WO2006090420A1 - Mechanical tool for splitting rocks - Google Patents

Mechanical tool for splitting rocks Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2006090420A1
WO2006090420A1 PCT/IT2005/000404 IT2005000404W WO2006090420A1 WO 2006090420 A1 WO2006090420 A1 WO 2006090420A1 IT 2005000404 W IT2005000404 W IT 2005000404W WO 2006090420 A1 WO2006090420 A1 WO 2006090420A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wedge
guides
splitting
tool
rocks
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IT2005/000404
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Tania Cottini
Original Assignee
Tania Cottini
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tania Cottini filed Critical Tania Cottini
Publication of WO2006090420A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006090420A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D17/02—Percussive tool bits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
    • E21C37/04—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by devices with parts pressed mechanically against the wall of a borehole or a slit

Definitions

  • This invention relates to tools for controlled demolition and more particularly a mechanical tool for splitting rocks that may be used with a common pneumatic hammer.
  • a common technique in caves for splitting blocks of stone and in construction sites for splitting in a controlled manner, that is along a pre-established or desired plane blocks of concrete, consists in drilling the block to be split and forcing a wedge in the hole as far as causing the block to split.
  • a plurality of holes are drilled at regular intervals along the desired break line, then wedges are gradually forced in the holes, making them penetrate substantially by equal increments for promoting a continuous crack.
  • This simple technique allows to break blocks of concrete or stone in pieces that may be easily handled and transported with a wheelbarrow.
  • Simple and relatively inexpensive tools for splitting rocks are well known and commercially available. Generally, they are composed of a metal wedge, typically of tempered steel or any other material compatible with the high mechanical stresses that must be induced in stones or in blocks of concrete to split them, and of two guides, also of tempered steel or any other hard material, between which the wedge is driven to prevent it from remaining stuck in the hole.
  • a metal wedge typically of tempered steel or any other material compatible with the high mechanical stresses that must be induced in stones or in blocks of concrete to split them
  • two guides also of tempered steel or any other hard material, between which the wedge is driven to prevent it from remaining stuck in the hole.
  • the wedge end opposite to the tip, is initially is planar and, with time, develops a shape like the head of a mushroom, as the result of innumerable plastic deformations caused by the blows imparted on it by a maul, like the chisel, used for shaping stones.
  • Each guide has a substantially cylindrical impact surface hitting against the cylindrical wall of the hole drilled in the rock and a generally planar inner surface onto which the wedge is hammered down.
  • the hole that is drilled in the block to be split has a diameter and a depth appropriate to fully accommodate the pair of guides of the tool for splitting stones, then the wedge inserted between the two guides is hit with the maul, divaricating them until the block splits.
  • This technique requires a relatively long time and it is very laborious, especially when only one worker must hit sequentially and/or alternately a plurality of wedges so arranged for splitting large blocks of stone along a desired breaking line.
  • a mechanical tool for splitting rocks realized according to this invention that comprises, according to the classic technique, two guides, preferably shaped like cylindrical sectors, pre-inserted in a hole drilled in the block to be split, and a wedge, to be driven between the guides for divaricating them, that has a tail end shaped in a way as to couple to a pneumatic hammer.
  • Figures 1 and 2 are front and side views of a mechanical tool of this invention
  • Figures 3 and 4 are side and front view of the wedge of the mechanical tool of this invention for splitting rocks;
  • Figures 5 and 6 are front and side view of a mechanical tool of this invention for splitting rocks coupled to a pneumatic hammer
  • Figure 7 is a picture of a worker engaged in splitting a large block of stone along a break line using a plurality of mechanical tools of this invention.
  • FIGS 1 and 2 Front and side views of the preferred embodiment of the mechanical tool of this invention for splitting rocks are depicted in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the metal guides 1, preferably made of tempered steel, are generally shaped as a cylindrical sector such to define an inner planar surface 6 against which a planar surface 4 of the wedge 2 hits, and a substantially cylindrical surface 7 forcing against the cylindrical wall of the hole.
  • the wedge 2 differs from the commonly known wedges employed for splitting rocks because it does not terminates with an end surface appropriate for hitting on it with a maul, but it has a shaped tang 3 for coupling with the end (commonly a socket end) of the mandrel of a pneumatic hammer.
  • the tang 3 is substantially cylindrical, typically 7 cm long, with a diameter of 24 mm and its end portion is tapered (conical) with a diameter decreasing down to 20 mm.
  • This particular shape of the tang 3 is appropriate for coupling with the mandrel of the commercially available pneumatic hammer Al 3 ATT. 25x75, made by B ⁇ hler, which is commonly used in caves and construction sites.
  • the tang 3 may be produced even with different shape and dimensions for coupling with the mandrel of other commercially available pneumatic hammers.
  • Figures 3 and 4 are front and side views of an embodiment of the wedge 2 of the mechanical tool of this invention for splitting rocks, wherein the surfaces 4 hitting against the guides 1 are planar.
  • the shape of the wedge may differ from that shown in the figures, though it must be appropriate for forcing apart the guides 1 pre-inserted in the hole when the wedge is forced between them by driving it with repeated strikes as imparted to the wedge by the pneumatic hammer.
  • the length of the wedge 2 may determine the depth of the crack, thus it is to be determined depending on the operation (shaping or breaking of a block) to be carried out.
  • Figures 5 and 6 are front and side views of the tool for splitting rocks of Figure 1, with the wedge coupled to the mandrel of a pneumatic hammer 5.
  • the mechanical tool of this invention for splitting rocks costs may be produced and sold at substantially the same price of a classic mechanical tool of the prior art and may be used even by a inexpert worker for breaking blocks of concrete or shaping blocks of stones, even of large dimensions, rapidly and easily, without excessive physical exertion because the wedge can be effortlessly driven by the pneumatic hammer and not hit with a maul. While according to the classic technique of manually striking by maul the wedges, the skill of the worker remains of paramount importance for neatly breaking the block along a desired break line, with the improved tool of this invention even an inexpert worker may immediately learn to carry out correctly the job by simply dosing the action of the pneumatic hammer.
  • a further advantage of the tool of this invention consists in that it does not require costly machines purposely designed for using it, but it needs only a pneumatic hammer, that is a machine normally used and certainly available in construction sites and in caves for various purposes.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)

Abstract

A tool for splitting rocks that simplifies greatly the operations of shaping or splitting rocks or blocks of concrete, though being usable by unskilled personnel,without special equipment and/or special materials, that imply significant investments, precautions or safety requisites. This is achieved with a mechanical tool for splitting rocks that commonly comprises two guides (1), preferably shaped like cylindrical sectors, to be introduced in a hole drilled in the block to be split, and a wedge (2), to be hammered to drive it between the guides for divaricating them, provided with a shaped tang (3) adapted to be coupled to the mandrel of a pneumatic hammer.

Description

"MECHANICAL TOOL FOR SPLITTING ROCKS"
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to tools for controlled demolition and more particularly a mechanical tool for splitting rocks that may be used with a common pneumatic hammer.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A common technique in caves for splitting blocks of stone and in construction sites for splitting in a controlled manner, that is along a pre-established or desired plane blocks of concrete, consists in drilling the block to be split and forcing a wedge in the hole as far as causing the block to split.
In order to achieve a desired break line, a plurality of holes are drilled at regular intervals along the desired break line, then wedges are gradually forced in the holes, making them penetrate substantially by equal increments for promoting a continuous crack.
This simple technique allows to break blocks of concrete or stone in pieces that may be easily handled and transported with a wheelbarrow.
Simple and relatively inexpensive tools for splitting rocks are well known and commercially available. Generally, they are composed of a metal wedge, typically of tempered steel or any other material compatible with the high mechanical stresses that must be induced in stones or in blocks of concrete to split them, and of two guides, also of tempered steel or any other hard material, between which the wedge is driven to prevent it from remaining stuck in the hole.
The wedge end, opposite to the tip, is initially is planar and, with time, develops a shape like the head of a mushroom, as the result of innumerable plastic deformations caused by the blows imparted on it by a maul, like the chisel, used for shaping stones. Each guide has a substantially cylindrical impact surface hitting against the cylindrical wall of the hole drilled in the rock and a generally planar inner surface onto which the wedge is hammered down.
The hole that is drilled in the block to be split has a diameter and a depth appropriate to fully accommodate the pair of guides of the tool for splitting stones, then the wedge inserted between the two guides is hit with the maul, divaricating them until the block splits.
This technique requires a relatively long time and it is very laborious, especially when only one worker must hit sequentially and/or alternately a plurality of wedges so arranged for splitting large blocks of stone along a desired breaking line.
Naturally, other techniques of controlled demolition have been developed. They are based on the use of small amounts of explosive or of fluid chemical compounds that expand upon hardening to be introduced in the holes drilled in the block to be split. Of course, these techniques are less laborious, but require specialized workers. Moreover, these chemical substances or explosives are potentially dangerous and must be stored in safe places properly realized for this purpose in the construction site or cave, in compliance to safety laws.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It has been found a tool for splitting rocks that simplifies greatly the operations of shaping or splitting rocks or blocks of concrete, though being usable by unskilled personnel. The tool of this invention does not require special equipment and/or special materials, that imply significant investments, precautions or safety requisites.
Contrary to what has been given for granted by skilled artisans, the traditional technique of splitting rocks using a mechanical tool as discussed above may be implemented in a far less laborious manner by a worker even practically unskilled.
This is surprisingly achieved with a mechanical tool for splitting rocks realized according to this invention that comprises, according to the classic technique, two guides, preferably shaped like cylindrical sectors, pre-inserted in a hole drilled in the block to be split, and a wedge, to be driven between the guides for divaricating them, that has a tail end shaped in a way as to couple to a pneumatic hammer.
The invention is defined in the annexed claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be described in detail referring to the attached drawings, wherein:
Figures 1 and 2 are front and side views of a mechanical tool of this invention; Figures 3 and 4 are side and front view of the wedge of the mechanical tool of this invention for splitting rocks;
Figures 5 and 6 are front and side view of a mechanical tool of this invention for splitting rocks coupled to a pneumatic hammer;
Figure 7 is a picture of a worker engaged in splitting a large block of stone along a break line using a plurality of mechanical tools of this invention.
DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
Front and side views of the preferred embodiment of the mechanical tool of this invention for splitting rocks are depicted in Figures 1 and 2.
The metal guides 1, preferably made of tempered steel, are generally shaped as a cylindrical sector such to define an inner planar surface 6 against which a planar surface 4 of the wedge 2 hits, and a substantially cylindrical surface 7 forcing against the cylindrical wall of the hole.
The wedge 2 differs from the commonly known wedges employed for splitting rocks because it does not terminates with an end surface appropriate for hitting on it with a maul, but it has a shaped tang 3 for coupling with the end (commonly a socket end) of the mandrel of a pneumatic hammer.
In the example shown in the figures, the tang 3 is substantially cylindrical, typically 7 cm long, with a diameter of 24 mm and its end portion is tapered (conical) with a diameter decreasing down to 20 mm. This particular shape of the tang 3 is appropriate for coupling with the mandrel of the commercially available pneumatic hammer Al 3 ATT. 25x75, made by Bδhler, which is commonly used in caves and construction sites.
Clearly, the tang 3 may be produced even with different shape and dimensions for coupling with the mandrel of other commercially available pneumatic hammers.
Figures 3 and 4 are front and side views of an embodiment of the wedge 2 of the mechanical tool of this invention for splitting rocks, wherein the surfaces 4 hitting against the guides 1 are planar.
Obviously, the shape of the wedge may differ from that shown in the figures, though it must be appropriate for forcing apart the guides 1 pre-inserted in the hole when the wedge is forced between them by driving it with repeated strikes as imparted to the wedge by the pneumatic hammer.
The length of the wedge 2 may determine the depth of the crack, thus it is to be determined depending on the operation (shaping or breaking of a block) to be carried out.
Figures 5 and 6 are front and side views of the tool for splitting rocks of Figure 1, with the wedge coupled to the mandrel of a pneumatic hammer 5.
The mechanical tool of this invention for splitting rocks costs may be produced and sold at substantially the same price of a classic mechanical tool of the prior art and may be used even by a inexpert worker for breaking blocks of concrete or shaping blocks of stones, even of large dimensions, rapidly and easily, without excessive physical exertion because the wedge can be effortlessly driven by the pneumatic hammer and not hit with a maul. While according to the classic technique of manually striking by maul the wedges, the skill of the worker remains of paramount importance for neatly breaking the block along a desired break line, with the improved tool of this invention even an inexpert worker may immediately learn to carry out correctly the job by simply dosing the action of the pneumatic hammer.
As shown in Figure 7, once the mechanical tools for splitting rocks are inserted in regularly spaced blind holes drilled along a desired break line, a single worker may rapidly drive down the wedges, acting alternately or in succession and repeatedly on the wedges along the break line, using the same pneumatic hammer, by moving from a wedge to the other.
A further advantage of the tool of this invention consists in that it does not require costly machines purposely designed for using it, but it needs only a pneumatic hammer, that is a machine normally used and certainly available in construction sites and in caves for various purposes.

Claims

1 A mechanical tool for splitting rocks, comprising a metal wedge (2), two metal guides (1) for said wedge (2) to be introduced in a hole drilled in a block to be split, each guide having a surface bearing against the wall of the hole and an inner surface that is eventually hit by said wedge, the wedge (2) forcing apart the guides (1) when driven down between them, characterized in that said wedge (2) has a coupling tang (3) shaped in a way to couple with a mandrel of a pneumatic hammer with which driving the wedge (2) between said guides (1) pre-introduced in the drilled hole.
2. The tool of claim 1, wherein said metal guides (1) have a cylindrical surface (7) for bearing against the wall of the hole and an inner planar surface (6) onto which the wedge (2) strikes.
PCT/IT2005/000404 2005-02-24 2005-07-15 Mechanical tool for splitting rocks WO2006090420A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITVB20050001 ITVB20050001A1 (en) 2005-02-24 2005-02-24 CUNEO PNEUMATIC SPINDLE K25
ITVB2005A000001 2005-02-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006090420A1 true WO2006090420A1 (en) 2006-08-31

Family

ID=34993213

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IT2005/000404 WO2006090420A1 (en) 2005-02-24 2005-07-15 Mechanical tool for splitting rocks

Country Status (2)

Country Link
IT (1) ITVB20050001A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2006090420A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT201700055089A1 (en) * 2017-05-23 2017-08-23 Tania Cottini MECHANICAL SPLIT-TOOL

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2691512A (en) * 1949-07-25 1954-10-12 Arizio Antonio Wedge-shaped tool for splitting rocks and the like
US3558191A (en) * 1969-01-23 1971-01-26 Fletcher Co H E Means for applying wedging forces to minerals and other bodies
US3791698A (en) * 1971-01-13 1974-02-12 H Darda Hydraulically operated apparatus for mechanical splitting of rock and the like
US3894772A (en) * 1973-07-16 1975-07-15 Helmut Darda Hydraulically actuated apparatus for the mechanical splitting of rock
US3995906A (en) * 1974-07-12 1976-12-07 Helmut Darda Rock-splitting apparatus
US4190293A (en) * 1978-04-27 1980-02-26 Nieder Charles E Rock splitting attachment for a breaking hammer
US4474410A (en) * 1981-03-31 1984-10-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho Power-driven, wedge-operated rock splitter
US6539933B1 (en) * 1998-01-15 2003-04-01 Stu-Stein, Teknologi Og Utvikling Process and device for splitting stones

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2691512A (en) * 1949-07-25 1954-10-12 Arizio Antonio Wedge-shaped tool for splitting rocks and the like
US3558191A (en) * 1969-01-23 1971-01-26 Fletcher Co H E Means for applying wedging forces to minerals and other bodies
US3791698A (en) * 1971-01-13 1974-02-12 H Darda Hydraulically operated apparatus for mechanical splitting of rock and the like
US3894772A (en) * 1973-07-16 1975-07-15 Helmut Darda Hydraulically actuated apparatus for the mechanical splitting of rock
US3995906A (en) * 1974-07-12 1976-12-07 Helmut Darda Rock-splitting apparatus
US4190293A (en) * 1978-04-27 1980-02-26 Nieder Charles E Rock splitting attachment for a breaking hammer
US4474410A (en) * 1981-03-31 1984-10-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Komatsu Seisakusho Power-driven, wedge-operated rock splitter
US6539933B1 (en) * 1998-01-15 2003-04-01 Stu-Stein, Teknologi Og Utvikling Process and device for splitting stones

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT201700055089A1 (en) * 2017-05-23 2017-08-23 Tania Cottini MECHANICAL SPLIT-TOOL

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITVB20050001A1 (en) 2005-05-26

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