WO2006091125A1 - Multi-storey building heating system - Google Patents

Multi-storey building heating system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006091125A1
WO2006091125A1 PCT/RU2006/000076 RU2006000076W WO2006091125A1 WO 2006091125 A1 WO2006091125 A1 WO 2006091125A1 RU 2006000076 W RU2006000076 W RU 2006000076W WO 2006091125 A1 WO2006091125 A1 WO 2006091125A1
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Prior art keywords
supply
heating
risers
heating elements
return
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PCT/RU2006/000076
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French (fr)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Valentin Sergeevich Breus
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Valentin Sergeevich Breus
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Publication of WO2006091125A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006091125A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D10/00—District heating systems
    • F24D10/006—Direct domestic delivery stations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/02—Hot-water central heating systems with forced circulation, e.g. by pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/17—District heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of thermal energy for heating buildings, in particular, to single-pipe systems with forced circulation of the coolant.
  • heating systems of a multi-storey building including the supply and return lines, the supply and return risers communicated with them, respectively, and heating elements located in the premises of the multi-storey building; heating elements are interconnected in series and are installed in the supply risers when supplying hot coolant from below, or in reverse risers when supplying hot coolant from above, E. H. Bukharin and others.
  • Engineering networks Equipment for buildings and structures, M., 2001, pp. 316-317, 327-330.
  • the hot coolant from the supply the main enters the supply risers, passes sequentially through all the heating elements connected to them, where it cools down, and is discharged along the return risers to the return main.
  • the hot coolant from the supply line first flows into the supply risers, then to the return risers, passes sequentially through the heating elements connected to them, where it cools and is discharged to the return line.
  • the coolant constantly circulates in the heating system, heating the premises by heat transfer of the heating elements.
  • Such single-tube heating systems are widely used due to the ease of installation and operation.
  • the disadvantage of this system is the uneven heating of the rooms by floors, since with a sequential connection of the heating elements, the temperature of the coolant decreases as it moves away from the supply line. The temperature difference between the upper and lower floors of the building will be the higher, the more floors in the building. An attempt to ensure sanitary standards for heat in all rooms leads to an excessive consumption of thermal energy. Much more often in rooms whose heating elements are removed from the supply lines, a low temperature is steadily maintained.
  • the disadvantage of the system is its complexity, which means high cost, and low reliability and maintainability.
  • the present invention is based on the solution of the problem of reducing energy consumption for heating and creating more comfortable conditions in the premises of the building, due to the equalization of air temperature by floors in a multi-storey building.
  • the object acquires a very important new property, which consists in the fact that the air temperature is equalized between floors due to the fact that approximately the same amount of thermal energy is supplied to each floor.
  • the applicant has not found any sources of information containing information about the impact of the claimed distinctive features on the technical result achieved as a result of their implementation. This, according to the applicant, indicates the conformity of this technical solution to the criterion of "Inventive Level" (IS).
  • the invention is illustrated in the drawing, which schematically shows the heating system of a multi-storey building The best embodiment of the invention
  • the heating system of a multi-storey building includes a supply line I and a return line 2, the supply 3 and return 4 risers communicated with them, respectively.
  • the heating elements 6 located in rooms 5 are connected to the risers 3 and 4. Some of the heating elements 6 are connected only to the supply risers 3, and the rest are connected only to the return risers 4.
  • the supply 3 and return 4 risers, to which the heating elements 6 are connected alternate as along the length and width of the building.
  • Such a system is proposed to be called mixed.
  • the proposed mixed heating system operates as follows.
  • the coolant passes successively through all the heating elements 6 included in the system.
  • the heating element 6, which is closest to the supply line 1, and therefore the room 5 where it is located will have the maximum temperature.
  • the room 5 of the first floor when you turn them on the return riser 4 - this is the room 5 of the last floor.
  • each room with lower air temperature will be surrounded by two or even three rooms with a higher air temperature, similarly, a room with a higher temperature is surrounded by rooms with a lower temperature.
  • the temperature difference between the neighboring rooms reaches a maximum on the first and last floors of the building. Due to the heat transfer through the walls of neighboring rooms, the air temperatures are equalized between them. Convective heat exchange also contributes to this, if neighboring rooms communicate with each other.
  • Equalization of air temperature between floors occurs due to the fact that approximately the same amount of thermal energy is supplied to each floor.
  • the mixed system allows you to achieve almost the same air temperature on all floors of the building, since the room has the same number of risers with different connection patterns of heating elements.
  • a mixed heating system In multi-room apartments, a mixed heating system has another advantage. In a warmer room, for example, a children's room or bedroom can be placed, and in a cooler room, a living room.
  • a significant advantage of the proposed mixed heating system is that reducing energy costs for heating and creating more comfortable conditions in all rooms of the building is achieved not by introducing additional new elements into the system, but by changing the relative position of existing elements. Thanks to this, the mixed system can be successfully applied in all versions of single-pipe systems and not only in newly constructed buildings, but also, which is especially important, in buildings in operation, by insignificant and inexpensive modification of the heating systems used in them.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of heat energy for heating buildings, in particular to single main systems provided with a forced heat-carrier circulation. The inventive system for heating a multi-storey building comprises supply and return ducts, supply and return risers connected thereto, respectively, and heating elements located in the multi-storey building rooms, wherein a part of said heating elements is connected to the supply risers, the remaining heating elements are connected only to the return risers and the supply and return risers, to which the heating elements are connected, are alternately arranged along the building length and width. Said invention makes it possible to reduce the energy consumption for heating and to provide more comfortable conditions in the building rooms due to the air temperature equalisation through the storeys of a multi-storey building.

Description

Система отопления многоэтажного здания Multi-storey building heating system
Область техникиTechnical field
Изобретение относится к использованию тепловой энергии для отопления зданий, в частности, к однотрубным системам с принудительной циркуляцией теплоносителя.The invention relates to the use of thermal energy for heating buildings, in particular, to single-pipe systems with forced circulation of the coolant.
Предшествующий уровень техникиState of the art
Известны системы отопления многоэтажного здания, включающие подающую и обратную магистрали, сообщенные с ними соответственно подающие и обратные стояки, и размещенные в помещениях многоэтажного здания нагревательные элементы; нагревательные элементы соединены между собой последовательно и установлены в подающих стояках при подаче горячего теплоносителя снизу, или в обратных стояках, при подаче горячего теплоносителя сверху, E. H. Бухарин и др. Инженерные сети. Оборудование зданий и сооружений, M., 2001 , стр. 316-317, 327-330.Known heating systems of a multi-storey building, including the supply and return lines, the supply and return risers communicated with them, respectively, and heating elements located in the premises of the multi-storey building; heating elements are interconnected in series and are installed in the supply risers when supplying hot coolant from below, or in reverse risers when supplying hot coolant from above, E. H. Bukharin and others. Engineering networks. Equipment for buildings and structures, M., 2001, pp. 316-317, 327-330.
В случае установки нагревательных элементов в подающих стояках горячий теплоноситель из подающей магистрали поступает в подающие стояки, проходит последовательно через все подсоединенные к ним нагревательные элементы, где остывает, и по обратным стоякам отводится в обратную магистраль. В случае установки нагревательных элементов в обратных стояках горячий теплоноситель из подающей магистрали поступает сначала в подающие стояки, затем в обратные стояки, проходит последовательно через подсоединенные к ним нагревательные элементы, где остывает и отводится в обратную магистраль. Таким образом теплоноситель постоянно циркулирует в системе отопления, обогревая помещения путем теплоотдачи нагревательных элементов. Подобные однотрубные системы отопления находят широкое применение благодаря простоте монтажа и эксплуатации.In the case of installing heating elements in the supply risers, the hot coolant from the supply the main enters the supply risers, passes sequentially through all the heating elements connected to them, where it cools down, and is discharged along the return risers to the return main. In the case of installing heating elements in the return risers, the hot coolant from the supply line first flows into the supply risers, then to the return risers, passes sequentially through the heating elements connected to them, where it cools and is discharged to the return line. Thus, the coolant constantly circulates in the heating system, heating the premises by heat transfer of the heating elements. Such single-tube heating systems are widely used due to the ease of installation and operation.
Недостатком такой системы является неравномерность нагрева помещений по этажам, так как при последовательном соединении нагревательных элементов температура теплоносителя снижается по мере удаления его от подающей магистрали. Разность температур между верхним и нижним этажами здания будет тем выше, чем больше этажей в здании. Попытка обеспечить санитарные нормы по теплу во всех помещениях приводит к перерасходу тепловой энергии. Гораздо чаще в помещениях, нагревательные элементы которых удалены от подающих магистралей, устойчиво поддерживается заниженная температура.The disadvantage of this system is the uneven heating of the rooms by floors, since with a sequential connection of the heating elements, the temperature of the coolant decreases as it moves away from the supply line. The temperature difference between the upper and lower floors of the building will be the higher, the more floors in the building. An attempt to ensure sanitary standards for heat in all rooms leads to an excessive consumption of thermal energy. Much more often in rooms whose heating elements are removed from the supply lines, a low temperature is steadily maintained.
Предпринимались попытки устранить этот недостаток, например, в системе, описанной в патенте RU, C1 , 2154239. Для этого система дополнительно содержит элементы, позволяющие периодически изменять направление движения теплоносителя на противоположное. Этим достигается выравнивание температура воздуха по этажам.Attempts have been made to eliminate this shortcoming, for example, in the system described in patent RU, C1, 2154239. For this, the system additionally contains elements that allow to periodically change the direction of movement of the coolant to the opposite. This achieves equalization of air temperature by floors.
Недостатком системы является ее сложность, а значит, высокая стоимость, и низкая надежность и ремонтопригодность.The disadvantage of the system is its complexity, which means high cost, and low reliability and maintainability.
Система, описанная в книге E. H. Бухарин и др. Инженерные сети. Оборудование зданий и сооружений, M.,The system described in the book E. H. Bukharin et al. Engineering networks. Equipment for buildings and structures, M.,
2001 , стр. 316-317, 327-330, принята за прототип настоящего изобретения, поскольку она содержит наибольшее количество общих существенных признаков.2001, pp. 316-317, 327-330, adopted as a prototype of the present invention, because it contains the greatest number of common essential features.
Раскрытие изобретенияDisclosure of invention
В основу настоящего изобретения положено решение задачи снижения энергозатрат на отопление и создание более комфортных условий в помещениях здания, благодаря выравниванию температуры воздуха по этажам в многоэтажном здании.The present invention is based on the solution of the problem of reducing energy consumption for heating and creating more comfortable conditions in the premises of the building, due to the equalization of air temperature by floors in a multi-storey building.
Эта задача решается за счет того, что в системе отопления многоэтажного здания, включающей подающую и обратную магистрали, сообщенные с ними соответственно подающие и обратные стояки, а также размешенные в помещениях многоэтажного здания нагревательные элементы, согласно изобретению, часть нагревательных элементов соединена только с подающими стояками, а остальные - только с обратными стояками, причем подающие и обратные стояки, к которым подключены нагревательные элементы, чередуются как по длине, так и по ширине здания. Заявителем не выявлены источники, содержащие информацию о технических решениях, идентичных настоящему изобретению, что позволяет сделать вывод о его соответствии критерию «нoвизнa» (N).This problem is solved due to the fact that in the heating system of a multi-storey building, including the supply and return pipes, the supply and return risers communicated with them, as well as the heating elements mixed in the premises of the multi-storey building, according to the invention, a part of the heating elements It is connected only to the supply risers, and the rest - only to the return risers, and the supply and return risers, to which the heating elements are connected, alternate both in length and in width of the building. The applicant has not identified sources containing information on technical solutions identical to the present invention, which allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "novelty" (N).
Благодаря реализации отличительных признаков изобретения объект приобретает весьма важное новое свойство, которое состоит в том, что происходит выравнивание температуры воздуха между этажами за счет того, что, на каждый этаж поступает примерно одинаковое количество тепловой энергии. Заявителем не обнаружены какие-либо источники информации, содержащие сведения о влиянии заявленных отличительных признаков на достигаемый вследствие их реализации технический результат. Это, по мнению заявителя, свидетельствует о соответствии данного технического решения критерию «изoбpeтaтeльcкий ypoвeнь» (IS).Due to the implementation of the distinguishing features of the invention, the object acquires a very important new property, which consists in the fact that the air temperature is equalized between floors due to the fact that approximately the same amount of thermal energy is supplied to each floor. The applicant has not found any sources of information containing information about the impact of the claimed distinctive features on the technical result achieved as a result of their implementation. This, according to the applicant, indicates the conformity of this technical solution to the criterion of "Inventive Level" (IS).
Краткое описание чертежейBrief Description of the Drawings
Сущность изобретения поясняется чертежом, на котором схематично изображена система отопления многоэтажного здания Лучший вариант осуществления изобретенияThe invention is illustrated in the drawing, which schematically shows the heating system of a multi-storey building The best embodiment of the invention
Система отопления многоэтажного здания включает подающую магистраль I и обратную магистраль 2, сообщенные с ними соответственно подающие 3 и обратные 4 стояки. К стоякам 3 и 4 подключены размещенные в помещениях 5 нагревательные элементы 6. Часть нагревательных элементов 6 соединена только с подающими стояками 3, а остальные - только с обратными стояками 4. Подающие 3 и обратные 4 стояки, к которым подключены нагревательные элементы 6, чередуются как по длине, так и по ширине здания. Такую систему предлагается называть смешанной. Предлагаемая смешанная система отопления работает следующим образом.The heating system of a multi-storey building includes a supply line I and a return line 2, the supply 3 and return 4 risers communicated with them, respectively. The heating elements 6 located in rooms 5 are connected to the risers 3 and 4. Some of the heating elements 6 are connected only to the supply risers 3, and the rest are connected only to the return risers 4. The supply 3 and return 4 risers, to which the heating elements 6 are connected, alternate as along the length and width of the building. Such a system is proposed to be called mixed. The proposed mixed heating system operates as follows.
Теплоноситель последовательно проходит через все включенные в систему нагревательные элементы 6. При этом максимальную температуру будет иметь нагревательный элемент 6, расположенный ближе всех к подающей магистрали 1 , а значит и помещение 5, где он размещен. При включении нагревательных элементов 6 в подающий стояк 3 - это помещение 5 первого этажа, при включении их в обратный стояк 4 - это помещение 5 последнего этажа. Если в каждом помещении имеется по одному нагревательному элементу, то, благодаря смешанной системе отопления, на одном этаже каждое помещение с более низкой температурой воздуха будет окружено двумя или даже тремя помещениями с более высокой температурой воздуха, аналогично, помещение с более высокой температурой окружено помещениями с более низкой температурой. Разность температур воздуха соседних помещений достигает максимума на первом и последнем этажах здания. За счет теплопередачи через стены соседних помещений происходит выравнивание температур воздуха между ними. Этому же способствует конвективный теплообмен, в случае, если соседние помещения между собой сообщаются.The coolant passes successively through all the heating elements 6 included in the system. In this case, the heating element 6, which is closest to the supply line 1, and therefore the room 5 where it is located, will have the maximum temperature. When you turn on the heating elements 6 in the supply riser 3 - this is the room 5 of the first floor, when you turn them on the return riser 4 - this is the room 5 of the last floor. If each room has one heating element, then, thanks to the mixed heating system, on the same floor each room with lower air temperature will be surrounded by two or even three rooms with a higher air temperature, similarly, a room with a higher temperature is surrounded by rooms with a lower temperature. The temperature difference between the neighboring rooms reaches a maximum on the first and last floors of the building. Due to the heat transfer through the walls of neighboring rooms, the air temperatures are equalized between them. Convective heat exchange also contributes to this, if neighboring rooms communicate with each other.
Выравнивание температуры воздуха между этажами происходит за счет того, что, на каждый этаж поступает примерно одинаковое количество тепловой энергии. При размещении в одном помещении четного количества нагревательных элементов смешанная система позволяет достичь практически одинаковой температуры воздуха на всех этажах здания, так как в помещении находится одинаковое количество стояков с разной схемой присоединения нагревательных элементов.Equalization of air temperature between floors occurs due to the fact that approximately the same amount of thermal energy is supplied to each floor. When you place an even number of heating elements in one room, the mixed system allows you to achieve almost the same air temperature on all floors of the building, since the room has the same number of risers with different connection patterns of heating elements.
В многокомнатных квартирах смешанная система отопления имеет еще одно преимущество. В более теплой комнате может быть размещена, например, детская комната или спальня, а в более прохладной - гостиная. Существенным преимуществом предлагаемой смешанной системы отопления является то, что снижение энергозатрат на отопление и создание более комфортных условий во всех помещениях здания достигается не за счет введения в систему дополнительных новых элементов, а за счет изменения взаимного расположения существующих элементов. Благодаря этому смешанная система может быть с успехом применена во всех вариантах исполнения однотрубных систем и не только во вновь возводимых зданиях, но и, что особенно важно, в зданиях, находящихся в эксплуатации, путем незначительной и недорогой модификации примененных в них систем отопления.In multi-room apartments, a mixed heating system has another advantage. In a warmer room, for example, a children's room or bedroom can be placed, and in a cooler room, a living room. A significant advantage of the proposed mixed heating system is that reducing energy costs for heating and creating more comfortable conditions in all rooms of the building is achieved not by introducing additional new elements into the system, but by changing the relative position of existing elements. Thanks to this, the mixed system can be successfully applied in all versions of single-pipe systems and not only in newly constructed buildings, but also, which is especially important, in buildings in operation, by insignificant and inexpensive modification of the heating systems used in them.
Промышленная применимостьIndustrial applicability
Для реализации системы отопления многоэтажного здания использовано известное несложное промышленное оборудование и распространенные в данной области техники материалы, что обусловливает соответствие изобретения критерию «пpoмышлeннaя применимость)) (IA). To implement the heating system of a multi-story building, the well-known uncomplicated industrial equipment and materials common in the art are used, which determines the compliance of the invention with the criterion of “industrial applicability)) (IA).

Claims

Формула изобретенияClaim
Система отопления многоэтажного здания, включающая подающую и обратную магистрали, сообщенные с ними соответственно подающие и обратные стояки, а также размешенные в помещениях многоэтажного здания нагревательные элементы, отличающаяся тем, что часть нагревательных элементов соединена только с подающими стояками, а остальные - только с обратными стояками, причем подающие и обратные стояки, к которым подключены нагревательные элементы, чередуются как по длине, так и по ширине здания. The heating system of a multi-storey building, including the supply and return pipes, the supply and return risers communicated with them, as well as the heating elements mixed in the premises of the multi-storey building, characterized in that some of the heating elements are connected only to the supply risers, and the rest only to the return risers moreover, the supply and return risers, to which the heating elements are connected, alternate both in length and in width of the building.
PCT/RU2006/000076 2005-02-22 2006-02-16 Multi-storey building heating system WO2006091125A1 (en)

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RU2005105491/03A RU2285206C1 (en) 2005-02-22 2005-02-22 Heat supply system for multi-stage building
RU2005105491 2005-02-22

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Citations (3)

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SU1073535A1 (en) * 1982-11-03 1984-02-15 Головной Проектный Институт Гражданского Строительства,Планировки И Застройки Городов И Поселков "Челябинскгражданпроект" Building heating system
US5425503A (en) * 1992-11-13 1995-06-20 Unosource Controls, Inc. Primary-secondary circuit hydraulic interface
RU2154239C2 (en) * 1998-09-29 2000-08-10 Открытое акционерное общество "Петербургская телефонная сеть" Method of heating multistory buildings and device for realization of this method

Patent Citations (3)

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SU1073535A1 (en) * 1982-11-03 1984-02-15 Головной Проектный Институт Гражданского Строительства,Планировки И Застройки Городов И Поселков "Челябинскгражданпроект" Building heating system
US5425503A (en) * 1992-11-13 1995-06-20 Unosource Controls, Inc. Primary-secondary circuit hydraulic interface
RU2154239C2 (en) * 1998-09-29 2000-08-10 Открытое акционерное общество "Петербургская телефонная сеть" Method of heating multistory buildings and device for realization of this method

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Title
EREMKIN A.I. ET AL., TEPLOVOI REZHIM ZDANY. UCHEBNOE POSOBIE. PENZA. PENZENSKAYA GOSUDARSTVENNAYA ARKHITEKTURNO-STROITELNAYA AKADEMIYA, 2000, pages 129 - 131 *

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