WO2006089566A1

WO2006089566A1 - Method for producing a saddle bridge and said saddle tree

Info

Publication number: WO2006089566A1
Application number: PCT/EP2005/001998
Authority: WO
Inventors: Stefan Baumgartner
Original assignee: Stefan Baumgartner
Priority date: 2005-02-25
Filing date: 2005-02-25
Publication date: 2006-08-31

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a saddle tree (S) for a riding saddle consisting in preparing a shaping tool (4) corresponding to a horse's back, in preparing and heating a thermoplastic plate (2), in stretch-forming the heated plastic plate (2) on the shaping tool (4), in cooling the thus shaped part (10) and eventually post-machining the cooled shaped part (10) in order to adapt it to a saddleable horse individual anatomy in such a way that the saddle tree (S) is used for production purposes and/or for a rider physical characteristics.

Description

DESCRIPTION

METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A SADDLE AND SADDLE TREE

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a method of making a sattlerial structure and a sabot

State of the art

Saddle trees, such as in DE 199 64 290 C2, DE 198 32 755 Al or EP 1 197 469 Al are shown and described form the frame for a saddle. For a precise fit of a riding saddle, it is therefore necessary, the saddle tree, taking into account the physical condition (weight, size, etc.) of the rider as optimally adapted to the anatomy of the back of the horse to be saddled (horse breed, size, congenital anomalies, etc.) , Different requirements with regard to anatomy of the horse and physical condition of the rider as well as different riding styles or uses (dressage, jumping or trail riding, etc.) therefore require individually designed saddle trees to prevent damage to horses and riders from the outset or to be kept as low as possible.

A contemporary alternative to conventional saddle trees made of glued wood are saddle trees made of plastic, which are made of thermosetting plastic by injection molding or, as shown and described in DE 299 20 317 UI, layers of different synthetic fiber mats are constructed. Due to the positive property of being poured into any shape, plastic saddle trees can be produced in one piece. The reason Why not all manufacturers have switched to such saddle trees made of plastic, lies in the complex and therefore costly production of a variety of special casting or tooling molds for the production of a saddle tree. For example, the cost of producing a single mold or tool can range from EUR 12,000 to 25,000.

Brief description of the invention

Proceeding from this, the invention is based on the object of providing a method for the cost-effective production of a saddle tree designed according to orthopedic aspects as well as a saddle tree optimally adapted to the respective requirements of horse and rider and the purpose of use.

This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim I or a saddle tree with the features of claim 10. Advantageous developments are the subject of each dependent claims. The inventive method for producing a saddle tree provides first to provide a the anatomy of a horse back corresponding mold. As a molding tool, preferably a positive image, e.g. made of aluminum, a certain, preferably average horseback anatomy use. For example, based on one or more plaster casts and / or using other impression techniques, e.g. Stencils, etc., an aluminum block by milling in a form that corresponds to the desired horseback anatomy. Instead of a positive image but also a negative image of the desired horseback anatomy can be provided.

In the next step, a sheet of thermoplastic material, such as PC, PP, ABS, provided and heated. For producing a one-piece saddle tree has the sheet of thermoplastic material has a surface area which is at least as large as the surface area of the saddle tree to be produced. Alternatively, however, several, juxtaposed or overlapping arranged plate made of thermoplastic material may be used, the surface area in the sum is at least as large as the surface area of the saddle tree to be produced. In the following, it is assumed for the sake of simplicity of an integrally formed plate made of thermoplastic material. The material thickness of the sheet of thermoplastic material is selected in particular so that the saddle tree to be produced according to the respective requirements (intended use, etc.) receives the desired rigidity or flexibility.

In the next step, the heated sheet of thermoplastic material is placed over the mold and pulled mechanically and / or vacuum assisted over the mold (= stretch forming). In order to obtain the smoothest possible surface on the part of the mold, in a vacuum-assisted stretch forming, the vacuum is preferably not applied via air suction ducts formed in the mold, but directly between the mold and the sheet of thermoplastic material. In this way, an exact reproduction of the mold, i. the horseback anatomy, obtained without surface irregularities. As an alternative to vacuum-assisted stretch-forming, the heated sheet of thermoplastic material may also be actively drawn over the mold, or the mold may be actively pressed against the heated sheet of thermoplastic to provide accurate molding of the mold, i. to reach the horseback anatomy.

Of course, according to the method described so far, several sheets of thermoplastic materials can be stretch formed over the mold in layers. The individual layers may consist of the same or different thermoplastic materials. After cooling of the molding obtained by the stretch forming, which now has a three-dimensional shape corresponding to the mold or the anatomy of the horse back, the molding of thermoplastic material, if necessary, by forming (bending, stretching, expansion, etc., under heating to a certain temperature) and / or cutting (cutting, punching, milling, etc.) in such a way that it optimizes the requirements, ie the individual anatomy of the horse to be saddled, the physical condition of the rider and the intended use adapted contour (in the area of the anus, the waist, the costumes and the saddle head of the saddle tree) and thus receives the final shape.

According to the invention can thus in the simplest case with the help of a single mold (a basic shape, for example, an average horseback anatomy corresponds) produce a three-dimensional molding of thermoplastic material according to the desired horseback anatomy and possibly adapt by subsequent reworking such that the molding finally the individually required or each desired contour and shape.

Since according to the invention a single mold is sufficient to produce a basic shape of a saddle tree, the total costs for the production of the saddle tree can be considerably reduced compared to conventional methods. By a suitable pre-processing of the sheet of thermoplastic material and / or a suitable post-processing, the molded part can be developed in the same way, which optimally satisfies the respective anatomical conditions of the horse and the physical conditions of the rider as well as the intended use.

In order to limit the post-processing, in an additional step before the stretch forming, the sheet of thermoplastic material by

Pre-processing (transformation under heating to a certain temperature and / or separation) one on the individual back anatomy of the saddled Horse and the intended purpose matched basic contour. In particular, by pre-processing the thermoplastic sheet of the size and shape of the bearing surface of the saddle tree (in the region of the saddle head, the anus and the waist) are already approximated, thereby simplifying the post-processing of the molding.

In the region of the saddle head, the waist and / or in the area of the anus, a traditional broadening can be provided by pre-machining the sheet of thermoplastic material and / or reworking the molded part obtained by stretch forming, extending in the transverse direction of the saddle tree to be produced into the area of the rib curvature of the saddle tree horse to be saddled. Due to the costumes broadening the bearing surface of the saddle tree is increased in such a way that the rib dome areas are included for load bearing. In this way, the pressure acting on horseback compared to conventional saddle trees can be significantly reduced by up to 70%,

Furthermore, in relation to the longitudinal direction of the molded part of the saddle tree to be produced, expansion joints for adjusting the elasticity of the saddle tree to be produced depend on the intended use of the saddle tree to be produced and / or the weight of the rider on the left and right sides in the region of the waist of the saddle tree to be produced intended. The exact position and length of the expansion joints is chosen depending on the purpose and the weight of the rider so that the saddle tree to be produced shows the desired flexibility or deflection. For this purpose, a so-called elasticity diagram can already be incorporated in the plate of thermoplastic material or only on the molded part obtained by the stretch forming on the left and right side in the region of the waist. The elasticity diagram may for example consist of a plurality of suitably indicated lines, each indicating the position of one of the later to be formed expansion joints. The location, the course and the length of the lines will therefore depend on the desired Elasticity of the saddle tree, taking into account the intended use, the weight of the rider, etc. chosen.

Next can be mounted rigidly or articulated on the saddle tree in the area of the seat part a seat aid for the rider. Due to the subsequent attachment of the seat support to the molded part, in contrast to a saddle tree, in which the seat aid is formed integrally with the molded part, on the one hand, the individually required seating position of the rider to produce the saddle tree can be realized. On the other hand, the seat support detached from the saddle tree, depending on the purpose [dressage, jumping or hiking) and / or the physical nature of the rider (size, weight) are designed and manufactured.

To reduce the dynamic forces and shocks occurring during riding, moreover, one or more shock absorbers are preferably provided between the molded part and the seating aid. Shock absorbers may be mechanical (e.g., spring), pneumatic, hydraulic and / or gas spring. In particular, damping plastics can also be used. The damping properties (characteristic curves) of the shock absorber (s) used are preferably chosen as a function of the intended use (dressage, jumping or trail riding) and / or the physical condition of the rider [size, weight).

The seat support is preferably articulated at its end facing the saddle head of the saddle tree to be produced, on the shaped part, i. hinged forward. This development facilitates the assembly of any shock absorbers.

Due to the mutual providence of spring limiting elements between the longitudinal direction of the saddle tree to be produced on the left and right ends and the heel extensions of the Äfterbereichs the deflection of the saddle tree can be limited. That is, the saddle tree is up to an exactly adjustable bendable bending moment. Further deflection is prevented as soon as the spring limiting elements have reached their maximum elongation.

Furthermore, a length-adjustable gullet iron is preferably provided on the molded part in the region of the saddle head of the saddle tree to be produced, which extends in the direction of the left- and right-hand locating ends. The gullet iron, for example, consist of a central hollow body with left and right telescopically extendable extensions. As a result, a change in the left and right side length of the gullet, for example, depending on the intended use (dressage, jumping or trail riding) and / or the physical nature of the rider (size, weight) and thus a change in pressure conditions in the saddle head , to the local ends, allows.

The gullet iron is further arranged so far back relative to the front end of the molding by a certain amount that the front end of the

Form part may have a contour, the left and right sides in the

Shoulders of the horse to be saddled shows indentations up to the gullet.

As a result, given the same saddle position as in conventional saddles the shoulders of the horse to be saddled the necessary freedom of movement granted or procures a larger radius of action to avoid damage to health.

It should be pointed out that the abovementioned features of the detachably mounted seating aid, the shock absorber arranged between the seat support and the molded part serving as a support element, the elasticity diagram as well as the heel broadening into the region of the rib curvature of the horse to be saddled by the method according to the invention 1 and the Gegenstandstand the claim 10 represent independent ideas of the invention for which by way of separate applications (divisional applications, etc.) can later be sought for protection. Brief description of the drawings

Figures 1 to 4 illustrate a method according to the invention for producing a first embodiment of a saddle tree;

5 shows a second embodiment of a saddle tree to be produced by the method according to the invention;

Fig. 6 shows a third embodiment of a saddle tree to be produced by the method according to the invention; and

7 shows the first and third embodiments of the saddle tree to be produced by the method according to the invention in a superimposed arrangement for illustrating the costumes broadening of the saddle tree of the first embodiment with respect to the saddle tree of the third embodiment.

Description of preferred embodiments

The essential components of a first embodiment of a saddle tree to be produced by the method according to the invention are shown in FIG. 4. The saddle tree Sa shown in an exploded isometric view is essentially made of a formed by stretch molding 10 made of thermoplastic material, attached to the molding 10 gullet 50, a hinged to the molding 10 seat aid 60, two laterally extending spring limiting elements 70a and 70b and between the seat 60 and the molded part 10 arranged shock absorbers 80a, 80b and 80c constructed.

The supporting element of the saddle tree Sa is the molded part 10, which, as shown in Fig. 4, in a saddle head area 13, a waist region 14, a seat portion sixteenth and subdivide a Äfterbereich 18. The molded part 10 is, as shown in Fig. 1, by stretch forming a plate 2 made of thermoplastic material, eg PC, PP ABS, (hereinafter: plastic plate) via a mold 4 and optionally subsequent reworking of the resulting molded part 10.

An inventive method for producing the molding 10 shown in Fig. 4 of the saddle tree Sa is illustrated by FIGS. 1 to 3. FIG. 1 shows in an isometric view the mold 4 simulated to the anatomy of a particular horse back and the two-dimensional plastic plate 2 arranged above the mold 4. FIG. 2 shows in an isometric view the mold part 10 and the mold mechanically after a heating process FIG. 3 shows, in an isometric view, the three-dimensional molded part 10 obtained by the stretch forming of the plastic sheet 2 in a state raised from the molding tool 4. In Fig. 3, a machining line 6 is further indicated by a dashed line, along which, for example, by CNC milling excess plastic sheet material separated from the molding 10 and thereby the molding 10, the desired contour can be imparted.

First, the mold 4 is provided. In the preferred embodiment, the forming tool 4 is a positive image of an average horseback anatomy made of an aluminum block. For this purpose, an average horseback anatomy can be determined in advance by measuring a large number of different horseback and graphic processing of the survey data, for example by means of a CAD system, and then the aluminum block can be produced by a suitable molding method, for example CNC milling.

Subsequently, the plastic plate 2 is provided and heated to a temperature suitable for stretch forming. The plastic plate 2 is in the Preferred embodiment, a rectangular plate made of a thermoplastic material, such as PC, PP, ABS, the surface area is at least as large as the surface area of the saddle for the Sa Sa manufactured molding 10. The material thickness of the plastic plate 2 is chosen so that the molding 10 and the manufactured saddle tree Sa according to the respective requirements (intended use, etc.) receives a certain rigidity or flexibility accordingly.

Then, the heated plastic plate 2 is stretch-formed by applying a vacuum to the space between the plastic plate 2 and the mold 4 and mechanically supported pulled over the mold 4. In this way, an exact three-dimensional representation of the mold 4 and thus the defined average horseback anatomy is obtained.

After cooling or cooling of the molded part 10 obtained by the stretch forming, the molding 10 is formed by thermal deformation, e.g. local expansion,

Stretching, stretching, bending, etc., and CNC milling along that shown in FIG

Machining line 6 brought in the desired shape and size. The desired

Shape is determined by the particular requirements, i. the individual anatomy of the horse to be saddled, the physical nature of the rider and the intended use.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the processing line 6 is in particular such that the laterally arranged Trachtenverbreiterung or in the region of the saddle head up to the locating ends 12 a and 12 b, the waist 14 and the costumes broadening in Äfterbereich 19 a and 19b are extended on both sides in the transverse direction Q to the region of the rib curvature of the horse to be saddled, whereby the largest possible bearing surface of the saddle tree Sa is obtained.

Subsequently, in relation to the longitudinal direction L of the molded part 10, expansion joints 24a, 24b, 224c, 24d and 24e are provided on the left and right side in the region of the waist 14 Adjustment of the elasticity of the saddle tree Sa depending on the intended use of the saddle tree Sa and / or the weight of the rider provided, for example by CNC milling. The exact position and length of the expansion joints 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d and 24e is chosen depending on the purpose and the weight of the rider so that the saddle tree to be produced shows the desired flexibility or deflection. For this purpose, a so-called elastic diagram E can be incorporated in advance in the molded part 10 on the left and right sides in the region of the waist 14. The elastic diagram E consists in the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 of a plurality of dotted lines, each indicating the position of the later to be formed expansion joints.

Then, holes 52a, 52b, 52c, and 52d are formed on the left and right sides to fix the head iron 50 and bores 74a, 74b, 74c, and 74d for fixing the spring restriction members 70a and 70b. The seat aid 60 and shock absorbers 80a, 80b and 80c are suitably attached, e.g. screwed on, glued, welded, etc.

Finally, on the molded part 10 developed in this way, the gullet 50, the side spring restricting elements 70a and 70b, the seating aid 60, the shock absorbers 80a, 80b and 80c etc. are mounted.

The gullet 50 may deviate from the illustrated embodiment consist of a central relatively rigid support member, not shown, are added to the not shown Kopfeisenende of an elastically deformable material telescopically extendable. The gullet 50 extends from the saddle head 13 on both sides in the transverse direction Q to the two locating ends 32a, 32b. As can be seen in Fig. 4, the gullet 50 is set back relative to the front end edge 1 1 of the molding 10 by a certain amount in the direction of the Äfterbereich 18. As a result, the front end edge 1 1 of the molded part 10 have a contour, the left and right sides in the shoulders to be saddled Horse each having up to the gullet 50 reaching recesses or indentations 36a and 36b.

In the embodiment shown, the seat aid 60 for the rider in the region of the seat portion 16 in a suitable manner, for example, by a material joint, folding hinged forward to the molding 10 are attached. The seat support 60 may be made of the same material as the molded part 10. Shock absorbers 80a, 80b and 80c are further provided between the molded part 10 and the seat support 60. In the illustrated embodiment, pneumatic, hydraulic and / or gas pressure dampers are used whose damping characteristic as a function of

Intended use (dressage, jumping or trail riding) and / or the physical

Texture of the rider (size, weight) is chosen.

The spring limiting elements 70a and 70b are respectively provided between the locating ends 32a, 32b and the traditional broadening in the region 19 of the saddle tree Sa. The spring limiting elements 70a and 70b limit the bending of the saddle tree Sa under load about an imaginary bending axis extending in the transverse direction Q. The maximum length extension of the spring limiting elements 70a and 70b is selected depending on the intended use (dressage, jumping or trail riding) and / or the physical nature of the rider (size, weight).

5 shows an isometric exploded view of a second embodiment of a saddle tree to be produced by the method according to the invention. The saddle tree Sb shown in Fig. 5 differs from the saddle tree Sa illustrated in Fig. 4 in that between the heel head region heel up to the locating ends 12a and 12b and in the area of the anus 19a and 19b in the spine area of the horse to be saddled Cutout was made within the contour 40. This cutout 40 is used to ventilate the spine. 6 shows an isometric exploded view of a third embodiment of a saddle tree to be produced by the method according to the invention. The saddle tree Sc shown in FIG. 6 differs from the saddle tree Sa illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 3 in that the waist 14 is heavily tied, therefore, it does not have any costumes enlargement in the area of the waist 20a and 20b. Also, the costume broadening in Äfterbereich 19a and 19b and the costumes broadening in the saddle head to the ends 12a and 12b is not executed here.

FIG. 7 shows a comparison of two saddle trees, Sa and Sc produced by the method according to the invention. The saddle tree Sc resembles its trim contour after a dressage or jumping saddle, as it is often used today. The saddle tree Sa shows in comparison to the inventive changes. In particular, the costume broadening left and right of the spine in the area of the anus 19a and 19b, in the region of the waist 20a and 20b and in the region of the saddle head to the local ends 12a and 12b. Furthermore, the gullet 50 in the saddle tree Sa is offset further to the rear than the saddle tree Sc. In order to allow the horse more freedom of shoulder, a so-called "indentation" in the area of the two locating ends 32a and 32b has been worked out in the saddle tree Sa.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

E elasticity diagram

L longitudinal direction

Q transverse direction

Sa saddle tree in Fig. 3, 4 and 7

Sb tree in Fig. 5 Sc saddle tree in Fig. 6 and 7

2 thermoplastic plastic plate

4 mold

6 processing line

10 molded part 1 1 front edge

12a left costume broadening from the saddle head to the left end of the village

12b right costume broadening from the saddle head to the right end of the village

13 saddle head

14 Tallie 16 seats

18 aft area

19a left costume broadening in the Äfterbereich

19b right costume broadening in the Äfterbereich

20a left costume broadening in the valley area 20b right costume broadening in the valley area

24a expansion joint

24b expansion joint

24c expansion joint

24d expansion joint 24e expansion joint 32a left end of town

32b right end of town

36a left indentation

36b Right indentation 40 Section inside the contour

50 gullet iron

52a holes for attaching the gullet

52b Holes for attaching the iron

52c drill holes for attachment of the weft iron 52d holes for attachment of the gullet iron

60 seat aid for the rider

70a left spring limit

7Ob right spring limit

74a Hole for mounting the left spring limit in the area of the left end of the village

74b Hole for attaching the left spring limit in the region of the left costumes broadening in the region of the rear

74c Bore for mounting the right-hand spring limit in the area of the right-hand end 74d Bore for attaching the right-hand spring limit in the area of the right-hand widened area in the region of the rear

80a shock absorber

80b shock absorber

80c shock absorber

Claims

1. A method for producing a saddle tree (S) for a saddle, characterized by the steps:

Providing a horseback corresponding mold (4); Providing and heating a thermoplastic sheet (2); Stretch forming the heated plastic sheet (2) over the mold (4); Cooling the resulting molded part (10); and optionally reworking the cooled molding (10) to suit the individual anatomy of the horse to be saddled, the intended use of the saddle tree to be produced (S) and / or the physical nature of the rider.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the stretch forming is vacuum assisted.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that a vacuum is applied directly to the space between the mold (4) and the plastic plate (2).

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mold (4) corresponds to an average horse-back anatomy and ^" the molded article obtained by stretch forming {10) by reshaping and / or separating one of the individual anatomy of the horse to be saddled Purpose of the produced saddle tree (S) and / or the physical nature of the rider customized contour receives.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the plastic plate by pre-processing before heating a on the individual He Anatomy of the horse to be saddled, the intended use of the saddle tree (S) to be produced and / or the physical nature of the rider and the intended use receives a contoured contour.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the molded part (1 0) with respect to the longitudinal direction (L) left and right side Trachtenverbreiterungen (12a and 12b) in the saddle head area to the ends, Trachtenverbreiterung (20a and 20b ) in the waist region and costume broadening (19a and 19b) are provided in the Äfterbereich, each extending in the transverse direction (Q) of the molding [] 0] into the region of the rib curvature of the horse to be saddled.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that with respect to the longitudinal direction (L) of the molding (10) left and right sides in the region of the waist (14) of the saddle tree to be produced (S) expansion joints (24a, 24b , 24c, 24d, 24e) for adjusting the elasticity of the saddle tree (S) to be produced, depending on the intended use of the saddle tree (S) to be produced and / or the weight of the rider.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that in the plastic plate (2) or on the molded part obtained by the stretch forming (1 0), a diagram of elasticity (E) is incorporated, the position, the course and the length of the expansion joints (24a , 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e).

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that on the molded part (10) in the region of a seat portion (16) of the saddle tree to be produced (S) a seat aid (60) is mounted for the rider.

10. saddle tree (S) for a riding saddle, characterized in that the saddle tree (S) as a supporting element obtained by stretch forming Molded part (10) made of thermoplastic material having a horseback corresponding shape.

11. saddle tree (S) according to claim 10, characterized in that the molded part (] 0) with respect to the longitudinal direction (L) left and right sides

Trachtenverbreiterungen (12a and 12b) in the saddle head area up to the ends, Trachtenverbreiterungen (20a and 20b) in the valley area and Trachtenverbreiterungen (19a and 19b) in the Äfter region, each in the transverse direction (Q) of the molding (10) into the area the rib vaulting of the horse to be saddled extend.

12. saddle tree (S) according to claim 10 or 1 1, characterized in that the molded part (10) with respect to the longitudinal direction (L) left and right side in the region of the waist (10) of the saddle tree to be produced (S) expansion joints (24a , 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e) for adjusting the elasticity of the saddle tree (S) to be produced, depending on the intended use of the saddle tree (S) to be produced and / or the weight of the rider.

13. saddle tree (S) according to claim 12, characterized in that in the molded part (10) has a diagram of elasticity (E) is incorporated, the position, the course and the

Length of the expansion joints (24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e) indicates.

14. saddle tree (S) according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that on the molded part (10) in the region of the seat part (16) of the saddle tree to be produced (S) a seat shell (60) is mounted for the rider.

15. saddle tree (S) according to claim 14, characterized in that between the molding (10) and seat support (60) one or more shock absorbers (80a, 80b, 80c) are provided. 16. saddle tree (S) according to claim 15, characterized in that the seat support (60) at its the saddle head (13) of the manufactured saddle tree (S) facing the end of the molded part (10) is articulated.

5 17. saddle tree (S) according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that in the longitudinal direction (L) of the produced saddle tree (S) left and right side ends (32a, 32b) each have a spring limiting element (70a, 70b) associated with the heel broadenings in the region of the waist (19a and 19b).

18 saddle tree (S) according to any one of claims 10 to 1 7, characterized in that on the molded part (10) in the region of the saddle head (13) of the saddle tree to be produced (S) a length-adjustable gullet (50) is provided which extends in the direction of the left and right side ends (32a, 32b) in variable length.

15

19. saddle tree (S) according to claim 18, characterized in that the gullet iron (50) relative to the front end edge (1 1) of the molding {] 0) is reset.

20. saddle tree (S) according to claim 19, characterized in that the front 0 end edge (I]) of the molded part (10) has a contour which left and right side in

Section of the shoulders of the horse to be saddled each up to the gullet indentations (36a, 36b) shows.

5

0