WO2006067375A1 - Commande de frequence avec prevention des surcharges de memoire tampon de decodage - Google Patents

Commande de frequence avec prevention des surcharges de memoire tampon de decodage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006067375A1
WO2006067375A1 PCT/GB2005/004718 GB2005004718W WO2006067375A1 WO 2006067375 A1 WO2006067375 A1 WO 2006067375A1 GB 2005004718 W GB2005004718 W GB 2005004718W WO 2006067375 A1 WO2006067375 A1 WO 2006067375A1
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Prior art keywords
frames
frame
segment
value
stream
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PCT/GB2005/004718
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English (en)
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Othon Kamariotis
Rory Stewart Turnbull
Roberto Alvarez Arevalo
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British Telecommunications Public Limited Company
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Publication of WO2006067375A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006067375A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/23406—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving management of server-side video buffer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/124—Quantisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/132—Sampling, masking or truncation of coding units, e.g. adaptive resampling, frame skipping, frame interpolation or high-frequency transform coefficient masking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/146—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output
    • H04N19/149—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output by estimating the code amount by means of a model, e.g. mathematical model or statistical model
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/146—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output
    • H04N19/15—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output by monitoring actual compressed data size at the memory before deciding storage at the transmission buffer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
    • H04N19/172—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a picture, frame or field
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/189—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/192—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type being iterative or recursive
    • H04N19/194—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type being iterative or recursive involving only two passes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/189—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/196—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding being specially adapted for the computation of encoding parameters, e.g. by averaging previously computed encoding parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/189—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/196—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding being specially adapted for the computation of encoding parameters, e.g. by averaging previously computed encoding parameters
    • H04N19/198—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding being specially adapted for the computation of encoding parameters, e.g. by averaging previously computed encoding parameters including smoothing of a sequence of encoding parameters, e.g. by averaging, by choice of the maximum, minimum or median value
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/587—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal sub-sampling or interpolation, e.g. decimation or subsequent interpolation of pictures in a video sequence
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/236—Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream
    • H04N21/2368—Multiplexing of audio and video streams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/4302—Content synchronisation processes, e.g. decoder synchronisation
    • H04N21/4305—Synchronising client clock from received content stream, e.g. locking decoder clock with encoder clock, extraction of the PCR packets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/434—Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
    • H04N21/4341—Demultiplexing of audio and video streams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/44004—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving video buffer management, e.g. video decoder buffer or video display buffer

Definitions

  • Figure 5 illustrates the quantisation values generated by the process, for an illustrative sequence of frames
  • Figure 1 represents the operations performed in carrying out the invention as a series of functional elements. It will be understood that these operations may be performed by a microprocessor, and that the physical components are not necessarily distinct. In particular, similar processes shown as operating in parallel or sequentially 10,
  • the video encoder 1 comprises a number of functional elements.
  • the encoder 1 processes the data retrieved from the database 4 using a 'two-pass' process. Firstly, the entire sequence is parsed (10, 11 , 12, 13). From these results, the sequence is split (14) into a number of segments and statistics are stored (15) for those segments. Data from the encoding process is used to generate a general relationship between bit rate and quantisation level (16) and an optimum quantisation level is then identified 17 for each segment. This value is modified by a smoothing process 18. Using these statistics, a final bit-stream (or multiple bit-streams) with 'VBR' characteristics can be generated in a second pass 19. The statistics can also be used to prevent 'buffer-overflow' and 'underflow'.
  • the R-Q function is applicable to multiple streams of variable bit rates so it is referred to below as the 'Multi-Stream Rate Control (MRC)' function. It may be determined (process 16) as follows. In this embodiment two mathematical models are used, as experimental results have shown that they are accurate over different ranges of Q.
  • MRC Multi-Stream Rate Control
  • this check is performed for every frame. More typically, this value is set equal to the target frame rate. For example, if the target frame rate for a video sequence to be encoded is 15 frames/sec, S is set at a value of 15, so, the check will take place every 15 frames. In the example shown in Figure 3, the entire sequence has a length of 49 frames, and it has been dynamically separated into four individual segments Wn. Of course, in another example, there may be a smaller or larger number of segments Wn, depending on the content, and on the value of the threshold (A), set at the beginning of the encoding process.
  • Figure 2 shows a typical trace of 'Average Bits/frame(R)' in the 'y-axis', versus 'Frame No (N) 1 in the 'x-axis'.
  • Qn and QR are the values generated by the optimiser 17, but QL is the value resulting from the smoothing process when applied to the previous segment. In its turn, QR will be revised, using for the preceding segment the value of Qn' that is about to be generated).
  • This invention allows buffer underflow to be avoided by modification to the tramnsmitted signal before the actual transmission of the clip.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Algebra (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)

Abstract

Un flux vidéo a été codé sous forme numérique de façon que la fréquence à laquelle des segments particuliers de données sont codés varie en fonction de la quantité de données requise pour générer chaque segment. Au niveau du décodeur (2), des trames sont effacées du flux de manière sélective de sorte que la fréquence de trame cumulée ne soit pas inférieure à une valeur prédéterminée. Ce processus peut servir à garantir qu'une mémoire tampon (6) associée au décodeur (2) ne soit pas surchargée. La sélection des trames destinées à être effacées permet de préserver l'intégrité des trames restantes. Le décodeur (2) est adapté de manière à identifier les endroits où les trames ont été omises dans la transmission décodée, et à effectuer une resynchronisation (7) sur le flux décodé en comparant les estampilles temporelles du flux vidéo et d'un flux audio correspondant. L'on peut réaliser la resynchronisation en allongeant la durée de trames particulières ou en répétant des trames.
PCT/GB2005/004718 2004-12-22 2005-12-08 Commande de frequence avec prevention des surcharges de memoire tampon de decodage WO2006067375A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0428156.4 2004-12-22
GB0428156A GB0428156D0 (en) 2004-12-22 2004-12-22 Buffer overflow prevention

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006067374A1 (fr) 2004-12-22 2006-06-29 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Commande de debit avec prevention de prevention de soupassement de capacite de memoire tampon
CN100463526C (zh) * 2006-12-11 2009-02-18 陈耀武 视频延时自适应矫正的解码装置
FR2936926A1 (fr) * 2008-10-06 2010-04-09 Thales Sa Systeme et procede de determination de parametres de codage
CN103701634A (zh) * 2013-12-10 2014-04-02 广州华多网络科技有限公司 一种传输多媒体数据的方法及装置
WO2020112697A1 (fr) * 2018-11-28 2020-06-04 Netflix, Inc. Techniques pour le codage d'un titre multimédia tout en limitant les variations du debit
WO2020112696A1 (fr) * 2018-11-28 2020-06-04 Netflix, Inc. Techniques permettant de coder un titre multimédia tout en limitant les variations de la qualité
CN116320536A (zh) * 2023-05-16 2023-06-23 瀚博半导体(上海)有限公司 视频处理方法、装置、计算机设备及计算机可读存储介质

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US20030067981A1 (en) * 2001-03-05 2003-04-10 Lifeng Zhao Systems and methods for performing bit rate allocation for a video data stream

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US20030067981A1 (en) * 2001-03-05 2003-04-10 Lifeng Zhao Systems and methods for performing bit rate allocation for a video data stream

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WEI DING: "JOINT ENCODER AND CHANNEL RATE CONTROL OF VBR VIDEO OVER ATM NETWORKS", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY, IEEE SERVICE CENTER, PISCATAWAY, NJ, US, vol. 7, no. 2, April 1997 (1997-04-01), pages 266 - 278, XP000687646, ISSN: 1051-8215 *
WILLEBEEK-LEMAIR M H ET AL: "VIDEOCONFERENCING OVER PACKET-BASED NETWORKS", IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS, IEEE SERVICE CENTER, PISCATAWAY, NJ, US, vol. 15, no. 6, August 1997 (1997-08-01), pages 1101 - 1114, XP000694456, ISSN: 0733-8716 *

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006067374A1 (fr) 2004-12-22 2006-06-29 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Commande de debit avec prevention de prevention de soupassement de capacite de memoire tampon
CN100463526C (zh) * 2006-12-11 2009-02-18 陈耀武 视频延时自适应矫正的解码装置
FR2936926A1 (fr) * 2008-10-06 2010-04-09 Thales Sa Systeme et procede de determination de parametres de codage
WO2010040715A1 (fr) * 2008-10-06 2010-04-15 Thales Systeme et procede de determination de parametres de codage
US8798144B2 (en) 2008-10-06 2014-08-05 Thales System and method for determining encoding parameters
CN103701634A (zh) * 2013-12-10 2014-04-02 广州华多网络科技有限公司 一种传输多媒体数据的方法及装置
WO2020112697A1 (fr) * 2018-11-28 2020-06-04 Netflix, Inc. Techniques pour le codage d'un titre multimédia tout en limitant les variations du debit
WO2020112696A1 (fr) * 2018-11-28 2020-06-04 Netflix, Inc. Techniques permettant de coder un titre multimédia tout en limitant les variations de la qualité
US10841356B2 (en) 2018-11-28 2020-11-17 Netflix, Inc. Techniques for encoding a media title while constraining bitrate variations
US10880354B2 (en) 2018-11-28 2020-12-29 Netflix, Inc. Techniques for encoding a media title while constraining quality variations
US11196791B2 (en) 2018-11-28 2021-12-07 Netflix, Inc. Techniques for encoding a media title while constraining quality variations
US11196790B2 (en) 2018-11-28 2021-12-07 Netflix, Inc. Techniques for encoding a media title while constraining quality variations
US11677797B2 (en) 2018-11-28 2023-06-13 Netflix, Inc. Techniques for encoding a media title while constraining quality variations
CN116320536A (zh) * 2023-05-16 2023-06-23 瀚博半导体(上海)有限公司 视频处理方法、装置、计算机设备及计算机可读存储介质

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