WO2006101399A1 - Procede de separation et separateur correspondant - Google Patents

Procede de separation et separateur correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006101399A1
WO2006101399A1 PCT/NO2006/000098 NO2006000098W WO2006101399A1 WO 2006101399 A1 WO2006101399 A1 WO 2006101399A1 NO 2006000098 W NO2006000098 W NO 2006000098W WO 2006101399 A1 WO2006101399 A1 WO 2006101399A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
separator
fluid
components
gas
separation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO2006/000098
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Per Eivind Gramme
Original Assignee
Norsk Hydro Asa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Norsk Hydro Asa filed Critical Norsk Hydro Asa
Publication of WO2006101399A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006101399A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
    • B01D19/0031—Degasification of liquids by filtration
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0208—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0208—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D17/0214—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation with removal of one of the phases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/04—Breaking emulsions
    • B01D17/045—Breaking emulsions with coalescers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
    • B01D19/0042—Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a method and a separator for separation of a fluid containing two or more fluid components, for example separation of oil, gas and water, comprising a separator body in the form of a tank or similar with an inlet for the supply of the fluid, and two or more outlets for draining the separated components from the separator.
  • the gas bubbles will be distributed among the drops and will thus, purely sterically, be able to prevent the drops from colliding with each other and thus reduce drop coalescence and drop growth.
  • the gas bubbles will be located in among the drops in the tightly-packed drop layer and thus prevent drop contact and drop coalescence. The same mechanism may prevent phase inversion and displace the phase inversion water-cut towards a higher water-cut in oil/water systems. 3. Gas bubbles will be adsorbed on the fibre surfaces in the filters and thus prevent drops and particles from coming into contact with the fibres and being adsorbed to them.
  • the present invention represents a separation method and a gravitation separator device in which the above problems are avoided.
  • the method in accordance with the present invention is characterised in that the gas is removed before the fluid flows through the active inner separator components, as specified in the attached independent claim 1 , while the separator device is characterised by the inner separator components being arranged in the tank at a distance from the inlet that ensures that virtually all the gas has been removed from the fluid before it arrives in the inner separator components, as specified in the attached independent claim 3.
  • the dependent claims 2 and 4-5 define advantageous features of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows A) water drops in an oily fluid, B) the same as in A), but with gas bubbles dispersed in between the water drops, C) a tightly-packed drop cluster of water and gas bubbles and D) a simplified diagram showing the correlation between gas bubbles and drop growth.
  • Fig. 2 shows a drawing of a separator in accordance with the present invention with inner components located correctly and incorrectly,
  • Fig. 3 shows a drawing of a double sieve plate and a single sieve plate that are designed to be arranged in a separator
  • Fig. 4 shows a drawing of a separator with two double sieve plates arranged ahead of a traditional, active inner components solution in a separator
  • Fig. 5 shows a diagram that indicates the correlation between reduced coalescent force and gas fraction in tightly-packed drop layers for oils with different densities
  • Fig. 6 shows a diagram in which the critical gas fraction in an emulsion is compared with the density of the oil phase.
  • Fig. 1 A shows water drops in an oily fluid.
  • Fig. 1 B shows the same as in A), but with gas bubbles dispersed in between the water drops.
  • Fig. 1 C) shows a tightly-packed drop cluster (drop accumulation) of water and gas bubbles.
  • gas bubbles that are present in fluid/fluid (for example oil/water) or particle/fluid (for example particle/water) have a significant negative effect on drop growth processes.
  • Fig. 1 D) shows a simplified diagram showing the correlation between gas bubbles and drop growth. As the diagram shows, gas bubbles prevent drop coalescence and drop growth. As Fig. 1 E) shows, gas bubbles will prevent phase inversion by displacing the phase inversion water-cut to a higher water-cut.
  • a precondition for the above type of active inner separator components to work efficiently in a multiphase separator, in which the fluid phase is in contact with a free gas phase and in which the multiphase flow has passed from a higher system pressure to a lower system pressure and will thus always be slightly supersaturated with gas, is that the inner components are installed at a location in the separator at which the gas phase has mainly been removed from the fluid phase.
  • the fluid phase should not contain more than 1-2 % vol. free gas and it should not precipitate gas on surfaces to which the fluid phase is exposed.
  • the fluid In oil production systems, the fluid will always be supersaturated, as the fluid originally comes from a high reservoir pressure. On account of the pressure drop over pipes, valves and other processing equipment, the system pressure is reduced successively until the fluid is stable when it leaves the process. There will also always be a free gas phase in contact with the fluid phase (oil and water).
  • the present invention is based on the gas in a fluid to be separated having to be almost completely removed before efficient separation can be achieved.
  • the particular features of the present invention are that the inner components in a separator can be located so that the function and separation efficiency are optimised and that design-related measures can be taken to reduce the gas content of the fluid before it passes the active inner components in the separator.
  • the content of free gas in the oil phase must be lower than 2 % vol.
  • the minimum distance from the separator inlet is therefore determined by the bubble size, the concentration in the fluid phase out of the separator inlet and how fast the bubbles are separated by gravitation separation in the separator. Important factors that affect this are the viscosity and emulsion viscosity of the oil and whether the bubbles have to pass through tightly-packed drop layers on the oil/water interface.
  • the active inner separator components can be located relatively close to the inlet.
  • such inner components must be located relatively far away from the separator inlet, for example in the rear half of the separator. The necessary distance from the separator inlet is determined by means of gravitation separation calculations.
  • Fig. 2 shows a separator 1 with an inlet 2 connected to a cyclone device 3, and an outlet 4 for water, an outlet 14 for oil and a third outlet 5 for gas.
  • the tank contains a fluid to be separated consisting of gas 6, oil 7 and water 8 with an intermediate emulsion 9 of oil and water.
  • the solution shows the incorrect and correct locations of inner separator components 13 in relation to the presence of gas bubbles 10 in the fluid.
  • the gas bubbles are prevented from rising fast to the gas/oil surface by the emulsion layer 9, i.e. the tightly-packed drop layer on the interface. The reason is that the gas bubbles have to force their way through a tightly-packed structure.
  • Inner separator components that induce turbulence and agitation in the fluid phase will facilitate this gas transport considerably.
  • the general reason why sieve plates 11 and double sieve plates 12 are used in separators is the effect the plates have to even out the fluid flow across the separator cross-section, i.e. as a flow director.
  • sieve plates and, in particular, double sieve plates also have another important effect; they create turbulence and agitation in the fluid phase so that the drops coalesce more easily and the gas bubbles pass through the emulsion layer more easily.
  • a bubble passes through a tightly-packed drop layer more easily when the drops are moving in relation to each other than when the drop layer is stationary, without relative movement and deadlocked.
  • the gas bubbles can find a way upwards, driven by the difference in density between the fluid and the gas.
  • Sieve plates in particular double sieve plates
  • the critical distance at which active inner separator components 13 must be located from the inlet can therefore be reduced considerably if sieve plates 11 or preferably double sieve plates are used upstream of the active inner separator components 13.
  • Fig. 5 shows a diagram, based on calculations, that indicates the correlation between reduced coalescent force and gas fraction in tightly-packed drop layers for oils with different densities
  • Fig. 6 shows another diagram, based on calculations, in which the critical gas fraction in an emulsion is compared with the density of the oil phase.
  • the critical gas fraction in an oil/water emulsion is considerably higher for oils with a low density than for oils with a higher density. More specifically, Fig. 6 shows that oils with a density of approximately 600 kg/m 3 have a critical gas fraction of just over 5 %, while oils with a density of approximately 1000 kg/m 3 have a critical gas fraction of approximately 0 %.
  • the inner separator components prefferably be located at a distance from the inlet that ensures that the local concentration of gas bubbles does not exceed 5 % for light oils and 2% for heavy oils.
  • bubble breakers such as latticed plates made of expanded metal or similar, can be used instead of sieve plates. It is also possible to use one, two or more plates or similar that are designed to remove gas from the fluid in a separator.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)

Abstract

cette invention concerne un procédé permettant d'améliorer la séparation d'un fluide contenant au moins deux composants fluides, par exemple, la séparation d'huile, de gaz et d'eau. Le dispositif décrit dans cette invention comprend un corps de séparateur (1) présentant la forme d'une cuve ou de tout autre réceptacle similaire, laquelle cuve est pourvue d'un orifice d'amenée (2) permettant l'amenée du fluide, au moins deux orifices de sortie (4, 5) permettant l'évacuation des composants séparés à l'extérieur du séparateur, et des éléments séparateurs internes actifs (13) disposés à l'intérieur de la cuve. Selon le mode de réalisation décrit dans cette invention, le gaz est éliminé avant que le fluide ne traverse les éléments séparateurs internes actifs.
PCT/NO2006/000098 2005-03-21 2006-03-15 Procede de separation et separateur correspondant WO2006101399A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20051491 2005-03-21
NO20051491A NO20051491L (no) 2005-03-21 2005-03-21 Fremgangsmate og anordning ved en gravitasjonsseparator.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006101399A1 true WO2006101399A1 (fr) 2006-09-28

Family

ID=35267114

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2006/000098 WO2006101399A1 (fr) 2005-03-21 2006-03-15 Procede de separation et separateur correspondant

Country Status (2)

Country Link
NO (1) NO20051491L (fr)
WO (1) WO2006101399A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012206100A (ja) * 2011-03-30 2012-10-25 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 気液分離装置
US20140043414A1 (en) * 2012-08-08 2014-02-13 Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co., Ltd. Gas-liquid separator and inkjet recording apparatus using the same
US10364431B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2019-07-30 Sarepta Therapeutics, Inc. Compositions for treating muscular dystrophy

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4396404A (en) * 1981-07-27 1983-08-02 Engelman-General, Inc. Flow control for oil, gas, water separation
WO2005005777A1 (fr) * 2003-07-09 2005-01-20 Norsk Hydro Asa Separateur de conduite avec separation amelioree

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4396404A (en) * 1981-07-27 1983-08-02 Engelman-General, Inc. Flow control for oil, gas, water separation
WO2005005777A1 (fr) * 2003-07-09 2005-01-20 Norsk Hydro Asa Separateur de conduite avec separation amelioree

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012206100A (ja) * 2011-03-30 2012-10-25 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 気液分離装置
US20140043414A1 (en) * 2012-08-08 2014-02-13 Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co., Ltd. Gas-liquid separator and inkjet recording apparatus using the same
US9308738B2 (en) * 2012-08-08 2016-04-12 Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co., Ltd. Gas-liquid separator and inkjet recording apparatus using the same
US9481175B2 (en) 2012-08-08 2016-11-01 Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co., Ltd. Gas-liquid separator and inkjet recording apparatus using the same
US9744769B2 (en) 2012-08-08 2017-08-29 Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co., Ltd. Gas-liquid separator and inkjet recording apparatus using the same
US10364431B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2019-07-30 Sarepta Therapeutics, Inc. Compositions for treating muscular dystrophy

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO20051491L (no) 2006-09-22
NO20051491D0 (no) 2005-03-21

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