WO2006095448A1 - Transmission protocol using carrier wave as basic signal clock - Google Patents

Transmission protocol using carrier wave as basic signal clock Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006095448A1
WO2006095448A1 PCT/JP2005/007732 JP2005007732W WO2006095448A1 WO 2006095448 A1 WO2006095448 A1 WO 2006095448A1 JP 2005007732 W JP2005007732 W JP 2005007732W WO 2006095448 A1 WO2006095448 A1 WO 2006095448A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transponder
carrier wave
interrogator
unique
transmission
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2005/007732
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Kenichi Kato
Original Assignee
Kenichi Kato
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kenichi Kato filed Critical Kenichi Kato
Publication of WO2006095448A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006095448A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10297—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves arrangements for handling protocols designed for non-contact record carriers such as RFIDs NFCs, e.g. ISO/IEC 14443 and 18092
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/0008—General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer

Definitions

  • the present invention is to use RF as limited resources efficiently and to carry out low electric power signal RF transmission.
  • This system makes RF receiver's S/N ratio worse, and in order to cover this bad ratio, a RF transmitter has to increase the output power. Therefore, RF transmission power must be powered up in order to get long communication distance.
  • a transponder called a Passive tag that does not have direct power source like batteries, on the RFID system, have depended on an interrogator's output power, therefore transmission RF is powered up to get long communication distance.
  • a transponder that does not have direct power source like batteries, on the RFID system, have depended on an interrogator's output power, therefore transmission RF is powered up to get long communication distance.
  • the RF transmission method to occupy wideband radio zone for a lot of information transmission and effective use of a radio zone like CDMA needs much transmission power in the result.
  • the key element is to make RF transmission bandwidth narrow and decrease RF output power.
  • the elements are provided by the present invention.
  • the present invention makes the communication distance, that is the other problem, longer between transponders and the interrogators than existing output power RF system.
  • the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned subject.
  • the present invention has a) the unique protocol, that is carried out after comparing and identifying own ID with unique IDs, that are the unique counter number IDs owned by each transponder and made by using carrier wave generated from the interrogator on the RF system as known as RFID. This carrier wave is used as basic signal for increment of the transponder's built-in counter. b) the unique protocol, that senses and identifies the signal on the statement, in which it synthesized from the output power generated from the interrogator and the output power generated from the transponder, as the signal received from the transponder for the interrogator. c) the unique protocol, that carries out Time Division Duplex carrier wave output to prevent for some interference among plural interrogator antennas and plural transponders.
  • the unique protocol having the feature that each transponder has the system to count the carrier wave and corresponds just pre-compared in which each transponder identifies the carrier wave count number as the number owned by the transponder, to prevent for the collision of responses of plural transponders.
  • the unique protocol that carries out the random start and stop of the carrier wave on the interrogator in order to carry out random individual ID corresponding for plural transponders.
  • the unique protocol that has the feature that cannot be used for sub-carrier and carries out RF transmission within the very narrow bandwidth.
  • the unique protocol that carries out low electric power RF transmission due to the very narrow bandwidth transmission.
  • the unique protocol that carries out the digital processing, which does the center frequency modulation processing in order to promote the very narrow bandwidth RF transmission.
  • This communication system does not need the modulation by sub-carrier to communicate. As a result, this system provides the narrow band communication. Since the present invention makes receiver's S/N ratio better, it provides the way using low level output power transmission on RF communication.
  • this system does not use the sub-carrier, it is easy to distinguish transmitted signal from the RF noise, therefore, it is possible to recognize transmitted signal using low electric transmission output power.
  • the transponder makes its existence recognized to the interrogator.
  • the length of the data bit of corresponding signal is increased, it is possible the system corresponds with any information.
  • the no response time of the transponder absorbs some count error.
  • ID 0 is identified as no response ID and the ID is set as the basic number.
  • Figure 1 is the structure of invented system, and it shows the smallest structure as a communication system.
  • the system is composed of interrogator (1), transponder (2), transmit antenna (3) and receive antenna (4).
  • Figure 2 is the structure of the interrogator, and the transponder for Figure 3.
  • This system uses the carrier wave radiated by the RF transmitter (7) on the interrogator (1) as the basic signal at the synchronous circuit on the transponder (2).
  • the transponder By using the signal, that is received by the receive antenna (10) and transferred to the RF circuit, to move the transponder's built-in counter (12), the transponder counts the basic signal carrier wave generated by the interrogator (1). On the other hand, the transponder (2) always compares its own unique ID with the count number of the built-in counter (12) by the comparing device (13).
  • the transponder (2) corresponds to the interrogator (1) when the unique ID of the transponder (2) matches the count number of the built-in counter (12).
  • the response of the transponder (2) is the RF modulated signal.
  • the signal is modulated by a combination of the way of ASK modulation and PSK modulation, which is made by the pulse controller (16), in order to prevent the collision with the carrier wave generated by the interrogator (1).
  • Figure 4 shows a timing chart of the communication. It shows the case of the 180-degree pulse shift by the way of PSK modulation, however, the number of degree of the pulse shift is not limited.
  • each transponder (2) has the system to respond signal includes no response time.
  • the interrogator (1) that receives the response of the transponder (2), it is receiving its own carrier wave to the RF receiver unit (8). In case the interrogator (1) receives the corresponding signal, the interrogator
  • the receiver unit of the interrogator (1) has the program like a farm ware or similar program and the processing unit (6) that carries out the program.
  • the processing unit has analysis functions, like FFT, and recognizes the subtract phenomenon, that has already described above, from the analysis.
  • Interrogator (1) has its own built-in counter and counts its own carrier wave pulse when it radiates the carrier wave. Using the function of the counter, it is possible for the interrogator to stop the carrier wave pulse radiation randomly when a program sets the stop cord. Interrogator (1) has the function at the carrier wave generator circuit block on the RP transmit unit (7) that stops the carrier wave radiation randomly and the interrogator is able to stop the carrier wave anytime. By stopping the output of the carrier wave randomly, the interrogator (2) is able to transmit the radio wave intentionally as the basic signal pulse. The interrogator is able to request the response of the transponder (2), which has random unique ID, continuing the intentional start and intentional stop.
  • the modulation method of the interrogator (1) is similar to that of ASK modulation of RF technology.
  • This communication system does not need the modulation by sub-carrier to communicate. As a result, this system provides the narrow band communication. Since the present invention makes receiver's S/N ratio better, it provides the way using low level output power transmission on RF communication.
  • this system does not use the sub-carrier, it is easy to distinguish transmitted signal from the RF noise, therefore, it is possible to recognize transmitted signal using low electric transmission output power.
  • the modulation method of the present invention that is similar to the ASK modulation, is generally called as the
  • OOK modulation is controlled by the way that carrier wave is inserted into the modulation circuit unit of the transition circuit.
  • the phase of real carrier wave is not the same as the phase of the intentional control wave, and in the end, this mismatch generates the no- intentional RF side band at the modulation circuit and the other RF circuit.
  • the present invention provides the way to solve the problem that is described above as generating side band, by introducing the digital processing.
  • the method is doing the gate control at the down slide side of the phase of the carrier wave before the amplifier of the RF transmission circuit.
  • each transmission wave might be mixed.
  • the antenna can receive as OOK modulation without analyzing a potential difference.
  • Modulation type can be ASK modulation or combination of FSK or BPK.
  • the present invention is not used only for RFID system, but can be applied to others as the occasional demands.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)

Abstract

To solve RF communication problems, the key element is to make the RF transmission bandwidth narrow and decrease the RF output power. The elements are provided by the present invention. In addition, the present invention makes the communication distance, that is the other problem, longer between transponders and the interrogators than existing output power RF system. This system uses the carrier wave radiated by the RF transmitter on the interrogator (1) as the basic signal at the synchronous circuit on the transponder (2). By using the signal, that is received by the receive antenna (10) and transferred to the RF circuit, to move the transponder's built-in counter (13), transponder counts the basic signal carrier wave generated by the interrogator (1). On the other hand, the transponder (2) always compares its own unique ID with the count number of the built-in counter (12) by the comparing device (13). A transponder (2) corresponds to the interrogator (1) when the unique ID of the transponder (2) matches the count number of the built-in counter (12).

Description

DESCRIPTION
TRANSMISSION PROTOCAL USING CARRIER WAVE AS BASIC SIGNAL CLOCK
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is to use RF as limited resources efficiently and to carry out low electric power signal RF transmission.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Carrier wave from the interrogator modulated with sub-carrier wave to bring the data on the RF system, that forces to occupy some bandwidth to transmit the data.
This system makes RF receiver's S/N ratio worse, and in order to cover this bad ratio, a RF transmitter has to increase the output power. Therefore, RF transmission power must be powered up in order to get long communication distance.
Especially, a transponder called a Passive tag, that does not have direct power source like batteries, on the RFID system, have depended on an interrogator's output power, therefore transmission RF is powered up to get long communication distance. In addition, there is a limit on the technology to make a transponder small package and low power consumption.
The RF transmission method to occupy wideband radio zone for a lot of information transmission and effective use of a radio zone like CDMA needs much transmission power in the result.
It is clear that these disadvantages are related with the damage of human body from the strong electromagnetic power or the bad manner of the consumption of limited RF environment.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
To solve RF communication problems, the key element is to make RF transmission bandwidth narrow and decrease RF output power. The elements are provided by the present invention.
In addition, the present invention makes the communication distance, that is the other problem, longer between transponders and the interrogators than existing output power RF system.
The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned subject.
The present invention has a) the unique protocol, that is carried out after comparing and identifying own ID with unique IDs, that are the unique counter number IDs owned by each transponder and made by using carrier wave generated from the interrogator on the RF system as known as RFID. This carrier wave is used as basic signal for increment of the transponder's built-in counter. b) the unique protocol, that senses and identifies the signal on the statement, in which it synthesized from the output power generated from the interrogator and the output power generated from the transponder, as the signal received from the transponder for the interrogator. c) the unique protocol, that carries out Time Division Duplex carrier wave output to prevent for some interference among plural interrogator antennas and plural transponders. d) the unique protocol, having the feature that each transponder has the system to count the carrier wave and corresponds just pre-compared in which each transponder identifies the carrier wave count number as the number owned by the transponder, to prevent for the collision of responses of plural transponders. d) the unique protocol, that carries out the random start and stop of the carrier wave on the interrogator in order to carry out random individual ID corresponding for plural transponders. e) the unique protocol, that has the feature that cannot be used for sub-carrier and carries out RF transmission within the very narrow bandwidth. f) the unique protocol, that carries out low electric power RF transmission due to the very narrow bandwidth transmission. g) the unique protocol, that carries out the digital processing, which does the center frequency modulation processing in order to promote the very narrow bandwidth RF transmission.
This communication system does not need the modulation by sub-carrier to communicate. As a result, this system provides the narrow band communication. Since the present invention makes receiver's S/N ratio better, it provides the way using low level output power transmission on RF communication.
'Cause this system does not use the sub-carrier, it is easy to distinguish transmitted signal from the RF noise, therefore, it is possible to recognize transmitted signal using low electric transmission output power.
There is no limit for the number of transponders by one interrogator.
In case the data bit of corresponding signal is lbit for reference, the transponder makes its existence recognized to the interrogator. In case the length of the data bit of corresponding signal is increased, it is possible the system corresponds with any information. The no response time of the transponder absorbs some count error.
In case like a recognition error and a duplication error occur, it uses information managed by the interrogator as a basic signal, and the interrogator calls the transponder again.
If the number of the transponder IDs are 128, concerning to the basic number and the basic placement described above, ID 0 is identified as no response ID and the ID is set as the basic number.
In other case, it is possible that random ID becomes the basic place to manage the phase of the interrogator and the transponder. In case of setting the random ID as no response ID intentionally, BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING Figure 1 represents the structure of invented system Figure 2 represents the structure of invented interrogator Figure 3 represents the structure of Invented transponder Figure 4 represents the invented timing chart of communication
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Figure 1 is the structure of invented system, and it shows the smallest structure as a communication system. The system is composed of interrogator (1), transponder (2), transmit antenna (3) and receive antenna (4).
Figure 2 is the structure of the interrogator, and the transponder for Figure 3.
This system uses the carrier wave radiated by the RF transmitter (7) on the interrogator (1) as the basic signal at the synchronous circuit on the transponder (2).
By using the signal, that is received by the receive antenna (10) and transferred to the RF circuit, to move the transponder's built-in counter (12), the transponder counts the basic signal carrier wave generated by the interrogator (1). On the other hand, the transponder (2) always compares its own unique ID with the count number of the built-in counter (12) by the comparing device (13).
The transponder (2) corresponds to the interrogator (1) when the unique ID of the transponder (2) matches the count number of the built-in counter (12).
The response of the transponder (2) is the RF modulated signal. The signal is modulated by a combination of the way of ASK modulation and PSK modulation, which is made by the pulse controller (16), in order to prevent the collision with the carrier wave generated by the interrogator (1).
Figure 4 shows a timing chart of the communication. It shows the case of the 180-degree pulse shift by the way of PSK modulation, however, the number of degree of the pulse shift is not limited.
To enable to correspond the reply of the plural transponders (2), each transponder (2) has the system to respond signal includes no response time.
Concerning to the interrogator (1) that receives the response of the transponder (2), it is receiving its own carrier wave to the RF receiver unit (8). In case the interrogator (1) receives the corresponding signal, the interrogator
(1), that has received the response of a transponder (2) and has been receiving the carrier wave radiated by the same interrogator's antenna at the same time, recognizes the phenomenon, that is the subtract of the voltage of carrier wave and the response signal, as the response of the transponder. Figure 4 shows the images of the change of wave form.
The receiver unit of the interrogator (1) has the program like a farm ware or similar program and the processing unit (6) that carries out the program.
The processing unit has analysis functions, like FFT, and recognizes the subtract phenomenon, that has already described above, from the analysis.
Interrogator (1) has its own built-in counter and counts its own carrier wave pulse when it radiates the carrier wave. Using the function of the counter, it is possible for the interrogator to stop the carrier wave pulse radiation randomly when a program sets the stop cord. Interrogator (1) has the function at the carrier wave generator circuit block on the RP transmit unit (7) that stops the carrier wave radiation randomly and the interrogator is able to stop the carrier wave anytime. By stopping the output of the carrier wave randomly, the interrogator (2) is able to transmit the radio wave intentionally as the basic signal pulse. The interrogator is able to request the response of the transponder (2), which has random unique ID, continuing the intentional start and intentional stop. The modulation method of the interrogator (1) is similar to that of ASK modulation of RF technology.
This communication system does not need the modulation by sub-carrier to communicate. As a result, this system provides the narrow band communication. Since the present invention makes receiver's S/N ratio better, it provides the way using low level output power transmission on RF communication.
'Cause this system does not use the sub-carrier, it is easy to distinguish transmitted signal from the RF noise, therefore, it is possible to recognize transmitted signal using low electric transmission output power.
The modulation method of the present invention, that is similar to the ASK modulation, is generally called as the
ASK 100 % modulation or OOK modulation. However, the system of the invention is based on the unique digital processing to control the center frequency control, that has never been realized by the conventional technology.
On the conventional technology, OOK modulation is controlled by the way that carrier wave is inserted into the modulation circuit unit of the transition circuit. However, on this way, it is often happened that the phase of real carrier wave is not the same as the phase of the intentional control wave, and in the end, this mismatch generates the no- intentional RF side band at the modulation circuit and the other RF circuit.
The present invention provides the way to solve the problem that is described above as generating side band, by introducing the digital processing. The method is doing the gate control at the down slide side of the phase of the carrier wave before the amplifier of the RF transmission circuit.
As a result of improving the sensibility of the S/N ratio by non-sub-carrier system, this idea is considered to apply to the application like radio detection machine.
In communication between an interrogator and a transponder, each transmission wave might be mixed.
To solve this problem, there is a workaround by changing a turning direction of circle polarization.
In this case, the antenna can receive as OOK modulation without analyzing a potential difference. Modulation type can be ASK modulation or combination of FSK or BPK.
The present invention is not used only for RFID system, but can be applied to others as the occasional demands.

Claims

1. The protocol, that is carried out after comparing and identifying own ID with unique IDs, that are the unique counter number IDs owned by each transponder and made by using carrier wave generated from the interrogator on the RF system as known as RFID. This carrier wave is used as basic signal for increment of the transponder's built-in counter.
2. The claim 1 's unique protocol, that senses and identifies the signal on the statement, in which it synthesized from the output power generated from the interrogator and the output power generated from the transponder, as the signal received from the transponder for the interrogator.
3. The claim l 's unique protocol, that carries out Time Division Duplex carrier wave output to prevent for some interference among plural interrogator antennas and plural transponder.
4» The claim 1 's unique protocol, having the feature that each transponder has the system to count the carrier wave and corresponds pre-compared in which each transponder identifies the carrier wave count number as the number owned by the transponder, to prevent for the collision of responses of plural transponders.
5. The claim 1 's unique protocol, that carries out random start and stop of the carrier wave on the interrogator in order to carry out random individual ID corresponding for plural transponders.
6. The claim l 's unique protocol, that has the feature that cannot be used for sub-carrier and carries out RF transmission within the very narrow bandwidth.
7. The claim l 's unique protocol, that carries out low electric power RF transmission due to the very narrow bandwidth transmission.
8. The claim l 's unique protocol, that carries out the digital processing, which does the center frequency modulation processing in order to promote the very narrow bandwidth RF transmission.
PCT/JP2005/007732 2005-03-07 2005-04-15 Transmission protocol using carrier wave as basic signal clock WO2006095448A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2005-106697 2005-03-07
JP2005106697A JP2008060619A (en) 2005-03-07 2005-03-07 Communication protocol using carrier as reference signal

Publications (1)

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WO2006095448A1 true WO2006095448A1 (en) 2006-09-14

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6002344A (en) * 1997-11-21 1999-12-14 Bandy; William R. System and method for electronic inventory
US6538563B1 (en) * 1998-03-18 2003-03-25 National University Of Singapore RF transponder identification system and protocol

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6002344A (en) * 1997-11-21 1999-12-14 Bandy; William R. System and method for electronic inventory
US6538563B1 (en) * 1998-03-18 2003-03-25 National University Of Singapore RF transponder identification system and protocol

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