WO2006092586A1 - Procedes d'utilisation de particules enrobees partitionnees - Google Patents
Procedes d'utilisation de particules enrobees partitionnees Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006092586A1 WO2006092586A1 PCT/GB2006/000717 GB2006000717W WO2006092586A1 WO 2006092586 A1 WO2006092586 A1 WO 2006092586A1 GB 2006000717 W GB2006000717 W GB 2006000717W WO 2006092586 A1 WO2006092586 A1 WO 2006092586A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- particulates
- poly
- acrylic acid
- coated
- polymer
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- -1 poly(methyl acrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 43
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfuryl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CO1 XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical class CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol Chemical compound O=C.OC1=CC=CC=C1 SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- XYOMMVNZIAGSMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (prop-2-enoylamino)methyl propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound CCCS(=O)(=O)OCNC(=O)C=C XYOMMVNZIAGSMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QNIRRHUUOQAEPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(prop-2-enoylamino)butane-2-sulfonic acid Chemical class CCC(C)(S(O)(=O)=O)NC(=O)C=C QNIRRHUUOQAEPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbuta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical class CC(=C)C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 ROGIWVXWXZRRMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002319 Poly(methyl acrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001710 Polyorthoester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017343 Quebracho blanco Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000065615 Schinopsis balansae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006237 degradable polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- BXOUVIIITJXIKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;styrene Chemical group C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 BXOUVIIITJXIKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001308 poly(aminoacid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001485 poly(butyl acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000346 polystyrene-polyisoprene block-polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002455 scale inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000331 Polyhydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[bis(dimethylamino)phosphinimyl]-n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)P(=N)(N(C)C)N(C)C GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005015 poly(hydroxybutyrate) Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002745 poly(ortho ester) Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 37
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007849 furan resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007777 multifunctional material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- HDNHWROHHSBKJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;furan-2-ylmethanol Chemical compound O=C.OCC1=CC=CO1 HDNHWROHHSBKJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N limonene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1CCC(C)=CC1 XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 2
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound COCCOCCO SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUDYYMUUJHLCGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxypropoxy)propan-1-ol Chemical compound COC(C)COC(C)CO CUDYYMUUJHLCGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSUQLAYJZDEMOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(butoxymethyl)oxirane Chemical compound CCCCOCC1CO1 YSUQLAYJZDEMOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KUBDPQJOLOUJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)oxirane;4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound ClCC1CO1.C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KUBDPQJOLOUJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VATRWWPJWVCZTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-oxo-n-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]butanamide Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1C(F)(F)F VATRWWPJWVCZTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MRABAEUHTLLEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl lactate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)O MRABAEUHTLLEML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 1
- CKOYRRWBOKMNRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furfuryl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC1=CC=CO1 CKOYRRWBOKMNRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002732 Polyanhydride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003232 aliphatic polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000005600 alkyl phosphonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001191 butyl (2R)-2-hydroxypropanoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycidyl ether Chemical class C1OC1COCC1CO1 GYZLOYUZLJXAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002373 hemiacetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004572 hydraulic lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940087305 limonene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001510 limonene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- PHQOGHDTIVQXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNCCN PHQOGHDTIVQXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001490 poly(butyl methacrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002627 poly(phosphazenes) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000016804 zinc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/66—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/68—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/80—Compositions for reinforcing fractures, e.g. compositions of proppants used to keep the fractures open
- C09K8/805—Coated proppants
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
- E21B43/04—Gravelling of wells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
- C09K2208/30—Viscoelastic surfactants [VES]
Definitions
- the present invention involves methods of preparing coated particulates and using such coated particulates in subterranean applications such as production enhancement and sand control. More particularly, the present invention relates to methods of preparing particulates treated with an adhesive substance (such as a tackifying agent or curable resin) such that the particulates are able to resist sticking and clumping and need not be immediately used once they are prepared.
- an adhesive substance such as a tackifying agent or curable resin
- Subterranean operations often use particulates coated with an adhesive substance such as a tackifying agent or a curable resin.
- an adhesive substance such as a tackifying agent or a curable resin.
- One example of a production stimulation operation using such coated particulates is hydraulic fracturing, wherein a formation is treated to increase its permeability by hydraulically fracturing the formation to create or enhance one or more cracks or "fractures.”
- a hydraulic fracturing treatment involves pumping a proppant-free, viscous fluid (known as a pad fluid) into a subterranean formation faster than the fluid can escape into the formation so that the pressure in the formation rises and the formation breaks, creating an artificial fracture or enlarging a natural fracture.
- proppant particulates known in the art as proppant are placed into the fracture to prevent the fracture form closing when the pumping pressure is released.
- a portion of the proppant may be coated with an adhesive substance to control the migration of the proppant particulates and/or to control the migration of formation sands and fines.
- An example of a well completion operation using a treating fluid containing coated particulates is gravel packing.
- Gravel packing treatments are used, inter alia, to reduce the migration of unconsolidated formation particulates into the well bore.
- particulates known in the art as gravel are carried to a well bore by a hydrocarbon or water treatment fluid. That is, the particulates are suspended in a treatment fluid, which may be viscosif ⁇ ed, and the treatment fluid is pumped into a well bore in which the gravel pack is to be placed. The treatment fluid leaks off into the subterranean zone and/or is returned to the surface while the particulates are left in the zone.
- the resultant gravel pack acts as a filter to separate formation sands from produced fluids while permitting the produced fluids to flow into the well bore.
- a portion of the gravel may be coated with resin or tackifying agent, inter alia, to further help control the migration of formation fines.
- gravel pack operations involve placing a gravel pack screen in the well bore and packing the surrounding annulus between the sand control screen and the formation (or casing) with gravel designed to prevent the passage of formation sands through the pack.
- the sand control screen is generally a type of filter assembly used to support and retain the gravel placed during the gravel pack operation. A wide range of sizes and screen configurations are available to suit the characteristics of a particular well bore, the production fluid, and the subterranean formation sands.
- Such gravel packs may be used to stabilize a portion of a formation while causing minimal impairment to well productivity.
- the gravel is generally designed to prevent formation sands from occluding the screen or migrating with the produced fluids, and the screen is generally designed prevent the gravel from entering the well bore.
- the processes of hydraulic fracturing and gravel packing are combined into a single treatment to provide stimulated production and an annular gravel pack to reduce formation sand production.
- Such treatments are often referred to as "frac pack" operations.
- the treatments are completed with a gravel pack screen assembly in place, and the hydraulic fracturing treatment being pumped through the annular space between the casing and screen.
- the hydraulic fracturing treatment usually ends in a screen out condition creating an annular gravel pack between the screen and casing. This allows both the hydraulic fracturing treatment and gravel pack to be placed in a single operation.
- the present invention involves methods of preparing coated particulates and using such coated particulates in subterranean applications such as production enhancement and sand control. More particularly, the present invention relates to methods of preparing particulates treated with an adhesive substance (such as a tackifying agent or curable resin) such that the particulates are able to resist sticking and clumping and need not be immediately used once they are prepared.
- an adhesive substance such as a tackifying agent or curable resin
- One embodiment of the present invention provides methods of treating a portion of a subterranean formation comprising: providing partitioned, coated particulates that comprise particulates, an adhesive substance, and a partitioning agent, and wherein the adhesive substance comprises an aqueous tackifying agent or a silyl modified polyamide; substantially slurrying the partitioned, coated particulates in a treatment fluid to create a particulate slurry; and, placing the particulate slurry into the portion of the subterranean formation.
- Another embodiments of the present invention provides methods of creating a propped fracture in a portion of a subterranean formation comprising: providing at least one fracture in the portion of the subterranean formation; providing partitioned, coated particulates that comprise particulates, an adhesive substance, and a partitioning agent, and wherein the adhesive substance comprises an aqueous tackifying agent or a silyl modified polyamide; substantially slurrying the partitioned, coated particulates in a treatment fluid to create a particulate slurry; and, placing the particulate slurry into the at least one fracture in the portion of the subterranean formation so as to deposit at least a portion of the partitioned, coated particulates into the at least one fracture.
- Another embodiments of the present invention provides methods of gravel packing along a portion of a well bore comprising: providing a portion of a well bore; providing partitioned, coated particulates that comprise particulates, an adhesive substance, and a partitioning agent, and wherein the adhesive substance comprises an aqueous tackifying agent or a silyl modified polyamide; substantially slurrying the partitioned, coated particulates in a treatment fluid to create a particulate slurry; and, placing the particulate slurry into the portion of the well bore so as to deposit at least a portion of the partitioned, coated particulates into that portion and to create a gravel pack therein.
- the present invention involves methods of preparing coated particulates and using such coated particulates in subterranean applications such as production enhancement and sand control. More particularly, the present invention relates to methods of preparing particulates treated with an adhesive substance (such as a tackifying agent or curable resin) such that the particulates are able to resist sticking and clumping and need not be immediately used once they are prepared.
- an adhesive substance such as a tackifying agent or curable resin
- the methods of the present invention are capable of at least temporarily diminishing the "tackiness" of the treated particulates, thus preventing or minimizing the agglomeration of the particulates and the spreading of the adhesive substance onto equipment surfaces.
- the coating used to at least temporarily diminishing the "tackiness" of the treated particulates may also be a treatment chemical useful in the subterranean environment. Suitable partitioning agents dissolve, degrade, or otherwise are removed from the surface of the particulate at a desired time such that the tackiness and/or curing performance of the adhesive substance is substantially restored once the partitioning agent is substantially removed.
- the methods of the present invention are able to minimize the interaction of the adhesive substance with a treatment fluid or an equipment surface.
- the term "tacky,” in all of its forms, generally refers to a substance having a nature such that it is (or may be activated to become) somewhat sticky to the touch.
- Particulates coated with adhesive substances have a tendency to agglomerate and form masses of joined particulates rather than retaining their individual character.
- particulates are treated with an adhesive substance such as a tackifying agent and/or a curable resin and then the particulates are substantially coated with a partitioning agent to help the particulates retain their individual tacky or curable character.
- Some embodiments of the present invention describe methods of forming coated particulates that may be created and then stored and or shipped before use without excessive agglomeration even under temperature and stress loads commonly encountered by particulates such as proppant and gravel during handling and storage before use in a subterranean formation.
- the coated particulates may be created a few hours or several months before they are used.
- Particulates suitable for use in the present invention may be comprised of any material suitable for use in subterranean operations.
- suitable particulate materials include, but are not limited to, sand; bauxite; ceramic materials; glass materials; polymer materials; Teflon ® materials; nut shell pieces; seed shell pieces; cured resinous particulates comprising nut shell pieces; cured resinous particulates comprising seed shell pieces; fruit pit pieces; cured resinous particulates comprising fruit pit pieces; wood; composite particulates and combinations thereof.
- Composite particulates may also be suitable, suitable composite materials may comprise a binder and a filler material wherein suitable filler materials include silica, alumina, fumed carbon, carbon black, graphite, mica, titanium dioxide, meta-silicate, calcium silicate, kaolin, talc, zirconia, boron, fly ash, hollow glass microspheres, solid glass, and combinations thereof.
- suitable filler materials include silica, alumina, fumed carbon, carbon black, graphite, mica, titanium dioxide, meta-silicate, calcium silicate, kaolin, talc, zirconia, boron, fly ash, hollow glass microspheres, solid glass, and combinations thereof.
- the particulate used may be a low quality particulate.
- the use of low-quality particulates may be particularly well suited for embodiments in which the particulates are to be coated with a tackifying agent or a curable resin. This is due, at least in part, to the fact that a coating of tackifying agent or resin may act to improve the performance of the low quality particulates.
- low-quality particulates refers to particulates that do not meet at least one of the standards for sphericity, roundness, size, turbidity, acid solubility, percentage of fines, or crush resistance as recited in American Petroleum Institute Recommended Practices (API RP) standard numbers 56 and 58 for proppant and gravel respectively.
- API RP American Petroleum Institute Recommended Practices
- the API RP' s describe the minimum standard for sphericity as at least 0.6 and for roundness as at least 0.6.
- the terms "sphericity” and “roundness” are defined as described in the API RP's and can be determined using the procedures set forth in the API RP's.
- API RP 56 also sets forth some commonly recognized proppant sizes as 6/12, 8/16, 12/20, 20/40, 30/50, 40/70, and 70/140.
- API RP 58 also sets forth some commonly recognized gravel sizes as 8/16, 12/20, 16/30, 20/40, 30/50, and 40/60.
- the API RP's further note that a minimum percentage of particulates that should fall between designated sand sizes, noting that not more than 0.1 weight % of the particulates should be larger than the larger sand size and not more than a maximum percentage (1 weight % in API RP 56 and 2 weight % in API RP 58) should be smaller than the small sand size.
- no more than 0.1 weight % should be larger than 20 U.S. Mesh and no more than 1 weight % smaller than 40 U.S. Mesh.
- API RP's 56 and 58 describe the minimum standard for proppant and gravel turbidity as 250 FTU or less.
- API RP 56 describes the minimum standard for acid solubility of proppant as no more than 2 weight % loss when tested according to API RP 56 procedures for proppant sized between 6/12 Mesh and 30/50 Mesh, U.S. Sieve Series and as no more than 3 weight % loss when tested according to API RP 56 procedures for proppant sized between 40/70 Mesh and 70/140 Mesh, U.S. Sieve Series.
- API RP 58 describes the minimum standard for acid solubility of gravel as no more than 1 weight % loss when tested according to API RP 58 procedures.
- API RP 56 describes the minimum standard for crush resistance of proppant as producing not more than the suggested maximum fines as set forth in Table 1, below, for the size being tested:
- API RP 58 describes the minimum standard for crush resistance of gravel as producing not more than the suggested maximum fines as set forth in Table 1, below, for the size being tested:
- Resins suitable for use as an adhesive substance of the present invention include all resins known in the art that are capable of forming a hardened, consolidated mass. Many such resins are commonly used in subterranean operations, and some suitable resins include two component epoxy based resins, novolak resins, polyepoxide resins, phenol-aldehyde resins, urea-aldehyde resins, urethane resins, phenolic resins, furan resins, furan/furfuryl alcohol resins, phenolic/latex resins, phenol formaldehyde resins, polyester resins and hybrids and copolymers thereof, polyurethane resins and hybrids and copolymers thereof, acrylate resins, and mixtures thereof.
- suitable resins such as epoxy resins
- suitable resins such as furan resins generally require a time-delayed catalyst or an external catalyst to help activate the polymerization of the resins if the cure temperature is low (Le., less than 250 0 F), but will cure under the effect of time and temperature if the formation temperature is above about 25O 0 F, preferably above about 300 0 F.
- selection of a suitable resin may be affected by the temperature of the subterranean formation to which the fluid will be introduced.
- a furan- based resin may be preferred for subterranean formations having a BHST ranging from about 300 0 F to about 600 0 F.
- a furan- based resin may be preferred for subterranean formations having a BHST ranging from about 200 0 F to about 400 0 F.
- either a phenolic-based resin or a one-component HT epoxy- based resin may be suitable for subterranean formations having a BHST of at least about 175 0 F 5 a phenol/phenol formaldehyde/furfuryl alcohol resin may also be suitable. It is within the ability of one skilled in the art, with the benefit of this disclosure, to select a suitable resin for use in embodiments of the present invention and to determine whether a catalyst is required to trigger curing.
- One resin coating material suitable for use in the proppant compositions of the present invention is a two-component epoxy based resin comprising a hardenable resin component and a hardening agent component.
- the hardenable resin component is comprised of a hardenable resin and an optional solvent.
- the second component is the liquid hardening agent component, which is comprised of a hardening agent, a silane coupling agent, a surfactant, an optional hydrolyzable ester for, inter alia, breaking gelled fracturing fluid films on the proppant particles, and an optional liquid carrier fluid for, inter alia, reducing the viscosity of the liquid hardening agent component. It is within the ability of one skilled in the art with the benefit of this disclosure to determine if and how much liquid carrier fluid is needed to achieve a viscosity suitable to the subterranean conditions.
- suitable furan-based resins include, but are not limited to, furfuryl alcohol, a mixture furfuryl alcohol with an aldehyde, and a mixture of furan resin and phenolic resin.
- suitable phenolic-based resins include, but are not limited to, terpolymers of phenol, phenolic formaldehyde resins, and a mixture of phenolic and furan resins. Of these, a mixture of phenolic and furan resins is preferred.
- the resin coating material of the present invention is a HT epoxy-based resin
- suitable HT epoxy-based components included, but are not limited to, bisphenol A- epichlorohydrin resin, polyepoxide resin, novolac resin, polyester resin, glycidyl ethers and mixtures thereof.
- Yet another resin suitable for use in the methods of the present invention is a phenol/phenol formaldehyde/furfuryl alcohol resin comprising from about 5% to about 30% phenol, from about 40% to about 70% phenol formaldehyde, from about 10 to about 40% furfuryl alcohol, from about 0.1% to about 3% of a silane coupling agent, and from about 1% to about 15% of a surfactant.
- suitable silane coupling agents include, but are not limited to, n-2-(aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3- glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and n-beta-(aminoethyl)-gamma-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane.
- Suitable surfactants include, but are not limited to, an ethoxylated nonyl phenol phosphate ester, mixtures of one or more cationic surfactants and one or more non- ionic surfactants, and an alkyl phosphonate surfactant.
- Tackifying agents suitable for use as an adhesive substance in the present invention include non-aqueous tackifying agents, aqueous tackifying agents, and silyl-modified polyamides.
- tackifying agent suitable for use in the present invention is a non-aqueous tackifying agent.
- a particularly preferred group of non-aqueous tackifying agents comprise polyamides that are liquids or in solution at the temperature of the subterranean formation such that they are, by themselves, non-hardening when introduced into the subterranean formation.
- a particularly preferred product is a condensation reaction product comprised of a polyacid and a polyamine.
- condensation reaction products include compounds such as mixtures of C 36 dibasic acids containing some trimer and higher oligomers and also small amounts of monomer acids that are reacted with polyamines.
- Other polyacids include trimer acids, synthetic acids produced from fatty acids, maleic anhydride, acrylic acid, and the like.
- Such acid compounds are commercially available from companies such as Witco Corporation, Union Camp, Chemtall, and Emery Industries.
- the reaction products are available from, for example, Champion Technologies, Inc. and Witco Corporation.
- Additional compounds which may be used as non-aqueous tackifying compounds include liquids and solutions of, for example, polyesters, polycarbonates and polycarbamates, natural resins such as shellac and the like.
- Other suitable non-aqueous tackifying agents are described in U.S. Patent Number 5,853,048 issued to Weaver, et al and U.S. Patent Number 5,833,000 issued to Weaver, et al, the relevant disclosures of which are herein incorporated by reference.
- Non-aqueous tackifying agents suitable for use in the present invention may be either used such that they form non-hardening coating or they may be combined with a multifunctional material capable of reacting with the non-aqueous tackifying agent to form a hardened coating.
- a "hardened coating” as used herein means that the reaction of the tackifying compound with the multifunctional material will result in a substantially non- flowable reaction product that exhibits a higher compressive strength in a consolidated agglomerate than the tackifying compound alone with the particulates.
- the non-aqueous tackifying agent may function similarly to a hardenable resin.
- Multifunctional materials suitable for use in the present invention include, but are not limited to, aldehydes such as formaldehyde, dialdehydes such as glutaraldehyde, hemiacetals or aldehyde releasing compounds, diacid halides, dihalides such as dichlorides and dibromides, polyacid anhydrides such as citric acid, epoxides, furfuraldehyde, glutaraldehyde or aldehyde condensates and the like, and combinations thereof.
- the multifunctional material may be mixed with the tackifying compound in an amount of from about 0.01 to about 50 percent by weight of the tackifying compound to effect formation of the reaction product.
- the compound is present in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 1 percent by weight of the tackifying compound.
- Solvents suitable for use with the non-aqueous tackifying agents of the present invention include any solvent that is compatible with the non-aqueous tackifying agent and achieves the desired viscosity effect.
- solvents suitable for use in the present invention include, but are not limited to, butylglycidyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, butyl bottom alcohol, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethyleneglycol methyl ether, ethyleneglycol butyl ether, methanol, butyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, diethyleneglycol butyl ether, propylene carbonate, d'limonene, 2-butoxy ethanol, butyl acetate, furfuryl acetate, butyl lactate, fatty acid methyl esters, and combinations thereof. It is within the ability of one skilled in the art, with the benefit of this disclosure, to determine whether a solvent is needed to achieve a viscosity suitable to the subterranean conditions
- Aqueous tackifyier agents suitable for use in the present invention are not significantly tacky when placed onto a particulate, but are capable of being "activated” (that is destabilized, coalesced and/or reacted) to transform the compound into a sticky, tackifying compound at a desirable time. Such activation may occur before, during, or after the aqueous tackifyier agent is placed in the subterranean formation.
- a pretreatment may be first contacted with the surface of a particulate to prepare it to be coated with an aqueous tackifyier agent.
- Suitable aqueous tackifying agents are generally charged polymers that comprise compounds that, when in an aqueous solvent or solution, will form a non-hardening coating (by itself or with an activator) and, when placed on a particulate, will increase the continuous critical resuspension velocity of the particulate when contacted by a stream of water.
- the aqueous tackifyier agent may enhance the grain-to-grain contact between the individual particulates within the formation (be they proppant particulates, formation fines, or other particulates), helping bring about the consolidation of the particulates into a cohesive, flexible, and permeable mass.
- aqueous tackifyier agents suitable for use in the present invention include, but are not limited to, acrylic acid polymers, acrylic acid ester polymers, acrylic acid derivative polymers, acrylic acid homopolymers, acrylic acid ester homopolymers (such as poly(methyl acrylate), poly (butyl acrylate), and poly(2-ethylhexyl acrylate)), acrylic acid ester co-polymers, methacrylic acid derivative polymers, methacrylic acid homopolymers, methacrylic acid ester homopolymers (such as poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(butyl methacrylate), and poly(2-ethylhexyl methacryate)), acrylamido-methyl-propane sulfonate polymers, acrylamido-methyl-propane sulfonate derivative polymers, acrylamido-methyl- propane sulfonate co-polymers, and acrylic acid/acrylamido-methyl-propane s
- Silyl-modified polyamide compounds suitable for use as an adhesive substance in the methods of the present invention may be described as substantially self-hardening compositions that are capable of at least partially adhering to particulates in the unhardened state, and that are further capable of self-hardening themselves to a substantially non-tacky state to which individual particulates such as formation fines will not adhere to, for example, in formation or proppant pack pore throats.
- Such silyl-modif ⁇ ed polyamides may be based, for example, on the reaction product of a silating compound with a polyamide or a mixture of polyamides.
- the polyamide or mixture of polyamides may be one or more polyamide intermediate compounds obtained, for example, from the reaction of a polyacid (e.g., diacid or higher) with a polyamine (e.g., diamine or higher) to form a polyamide polymer with the elimination of water.
- a polyacid e.g., diacid or higher
- a polyamine e.g., diamine or higher
- suitable silyl-modified polyamides and methods of making such compounds are described in U.S. Patent Number 6,439,309 issued to Matherly, et al, the relevant disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference.
- the coated particulates of the present invention may be suspended in any treatment fluid known in the art, including aqueous gels, viscoelastic surfactant gels, oleaginous gels, foamed gels and emulsions.
- aqueous gels are generally comprised of water and one or more gelling agents.
- the emulsions may be comprised of two or more immiscible liquids such as an aqueous gelled liquid and a liquefied, normally gaseous fluid, such as nitrogen.
- the preferred treatment fluids for use in accordance with this invention are aqueous gels comprised of water, a gelling agent for gelling the water and increasing its viscosity, and optionally, a cross-linking agent for cross-linking the gel and further increasing the viscosity of the fluid.
- the increased viscosity of the gelled or gelled and cross-linked treatment fluid inter alia, reduces fluid loss and allows the fracturing fluid to transport significant quantities of suspended particulates.
- the treatment fluids also may include one or more of a variety of well-known additives such as breakers, stabilizers, fluid loss control additives, clay stabilizers, bactericides, and the like.
- Partitioning agents suitable for use in the present invention are those substances that will dissipate once the particulates are introduced to a treatment fluid, such as a fracturing or gravel packing fluid. Partitioning agents suitable for use in the present invention should not detrimentally interfere with the adhesive substance on the particulate, and should not detrimentally interfere with the treatment fluid or the subterranean operation being performed. This does not mean that the chosen partitioning agent must be inert. Rather, in some embodiments of the present invention the partitioning agent is also a treatment chemical that has a beneficial effect on the subterranean environment, or the operation, or both. In preferred embodiments, the partitioning agent is coated onto the adhesive substance- coated particulate in an amount of from about 1% to about 20% by weight of the coated particulate. In preferred embodiments, the substantially the entire surface of the adhesive substance coating is coated with partitioning agent.
- Partitioning agents suitable for use in the present invention are those materials that are capable of coating onto the adhesive substance pre-coating on the particulate and reducing its tacky character. Suitable partitioning agents may be substances that will quickly dissipate in the presence of the treatment fluid.
- solid salts such as rock salt, fine salt, KCl, and other solid salts known in the art
- barium sulfate such as rock salt, fine salt, KCl, and other solid salts known in the art
- barium sulfate such as rock salt, fine salt, KCl, and other solid salts known in the
- lime calcium carbonate
- the partitioning agent also may be a substance that dissipates more slowly in the presence of the treatment fluid. Partitioning agents that dissolve more slowly may allow the operator more time to place the coated particulates.
- degradable polymers such as polysaccharides; chitins; chitosans; proteins; aliphatic polyesters; poly(lactides); poly(glycolides); poly( ⁇ -caprolactones); poly(hydroxybutyrates); poly(anhydrides); aliphatic polycarbonates; poly(orthoesters); poly(amino acids); poly(ethylene oxides); and poly(phosphazenes); and mixtures thereof
- treatment fluid is an oleaginous treatment fluid
- suitable partitioning agents that will dissolve in an oleaginous treatment fluid include wax, gilsonite, sulfonated asphalt, naphthalenesulfonate, oil soluble resins, and combinations thereof.
- suitable oil soluble resins include, but are not limited to, styrene-isoprene copolymers, hydrogenated styrene-isoprene block copolymers, styrene ethylene/propylene block copolymers, styrene isobutylene copolymers, styrene-butadiene copolymers, polybutylene, polystyrene, polyethylene-propylene copolymers, and combinations thereof.
- the chosen partitioning agent should be able to at least temporarily reduce the tacky nature of the adhesive substance coated onto the particulate, but it may also perform other functions.
- some embodiments of the present invention coat a particulate with a resin and then use a partitioning agent that is a resin hardening agent.
- the partitioning agent may act as a scale inhibitor, corrosion inhibitor, parrafin remover, gel breaker, crosslink de-linker, gas hydrate inhibitor, or any other solid treatment chemical that can be coated on top of an adhesive substance to at least temporarily reduce its tacky nature.
- the adhesive substance and partitioning agent may be coated onto a particulate in layers.
- a particulate may be coated with an adhesive substance and then coated with a partitioning agent and then coated again with an adhesive substance and then coated again with a partitioning agent.
- the first and second coatings of the adhesive substance need not be the same and the first and second coatings of the partitioning agent need not be the same.
- more than two layers of adhesive substances and partitioning agents may be used. This may be particularly useful in situations wherein it is desirable to delay the release of a partitioning agent that also acts as a treatment chemical.
- a first (inner) layer of partitioning agent may be a treatment chemical that is a gel breaker and a second layer of partitioning agent may be an inert, slowly dissolving partitioning agent.
- the first (inner) layer of partitioning agent may be a crosslinker, with a second layer of partitioning agent being a slowly dissolving partitioning agent.
- the first (inner) layer of partitioning agent may be a hardenable resin component, with a second layer being an inert dissolving agent, and a third layer being a hardening agent component.
- Some embodiments of the methods of the present invention provide methods for treating subterranean formations using partitioned, coated particulates wherein the coated particulates are made by substantially coating particulates with an adhesive substance to create adhesive-coated particulates and then substantially covering the adhesive-coated particulates with a partitioning agent to create partitioned, coated particulates.
- Suitable partitioned, coated particulates may be used in a variety of subterranean treatments including fracturing, gravel packing, and frac-packing treatments wherein the partitioned, coated particulates are generally substantially slurried into a treatment fluid to create a partitioned, coated particulate slurry that may then be placed into a desired location within a portion of a subterranean formation.
- fracturing, gravel packing, and frac-packing treatments wherein the partitioned, coated particulates are generally substantially slurried into a treatment fluid to create a partitioned, coated particulate slurry that may then be placed into a desired location within a portion of a subterranean formation.
- a sample of bauxite particulates was pre-coated with a high temperature epoxy resin and another sample was pre-coated with a furan resin; each sample contained 7.8 cc of resin per 250 grams of particulate.
- Sodium bicarbonate powder (20 grams) was then covered onto each of the resin coated samples to form coated particulates.
- the samples of particulates were stored at room temperature for three days. After that time the samples, still substantially non-agglomerated, were mixed in an aqueous-based fracturing fluid and formed a slurry concentration of 7 pounds of particulates per gallon of fracturing fluid.
- the sodium bicarbonate covering dissolved as the particulates were mixed into the fracturing fluid.
- the coated particulates of the present invention proved capable of retaining their individual character even after being stored for a period of time.
- Example 2 The slurry was then crosslinked, stirred for an hour at 180 0 F, and then packed into a brass chamber and cured for at least 8 hours at 325°F. Core samples obtained from the cured particulates reflected consolidation strength of between 850 and 1,100 psi. Thus, the covering used to create the coated particulates did not act to impair consolidation.
- Example 2
- High-molecular weight polyamide tackifying compound in the amount of 3 cc was dry coated directly onto 300 grams of 20/40-mesh Brady sand by hand stirring with a spatula to form a thin film of the compound on the sand grains. Afterward, 20 grams of KCl powder with average particle size distribution of 40 microns was hand stirred into the coated sand until the coated sand became dry. A sample of this dry coated sand was then mixed with water. The tackiness immediately returned to the coated sand.
- Low-molecular weight polyamide tackifying compound in the amount of 3 cc was dry coated directly onto 300 grams of 20/40-mesh Brady sand by hand stirring with a spatula to form a thin film of the compound on the sand grains. Afterward, 20 grams of KCl powder with average particle size distribution of 40 microns was hand stirred into the coated sand until the coated sand became dry. A sample of this dry coated sand was then mixed with water. The coated sand immediately became tacky again.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne des procédés de traitement d'une partie de formation souterraine consistant à : fournir des particules enrobées partitionnées qui comprennent des particules, une substance adhésive et un agent de partitionnement, et où la substance adhésive comprend un agent aqueux donnant du collant ou un polyamide modifié de silyle ; le procédé consiste à mettre sensiblement en suspension les particules enrobées partitionnées dans un fluide de traitement pour créer une boue de particules et à placer la boue de particules dans la partie de formation souterraine.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/072,355 | 2005-03-04 | ||
US11/072,669 | 2005-03-04 | ||
US11/072,355 US7261156B2 (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2005-03-04 | Methods using particulates coated with treatment chemical partitioning agents |
US11/072,669 US7264051B2 (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2005-03-04 | Methods of using partitioned, coated particulates |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006092586A1 true WO2006092586A1 (fr) | 2006-09-08 |
Family
ID=36693038
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GB2006/000717 WO2006092586A1 (fr) | 2005-03-04 | 2006-03-01 | Procedes d'utilisation de particules enrobees partitionnees |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AR (1) | AR054009A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2006092586A1 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010142945A1 (fr) * | 2009-06-09 | 2010-12-16 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc | Matières particulaires préenrobées d'agent collant |
CN105478057A (zh) * | 2014-09-18 | 2016-04-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种滚球锅及其制备方法以及在催化剂成型中的应用 |
CN107674216A (zh) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-09 | 浙江瀚镪自动化设备股份有限公司 | 一种抗结团树脂粉末的制备方法 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4233365A (en) * | 1979-04-06 | 1980-11-11 | Copolymer Rubber & Chemical Corp. | Free flowing particles of elastomeric material and method |
US4694905A (en) * | 1986-05-23 | 1987-09-22 | Acme Resin Corporation | Precured coated particulate material |
US5582249A (en) * | 1995-08-02 | 1996-12-10 | Halliburton Company | Control of particulate flowback in subterranean wells |
US6439309B1 (en) * | 2000-12-13 | 2002-08-27 | Bj Services Company | Compositions and methods for controlling particulate movement in wellbores and subterranean formations |
US20050194137A1 (en) * | 2004-03-05 | 2005-09-08 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Methods of using partitioned, coated particulates |
-
2006
- 2006-03-01 WO PCT/GB2006/000717 patent/WO2006092586A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-03-03 AR ARP060100825A patent/AR054009A1/es active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4233365A (en) * | 1979-04-06 | 1980-11-11 | Copolymer Rubber & Chemical Corp. | Free flowing particles of elastomeric material and method |
US4694905A (en) * | 1986-05-23 | 1987-09-22 | Acme Resin Corporation | Precured coated particulate material |
US5582249A (en) * | 1995-08-02 | 1996-12-10 | Halliburton Company | Control of particulate flowback in subterranean wells |
US6439309B1 (en) * | 2000-12-13 | 2002-08-27 | Bj Services Company | Compositions and methods for controlling particulate movement in wellbores and subterranean formations |
US20050194137A1 (en) * | 2004-03-05 | 2005-09-08 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Methods of using partitioned, coated particulates |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010142945A1 (fr) * | 2009-06-09 | 2010-12-16 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc | Matières particulaires préenrobées d'agent collant |
CN102459503A (zh) * | 2009-06-09 | 2012-05-16 | 哈里伯顿能源服务公司 | 增粘剂预涂覆的颗粒 |
US8579028B2 (en) | 2009-06-09 | 2013-11-12 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Tackifying agent pre-coated particulates |
CN105478057A (zh) * | 2014-09-18 | 2016-04-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种滚球锅及其制备方法以及在催化剂成型中的应用 |
CN105478057B (zh) * | 2014-09-18 | 2019-01-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种滚球锅及其制备方法以及在催化剂成型中的应用 |
CN107674216A (zh) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-09 | 浙江瀚镪自动化设备股份有限公司 | 一种抗结团树脂粉末的制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AR054009A1 (es) | 2007-05-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7261156B2 (en) | Methods using particulates coated with treatment chemical partitioning agents | |
US8136595B2 (en) | Methods for controlling particulate flowback and migration in a subterranean formation | |
US8136593B2 (en) | Methods for maintaining conductivity of proppant pack | |
US7334636B2 (en) | Methods of creating high-porosity propped fractures using reticulated foam | |
US7063150B2 (en) | Methods for preparing slurries of coated particulates | |
US7325608B2 (en) | Methods of hydraulic fracturing and of propping fractures in subterranean formations | |
US8579028B2 (en) | Tackifying agent pre-coated particulates | |
AU2005313226B2 (en) | Low-quality particulates and methods of making and using improved low-quality particulates | |
US8881813B2 (en) | Methods of forming high-porosity fractures in weakly consolidated or unconsolidated formations | |
WO2006032833A1 (fr) | Procédés pour améliorer la perméabilité de la garniture de soutènement et la conductivité des fractures dans un puits souterrain | |
CA2972613C (fr) | Resines polyamide pour l'enrobage d'agents de soutenement a base de sable ou de ceramique utilises dans la fracturation hydraulique | |
WO2005080749A2 (fr) | Compositions de resine et procedes d'utilisation de compositions de resine pour reguler le reflux d'agents de soutenement | |
WO2007104911A1 (fr) | Procedes ameliores d'enduction de particules | |
ZA200610277B (en) | Aqueous-based tackifier fluids and methods of use | |
WO2006059056A1 (fr) | Procedes de stimulation d'une formation souterraine comprenant plusieurs intervalles de production | |
US8167042B2 (en) | Method of forming self-diverting high-rate water packs | |
WO2006092586A1 (fr) | Procedes d'utilisation de particules enrobees partitionnees | |
CA3021291C (fr) | Amelioration de la conductivite de fractures etayees dans des puits souterrains | |
MXPA06010065A (en) | Methods of preparingand using coated particulates |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: RU |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Country of ref document: RU |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 06709941 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: 6709941 Country of ref document: EP |