WO2006058475A1 - Procede de protection de la difference longitudinale d'un transformateur a frein du rapport sequence nulle - Google Patents

Procede de protection de la difference longitudinale d'un transformateur a frein du rapport sequence nulle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006058475A1
WO2006058475A1 PCT/CN2005/001492 CN2005001492W WO2006058475A1 WO 2006058475 A1 WO2006058475 A1 WO 2006058475A1 CN 2005001492 W CN2005001492 W CN 2005001492W WO 2006058475 A1 WO2006058475 A1 WO 2006058475A1
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Prior art keywords
current
zero
braking
transformer
sequence
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PCT/CN2005/001492
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English (en)
French (fr)
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Xidong Xu
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Priority claimed from CNB200410084764XA external-priority patent/CN100367606C/zh
Priority claimed from CNB2004100847635A external-priority patent/CN100367605C/zh
Priority claimed from CNB2004100847654A external-priority patent/CN100367607C/zh
Application filed by Zhejiang University ZJU filed Critical Zhejiang University ZJU
Publication of WO2006058475A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006058475A1/zh
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/04Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for transformers

Definitions

  • the present invention pertains to the differential protection of a transformer, and more particularly to a transformer differential protection method with zero sequence ratio braking. Background technique
  • the power transformer longitudinal differential protection currently used consists of two parts: differential fast breaking and ratio differential.
  • the power transformer consists of three phases A, B, and C.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram of the protection of one phase. It can be seen from Fig. 1 that the ratio difference is composed of ratio braking, magnetizing inrush current detection, and overexcitation detecting unit. The output of the inrush current and overexcitation detecting unit is connected to the "AND gate" through the inverter, and the output of the proportional braking is performed. Brake.
  • the differential protection utilizes the current transformer to ⁇ /convert the three-phase current of the ⁇ 0 side (ie, the transformer star line side where the neutral point is directly grounded) to eliminate the influence of the zero sequence current.
  • each current does not contain the zero sequence component of the primary current.
  • These currents are balanced by the intermediate current transformers TAM1 to TAM6, and the phase currents of the same name are added to obtain a three-phase differential current.
  • the currents flowing through the three differential coils Wd are A, B, and C three-phase differential currents; the same-name phase currents are combined in other ways to obtain three-phase braking current.
  • Wresl ⁇ Wres3 are the braking coils on each side, respectively, taking the maximum current in the three braking coils of the same phase as the braking current, or filtering the currents in the three braking coils of the same phase and weighting and summing them to obtain the phase.
  • the braking current thus obtained can only represent the magnitude of the passing current.
  • Another type of transformer longitudinal differential protection is the case where the Yo-side current transformer is fully star-shaped. At this time, ⁇ / ⁇ conversion is performed on the Y fl side three-phase secondary current in the protection device, or the Y G side three-phase secondary current is respectively subtracted from the zero sequence current, and the ⁇ side secondary current is ⁇ / ⁇ transform, in accordance with this to eliminate the impact of zero-sequence current. It can be seen that, after these transformations are balanced by the respective sides, the differential current obtained by adding the same name phase and the braking current obtained by other combinations also do not include the zero sequence component in the primary current, wherein the braking current is only Can represent the size of the current.
  • the problem is: When the transformer has an out-of-zone ground fault on the Yo side and only the side has a power supply, a large zero-sequence fault current will appear on the ⁇ side, but the fault current does not pass through the transformer. If the Y G side three-phase current transformers have inconsistent transmission errors, the secondary currents are not equal after the three-phase zero-sequence currents on the primary side are converted by the three-phase current transformer.
  • the above-mentioned conventional Y Q side three-phase current transformation The method does not completely eliminate the effects of zero-sequence current and will generate an unbalanced current in the differential loop.
  • the invention is directed to the problem that the existing three-phase current conversion method of the existing transformer longitudinal differential protection technology cannot completely eliminate the influence of the zero-sequence current, and the transformer longitudinal differential protection method with zero-sequence ratio braking is provided. It performs the weighted summation of the braking current representing the passing current and the zero-sequence current of the transformer by the common transformer differential protection to form the braking current of the phase containing the zero-sequence current, and the braking current with the zero-sequence current of the phase is used.
  • the phase differential current is realized by the ratio braking unit. When the differential current is greater than the braking current containing the zero sequence current and greater than the minimum operating current, the action signal of the corresponding ratio braking unit is output. When the three-phase current transformer error is inconsistent, the transformer differential protection malfunction caused by the ground fault outside the side area can be completely avoided.
  • the invention also includes weighting the summation process with the maximum of the respective zero-sequence currents in the case of a plurality of transformers, and processing the weighted summation values of the respective zero-sequence currents.
  • the invention relates to a transformer longitudinal differential protection method with zero-sequence ratio braking, which is characterized in that: using a conventional transformer longitudinal differential protection, a braking current representing a passing current and a transformer zero-sequence current are weighted and summed to form a zero-containing
  • the braking current of the sequence current and the differential current of the corresponding phase constitute a ratio braking unit of the phase, and the ratio braking unit forms a ratio differential protection together with the magnetizing inrush current detecting and the overexcitation detecting unit; when the differential current When the braking current is greater than the zero-sequence current and greater than the minimum operating current, the action signal of the comparison rate braking unit is output; the ratio action relationship of the braking unit with the zero-sequence ratio is -
  • I d, Iz are the differential current of any one of the three phases of the transformer differential protection and the braking current representing the crossing current of the phase
  • 31 ⁇ is the zero-sequence current of the Yo side (ie, the sum of the three-phase currents of the ⁇ side)
  • Kz is the ratio braking coefficient of the ratio braking unit in the common differential protection, Ko zero-sequence braking coefficient.
  • the ratio braking coefficient ⁇ of the ratio braking element in the differential protection is commonly used, and its value 0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1. '
  • the zero sequence braking coefficient ⁇ is set to 0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1/3.
  • the braking current representing the zero-sequence current of the phase is formed by weighting and summing the braking current representing the current through the transformer and the zero-sequence current of the Yo side of the transformer, and the braking current with the zero-sequence current and the corresponding phase differential current are used to constitute the braking current.
  • the action signal of the comparison rate braking unit is output.
  • the weighted summation values of the zero-sequence currents of each Yo side or the weighted summation values of the zero-sequence currents of each Yo side are obtained by weighted summation with the braking current of the conventional representative crossing current.
  • the braking current of the zero-sequence current is used to form the braking unit with the corresponding phase differential current.
  • the transformer longitudinal differential protection malfunction caused by the ground fault outside the Yo side area can be completely avoided when the three-phase current transformer error is inconsistent, and the differential caused by the zero sequence current under other non-internal fault conditions can also be prevented.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram of a conventional transformer differential protection.
  • Figure 2 is a wiring diagram of the conventional transformer differential protection principle.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit block diagram of a transformer differential protection ratio braking unit with zero sequence ratio braking according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit block diagram of another transformer differential protection ratio braking unit with zero sequence ratio braking according to the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a circuit block diagram of a transformer differential protection ratio braking unit of the present invention with maximum side zero sequence ratio braking.
  • Fig. 6 is a circuit block diagram of another transformer differential protection ratio braking unit with maximum side zero sequence ratio braking according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a circuit block diagram of a transformer differential protection ratio braking unit with multi-side zero sequence ratio braking according to the present invention.
  • 8 is a circuit block diagram of another transformer differential protection ratio braking unit with multi-side zero sequence ratio braking according to the present invention.
  • the transformer longitudinal differential protection method with zero sequence ratio braking of the present invention can be realized by the circuit block diagram of the transformer differential protection ratio braking unit with zero sequence braking shown in FIG.
  • the unit is connected to the "AND" gate of the ratio braking unit in Fig. 1, and together with the magnetizing inrush current detection and overexcitation detecting unit constitutes a ratio differential protection (the same applies hereinafter).
  • the unit consists of multipliers Al, Bl, CI and multipliers 2, adders A3, B3, C3 and comparators A4, B4, C4.
  • the output of the multiplier 2 is connected to the other input of the adders A3, B3, C3 respectively; the filtered three-phase differential current signals Ida, Idb, Idc are respectively input to the comparator
  • the positive input terminals of A4, B4 and C4 have their negative input terminals connected to the output terminals of adders A3, B3 and C3 respectively, and the output terminals respectively output ratio differential action signals of B and C phases.
  • the comparator When the differential current is greater than the braking current with zero sequence current, the comparator outputs a ratio differential action signal for the corresponding phase.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit block diagram showing another method of a transformer differential protection ratio braking unit with zero sequence braking.
  • the unit is composed of subtractors A11, B11, Cl1, multipliers A12, B12, C12 and multipliers 2, adders A13, B13, C13, A3, B3, C3 and comparators A4, B4, C4.
  • the positive input terminals of the subtractors All, B11 and Cl l are respectively connected to the filtered braking current signals Iza, Izb and Izc representing the traversing current in the transformer longitudinal differential protection, and the negative input terminals are respectively connected to the transformer longitudinal differential protection.
  • the braking inflection point current value Ireso 1.
  • the output end is connected to the other input of the adders A3, B3, C3;
  • the positive input terminals of the comparators A4, B4, and C4 respectively input the filtered three-phase differential current signals Ida, Idb, and Idc, and the negative input terminals are respectively connected to the output ends of the adders A3, B3, and C3, and the output ends thereof are respectively The ratio differential action signals of the A, B, and C phases are output.
  • the comparator When the differential current is greater than the braking current with zero sequence current, the comparator outputs a ratio differential action signal for the corresponding phase.
  • Example 3 Example 3:
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the transformer differential protection ratio braking unit with maximum side zero sequence ratio braking.
  • the unit consists of a maximum value circuit ⁇ , multipliers A1, Bl, CI and multipliers 2, adders A3, B3, C3 and comparators A4, B4, C.
  • the input end of the maximum value circuit Mo is respectively connected to the grounded side (or branch) of the neutral point of the transformer, and the filtered zero sequence current signals 3I 1() and 3I 2 are respectively connected.
  • the comparator When the differential current is greater than the braking current with the maximum side zero sequence current, the comparator outputs a ratio differential action signal for the corresponding phase.
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit block diagram showing another method of a transformer differential protection ratio braking unit with maximum side zero sequence ratio braking.
  • the unit consists of a maximum value circuit ⁇ , a subtractor All, Bl l, Cl l, multipliers A12, B12, C12 and multipliers 2, adders A13, B13, C13, A3, B3, C3 and comparators A4, B4 And C4. among them
  • the positive input terminals of the subtractors All, B11 and C11 are respectively connected to the filtered braking current signals Iza, Izb and Izc representing the traversing current in the transformer longitudinal differential protection, and the negative input terminals are respectively connected to the transformer longitudinal differential protection system.
  • the inflection point current value Ireso 1.
  • the input terminals of the comparators A4, B4, and C4 respectively input the filtered three-phase differential current signals Ida, Idb, and Idc, and the negative input terminals are respectively connected to the output ends of the adders A3, B3, and 'C3.
  • the comparator When the differential current is greater than the braking current with zero sequence current, the comparator outputs a ratio differential action signal for the corresponding phase.
  • FIG. 7 is a circuit block diagram of a method for a transformer differential protection ratio braking unit with multi-side zero-sequence ratio braking.
  • the unit consists of multipliers A1, Bl, Cl, 01, 02, 03 and multiplier 2, adders A3, B3, C3, P0 and comparators A4, B4, C4.
  • the output terminals are respectively connected to one input terminal of the adders A3, B3, C3; one input end of the multipliers 01, 02, 03 is respectively connected to the neutral grounding side (or branch) of the transformer, after filtering
  • the output terminals are respectively connected to the other input terminals of the adders A3, B3, C3; the positive input terminals of the comparators A4, B4, C4 respectively input the filtered three-phase differential current signals Ida, Idb, Idc, the input of the negative input and the adders A3, B3, C3
  • the output terminals are connected, and the output terminals of the A, B, and C phases output differential action signals.
  • n 3 is the number of grounded sides (or the number of branches) of the neutral point of the transformer.
  • the comparator When the differential current is greater than the braking current with zero sequence current, the comparator outputs a ratio differential action signal for the corresponding phase.
  • FIG. 8 is a circuit block diagram showing another method of a transformer differential protection ratio braking unit with multi-side zero-sequence ratio braking.
  • the unit is composed of subtractors All, B11, Cl l, multipliers A12, B12, C12, 01, 02, 03 and multipliers 2, adders A13, B13, C13, P0, A3, B3, C3 and comparator A4, B4, C4 constitutes.
  • the positive input terminals of the subtractors Al l, Bl l and Cl l are respectively connected to the filtered braking current signals Iza, Izb and Izc representing the traversing current in the transformer longitudinal differential protection, and the negative input terminals are respectively connected to the transformer longitudinal difference.
  • the braking inflection point current value Ireso 1.
  • the output terminals are respectively connected to the other input terminals of the adders A3, B3, C3; the positive input terminals of the comparators A4, B4, C4 respectively input the filtered three-phase differential current signals Ida, Idb, Idc, the negative input terminal is connected to the output terminals of the adders A3, B3, and C3, respectively, and the output terminals respectively output the ratio differential action signals of the A, B, and C phases.
  • n 3 is the number of grounded sides (or the number of branches) of the neutral point of the transformer.
  • the comparator When the differential current is greater than the braking current with zero sequence current, the comparator outputs a ratio differential action signal for the corresponding phase.
  • the ratio of the differential line can be achieved, but the origin is the same, that is, the ratio braking coefficient K Z -S* (1 -Ireso/Iz) + Iopmin/Iz, and the ratio braking coefficient K z changes with the braking current. It can completely avoid the misalignment of the transformer differential protection caused by the ground fault outside the Yo side zone when the three-phase current transformer error is inconsistent, and can also prevent the differential unbalance current caused by the zero sequence current under other non-internal fault conditions. The transformer differential protection malfunctions and does not affect the correct operation of the differential protection in the case of faults in the area.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Protection Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Description

一种带零序比率制动的变压器纵差保护方法
技术领域
本发明属于变压器的差动保护, 具体地说是一种带零序比率制动的变压器纵差保 护方法。 背景技术
目前采用的电力变压器纵差保护由差动速断与比率差动两个部分构成。 依据中华 人民共和国电力行业标准 DL/T684-1999《大型发电机变压器继电保护整定计算导则》 (26页), 变压器纵差保护框图、 纵差保护原理接线示例, 如图 1、 图 2所示。 电力变 压器由 A、 B、 C三相构成, 图 1为一相的保护框图。 从图 1可知: 比率差动又由比 率制动、 励磁涌流检测、 过励磁检测单元构成, 涌流与过励磁检测单元的输出经反向 器后连到"与门", 对比率制动的输出进行制动。 从图 2可知: 纵差保护利用了电流互 感器对丫0侧 (即中性点直接接地的变压器星型接线侧)三相电流进行 Υ/ 变换, 以 消除零序电流的影响。 经过变换之后, 各电流已不包含一次电流中的零序分量。 这些 电流经中间电流互感器 TAM1〜TAM6调平衡,各同名相电流相加得到三相差动电流。 如: 三个差动线圈 Wd中流过的电流分别为 A、 B、 C三相差动电流; 同名相电流再进 行其它方式组合得到三相制动电流。 Wresl〜Wres3分别为各侧的制动线圈, 取出同一 相三个制动线圈中的最大电流作为制动电流, 或者对同一相三个制动线圈中的电流滤 波后进行加权求和得到该相的制动电流。 如此获得的制动电流只能代表穿越电流的大 小。
变压器纵差保护方式中存在的另外一种是 Yo侧电流互感器为全星型接线的情况。 此时, 在保护装置内对 Yfl侧三相二次电流进行 Υ/ Δ变换, 或者将 YG侧三相二次电流 分别减去零序电流的同时,对 Δ侧二次电流进行 Δ /Υ变换,依此消除零序电流的影响。 可见, 通^:这些变换并经各侧调平衡后, 由同名相相加得到的差动电流及通过其它组 合得到的制动电流同样不包含一次电流中的零序分量, 其中制动电流只能代表穿越电 流的大小。
问题在于: 当变压器在 Yo侧发生区外接地故障且只有该侧有电源时, Υο侧将出 现很大的零序故障电流,但该故障电流并未穿越变压器。若 YG侧三相电流互感器传变 误差不一致时, 在一次侧三相相等的零序电流经三相电流互感器变换后, 二次电流不 相等,上述传统的 YQ侧三相电流变换方法不能完全消除零序电流的影响,将在差动回 路产生不平衡电流。 又因为此时无故障电流穿越变压器, 由上述传统方法获得的制动 电流很小, 不会超过故障前的制动电流, 只要差动回路产生的不平衡电流超过差动门 槛, 变压器纵差保护将发生误动。简言之, 由于 YQ侧零序故障电流的存在, 将导致差 动回路产生不平衡电流, 在没有相应的制动电流对其进行制动时, 将使得变压器纵差 保护误动作的可能性大为提高, 使电力变压器纵差保护的选择性要求得不到满足。 发明内容
本发明是针对现有变压器纵差保护技术中客观存在的 Υο侧三相电流变换方法不能 完全消除零序电流影响的问题, 而提供的带零序比率制动的变压器纵差保护方法。 它通 过常用变压器纵差保护中代表穿越电流的制动电流与变压器 Υο侧零序电流进行加权求 和构成该相含零序电流的制动电流,用该相含零序电流的制动电流与该相差动电流构成 该相比率制动单元来实现。当差动电流大于含零序电流的制动电流且大于最小动作电流 时, 输出相应相比率制动单元的动作信号。 在三相电流互感器误差不一致时, 可完全避 免因 Υο侧区外接地故障而导致的变压器纵差保护误动。
本发明也包括在变压器带多个 Υο侧情况下用各 Υο侧零序电流中的最大值进行加权 求和处理, 和用各 Υο侧零序电流的加权求和值做相应处理。
本发明的一种带零序比率制动的变压器纵差保护方法, 其特征在于: 利用传统变压 器纵差保护中代表穿越电流的制动电流与变压器 Υο侧零序电流进行加权求和构成含零 序电流的制动电流, 将其与对应相的差动电流构成该相的比率制动单元, 此比率制动单 元与励磁涌流检测、 过励磁检测单元一起构成比率差动保护; 当差动电流大于含零序电 流的制动电流且大于最小动作电流时, 输出该相比率制动单元的动作信号; 带零序量比 率制动单元的比率动作依据关系为-
I d > Kz * I ζ + Κο * 3 I ο
式中 I d、 Iz为变压器纵差保护三相中任意一相的差动电流与代表该相穿越电流的制 动电流, 31ο为 Yo侧零序电流 (即 Υο侧三相电流之和), Kz为常用纵差保护中比率 制动单元的比率制动系数, Ko为零序制动系数。
上述本发明的方法, 当变压器存在多个 Yo侧时, 31ο 的表达式为:
3 I 0= (3 I io、 3 I 20、 3 I no) max
式中 3 I 1Q、 3120, …… 3 I n。分别为各 Yo侧的零序电流, 并且与三相差动电流归算 到同一侧, (31 !。、 3120, …… 3In。) max为各 Yo侧的零序电流中的最大值。
上述本发明的方法, 当变压器存在多个 Yo侧时, 31ο 的表达式为:
3 I o = 3 I toXkio+ 3 I 20Xk2o + + 3InoXkn0
式中 3I1()、 3 I 2。、 …… 3 In。分别为各 Y。侧的零序电流, k1Q、 k2。、 …… kn。为预先设 定的权值, (3 1 ^X1^。+ 3 I 20X k20 + …… + 3 I noXkn0) 为各 Yo侧的零序电流的加 权求和值, 当零序电流与三相差动电流归算到同一侧及权值在 0< (k1Q、 k2。、…… kn0) 1的情况下, 整定值 (K)为 0<Κ< 1/3。
根据上述本发明的方法,常用纵差保护中比率制动 元的比率制动系数 Κζ,其值 0<Κζ< 1。 '
根据上述本发明的方法, 在零序电流与三相差动电流、三相制动电流归算到同一 侧的情况下, 零序制动系数 Κο整定范围为 0<Κο < 1/3。
本发明的有益效果是:
首次提出在传统变压器纵差保护的比率制动单元的制动电流中, 添加零序制动电 流。 并通过代表穿趟电流的制动电流与变压器 Yo侧零序电流进行加权求和构成该相含 零序电流的制动电流,利用该含零序电流的制动电流与相应相差动电流构成此相比率制 动单元。 当差动电流大于含零序电流的制动电流且大于最小动作电流时, 输出该相比率 制动单元的动作信号。在变压器存在多个 Yo侧情况下, 通过求取各 Yo侧零序电流最大 值或者求取各 Yo侧零序电流的加权求和值与传统代表穿越电流的制动电流进行加权求 和构成含零序电流的制动电流,利用该制动电流与相应相差动电流构成此相比率制动单 元。 当差动电流大于含零序电流的制动电流且大于最小动作电流时, 输出该相比率制动 单元的动作信号。 应用本发明技术方案, 可完全避免三相电流互感器误差不一致时, Yo 侧区外接地故障导致的变压器纵差保护误动, 也可防止其他非内部故障情况下, 零序电 流造成的差动不平衡 ¾流导致的变压器纵差保护误动作,且不影响区内故障情况下纵差 保护的正确动作。 ' ' 附图说明
图 1是现有的变压器纵差保护方框图。
图 2是现有的变压器纵差保护原理接线图。
图 4是本发明带零序比率制动的变压器纵差保护比率制动单元的电路框图。
图 4是本发明另一种带零序比率制动的变压器纵差保护比率制动单元的电路框图。 图 5是本发明带最大侧零序比率制动的变压器纵差保护比率制动单元的电路框图。 图 6 是本发明另一种带最大侧零序比率制动的变压器纵差保护比率制动单元的电 路框图。 ·
图 7是本发明带多侧零序比率制动的变压器纵差保护比率制动单元的电路框图。 图 8 是本发明另一种带多侧零序比率制动的变压器纵差保护比率制动单元的电路 框图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进一步描述。
实施例 1 :
本发明带零序比率制动的变压器纵差保护方法, 可通过图 3所示的带零序制动的 变压器纵差保护比率制动单元的电路框图得以实现。该单元接往图 1中比率制动单元的 "与" 门, 与励磁涌流检测、 过励磁检测单元一起构成比率差动保护 (下同)。 该单元 由乘法器 Al、 Bl、 CI及乘法器 2、 加法器 A3、 B3、 C3和比较器 A4、 B4、 C4构成。 其 中乘法器 Al、 Bl、 CI的一个输入端分别接入变压器纵差保护中代表穿越电流的经滤波 后的制动电流信号 Iza、 Izb、 Izc, 另一个输入端接入比率制动系数 Kz=0. 5, 其输出端 分别接加法器 A3、 B3、 C3的一个输入端; 乘法器 2的一个输入端接入变压器 Υο侧经滤 波后的零序电流信号 3Ιο, 另一个输入端接入零序制动系数 Κο=0. 15, 乘法器 2的输出 端分别接加法器 A3、 B3、 C3的另一个输入端; 经滤波后的三相差动电流信号 Ida、 Idb、 Idc分别输入到比较器 A4、 B4、 C4的正输入端, 其负输入端分别与加法器 A3、 B3、 C3 的输出端相连接, 输出端分别输出 、 B、 C相的比率差动动作信号。
当差动电流大于含零序电流的制动电流时, 比较器输出相应相的比率差动动作信 号。 应用本方案, 可完全避免三相电流互感器误差不一致时, Yo 侧区外接地故障导致 的变压器纵差保护误动, 也可防止其他非内部故障情况下,零序电流造成的纵差不平衡 电流导致的变压器纵差保护误动作, 且不影响区内故障情况下纵差保护的正确动作。 实施例 2:
图 4所示为另一种带零序制动的变压器纵差保护比率制动单元的方法电路框图。 该单元由减法器 Al l、 Bll、 Cl l、 乘法器 A12、 B12、 C12及乘法器 2、 加法器 A13、 B13、 C13、 A3、 B3、 C3和比较器 A4、 B4、 C4构成。 其中减法器 All、 Bll、 Cl l的正输入端 分别接入变压器纵差保护中代表穿越电流的经滤波后的制动电流信号 Iza、 Izb、 Izc, 负输入端分别接入变压器纵差保护中的制动拐点电流值 Ireso =1. 2*In, In为折算到该 侧的变压器额定电流; 乘法器 A12、 B12、 C12的一个输入端分别接减法器 Ml、 Bll、 Cll的输出端, 另一个输入端分别输入比率差动折线斜率 S =0. 5 , 其输出端分别接加法 器 A13、 B13、 C13的一个输入端; 加法器 A13、 B13、 C13的另一个输入端分别输入最小 动作电流值 Iopmin =0. 4 *In, 其输出端分别与加法器 A3、 B3、 C3的一个输入端相连 接;乘法器 2的一个输入端接入变压器 Yo侧经滤波后的零序电流信号 31ο,另一个输入 端输入零序制动系数 Ko= 0. 1, 其输出端分别接加法器 A3、 B3、 C3的另一个输入端; 比较器 A4、 B4、 C4的正输入端分别输入经滤波后的三相差动电流信号 Ida、 Idb、 Idc, 负输入端分别与加法器 A3、 B3、 C3的输出端相连接, 其输出端分别输出 A、 B、 C相的 比率差动动作信号。
当差动电流大于含零序电流的制动电流时, 比较器输出相应相的比率差动动作信 号。 应用本方案, 可实现比率差动折线不过原点的情况, 即比率制动系数 KZ= S * (1- Ireso/Iz) + Iopmin/Iz, 比率制动系数 Kz随制动电流变化而变化; 也可完全避免三相 电流互感器误差不一致时, Υο 侧区外接地故障导致的变压器纵差保护误动, 还可防止 其他非内部故障情况下, 零序电流造成的纵差不平衡电流导致的变压器纵差保护误动 作, 且不影响区内故障情况下纵差保护的正确动作。 实施例 3:
图 5所示为带最大侧零序比率制动的变压器纵差保护比率制动单元的电路框图。 该单元由求最大值电路 Μο、 乘法器 Al、 Bl、 CI及乘法器 2、 加法器 A3、 B3、 C3和比较 器 A4、 B4、 C 构成。其中求最大值电路 Mo的输入端分别接入变压器各中性点接地侧(或 分支) 经滤波后的零序电流信号 3I1()、 3I2。、 3I3Q, 其输出端与乘法器 2 的一个输入端 相连接; 乘法器 2的另一个输入端输入零序制动系数 Ko= 0. 15, 其输出端分别接加法 器 A3、 B3、 C3的一个输入端; 乘法器 M、 Bl、 CI的一个输入端分别接入变压器纵差保 护中代表穿越电流的经滤波后的制动电流信号 Iza、 Izb、 Izc, 另一个输入端输入比率 制动系数 Kz= 0. 5, 其输出端分别接加法器 A3、 B3、 C3的另一个输入端; 比较器 Α4、 B4、 C4的正输入端分别输入经滤波后的三相差动电流信号 Ida、 Wb、 Idc, 负输入端分 别与加法器 A3、 B3、 C3的输出端相连接, 其输出端分别输出 A、 B、 C相的比率差动动 作信号。 n = 3为变压器中性点接地侧数 (或分支数)。
当差动电流大于含最大侧零序电流的制动电流时, 比较器输出相应相的比率差动 动作信号。 应用本方案, 可完全避免三相电流互感器误差不一致时, Yo 侧区外接地故 障导致的变压器差动保护误动,也可防止其他非内部故障情况下,零序电流造成的差动 不平衡电流导致的变压器差动保护误动作,且不影响区内故障情况下差动保护的正确动 作。 实施例 4:
图 6所示为的另一种带最大侧零序比率制动的变压器纵差保护比率制动单元的方 法电路框图。 该单元由求最大值电路 Μο、 减法器 All、 Bl l、 Cl l、 乘法器 A12、 B12、 C12及乘法器 2、 加法器 A13、 B13、 C13、 A3、 B3、 C3和比较器 A4、 B4、 C4构成。 其中 减法器 All、 Bll、 Cll的正输入端分别接入变压器纵差保护中代表穿越电流的经滤波后 的制动电流信号 Iza、 Izb、 Izc, 负输入端分别接入变压器纵差保护中的制动拐点电流 值 Ireso=1. 2 *In, In为折算到该侧的变压器额定电流; 乘法器 A12、 B12,、 C12的一个 输入端分别接减法器 All、 Bll、 Cll的输出端, 另一个输入端分别输入比率差动折线斜 率 S =0. 5, 其输出端分别接加法器 A13、 B13、 C13的一个输入端; 加法器 A13、 B13、 C13的另一个输入端分别输入最小动作电流值 I opmin =0. 4 *In, 其输出端分别与加法 器 A3、 B3、 C3的一个输入端相连接; 求最大值电路 Mo的输入端分别接入变压器各中性 点接地侧 (或分支)经滤波后的零序电流信号 311()、 3L。、 3I3。, 其输出端与乘法器 2的 一个输入端相连接; 乘法器 2的另一个输入端输入零序制动系数 Ko=0. 15, 其输出端分 别接加法器 A3、 B3、 C3的另一个输入端; 比较器 A4、 B4、 C4的正输入端分别输入经滤 波后的三相差动电流信号 Ida、 Idb、 Idc, 负输入端分别与加法器 A3、 B3、' C3的输出 端相连接, 其输出端分别输出 A、 B、 C相的比率差动动作信号。 n =3为变压器中性点 接地侧数 (或分支数)。
当差动电流大于含零序电流的制动电流时, 比较器输出相应相的比率差动动作信 号。 应用本方案, 可实现比率差动折线不过原点的情况, 即比率制动系数 Kz = S * (1- Ireso/Iz ) + Iopmin/Iz, 比率制动系数 Kz随制动电流变化而变化; 可完全避免三相电 流互感器误差不一致时, Υο 侧区外接地故障导致的变压器纵差保护误动, 还可防止其 他非内部故障情况下, 零序电流造成的纵差不平衡电流导致的变压器纵差保护误动作, 且不影响区内故障情况下纵差保护的正确动作。 实施例 5:
图 7所示为的一种带多侧零序比率制动的变压器纵差保护比率制动单元的方法电 路框图。 该单元由乘法器 Al、 Bl、 Cl、 01、 02、 03及乘法器 2、 加法器 A3、 B3、 C3、 P0和比较器 A4、 B4、 C4构成。 其中乘法器 Al、 Bl、 CI的一个输入端分别接入变压器 纵差保护中代表穿越电流的经滤波后的制动电流信号 Iza、 IZb、 Izc, 另一个输入端 输入比率制动系数 Kz= 0. 4, 其输出端分别接加法器 A3、 B3、 C3的一个输入端; 乘法 器 01、 02、 03 的一个输入端分别接入变压器各中性点接地侧 (或分支) 经滤波后的 零序电流信号 31,。、 3Ι2。、 3Ι3。, 另一个输入端分别输入预先设定的权值 Κ1()、 Κ2。、 Κ3。, 值均为 0. 4, 其输出端分别接加法器 Ρ0的三个输入端; 加法器 Ρ0的输出端与乘法器 2的一个输入端相连接; 乘法器 2的另一个输入端输入整定值 Κο= 0. 1, 其输出端分 别接加法器 A3、 B3、 C3的另一个输入端; 比较器 A4、 B4、 C4的正输入端分别输入经 滤波后的三相差动电流信号 Ida、 Idb、 Idc, 负输入端分别与加法器 A3、 B3、 C3的输 出端相连接, 其输出端分别输出 A、 B、 C相的比率差动动作信号。 n = 3为变压器中 性点接地侧数 (或分支数)。
当差动电流大于含零序电流的制动电流时, 比较器输出相应相的比率差动动作信 号。 应用本方案, 可完全避免三相电流互感器误差不一致时, Yo侧区外接地故障导致 的变压器差动保护误动, 也可防止其他非内部故障情况下, 零序电流造成的差动不平 衡电流导致的变压器差动保护误动作, 且不影响区内故障情况下差动保护的正确动 作。 实施例 6:
图 8所示为的另一种带多侧零序比率制动的变压器纵差保护比率制动单元的方法 电路框图。 该单元由减法器 All、 Bll、 Cl l、 乘法器 A12、 B12、 C12、 01、 02、 03及乘 法器 2、 加法器 A13、 B13、 C13、 P0、 A3、 B3、 C3和比较器 A4、 B4、 C4构成。 其中减 法器 Al l、 Bl l、 Cl l的正输入端分别接入变压器纵差保护中代表穿越电流的经滤波后的 制动电流信号 Iza、 Izb、 Izc, 负输入端分别接入变压器纵差保护中的制动拐点电流值 Ireso = 1. 2 *In, In为折算到该侧的变压器额定电流; 乘法器 M2、 B12、 C12的一个 输入端分别接减法器 All、 Bll、 Cll的输出端, 另一个输入端分别输入比率差动折线斜 率 S = 0. 5, 其输出端分别接加法器 A13、 B13、 C13的一个输入端; 加法器 A13、 B13、 C13的另一个输入端分别输入最小动作电流值 Iopmin =0. 4 *In, 其输出端分别与加法 器 A3、 B3、 C3的一个输入端相连接; 乘法器 01、 02、 03的一个输入端分别接入变压器 各中性点接地侧 (或分支) 经滤波后的零序电流信号 311()、 3I2。、 313。, 另一个输入端 分别输入预先设定的权值 Κπ>、 Κ2。、 Κ3。, 值均为 0. 3, 其输出端分别接加法器 Ρ0的三个 输入端; 加法器 Ρ0的输出端与乘法器 2的一个输入端相连接; 乘法器 2的另一个输入 端输入整定值 Κο= 0. 2, 其输出端分别接加法器 A3、 B3、 C3的另一个输入端; 比较器 A4、 B4、 C4的正输入端分别输入经滤波后的三相差动电流信号 Ida、 Idb、 Idc, 负输入 端分别与加法器 A3、 B3、 C3的输出端相连接, 其输出端分别输出 A、 B、 C相的比率差 动动作信号。 n = 3为变压器中性点接地侧数 (或分支数)。
当差动电流大于含零序电流的制动电流时, 比较器输出相应相的比率差动动作信 号。 应用本方案, 可实现比率差动折线不过原点的情况, 即比率制动系数 KZ-S* (1 -Ireso/Iz) + Iopmin/Iz, 比率制动系数 Kz随制动电流变化而变化; 可完全避免三相电 流互感器误差不一致时, Yo侧区外接地故障导致的变压器纵差保护误动, 还可防止其 他非内部故障情况下, 零序电流造成的纵差不平衡电流导致的变压器纵差保护误动作, 且不影响区内故障情况下纵差保护的正确动作。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种带零序比率制动的变压器纵差保护方法, 其特征在于: 通过变压器纵差 保护中代表穿越电流的制动电流与变压器 Yo侧零序电流进行加权求和构成含零序电 流的制动电流, 用该含零序电流的制动电流与相应相的差动电流构成此相比率制动单 元, 此比率制动单元与励磁涌流检测、 过励磁检测单元一起接入 "与门", 构成比率 差动保护; 当差动电流大于含零序电流的制动电流且大于最小动作电流时, 输出该相 比率制动单元的动作信号; 带零序量比率制动单元的比率动作依据关系为-
I d > Kz * I ζ + Κο * 3 I ο
式中 I d、 Iz为变压器纵差保护三相中任意一相的差动电流与代表该相穿越电流的 制动电流, 3 I 0为 Yp侧零序电流 (即 Yo侧三相电流之和), Κζ为常用纵差保护中 比率制动单元的比率制动系数, 为零序制动系数。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的带零序比率制动的变压器纵差保护方法,其特征在于: 当变压器存在多个 Yo侧时, 310 的表达式为 - 3 I o= (3 I 10、 3 I 20、 3 I no) max
式中 3I 1G、 3 I 20, …… 3 I no分别为各 Yo侧的零序电流, 并且与三相差动电流归 算到同一侧, (3I 1()、 3I2。、 …… 3In。) max为各 Yo侧的零序电流中的最大值。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的带零序比率制动的变压器纵差保护方法,其特征在于- 当变压器存在多个 Yo侧时, 3 I 0 的表达式为:
3 I o = 3 I ioXkio+ 3120Xk2o+ + 3 I noXkn0
式中 3 I 1()、 312。、 …… 3 I no分别为各 Yo侧的零序电流, k1()、 k2。、 …… kn。为预 先设定的权值, (Sl wXkn^ 3 I 20Xk20+ …… + 3 I„oXkn0) 为各 Yo侧的零序电 流的加权求和值, 当零序电流与三相差动电流归算到同一侧及权值在 0< (k10、 k20、 …… kn。) 1的情况下, 整定值 Ko为 0<Ko <1/3ο
4、根据权利要求 1或 2或 3所述的带零序比率制动的变压器纵差保护方法,其 特征在于: 常用纵差保护中比率制动单元的比率制动系数 Κζ, 其值为 0<ΚΖ <1。
5、根据权利要求 1所述的带零序比率制动的变压器纵差保护方法,其特征在于- 在零序电流与三相差动电流、 三相制动电流归算到同一侧的情况下, 零序制动系数 Ko整定范围为 0<Κο<1/3。
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CN115224676A (zh) * 2022-07-26 2022-10-21 西安热工研究院有限公司 小电阻接地系统站间联络线零序阻性电流差动保护方法

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