise of the piston is less than the magnitude of the rise of the cylinder (relative to the position of the cylinder); as shown in Figure 8, when the cylinder moves downward (ie, the wheel encounters a pit and descends), The chamber A is enlarged, the chamber B is reduced, the total volume is increased, the air pressure is lowered, and the supporting force is lowered to accommodate the temporary weight loss on the piston, so that the piston is balanced at a new position (relative to the position where the cylinder is lower).

The above is the principle of two-way damping. Even if the wheel needs to rise or fall for a long time (that is, the road surface is uneven for a certain distance), the piston can finally return to the original equilibrium position (the distance between the piston movement and The movement of the cylinder is consistent. The external force is also transmitted to the piston (ie the body) through the gas. The movement of the body lags behind the change of the road surface and is a slow change. The vibration of the vehicle body is greatly damped and does not tremble, even if the cylinder There is a large amount of motion (that is, the unevenness of the road exceeds the maximum stroke of the piston), and the body will also have a soft landing feeling, which greatly reduces the hard bumpiness of the body. Make the occupants extremely comfortable.

Of course, by appropriately changing the size of the through-holes in the upper and lower air chambers, the size of the damping can be adjusted, and the time and amplitude of the vibration can be greatly reduced, so that the occupant feels soft and trembles, just as the entire vehicle body is suspended in an atmosphere. In the trough, changes in the outside world are difficult to transmit to the vehicle body. This is different from a gas spring. The gas spring is not damped or can be added to underdamped, and the tremor is dizzying. The present invention completely overcomes this disadvantage. The following is a specific design example:

If the body weight of a car is 2 tons, then all four wheels are carried on the hooks, each 500 kg, plus occupants and carrying items carrying 600 kg per wheel. The diameter of each shock absorber is 4.0 cm and 8.0 cm, the difference between the upper and lower areas is about 38 cm 2 , and the stroke of the piston is 10 cm above and below. When the balance is in the middle position, the gas pressure is 600 kg I 38 cm 2 "16 Kilograms I square centimeter, about 1.6MP. However, when it is not loaded (ie not installed in the car), the piston should rise to the top of the cylinder, that is, the volume of chamber B is 0, the chamber A is the maximum, and A +B also reaches the maximum volume of about 1000 cubic centimeters, while the piston In the middle position, the volume of A + B is 625 cubic centimeters. When the piston is at the top of the cylinder, the air pressure should be reduced from 1.6MP to IMP, that is, the shock absorber should be inflated to 10 kg/cm 2 when it is empty. It can be seen that by changing the initial inflation pressure or the upper and lower piston areas, shock absorbers for different load models can be designed.

Considering the need for the shock absorber to be connected to the body, the design is provided with a connector that can be placed at the top, above the position where the piston of the upper cylinder moves, but this increases the overall height of the shock absorber. The length of the piston rod is also long and uneconomical. Therefore, the design of the connector at the waist (the middle position of the upper cylinder) can reduce the total height of the shock absorber by 1/3, and the length of the piston rod is reduced by 1/2. It saves raw materials and broadens the range of use of various models.

The shock absorber of the present invention can completely replace the existing vehicle shock absorber. The tires of the car can be inflated to the maximum limit (non-pneumatic tires or hard tires can also be used), which increases the hardness of the tires, thereby reducing the rolling friction resistance of the car, which can increase the speed and fuel consumption more effectively.

Claims

Rights request

A shock absorber for a motor vehicle, comprising: an upper cylinder provided with an upper end cover, a lower cylinder provided with a lower end cover, a piston disposed in the upper and lower cylinders, and a unidirectional position disposed at a center position of the lower end cover The inflation valve is configured, the volume of the lower cylinder is larger than the volume of the upper cylinder, the upper surface area of the piston in the cylinder is smaller than the area of the lower surface of the piston, and a through hole is opened at the center of the piston, which is connected to the upper portion. Forming a first air chamber and a second air chamber, wherein the piston is provided with at least three piston rods, and the end of the piston rod is provided with a connector for fixing the vehicle body; A pressure equalizing groove is disposed in the mounting groove of the sealing rubber ring, and the radial pressure hole is disposed in the pressure equalizing groove, and the radial hole communicates with the hole disposed at the end surface of the piston, and is used for supplying a pressure medium to the sealing rubber ring Pressurization.

2. The shock absorber for a motor vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the through hole has a diameter of 5 mm to 20 mm.

3. The shock absorber for a motor vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the height of the piston rod is lower than the height of the upper end cover.

The shock absorber for a motor vehicle according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the connector for fixing the vehicle body is a connector having an annular structure.

The shock absorber for a motor vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the pressure equalization groove has a groove width smaller than a width of the mounting groove by at least 2 mm.

6. The shock absorber for a motor vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the radial holes are at least four and the pitches are equal.

The shock absorber for a motor vehicle according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the radial hole has a diameter ' of 0.5 nun - 2.5 mm.

8. The shock absorber for a motor vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the tunnel is 0.5 mm -5 mm

9. The shock absorber for a motor vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the seal rubber ring is constituted by a structure in which a groove is provided inside the O-ring.

The damper device for a motor vehicle according to claim 1 or 9, wherein the groove has a width of 1 mm - 3 mm.