WO2006071170A1 - A vehicle including compressed air consuming devices and a method of operating the same - Google Patents

A vehicle including compressed air consuming devices and a method of operating the same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006071170A1
WO2006071170A1 PCT/SE2005/001861 SE2005001861W WO2006071170A1 WO 2006071170 A1 WO2006071170 A1 WO 2006071170A1 SE 2005001861 W SE2005001861 W SE 2005001861W WO 2006071170 A1 WO2006071170 A1 WO 2006071170A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
compressed air
vehicle
air
pressure
predetermined
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2005/001861
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2006071170A8 (en
Inventor
Mats Sabelstrom
Christian Oscarsson
Original Assignee
Volvo Lastvagnar Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=34102167&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2006071170(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Volvo Lastvagnar Ab filed Critical Volvo Lastvagnar Ab
Priority to EP05812871A priority Critical patent/EP1834096B1/en
Priority to BRPI0519693-0A priority patent/BRPI0519693B1/en
Priority to US11/720,655 priority patent/US20090232668A1/en
Priority to AT05812871T priority patent/ATE556222T1/en
Publication of WO2006071170A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006071170A1/en
Publication of WO2006071170A8 publication Critical patent/WO2006071170A8/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/015—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
    • B60G17/0152—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the action on a particular type of suspension unit
    • B60G17/0155—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the action on a particular type of suspension unit pneumatic unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T10/00—Control or regulation for continuous braking making use of fluid or powdered medium, e.g. for use when descending a long slope
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/24—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being gaseous
    • B60T13/26—Compressed-air systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/02—Arrangements of pumps or compressors, or control devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/12—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger
    • B60T7/16—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger operated by remote control, i.e. initiating means not mounted on vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/12—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger
    • B60T7/16—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger operated by remote control, i.e. initiating means not mounted on vehicle
    • B60T7/18—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger operated by remote control, i.e. initiating means not mounted on vehicle operated by wayside apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/02—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2400/00—Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
    • B60G2400/25—Stroke; Height; Displacement
    • B60G2400/252—Stroke; Height; Displacement vertical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2400/00—Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
    • B60G2400/50—Pressure
    • B60G2400/51—Pressure in suspension unit
    • B60G2400/512—Pressure in suspension unit in spring
    • B60G2400/5122—Fluid spring
    • B60G2400/51222—Pneumatic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2400/00—Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
    • B60G2400/80—Exterior conditions
    • B60G2400/82—Ground surface
    • B60G2400/824—Travel path sensing; Track monitoring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2401/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of sensors based on the principle of their operation
    • B60G2401/16—GPS track data
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2500/00—Indexing codes relating to the regulated action or device
    • B60G2500/20—Spring action or springs
    • B60G2500/205—Air-compressor operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2500/00—Indexing codes relating to the regulated action or device
    • B60G2500/30—Height or ground clearance

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of operating compressed air systems in vehicles, such as lorries with or without trailers, buses and other heavy vehicles, which include compressed air consuming devices, such as pneumatic braking and suspension systems.
  • Compressed air systems for such vehicles conventionally comprise a power driven compressor to deliver compressed air to one or more storage tanks from which the air consuming devices are fed.
  • the operation of the compressor is usually controlled by a pressure regulator system maintaining an air pressure within the storage tanks at a rather high level, such as about 10-12 bars, which is considered to be sufficient to meet the need of operating the air consuming devices even in the most demanding situations, such as frequent braking or braking over a prolonged period of time.
  • the present invention is based on the finding that the high air pressure conventionally used is necessary only in foreseeable or extreme cases, and that a substantially lower pressure is sufficient during a major part of the time in which the vehicle is in use.
  • the present invention provides a method of operating a vehicle system including compressed air consuming devices, said method comprising operating a power driven compressor so as to deliver compressed air to at least one storage tank and so as to maintain the air pressure in the tank substantially at a predetermined first elevated level and selectively supplying compressed air from the compressed air storage tank to any of said devices in order to operate the same, and the method according to the invention is characterised in controlling the operation of the compressor by position identification means so as to change the pressure of the air in the storage tank to a predetermined second elevated level or substantially different from said first level in response to receiving from the position identification means an indication to the effect that the vehicle is approaching or has arrived at one of a plurality of predetermined positions and/or positions fulfilling predetermined criteria.
  • Said first air pressure level of the storage tank may, for example, be a minimum value or range between two levels and said second elevated level may be a higher value or range between two levels, the operation of the compressor being controlled so as to change the pressure of the air in the storage tank to said second higher value, when the position identification means identifies positions where an increased consumption of compressed air may be foreseen.
  • said first pressure level may be a minimum pressure level used under normal operating conditions when no excessive consumption of pressurised air by the air consuming devices is expected or foreseen
  • said second pressure level may be a higher pressure level enabling the storage tank to deliver the amount of pressurised air required under special conditions at which frequent and/or prolonged operation of one or more of the air consuming devices is expected.
  • the first pressure level may be in the order of 8 bars and the second pressure level may be around 12 bars.
  • the air pressure system on a truck is sometimes divided in different circuits with different air pressure requirements. This is the case when different air components require different maximum air pressure levels. For example, the braking system requires approximately 8 bars as a maximum pressure level and the air suspension system requires approximately 12 bars as a maximum level. For an unloaded truck, the air suspension pressure may be only 2 bars. When the air suspension does not require a higher pressure level, e.g. when the truck is driven unloaded on a road, there is no need for the air system of the truck to provide a higher pressure level than required by any of the components, in this case by the braking system.
  • the said first pressure level may be higher than the said second level.
  • the position identification means may control the operation of the power driven compressor so as to shift between not only two, but three or more different pressure levels.
  • the foreseeable consumption of compressed air at the predetermined positions and/or positions fulfilling predetermined criteria may be further graduated.
  • the compressed air consuming devices comprises a variety of conventional apparatuses and systems. However, the more important as far as consumption of compressed air is concerned, are braking and/or air suspension systems.
  • the position identification means may be of any suitable kind being able to indicate when the vehicle is approaching or has arrived at one of a plurality of predetermined positions and/or positions where substantially higher or lower consumption of compressed air may be expected.
  • the indication received from the position indication means may, for example, be based on map data and other information about road topology, drive pattern recognition, traffic information from external sources, sensors located on the vehicle and/or special signals generated by external sources.
  • the information may be received by and processed in an electronic processing system, and based on predetermined criteria this processing system may determine when the air pressure level of the storage tank has to be changed.
  • said predetermined positions being selected based on experience.
  • a plurality of plots of the consumption of pressurised air against the position along the route at different times of the day may be stored and used as a reference. Based on such experience and on the actual position along the level of air pressure of the storage tank may be decided.
  • predetermined positions there are locations or “predetermined positions” on a road or street where it is obvious that an extra amount of pressurised air will be needed. Examples of such locations or positions are a downhill road section, an entrance to a city area from urban areas, a specific parking location used for coupling and/or uncoupling a trailer and a specific location where the suspension of the vehicle is changed, i.e. the body of the vehicle is elevated or lowered by means of pressurised air.
  • Such "predetermined positions” may be defined by wireless position indicators, which may be arranged at suitable place at a certain distance in advance of such predetermined position, and which may be detected by a position detector installed in the vehicle.
  • the wireless position indicator may, for example, be a transponder transceiver and the position detector installed in the vehicle may be a transponding positioning receiver.
  • the predetermined positions may be the stops, where a large amount of air is needed for the buss to lower its floor and then to raise it again before continuing the trip.
  • the position identification means comprises a global navigation system which may communicate with a receiver installed in the vehicle, and the operation of the compressor may then be controlled based on the position indication received from the navigation system combined with information about the various positions stored, such as map data, information about topology, steep road slopes, long road slopes, foreseeable traffic volume, and/or density of habitation etc.
  • the consumption of compressed air is highly dependent on the total weight of the vehicle. Therefore, less air is needed when the vehicle, such as a lorry or truck, is empty than when it is fully loaded. Therefore, the vehicle preferably includes weight-determining means, such as weight sensors or air bellow pressure sensors, for indicating whether the vehicle is empty or loaded. Such information about the load situation may be taken into consideration when controlling the operation of the compressor. This means that the pressure of the storage tank may be increased to a higher level at a certain location when the vehicle is fully loaded, but this increase may be cancelled if the vehicle is empty.
  • weight-determining means such as weight sensors or air bellow pressure sensors
  • the present invention provides a vehicle comprising a number of compressed air consuming devices, at least one storage tank for compressed air for selectively supplying compressed air to any of said devices so as to operate the same, a power driven compressor for supplying compressed air to the storage tank, pressure control means for controlling the operation of the compressor so as to maintain the air pressure in the tank substantially at a predetermined first elevated level or value, and position identification means for determining the position of the vehicle, and the vehicle according to the invention is characterised in a control device communicating with the position identification means so as to change the pressure of the compressed air in the storage tank to a predetermined second elevated level or value substantially different from said first level or value in response to receiving from the position identification means an indication to the effect that the vehicle is approaching or has arrived at one of a plurality of predetermined positions and/or positions fulfilling predetermined criteria.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a lorry including compressed air consuming devices
  • Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic side view showing a lorry approaching a steep road slope
  • Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view showing a lorry approaching an industrial area.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the chassis or frame and the driver's cab of a conventional lorry or truck.
  • the lorry comprises a power driven compressor 10 supplying compressed air to air storage tanks 11 and 12 for compressed air.
  • the storage tanks are supplying pressurised air to a plurality of devices operated by compressed air and comprising an air suspension system, which includes a number of air bellows 13.
  • the compressed air consuming devices also comprise a conventional braking system not specifically illustrated in the drawings.
  • the operation of the compressor is controlled to maintain a pressure level in the storage tanks 11 and 12 at about 10.5 bars, or pressure range between 9,5 and 10,5 bars, as long as the velocity of the vehicle or lorry is higher than about 30 km/h and to increase such pressure to about 12 bars, or a range between 11 and 12 bars, when the velocity of the vehicle decreases to a value below 30 km/h in order to be prepared for extreme situations where there is a need of large amount of pressurised air.
  • the maintenance of such high pressure level in the storage tanks 11 and 12 requires high energy consumption, increased wear, and an increased risk of gas/aerosol splitting off from lubricating oil in the compressor as it gets very hot, said gas/aerosol may be detrimental for sealings and gaskets.
  • the pressure level in an air system and thus in the storage tanks are monitored by pressure sensors.
  • These sensors may be electro-mechanical sensors with a built-in hysteresis, or electronic sensors where the control system utilises a hysteresis in order to reduce the number of start/stop-cycles and/or self-oscillation of the compressor.
  • the term pressure level will be used meaning also a pressure range around the intended, predefined pressure level.
  • the pressure range will in this case be substantially smaller than the pressure level itself, e.g. a pressure level of 10,5 bars will include a pressure range of approximately 9,5 to 10,5 bars.
  • the pressure range will be around or below 10% of the maximum pressure level in the system.
  • the operation of the compressor 10 is controlled by an electronic control device 14 which may receive control signals from internal or external sources.
  • the compressor 10 is operated so as to maintain the storage tanks 11 and 12 at a relative low pressure level, which is sufficient to deliver the necessary amount of compressed air to the air consuming devices 13 of the suspension and/or braking systems.
  • a signal may be transmitted to the control device 14, which may then cause the compressor to increase the air pressure in the storage tanks 11 and 12 to a higher level.
  • the lower pressure level used when the need for compressed air is estimated to be relatively low may be about 8 bars, and this level may be increased to 10 or 12 bars, when an increased consumption of compressed air is envisaged.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a situation where a lorry or another heavy vehicle 15 is approaching a steep road slope 16.
  • wireless position indicators such as transponder transceivers 17 may be arranged at opposite sides of the road, and the control device 14 may comprise a wireless position detector, such a transponding position receiver.
  • the control device 14 may cause the compressor 10 to increase the pressure in the tanks 11 and 12 to a higher level.
  • the control device 14 may receive position data from satellites 18 of a global navigation system and combined with map information or topology data stored therein the control devices may decide to instruct the compressor 10 to increase the air pressure in the storage tanks.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a similar situation where the vehicle 15 approaches an industrial area 19.
  • the industrial area there are loading docks 20 where the vehicle may load/unload goods.
  • the industrial area may also include a trailer parking where the vehicle may pick up or park a trailer.
  • the control device 14 may be notified either by position indicators 17 arranged at one or both sides of the road and/or by satellites 18.
  • control device may receive signals from other kinds of external or internal signal sources than those described, such as video cameras, radar systems etc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Document Processing Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

A vehicle (15), such as a lorry or a bus, includes compressed air consuming devices (13) and a power driven compressor (10) to deliver compressed air to at least one storage tank (11, 12). A control device (14) controls the operation of the compressor so as to maintain the air pressure in the tank at a desired pressure level sufficient to operate the air consuming devices, such as a braking system and a suspension system, when needed. The air pressure is usually maintained substantially at a predetermined first elevated level or value. However, based on signals from position identification means (17, 18), such as a global navigation system or other external or internal position identification sources the control device controls the operation of the compressor (10) so as to change the pressure of the air in the storage tank (11,12) to a predetermined second elevated level or value substantially different from said first level or value in response to receiving from the position identification means an indication to the effect that the vehicle (15) is approaching or has arrived at one (16,19) of a plurality of predetermined positions and/or positions fulfilling predetermined criteria.

Description

A VEHICLE INCLUDING COMPRESSED AIR CONSUMING DEVICES AND A METHOD OF OPERATING THE SAME
The present invention relates to a method of operating compressed air systems in vehicles, such as lorries with or without trailers, buses and other heavy vehicles, which include compressed air consuming devices, such as pneumatic braking and suspension systems.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Compressed air systems for such vehicles conventionally comprise a power driven compressor to deliver compressed air to one or more storage tanks from which the air consuming devices are fed. The operation of the compressor is usually controlled by a pressure regulator system maintaining an air pressure within the storage tanks at a rather high level, such as about 10-12 bars, which is considered to be sufficient to meet the need of operating the air consuming devices even in the most demanding situations, such as frequent braking or braking over a prolonged period of time.
The constant use of such high pressure in the storage tank(s) involves several disadvantages. As the compressor's efficiency is lower at higher pressure the energy (fuel) consumption for producing pressurised air will increase. Also the oil carry-over from the lubricating system tends to increase with higher pressure as the temperature inside the compressor rises. The increased temperature also makes the oil carry-over more aggressive to gaskets and sealings in the compressed air system.
The present invention is based on the finding that the high air pressure conventionally used is necessary only in foreseeable or extreme cases, and that a substantially lower pressure is sufficient during a major part of the time in which the vehicle is in use.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
Thus, the present invention provides a method of operating a vehicle system including compressed air consuming devices, said method comprising operating a power driven compressor so as to deliver compressed air to at least one storage tank and so as to maintain the air pressure in the tank substantially at a predetermined first elevated level and selectively supplying compressed air from the compressed air storage tank to any of said devices in order to operate the same, and the method according to the invention is characterised in controlling the operation of the compressor by position identification means so as to change the pressure of the air in the storage tank to a predetermined second elevated level or substantially different from said first level in response to receiving from the position identification means an indication to the effect that the vehicle is approaching or has arrived at one of a plurality of predetermined positions and/or positions fulfilling predetermined criteria.
Said first air pressure level of the storage tank may, for example, be a minimum value or range between two levels and said second elevated level may be a higher value or range between two levels, the operation of the compressor being controlled so as to change the pressure of the air in the storage tank to said second higher value, when the position identification means identifies positions where an increased consumption of compressed air may be foreseen. Thus, said first pressure level may be a minimum pressure level used under normal operating conditions when no excessive consumption of pressurised air by the air consuming devices is expected or foreseen, and said second pressure level may be a higher pressure level enabling the storage tank to deliver the amount of pressurised air required under special conditions at which frequent and/or prolonged operation of one or more of the air consuming devices is expected. As an example the first pressure level may be in the order of 8 bars and the second pressure level may be around 12 bars.
The air pressure system on a truck is sometimes divided in different circuits with different air pressure requirements. This is the case when different air components require different maximum air pressure levels. For example, the braking system requires approximately 8 bars as a maximum pressure level and the air suspension system requires approximately 12 bars as a maximum level. For an unloaded truck, the air suspension pressure may be only 2 bars. When the air suspension does not require a higher pressure level, e.g. when the truck is driven unloaded on a road, there is no need for the air system of the truck to provide a higher pressure level than required by any of the components, in this case by the braking system.
However, in case the vehicle in question is usually operating under conditions with a relatively high consumption of compressed air and less frequent is used under conditions with a relatively low consumption of compressed air, the said first pressure level may be higher than the said second level. It should also be understood that the position identification means may control the operation of the power driven compressor so as to shift between not only two, but three or more different pressure levels. Thus, the foreseeable consumption of compressed air at the predetermined positions and/or positions fulfilling predetermined criteria may be further graduated. The compressed air consuming devices comprises a variety of conventional apparatuses and systems. However, the more important as far as consumption of compressed air is concerned, are braking and/or air suspension systems.
The position identification means may be of any suitable kind being able to indicate when the vehicle is approaching or has arrived at one of a plurality of predetermined positions and/or positions where substantially higher or lower consumption of compressed air may be expected. The indication received from the position indication means may, for example, be based on map data and other information about road topology, drive pattern recognition, traffic information from external sources, sensors located on the vehicle and/or special signals generated by external sources. The information may be received by and processed in an electronic processing system, and based on predetermined criteria this processing system may determine when the air pressure level of the storage tank has to be changed.
In case the vehicle, such as a bus, is travelling regularly on a fixed route, said predetermined positions being selected based on experience. As an example, a plurality of plots of the consumption of pressurised air against the position along the route at different times of the day may be stored and used as a reference. Based on such experience and on the actual position along the level of air pressure of the storage tank may be decided.
There are locations or "predetermined positions" on a road or street where it is obvious that an extra amount of pressurised air will be needed. Examples of such locations or positions are a downhill road section, an entrance to a city area from urban areas, a specific parking location used for coupling and/or uncoupling a trailer and a specific location where the suspension of the vehicle is changed, i.e. the body of the vehicle is elevated or lowered by means of pressurised air. Such "predetermined positions" may be defined by wireless position indicators, which may be arranged at suitable place at a certain distance in advance of such predetermined position, and which may be detected by a position detector installed in the vehicle. The wireless position indicator may, for example, be a transponder transceiver and the position detector installed in the vehicle may be a transponding positioning receiver. For a bus, the predetermined positions may be the stops, where a large amount of air is needed for the buss to lower its floor and then to raise it again before continuing the trip.
However, in a presently preferred embodiment the position identification means comprises a global navigation system which may communicate with a receiver installed in the vehicle, and the operation of the compressor may then be controlled based on the position indication received from the navigation system combined with information about the various positions stored, such as map data, information about topology, steep road slopes, long road slopes, foreseeable traffic volume, and/or density of habitation etc.
The consumption of compressed air is highly dependent on the total weight of the vehicle. Therefore, less air is needed when the vehicle, such as a lorry or truck, is empty than when it is fully loaded. Therefore, the vehicle preferably includes weight-determining means, such as weight sensors or air bellow pressure sensors, for indicating whether the vehicle is empty or loaded. Such information about the load situation may be taken into consideration when controlling the operation of the compressor. This means that the pressure of the storage tank may be increased to a higher level at a certain location when the vehicle is fully loaded, but this increase may be cancelled if the vehicle is empty.
According to a further aspect the present invention provides a vehicle comprising a number of compressed air consuming devices, at least one storage tank for compressed air for selectively supplying compressed air to any of said devices so as to operate the same, a power driven compressor for supplying compressed air to the storage tank, pressure control means for controlling the operation of the compressor so as to maintain the air pressure in the tank substantially at a predetermined first elevated level or value, and position identification means for determining the position of the vehicle, and the vehicle according to the invention is characterised in a control device communicating with the position identification means so as to change the pressure of the compressed air in the storage tank to a predetermined second elevated level or value substantially different from said first level or value in response to receiving from the position identification means an indication to the effect that the vehicle is approaching or has arrived at one of a plurality of predetermined positions and/or positions fulfilling predetermined criteria.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
The invention will now be further described with reference to the figures, wherein
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a lorry including compressed air consuming devices, Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic side view showing a lorry approaching a steep road slope, and Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view showing a lorry approaching an industrial area.
EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the chassis or frame and the driver's cab of a conventional lorry or truck. The lorry comprises a power driven compressor 10 supplying compressed air to air storage tanks 11 and 12 for compressed air. The storage tanks are supplying pressurised air to a plurality of devices operated by compressed air and comprising an air suspension system, which includes a number of air bellows 13. The compressed air consuming devices also comprise a conventional braking system not specifically illustrated in the drawings.
Conventionally, the operation of the compressor is controlled to maintain a pressure level in the storage tanks 11 and 12 at about 10.5 bars, or pressure range between 9,5 and 10,5 bars, as long as the velocity of the vehicle or lorry is higher than about 30 km/h and to increase such pressure to about 12 bars, or a range between 11 and 12 bars, when the velocity of the vehicle decreases to a value below 30 km/h in order to be prepared for extreme situations where there is a need of large amount of pressurised air. The maintenance of such high pressure level in the storage tanks 11 and 12 requires high energy consumption, increased wear, and an increased risk of gas/aerosol splitting off from lubricating oil in the compressor as it gets very hot, said gas/aerosol may be detrimental for sealings and gaskets.
The pressure level in an air system and thus in the storage tanks are monitored by pressure sensors. These sensors may be electro-mechanical sensors with a built-in hysteresis, or electronic sensors where the control system utilises a hysteresis in order to reduce the number of start/stop-cycles and/or self-oscillation of the compressor. Because of this, the term pressure level will be used meaning also a pressure range around the intended, predefined pressure level. The pressure range will in this case be substantially smaller than the pressure level itself, e.g. a pressure level of 10,5 bars will include a pressure range of approximately 9,5 to 10,5 bars. Depending on the used sensors, the pressure range will be around or below 10% of the maximum pressure level in the system.
In the embodiment of the present invention the operation of the compressor 10 is controlled by an electronic control device 14 which may receive control signals from internal or external sources. According to the invention the compressor 10 is operated so as to maintain the storage tanks 11 and 12 at a relative low pressure level, which is sufficient to deliver the necessary amount of compressed air to the air consuming devices 13 of the suspension and/or braking systems. However, when an actual or potential situation requiring a substantially increased consumption of compressed air is foreseen by the internal or external sources a signal may be transmitted to the control device 14, which may then cause the compressor to increase the air pressure in the storage tanks 11 and 12 to a higher level. As an example, the lower pressure level used when the need for compressed air is estimated to be relatively low may be about 8 bars, and this level may be increased to 10 or 12 bars, when an increased consumption of compressed air is envisaged. Fig. 2 illustrates a situation where a lorry or another heavy vehicle 15 is approaching a steep road slope 16. In this case wireless position indicators, such as transponder transceivers 17 may be arranged at opposite sides of the road, and the control device 14 may comprise a wireless position detector, such a transponding position receiver. When the position detector of the control device receives a signal from the position indicators 17 indicating that the vehicle is approaching a steep road slope 16 the control device 14 may cause the compressor 10 to increase the pressure in the tanks 11 and 12 to a higher level. Alternatively or additionally the control device 14 may receive position data from satellites 18 of a global navigation system and combined with map information or topology data stored therein the control devices may decide to instruct the compressor 10 to increase the air pressure in the storage tanks.
Fig. 3 illustrates a similar situation where the vehicle 15 approaches an industrial area 19. In the industrial area, there are loading docks 20 where the vehicle may load/unload goods. The industrial area may also include a trailer parking where the vehicle may pick up or park a trailer. Also in this case the control device 14 may be notified either by position indicators 17 arranged at one or both sides of the road and/or by satellites 18.
It should be understood that numerous modifications and changes of the embodiments described above may be made within the scope of the appended claims. As an example the control device may receive signals from other kinds of external or internal signal sources than those described, such as video cameras, radar systems etc.

Claims

1. A method of operating a vehicle system including compressed air consuming devices (13), said method comprising:
- operating a power driven compressor (10) so as to deliver compressed air to at least one storage tank (11, 12) and so as to maintain the air pressure in the tank substantially at a predetermined first elevated level or value and
- selectively supplying compressed air from the compressed air storage tank (11,12) to any of said devices (13) in order to operate the same,
characterised in
- controlling the operation of the compressor (10) by position identification means (17, 18) so as to change the pressure of the air in the storage tank (11,12) to a predetermined second elevated level or value substantially different from said first level or value in response to receiving from the position identification means an indication to the effect that the vehicle (15) is approaching or has arrived at one (16,19) of a plurality of predetermined positions and/or positions fulfilling predetermined criteria.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said first elevated level is a minimum value and said second elevated level is a higher value, the operation of the compressor being controlled so as to change the pressure of the air in the storage tank to said second higher value, when the position identification means identifies positions where an increased consumption of compressed air may be foreseen.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the compressed air consuming devices comprise braking and/or air suspension systems (13).
4. A method according to any of the claims 1-3, wherein the vehicle system is installed in a vehicle travelling regularly on a fixed route, said predetermined positions being selected based on experience.
5. A method according to any of the claims 1-4, wherein said predetermined positions are defined by wireless position indicators (17) which may be detected by a position detector installed in the vehicle.
6. A method according to any of the claims 1-3, wherein the position identification means comprises a global navigation system (18).
7. A method according to any of the claims 1-6, wherein said predetermined criteria comprises steep road slopes (16), long road slopes, foreseeable traffic volume, and/or density of habitation (19).
8. A vehicle comprising
a number of compressed air consuming devices (13), at least one storage tank 11,12) for compressed air for selectively supplying compressed air to any of said devices so as to operate the same, a power driven compressor (10) for supplying compressed air to the storage tank, pressure control means (14) for controlling the operation of the compressor so as to maintain the air pressure in the tank substantially at a predetermined first elevated level or value, and position identification means (17,18) for determining the position of the vehicle (15),
characterised in
a control device (10) communicating with the position identification means (17,18) so as to change the pressure of the compressed air in the storage tank (11,12) to a predetermined second elevated level or value substantially different from said first level or value in response to receiving from the position identification means an indication to the effect that the vehicle is approaching or has arrived at one (16,19) of a plurality of predetermined positions and/or positions fulfilling predetermined criteria.
9. A vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the control device (14) comprises a wireless receiver for communicating with a global navigation system (18).
10. A vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the control device comprises a wireless position detector, such as a transponding positioning receiver, adapted to communicate with wireless position indicators, such as transponder transceivers (17), positioned at or adjacent to said predetermined positions (16,19).
11. A vehicle according to any of the claims 8-10, further comprising weight determining means, such as weight sensors or air bellow pressure sensors, communicating with the control device so as to inform about the load of the vehicle, the control means being adapted to take such information in consideration when controlling the operation of the compressor.
PCT/SE2005/001861 2004-12-30 2005-12-08 A vehicle including compressed air consuming devices and a method of operating the same WO2006071170A1 (en)

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EP05812871A EP1834096B1 (en) 2004-12-30 2005-12-08 A vehicle including compressed air consuming devices and a method of operating the same
BRPI0519693-0A BRPI0519693B1 (en) 2004-12-30 2005-12-08 METHOD OF OPERATING A VEHICLE SYSTEM INCLUDING COMPRESSED AIR AND VEHICLE CONSUMPTION DEVICES
US11/720,655 US20090232668A1 (en) 2004-12-30 2005-12-08 Vehicle including compressed air consuming devices and a method of operating the same
AT05812871T ATE556222T1 (en) 2004-12-30 2005-12-08 VEHICLE HAVING COMPRESSED AIR CONSUMER DEVICES AND METHOD FOR OPERATING THE SAME

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SE0403225A SE0403225L (en) 2004-12-30 2004-12-30 Vehicles comprising compressed air consuming devices and method of operating the same
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DE102021134382A1 (en) 2021-12-22 2023-06-22 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH Method for operating a compressed air generating device of a pneumatic brake system
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20090232668A1 (en) 2009-09-17
SE527863C2 (en) 2006-06-27
BRPI0519693A2 (en) 2009-03-03
SE0403225L (en) 2006-06-27
WO2006071170A8 (en) 2006-12-07
BRPI0519693B1 (en) 2018-06-12
EP1834096A4 (en) 2011-04-13
EP1834096A1 (en) 2007-09-19
EP1834096B1 (en) 2012-05-02
SE0403225D0 (en) 2004-12-30
ATE556222T1 (en) 2012-05-15

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